Apparatus for separating feed material

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus (1) for separating feed material (2) for separating a first fraction (3) comprising moist, slippery, slimy, kneadable, dough-like, cohesive and / or tough soils and / or ground materials, preferably clay-containing or clay-like adherent materials, further preferably intended for use in a quarry, with a plurality of rotary elements (4) in the form of helical elements, wherein a rotary element (4) has a shaft (5) and at least one helix (6) that spirals around the shaft (5). According to the invention, at least one entrainment element (8) that is located on the outer surface (7) of the shaft (5) and projects from the outer surface (7) of the shaft (5) is provided for entraining and / or separating the first fraction (3).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device for separating feed material to separate a first fraction comprising moist, slippery, slimy, kneadable, dough-like, cohesive, and / or tough soils and / or soil materials, preferably clay-containing or clay-like deposits, more preferably intended for use in a quarry. The device comprises a plurality of rotating elements designed as screw flights.

[0002] The invention relates in particular to the technical field of sorting and / or classifying feed material, especially in the field of waste separation. A clean and sufficiently precise separation of the feed material into different fractions makes it possible to directly utilize different fractions of the feed material or to subject them to different post-treatment processes. For example, large and / or elongated pieces can be separated from smaller particles or components of the feed material.

[0003] In the context of the invention, the term "separation" includes both classification and sorting. Classification is understood to be a mechanical separation process for solid mixtures, whereby different geometric characteristics, for example size, are utilized for the separation process. This can result in a division into coarse and fine material, among other things. Sorting in this context is understood to be a mechanical separation process in which a solid mixture with different material characteristics is divided into fractions with the same material characteristics. Suitable factors for sorting include the density, color, shape, wettability or magnetizability of the feed material. Accordingly, the term separation in the present invention encompasses a division of the feed material so that it can be divided into different fractions. This separation orSeparation is used to process recycled material or to classify at least substantially solid material.

[0004] A disadvantage of the separation devices known from the state of the art is that they only ensure a limited to at best adequate separation of the feed material, which consists, for example, of stones, especially limestone, with clay deposits. A separation device used in this field according to the state of the art is generally not designed to sufficiently separate or separate the clay deposits from the stone surface.

[0005] Even with other tough soil materials that adhere to larger components, the known separation device cannot adequately separate these adhesions. This requires the use of additional equipment to separate such adhesions, and the entire process, especially in a quarry, is very complex and costly to obtain a cleanly separated fraction with large components, such as stones, that are at least essentially free of adhesions.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art or at least to substantially reduce them.

[0007] The document DE 10 2018 108511 A1 discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0008] The above object is achieved by a device for separating feed material according to claim 1.

[0009] The device according to the invention for separating feed material is intended for separating a first fraction and is preferably used in a quarry. The first fraction is formed by moist, slippery, slimy, kneadable, dough-like, cohesive and / or tough soils and / or soil materials, in particular clayey adhesions. The first fraction can adhere to a second or further fraction before being fed to the device and be separated from the further fraction by the device. The further fraction can then also be separated via the device. The further fraction is preferably composed of large-format components, such as stones. The first fraction can then in particular represent adhesions to the further fraction.

[0010] According to the invention, the device comprises a plurality of rotating elements designed as screw flights, wherein a rotating element comprises a shaft and at least one flight running spirally around the shaft.

[0011] According to the invention, it is provided that - in addition to the helix - at least one arranged on the outer surface of the shaft and from the outer surface of the

[0012] A driving element protruding from the shaft is provided for driving and / or separating the first fraction.

[0013] The inventive entraining element, which is provided independently of or in addition to the screw flight on the shaft, ensures that the first fraction can be predominantly separated from the feed material. The entraining element thus represents an additional means for capturing the first fraction and enabling intervention into the further fraction transported via the rotating elements or via the screen deck formed by the rotating elements.

[0014] The drive elements according to the invention ultimately result in the first fraction being pulled through the spaces between the rotating elements and / or being squeezed through or drawn into the spaces. Functionally, this can be compared to a pasta machine, where the material is pressed or forced through a corresponding space. The drive elements ensure that, in addition to the helix, another means is arranged on the shaft that can contribute to the separation of the first fraction.

[0015] According to the invention, it is particularly possible to drastically simplify lime extraction in a quarry. In practice, clay inclusions are regularly present in limestone, which must be separated during limestone mining. Such separation is now made possible by the separation device according to the invention. For this purpose, a feed hopper and / or a conveyor device can be arranged upstream of the screen deck, which feeds the feed material to the separation device. The separation then takes place into two fractions, namely on the upper side of the screen deck, which can serve to separate the further fraction, which may be formed by stones or the like, and on the lower side of the screen deck, whereby the clay-containing materials can be separated on the lower side, in particular as separation grains.

[0016] In particular, the separation of fractions is not based on density, but rather also on the viscosity of the material, especially hard and soft. The soft material, which is particularly cohesive soil, can be guided through the space between the rotating elements by the engagement and movement of the drive elements, and thus ultimately separated as undersize.

[0017] Preferably, the rotating elements rotate at between 50 and 200 rpm, in particular at approximately 100 rpm + / - 20%.

[0018] It is preferably provided that the driving element extends at least substantially in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, particularly preferably at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the shaft or at an acute angle thereto, on the outer surface of the shaft. The driving element can be designed in such a way that improved engagement with the adhering first fraction can be ensured. By extending at least substantially in the longitudinal direction (which also includes an oblique arrangement at an acute angle of less than 20° in relation to the longitudinal direction), it can be ensured that this engagement can also take place in the direction of conveying for the further fraction or along the longitudinal direction of the rotating elements. Ultimately, the screw flights determine a conveying direction from one front end of the rotating elements to the other front end by rotating the rotating elements.This conveying direction also runs, in particular, at least substantially in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, preferably parallel to it, so that the arrangement of the carrier element at least substantially in the longitudinal direction of the shaft is also advantageous with regard to the conveying direction of the further fraction. The first fraction is to be separated from the further fraction, which is transported along the conveying direction. Thus, intervention via the carrier element can be particularly advantageously achieved, in particular, over a large transport path in the conveying direction for the further fraction.

[0019] In a further preferred embodiment, at least one separate driver element is arranged between adjacent turns of the coil. In particular, a plurality of separate driver elements can also be arranged between the same pair of adjacent turns and / or between further adjacent turns. In this context, it is understood that a separate driver element is arranged in particular between immediately adjacent turns of the coil. The driver element can particularly preferably at least substantially bridge the distance between the adjacent turns.

[0020] Preferably, between 2 and 10, preferably 3 and 5, drive elements, in particular at least substantially equally spaced, are arranged between two immediately adjacent windings in the circumferential direction—thus, in particular, encircling the shaft by 360°. During the development of the invention, it was determined in tests conducted that, in particular, between 3 and 5 drive elements, spaced from one another, preferably equally spaced, around the circumference of the shaft, are particularly advantageous and ensure good intake of the first fraction.

[0021] It is particularly preferred that a plurality of driving elements are arranged between each pair of immediately adjacent turns, so that a plurality of driving elements can be provided over the entire longitudinal direction of the shaft.

[0022] In this context, the plurality of entrainment elements between two directly adjacent windings ensures that, even during rotation of the rotating element, the first fraction is consistently entrained for separation, particularly for detaching a component adhering to the other fraction. Otherwise, uneven separation behavior could result.

[0023] However, it is also possible to arrange only one carrier element between two adjacent windings. Even then, the advantageous carrier effect for the first fraction still exists.

[0024] In a further particularly preferred embodiment, at least one pair of separate driving elements arranged directly one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the shaft are offset from one another. Such an offset results in particular from the next immediately adjacent separate driving element. It can also be provided that a plurality of separate driving elements are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, which are then all offset from one another. This offset can be transverse to the longitudinal direction of the shaft, in particular between 1 mm and 80 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 30 mm and in particular 20 mm + / - 5 mm. Such an offset offers the advantage that a homogenization of the torque reduction per revolution of the screw flight or of the rotating element can be ensured during operation.Accordingly, the offset arrangement can in particular achieve an at least substantially uniform separation behavior for the first fraction, preferably along the conveying direction of the rotating elements, which separation behavior is preferably adapted with regard to the rotation of the rotating elements.

[0025] In this context, it is also particularly advantageous if, as previously explained, a plurality of separate drive elements are provided circumferentially around the circumference of the shaft. Particularly preferably, a plurality, in particular all, of the separate drive elements immediately adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (i.e., the drive elements that are closest to one another) are arranged offset from one another, preferably in such a way that a stepped structure results. This stepped structure can preferably be monotonously ascending or descending (depending on the viewing direction).

[0026] Preferably, the driving element is designed in the shape of an arc segment in cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the shaft, at least in some regions at the end. Particularly preferably, the cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the shaft of the driving element can be designed in particular as a circular arc segment. Such a design results in particular from the application of the driving element, which is applied in particular in the liquid state. The driving element can be applied in particular in the liquid state to the already manufactured shaft as a build-up weld. Such a structure of the driving elements enables effective engagement with the first fraction for its separation upon rotation of the rotating element and also enables permanent use of the driving element, so that preferably sharp edges, which could otherwise be subject to high wear, can be at least essentially reliably avoided.

[0027] Alternatively or additionally, the driving element can be designed as a linear and / or bead-shaped elevation, particularly continuous and / or uninterrupted in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, between two adjacent spiral sections. Such a continuous design is understood in particular to mean that each separate driving element is particularly preferably designed to be uninterrupted, but in particular, a plurality of driving elements can be provided distributed along the longitudinal direction of the shaft.

[0028] In an alternative or additional preferred embodiment, the carrier element can also be designed as a strip-shaped web. This web can, in particular, be designed as a separately handleable component that already has the appropriate shape prior to its manufacture and can be subsequently applied to the shaft. Thus, the carrier element can also be designed as a separate strip-shaped component instead of a build-up weld. Ultimately, the carrier element serves to provide an additional component on the shaft for carrying the first fraction.

[0029] The entraining element preferably has a thickness of at least 1 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 15 mm, more preferably from 2 mm to 6 mm. In particular, the thickness, preferably the maximum thickness, is 3 mm + / - 0.5 mm. The thickness of the entraining element, in particular the maximum thickness of the entraining element, can preferably be less than the web height of the helix and in particular less than 10% of the web height of the helix, preferably less than 5% of the web height of the helix. The entraining element thus serves to entrain components of the first fraction that lie directly on the outer surface of the shaft.

[0030] In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the driving element is connected to the shaft in a materially bonded and / or non-positively bonded and / or positively bonded manner. Particularly preferably, the driving element is only materially bonded, preferably by welding, to the outer surface of the shaft. In a further, likewise preferred embodiment, a non-positive and / or positively bonded connection can be provided as an alternative or in addition to a material bond between the driving element and the outer surface of the shaft. In this embodiment, the driving element is designed in particular as a preferably web-shaped strip or the like, which can be connected to the outer surface of the shaft via appropriate connecting means.The advantage of such a design is that a detachable arrangement of the driving element can be provided on the outer surface, so that in case of wear of the driving element, in particular, a corresponding replacement can be carried out.

[0031] The driving element is preferably made of wear-resistant steel, preferably with a grade of 300 HB to 600 HB, especially 600 HB. Wear-resistant steels of the aforementioned type are characterized in particular by their high abrasion properties and ensure long-term, low-wear use of the driving element.

[0032] Particularly preferably, the carrier element is designed as a build-up weld and / or armor plating, in particular as a build-up weld seam and / or armor seam. With such a design, it can be provided that, in the event of wear on the carrier element, a new application of the carrier element can be made possible. Furthermore, the build-up weld and / or armor plating provides a carrier element that can withstand high mechanical forces and is particularly resistant to wear.

[0033] Furthermore, it is preferred that the helix has a constant helix pitch over its length. In particular, the helixes of all rotation elements have a constant, in particular at least substantially the same, helix pitch. However, the helixes of the rotation elements can be designed differently. Thus, in particular, two groups of rotation elements can be provided, which preferably differ in the direction of their helixes, as will be explained below with regard to the left-handed and right-handed arrangement of the rotation elements.

[0034] Furthermore, preferably between 3 and 20, in particular between 4 and 10, rotation elements are provided. The rotation elements are arranged adjacent to one another. It is preferred that the spirals of immediately adjacent rotation elements interlock and / or mesh with one another. In particular, in a meshing arrangement, a distance is also provided between the upper edge of the spiral and the immediately adjacent shaft of the adjacent rotation element. This distance can, in particular, indicate the separation grain size and is preferably a few millimeters.

[0035] Preferably, the rotating elements are arranged and / or mounted in such a way that they form a trough-shaped and / or curved screen deck that is recessed toward the center. It is particularly preferred that such an arrangement allows the feed material to remain, in particular, in the recessed trough area of ​​the screen deck when being fed in and to be conveyed preferably along the conveying direction.

[0036] It is particularly advantageous if at least two directly adjacent rotational elements are arranged anticlockwise and at least two further directly adjacent rotational elements are arranged clockwise. In such an embodiment, it is understood that the helices of the anticlockwise and clockwise rotational elements can be designed differently, namely, in particular, can have different directions of rotation. Preferably, the anticlockwise and clockwise rotational elements can nevertheless have the same helix pitch. In particular, the anticlockwise and clockwise rotational elements are arranged such that preferably two groups of rotational elements are provided, namely, one group of adjacent rotational elements that are anticlockwise and another group of adjacent rotational elements that are arranged clockwise.The groups can meet, in particular, in the trough of a preferably curved screen deck, so that the left-hand and right-hand rotating elements are particularly preferably arranged so that they each rotate toward the center, thus leading, in particular, to the conveyance of the feed material into the central area of ​​the screen deck. Accordingly, such an arrangement can increase the residence time of the feed material on the screen deck and, in particular, lead to efficient separation of the first fraction.

[0037] In a further preferred embodiment, an adjustment device is provided for adjusting the angle of inclination of the screen deck from the feed end to the discharge end. The adjustment device can, in particular, be designed such that the inclination of the screen deck relative to the subsoil can be varied between 0° and 40°, preferably between 0.1° and 30°. By adjusting the inclination of the screen deck, adaptation to different feed materials can also be achieved. It can therefore be advantageous that different inclinations relative to the subsoil are better suited for different feed materials, particularly with regard to the heavy components of the second fraction that are subject to gravitational force.The residence time of the feed material on the screen deck can also be increased or reduced by an adjustable inclination, in particular by a greater inclination, especially depending on the desired separation efficiency of the first fraction.

[0038] Advantageously, the rotating elements forming the screen deck are arranged and designed such that the feed material can be separated into at least two fractions, with the first fraction being separable below the rotating elements and a further fraction being discharged above the screen deck, in particular via the discharge end of the rotating element. The second fraction can be discharged in particular via the front end of the rotating elements.

[0039] Appropriate conveying devices can also be provided for removing the first or second or further fractions. As previously explained, a conveying device, such as a feed hopper and / or a conveyor belt or the like, can also be used to feed the feed material.

[0040] Particularly preferably, the device is designed to be mobile. It can have a chassis, in particular a crawler chassis, with which the device can be driven or moved to different locations.

[0041] Preferably, a further driving element is arranged in the region of the feed end of the rotating element - in particular accordingly outside the helix. The further driving element can be arranged in particular in the region of the end of the rotating element facing the bearing and / or at the feed end of the rotating element, in particular behind a wall that protects the feed end from the feed material. The further driving element can then be provided so that any components of the feed material that may reach this area can be conveyed back into the area of ​​the screen deck or below the rotating elements. For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous if the further driving element is arranged obliquely, in particular at an angle between 4° and 30°, more preferably between 5° and 20° and in particular of 15° + / - 3°, to the longitudinal direction of the shaft.The further driving element can also be designed as a weld, in particular a build-up weld and / or armoring, in particular a build-up weld seam or armoring seam.

[0042] Further preferably, a wear element can be arranged on the upper edge of the helix, at least in some regions, preferably over the entire surface, and in particular can extend at least substantially over the entire length of the helix. The wear element can preferably also be designed as a build-up weld and / or armor plating or build-up weld seam or armor seam. The further wear element can protect the helix from mechanical stress or the like. The thickness of the wear element can be between 1 and 10 mm, preferably between 3 and 7 mm and in particular 3 mm + / - 20%. The wear element thus leads to long-term use of the helix, without the need to replace the helix due to wear on the upper edge. The wear element can also be replaced as needed in order to be able to use the rotation element for a longer period of time.

[0043] In a further preferred embodiment, a retaining means is provided, which is preferably designed as a plate. In particular, the retaining means is designed and arranged such that the residence time of the feed material on the screen deck can be increased or lengthened, which preferably leads to improved separation of the first fraction. For this purpose, the retaining means is arranged in particular at the discharge end of the central rotating elements and in particular prevents premature discharge of the further fraction in this area. For this purpose, the retaining means is preferably arranged adjacent to the rotating elements. In particular, the retaining means extends only over part of the width of the screen deck and is particularly preferably arranged in the trough depression of a curved screen deck.

[0044] Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of a device of the aforementioned type for separating feed material for separating a clayey soil in a quarry.

[0045] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for separating feed material using a device of the aforementioned type, wherein a first fraction comprising moist, slippery, slimy, kneadable, dough-like, cohesive, and / or tough soils and / or soil materials is separated. In particular, clay-containing or clay-like adhesions are provided as the first fraction. The rotating elements of the device rotate during operation, with the entraining elements entraining and / or separating the first fraction.

[0046] It is understood that with regard to particular advantages of the method according to the invention and / or the aforementioned use according to the invention, reference may be made to the aforementioned statements regarding the device, which may equally apply to the use and / or the method. The statements regarding the use and / or the method may also apply to the device—without the need for further explicit explanation in this regard.

[0047] The method according to the invention is particularly advantageous in a quarry, since it ultimately makes it possible to separate clay-containing deposits from stones and / or large-sized components, in particular limestone.

[0048] The method according to the invention provides that the feed material can be fed onto the screen deck formed by the rotating elements. By rotating the rotating elements, the feed material can then be conveyed in the conveying direction of the rotating elements. At the same time, this conveying action also allows the entraining elements to engage the first fraction, which can be separated underneath the rotating elements. The remaining fraction can then be discharged via the front end of the rotating elements opposite the feed end. The remaining fraction can consist of stones or large-format components that are larger than the gaps formed between the rotating elements or larger than the separation grain size.The components of the first fraction are smaller than the separation grain size, but can only be reliably separated by the device according to the invention, since otherwise they would adhere to the further fraction due to their viscosity and adhesive properties.

[0049] Thus, the process according to the invention enables a reliable separation of the clayey and / or cohesive soils, which can drastically simplify the entire process sequence in lime extraction.

[0050] Furthermore, it is expressly pointed out that all the intervals mentioned above and below include all intermediate intervals and individual values ​​contained therein and that these intermediate intervals and individual values ​​are to be regarded as essential to the invention, even if these intermediate intervals or individual values ​​are not specifically specified in detail.

[0051] Further features, advantages and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings and the drawings themselves. All described and / or illustrated features, individually or in any combination, form the subject matter of the present invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or their reference back to them.

[0052] It shows: Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a device according to the invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the Fig. 1 shown device, Fig. 3 a schematic side view of the in Fig. 1 shown device, Fig. 4 a schematic perspective view of a rotation element, Fig. 5 a schematic side view of the in Fig. 4 shown rotation element, Fig. 6 a schematic detailed view of detail VI from Fig. 5 , Fig. 7 a schematic detail view of detail VII from Fig. 5 , Fig. 8 a schematic cross-sectional view of the Fig. 4 shown rotation element, Fig. 9 a schematic detailed view of detail IX from Fig. 8 , Fig. 10 a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a rotation element, Fig. 11 a schematic perspective view of the Fig. 10 shown rotation element, Fig. 12 a schematic representation of the detail XII from Fig. 11 , Fig. 13 a schematic representation of detail XIII from Fig. 11 , Fig. 14 a schematic cross-sectional view of the Fig. 11 shown rotation element, Fig. 15 a schematic detailed view of detail XV from Fig. 14 , Fig. 16 a schematic perspective view of a screen deck according to the invention, Fig. 17 a schematic plan view of the Fig. 16 shown screen deck, Fig. 18 a schematic side view of the Fig. 16 shown screen deck and Fig. 19 a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a rotary element.

[0053] Fig. 1 shows a device 1 for separating feed material 2 for separating a first fraction 3. In the Fig. 1 In the illustrated embodiment, fraction 3 is separated below device 1. The first fraction 3 is formed by moist, slippery, slimy, kneadable, dough-like, cohesive, and / or tough soils and / or soil materials. In particular, the first fraction 3 has clay-containing or clay-like adhesions. Device 1 can further be designed to separate a further fraction 22. The further fraction 22 can comprise large-format components, in particular stones. The first fraction can, in particular when fed onto device 1, be formed as an adhesion to components of the further fraction 22.

[0054] The device 1 is used in particular in a quarry.

[0055] The Fig. 1 further shows that the device 1 has a plurality of rotating elements 4 designed as screw flights. A rotating element 4 has a shaft 5 and at least one helix 6 extending spirally around the shaft 5, as is described in more detail in the Fig. 5 and 11 is shown. The Fig. 5 and 11 show different embodiments of the rotation elements 4 as they can be used in a device 1. In particular, two different groups or types of rotation elements 4 are used in a device 1, as will be explained below.

[0056] The further fraction 22 can be separated in particular above the screen deck 14 formed by the rotating elements 4, preferably via the end of the rotating elements 4 opposite the feed end, as is shown for example in the Fig. 16 The first fraction 3 can also be separated through the space between the rotating elements 4 - and thus below the screen deck 14.

[0057] In Fig. 4 It is shown that on the outer surface 7 of the shaft 5, a driving element 8 protruding from the outer surface 7 of the shaft 5 is arranged or provided on this outer surface 7 for driving and / or separating the first fraction 3. Such a driving element 8 is also provided in the further embodiment of the rotary element 4, as shown in Fig. 11 is presented in more detail.

[0058] The driving element 8 is in the Fig. 1 bis 18 schematically as a dashed line or as an armor seam (see Fig. 6 und 7 as well as Fig. 12 und 13 ). This was done for visualization purposes and does not correspond to the actual design of the driving element 8, particularly as a weld seam. The same applies to the additional driving element 15, which will be discussed below.

[0059] The entraining element 8 is thus designed such that it can pull or convey the first fraction 3 through the gap between immediately adjacent rotating elements 4 of the screen deck 14, in particular by engaging the first fraction 3, which is formed in particular by adhesions to components of the further fraction 22. The entraining element 8 is particularly advantageously provided for the removal of clay-containing or clay-like components. These can then be guided through the free areas between the adjacent rotating elements 4. Fig. 4 and 11show that the driving element 8 extends at least substantially in the longitudinal direction L of the shaft 5. The extension can run at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the shaft 5 or at an acute angle thereto.

[0060] In Fig. 4 It is shown that a plurality of drive elements 8 are provided. The drive elements 8 can be arranged such that they form a continuous line—interrupted by the helix 6—in the longitudinal direction L of the shaft 5. This line can be monotonically increasing and can be created, in particular, by separate drive elements 8 that are offset from one another, as will be explained below.

[0061] The Fig. 4 that a separate driving element 8 is arranged between each adjacent winding 9 of the helix 6. A winding 9 of the helix 6 extends in particular 360° circumferentially over the outer surface 7 of the shaft 5. The distance 10 between adjacent windings 9 can be bridged by the driving element 8, which is in particular continuous or uninterrupted. In particular, between 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 5, driving elements 8 are arranged, preferably at least substantially equally spaced in the circumferential direction, between adjacent windings 9 on the outer surface 7 of the shaft 5. In the illustrated embodiment, four driving elements 8 are arranged around the outer circumference of the shaft 5 in the area between two adjacent windings 9.In this context, it is understood that the helix 6 is continuous, thus resulting in different arrangements of the drive elements 8 at different positions of the rotating element 4. Preferably, four drive elements 8 are arranged around the circumference—i.e., 360°—of the shaft 5 in each free area between the turns 9, resulting in a plurality of separate drive elements 8 over the length of the rotating element 4.

[0062] In Fig. 11 It is shown that at least one pair of separate driving elements 8 arranged directly one behind the other in the longitudinal direction L of the shaft 5 - namely the ones arranged closest to each other or immediately adjacent to each other - are arranged offset from each other. This offset 11 is shown in Fig. 12 shown in more detail and is transverse to the longitudinal direction L of the shaft 5 in particular between 10 mm and 30 mm. In addition, a plurality, in the Fig. 11 In the illustrated embodiment, all immediately adjacent carrier elements 8 - namely, in relation to the longitudinal direction L of the shaft 5, the immediately and closest carrier elements 8 - are arranged offset from one another, preferably in such a way that a stepped structure results. The stepped structure can differ according to the design of the helix 5, which can be seen when comparing the Fig. 5 and 11 becomes clear. The staircase structure can be monotonically ascending—i.e., monotonically ascending or descending depending on the viewing direction.

[0063] Fig. 19 shows that the driving element 8 in the cross section transverse to the longitudinal direction L of the shaft 5 is formed at least partially in the form of an arcuate segment at the end or has a circular arc segment-shaped structure in the cross section transverse to the longitudinal direction L of the shaft 5. In particular, the driving element 8 has no sharp corners or the like. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the driving element 8 is formed as a continuous and / or uninterrupted linear and / or bead-shaped elevation in the longitudinal direction L of the shaft 5, as is the case with Fig. 4 in more detail.

[0064] It is not shown that the driving element 8 can also be designed as a strip-shaped web, which can in particular be provided independently of the shaft 5 and can be connected to the shaft 5 in a form-fitting and / or friction-fitting and / or material-fitting manner.

[0065] The driving element 8 can have a thickness 12 of at least 1 mm and in particular between 2 and 6 mm. The maximum thickness 12 of the driving element 8 can be less than the web height 13 of the helix 6. In particular, the driving element 8 does not strike the outer surface 7 of an adjacent rotating element 4 or the adjacent shaft 5, but rather a sufficiently large distance is provided from it. The distance between the upper edge of the helix 6 and the adjacent outer surface 7 of the adjacent helix 6 can be only a few millimeters.

[0066] As previously explained, the driving element 8 can be connected to the shaft 5 in a materially bonded and / or force-locked and / or form-locked manner, in particular depending on the design of the driving element 8.

[0067] In the Fig. 4 In the embodiment shown, it is provided that the driving element 8 is made of wear-resistant steel, in particular with a grade of 600 HB. Furthermore, the driving element 8 in the Fig. 4 The embodiment shown is designed as a build-up weld or armor plating, namely as a build-up weld seam and / or armor seam.

[0068] Furthermore, the Fig. 4 and 11 that the helix 6 has a constant helix pitch over its length.

[0069] The rotation elements 4 can preferably be elastically mounted at both ends, as is the case with Fig. 1 In addition, between 3 and 20, preferably between 4 and 10 rotation elements 4 can be provided, as also shown in the Fig. 1 The rotating elements 4 can be arranged and mounted in such a way that they form a trough-shaped or curved screen deck 14 that is recessed towards the center. Not shown in detail is the fact that an adjustment device is provided for adjusting the angle of inclination of the screen deck 14 from the feed end to the discharge end, wherein the adjustment device is designed such that the inclination of the screen deck 14 relative to the subsoil can be changed between 0.1° and 30°. Such a change can be made to adapt to different feed materials 2.

[0070] The Fig. 4 and 10 differ in that left-handed and right-handed rotation elements 4 are shown. The Fig. 4 corresponding Fig. 5 bis 9 show the left-handed arrangement and the Fig. 11 bis 14 , which leads to the Fig. 10 correspond, the clockwise arrangement. In the screening deck 14, the rotation elements 4 can be arranged such that they each rotate towards the center, so that the feed material 2 can be conveyed into the recessed area of ​​the trough of the screening deck 14. For this purpose, two groups of rotation elements 4 can be provided, which are designed to be either anti-clockwise or clockwise. The design as a left-handed or right-handed rotation element 4 can be selected depending on the arrangement and the direction pointing towards the depression of the trough. Thus, directly adjacent rotation elements 4 can be anti-clockwise and further directly adjacent rotation elements 4 can be clockwise, whereby the rotation elements 4 which meet in the depression of the trough and are directly adjacent to one another can be either left-handed or right-handed.

[0071] The coils 6 of immediately adjacent rotation elements 4 can interlock or mesh with each other.

[0072] As previously explained, the rotating elements 4 forming the screening deck 14 are arranged and designed such that the feed material 2 is separated into at least two fractions, wherein the first fraction can be separated below the rotating elements 4 and a further fraction 22 can be discharged above the screening deck 14, in particular via the discharge end of the rotating elements 4.

[0073] In the Fig. 13 and 7 A further driving element 15 is shown for the two different embodiments of the rotating elements 4, which serves to convey feed material located in the area of ​​the feed end back into the area of ​​the spirals 6. This area of ​​the rotating element 4 can in particular be arranged behind a wall, which in the Fig. 1 is shown in more detail. Feed material that passes under this wall is then conveyed out via the additional drive elements 15. For this purpose, these can be arranged at an angle to the longitudinal direction L of the shaft 5, in particular between 4° and 30°. The shape of the angle then also depends on whether the rotation elements 4 are anticlockwise or clockwise.

[0074] The Fig. 9 and 15 show that a wear element 16 is arranged on the upper edge of the coil 6, at least in some areas, preferably over its entire surface, and in particular extends at least substantially over the length of the coil 6. The wear element 16 can also be designed as a build-up weld, just like the further driving element 15. Furthermore, the wear resistance of the coil 6 can be increased by the wear element 16.

[0075] The use of the device 1 in a quarry is not shown in detail, but is preferred.

[0076] The Fig. 16 shows a schematic perspective view of the screen deck 14, wherein the Fig. 17 the top view of the screening deck 14 and the Fig. 18 shows a corresponding side view.

[0077] The Fig. 1 bis 3 The overall device 1 shown comprises, in addition to the screening deck 14, further components of the device 1, such as a feed hopper 17, which, together with a conveyor device 19, feeds the feed material to the screening deck 14. Furthermore, a further conveyor device 20 can also be provided for removing the further fraction 22, which is designed in particular as a circulating conveyor belt. Suitable conveyor means 21 can also be used to remove the first fraction 3, which can also be designed as conveyor belts.

[0078] The device 1 can be designed to be mobile or movable, for which purpose it can in particular have a chassis 18, preferably a crawler chassis. Thus, a mobile device 1 can also be provided that can be transported to different locations.

[0079] The Fig. 16 shows that in a further preferred embodiment, the device 14 may comprise a retaining means 23 which, in the manner shown in Fig. 16 shown

[0080] Embodiment is designed as a plate. The retaining means 23 can be arranged in the region of the ends of the rotating elements 4 opposite the feed ends and can be at least slightly spaced from the rotating elements 4. The retaining element 23 can preferably extend over part of the width of the screen deck 14, so that rotating elements 3, in particular the outer rotating elements 4 of the screen deck 14, are preferably not arranged directly below the retaining means 23. The retaining means 23 can in particular be arranged in the recessed region of a curved screen deck. The retaining means 23 can further be designed such that at least substantially no material or no components of the further fraction 22 can be conveyed away via the retaining means 23; these components must preferably first be conveyed to the outermost rotating elements 4 of the screen deck 14.Accordingly, the retention means 23 can increase the residence time of the further fraction 22 on the screen deck 14. Bezugszeichenliste:

[0081] 1Device 2Feed material 3First fraction 4Rotation elements 5Shaft 6Helix 7Outer surface of 5 8Carrying element 9Turning of 5 10Distance between 9 11Offset 12Thickness of 8 13Web height of 6 14Screen deck 15Further carrying element 16Wear element 17Feed hopper 18Chassis 19Conveying device for 2 20Further conveying device for 22 21Conveying means for 3 22Further fraction 23Retaining means Longitudinal direction of 5

Claims

1. Device (1) for separating feed material (2) for separating a first fraction (3) comprising moist, slippery, slimy, kneadable, dough-like, cohesive and / or tough soils and / or soil materials, preferably clay-containing or clay-like adhesions, further preferably intended for use in a quarry, with a plurality of rotary elements (4) designed as helical screws, wherein a rotary element (4) has a shaft (5) and at least one helix (6) extending spirally around the shaft (5), characterized in that at least one entraining element (8) arranged on the outer surface (7) of the shaft (5) and projecting from the outer surface (7) of the shaft (5) is provided for entraining and / or separating the first fraction (3), wherein the entraining element (8) is designed as a linear and / or bead-shaped elevation and / or as a strip-shaped web which is in particular continuous and / or uninterrupted in the longitudinal direction (L) of the shaft (5), wherein the entraining element (8) has a thickness (12) of at least 1 mm and wherein the entraining element (8) is designed as a build-up welding and / or armour-plating.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the entraining element (8) extends at least substantially in the longitudinal direction (L) of the shaft (5), particularly preferably at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction (L) of the shaft (5) or at an acute angle thereto, on the outer surface (7) of the shaft (5).

3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one separate entraining element (8) is arranged in each case between adjacent turns (9) of the helix (6), in particular at least substantially bridges the distance (10) between adjacent turns (9), in particular wherein between 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 5, entraining elements (8) are preferably arranged at least substantially equally spaced between two directly adjacent turns (9) in the circumferential direction.

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one pair of separate entraining elements (8) arranged directly one behind the other in the longitudinal direction (L) of the shaft (5) are arranged offset relative to one another, in particular wherein the offset (11) transverse to the longitudinal direction (L) of the shaft (5) is between 1 mm and 80 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 30 mm, and / or in particular wherein a plurality of separate entraining elements (8) directly adjacent in the longitudinal direction (L) of the shaft (5) is each arranged offset relative to one another, preferably in such a way that a staircase structure results.

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entraining element (8) is formed in cross section transversely to the longitudinal direction (L) of the shaft (5), at least in regions, in the shape of an arcuate section at the end.

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entraining element (8) has a thickness (12) between 1 mm and 15 mm, more preferably from 2 to 6 mm, in particular 3 mm + / - 0.5 mm, and / or that the maximum thickness (12) of the entraining element (8) is less than the web height (13) of the helix (6).

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entraining element (8) is connected to the shaft (5) in a substance-locking and / or force-locking and / or form-fitting manner.

8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entraining element (8) has as material wear-resistant steel, in particular with a grade of 300 HB to 600 HB, in particular of 600 HB, and / or in that the entraining element (8) is designed as a build-up welding seam and / or armour-plating seam.

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between 3 to 20, preferably between 4 to 10, rotary elements (4) are provided and / or in that the rotary elements (4) are arranged and / or mounted in such a way that they form a trough-shaped and / or curved screen deck (14) which is recessed towards the center.

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an adjusting device is provided for adjusting the angle of inclination of the screen deck (14) from the feed end to the discharge end, in particular the adjusting device being designed in such a way that the inclination of the screen deck (14) in relation to the substrate can be varied between 0° and 40°, preferably between 0.1° and 30°.

11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two directly adjacent rotary elements (4) are arranged in counterclockwise rotation and two at least further directly adjacent rotary elements (4) are arranged in clockwise rotation.

12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the helices (6) of directly adjacent rotational elements (4) engage and / or mesh with each other.

13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary elements (4) forming the screen deck (14) are arranged and designed in such a way that the feed material is separated into at least two fractions, the first fraction (3) being separable below the rotary elements (4) and a further fraction (22) being dis-chargeable above the screen deck (14), in particular via the discharge end of the rotary elements (4).

14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a further entraining element (15) is arranged in the region of the feed end of the rotary element (4), which is preferably arranged obliquely, in particular at an angle of between 4° and 30°, more preferably between 5° and 20° and in particular of 15° + / - 3°, with respect to the longitudinal direction (L) of the shaft (5).

15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a wear element (16) is arranged on the upper edge of the helix (6) at least in regions, preferably over the entire surface, and in particular extends at least substantially over the entire length of the helix (6).

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