Knife

Abstract

The invention relates to a knife (10) with a first actuating part (11) and a second actuating part (12) of an actuating device (13), which forms a joint (a1) with the first actuating part (11) and is pivotable from an unactuated position about a pivot axis (a1) relative to the first actuating part (11) in a first direction (u1) to move a blade device (15) which is movable relative to the first actuating part (11) and the second actuating part (12) and is pivotable in a second direction (u2) to move the second actuating part (12) into a blade change position, with an adjusting device (16) having an adjusting element (20) with which the movement of the second actuating part (12) can be blocked with respect to at least one direction (u1, u2).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a knife.

[0002] Such a knife comprises an actuating device with a first actuating part, which forms a pivot joint with a second actuating part. The second actuating part can be pivoted relative to the first actuating part in a pincer-like manner between an unactuated position and an actuated position about a part pivot axis in order to move a blade device, which is movable relative to the first actuating part and the second actuating part and has a blade held thereon, between a rest position and a cutting position. In the rest position, access to the blade, e.g. from knife areas, is blocked in such a way that the user cannot injure themselves. In the cutting position, e.g. a cutting operation is possible.

[0003] There are various technical solutions for moving the blade carrier with the first actuating part and the second actuating part between the rest position and the cutting position. One suitable solution is used in the knife according to the invention. It is essential that the drive is based on the relative movement of the first actuating part and the second actuating part.

[0004] EP 2 807 001 A1 discloses a knife with two actuating parts. The knife includes a locking device for blocking the movement of a second actuating part relative to a first actuating part. A handle of the locking device can be moved from a locked position into different positions in different directions.

[0005] The object of the invention was to create a knife with a first actuating part and a second actuating part pivotable relative to the first actuating part with an adjusting device for setting different operating states of the knife, which requires little parts and has advantages in terms of production.

[0006] In the knife according to the invention, a first actuating part and a second actuating part of an actuating device form a joint such that the second actuating part can be pivoted relative to the first actuating part in opposite pivoting directions about a part pivot axis, like a pair of pincers. The part pivot axis runs, for example, approximately at right angles to a sagittal plane of the knife. The movement of the second actuating part relative to the first actuating part takes place within the sagittal plane. A longitudinal center axis of the knife lies, for example, within the sagittal plane of the knife.

[0007] When the second actuating part moves in a first pivoting direction relative to the first actuating part between an unactuated and an actuated position, a blade device is moved between a rest position and at least one cutting position. The movement of the second actuating part from the unactuated position into a second pivoting direction into a blade-changing position allows access to the blade device, e.g., to change the blade device or to change a blade mounted in a blade carrier. Within the meaning of the invention, a blade device can mean a one-piece blade with a cutting edge, wherein no blade carrier is provided. However, the term blade device also includes devices wherein blades are permanently or detachably fastened in a blade carrier.

[0008] The knife comprises an adjustment device with at least one locking device, with which the operating state of the knife can be selected at least between an operating position, a locking position, and a blade-changing position. In the locking position, movement of the second actuating part from the unactuated position to an actuated position, and thus movement of the blade carrier from the rest position to the cutting position, is not possible. Furthermore, movement into the blade-changing position is not possible.

[0009] In the operating position, the second actuating part can be moved relative to the first actuating part in a first direction between the unactuated position and the actuated position, thus moving the blade device between the rest position and the cutting position. Movement into the blade change position is not possible in the operating position.

[0010] In the blade change position, the second actuating part cannot be moved from the unactuated position to the actuated position. However, the second actuating part can be moved into the blade change position. In the blade change position, the blade device is accessible.

[0011] In the knife according to the invention, the movement of the blade device is prevented by preventing a relative movement of the first actuating part and the second actuating part from the unactuated position to the actuated position.

[0012] The adjustment device comprises at least one locking device with which the movement of the second actuating part can be blocked with respect to a first direction of movement, a second direction of movement, or with respect to both directions of movement. For example, two locking devices are provided to provide increased security.

[0013] The locking device comprises, for example, at least two oppositely arranged locking surfaces, which are assigned to one of the actuating parts, and at least two spaced-apart counter-surfaces, which are formed on the actuating element associated with the other of the actuating parts. The counter-surfaces are, for example, spaced from one another in such a way that the locking surfaces can be arranged between the counter-surfaces with respect to a movement of the actuating element.

[0014] In the respective positions of the actuator, for example, a first pair or a second pair of locking surfaces and counter surfaces act together or, for example, both pairs act together.

[0015] The locking surfaces or the counter surfaces are formed on the pivotable actuator. Surface areas of the locking surfaces and the counter surfaces can be positioned offset relative to one another, for example, by means of the actuator, so that the movement of the second actuating part can be blocked optionally in a first pivoting direction, in a second pivoting direction, or in both pivoting directions. The surface areas of the locking surfaces can be assigned to one structure or different structures. Likewise, the surface areas of the counter surfaces can be assigned to one or different structures.

[0016] With the adjustment device according to the invention, the different operating states of the knife can be adjusted in a small space and with few parts.

[0017] The locking device of the adjustment device is designed, for example, such that the setting of the actuator in the locking position is arranged between the settings in the blade-change position and the operating position with respect to the adjustment sequence of the actuator. Upon movement of the second actuating part from the blade-change position to the non-actuated position, the knife can then be automatically secured in the locking position of the locking device, thus reducing the risk of injury. It is then impossible for the user to inadvertently move the second actuating part into the actuated position during this movement, thereby moving the blade device into the cutting position.

[0018] The actuator can be adjusted, for example, translationally or rotationally between the operating position, locking position, and blade change position. A translational movement can occur linearly or along an at least partially curved path.

[0019] For example, the adjustment device comprises two locking devices. Parts of a first and a second locking device can be synchronized with each other so that they move in the same way. For example, the actuator comprises parts of the first locking device and the second locking device. The actuator comprises, for example, a pair of locking surfaces and / or counter surfaces opposite one another with respect to the sagittal plane of the knife, wherein each of the locking surfaces interacts with a counter surface. These features achieve uniform loading and greater safety because a redundant structure is present in the event of failure of one of the structures.

[0020] In the application, the term "transom surfaces" can mean multiple surface areas of a contiguous transom surface or multiple separate transom surfaces. Likewise, the term "counter surfaces" can refer to multiple surface areas of a counter surface or multiple separate counter surfaces.

[0021] The locking surface and / or the counter surface are, for example, at least partially cylindrical. This means that, for example, one of the surfaces can be fully cylindrical and the other partially cylindrical. The term "partially cylindrical" means that the cylindrical structure is formed by a partial circle in cross-section. At least one of the two surfaces can, for example, encompass the other surface in such a way that movement of the second actuating part in at least one pivoting direction is prevented.

[0022] For example, in the unactuated position, the locking surface and / or the counter-surface are arranged coaxially to the actuator pivot axis. If the locking surface and the locking counter-surface are arranged in a semi-circular cylindrical configuration, the two surfaces or surface areas can be moved into and out of engagement by rotating the actuator.

[0023] The locking surfaces and the counter surfaces are formed, for example, at a rear end region of the first actuating part and the second actuating part. The rear end region is arranged opposite the pivot joint between the first actuating part and the second actuating part. For this reason, due to the leverage effect at the rear end region, the movement of the second actuating part in one or both directions of movement can be prevented with relatively little effort. Furthermore, this region is not located within the range of movement of the blade device.

[0024] The locking surface and / or the counter-surface is formed, for example, on an extension of the first actuating part or the second actuating part. If the blade parts of the blade are designed in the unactuated position such that the first actuating part is spaced apart from the second actuating part, it is possible to form one or both of the locking surfaces and counter-surface types on an extension of the first actuating part or on an extension of the second actuating part. The locking surfaces and the counter-surfaces can then be moved into or out of engagement in a rear region of the blade, despite the distance between the actuating regions of the first actuating part and the second actuating part.

[0025] In the locking position, the locking surface interacts with at least one counter-surface in such a way that a pivoting movement of the second actuating part into the cutting position and into a blade-changing position is blocked. In this position of the actuator, the locking surfaces and the counter-surfaces block two opposite directions of movement of the second actuating part. A first locking surface and a first counter-surface block the movement of the second actuating part into the actuated position, and a second locking surface and a second counter-surface block the movement into the blade-changing position.

[0026] In an operating position of the actuator, a second locking surface and a second counter-surface cooperate in a blocking manner such that a movement of the second actuating part from the unactuated position to the actuated position is possible, while the movement from the unactuated position to the blade changing position is blocked.

[0027] When the actuator is in the blade change position, for example, movement into the cutting position is blocked and movement of the second actuating part into the blade change position is released. The first locking surface and the first counter surface block movement into the actuated position. The second locking surface and the second counter surface can move past each other. When the actuator is in the blade change position, the second actuating part can be moved into the blade change position to ensure access to the blade device. In addition, blocking the movement of the second actuating part into the actuated position can be useful to prevent the blade device from being accidentally moved into the cutting position during a blade change, thereby exposing the user to the risk of injury.

[0028] The actuator comprises, for example, a resilient locking element, which engages a locking counter-structure in at least one of the set positions—i.e., the locking position, the operating position, or the blade-change position. This ensures that the actuator does not inadvertently move out of the set position. The locking element is, for example, formed integrally with the actuator. Alternatively, the locking element can also be attached to the actuator.

[0029] The actuator, for example, has a return element that forces the actuator into the locking position. The automatic return of the actuator, for example, from the blade change position to the locking position, ensures that the second actuating part is automatically in the locking position, engaging with the actuator upon return to the unactuated position, with the locking surface and the counter surface engaging.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the geometric organ pivot axis extends approximately at right angles to the sagittal plane of the knife.

[0031] The organ pivot axis is arranged approximately parallel to the part pivot axis. In particular, the organ pivot axis is arranged transversely to a sagittal plane of the knife.

[0032] The adjusting element can, for example, have an adjusting lug located on one side of the blade. A user can use the adjusting lug to adjust the adjustment device.

[0033] A locking structure with at least one locking surface and a counter-structure with at least one counter-surface are designed, for example, with cooperating inclined surfaces to move the actuator upon movement of the second actuating part from the blade-changing position to the unactuated position, so that the locking surface and the counter-surface can move past each other. When the actuator is biased into the locking position by a spring, this ensures that after the second actuating part returns to the unactuated position, the locking device can move back into the locking position. This is only possible if the second actuating part is in the unactuated position.

[0034] Embodiments of the invention are described by way of example in the following description of the figures, also with reference to the drawings. For the sake of clarity, identical or comparable parts, elements, or regions are designated by identical reference numerals, sometimes with the addition of lowercase letters, even where different embodiments are concerned.

[0035] Features described only with reference to one embodiment may also be provided in any other embodiment of the invention within the scope of the invention. Such modified embodiments are encompassed by the invention, even if they are not shown in the drawings.

[0036] All disclosed features are essential to the invention in themselves. The disclosure of the application hereby fully incorporates the disclosure content of the cited documents and the described prior art devices, also for the purpose of incorporating individual or multiple features of these documents into one or more claims of the present application.

[0037] They show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a first embodiment of the knife according to the invention in an unactuated position, Fig. 2 based on Fig. 1 a perspective view in the actuated position, Fig. 3 a perspective view of the knife, with the actuator shown in exploded view, Fig. 4 a side view of the knife according to Fig. 1 , wherein the actuator of an adjusting device is in a locking position, Fig. 5 a sectional view along section line B - B in Fig. 4 , Fig. 6 a view according to view arrow G in Fig. 4 Fig. 7a a sectional view along section line A - A in Fig. 6 , Fig. 7b a sectional view along section line B - B in Fig. 6 , Fig. 8 based on Fig. 4 a side view of the knife with the actuator in the operating position and the knife in the non-actuated position, Fig. 9 a sectional view along section line D - D in Fig. 8 , Fig. 10 a view according to view arrow H in Fig. 8 , Fig. 11 a sectional view along section line C - C in Fig. 10 Fig. 12 a side view based on Fig. 8 , with the knife in the actuated position, Fig. 13 a sectional view along section line F - F in Fig. 12 , Fig. 14 a view according to view arrow I in Fig. 12 , Fig. 15 a sectional view along section line E - E in Fig. 14 , Fig. 16 a side view of the knife in the unactuated position, with the actuator in the blade change position, Fig. 17 a side view of the knife in the blade change position, Fig. 18 a side view of a housing-like first actuating part of the knife, Fig. 19 a perspective view of the first operating part from the front, Fig. 20 a perspective view of the first actuating part from the rear, Fig. 21 a side view of a second actuating part of the knife, Fig. 22 a view according to view arrow J in Fig. 21 , Fig. 23 a perspective view of the second actuating part from the rear, Fig. 24 a view according to view arrow K in Fig. 22 , Fig. 25 a side view of the actuator, Fig. 26 a view according to view arrow L in Fig. 25 , Fig. 27 a view according to view arrow M in Fig. 25 , Fig. 28 a perspective view of the actuator from a first side, Fig. 29 a perspective view of the actuator from a second side opposite the first side, Fig. 30 an exploded view of a knife according to a second embodiment of the invention, wherein a blade device and parts of the actuating device are not shown, Fig. 31 a side view of the knife according to Fig. 1 wherein the adjusting device is in the locking position and the second actuating part is in the unactuated position, Fig. 32 a view according to view arrow F in Fig. 31 , Fig. 33 a sectional view along section line A - A in Fig. 32 , Fig. 34 the side view according to Fig. 31 , the first actuating part being shown transparent, Fig. 35 a sectional view along section line B - B in Fig. 34 , Fig. 36 a side view of the knife according to Fig. 34 , with the adjustment device set to the operating position, Fig. 37 a sectional view along section line D - D in Fig. 36 , Fig. 38a a view according to view arrow K in Fig. 36 , Fig. 38b a sectional view along section line C - C in Fig. 38a , Fig. 39 a view according to view arrow K in Fig. 36 , Fig. 40 a sectional view along section line H - H in Fig. 39 , Fig. 41 a side view of the knife, with the adjusting device in the operating position and the second actuating part in the actuated position, Fig. 42 a view according to view arrow L in Fig. 41 , Fig. 43 a sectional view along section line E - E in Fig. 42 , Fig. 44a a sectional view based on Fig. 43 , wherein the adjusting device is in the blade change position and the second actuating part is in the blade change position, Fig. 44b a view according to Fig. 42 , with the adjustment device in the blade change position, Fig. 44 c a sectional view along section line G - G in Fig. 44b , Fig. 44d a perspective view of the actuator in individual parts Fig. 45 a side view of the first actuating part in individual part view, with hidden structures shown in dashed lines, Fig. 46 a perspective view of the first actuating part according to Fig. 45 , Fig. 47 a side view of the second actuating part, Fig. 48 a view according to view arrow N in Fig. 47 , Fig. 49 a view according to view arrow O in Fig. 48 , Fig. 50 a perspective view of the second actuating part, Fig. 51 a detailed view of the actuator, Fig. 52 a view according to view arrow Q in Fig.51 , Fig. 53 a view according to view arrow S in Fig. 51 , Fig. 54 , a perspective view of the actuator, Fig. 55 another perspective view of the actuator, Fig. 56 an exploded view of a third embodiment of the knife according to the invention, Fig. 57 a side view of the knife according to Fig. 56 , wherein the second actuating part is in the unactuated position and the adjusting device is set in the operating position, Fig. 58 a view of the knife according to Fig. 57 , wherein the second actuating part is in the actuated position, Fig. 59 a sectional view according to section line A 3 - A 3 in Fig. 59 , Fig. 60 a view according to view arrow I in Fig. 57 , Fig. 61 a side view according to Fig. 57 , wherein the second actuating part is arranged in the rest position and the adjusting device is arranged in the locking position, Fig. 62 a sectional view along section line B - B in Fig. 61 , Fig. 63 a sectional view according to section line C - a Fig. 64 , Fig. 64 a top view of the knife according to Fig. 60 , Fig. 65 a side view according to Fig. 57 , with the adjustment device in the operating position, Fig. 66 a sectional view along section line D - D in Fig. 65 , Fig. 67 a sectional view along section line E - E in Fig. 68 , Fig. 68 a top view of the knife according to Fig. 60 , Fig. 69 a side view according to Fig. 57 , with the adjustment device in the blade change position, Fig. 70 a side view of the knife with the second actuating part in the blade change position, Fig. 71 a sectional view along section line G - G in Fig. 72 , Fig. 72 a top view of the knife according to Fig. 60 , Fig. 73 a sectional view along section line F - F in Fig. 72 , Fig. 74 a side view of the first actuating part, Fig. 75 a perspective view of the first actuating part according to Fig. 74 , Fig. 76 a side view of the second actuating part, Fig. 77 a perspective view of the second actuating part according to Fig. 76 , Fig. 78 a side view of the actuator, Fig. 79 a view according to view arrow J in Fig. 78 , Fig. 80 a sectional view along section line H - H in Fig. 79 , Fig. 81 a view according to view arrow K in Fig. 80 , Fig. 82 a perspective view of the actuator, Fig. 83 a perspective view of the actuator from a Fig. 82 other side.

[0038] The knife 10 according to the first embodiment has - as in Fig. 1 to be seen - a first actuating part 11 and a second actuating part 12 of an actuating device 13. The first actuating part 11 and the second actuating part 12 form a joint G1 with a pivot axis a1, so that the second actuating part 12 can basically be pivoted relative to the first fastening part 11 from the Fig. 1 shown in the unactuated position in the directions u1 and u2. In Fig.1 It can be seen that the first actuating part 11 has an extension 19 at a rear end region 44.

[0039] The first actuating part 11 and the second actuating part 12 are part of the actuating device 13 for actuating a Fig. 2The blade device 15 shown in FIG. 1 also includes an actuator 14. Within the meaning of the invention, a blade device refers to both a blade carrier with a blade detachably attachable thereto and a one-piece blade. In this example, the knife 10 has a blade carrier 30 with a blade 17 detachably held therein.

[0040] The actuator 14 has the task of guiding the blade device 15 and, in the case of a relative movement of the second actuating part 12 relative to the first actuating part 11, of Fig. 1 shown unactuated position into a Fig. 2 shown actuated position, to convert the movement such that the blade device 15 can be moved between a rest position according to Fig. 1 and a cutting position according to Fig. 2 is relocated. In Fig. 2A sagittal plane S of the knife 10 is shown, which extends along a knife's longitudinal center axis. The axis a1 is approximately perpendicular to the sagittal plane S.

[0041] In the rest position, the blade device 15 is arranged such that parts of the knife protect the user from contact with a cutting edge 18 of the blade device 15. In the cutting position, the cutting edge 18 protrudes relative to the protective knife parts such that a cutting operation can be performed. In the present embodiment, the protective knife areas are formed by the first actuating part 11. Alternatively, however, the protection could be formed by the actuating part 12 or alternatively by both actuating parts 11 and 12, which also applies to all subsequent embodiments.

[0042] Different actuator designs are known from the state of the art. In the present example (see Fig. 3), the guide has two links 41 and 42, each forming a joint with the second actuating part 12 and a joint with the blade device 15, in order to move the blade device 15 on a coupling curve between the rest position and the cutting position. Furthermore, a support 43 is present as part of the actuator 14, which forms a joint with the link 41 and a joint with the first actuating part 11. This variant of the actuator 14 is not restrictive, but is intended merely as an example.

[0043] It is essential that the knife 10 can be set to different operating states by means of an adjusting device 16 with at least one locking device, here with locking devices 50a and 50b, wherein each operating state has a defined degree of freedom of movement of the second actuating part 12 relative to the first actuating part 11. The locking devices 50a and 50b are synchronized. Each locking device 50a and 50b comprises an actuating element 20 pivotable about an element pivot axis a2. As shown in Fig. 3As can be seen, the pivot axis a2 is formed by axle means 22, which engage with counter-axle means 23 of the second actuating part 12 and form a pivot bearing. The knife 10 is adjustable by the adjusting device 16 at least between an operating position, a locking position, and a blade change position. The adjustment of the adjusting element 20 takes place in the unactuated position of the second actuating part 12.

[0044] In the locking position of the adjusting device 16, which is located between the operating position and the blade changing position in the adjustment sequence of the adjusting element 20, the adjusting element 20 is in the Fig. 4 The second actuating part 12 is positioned as shown Fig. 4 relative to the first actuating part 11 in the unactuated position. The second actuating part 12 cannot be moved relative to the first actuating part 11 in the locking position in the direction u1 from the unactuated position (see Fig. 4 ) into the actuated position (see Fig. 2 ). It is also not possible to move the second actuating part 12 from the unactuated position in direction u2 into the blade changing position (see Fig. 4 ) to pan.

[0045] Counterstructures 27a and 27b of the actuator 20 in the form of projections (see the Fig. 5 and 7a ) form first counter surfaces 32a and 32b, which interact with locking surfaces 34a and 34b of projections 29a and 29b of the extension 19. A counter structure 26 in the form of a web of the actuator 20 forms a counter surface 33, which interacts with a locking surface 35 of the extension 19. The locking surfaces 34a and 34b as well as the locking surfaces 35 are located in the path of movement of the actuator 20, so that the second actuating part 12, on which the actuator 20 is pivotally mounted, cannot be pivoted in the directions u1 and u2. Fig. 7aIt can be seen that the counter surfaces 32a and 32b as well as 33 are spaced apart from each other and are offset from each other relative to the pivoting path relative to the locking surfaces 34a, 34b and 35.

[0046] In the Fig. 3 and 7a It can be seen that a locking means 46 is formed on the counter structure 26, which interacts with a counter locking means 47 of the counter surface 35 and prevents an unintentional adjustment of the actuator 20 from the locking position.

[0047] In Fig. 7b It can be seen that spring means 28 are connected to the actuating element 20 - here integrally formed - which are supported on an abutment surface 31 of the second actuating part 12 and load the actuating element 20 into the locking position in the blade changing position.

[0048] In the operating position of the adjusting device 16, the actuator 20 is located according to the Figs. 8 and 9in a position pivoted counterclockwise about the pivot axis a2 with respect to the locking position. The second actuating part 12 can be pivoted relative to the first actuating part 11 in the direction u1 from the unactuated position to the actuated position and in the direction u2 from the actuated position to the unactuated position. The resetting of the second actuating part 12 relative to the first actuating part 11 from the actuated position to the unactuated position is carried out in this example by a spring (not shown), which is tensioned during the movement from the unactuated position to the actuated position. A pivoting movement of the second actuating part 12 from the unactuated position in the direction u2 into the blade changing position is blocked in this position of the actuator 20.

[0049] As in the Fig. 8 to 15 , especially in the Fig. 9 and 11As can be seen, in the operating position, the first counter surfaces 32a and 32b interact with the first locking surfaces 34a and 34b and prevent movement in direction u2 from the unactuated position of the second actuating part 12. In direction u1, movement from the unactuated position to the actuated position is possible because the locking surfaces 35 are not arranged in the path of movement of the counter surfaces 33. The counter structure 26 with the counter surfaces 33 can move past the locking structure 29 with the second locking surfaces 35.

[0050] The actuated position is in the Fig. 12 to 15 The locking surface 35 strikes a stop surface 51 in the actuated position (see Fig. 15 ) of the second actuating part 12. In this position, the blade device 15 is moved into the cutting position.

[0051] If the actuator 20 is in the blade change position (see the Figs. 16 and 17) the second actuating part 12 can be moved relative to the first actuating part 11 from the unactuated position according to Fig. 16 in direction u2 into a blade change position (see Fig. 17 ). In this position, access to the blade device 15 is possible.

[0052] In the blade change position of the actuator 20, the counter surfaces 34a and 34b are briefly disengaged from the locking surfaces 32a and 32b so that they can move past each other (see Fig. 16). In the blade change position, the spring means 28 loads the actuating element 20 into the locking position. The spring means 28 are supported on the abutment surface 31 of the second actuating part 12. This means that the actuating element 20 automatically moves back into the locking position after being adjusted into the blade change position. When the second actuating part 12 moves from the blade change position in the direction u1 into the unactuated position, the first inclined surface 51 of the actuating element 20 and the second inclined surface 52 of the extension 19 come into contact and move the actuating element 20 against the force of the spring means 28 into the blade change position until the two inclined surfaces 45 and 51 have moved past each other.When the second actuating part 12 has reached the unactuated position, the actuating element 20 is moved into the locking position by the spring means 28 and the second actuating part 12 cannot be moved into the actuated position or into the blade changing position without actively adjusting the actuating element 20.

[0053] Of course, according to an alternative embodiment of the knife 10, the actuator 20 with the counter structures 26 and 27a and 27b with the counter surfaces 32a, 32b and 33 could be pivotally mounted on the first actuating part 11 and the locking surfaces 34a, 34b and 35 could be formed on an extension of the second actuating part 12.

[0054] The actuator 20 comprises locking means 21, with which the actuator 20 can be locked in at least one position, in the present example in two positions, namely the operating position and the locking position. The locking means 21 interact with counter-locking means 24a and 24b (see the Fig. 7 and 11 ), which in this example are formed on the second actuating part 12. In this embodiment, the locking means 21 are formed on an elastically deformable arm, wherein the locking means 21 can be moved out of engagement with the counter-locking means by elastic deformation of the arm.

[0055] By overcoming a minimum adjustment force on the actuator 20, the locking means 21 move, for example, when the actuator 20 is adjusted from the locking position to the operating position, out of engagement with the counter-locking means 24a, which are provided for the locking position (see Fig. 7a ), and when the operating position is reached, they lock with the corresponding counter-locking means 24b to fix the operating position (see Fig. 11 ) of the actuator 20.

[0056] In the Fig. 18 to 20The first actuating part 11 is shown as an individual part. The actuating part 11 is designed like a housing and comprises a closed back 37 and side walls 38a and 38b. A blade outlet opening 39 is formed in a front end region 36. An opening 40 is formed opposite the back 37. In the present example, the extension 19 is designed as a plate at a rear end region 44, which has a small thickness in the Y direction and extends essentially in the XZ direction. Projections extend on both sides of the extension 19 in the directions y1 and y2.

[0057] The Fig. 22 to 25 show the second actuating part 12 as a single part. It comprises joint structures 48 and 49 for pivotally supporting the links 41 and 42 as well as a joint structure 23 for pivotally supporting the actuator 20. In Fig. 22 the abutment surface 31 is visible.

[0058] The actuator 20 is in the Fig. 26 to 30shown as a single part. In this example, the spring means 28 and the locking means 21 are molded onto the actuator 20. However, they could alternatively be attached to it. The axle means 22 are also molded onto it.

[0059] In this example, the actuator comprises 20 (see the Fig. 25 to 29) two side plates 25a and 25b, which are connected to one another by a web 26. In addition, the side plates 25a and 25b have projections 27a and 27b formed on them, which extend in the y-direction to a space between the side plates 25a and 25b. The first counter-structures 27a and 27b form the first counter-surfaces 32a and 32b, which together with the first locking surfaces 34a and 34b of the locking structure 29 can prevent a pivoting movement of the second actuating part 12 in the direction u2, while the second counter-structures 26 form the second counter-surfaces 33, which - depending on the position of the actuator 20 - together with the second locking surfaces 35 can prevent a movement of the second actuating part in the direction u1.

[0060] A second embodiment is shown in the Fig. 30 to 55The blade as a whole is designated by reference numeral 110. The blade 110 according to the second embodiment essentially corresponds to the first embodiment. It differs with respect to the adjustment device 116.

[0061] In this embodiment, a blade device 115 is only schematically shown by a dashed line in Fig. 33shown. An actuator 114 is also only indicated schematically, since - as in the first embodiment - different embodiments of the actuator can be used. For example, the blade device 115 and an actuator 114 are designed as in the first embodiment. The blade device 115 comprises a blade carrier with a blade 117 and a cutting edge 118 formed thereon. The actuator 114 in this embodiment has the same function as in the first embodiment, but can be designed differently. The guidance of the blade device 115 with two guide rods corresponds, for example, to the first embodiment.

[0062] According to Fig. 30The parts of the knife 110 essential to the invention are shown in an exploded view. The knife 110 comprises a first actuating part 111 and a second actuating part 112 of an actuating device 113, which also includes the actuator 114. The actuating parts 111 and 112 together form a pivot joint G1 with the pivot axis a1 and are each elongated in the manner of a pliers actuation. The pivot joint G1 is located at a front end region of the knife 110.

[0063] The first actuating part 111 is in the Figures 45 and 46shown. It comprises a back 145 and adjoining, oppositely formed side walls 146a and 146b, which form an interior space 141 between them. The first actuating part 111 forms a lower opening 135 and a blade outlet opening 136. In a central region 147 arranged between a front end region 143 and a rear end region 144, the side walls 146a and 146b have a height H2 which is lower with respect to a height H1 in a region closer to the front end 137. In this embodiment, the side walls 146a and 146b at least partially conceal essential parts of the guide device for the blade device 115 and of the actuator 114.

[0064] In the rear end region 144, a locking counter-structure 138 is formed on both side walls 146a and 146b, projecting into the receiving space 141 and forming part of locking devices 150a and 150b of the adjusting device 116. In Fig. 45 the locking structure 138 is shown hidden by a dashed line. As in Fig. 46 As can be seen, a connecting structure 148 can, for example, connect the side walls 146a and 146b to one another on an underside and separate the openings 135 and 136 from one another. The stability of the first actuating part is increased by means of the connecting structure 148. At the rear end region 144, the receiving space 141 is delimited by a rear wall 149.

[0065] The second actuating part 112 is in the Fig. 47 to 50shown. At an end region opposite the pivot axis a1, the second actuating part 112 is provided with an extension 119. The extension 119 is plate-like and extends substantially in the xz-plane. Axis means 122 protrude from the extension 119 on both sides in the directions y1 and y2. These are provided to form, with complementary counter-axis means 123 of the actuator 120, a pivot joint G2 for pivotably mounting the actuator 120 about an axis pivot axis a2. This axis is formed at right angles to a sagittal plane S, which in Fig. 32 shown and positioned as in the first embodiment.

[0066] Formed on the extension 119 is a spring means 128, the function of which is explained below. Furthermore, the extension 119 is provided with counter-locking means 124a and 124b, which interact with locking means 121 of an actuator 120 to fix the actuator 120 in the operating position and, in the locking position, prevent movement into the operating position. These can be designed, for example, in the form of a projection / recess pairing.

[0067] Adjacent to the counter-locking means 124a are guide means 151, which guide the locking means 121, which are moved out of engagement with the counter-locking means 124a or 124b when the actuator 120 is set to the blade change position, back into engagement with the counter-locking means 124b of the locking position upon return to the locking position. The guide means 151 can be designed, for example, in the form of a groove.

[0068] The actuator 120 is in the Fig. 51 to 55shown. It has two plate regions 125a and 125b, between which a portion of the extension 119 can be arranged. The axle means 122 of the extension 119 are designed to interact with counter-axle means 123 of the actuator 120, forming a pivot joint G2. The plate regions 125a and 125b are connected to one another by a web 126. The web 126 forms a support surface for the spring means 128.

[0069] From both plate areas 125a and 125b extend actuating projections 129, which are provided for adjusting the adjusting device 116. In this embodiment, the locking means 121 are formed in each of the plate areas 125a and 125b by a tongue which is free from the respective plate area and which is connected to the material of the respective plate area 125a or 125b only at one end area. As shown, for example, in the Figs. 52 and 53As can be seen, a projection 130 is formed on each locking means 121, wherein the projections 130 of the two locking means 121 face each other and point to an intermediate space 131 between the plate regions 125a and 125b.

[0070] From each plate area 125a and 125b, a counter-structure 140, designed as a wall and having a partially circular cylindrical counter-surface 133, projects coaxially and parallel to the pivot axis a2 in the directions y1 and y2, which counter-structure is part of one of two synchronized locking devices 150a and 150b, respectively, and is intended to cooperate with the locking structure 138 on each of the side walls 146a and 146b of the first actuating part 111 to block a movement of the second actuating part 112 relative to the first actuating part 111 in the direction u1 and / or in the direction u2. A securing surface 134 (see the Figs. 51 and 54) is designed to automatically engage the locking structure and the counter-structure when the second actuating part 112 has previously been moved into the blade changing position.

[0071] As in the first embodiment, the adjusting device 116 is adjustable between a locking position, an operating position and a blade changing position.

[0072] In the locking position (see the Fig. 31 to 35 ), a movement from the unactuated position in direction u1 to the actuated position as well as to the blade change position is not possible. According to the sectional view in Fig. 33The counter surface 133 interacts with the locking surface 139 of the locking structure 138. The counter surface 133 engages the locking surface 139 such that a surface area 133a of the surface 133 interacts with a surface area 139a of the surface 139, and a surface area 133b arranged diametrically opposite the surface 133a interacts with a surface area 139b, preventing movement of the second actuating part 112 from the unactuated position in the directions u1 and u2. This prevents both movement of the second actuating part 112 relative to the first actuating part 111 into the actuated position and movement into the blade change position.

[0073] From the locking position according to Fig. 31 , which lies in the adjustment sequence of the actuator 120 between the operating position and the blade change position, the adjusting device 116 is in an operating position according to the Fig. 37 to 43adjustable by turning the actuator 120 in direction p1. The knife 110 is in the operating position of the actuator 120 between a non-actuated position (see the Fig. 37 to 40 ) and an actuated position (see the Fig. 41 to 43 ) adjustable. From the non-actuated position (see the Fig. 37 to 40 ) the second actuating part 112 can be adjusted in direction u1 into the actuated position (see the Fig. 41 to 43 ) and from the actuated position in direction u2 to the unactuated position.

[0074] Especially in Fig. 40 It can be seen that the counter surface 133 of the actuator 120 interacts with the locking surface 139 in such a way that a movement of the second actuating part 112 in the direction u2 is prevented, while a movement in the direction u1, into the actuated position, is readily possible. Fig. 40It can be seen that in the operating position of the actuator 120, the surface area 133a cooperates with the surface area 139a to block a movement of the second actuating part 112 in the direction u2, while the surface areas 133b and 139b can move past each other when the second actuating part 112 moves in the direction u1.

[0075] In the unactuated position according to Fig. 36 The blade device 115 is in a rest position in which the cutting edge 118 of the blade 117 is shielded from contact by knife areas that are inaccessible. In the present example, the first actuating part 111 forms these protective areas; alternatively, however, the second actuating part 112, or alternatively, the first actuating part 111 and the second actuating part 112, could also form the areas.

[0076] In the actuated position, the blade device 115 is in a cutting position (see Fig. 41), such that the cutting edge 118 protrudes relative to the shielding blade parts. In the present example, the cutting edge 118 emerges from an opening 136 of the first actuating part 111 in the actuated position and protrudes relative to a front blade end 137. In the actuated position (see Fig. 43 ) a securing surface 134 of the actuator 120 interacts with the locking counter-structure 138 and prevents a movement of the actuator 120 in the direction p2 into the locking position.

[0077] A rotation of the actuator 120 from the locking position according to Fig. 32 in direction p2 moves the adjusting device 116 from the locking position to the blade changing position (see Fig. 44a ). In the blade change position, a movement of the second actuating part 112 from the unactuated position in the direction u1 into the actuated position is not possible, a movement in the direction u2 into the blade change position according to Fig. 44can be carried out, so that access to the blade device 115 and replacement of the blade 117 is possible. Fig. 44a It is conceivable that the surface areas 133b and 139b prevent a movement of the second actuating part 112 in the direction u1, while the surface areas 133a and 139a can be moved past each other, so that a movement of the second actuating part 112 in the direction u2 is possible.

[0078] The spring means 128 of the extension 119 (see Fig. 44c ) rest against the web 126 of the actuator 120 in the locking position. When the actuator 120 moves into the blade change position, the spring means 128 are elastically deformed and load the actuator 120 from the blade change position into the locking position.

[0079] During the movement of the actuator 120 from the locking position to the blade change position (in this embodiment, counter to the spring force of the spring means 128), the locking means 121 are moved out of engagement with the counter-locking means 124b into engagement with guide means 151. During the return movement of the actuator 120 (which in this embodiment is carried out by the restoring force of the spring means 128, but which can alternatively also be carried out manually) to the locking position, the locking means 121 are guided by the guide means 151 into engagement with the counter-locking means 124b, whereby the actuator 120 moves into the locking position.

[0080] If the second actuating part 112 is pivoted back from the blade-changing position in the direction u1 into the unactuated position, the actuating surfaces 152 of the web 126 collide with the locking structures 138, whereby the actuating element 120 is briefly moved into the blade-changing position so that the counter-surface 133 can move into engagement with the locking surface 139. After the engagement of the counter-surface 133 and the locking surface 139, no force acts on the actuating surface 152 and the spring means 128 move the actuating element 120 back into the locking position, whereby the locking means 121 move into engagement with the counter-locking means 124b.

[0081] A third embodiment is shown in the Fig. 56 to 83 shown. Basically, the knife 210 according to the third embodiment corresponds to the first two embodiments, but differs with regard to the adjusting device 216. The adjusting device 216 comprises two locking devices 250a and 250b.

[0082] For the sake of clarity, in this embodiment, a blade device 215 is shown only schematically in Fig. 59 shown in dashed lines. In the present embodiment, this comprises a blade carrier with a blade 217 detachably held therein with a cutting edge 218, which only Fig. 59 is shown in the form of a dashed line. However, it is designed according to the first embodiment. Alternatively, the blade device 215 could also be formed in one piece, for example.

[0083] According to Fig. 56In this exemplary embodiment, the knife has - corresponding to the first exemplary embodiment - a first actuating part 211 and a second actuating part 212 of an actuating device 213. The actuator 214 is also designed, as in the first exemplary embodiment, to displace the blade device 215 between the rest position and the cutting position. In this exemplary embodiment, the actuator 214 comprises a guide for the blade device 215 comprising two links 241 and 242, which are each pivotally mounted on the second actuating part 212 and on the blade device 215. A support 243 is supported on the first actuating part 211 and forms a pivot joint with the link 241. However, the design of the actuator 214 of the actuating device 213 is not important for the invention. It can alternatively be designed differently.Essential are the actuating parts 211 and 212 as well as the adjusting device 216, which is described below.

[0084] In this example, the second actuating part 212 comprises an extension 219 on which the actuator 220 is mounted for translational displacement. In this example, the actuator 220 is linearly displaceable in the directions p1 and p2, but it could alternatively also be displaceable along a curved path or a freely formed path.

[0085] The actuator 220 is biased into the locking position by spring means 228. The spring means 228 are accommodated in a spring seat 229 on a guide 227 of the extension 219. The guide is formed on both sides of the extension 219 as a groove in one area and as an opening in another area. The opening forms the spring seat in which the spring means 228 are arranged. (I still need information here; the function is not entirely clear to me.) The guide 227 serves to guide the actuator 220.

[0086] The functionality of the actuator 220 is the same as in the first and second embodiments, ie, the actuator 220 can be set by moving it into an operating position, a locking position and a blade changing position.

[0087] The actuator 220 is provided with inwardly directed projections 232 that engage with the guide 227. In this way, the movement of the actuator 220 is guided and limited by the guide 227. The actuator 220 is thus also firmly held on the extension 219. Furthermore, counter-locking means 224a, 224b are formed on the extension 219, which interact with locking means 221 of the actuator 220.

[0088] The locking means 221 protrude into an interior of the U-shaped actuator 220. The actuator 220 can be locked in an operating position using the locking means 221 and the counter-locking means 224a and 224b. If the actuator 220 is moved out of the locking structure 224a of the operating position, the locking structure 224b allows the actuator 220 to move into the locking position and into the blade change position. The movement between the locking structures 224a and 224b is possible by applying an increased actuating force to the actuator 220. The spring means 228 bias the actuator 220 into the locking position.

[0089] The actuator 220 comprises a counter structure 240 with counter surfaces 233a and 233b, which interact with a locking structure 238 with locking surfaces 239a and 239b of the first actuating part 211. The locking structure 238 is located in a receiving space 225 of the first actuating part 211 and is therefore in Fig. 56shown only in dashed lines. In Fig. 56 the second actuating part 212 is shown in an unactuated position relative to the first actuating part 211. In Fig. 58 the actuated position is shown.

[0090] In the locking position (see the Fig. 59 to 62) of the actuating element 220, which in the adjustment sequence is located between the operating position and the blade-changing position, the locking structure 238 is arranged in a central region F of the counter-structure 240. The locking surface 239a interacts with a counter-surface 233b, and the locking surface 239b interacts with a counter-surface 233a. The second actuating part can be moved neither in the direction u1 nor in the direction u2. The blade device 215 cannot therefore be moved from the rest position. It remains in the rest position, in which contact with the blade 217, in particular the cutting edge 218, is prevented by protective means of the first actuating part 211. A movement of the second actuating part 212 relative to the first actuating part 211 in the direction u2 into the blade-changing position is not possible.

[0091] If the actuator 220 is in the operating position (see the Fig. 65 to 68), the locking structure 238 is located in an area E of the counter-structure 240. In the operating position, the second actuating part 212 can be moved from the unactuated position to the actuated position, whereby the blade device 215 is displaced from the rest position to the cutting position and the blade 217 with the cutting edge 218 emerges from the opening 235 of the first actuating part 211. The locking surface 239a and the counter-surface 233b prevent movement of the second actuating part 212 into the blade change position.

[0092] In the blade change position (see the Fig. 69 to 73) of the actuator 220, the locking structure 238 is arranged in the area H of the actuator 220. In this position, a movement in the direction u1 into the actuated position is blocked by the interaction of the counter surface 233a and the locking surface 239b. A movement of the second actuating part 212 relative to the first actuating part 211 in the direction u2 into the blade change position is possible. The actuator 220 must be moved into the blade change position against spring force and is moved back into the locking position by the spring means 228 when the user's force decreases.

[0093] When the second actuating part 212 is returned to the unactuated position (see Fig. 71 ) an inclined surface 222 of the counter structure 240 and an inclined surface 223 of the locking structure 238 come into contact and displace the actuator 220 into the blade change position ( Does the adjustment happen automatically? ) .After the inclined surface 222 has passed the inclined surface 223, the actuator 220 is moved into the locking position by the spring means 228 in the unactuated position of the second actuating element 212. This secures the knife, and an unintentional displacement of the blade device 215 into the cutting position is impossible after the blade change. In other words, there is no risk of the second actuating part 212 being inadvertently moved into the actuated position after the blade change. The risk of injury is thus significantly reduced.

[0094] In Fig. 73 it can be seen that the locking means 221 is in engagement with the counter structure 224b of the counter locking means 224.

[0095] In the side view of the housing-like first actuating part 211 according to Fig. 74 The bar structure 238 is shown in dashed lines. In Fig. 75It can be seen that the locking structures 238 are formed on both opposite side walls 236a and 236b of the knife 210. In Fig. 75 It can also be seen that an underside of the knife 210 opposite the knife back 237 is open to the receiving space 225 except for a web 226 connecting the side walls 236a and 236b.

[0096] The second actuating part 212 is in Fig. 76 in a side view and in Fig. 77 shown in perspective. The guide 227 and the counter-locking means 224 with the counter structures 224a and 224b are visible. Fig. 77 Only one guide 227 is visible, but guides 227 are formed on both sides of the extension 219. The spring seat 229 in the area of ​​the guide 227 can also be seen.

[0097] The actuator 220 is in the Fig. 78 to 83 shown. In the Figs. 79 and 81the counter structure 240 formed on both sides of the actuator 220 can be seen. In the sectional view according to Fig. 80 The locking means 221 can be seen, which interact with the counter-contact means 224 of the second actuating part 212. The Figs. 81 and 82 reveal the projections 232 which engage in the guides 227 and guide the actuator 220.

Claims

1. Knife (10, 110, 210) with a first actuating part (11, 111, 211) and a second actuating part (12, 112, 212) of an actuating device (13, 113, 213), which forms a joint (a1) with the first actuating part (11) and is pivotable from an unactuated position about a part pivot axis (a1) relative to the first actuating part (11) in a first direction (u1) in order to move a blade device (15, 115, 215) from a rest position into a cutting position and is pivotable in a second direction (u2) in order to move the second actuating part (12) into a blade changing position, with an adjusting device (16) with an actuator (20, 120, 220), with which different degrees of freedom with regard to the movement of the second actuating part (12) are adjustable relative to the first actuating part (11) such thatthat depending on the setting of the actuator (20) in the operating position or in the blade change position, a first or a second of the pivoting directions (u1, u2) is blocked or that when set in the locking position, both pivoting directions (u1, u2) are blocked.

2. Knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting device is designed such that the locking position setting is arranged between the blade change position and operating position settings with respect to the setting sequence of the adjusting member (20).

3. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (20) is movable translationally or rotationally between the operating position, locking position and blade change position.

4. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter surfaces are arranged coaxially to the organ pivot axis (a2) in the unactuated position.

5. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking surface and the counter surface extend in directions parallel to the organ pivot axis (a2).

6. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking surface and / or the counter surface are designed as a part-circle cylinder.

7. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking surface (34a, 34b, 35) and the counter surface (32a, 32b, 33) are formed at a rear end region (44) of the knife.

8. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking surface and / or the counter surface is formed on an extension of the respective actuating part.

9. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe actuating member (20, 120) has locking means (21) which is moved into engagement with counter-locking means (24) in at least one position of the locking position, the operating position and the blade changing position.

10. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (20, 120) has a return element in the form of a spring means (28) which loads the actuator (20, 120) into the locking position.

11. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a locking structure with at least one locking surface and a counter-structure with at least one counter-surface with inclined surfaces are designed to move the actuating element when the second actuating part moves from the blade changing position into the unactuated position so that the locking surface and the counter-surface can move past each other.

12. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe adjusting device (16, 116) has two locking devices (50a, 50b, 150a, 150b) which are synchronized with one another.

13. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that Parts of a first locking device (50a, 150a) and a second locking device (50b, 150b) are assigned to the actuator (20, 120).

14. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the part pivot axis (a1) is arranged approximately at right angles to a sagittal plane (E).

15. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an organ pivot axis (a2) is arranged approximately parallel to the part pivot axis (a1).

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