Cooling concept of a dynamo-electric machine with inverter modules

Abstract

The invention relates to a dynamo-electric rotary machine (1) comprising: a stator (2) having a hollow-cylindrical, magnetically conductive body, in particular an axially layered lamination stack (11), which has grooves (31) in the region of its inner casing surface, which are provided with electrical conductors (8), wherein these electrical conductors (8) are electrically contacted by at least one short-circuit ring (9) on an end side of the magnetically conductive body of the stator, wherein these electrical conductors (8) are electrically contacted on the other end side of the magnetically conductive body by a plurality of inverter modules (6) for controlling the respective electrical conductor (8); a rotor (3) spaced apart from the stator (2) by an air gap (23), designed as a squirrel-cage rotor and having short-circuit rings (24) on its end sides, wherein the conductors (8) and / or the inverter modules (6) and / or the rotor and / or the short-circuit ring (9) of the stator (2) can each be cooled, at least in sections, by a gaseous medium, in particular air.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Cooling concept of a dynamoelectric machine with inverter modules

[0003] The invention relates to a dynamoelectric machine with inverter modules and a method for cooling a dynamoelectric machine with inverter modules.

[0004] Winding systems of stators of dynamoelectric machines are constructed from winding wires or conductor bars that are arranged in slots of a magnetically conductive body of the stator.

[0005] If the winding system does not consist of a distributed three-phase winding using cables or wires, but rather of a large number of conductor bars, a high current is required due to the relatively low inductance. This high current requires only a relatively low voltage (< 100V) due to the low ohmic resistance of the conductor bars. This low voltage makes it possible to arrange the inverter modules used to control the conductor bars at a relatively short distance from one another on the dynamoelectric machine.

[0006] These conductor bars are connected to one another on one end face of the magnetically conductive body of the stator via a short-circuit ring, and are fed on the other end face of the magnetically conductive body of the stator by respectively assigned inverter modules, as is known, for example, from DE 10 2005 032 965 A1.

[0007] These low voltages resulting from the winding concept enable a compact design of the entire drive, i.e., the dynamoelectric machine and the power electronics. Due to the compact design and the comparatively high currents, comparatively high losses occur in the power electronics and in the conductor bars, as well as their transitions.

[0008] To date, drives in the higher power range (> 0.5 MW) have generally been designed using gas (especially air) or liquid (especially water) cooling to meet the specific needs of the dynamo-electric machine and, separately, also for the converter installed separately.

[0009] Based on this, the invention is based on the object of creating an efficient and simple cooling system for such a dynamoelectric machine, particularly for higher power classes (rated power > 0.5 MW). Furthermore, an efficient method for cooling such a dynamoelectric machine is to be provided.

[0010] The stated object is achieved by a dynamoelectric rotary machine with a stator which has a hollow cylindrical magnetically conductive body, in particular an axially layered laminated core, which has grooves in the region of its inner circumferential surface which are provided with electrical conductors, wherein these electrical conductors are electrically contacted on one end face of the magnetically conductive body of the stator by at least one short-circuit ring, wherein these electrical conductors are electrically contacted on the other end face of the magnetically conductive body with a plurality of inverter modules for controlling the respective electrical conductors, a rotor which is spaced from the stator by an air gap and which is designed as a squirrel-cage rotor and has short-circuit rings on its end faces,wherein the conductors and / or the inverter modules and / or the rotor and / or the short-circuit ring of the stator can each be cooled at least in sections by means of a gaseous medium, in particular air.

[0011] The electrical conductor arranged in a groove can be solid, a hollow conductor bar, or a conductor bar constructed from partial conductors.

[0012] The conductor bar of each slot is constructed from parallel conductor sections. This avoids certain current displacement effects that occur with larger, especially solid, conductor cross-sections. Furthermore, this type of conductor structure makes it possible to control a predefined number of conductor sections of a conductor bar via a separate inverter module. In other words, a conductor bar constructed from a predefined number of conductor sections can be divided into subgroups, with each subgroup being electrically assignable to and contactable with one or more inverter modules.

[0013] In a further embodiment, the partial conductors of a conductor bar are arranged in the groove in a Roebel manner in order to further reduce current displacement effects.

[0014] The hollow or solid conductor bars in the stator and / or rotor are cooled by air flowing around or through the conductor bars, at least in sections. The conductor bars in the slot can also be divided into parallel sub-conductors, which – viewed along the axial length of a stator slot – run straight (in the same position) or twisted (changing position) within this slot.

[0015] The dynamoelectric rotary machine has a stator short-circuit ring and / or rotor short-circuit rings made up of axially spaced individual rings and / or circumferentially joined ring segments. This simplifies manufacturing and improves cooling of the short-circuit rings and / or the conductor sections located there.

[0016] To improve the cooling effect, the rotor's short-circuit rings have fan elements that serve to generate a, in particular, substantially radial, cooling air flow. This cooling air flow serves, among other things, to cool the stator's short-circuit ring and / or the inverter modules of the dynamoelectric rotary machine.

[0017] These fan elements are arranged on the front side of the rotor's short-circuit rings and / or between the axially divided individual rings of a rotor short-circuit ring. Axial spacing of individual discs of the stator's short-circuit ring and / or the inverter modules improves the cooling effect of these components.

[0018] Short-circuit rings can of course also be made in one piece.

[0019] The short-circuit ring could be formed by spaced individual sheets or axially assembled individual sheets or a solid ring, which is preferably contacted with the conductor bars by the high-pressure process, which also fixes the waveguides in the stator core.

[0020] In a further design, the function of the rotor's short-circuit ring(s) can be supplemented or independently assumed by the rotor's short-circuit ring(s) by forming blade-like or fan-like elements on the short-circuit ring. In a rotor short-circuit ring constructed from axially spaced discs, blade-like or fan-like elements are arranged axially between the individual discs.

[0021] The dynamoelectric rotary machine has a magnetically conductive body in the stator and rotor, in particular axially layered laminated cores, wherein the conductors are positioned in slots in the stator and rotor. The laminated cores have essentially optionally axially extending cooling channels and / or axially divided and axially spaced-apart partial laminated cores of the stator and / or rotor. The magnetically conductive bodies of the stator and / or rotor, in particular their laminated cores, can thus be cooled by axial and radial air flows.

[0022] In the case of a rotor laminated core consisting of axially spaced partial laminated cores, the spacers arranged between the partial laminated cores are preferably also designed as blade- or fan-like elements in order to convey air directly - if present - into the slots lying radially above between the partial laminated cores of the stator when the rotor rotates.

[0023] A self-ventilating function can thus be generated by fans and fan blades specifically positioned on the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, and / or by blade- or fan-like elements on and / or in the short-circuit rings of the rotor and / or blade- or fan-like elements between the partial laminated cores of the rotor as soon as the rotor rotates.

[0024] Independent fans are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the shaft carrying the rotor and are arranged radially inside the short-circuit rings of the stator and / or rotor.

[0025] The cooling of the drive or the dynamoelectric machine with the inverter modules can be entirely open (heat exchange with the ambient air, e.g., via air slots in the machine housing), or it can be designed as a closed internal cooling circuit (primary circuit) within the machine housing with a secondary cooling device for cooling the air flow of the primary circuit. The required air flows (for open and closed circuits) or the conveyance of the cooling media can be provided by internal fans and / or external fans.

[0026] The primary circuit is a gaseous cooling flow, in particular an air flow or an air flow distribution, independent of one- or two-sided ventilation (Z or X ventilation) within the dynamoelectric machine, which flows onto and / or around and / or through components of the machine, including inverter modules, short-circuit rings of the stator and / or rotor, magnetically conductive bodies of the stator and / or rotor (e.g. laminated cores or partial laminated cores), conductors, at least housing sections, end shields and bearings and is designed as a closed circuit (internal cooling circuit) which has no flow contact to the outside.

[0027] The air flow of the primary circuit is generated by one or more internal fans and / or external fans, pushing or sucking inside the housing of the dynamoelectric machine.

[0028] The term secondary circuit refers to a cooling flow, liquid cooling flow (e.g. based on water) or a gaseous cooling flow (e.g. based on air) in the add-on cooler, which is thermally coupled with the cooling flow of the primary circuit, i.e. can recool it, whereby the cooling flow or cooling flow distribution, in particular air of the secondary circuit, is generated by internal and / or external fans or corresponding pumps in a pushing or sucking manner.

[0029] The secondary circuit is preferably open, meaning it is operated with ambient air, which is drawn in from the environment, heated by the medium of the primary circuit, and then released back into the environment. This allows a dynamoelectric machine equipped with such an add-on cooler to be installed in almost any location. If necessary, filter mats or air filters for heavily contaminated air should be provided upstream of the secondary circuit.

[0030] Each air flow of both the primary circuit and the secondary circuit can be divided into parallel flow paths, at least in sections, within its flow path, particularly during the heat exchange between the primary circuit and the secondary circuit. This is advantageously achieved by means of guide devices in the dynamoelectric machine and / or in a secondary circuit designed as an add-on cooler, in order to optimize the cooling effect of the flow in the primary circuit and / or the secondary circuit.

[0031] The internal cooling circuit or primary circuit of the dynamoelectric rotating machine can be designed as Z- or X-ventilation.

[0032] One-sided ventilation (Z-ventilation) of the internal cooling circuit is the ventilation of dynamoelectric machines in which an air flow (primary circuit) is fed into a winding head chamber on one side of the dynamoelectric machine and then flows to the other winding head chamber via various parallel and / or serial flow channels - winding head, back of the stator laminated core, radial cooling channels, air gap, etc. From there, the heated air from the primary circuit flows via one or more fans - internal or external fans - into the add-on cooler for recooling.

[0033] The air from the primary circuit is thus led via one winding overhang chamber into the housing of the dynamoelectric machine and from there via the winding overhang and the laminated cores and / or the air gap into the other winding overhang chamber. From there, the now heated cooling air flow is cooled via the add-on cooler using the secondary circuit. The ventilation of the dynamoelectric machine is referred to as two-sided ventilation (X-ventilation) of the internal cooling circuit. In this case, an air flow (primary circuit) is fed into the winding overhang chamber on both sides of the dynamoelectric machine and then reaches the add-on cooler essentially centrally on the back of the stator laminated core via various parallel and / or serial flow channels - including the winding overhang, the back of the stator laminated core, radial cooling channels, the air gap, etc.The heated air from the primary circuit is conveyed by one or more fans—either internal or external—into the add-on cooler for recooling. Corresponding, particularly adjustable, baffle elements improve the flow pattern of the primary circuit.

[0034] The secondary circuit, particularly the top-mounted cooler of the dynamoelectric rotary machine, is designed as a tube cooler or plate cooler, with air or water as the cooling medium. Such closed cooling circuits are best implemented with the following top-mounted coolers: (air-to-air cooling units via tube or plate coolers; or air-to-liquid cooling units via jacket or top-mounted coolers). Adjustable guide devices, such as nozzle elements or baffle elements, direct and / or branch the air flow from the primary circuit and / or secondary circuit.

[0035] The inverter modules are cooled by radial and / or axial air flow and are targeted at particularly high heat loads.

[0036] In addition, the individual inverter modules can also be part of a separate fluid circuit.

[0037] The short-circuit rings of the stator and / or rotor are targeted, surrounded, or flowed through by radial and / or axial airflow. The number of electrical contact points, particularly between the inverter modules and their conductor bars, should be reduced and designed with low resistance to avoid contact resistance, which also contributes to heating. Suitable methods include cold spray, high-pressure joining, welding, and soldering.

[0038] The axial layering not only of the short-circuit rings of the rotor and stator, but also of the magnetically conductive body of the stator and rotor is also advantageous for the prevention of eddy currents.

[0039] The cooling of conductor bars (regardless of the design - hollow, solid, partial conductor, twisted), the short-circuit rings of the stator and rotor (one-piece or axially divided), as well as the inverter modules (axially divided) and / or the laminated cores of the stator and rotor enable the heat dissipation of the drive and can therefore also prevent the heat flow from the machine into the inverter modules - at least partially.

[0040] The invention and further advantageous embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments shown in principle, in which:

[0041] FIG 1 perspective view of a dynamoelectric machine,

[0042] FIG 2 Longitudinal section of a basic representation of a dynamoelectric machine,

[0043] FIGS 3 to 6 Longitudinal sections of a front side of the dynamo-electric machine,

[0044] FIG 7 Section of the laminated cores of stator and rotor,

[0045] FIG 8 Longitudinal section of a basic representation of a dynamoelectric machine with add-on cooler,

[0046] FIG 9 Cross section of a slot. It should be noted that terms such as "axial", "radial", "tangential" etc. refer to the axis 5 used in the respective figure or in the respective described example. In other words, the directions axial, radial, tangential always refer to an axis 5 of the rotor 3 and thus to the corresponding axis of symmetry of the stator 2. "Axial" describes a direction parallel to the axis 5, "radial" describes a direction orthogonal to the axis 5, towards it or away from it, and "tangential" is a direction that is at a constant radial distance from the axis 5 and, at a constant axial position, is directed in a circle around the axis 5. The expression "in the circumferential direction" is synonymous with "tangential".

[0047] With reference to a surface, e.g. a cross-sectional area, the terms "axial", "radial", "tangential" etc. describe the orientation of the normal vector of the surface, i.e. the vector that is perpendicular to the surface in question.

[0048] The term "coaxial components," e.g., coaxial components such as rotor 3 and stator 2, refers to components that have the same normal vectors, i.e., for which the planes defined by the coaxial components are parallel to each other. Furthermore, the term should imply that the centers of coaxial components lie on the same rotation or symmetry axis. However, these centers may be located at different axial positions on this axis, and the planes mentioned may therefore have a distance >0 from each other. The term does not necessarily require that coaxial components have the same radius.

[0049] The term "complementary" in the context of two components which are "complementary" to one another means that their external shapes are designed in such a way that one component can preferably be arranged completely within its complementary component, so that the inner surface of one component and the outer surface of the other component ideally touch each other without gaps or over their entire surface, at least in sections. Consequently, in the case of two objects which are complementary to one another, the external shape of one object is determined by the external shape of the other object. The term "complementary" could be replaced by the term "inverse".

[0050] For the sake of clarity, in some cases where components are present more than once, not all of the components shown are provided with reference symbols in the figures.

[0051] The described embodiments of the cooling of such a drive or dynamoelectric machine 1 can be combined as desired. Likewise, individual features of the respective embodiments can be combined with features of other embodiments without departing from the essence of the invention.

[0052] 1 shows a perspective view of the basic structure of a dynamoelectric machine 1 according to the invention. Inverter modules 6 are arranged on one end face of the magnetically conductive body of a stator 2. On the other end face of the magnetically conductive body of the stator 2 there is a short-circuit ring 9 of the stator 2 which electrically contacts and short-circuits the individual conductor bars 8 of the stator 2 arranged in slots 31. The magnetically conductive body of the stator 2 is constructed as an axially layered laminated core 11. A rotor 3 is arranged radially spaced from the stator 2 by an air gap 23. This rotor 3 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a shaft 4 which can rotate about an axis 5. In this case the rotor 3 is designed with a short-circuit cage 10. The magnetically conductive body of the rotor 3 is constructed as an axially layered laminated core 12.

[0053] The inverter modules 6 are also arranged axially in a layered manner, provided that several inverter modules 6 are present per conductor bar. The inverter modules 6 are connected to their respective conductors, in particular conductor bars, via connecting elements 7, which can carry the required currents (> 1000A) as operating current.

[0054] 8 , electrically, in particular low-resistance contacted .

[0055] The conductor bars 8 can also be divided into parallel partial conductors 81 in the groove 31. This avoids certain current displacement effects that arise with larger conductor cross-sections. Furthermore, such a conductor structure according to FIG. 9 makes it possible to control a predefined number of partial conductors 81 of a conductor bar 8 via a separate inverter module 6.

[0056] In FIG. 9, several sub-conductors 6 are assigned to an inverter module 6 by way of example. Other assignments on the same radial plane or on one side of the groove 31 are also possible.

[0057] In other words, a conductor bar 8, which is constructed from a predeterminable number of partial conductors 81, can be divided into several subgroups, each subgroup being electrically assignable to and contactable with one or more inverter modules 10. Thus, only one partial conductor 81 can be assigned to an inverter module 6. Due to the low voltage levels, the partial conductors 81 per slot 31 are provided with no or a comparatively thin insulation layer.

[0058] The shaft 4 is supported via bearings 35 and bearing shields 36 on a housing 28 and / or a cover 13 of the dynamoelectric machine 1.

[0059] FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a dynamoelectric machine 1 shown in principle, wherein, among other things, the sections of this dynamoelectric machine 1 described in more detail below are shown in addition to FIG. 1. In this illustration, in addition to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, it is shown that axially extending cooling channels 14 can also be provided in the laminated core 11 of the stator 2, wherein axially extending cooling channels 14 can also be provided in the rotor 3 in its laminated core 12 radially inside the squirrel cage 10.

[0060] On one end face of the stator 2, the respective inverter modules 6 are electrically contacted at the ends of the conductor bars 8 projecting axially from this end face.

[0061] FIG. 3 shows the other end face of the stator 2, wherein both the short-circuit ring 9 of the stator 2 and the short-circuit ring 24 of the rotor 3 are constructed from partial disks 15, 16. This allows, for example, an air flow 18 to flow radially between the partial disks 15, 16 of the short-circuit rings 9, 24 of the stator 2 and rotor 3 and thus, due to the larger surface areas of these short-circuit rings 9, 24, to efficiently cool both these short-circuit rings 9, 24 and the sections of the conductor bars 8 located there.

[0062] The air flow 18 can be generated by a separate fan (not shown in detail) and / or a self-contained fan 17 (shown in principle), which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the shaft 4. The radially conveyed air flow 18 is drawn in, among other things, axially via the cooling channel 14, thereby also cooling the laminated core 12 of the rotor 3.

[0063] FIG. 4 also shows the other end face of the stator 2, where the short-circuit ring 9 of the stator 2 and the short-circuit ring 24 of the rotor 3 are now formed as a single piece. An air flow 18, which is now provided by one or more internal fans 17 and / or one or more external fans, can thus flow around these single-piece short-circuit rings 9, 24 and the sections of the conductor bars 8.

[0064] FIG. 5 also shows the other end face of the stator 2, wherein, in contrast to FIG. 4, the short-circuit ring 24 of the rotor 3 now has fan elements 19 on its end face, which generate a radial air flow towards the short-circuit ring 9 of the stator 2. The air is also, as in the embodiments according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, drawn from, among other things, the cooling channel 14 of the rotor 3 and the wider environment.

[0065] FIG. 6 also shows the other end face of the stator 2, with the short-circuit ring 24 of the rotor 3 now constructed from partial disks 16 that are spaced apart from one another and thus have fan elements 19 between the partial disks 16 of the short-circuit ring 24, which also generate an internal fan function. The internal fan function is provided by the corresponding internal fans or fan elements 19 as soon as the rotor 3 rotates.

[0066] FIG 7 shows a section of the dynamoelectric machine 1 with an end face of the stator 2, wherein the short-circuit rings 9, 24 are only shown in principle. In this embodiment, the laminated core 11, 12 of the stator 2 and rotor 3 is divided into axially layered partial laminated cores 20, 21, wherein spacers 27 of the rotor 3 in particular are designed as fan-like elements which generate a self-ventilating function when the rotor 3 rotates and thus, among other things, convey cooling air from the duct 14 at least partially radially through the slot 26 of the rotor 3 and the slot 25 of the stator 2. Cooling air for the slots 25 of the stator 2 can also be provided via the air gap 23.

[0067] In order to achieve an improved cooling effect, the short-circuit rings 9, 24 of the stator 2 and rotor 3 can be arranged axially offset.

[0068] An axial distance 30 between the inverter modules 6 also enables efficient air cooling.

[0069] The dynamoelectric rotary machines 1 according to the invention have an open cooling circuit, as previously implicitly described. In a further embodiment according to FIG. 8, they can also have a closed internal cooling circuit or primary circuit 33, which is recooled. In principle, the cooling of this drive, i.e. the dynamoelectric machine 1, with the inverter modules 6 can be open (heat exchange with the ambient air takes place, e.g., via air slots in the housing of the machine using ambient air). Alternatively, the cooling of this drive, i.e. the dynamoelectric machine 1, with the inverter modules 6 can also take place via a closed internal cooling circuit (primary circuit 33) within the housing 28, with the internal cooling circuit (primary circuit 33) being recooled by a secondary cooling device (secondary cooling circuit 34).

[0070] FIG 8 shows a closed internal cooling circuit (primary circuit 33) within the housing 28 with a secondary cooling device (top cooler 22) for cooling the air flow of the primary circuit 33.

[0071] The add-on cooler 22 can be designed as a tube cooler or plate cooler, in which case there is a primary-side X-ventilation of the drive (in particular dynamoelectric machine 1, with the inverter modules 6).

[0072] The primary circuit 33 is a gaseous cooling flow, in particular an air flow or an air flow distribution, which flows against and / or around and / or through components of the dynamoelectric machine 1, such as inverter modules 6, short-circuit rings 9, 24 of stator 2 and / or rotor 3, magnetically conductive bodies of stator 2 and / or rotor 3 (e.g. laminated cores 11, 12 or partial laminated cores 20, 21), conductors 8, at least housing sections, bearing shields 36 and bearings 35, and is designed as a closed circuit (internal cooling circuit or primary circuit 33) which has no flow contact to the outside. The air flow of the primary circuit 33 is generated by one or more internal fans 17 and / or external fans 32 in a pushing or sucking manner within the housing 28 of the dynamoelectric machine 1.

[0073] The secondary circuit 34 is a cooling flow, liquid cooling flow (e.g. based on water) or a gaseous cooling flow (e.g. based on air) in an add-on cooler 22, which is thermally coupled to the cooling flow of the primary circuit 33, i.e. can recool it, wherein the cooling flow or a cooling flow distribution, in particular air of the secondary circuit 34, is generated by internal and / or external fans or corresponding pumps, in a pushing or sucking manner.

[0074] The secondary circuit 34 is preferably open, i.e. it is operated with ambient air which draws in air from the environment, heats it up using the medium in the primary circuit 33, and then releases it back into the environment. This means that the dynamoelectric machine 1, equipped with such an add-on cooler 22, can be set up in almost any location without having to worry about the interior of the drive (dynamoelectric machine 1 with the inverter modules 6) becoming dirty. Only the heat exchangers of the add-on cooler 22, such as tubes or plates, need to be cleaned. In addition, filter mats or air filters for heavily polluted air may need to be provided upstream of the inlet to the secondary circuit 34, if necessary.

[0075] In this case, each air flow of both the primary circuit 33 and the secondary circuit 34 can be divided into parallel flow paths at least in sections within its flow path, in particular during the heat exchange between the primary circuit 33 and the secondary circuit 34, which increases the efficiency of the recooling.

[0076] This is advantageously done by means of guide devices in the dynamo-electric machine 1 and / or in the secondary circuit 34 designed as an add-on cooler 22 in order to optimize the cooling effect of the primary circuit 33 and / or secondary circuit 34.

[0077] The internal cooling circuit of the dynamoelectric machine 1 , with the inverter modules 6 - i.e. the primary circuit 33 - can be designed as Z- or X-ventilation.

[0078] One-sided ventilation (Z-ventilation) of the internal cooling circuit refers to the ventilation of the dynamoelectric machine 1, in which an air flow (primary circuit 33) is fed into a winding head chamber on one side of the dynamoelectric machine 1 and then reaches the other winding head chamber via various parallel and / or serial flow channels - including the winding head, the back of the laminated core 11 of the stator 2, radial cooling channels, the air gap 23, etc. From there, the heated air of the primary circuit 33 is driven by one or more fans - internal fans or external fans - into the add-on cooler 22 for recooling.

[0079] The air of the primary circuit 33 is thus guided via one winding head chamber into the housing 28 of the dynamoelectric machine 1 and from there, via the winding head and the laminated cores 11, 12 and / or the air gap 23, among other things, into the other winding head chamber. From there, the cooling air flow, which may now be further heated, is recooled via the add-on cooler 22 by means of the secondary circuit 34.

[0080] The ventilation of the dynamoelectric machine 1 is referred to as two-sided ventilation (X-ventilation) of the internal cooling circuit, in which an air flow (primary circuit 33) is fed into the respective winding head space on both sides of the dynamoelectric machine 1 and then reaches the top cooler 22 essentially in the center of the back of the stator laminated core via various parallel and / or serial flow channels - including the winding head, the back of the laminated core 11 of the stator 2, the radial cooling channels 25, 26, the air gap 23, the slots 25, 26, etc. The heated air from the primary circuit 33 is conveyed into the top cooler 22 for recooling by one or more fans - internal fans or external fans. Corresponding, in particular adjustable, aperture elements, such as nozzle elements 29, improve the flow pattern of the primary circuit 33 by creating special "hot spots" (e.g.Inverter modules 6) within the primary circuit 33 can be specifically controlled fluidically.

[0081] The secondary circuit 34—i.e., the top-mounted cooler 22—of the dynamoelectric rotary machine 1 can be provided as a tube cooler or plate cooler, whose cooling medium is air or water. Such closed primary cooling circuits 33 are best implemented on the secondary side with the following top-mounted coolers 22 (air-to-air cooling units via tube or plate coolers; or air-to-liquid cooling units via at least a partially circumferential jacket or top-mounted cooler).

[0082] The top cooler 22 has channels or flow paths (not shown in detail) of the primary circuit 33 and the secondary circuit 34. It also has corresponding openings in the housing 28 to implement the respective cooling principles.

[0083] Adjustable guide devices such as nozzle elements 29 or baffle elements guide and / or branch the air flow of the primary circuit 33 within the housing 28 to the respective heat sources.

[0084] Guide devices for the cooling air flow can also be provided in the secondary circuit 34.

[0085] Such a drive, i.e., the dynamoelectric machine 1, with conductor bars 8 that can be separately controlled via inverter modules 6, is particularly suitable for industrial plants where rapidly changing operating conditions are required and where control-related reactions of the drive are necessary within a very short time (adjustment of a magnetic axial or radial tension, reaction to rotor vibrations, speed adjustments, redundancy of the machine 1 in the event of failure of a conductor bar 8 or its inverter modules 6, etc.).

Claims

Patent claims 1. A dynamo-electric rotary machine (1) comprising a stator (2) comprising a hollow cylindrical magnetically conductive body, in particular an axially layered laminated core (11) having slots (31) in the region of its inner surface which are provided with electrical conductors (8), wherein these electrical conductors (8) are electrically contacted on one end face of the magnetically conductive body of the stator by at least one short-circuit ring (9), wherein these electrical conductors (8) are electrically contacted on the other end face of the magnetically conductive body with a plurality of inverter modules (6) for controlling the respective electrical conductors (8), a rotor (3) spaced from the stator (2) by an air gap (23), which is designed as a squirrel-cage rotor and has short-circuit rings (24) on its end faces,wherein the conductors (8) and / or the inverter modules (6) and / or the rotor (3) and / or the short-circuit ring (9) of the stator (2) are each at least partially coolable by means of a gaseous medium, in particular air, wherein the electrical conductors (8) per slot (31) are designed as conductor rods constructed from partial conductors.

2. Dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the short-circuit ring (9) of the stator (2) and / or the short-circuit rings (24) of the rotor (3) are constructed from axially spaced individual rings (15,16) and / or from ring segments .

3. Dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the short-circuit rings (24) of the rotor (3) fan elements (19) are mounted on- feature which serve to generate, in particular, a substantially radial cooling airflow (18).

4. Dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the fan elements (19) are arranged on the short-circuit rings (24) of the rotor (3) and / or between the axially divided individual rings (16) of a short-circuit ring (24) of the rotor (3).

5. Dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetically conductive body, in particular the laminated cores (11, 12), are axially subdivided and spaced apart from one another, thus forming partial laminated cores (20, 21) of stator (2) and / or rotor (3).

6. Dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one intrinsic fan (17) and / or one external fan (32) is provided.

7. Dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the intrinsic fan (17) is rotationally fixed to a shaft (4) supporting the rotor (3) and is arranged radially within the short-circuit rings (9, 24) of stator (2) and / or rotor (3).

8. Dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the self-fan (17) and / or external fan (32) is arranged radially below the inverter modules (6).

9. Dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by - Figure 1 shows that the machine (1) has a closed internal cooling circuit or primary circuit (33).

10. Dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the internal cooling circuit is designed as Z or X ventilation.

11. Dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a tube cooler or plate cooler is provided as the secondary circuit (34), the cooling medium of which is air or water.

12. Method for cooling a dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) with a stator (2) comprising a hollow cylindrical magnetically conductive body, in particular an axially layered laminated core (11) having grooves (31) in the region of its inner surface which are provided with electrical conductors (8), wherein these electrical conductors (8) are electrically contacted on one end face of the magnetically conductive body of the stator by at least one short-circuit ring (9), wherein these electrical conductors (8) are electrically contacted on the other end face of the magnetically conductive body with a plurality of inverter modules (6) for controlling the respective electrical conductors (8), - wherein the electrical conductors (8) per slot (31) are designed as conductor bars constructed from partial conductors, a rotor (3) separated from the stator (2) by an air gap (23), which is designed as a squirrel-cage rotor and has short-circuit rings (24) on its end faces, wherein the conductors (8) and / or the inverter modules (6) and / or the rotor (3) and / or the short-circuit ring (9) of the stator (2) are each connected at least section by means of a gaseous medium, in particular air, can be cooled by influencing the course and / or temperature of the partial air flows in both the primary and / or secondary circuits by measuring the temperature of these partial air flows, which are only thermally coupled.

13. Method for cooling a dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the temperature and / or the cooling quantity throughput of primary circuit (33) and / or secondary circuit (34) is determined by means of sensors and / or calculations.

14. Method for cooling a dynamoelectric rotary machine (1) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that external fans (32) which can be switched on by a higher-level control system and / or actuators which can influence an airflow are controlled accordingly.

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