Module for filling a built-in element, installation element for a pre-fabricated element, pre-fabricated element made of concrete and method for producing a pre-fabricated element

Abstract

The invention relates to a module (1) for filling an installation element (16), in particular an installation element (16) in a precast concrete element, comprising a frame (2) for arranging the module (1) at an opening (20) of the installation element (16) with at least one side surface (3) extending along a vertical axis (12) of the frame (2), and a compensating element (8) arranged offset from the frame (2) along the vertical axis (12), wherein the compensating element (8) is guided in or on the frame (2) and is movable relative to the frame (2), and wherein the compensating element (8) is adjustable in its position relative to the frame (2). The invention further relates to an installation element (16) for a precast element with a module (1) as described above, a precast concrete element, and a method for manufacturing a precast concrete element.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a module for filling an installation element according to claim 1, an installation element for a prefabricated element according to claim 11, a prefabricated concrete element according to claim 14 and a method for producing a prefabricated concrete element according to claim 15.

[0002] Installation elements, in particular for transmitting forces between a first load-bearing building component and a second supported building component, are known, for example, from DE 10 2013 100 356 A1 or DE 10 2021 100 348 A1. The installation elements are usually integrated into a prefabricated element, which is to be connected to the building components surrounding the prefabricated component on a construction site. The forces acting on the second supported building component, in particular the weight of the building component, are to be transferred to and diverted from the first load-bearing building component via a support element arranged in the installation element. In addition to the weight, bending moments and shear forces acting on the support element can also be transferred and diverted accordingly.To align the building components and the support element with each other, the installation elements are designed as hollow bodies and are fixed in place on site after the support element and the prefabricated component have been aligned and positioned accordingly. For this purpose, the support element engages in a recess in the first building component. The support element is movable within the installation element only along its longitudinal axis and thus essentially perpendicular to the weight force, and is otherwise fixed in position. To align the prefabricated component and the building component with each other, the recess in the first building component must therefore be sufficiently large. The support element is aligned and positioned by placing panels in the recess.The recess is then closed with mortar so that after the mortar has hardened, the prefabricated element is connected to the first part of the building and can absorb and transfer the corresponding forces.

[0003] Furthermore, installation elements are also known which have a correspondingly large sleeve, whereby the support element is also movable in the direction of the weight force, and have a channel for filling the sleeve with a mortar after alignment, wherein the recess in the first building part itself essentially corresponds to the cross-section of the support element and has no compensation option.

[0004] The building components can, for example, be a building wall as the first, load-bearing building component and a stair section, particularly a landing, as the second supporting building component. Both building components are preferably made of concrete. The second supporting building component is usually in the form of a prefabricated element into which one or more built-in elements are already integrated.

[0005] Precast elements are manufactured in a precast plant using formwork. The formwork usually comprises a flat formwork table onto which further formwork elements are attached according to the shape of the precast element. Before the formwork is filled with concrete, the reinforcement and one or more installation elements are arranged according to specifications and requirements. This requires that the installation elements are placed precisely on the formwork. This can be achieved, for example, by creating a channel on the installation element for later filling the installation element with mortar, with the channel being placed directly on the formwork table. The channel, which is usually made of plastic or metal, can be adjusted to the desired height by sawing and / or cutting.Alternatively, the channel can be arranged with its opening facing away from the formwork table, whereby the channel is also adjusted to the desired height.

[0006] The use of installation elements with channels has generally proven to be effective, although these must be individually adapted for each precast element depending on the installation element, its position on the formwork, and the reinforcement. However, this is not always easy to achieve, as the installation space is usually very limited due to the reinforcement. Furthermore, aligning the installation element on and relative to the formwork, especially vertical alignment, is only possible after a very time-consuming process, as this usually requires precise adjustment of the height of the channel and compensation for any inclination.

[0007] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a module for filling an installation element, an installation element, a precast concrete part, and a method for producing a precast concrete part that enable simple, safe, and rapid alignment of the installation element. In particular, flexibility in handling the installation element is to be achieved.

[0008] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a module for filling an installation element, an installation element, a prefabricated element and a method for producing a prefabricated element, which enable flexible use with high tolerances.

[0009] These and other objects are achieved by a module for filling an installation element according to claim 1, by an installation element according to claim 11, and by a prefabricated concrete element according to claim 14, as well as by a method for producing a prefabricated concrete element according to claim 15.

[0010] Advantageous embodiments of the module for filling an installation element are set forth in claims 2 to 10. Further advantageous embodiments of the installation element for a precast element are set forth in claims 12 and 13. Even further advantageous embodiments of the method for producing a precast element from concrete are set forth in claims 16 and 17.

[0011] The module for filling an installation element is designed in particular for use with an installation element in a prefabricated concrete element and comprises a frame for arranging the module at an opening of the installation element with at least one side surface extending along a vertical axis of the frame. Furthermore, the module according to the invention for filling the installation element comprises a compensating element arranged offset from the frame along the vertical axis. The compensating element is guided in or on the frame and is movable relative to the frame. The compensating element's position relative to the frame is adjustable.

[0012] The module according to the invention now allows for precise adjustment and alignment relative to a reference mark of the formwork or reinforcement in the precast element, as the compensation element is movable relative to the frame and can be adjusted accordingly. The compensation element and frame overlap in one area of ​​the module, whereby the degree of overlap can be changed and adjusted by the movable arrangement of the compensation element and the frame of the module.

[0013] Preferably, the frame is arranged at an opening in the built-in element by placing it on, snapping it in, and / or connecting it. Alternatively, or preferably additionally, the frame can also be an integral part of the built-in element.

[0014] The module according to the invention allows for flexible adjustment of the overall height, which in particular makes it possible to compensate for unevenness or misalignments. For example, the module can also allow the installation element to tilt relative to a formwork, as the frame and the compensation element provide a certain degree of flexibility and corresponding alignment options. Thus, the overall flexibility and alignment options are increased and improved by the module according to the invention.

[0015] A preferred embodiment is characterized in that the frame and the compensating element form a channel extending along the vertical axis, wherein the channel has a module opening for filling the installation element and an opening surface opposite the module opening, which is operatively connected to the opening of the installation element. The installation element is filled via the channel with a hardenable material, in particular filler material. During filling, the channel itself can also be completely filled with the corresponding hardenable filler material. In particular, the filler material can be a mineral material, for example, mortar or cast concrete.The hardenable filling material is characterized by the fact that it changes from a viscous state during processing to a hardened state in which the hardenable filling material has a similar strength and stiffness to the surrounding material, in particular concrete.

[0016] In an advantageous embodiment, the module has means for securing the compensating element relative to the frame. In particular, the means are designed for reversible securing of the compensating element relative to the frame. The compensating element can thus be secured and fixed relative to the frame in a desired position, so that a previously set positioning is maintained. The reversible securing of the compensating element relative to the frame also allows the compensating element to be readjusted relative to the frame at a later time.

[0017] Preferably, the means for fixing are formed by locking elements and / or fixing elements which are arranged on the frame and / or the compensating element.

[0018] A preferred embodiment is characterized in that at least one deformation body is arranged in and / or on the frame and / or on the compensating element, against which the compensating element rests against the frame. The deformation body thus exerts a certain counterforce from the frame onto the compensating element, improving alignment and positioning and achieving easier and simpler positioning. The deformation body can simultaneously also form a means for securing the compensating element relative to the frame and thus contribute to positioning and fixing the relative position of the compensating element and frame.

[0019] Preferably, the at least one deformation body is elastic, in particular reversibly elastic. The elasticity of the deformation body enables flexible and precise alignment of the compensating element relative to the frame, with the elasticity exerting a certain counterpressure on the compensating element during positioning.

[0020] Preferably, the module forms part of a lost form, for example a lost formwork.

[0021] The deformation body is preferably a body with a restoring force. In particular, this can be a spring or an expanding and / or pre-compressed material, such as foam. The restoring force of the deformation body exerts a corresponding force on the compensating element relative to the frame, enabling precise and secure positioning of the compensating element relative to the frame. Furthermore, it is easier to align the module if a certain force acts on the compensating element through corresponding restoring forces. This ensures, in particular, that the module remains in the correct position after being fixed.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the deformation body is arranged in sections in the frame and / or on the compensating element. In particular, a plurality of deformation bodies are arranged distributed in the frame and / or on the compensating element. By arranging the deformation body or a plurality of deformation bodies in sections in and / or on the frame and / or the compensating element, the amount of material for the deformation body can be reduced and the manufacture of the module can be simplified. In addition, a plurality of deformation bodies enables easier alignment of the compensating element with respect to the frame, as they can be individually subjected to force without influencing the other deformation bodies, for example by displacing a deformation body material. This further increases positioning accuracy.

[0023] Preferably, the frame and in particular also the compensating element are substantially angular, preferably polygonal, in particular rectangular, wherein a deformation body can preferably be arranged in each corner of the frame. A rectangular design provides both the frame and the compensating element with a simple shape, which is also cost-effective and easy to manufacture. If the frame and / or the compensating element are polygonal, they can be of regular or irregular shape.

[0024] Alternatively, or preferably additionally, the frame and, in particular, the compensating element are essentially round or oval. The shape of the frame and, in particular, the compensating element is essentially determined by the opening in the installation element.

[0025] In a further preferred embodiment, at least one recess for the at least one deformation body is formed in and / or on the frame. The recess creates a corresponding space for the deformation body. The deformation body can thus be designed more flexibly. Furthermore, recesses can create areas in and / or on the frame into which the deformation body can deflect or be displaced when subjected to force. The recesses can be specifically adapted to the deformation body, in particular, they can substantially correspond to the deformation body.

[0026] Alternatively, or preferably additionally, the deformation body is arranged circumferentially on the compensating element and / or the frame. Thus, the deformation body can, in particular, be a single object arranged circumferentially on or in the compensating element.

[0027] Further alternatively or preferably additionally, the compensating element comprises at least one pressure element operatively connected to the at least one deformation body. A corresponding force is transmitted to the compensating element by the pressure element, which is distributed evenly across the deformation body by the pressure element. The pressure element can, in particular, be a flat element, for example a plate or the like, whereby the pressure is distributed evenly over a larger area. The pressure element is preferably formed integrally with the compensating element.

[0028] A preferred embodiment is characterized in that the deformation body has a compression path along its direction of extension, which runs essentially parallel to the vertical axis, of up to 2 cm, preferably up to 3 cm, particularly preferably up to 5 cm. Thus, the deformation body can be compressed or shrunk along the vertical axis by a corresponding compression path, thereby enabling the compensation element to be positioned accordingly relative to the frame. The compression path thus provides a compensation option for adjusting the overall height of the module.

[0029] In an advantageous embodiment of the module, the deformation body in the module, when installed, has a minimum compression with a compression travel of at least 0.1 cm, preferably a compression travel of at least 0.3 cm, particularly preferably a compression travel of at least 0.5 cm. In the installed state, the minimum compression exerts a force on the deformation body, resulting in minimal compression of the deformation body. This ensures that a certain counterforce is exerted on the compensating element by the deformation body so that it can be held and fixed in its appropriate position. In particular, the minimum compression achieves pre-compression or pre-tension.In addition, the minimum compression ensures that, due to the counterforce caused by the minimum compression, a seal can be achieved between the module opening and a surface covering this module opening and lying flat against the frame of the module.

[0030] Advantageously, the frame has a substantially U-shaped profile. This U-shaped profile allows the compensating element to be guided and at least partially supported within the frame. This prevents, for example, the compensating element from tilting relative to the frame.

[0031] Alternatively, or preferably additionally, the frame and / or the compensating element comprises at least one anchoring element for anchoring the compensating element to the frame. The anchoring element anchors the compensating element and frame to each other, so that the two elements cannot be separated. Furthermore, it ensures that the compensating element is always guided in and / or on the frame. Furthermore, the anchoring element ensures a maximum position of the compensating element relative to the frame, beyond which the compensating element cannot be moved without destroying the module.

[0032] An advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the compensating element has a closing element on its side facing away from the frame. In particular, the closing element can be a plate, preferably a wooden plate, or an optical cover. Preferably, the closing element closes the module opening essentially completely and / or seals the module opening from the environment. This can, for example, prevent foreign substances from entering the module or the installation element. An optical cover ensures that the module is flush with its surroundings or, when used in the visible area, presents a corresponding optical viewing surface. For example, the cover can be made of stainless steel.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the closure element is formed integrally with the compensating element. In particular, the compensating element and the closure element form a body that is open on only one side and is preferably substantially cuboid-shaped, with a body opening formed on the side facing the frame. To fill the installation element or module, the body is opened on its side facing away from the frame, preferably on-site at the construction site, for example by sawing, drilling, milling, and / or cutting.

[0034] Advantageously, the compensating element and / or the frame are made of plastic. Compensating elements and / or frames made of plastic can be produced easily and cost-effectively in large quantities. It is preferred if the compensating element and frame are made of the same plastic. In particular, the compensating element and / or the frame can be manufactured by injection molding, which allows for the cost-effective production of the corresponding elements in large quantities.

[0035] Alternatively, or preferably additionally, the compensating element and / or the frame are formed from a metal sheet, wherein the metal sheet preferably has a thickness of a maximum of 2 mm, particularly preferably a maximum of 1.5 mm, and most preferably a maximum of 1 mm. Compensating elements and frames made of sheet metal can, on the one hand, absorb large loads and be used in a wide variety of applications.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the compensating element has a height of 20 mm to 150 mm, preferably 40 mm to 100 mm. The compensating element can be designed and have a corresponding height according to the application. The height of the compensating element does not correspond to the overall height of the module, to which the height of the frame also contributes. The overall height is to be considered the vertical extension of the compensating element and the frame, with the compensating element and frame overlapping each other within a certain area due to the corresponding guide.

[0037] Further alternatively or preferably additionally, the module has a total height of 20 mm to 150 mm, preferably of 40 mm to 100 mm.

[0038] Alternatively, or preferably additionally, the height of the compensation element is variable, in particular adjustable. The height of the compensation element is preferably changed by sawing and / or cutting and / or telescoping. The height of the compensation element can be adjusted directly on site, in particular in the precast plant or on the construction site, whereby the compensation element can be adapted to the desired requirements. However, due to the adjustability of the compensation element within the module, the adjustment can be made with a certain tolerance. This enables the adjustment of the compensation element in a simple manner and using simple tools, for example a saw, a cut-off grinder, or scissors.

[0039] In an advantageous embodiment of the module, at least one connecting element is arranged on the frame for the frictional and / or positive connection of the module to the installation element. The connecting element thus ensures a secure connection between the module and the installation element. This prevents the module from shifting relative to the installation element and improves filling of the installation element. In particular, the connecting element is designed as a catch or clip, allowing the module to be easily connected to the installation element.

[0040] Alternatively, or preferably in addition, the module is firmly bonded to the installation element. For example, there may be an adhesive bond between the module and the installation element.

[0041] As a further solution, an installation element for a prefabricated element, in particular for a prefabricated element made of concrete, is specified, wherein the installation element comprises a preferably elongated sleeve and a module for filling an installation element as set out above, wherein the module is arranged at an opening in the lateral surface of the sleeve, which opening preferably extends substantially in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis of the module.

[0042] In an advantageous embodiment, the module is connected to the sleeve.

[0043] Alternatively, or preferably additionally, the frame of the module is formed integrally with the sleeve. This allows the sleeve of the installation element and the frame to form a single unit, increasing the stability of the frame and thus of the entire installation element. In particular, the frame of the module is part of the sleeve.

[0044] In a further preferred embodiment, the installation element is designed for the force-transmitting connection of a first load-bearing building part, in particular a building wall, and a second supported building part, in particular a stair part or a landing plate. The installation element cooperates with a support element that extends within the sleeve and is arranged to be movable relative to the sleeve. In a preferred embodiment, the installation element also comprises the support element.

[0045] Preferably, the sleeve and optionally the module, in particular the entire installation element, can be filled, in particular completely, with a hardenable material, in particular a filler material. The hardenable material is preferably a mineral material, for example, mortar or grout concrete.

[0046] Another solution is a precast concrete element with at least one built-in element as described above and reinforcement, whereby the built-in element and the reinforcement are integrated into the concrete of the precast element. The precast element thus comprises all the essential elements for positioning, aligning, and connecting it to other precast elements or building components on site. Furthermore, the production of such precast elements is simpler than the production of a corresponding element directly on site, allowing the corresponding element to be manufactured faster, easier, and more cost-effectively.

[0047] After positioning the precast element and the support element on the construction site, all that remains is to fill the installation element via the module accordingly, which allows the precast element to be fixed to other parts of the building.

[0048] As yet another solution, a method for producing a prefabricated concrete element, in particular a prefabricated element as set out above, is provided, the method comprising the following steps: A) Providing at least one installation element as set out above and a formwork for the precast element, which formwork essentially corresponds to the later shape of the precast element; B) Arranging the installation element and reinforcement in and / or on the formwork; C) Aligning the installation element relative to a reference mark by applying force to the module of the installation element; D) Pouring liquid concrete into the formwork and curing the concrete; and E) Removing the precast element from the formwork after curing.

[0049] The module for filling the installation element allows the installation element to be easily aligned relative to a reference mark and thus aligned accordingly to the precast element to be produced, depending on the positioning of the installation element on or in the formwork and the reinforcement. The compensation element guided in and / or on the frame allows for flexible alignment of the installation element. In particular, the installation element or the module for filling the installation element is aligned so that an edge of the module for filling the installation element or the installation element itself is essentially flush with the surface of the precast element or is fully embedded in the precast element.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the method, in method step B), the module for filling the installation element is placed on the formwork, in particular on a formwork base of the formwork, or rests on it. In this case, the precast element is manufactured using reverse fabrication, with the future surface of the precast element being formed on the formwork base. This form of production enables appropriate alignment and positioning of the module by exerting a force on the module for filling the installation element. If necessary, the module or installation element is also fixed in the desired position, for example, to the reinforcement or the formwork itself.

[0051] In a further preferred embodiment, the prefabricated element is manufactured in a stationary production process.

[0052] Alternatively, or preferably additionally, in process step B) the module is arranged so that it is positioned on a side facing away from the formwork floor. Even in this position, the module can be aligned according to the reference mark for filling the installation element. For example, alignment can be such that the end element of the module is flat to the surface of the resulting precast element. In this case, the reference mark corresponds to a precast height of the precast element. Preferably, even with this form of production, the compensation element can be fixed in the appropriate position on the frame of the module or fixed to the reinforcement or formwork of the precast element.

[0053] In a further preferred embodiment, a height of the compensation element of the module of the installation element is adjusted before method step B). The compensation element in particular has a height which is flexible for a large number of prefabricated elements. Thus, it may be necessary, especially in the case of prefabricated elements with a low height, to first adjust the compensation element according to the requirements and the finished height of the prefabricated element. However, this adjustment does not have to be carried out precisely, as is known from the prior art. Rather, the module for filling the installation element enables a certain degree of flexibility and tolerance, so that the height of the compensation element only needs to be roughly adjusted to the later expected height of the prefabricated element. Adjustment and alignment of the compensation element can then be made possible by the module directly during installation.The adjustment of the compensation element takes place directly on-site at the construction site or in the precast plant during installation. The height of the compensation element is adjusted primarily by sawing, cutting, grinding, and / or telescoping. The appropriate method for adjusting the height can be selected depending on the material of the compensation element.

[0054] Alternatively, or preferably additionally, a module opening of the module, particularly on the side facing the formwork, is closed with a closure element and / or sealed against the environment before or during process step B). The installation element itself is thus closed, preventing the penetration of concrete or foreign substances into the installation element, particularly into the sleeve of the installation element, during the production of the precast element. Contamination within the installation element, particularly within the sleeve, can negatively impact subsequent alignment of the precast element or could even render the precast element unusable.

[0055] A preferred embodiment of the method is characterized in that the module is fixed to the formwork and / or that the installation element is fixed to the formwork and / or the reinforcement. This fixation allows the installation element or module to be held in position until the concrete of the precast element has sufficiently hardened, thereby integrating the installation element and the module for filling the installation element into the precast element. Fixation is unnecessary, for example, if the module itself has means for securing the compensation element relative to the frame.

[0056] The method for producing a prefabricated element is designed in particular for producing the aforementioned prefabricated element and / or an advantageous embodiment. The aforementioned prefabricated element can be produced in particular according to a method for producing a prefabricated element as described above or a preferred embodiment thereof.

[0057] The above-mentioned invention is explained and described in more detail with reference to the following figures. They show: Figure 1 shows a module for filling a built-in element; Figures 2a to 2e show various embodiments of the frame or the compensating element in a top view; Figure 3 shows a built-in element with a module for filling the built-in element in a perspective view; Figure 4 shows a built-in element with a module for filling the built-in element in a side view; and Figure 5 shows a detailed view of Figure 4 .

[0058] In Figure 1A module 1 according to the invention is shown in a perspective view. The module 1 comprises a substantially rectangular frame 2, which has four side surfaces 3 and four recesses 4 in the corners of the frame 2. The side surfaces 3 extend in a vertical axis 12. Furthermore, the frame 2 has, on one side of the surface, which extends in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis 12, a connecting element 6 in the form of a circumferential notch, whereby the frame 2 or the module 1 is positively connected to a sleeve 17 of an installation element 16.

[0059] A substantially rectangular compensating element 8 is arranged and guided within the frame 2, which essentially has a U-shaped profile. The compensating element 8 is arranged offset from the frame 2. The compensating element 8 engages in the U-shaped profile of the frame 2 and is movably guided therein. On the side of the compensating element 8 facing away from the frame 2, a closure element 10 in the form of a circumferential cover is also arranged.

[0060] The frame 2 and the compensating element 8 form a channel 14 within the module 1, through which the installation element 16, which is operatively connected to the module 1 for filling, can be filled with a material, in particular a filler material made of a mineral material. The channel 14 has a module opening 11 on the side facing away from the frame 2, through which the filler material is guided into the channel 14 and subsequently into the installation element 16.

[0061] Within the frame 2, at the four corners within the recesses 4, deformation bodies 7 in the form of a spring are arranged, each of which supports the compensating element 8 against the frame 2. The deformation bodies 7 are arranged within the frame 2, with a cover in the form of cover caps being arranged on the recesses 4, which prevent the deformation body 7 from jumping out of the frame 2 when force is applied to the compensating element 8. The deformation bodies 7 resiliently mount the compensating element 8 relative to the frame 2, so that the compensating element 8 can be positioned and aligned accordingly relative to the frame 2 by applying force.In addition, means for fixing, in particular locking elements and / or fixing elements, can be arranged on the frame 2 and / or on the compensating element 8, by means of which the compensating element 8 can be fixed in a certain position relative to the frame 2.

[0062] Both the frame 2 and the compensating element 8 are made of plastic, with the aforementioned elements being manufactured by injection molding. This enables cost-effective and rapid production of the frame 2 and compensating element 8.

[0063] The module 1 thus has a plurality of deformation bodies 7, which are arranged in sections distributed over the frame 2 of the module 1. A plurality of deformation bodies 7 also enables a tilting or inclination of the compensating element 8 relative to the frame 2, so that the module 1 can be aligned accordingly with its surroundings and with respect to a reference mark. The height of the frame 2 and of the springs as deformation bodies 7 is selected such that the deformation body 7 has a compression travel of up to 4 cm, which is formed essentially along the vertical axis 12. The module 1 can thus be varied in its overall height 15 by up to 4 cm by applying appropriate force to the compensating element 8.It is also possible for the compensation element 8 to be constructed in a modular manner, whereby individual sections of the compensation element 8 can be positioned accordingly and thus the overall height 15 of the module 1 can be adjusted in sections.

[0064] In the Figure 2a to 2e Various designs of the frame 2 or the compensating element 8 are shown in a plan view. In addition to a rectangular shape of the frame 3 or the compensating element 8, as shown in Figure 2a As shown, the frame 2 or the compensating element 8 can also have an octagonal shape ( Fig. 2b ), a square shape ( Fig. 2c ), a round shape ( Fig. 2d ) or an oval shape ( Fig. 2e ). In particular, the frame 2 or the compensating element 8 can also be designed as a regular or irregular polygon.

[0065] In Figure 3 an installation element 16 according to the invention is shown, which in addition to the Figure 1illustrated module 1 comprises a sleeve 17 and a cover 18. The sleeve 17 has an elongated extension in the plane perpendicular to the vertical axis 12. A cover opening 19 is formed in the cover 18, through which a (not shown) support element is movably arranged. The sleeve 17 has in its outer surface, in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis 12, a filling opening 20, onto which the module 1 is placed. The outer surface of the sleeve 17 also has a structure, whereby in the production of a prefabricated element from concrete a better anchoring of the installation element 16 in the concrete of the prefabricated element is achieved. However, it is also conceivable and possible to design the outer surface without any structure, in particular to be smooth.

[0066] In Figure 4 is that in Figure 3The illustrated installation element 16 is shown in more detail in a lateral sectional view. The module 1 is anchored in the sleeve 17 of the installation element 16 via connecting elements 6 in the form of projections, whereby a force-locking and form-locking connection between the sleeve 17 and the module 1 is achieved. The anchoring of the module 1 takes place at the filling opening 20, whereby the channel 14 of the module 1 is aligned with the filling opening 20 and enables filling of the interior of the sleeve 17 via the channel 14 and the filling opening 20. As further shown in Figure 3 and 4 As can be seen, the end element 10 is merely plugged onto the compensating element 8 and, if necessary, connected to the compensating element 8 in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner at some points.

[0067] Recesses 4 are formed in the frame 2 of the module 1, in each of which a deformation body 7 in the form of a spring is arranged. Due to the springs as deformation bodies 7, the compensating element 8 is movable relative to the frame 2 and allows the position of the compensating element 8 relative to the frame 2 to be adjusted, whereby the installation element 16 can be easily adapted and aligned to the on-site conditions. The alignment of the installation element 16 is carried out relative to a reference mark specified by a user. For example, a reference mark can be provided by the fact that the total element height of the installation element must not exceed a certain height or the end element 10 of the module 1 should be flush with the surface of a prefabricated element.

[0068] In Figure 5 is the area around frame 2 of the Figure 3 and 4shown installation element 16, which in Figure 4 is circled, shown in more detail. The recess 4 in the frame 2 is accordingly dimensioned such that the deformation body 7 in the form of a spring is guided accordingly through the wall of the frame 2 in the form of the side walls 3. This reduces any play of the spring as a deformation body 7 within the frame 2, whereby a targeted alignment and positioning of the compensating element 8 relative to the frame 2 can be achieved. In particular, a malfunction, for example due to the deformation body 7 jumping out of the frame 2, can be avoided by the appropriate guidance of the deformation body 7 through the wall of the frame 2.

[0069] The compensating element 8 is in direct contact with the deformation body 7 via pressure elements 9, so that a uniform pressure application to the deformation body 7 is achieved with appropriate alignment of the compensating element 8. The pressure element 9 is in the form of a plate in the present case, whereby a uniform pressure application to the deformation body 7 is achieved. Within the U-shaped profile of the frame 2, on the side facing the compensating element 8, anchoring elements 5 are arranged, which in this case, in operative connection with the pressure element 9, prevent the compensating element 8 from being decoupled and separated from the frame 2. The compensating element 8 is thus held within the profile of the frame 2 by the anchoring elements 5. A maximum overall height 15 of the module 1 is determined by the anchoring elements 5.

[0070] In addition to a spring as the deformation body 7, other forms of deformation bodies 7 can also be arranged within the recesses 4 or within the frame 2, for example in the form of expanding and / or pre-compressed materials, such as foam. The hardness or spring constant of the spring as the deformation body 7 also depends on the area of ​​application of the respective installation element. In particular, the springs have a high spring constant, whereby the positioning of the compensating element 8 within the frame 2 of the module 1 requires a certain amount of force. At the same time, a high spring constant prevents the achieved, desired, and fixed positioning of the compensating element 8 within the frame 2 from being changed by simple and unintentional force.

[0071] To enable the greatest possible flexibility and broad application of module 1, the compensating element 8 has a total height of 150 mm. To adjust the overall height of module 1, the compensating element 8 can be machined and shortened accordingly. This is easily achieved by sawing to a specific size, with accuracy being of secondary importance due to the adjustability of the compensating element 8 within the frame 2. This allows for inaccuracies in determining the height of the compensating element 8, as well as unevenness during installation, to be compensated for easily and flexibly. List of reference symbols

[0072] 1)Module 2)Frame 3)Side surface 4)Recess 5)Anchoring element 6)Connecting element 7)Deformation body 8)Compensation element 9)Pressure element (on the compensation element) 10)End element 11)Module opening 12)Vertical axis 13) 14)Channel 15)Total height 16)Installation element 17)Sleeve 18)Cover 19)Cover opening 20)Filling opening

Claims

1. Module (1) for filling an installation element (16), in particular an installation element (16) in a prefabricated concrete element, comprising a frame (2) for arranging the module (1) at an opening (20) of the installation element (16) with at least one side surface (3) which extends along a vertical axis (12) of the frame (2), and a compensating element (8) which is arranged offset from the frame (2) along the vertical axis (12), wherein the compensating element (8) is guided in or on the frame (2) and is movable relative to the frame (2), and wherein the compensating element (8) is adjustable in its position relative to the frame (2).

2. Module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in thatthe module (1) has means for fixing, in particular for reversibly fixing, the compensating element (8) relative to the frame (2), wherein the means for fixing are preferably formed by locking elements and / or fixing elements which are arranged on the frame (2) and / or the compensating element (8).

3. Module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in and / or on the frame (2) and / or on the compensating element (8) at least one deformation body (7) is arranged, on which the compensating element (8) is supported relative to the frame (2), wherein preferably the at least one deformation body (7) is designed to be elastic, in particular reversibly elastic, in particular that the deformation body (7) is a body with restoring force, in particular a spring or an expanding and / or pre-compressed material, for example a foam.

4. Module (1) according to claim 3, characterized in thatthe deformation body (7) is arranged in sections in the frame (2) and / or on the compensating element (8), in particular that a plurality of deformation bodies (7) are arranged in a distributed manner, preferably that the frame (2) is essentially angular, preferably polygonal, in particular rectangular, and in each case one deformation body (7) is arranged in the corners of the frame (2).

5. Module (1) according to one of the preceding claims 3 or 4, characterized in that in and / or on the frame (2) at least one recess (4) is formed for the at least one deformation body (7) and / or that the deformation body (7) is arranged circumferentially on the compensating element (8) and / or that the compensating element (8) has at least one pressure element (9), in particular a plate, which is in operative connection with the at least one deformation body (7).

6. Module (1) according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 5, characterized in thatthe deformation body (7) has a compression path along its direction of extension, which runs substantially parallel to the vertical axis (12), of up to 2 cm, preferably of up to 3 cm, particularly preferably of up to 5 cm and / or that the deformation body (7) in the module (1) has a minimum compression with a compression path along its direction of extension, which runs substantially parallel to the vertical axis (12), of at least 0.1 cm, preferably of at least 0.3 cm, particularly preferably of at least 0.5 cm.

7. Module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe frame (2) has a substantially U-shaped profile and / or that the frame (2) and / or the compensating element (8) has at least one anchoring element (5) for anchoring the compensating element (8) to the frame (2) and / or that the compensating element (8) and / or the frame (2) are formed from plastic, in particular that the compensating element (8) and / or the frame (2) can be produced by injection molding, and / or that the compensating element (8) and / or the frame (2) are formed from a metal sheet, wherein the metal sheet preferably has a thickness of a maximum of 2 mm, particularly preferably of a maximum of 1.5 mm, most preferably of a maximum of 1 mm.

8. Module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe compensating element (8) has a closing element (10) on its side facing away from the frame (2), in particular a plate, preferably a wooden plate, or an optical cover, wherein the closing element (10) preferably substantially closes a module opening (11) and / or seals it off from the environment.

9. Module (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the closing element (10) is formed integrally with the compensating element (8), in particular that the compensating element (8) forms with the closing element (10) a body which is open only on one side and which is preferably substantially cuboid-shaped, wherein a body opening is formed on the side facing the frame (2).

10. Module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe compensating element (8) has a height of 20 mm to 150 mm, preferably from 40 mm to 100 mm, and / or that the compensating element (8) is variable in height, in particular adjustable, preferably by sawing and / or cutting and / or telescoping and / or that the module (1) has a total height of 20 mm to 150 mm, preferably from 40 mm to 100 mm, and / or that at least one connecting element (6) for the non-positive and / or positive connection of the module (1) to the installation element (16) is arranged on the frame (2), in particular that the connecting element (6) is designed as a catch or a clip.

11. Installation element (16) for a prefabricated element, in particular for a prefabricated element made of concrete, comprising a preferably elongated sleeve (17) and a module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the module (1) is arranged at an opening (20) in the outer surface of the sleeve (17), which opening (20) extends substantially in a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis of the module (1), in particular that the module (1) is connected to the sleeve (17) and / or in particular that the module (1) is formed integrally with the sleeve (17), in particular that the frame (2) of the module (1) is part of the sleeve.

12. Installation element (16) according to claim 11, characterized in thatthe installation element (16) is designed for the force-transmitting connection of a first load-bearing building part, in particular a building wall, to a second supported building part, in particular a stair part or a platform slab, wherein the installation element (16) cooperates with a support element extending in the sleeve (17) and movable relative to the sleeve (17), preferably that the installation element (16) comprises the support element.

13. Installation element (16) according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the sleeve (17) and optionally the module (1), in particular the installation element (16), can be filled with a hardenable material, in particular can be completely filled, wherein the hardenable material is preferably a mineral material, for example a mortar or cast concrete.

14. Prefabricated concrete element, with at least one built-in element (16) according to one of claims 11 to 13 and with reinforcement, wherein the built-in element (16) is integrated into the concrete of the prefabricated element.

15. A method for producing a precast concrete element, in particular a precast element according to claim 14, comprising the steps: A) providing at least one installation element (16) according to one of claims 16 to 20 and a formwork for the precast element, which formwork essentially corresponds to the later shape of the precast element; B) arranging the installation element (16) and a reinforcement in and / or on the formwork; C) aligning the installation element (16) relative to a reference mark by applying force to the module (1) of the installation element (16); D) pouring liquid concrete into the formwork and hardening the concrete; and E) removing the precast element from the formwork after hardening.

16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that in method step B) the module (1) for filling the installation element (16) is placed or rests on the formwork, in particular on a formwork floor, or that in method step B) the module (1) is arranged such that it is positioned on a side facing away from the formwork floor.

17. Method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that a height of a compensation element (8) of the module (1) of the installation element (16) is adjusted before method step B), in particular by sawing and / or cutting and / or telescoping, and / or that a module opening (11) of the module (1), in particular on the side facing the formwork, is closed and / or sealed against the environment with a closing element (10) before or during method step B) and / or that the module (1) is fixed to the formwork and / or that the installation element (16) is fixed to the formwork and / or the reinforcement.

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