Textile machine for producing textile flat structures and thread guiding device

Abstract

The invention provides a textile machine 100 for the production of textile fabrics, comprising a textile yarn storage unit 1, a working area 3 in which the textile machine 100 processes textile yarns 200 from the textile yarn storage unit 1, and a yarn guiding device 2 by which a textile yarn 200 is guided under tension from the textile yarn storage unit 1 to the working area 3, wherein the yarn guiding device 2 in turn comprises a deflecting element 11, which deflects a textile yarn 200 in contact with it from the textile yarn storage unit 1 into the working area 3, wherein the deflecting element 11 is movably mounted relative to the textile yarn storage unit 1 in a displacement range between a first and a second end position, and a tensioning device 13a; 13b; 13c; 13d; 13e; which supports the deflecting element 11.13f comprises a tension force on the textile thread 200, 200' in contact with the deflecting element 11 and for this purpose comprises a force element 30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e deformable by displacement of the deflecting element 11, in which a ratio of a deformation force of the force element 30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e averaged over the displacement range of the deflecting element 11 to the deformation force of the force element 30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e in the first or in the second end position of the deflecting element 11 is 0.8 to 1.2;

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present invention relates to a textile machine for producing textile fabrics and a thread guiding device for use on a textile machine. Background of the invention

[0002] In the course of the automated production of textile fabrics, textile machines are used that process a large number of individual textile threads together in sometimes different ways in order to produce a textile fabric.

[0003] In the technical field of textile processing, weaving, knitting, and warp-knitting machines are known for this purpose, although their fundamentally different ways of processing textile threads are used. For example, processing on a weaving machine involves weaving the textile threads at right angles, alternating between them and under each other, whereas processing on a warp-knitting machine involves stitch formation.

[0004] Irrespective of these differences, in all thread-processing textile machines the individual textile threads are fed to a working area of ​​the textile machine in which processing takes place by relative movements of individual thread-guiding processing elements of the textile machine, usually eye needles and the like.

[0005] Starting from a thread storage unit of the textile machine, the individual textile threads are fed to the working area, in particular to the thread-guiding processing elements arranged therein, whereby it must be ensured that the individual textile threads are guided into the working area during processing by the textile machine continuously, reliably, in a precise position and without mutual hindrance, for example due to tangling.

[0006] For this task, thread guide devices are used, which redirect a textile thread from the thread storage device under tension into the work area, for example, via a deflection pulley or the like. The element of the thread guide device in contact with the textile thread is movably mounted to provide variable deflection, in which the feed of the textile thread adapts accordingly to the relative movement of the processing element receiving the textile thread in the work area. In this way, a short-term increase in the demand for textile thread or a short-term decrease in the demand for textile thread can be compensated.

[0007] The thread guide device not only fulfils the above-described function of variable deflection, but also acts as a thread tensioner, which exerts a tensioning force on the textile thread guided through the thread guide device in order to tension it and thus be able to guide it better than in an untensioned state.

[0008] Such a thread guiding device is known, for example, from US 3 631 689 A, which discloses a warp knitting machine with a tensioning device for textile threads, in which the textile threads run over a deflection section which is arranged at a tip of a thin, deformable sheet metal bending spring which exerts a tensioning force on the guided textile thread. This combined functionality of variable deflection and tensioning of the textile thread, however, leads, as in the case of US 3 631 689 A, to a varying tensioning force acting on the textile thread during processing, as a result of which thread tension in the textile thread also varies.

[0009] This results in varying stretching during processing, particularly in the thread direction, of the textile threads, which deform under the influence of force. This leads to undesirable irregularities in the final textile fabric, as the textile threads are stretched irregularly in some places and, for example, contract irregularly in some places after processing in the textile fabric. This leads to a deterioration in the product quality of the finished textile fabric.

[0010] A thread guide structure similar to that of US 3 631 689 A is also known from DE 20 2019 105 145 U1, in which a bending or leaf spring is also used to guide a textile thread.

[0011] Furthermore, EP 2 143 681 A1 discloses a thread deflection unit of a winding machine for winding a spool material on a winding spindle, which also uses a leaf spring to tension the spool material.

[0012] Further prior art is also known from DE 44 19 265 A1, in which a thread tensioning device is disclosed in which a thread is guided at one end of a rotatably mounted lever. A constant torque acting on a lever element is implemented via a complex circuit comprising several spring elements and controllable actuators. Summary of the invention

[0013] An object of the present invention is to provide an improved possibility for the automated production of a textile fabric with high product quality.

[0014] To achieve this object, a thread guiding device for a textile machine according to claim 1 and a textile machine according to claim 13 are provided

[0015] The respective dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments, which can be provided individually or in combination.

[0016] First, the textile machine according to the invention, which comprises the thread guiding device according to the invention, is described.

[0017] According to a first aspect of the invention, a textile machine for the production of textile fabrics is provided, which comprises a textile thread storage, a working area in which the textile machine processes textile threads from the textile thread storage, and a thread guiding device via which a textile thread is guided under tension from the textile thread storage to the working area. The thread guiding device in turn comprises at least one deflection element which deflects a textile thread in contact with it from the textile thread storage into the working area, wherein the deflection element is movably mounted relative to the textile thread storage in a displacement range between a first and a second end position, and a tensioning device mounting the deflection element,which exerts a tensioning force on the textile thread in contact with the deflection element and, for this purpose, comprises a force element deformable by a displacement of the deflection element. The force element comprises at least one first elastic spring element, which is deformed by a displacement of a displacement point of the first spring element along a displacement direction, dependent on the displacement of the deflection element, wherein the first spring element is a spring element with a degressive force-deformation relationship or a constant force spring. The ratio of a deformation force of the force element averaged over the displacement range of the deflection element to the deformation force of the force element in the first or second end position of the deflection element is 0.8 to 1.2.

[0018] The ratio of the average deformation force and the force at one of the end positions is also referred to as the "force ratio"

[0019] Textile fabrics are defined as any two-dimensional textile product, regardless of the manufacturing process. Examples include woven fabrics, knitwear, felt, carpets, tufted carpets, nonwovens, bobbins, nets, braids, multi-textiles, and stitch-knitted fabrics.

[0020] The textile thread is processed by a multitude of processing elements of the textile machine arranged in the working area (in the case of a warp knitting machine, for example, by knitting elements such as eye and compound needles). These elements move relative to one another within the working area to interlink, weave, knit, or similarly interweave a multitude of textile threads. The textile threads are unwound from the textile thread storage device, usually designed as a warp beam, and guided via the deflection element into the working area, where they are either received directly by the processing elements or first guided into the working area via additional deflection elements.

[0021] The deflection element can, for example, be designed as a rotatable or non-rotatable deflection, or even just a curved guide section, over the surface of which the textile thread runs from the textile thread storage into the working area.

[0022] The thread guide device is not limited to use with just one textile thread, but is preferably designed in such a way that a plurality of textile threads are guided parallel to one another from the textile thread storage via the deflection element into the working area.

[0023] The tensioning force exerted on one or more textile threads is not zero in the event of contact with the deflection element during processing with the deflection element located within the displacement range and is provided by the deformation force of the force element of the tensioning device, which is dependent on the displacement of the deflection element. The force element is understood to mean any element that can be deformed under the influence of force, for example mechanical springs and the like.

[0024] Elastic spring elements are elastic solid elements that are geometrically designed as elastically deformable elements, depending on their intended use, such as leaf springs, disc springs, coil springs, and the like. The direction of displacement can be linear, curved, or angular, depending on the type of spring element used. The displacement point represents the interface to the deflection element, with any type of connecting element or transmission mechanism being arranged between them.

[0025] The spring element with a degressive force-deformation relationship advantageously exhibits smaller changes in the deformation force in the deformation range with changing deformation. Furthermore, the constant force spring delivers a substantially constant deformation force across the deformation range.

[0026] The displacement of the deflection element is transferred directly or via a transmission mechanism to the force element and leads to the deformation of the same, whereby the area between the deformation when the deflection element is in the first end position and the deformation when the deflection element is in the second end position is hereinafter referred to as the deformation area of ​​the force element, which is connected to the displacement area either directly or via the transmission mechanism.

[0027] The deformation force in the sense of the force element here is to be understood as a component of a reaction force of the force element caused by deformation of the force element, which acts along a displacement direction of a displacement of a point (point of application, support point, displacement point, etc.) of the force element causing the deformation. Said displacement of the point of the force element depends on the displacement of the deflection element.

[0028] The required force ratio thus defines a force-deformation relationship of the force element in the displacement range of the deflection element, in which the averaged deformation force deviates from the deformation force at one of the two end positions by a maximum of 20%.

[0029] The deformation force of the force element is transferred to the deflection element connected to it (directly or via transmission mechanism) and provides the tensioning force, which is transferred via the deflection element to the textile thread or threads in contact with it and causes a build-up of thread tension in the textile thread or threads, so that it is guided under tension from the thread storage into the working area.

[0030] The tensioning force is to be understood as the force provided by the tensioning device, which corresponds to a contact force between textile thread and deflection element, whereby in the case of a large number of textile threads, the tensioning force corresponds to the sum of the respective contact forces for the large number of contacts of the individual textile threads with the deflection element.

[0031] Depending on the coupling of force element and deflection element, the tension force can correspond to the deformation force (directly) or is related to it via a transmission ratio of the transmission mechanics.

[0032] The force ratio requirement ensures that, across the deflection element's displacement range, variations in the force element's deformation force, and thus also in the tensioning force applied by the tensioning device, are minimal, largely eliminating any resulting variations in the thread tension in the textile thread. As a result, the textile thread undergoes uniform deformation during processing, particularly uniform stretching of the textile thread in the thread direction, allowing the production of a textile fabric with high product quality.

[0033] The textile machine according to the invention provides a particularly advantageous possibility for thread diversion into the working area, in which the functionalities of a variable deflection to compensate for an excess or a decrease in the demand for the textile thread and of a tensioning of the textile thread to be guided into the working area are combined in such a way that a variable feed of the textile thread via the deflection element under tension with a slightly varying tension force takes place, which leads to a correspondingly small variation in the thread tension in the textile thread.

[0034] In accordance with the transmission of the displacement of the deflection element, the force element is deformed to provide the clamping force, for example in the form of an end point displacement of the force element.

[0035] The deformation range of the force element preferably extends from a deformed first state to a more strongly deformed second state of the force element, so that a clamping force can be applied at any point in the displacement range. In other words, the deformation range preferably does not include an undeformed state of the force element with a deformation force equal to zero, whereby no or only very slight plastic deformation of the force element should occur in the deformation range.

[0036] A force element is used in the tensioning device which, starting from the first and / or second end position, provides a corresponding minimum tensioning force for tensioning the textile thread through its deformation force, which also does not change or changes only slightly over the deformation range.

[0037] If, in this sense, an elastic solid element, such as a mechanical spring, is used as part of the force element, a linear force-deformation relationship in the displacement range is unsuitable for the application according to the invention, as it cannot meet the above requirements for the force ratio in the displacement range. For example, the sheet metal spring shown in US Pat. No. 3,631,689 A is also unsuitable.

[0038] Instead, elastic solid elements are preferred which, for example, have a degressive force-deformation relationship, which provides a small variation in the deformation force while simultaneously maintaining the minimum tension force for tensioning the textile thread.

[0039] The force ratio includes the deformation force of the force element averaged over the deflection element's displacement range, which should be understood as any mean value of the deformation force of the force element, which is usually deformation-dependent, over the displacement range. This mean value is also referred to below with the symbol M, which may optionally be used with an additional subscript.

[0040] The force ratio f 1,2 can be specified on the basis of the mean value M and on the basis of the deformation force F 1 of the force element at the first end position or the deformation force F 2 of the force element at the second end position according to equation 1 or equation 2. f 1 = M F 1 ∈ 0 ,8 ,1 ,2 f 2 = M F 2 ∈ 0 ,8 , 1 ,2

[0041] The choice of the force ratio to be used, i.e. f 1 with deformation force at the first end position or f 2 with deformation force at the second end position, is arbitrary and is preferably selected in such a way that the end position is selected for the ratio formation in which the deflection element is located for a longer time during operation of the textile machine for producing a textile fabric.

[0042] Said mean value M is a measure of the deformation force present in the mean for generating the tensioning force over the displacement range of the deflection element or over the deformation range determined thereby and can, for example, be an integral mean value M int (see equation 3), a discretely evaluated arithmetic mean value, or the like. M int = 1 x 2 − x 1 ∫ x 1 x 2 F dx

[0043] In Equation 3, F denotes the deformation force of the force element, which depends on the displacement x of the deflection element, where x 1 and x 2 denote the first and second end positions, respectively. The displacement x does not necessarily have to correspond to the deformation of the force element, since any type of transmission mechanism can be arranged between the deflection element and the force element. In this case, the displacement of the deflection element could be converted into a corresponding deformation using a known transmission ratio.

[0044] It should be noted that the displacement of the deflection element should by no means be limited to a translational displacement or a linear displacement. Thus, the deflection element can be mounted not only for linear displacement, but also, for example, for rotation about a corresponding support point, whereby a displacement in this case can be described as an angle. The x used in the previous equation 3 can thus be interpreted equally as a linear, curvilinear, or angular displacement.

[0045] Preferably, the requirement of a maximum deviation of 20% applies to both the force ratio with respect to the deformation force at the first end position and the force ratio with respect to the deformation force at the second end position. In other words, the clamping device should meet both requirements according to equations 1 and 2.

[0046] In this way, a stricter requirement is formulated regarding the variation of the clamping force over the displacement range, which offers greater safety than a requirement related only to an end position.

[0047] Preferably, the ratio of the deformation force of the force element averaged over the displacement range of the deflection element to the deformation force of the force element in the first or in the second end position of the deflection element is 0.9 to 1.1, more preferably 0.95 to 1.05 and particularly preferably 1, whereby said variations in the clamping force are increasingly reduced.

[0048] Preferably, the textile machine comprises a plurality of substantially identically constructed thread guiding devices, each of which is designed to guide a separate textile thread or a plurality of parallel textile threads.

[0049] In this way, all textile threads are guided into the working area in the same way and are subject to the same influences by the identical thread guiding devices, which allows a more uniform textile fabric to be produced.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the force element is designed such that a ratio of a maximum deformation force of the force element occurring over the displacement range of the deflection element to a minimum deformation force of the force element occurring over the displacement range of the deflection element is 1 to 1.2.

[0051] In this way, in addition to the inventive requirement for the mean value of the deformation force, a local criterion based on extremely occurring deformation forces is introduced, so that a merely locally excessive deformation force can also be excluded.

[0052] The above criterion can be expressed mathematically according to the following equation 4, in which g denotes the said ratio, F the deformation force of the force element and x the displacement. g = max x ∈ x 1 x 2 F min x ∈ x 1 x 2 F ∈ 1 , 1 ,2

[0053] Preferably, the ratio of the maximum deformation force of the force element occurring over the displacement range of the deflection element to a minimum deformation force of the force element occurring over the displacement range of the deflection element is 1 to 1.1, more preferably 1 to 1.05 and particularly preferably 1, whereby said local deviations in the clamping force are increasingly reduced.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the force element of the tensioning device is designed such that an amount of a change rate of the deformation force of the force element averaged over the displacement range of the deflection element is less than or equal to 1,500 N / m (Newton per meter; or 1.5 N / mm).

[0055] In this way, in addition to the requirement for small deviations from the mean value of the deformation force, a requirement is formulated for the derivative of the force-deformation relationship of the force element in averaged form. In a mechanical sense, the derivative can be understood, for example, as the stiffness of the force element. This requirement for the rate of change ensures that, on average, the rate of change of the resulting clamping force also remains within specified limits.

[0056] Said mean value is also abbreviated below with the symbol m and is a measure of the mean changes in the deformation force present to generate the clamping force over the displacement range and can, for example, be an integral mean value m int (see equation 5), a discretely evaluated arithmetic mean value, or the like. m int = 1 x 2 − x 1 ∫ x 1 x 2 dF dx dx

[0057] Preferably, the amount of the rate of change of the deformation force of the force element averaged over the displacement range of the deflection element is less than or equal to 1,000 N / m or 1.0 N / mm, more preferably less than or equal to 500 N / m or 0.5 N / mm, even more preferably less than or equal to 100 N / m or 0.1 N / mm and particularly preferably 0 N / m or 0 N / mm, whereby variations in the rate of change of the tensioning force are increasingly reduced.

[0058] Preferably, the amount of the extreme (minimal and / or maximum) change rate of the deformation force of the force element over the displacement range of the deflection element is less than or equal to 1,500 N / m or 1.5 N / mm, more preferably less than or equal to 1,000 N / m or 1.0 N / mm, more preferably less than or equal to 500 N / m or 0.5 N / mm, more preferably less than or equal to 100 N / m or 0.1 N / mm and particularly preferably 0 N / m or 0 N / mm.

[0059] In this way, in addition to the requirement for small deviations of the mean value of the deformation force, a requirement for the derivation of the force-deformation relation of the force element in extremal form is formulated, in the course of which an upper and / or lower limit of the stiffness of the force element is formulated over the displacement range, so that even a merely locally excessive or too low stiffness can be excluded, which leads to a higher product quality of the textile fabric to be manufactured.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the force element of the tensioning device is designed such that its deformation force is constant over the displacement range of the deflection element

[0061] In this way, a constant non-zero deformation force is provided, which serves as the basis for the tension force to tension the textile thread across the displacement range.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the textile machine, the force element of the tensioning device is designed such that the tensioning force exerted on the textile thread in contact with the deflection element or the tensioning force exerted on the textile threads for the displacement range of the deflection element causes a thread force in the textile thread or in the textile threads of 0 to 1 Newton.

[0063] Thread force is the normal force (tensile force) acting in the thread direction in a cutting plane perpendicular to the thread direction, which describes the resulting force of the thread tension normal to the cutting plane.

[0064] This ensures that the textile thread is not over-tensioned and thus experiences excessive deformation, which impairs the product quality, or may even tear.

[0065] Preferably, the force element is designed such that the tensioning force exerted on the textile thread in contact with the deflection element for the displacement range of the deflection element causes a thread force in the textile thread of 0 to 0.4 Newton and particularly preferably of 0 to 0.2 Newton.

[0066] This ensures that the thread can be guided under tension, but is only slightly deformed or stretched, which in turn has a positive effect on product quality.

[0067] Preferably, the force element comprises a second elastic spring element which can be arranged in series or parallel to the first spring element with respect to a displacement of the deflection element.

[0068] In this way, according to the basic principles of series and parallel connection, the force-deformation relations of individual spring elements can be combined to provide a desired "resulting" force-deformation relation of the force element for generating the displacement-dependent clamping force.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the second elastic spring element is arranged relative to the first spring element such that, by displacement of the deflection element, the first spring element is compressed and the second spring element is expanded or the first spring element is expanded and the second spring element is compressed.

[0070] The above expansion and compression is to be understood only as a change in the deformation state of the two spring elements, but not as the absolute state of the spring elements.

[0071] The above arrangement of the first and second spring elements results in the deformation force of the force element, which is used to generate the tensioning force for tensioning the textile thread, being based on a difference between the deformation force of the first and the deformation force of the second spring element.

[0072] In this way, even very small deformation forces of the force element can be provided without having to make the force element "filigree", which would have a negative impact on its fatigue strength and susceptibility to vibration.

[0073] For example, in an exemplary state, a deformation force of the force element of 0.5 Newton can be provided as the difference between the exemplary deformation forces of 10 Newton and 9.5 Newton of the first and second spring elements, respectively.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, the second elastic spring element is arranged relative to the first spring element in such a way that the first and second spring elements are compressed or expanded together by displacement of the deflection element.

[0075] In this way, for example, a thread guiding device for a plurality of textile threads can be provided, in which the deflection element extends partially over a width of the working area in such a way that it deflects a plurality of textile threads distributed over the width of the working area from the textile thread storage into the working area.

[0076] For the associated mounting of the deflection element, for example in the case of two textile threads, the above arrangement of the first and the second spring element can be used, which allows an additive superposition of individual deformation forces of the spring elements to provide a higher deformation force for the plurality of textile threads to be guided.

[0077] In the above case of a plurality of textile threads to be deflected, the tensioning device preferably comprises a plurality of elastic spring elements which are jointly compressed or expanded by displacement of the deflection element.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment, the tensioning device further comprises an adjustment element by means of which an initial deformation state of the force element can be adjusted when no textile thread is in contact with the deflection element.

[0079] In this way, a desired pre-deformation can be set so that, across the displacement range of the deflection element, the deformation range lies within a desired range of the force-deformation relationship of the force element or the first spring element or the "resulting" force-deformation relationship of the first and second spring elements.

[0080] Preferably, the adjusting element is designed as an adjustable stop for the force element, in particular as a stop for a bearing point of the force element located at the displacement point of the first spring element.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, at least the first elastic spring element of the force element is designed as an elastic bending beam which, over the displacement range of the deflection element, has an elastic pre-deformation in the form of a deflection in a bending direction that is at an angle to the displacement direction of the displacement point of the first spring element and which experiences a change in the deflection by displacing the displacement point of the first spring element.

[0082] In this way, a particularly simple to implement and cost-effective concept of a constant force spring is provided, which has an essentially constant deformation force over a corresponding deformation range, on which the tensioning force for tensioning the textile thread is based.

[0083] In this case, the deformation force is understood to be the reaction force of the force element acting on the displacement point in the direction of displacement.

[0084] Such spring elements can also be referred to as initially deformed buckling bars, which, starting from an already existing Eulerian buckling case, have a deformation range with an essentially constant deformation force.

[0085] Preferably, all elastic spring elements of the force element are designed as elastic bending beams according to the above embodiment.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, a longitudinal extent of at least one elastic bending beam of a force element along a center line is greater than the cross-sectional extent of the elastic bending beam in a cross-section perpendicular to the center line, with a cross-sectional extent along the bending direction being smaller than a cross-sectional extent along a direction orthogonal to the bending direction. Particularly preferably, all elastic bending beams of the force element satisfy the above geometric requirements.

[0087] In this way, an Euler-Bernoulli beam is essentially provided which, due to the larger cross-sectional extent, has a higher section modulus against the bending load case in the direction orthogonal to the bending direction than in the bending direction, thereby ensuring that the elastic bending beam only deforms in or parallel to a bending plane spanned by the desired bending direction and the displacement direction of the displacement point and does not deflect or break orthogonally to it, so that the center line of the bending beam always remains within the bending plane.

[0088] Preferably, the elastic bending beam has a rectangular cross-sectional shape in said cross-section, thereby providing a particularly cost-effective design of the bending beam.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment, the tensioning device comprises a transmission mechanism arranged between the force element and the deflection element, via which a transmission ratio between a displacement of the deflection element and a deformation of the force element is determined.

[0090] In this way, displacement and deformation can be specifically adapted to each other.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism is matched to a force-deformation relationship of the force element in such a way that the tension force exerted on the textile thread in contact with the deflection element causes a constant thread force in the textile thread for the displacement range of the deflection element.

[0092] In this way, for example, variations in the deformation force of the force element can be additionally compensated by utilizing the transmission mechanics in such a way that the clamping force is preferably constant over the displacement range.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment, the textile machine is a warp knitting machine in which the working area is a knitting area in which the textile fabric is manufactured as a knitted fabric.

[0094] Especially when warp knitting machines are used, comparatively large relative movements of the thread-guiding processing elements in the working area occur, in which the textile threads are advantageously tensioned with only slightly varying or even constant tensioning force by the use of the thread guiding device according to the invention, whereby a high product quality of the textile fabric manufactured as a knitted fabric is achieved.

[0095] According to a second aspect of the invention, a thread guiding device of a textile machine according to the first aspect of the invention is provided.

[0096] The thread guide device designed for use on a textile machine according to the first aspect can be designed according to one of the embodiments described in the context of the textile machine according to the invention.

[0097] In this way, a retrofitting option is provided by which an existing textile machine can be retrofitted with the thread guiding device in a simple and cost-effective manner in order to expand the existing textile machine, among other things, with the above-described advantages of the textile machine according to the first aspect of the invention.

[0098] Further aspects and their advantages as well as more specific embodiments of the aforementioned aspects and features are described below with the aid of the drawings shown in the attached figures.

[0099] Fig. 1A shows a schematic view of a section of a first embodiment of the textile machine according to the invention. Fig. 1B shows a cutout on the deflection element of the first embodiment from Fig. 1A . Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a section of a second embodiment of the textile machine according to the invention. Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a section of a third embodiment of the textile machine according to the invention. Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a section of a fourth embodiment of the textile machine according to the invention. Fig. 5shows a schematic view of a section of a fifth embodiment of the textile machine according to the invention. Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of a section of a sixth embodiment of the textile machine according to the invention. Fig. 7 shows an exemplary course of a force-deformation relationship of a preferred force element for use in the tensioning device of the thread guide device

[0100] It is emphasized that the present invention is in no way limited to the exemplary embodiments described below and their implementation features. The invention further encompasses modifications of the aforementioned exemplary embodiments, in particular those resulting from modifications and / or combinations of individual or multiple features of the described exemplary embodiments within the scope of the independent claims. Detailed character description

[0101] To describe the kinematics of the following examples in the Fig. 1 to 6 Orthogonal, right-handed coordinate systems {x, y, z} are used as examples, in which the first two directions, the x-direction and y-direction, each lie in the plane of the drawing, and the third direction, the z-direction, points orthogonally out of the plane of the drawing (dot notation) or into the plane of the drawing (cross notation). The directional specifications used below, in the form "in the x-direction" or "in the y-direction," for kinematic quantities such as deformations, displacements, and the like, are not intended to limit these quantities to the "positive" direction introduced by the arrow direction, unless otherwise stated, but also to include the opposite "negative" direction.

[0102] Fig. 1A shows a schematic view of a section of a first embodiment of the textile machine 100 according to the invention.

[0103] The textile machine comprises a textile thread storage 1 for providing a textile thread 200, a working area 3 in which the textile thread 200 is processed together with other textile threads not shown here, and a thread guide device 2 guiding the textile thread 200 from the textile thread storage 1 into the working area 3.

[0104] The processing of the textile threads 200 is carried out by processing elements 99 arranged in the working area, of which only one is shown as an example in Fig. 1A is shown. The textile thread 200 emerging from the textile thread storage 1 is fed to the processing element 99 in the working area 3.

[0105] The thread guide device 2 is designed to variably deflect the textile thread 200 into the working area 3 in order to compensate for an excess or shortfall in the textile thread 200 during processing. At the same time, the textile thread 200 deflected by the thread guide device 2 is tensioned with a tension force

[0106] For this purpose, the thread guiding device 2 comprises a deflection element 11 which deflects a textile thread 200 in contact with it, starting from the textile thread store 1 into the working area 3, wherein the deflection element 11 is movably mounted relative to the textile thread store 1 in a displacement range between a first and a second end position in the x-direction shown, a tensioning device 13a which supports the deflection element 11 and exerts a tensioning force on the textile thread 200 in contact with the deflection element 11, and a carrier body 12, indicated schematically here, on which the tensioning device 13a is fastened and which can be mounted on a machine frame, not shown here, of the textile machine 100. Alternatively, the tensioning device 13a can also be mounted directly on the machine frame without a carrier body 12.

[0107] The end positions of the displacement range are in Fig. 1A (as well as in the Fig. 2 to 4) is represented by two separate representations: a representation based on solid lines for the first end position and a representation based on dashed lines for the second end position. The configuration in the second end position is indicated by a dash notation of the respective reference numerals, for example, 200' for the textile thread in the second end position of the deflection element 11'.

[0108] The tensioning device 13a, which exerts a tensioning force on the textile thread 200 in contact with the deflection element 11, comprises a force element 30a that can be deformed by moving the deflection element 11 to provide the tensioning force on the basis of a deformation force of the force element 30a.

[0109] For this purpose, the force element 30a comprises a constant force spring 31, which is connected to the deflection element 11 via a direct transmission 36a. The force element 30a further comprises a fixed-loose bearing for the constant force spring 31, which comprises a fixed bearing 33 and a movable bearing 34 movable along the x-direction shown. The displacement of the deflection element in the x-direction is transferred to the movable movable bearing 34 and thus leads to a deformation of the constant force spring 31.

[0110] A force-deformation relation of the force element 30a is determined in the present case by a force-deformation relation of the constant force spring 31, which itself has a deformation force that is essentially constant over the displacement range of the deflection element 11 (see also Fig. 7 ), so that the textile thread 200 in contact with the deflection element 11 is tensioned by a tension force that does not vary as much as possible.

[0111] The constant force spring 31 is designed as an elastic bending beam, which has an elastic pre-deformation in the form of a deflection in a bending direction (y-direction) that is angled to the direction of displacement (x-direction) of the movable floating bearing 34 (in particular perpendicular to the direction of displacement) over the displacement range of the deflection element 11 and experiences a change in deflection by displacement of the movable floating bearing 34 (compare 31, 31'). Such a mechanical design is simple and cost-effective to implement and enables, for example, the implementation of the Fig. 7 shown force-deformation relation.

[0112] The direct transmission 36a between the force element 30a and the deflection element 11 comprises a connecting element 38 arranged between the movable bearing 34 and the deflection element 11, which is movably mounted in the x-direction shown via a bearing 37. In this way, the deformation force of the force element 30a acting in the x-direction is transmitted to the textile thread 200 as the basis for the tensioning force.

[0113] Furthermore, the clamping device 13a comprises a stop element 35 for the movable floating bearing 34 of the force element 30a, with which a pre-deformation of the force element 30a can be adjusted or ensured. The stop element 35 can be arranged in a fixed position relative to the fixed bearing 33 of the force element 30a. Alternatively, the stop element 35 can also be designed to be displaceable relative to the fixed bearing 33 in order to be able to adjust a pre-deformation of the force element 30a quickly and without major design changes (not shown here).

[0114] Due to the advantageous use of a constant force spring 31 in the force element 30a, there are almost no variations in the portion of the tension force acting in the x-direction, so that the textile thread 200 always experiences the same tension force, at least in the x-direction, even when the deflection element 11 is movably mounted.

[0115] As a result, this leads to a more uniform thread tension and thus to a more uniform stretch of the textile thread 200, which in turn leads to a high product quality of the textile fabric to be manufactured from it

[0116] Fig. 1B shows a cutout on the deflection element 11 of the thread guide device 2 from the first embodiment of the textile machine 100 from Fig. 1A .

[0117] Although the textile thread 200 running over the deflection element 11 is moving, Fig. 1B For the sake of simplicity, only a static analysis of the forces occurring will be carried out.

[0118] Thus, the clamping device 13a acts Fig. 1Athe force components F Sx and F Sy on the deflection element, which are ultimately in equilibrium with the thread force N (normal force in the textile thread 200). The horizontal component F Sx of the tension force is determined by the deformation force of the force element 30a of the tensioning device 13a from Fig. 1A , whereas the vertical component F Sy results from the bearing reaction of the connecting element 37. Friction effects between the textile thread and the deflection element 11 are neglected, and a static state is assumed for the purposes of illustration.

[0119] An entry angle β of the textile thread 200 into the deflection element 11 corresponds, in a simplified and non-limiting manner, to an exit angle β of the textile thread 200 from the deflection element 11 into the working area.

[0120] An evaluation of the force equilibrium in the horizontal x-direction provides the following expression for the thread force N according to equation 6. N = F Sx 2 sin β

[0121] According to the simplified relationship from equation 6, it can be seen that a varying deformation force of the force element 30a would lead to a varying x-component F Sx of the tension force, which directly affects the normal force N in the textile thread 200 and thus leads to an uneven stretching of the same during processing.

[0122] By using a constant force spring 31 in the force element 30a, at least this variation of the component F Sx can be reduced or even completely suppressed, which ultimately leads to a higher product quality of the textile fabric to be manufactured.

[0123] Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a section of a second embodiment of the textile machine 100 according to the invention.

[0124] The basic structure of the textile machine 100 according to the second embodiment corresponds to that of the first embodiment of Fig. 1A, whereby a different embodiment of the tensioning device 13b is used, which differs only in the connection between the force element 30a and the deflection element 11. A further description of the Fig. 1A Analog components are therefore not used.

[0125] In contrast to the first embodiment, the tensioning device 13b comprises a transmission mechanism 36b, which comprises a rotatably mounted transmission element 39, at the end of which the deflection element 11 is fastened and which is connected to the force element 30a via a connecting element 38 movably mounted in the x-direction. The transmission element 39 serves as a lever arm, via which the deformation force acting in the x-direction by the force element 30a can be translated according to the well-known lever law, so that, for example, the tensioning force acting on the textile thread is greater or smaller than the deformation force

[0126] Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a section of a third embodiment of the textile machine 100 according to the invention.

[0127] The textile machine 100 comprises, as in the case of the first two exemplary embodiments, a textile thread storage 1 for providing a textile thread 200, a working area 3 in which the textile thread 200 is processed together with other textile threads not shown here, and a thread guide device 2 guiding the textile thread 200 from the textile thread storage 1 into the working area 3.

[0128] The thread guide device 2 is configured to variably redirect the textile thread 200 into the working area 3 in order to compensate for any excess or shortfall in the textile thread 200 required during processing. At the same time, the textile thread 200 redirected by the thread guide device 2 is tensioned with a tensioning force.

[0129] For this purpose, the thread guiding device 2 comprises a deflection element 11, which deflects a textile thread 200 in contact with it from the textile thread storage 1 into the working area 3, wherein the deflection element 11 is movably mounted relative to the textile thread storage 1 in a displacement range between a first and a second end position in the illustrated x-direction, a tensioning device 13c supporting the deflection element 11, which exerts a tensioning force on the textile thread 200 in contact with the deflection element 11, as well as a carrier body 12, indicated schematically here, on which the tensioning device 13c is fastened and which can be mounted on a machine frame (not shown here) of the textile machine 100

[0130] The tensioning device 13a, which exerts a tensioning force on the textile thread 200 in contact with the deflection element 11, comprises a force element 30b that can be deformed by moving the deflection element 11 to provide the tensioning force on the basis of a deformation force of the force element 30b.

[0131] For this purpose, the force element 30b comprises a first constant force spring 31 and a second constant force spring 32, which are each mounted via a fixed-loose bearing of the force element 30b, wherein each constant force spring 31, 32 is mounted on one side by a separate fixed bearing 33 and the other side is mounted by a common loose bearing 34 which is movable in the x-direction shown. The deflection element 11 is attached directly to the loose bearing 34 arranged between the two constant force springs 31, 32, so that the displacement of the deflection element 11 in the x-direction is transferred directly to the movable loose bearing 34 and leads to deformations of the constant force springs 31, 32.

[0132] The constant force springs 31, 32 are designed here as elastic bending beams, as already described in connection with Fig. 1A which in particular have a deformation range in which the deformation force does not change upon additional deformation.

[0133] A displacement of the deflection element 11 leads here to opposing deformations of the constant force springs 31, 32, so that when the loose bearing 34 is displaced in the negative x-direction, the first constant force spring 31 is compressed (see 31') and the second constant force spring 32 is expanded (see 32') and when the loose bearing 34 is displaced in the positive x-direction, the first constant force spring 31 is expanded and the second constant force spring 32 is compressed.

[0134] A force-deformation relation of the force element 30b is determined in the present case by a superposition of the force-deformation relations of the constant force springs 31, 32, which preferably each have essentially constant individual deformation forces over the displacement range of the deflection element 11 (see also Fig. 7 ), so that the textile thread 200 in contact with the deflection element 11 is tensioned by a tension force that does not vary as much as possible, at least in the x-direction.

[0135] Due to the arrangement shown, the deformation force of the force element 30b results from the difference between the two individual deformation forces of the two constant force springs 31, 32, which acts on the deflection element 11 via the floating bearing 34. In this way, even very small deformation forces of the force element 30b can be provided without having to make the two constant force springs 31, 32 particularly "delicate," which would negatively impact their fatigue strength and susceptibility to vibration.

[0136] Furthermore, the clamping device 13a comprises a stop element 35 for the movable floating bearing 34 of the force element 30b, with which a pre-deformation of the force element 30b can be adjusted or ensured. The stop element 35 can be arranged in a fixed, predetermined position relative to the fixed bearings 33 of the force element 30b. Alternatively, the stop element 35 can also be designed to be displaceable relative to the fixed bearings 33 in order to be able to adjust a pre-deformation of the force element 30b quickly and without major design changes (not shown here).

[0137] Due to the advantageous use of the two constant force springs 31, 32 in the force element 30b, there are almost no variations in the portion of the tension force acting in the x-direction, so that the textile thread always experiences the same tension force, at least in the x-direction, even when the deflection element 11 is movably mounted.

[0138] As a result, this leads to a more uniform thread tension and thus to a more uniform elongation of the textile thread 200, which in turn leads to a high product quality of the textile fabric to be manufactured from it.

[0139] Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a thread guiding device 2 of a fourth embodiment of the textile machine according to the invention.

[0140] The thread guide device 2 is shown in a plan view, so that textile threads 200 running over a deflection element 11 of the thread guide in Fig. 4 shown in a cross-section orthogonal to the thread direction.

[0141] The thread guide device 2 is configured to variably redirect a plurality of textile threads 200 into a working area of ​​the textile machine (not shown here), thereby compensating for an excess or shortfall in the demand for textile threads 200 during processing. At the same time, the textile threads 200 redirected by the thread guide device 2 are tensioned with a tensioning force.

[0142] For this purpose, the thread guiding device 2 comprises a deflection element 11 which deflects the textile threads 200 in contact with it from a textile thread storage device (not shown here) into the working area, wherein the deflection element 11 is movably mounted relative to the textile thread storage device in a displacement range between a first and a second end position in the x-direction shown, a tensioning device 13d which supports the deflection element 11 and exerts a tensioning force on the textile threads 200 in contact with the deflection element 11, and a carrier body 12, indicated schematically here, on which the tensioning device 13d is fastened and which can be mounted on a machine frame (not shown here) of the textile machine.

[0143] The tensioning device 13d, which exerts a tensioning force on the textile thread 200 in contact with the deflection element 11, comprises a force element 30c that can be deformed by moving the deflection element 11 to provide the tensioning force on the basis of a deformation force of the force element 30c.

[0144] For this purpose, the force element 30c comprises at least a first constant force spring 31 and a second constant force spring 32, which are arranged parallel to one another in the y-direction and spaced apart, as well as a respective fixed-loose bearing with the fixed bearings 33 and the movable floating bearings 34. The constant force springs 31, 32 each essentially correspond to the already described in the course of Fig. 1A described constant force spring 31, so that further explanations are omitted here. Although the deflections of the constant force springs 31, 32 in Fig. 4are shown extending in the y-direction, they can also extend in the z-direction or in any other direction orthogonal to the x-direction.

[0145] The parallel arrangement of the constant force springs 31, 32 is to be understood in such a way that connecting lines of the bearing points (fixed bearing 33, floating bearing 34) of the constant force springs 31, 32 run parallel to each other (in the case of Fig. 4 parallel to the x-direction).

[0146] The constant force springs do not necessarily have to be arranged parallel to each other. They can be arranged in an alternative design (see Fig. 5 and 6 ) can also be arranged at an angle to each other so that the connecting lines of the respective bearing points run at an angle to each other.

[0147] The constant force springs 31, 32 are arranged relative to each other in such a way that the constant force springs 31, 32 are jointly compressed or jointly expanded by displacement of the deflection element 11.

[0148] In this way, the thread guide device 2 provides a tensioning device 13d with a force element 30c, which is based on a parallel connection of the two constant force springs 31, 32, so that a deformation force of the force element 30c results as the additive resultant of the individual deformation forces of the first and second constant force springs 31, 32. The parallel connection shown can optionally be expanded by any number of additional constant force springs distributed across the y-direction.

[0149] In this way, a plurality of textile threads 200 can be guided over a common deflection element 11, wherein the force element 30c based on the parallel connection provides the necessary tensioning force for tensioning the textile threads 200 as the sum of the individual deformation forces of the individual constant force springs 31, 32.

[0150] Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of a thread guiding device 2 of a fifth embodiment of the textile machine according to the invention.

[0151] The structure largely corresponds to that of the thread guide device 2 from Fig. 4 , so that a repeated description of the essentially identical components is omitted.

[0152] The tensioning device 13e of the thread guide device 2 from Fig. 5 differs basically only in the force element 30d, which also comprises a first constant force spring 31 and a second constant force spring 32, which, in contrast to the design in Fig. 4 However, they are arranged at an angle to each other, such that in the xy plane the connecting lines of the respective bearing points (fixed bearing 33, loose bearing 34) intersect in their extension, here on the side of the deflection element 11.

[0153] In this way, a triangular arrangement of the two constant force springs 31, 32 of the force element 30d is provided, which in turn has a stiffening effect on the entire force element 30d, such that the said arrangement can reliably prevent the constant force springs 31, 32 from breaking out of the bending plane (plane xy).

[0154] Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of a thread guiding device 2 of a sixth embodiment of the textile machine according to the invention.

[0155] The structure essentially corresponds to that of the thread guide device 2 from Fig. 5, so that a repeated description of the essentially identical components is omitted.

[0156] The tensioning device 13f of the thread guide device 2 from Fig. 6 differs basically only by the force element 30e, which, in contrast to the force element 30d, consists of Fig. 5 an inverted, triangular arrangement of the two constant force springs 31, 32, in which the connecting lines of the respective bearing points (fixed bearing 33, loose bearing 34) intersect in the xy plane in their extension on the side of the force element 13f facing away from the deflection element 11.

[0157] As in the case of the fifth embodiment, the triangular arrangement of the two constant force springs 31, 32 has a stiffening effect on the entire force element 30e.

[0158] Depending on the size ratio of the constant force springs 31, 32 and the deflection element 11, either one or the other triangular arrangement can be made from the Fig. 5 and 6 be advantageous. The arrangement according to Fig. 5 if a comparatively small deflection element 11 is used, whereas the arrangement in Fig. 6 for example, is advantageous in the case of a comparatively large deflection element 11.

[0159] Fig. 7 shows an exemplary course of a force-deformation relationship of a preferred force element for use in the tensioning device of the thread guide device, for example of one of the force elements 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e of the above-described embodiments in the Fig. 1A , 2 to 6 .

[0160] The Fig. 7 The curve shown shows the deformation force F of the force element over a deformation x, which can be understood, for example, as a displacement of a point of the force element, for example as a displacement of the movable bearing 34 in Fig. 1A or 2 to 6in the x-direction.

[0161] For simplification, it is assumed below that the deformation x of the force element and the displacement of the deflection element according to the embodiment from Fig. 1A be the same, i.e. there is no intermediate translation mechanism.

[0162] The deformation of the force element ranges from the undeformed, force-free state at x=x 0 through the deformation x=x 1 corresponding to the first end position of the deflection element to the deformation x=x 2 corresponding to the second end position of the deflection element, whereby the entire deformation range is reversible, so that no permanent deformations are caused.

[0163] Starting from the undeformed state at x=x 0 with F=F 0 (usually with F 0 =0 N), the force element shows an increase in the deformation force F that is linearly dependent on the deformation x, until from x=x* the constant force range is reached, in which a change in the deformation x essentially no longer causes a change in the deformation force F and thus causes a smaller variation in the tension force for tensioning the textile thread.

[0164] Particularly advantageously, during use in the tensioning device of the thread guiding device according to the invention during the production of a textile fabric, the force element is deformed only in the said constant force range, for which purpose the force element is subjected to a corresponding pre-deformation. The deformation x 1 corresponding to the first end position of the deflection element can be equal to x*, but should not be limited to this. Preferably, x 1 lies within the constant force range, which, based on the illustrated curve, would correspond to x 1 > x*. This maintains a safety margin from the linear range, so that deformation in this range can be reliably excluded during operation.

[0165] Such force-deformation relations, as in Fig. 7shown, can be found in particular in the force elements described above based on constant force springs, which are designed as initially deformed buckling bars and, starting from there, as bending beams, do not experience any changes in the deformation force with increasing deflection.

[0166] It is noted that a force-deformation relation of the force element is in no way limited to the Fig. 7 shown curve should be limited. Thus, in an alternative version, the curve can be in the range x 0 to x* instead of the Fig. 7 shown increasing force curve also have a decreasing force curve until reaching F 1 , F 2 , with the deformation force F 1 of the force element at the first end position and the deformation force F 2 of the force element at the second end position of the deflection element.

[0167] Embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying figures.

[0168] Finally, it is emphasized again that the present invention is in no way limited to the exemplary embodiments described above and their embodiment features. The invention further comprises modifications of the aforementioned exemplary embodiments, in particular those which result from modifications and / or combinations of individual or multiple features of the described exemplary embodiments within the scope of protection of the independent claims. List of reference symbols

[0169] 1Textile thread storage 2Thread guide device 3Working area 11Deflection element 12Support body 13a-fTensioning device 30a-eForce element 31First constant force spring 32Second constant force spring 33Fixed bearing 34Movable bearing 35Stop element 36aDirect transmission 36bTransmission mechanism 37Bearing 38Connecting element 39Transmission element 99Processing element 100Textile machine 200Textile thread (...)'Line notation for configuration in second end position of the deflection element

Claims

1. Thread guiding device (2) for guiding a textile thread (200) from a textile thread store (1) of a textile machine (100) under tension to a working region (3) of the textile machine (100), comprising: - a deflection element (11) which can be brought into contact with a textile thread (200) emanating from the textile thread store (1) and via which the textile thread (200) can be deflected into the working region (3), wherein the deflection element (11) is mounted movably relative to the textile thread store (1) in a displacement range between a first and a second end position; and - a tensioning device (13a; 13b; 13c; 13d; 13e; 13f) which mounts the deflection element (11) and is configured to exert a tensioning force on a textile thread (200) in contact with the deflection element (11) and for this purpose comprises a force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) which can be deformed via a displacement of the deflection element (11), wherein the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) comprises at least one first elastic spring element (31) which is deformed via a displacement, dependent on the displacement of the deflection element (11), of a displacement point (34) of the first spring element (31) along a displacement direction, wherein the first spring element (31) is a spring element with a degressive force-deformation relationship or a constant-force spring, and wherein a ratio of a deformation force, averaged over the displacement range of the deflection element (11), of the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) to the deformation force of the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) in the first or in the second end position of the deflection element (11) is 0.8 to 1.2.

2. Thread guiding device (2) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) of the tensioning device (13a; 13b; 13c; 13d; 13e; 13f) is configured in such a way that a ratio of a deformation force, occurring at a maximum over the displacement range of the deflection element (11), of the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) to a deformation force, occurring at a minimum over the displacement range of the deflection element (11), of the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) is 1 to 1.2.

3. Thread guiding device (2) according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) of the tensioning device (13a; 13b; 13c; 13d; 13e; 13f) is configured in such a way that an absolute value of a rate of change, averaged over the displacement range of the deflection element (11), of the deformation force of the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) is less than or equal to 1,500 N / m.

4. Thread guiding device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) of the tensioning device (13a; 13b; 13c; 13d; 13e; 13f) is configured in such a way that its deformation force is constant over the displacement range of the deflection element (11).

5. Thread guiding device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) of the tensioning device (13a; 13b; 13c; 13d; 13e; 13f) is configured in such a way that the tensioning force, exerted on the textile thread (200) in contact with the deflection element (11), for the displacement range of the deflection element (11) brings about a thread force in the textile thread (200) of 0 to 1 N.

6. Thread guiding device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force element (30b) comprises a second elastic spring element (32) which is arranged relative to the first spring element (31) in such a way that, by displacement of the deflection element (11), the first spring element (31) is compressed and the second spring element (32) is expanded or the first spring element (31) is expanded and the second spring element (32) is compressed.

7. Thread guiding device (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the force element (30c; 30d; 30e) comprises a second elastic spring element (32) which is arranged relative to the first spring element (31) in such a way that the first and the second spring element (31, 32) are compressed or expanded jointly by displacement of the deflection element (11).

8. Thread guiding device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning device (13a; 13b; 13c; 13d; 13e; 13f) furthermore comprises an adjustment element (35) via which an initial deformation state of the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) can be adjusted when no textile thread (200) is in contact with the deflection element (11).

9. Thread guiding device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the first spring element (31) of the force element (30a; 30b; 30c; 30d; 30e) is designed as an elastic bending bar which, over the displacement range of the deflection element (11), has an elastic pre-deformation in the form of a deflection in a bending direction at an angle to the displacement direction of the displacement point (34) of the first spring element (31) and, by displacement of the displacement point (34) of the first spring element (31), experiences a change in the deflection.

10. Thread guiding device (2) according to Claim 9, characterized in that a longitudinal extent of the elastic bending bar along a centre line of the elastic bending bar is greater than cross-sectional extents of the elastic bending bar in a cross section perpendicular to the centre line, wherein a cross-sectional extent along the bending direction is smaller than a cross-sectional extent along a direction orthogonal to the bending direction.

11. Thread guiding device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning device (13b) comprises a transmission mechanism (36b) which is arranged between the force element (30a) and the deflection element (11) and via which a transmission ratio between a displacement of the deflection element (11) and a deformation of the force element (30a) is fixed.

12. Thread guiding device (2) according to Claim 11, characterized in that the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism (36b) is matched to a force-deformation relationship of the force element (30a) in such a way that the tensioning force, exerted on the textile thread (200) in contact with the deflection element (11), for the displacement range of the deflection element (11) brings about a constant thread force in the textile thread (200).

13. Textile machine (100) for producing textile fabrics, comprising: - a textile thread store (1); - a working region (3) in which the textile machine (100) processes textile threads (200) from the textile thread store (1); and - a thread guiding device (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 12, via which a textile thread (200) is guided from the textile thread store (1) under tension to the working region (3).

14. Textile machine (100) according to Claim 13, characterized in that the textile machine (100) is a warp knitting machine in which the working region (3) is a knitting region in which the textile fabric is produced as a knitted fabric.

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