Wind engine with a horizontal rotor

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind engine (10) having a horizontal rotor (18) for generating usable energy from wind power. The wind engine (10) according to the invention has a horizontally arranged rotor (18) which is connected to a rotor shaft (12) by means of at least one fastening element. The wind engine also has a supporting frame (13) which is designed to rotatably mount the rotor shaft (12). An energy converter is connected to the rotor shaft (12) and designed to convert a rotational movement of the rotor shaft (12) into another form of energy. At least two vanes (11) are arranged on the rotor (18) here, the vanes being fastened to the rotor (18) in a manner rotatable about their own axis of rotation, wherein the vanes (11) are designed to convert wind energy acting on them into a rotational movement of the rotor (18). Here, the vanes (11) are fastened to the rotor (18) in that half of the vanes (11) which is at the front in the direction of rotation of the rotor (18).

Description

[0001] Wind turbine with horizontal rotor

[0002] The invention relates to a wind turbine with a horizontal rotor for generating usable energy through wind power.

[0003] Due to global warming, efforts to develop sustainable, so-called "green," energy sources have steadily intensified in recent years. Wind turbines, which generate usable energy, usually electrical, from wind, are one of the most widespread technical solutions.

[0004] Wind turbines extract energy from airflow (wind) and harness it to power, for example, a generator or pump, i.e., an energy converter. The energy is extracted from the wind using a rotor and attached rotor blades or vanes, which convert the wind flow into a rotary motion of the rotor. A distinction can be made between two operating principles: the utilization of the flow resistance of the rotor blades or vanes, as in traditional windmills, and the utilization of the lift of the airflowing rotor blades, as is common in aircraft, for example.

[0005] With regard to the basic design, a distinction must be made between wind turbines with vertical and wind turbines with horizontal rotor shafts. In wind turbines with a horizontal rotor shaft, the rotor is arranged vertically and ideally aligned so that the wind flows head-on, i.e. in the direction of the rotor shaft, perpendicular to the rotor. For optimal efficiency, the rotor must therefore always be aligned with the wind. This entails a high level of technical complexity and has the disadvantage that it is not possible to react to short-term changes in wind direction. Such wind turbines usually have rotor blades with a single wing cross-section and are therefore primarily based on utilizing the lift created by this airflow-around wing cross-section. The rotor and rotor shaft are located in a nacelle high above the ground.

[0006] A further disadvantage of wind turbines with horizontally arranged rotor shafts is that the energy converter intended for converting the energy – usually in the form of a generator – is best located in the nacelle, i.e., at the level of the rotor shaft. This results in the nacelle having a high mass, which causes problems with regard to the statics, particularly the buckling strength of the machine. These problems are further exacerbated by the fact that the wind pressure on the nacelle poses additional major challenges to the statics. Therefore, high-strength, high-tech materials, such as composites, are used, which often have disadvantages with regard to recycling and the overall energy efficiency of the system due to energy-intensive production.In addition, all maintenance-intensive and technically failure-prone components of the wind turbine are located in the nacelle high above the ground and are difficult to access, which makes maintenance of the corresponding components even more complex.

[0007] Wind turbines with a vertical rotor shaft, on the other hand, have a horizontally arranged rotor that rotates around the vertical rotor shaft. The vertically arranged rotor shaft means the generator can be operated on the ground, which makes maintenance much easier and also reduces the demands on statics. However, this type of design, according to the state of the art, has the problem that due to the rotation of the rotor around the vertical rotor shaft, some of the rotor blades move against the direction of the wind, thereby braking the rotor again, which reduces the efficiency of such machines. For this reason, designs have been developed in which the rotor blades can be actively rotated and, when moving against the wind, are aligned in such a way that their air resistance is minimal.However, this requires complex technology, particularly control technology, and additional energy is required to rotate the rotor blades. Such a wind turbine is disclosed, for example, in patent document DE 44 18 092 A1.

[0008] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a wind turbine which eliminates the disadvantages described above.

[0009] This object is achieved by the subject matter of the main claim. Advantageous developments of the invention are contained in the subclaims.

[0010] The wind turbine according to the invention has a horizontally arranged rotor, in particular in a ring shape, which is connected to a rotor shaft by means of at least one fastening element. Furthermore, a support frame is provided which is designed to rotatably mount the rotor shaft and preferably to bear the weight of the wind turbine. The wind turbine according to the invention further has an energy converter which is connected to the rotor shaft and is designed to convert a rotational movement of the rotor shaft into another form of energy. Preferably, the energy converter is provided as a generator which converts the rotational movement into electrical current. However, embodiments are also conceivable in which the energy converter is in a different form, such as a pump.

[0011] According to the invention, at least two blades are further provided on the rotor, which are fastened to the rotor and mounted so as to be rotatable about their own axis of rotation. The axis of rotation is the axis around which the blades themselves can rotate in relation to the rotor. The blades function as rotor blades and are thus designed to convert the wind energy flowing around them into a rotary movement of the rotor, which is transmitted to the rotor via the at least one fastening element between the rotor and the rotor shaft. Furthermore, the blades are fastened to the rotor in the front half of the cross-sectional profile of the blades in the direction of rotation of the rotor. The cross-sectional profile relevant here is the horizontal cross-section through a blade at the level of the attachment of the blade to the rotor. The direction of rotation of the rotor is always the same regardless of the wind direction and refers to the direction of rotation caused by the flow of air onto the blades.

[0012] The horizontal arrangement of the rotor, as described in the prior art, avoids the disadvantages of a wind turbine with a vertical rotor arrangement, particularly with regard to statics. Furthermore, the way the blades are attached to the rotor allows them to always be aligned by the wind in such a way that propulsion can be achieved on the rotor. Depending on the position in the wind, at least one of the above-described principles of utilizing the flow resistance or the lift of the blades with air flowing around them is applied. This always generates propulsion for the rotor and does not slow it down, which can significantly increase efficiency compared to conventional solutions with horizontal rotors. Further details on how the blades work are explained with reference to the figures.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the support frame and / or the rotor are made of wood. Due to the statically favorable design of the wind turbine, high-tech materials can be dispensed with and more ecologically sustainable materials can be used. Thus, the material properties of wood are sufficient to provide a stable wind turbine. Wood, in particular as a renewable raw material, offers advantages with regard to sustainability, particularly with regard to CO2 emissions and recyclability. The rotor shaft is also preferably made at least partially of wood.

[0014] Another advantageous embodiment of the invention is one in which the blades have a main extension direction that runs in a substantially vertical direction. Blades with the longest possible extension in this main extension direction are preferred because the force a blade exerts on the rotor increases with its vertical extension, as the blades thus offer the wind a larger effective area. Long, vertically extending blades are therefore preferred. Such blades are particularly advantageous when, in addition to the vertical main extension direction, the inherent axis of rotation of the blades also runs vertically. Such blades have a simple geometry, which offers advantages particularly with regard to efficiency and manufacturing.Preferably, the blades are further arranged centrally on the rotor, so that the attachment of the blade to the rotor is symmetrical and the rotor is located at the level of the center of the longitudinal axis of the blade.

[0015] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the blades are attached to the rotor not only in the front half of the blades in the direction of rotation of the rotor, but in the front third. Alternatively or additionally, the centers of gravity of the blades are located in the front third of the blades in the direction of rotation of the rotor. An embodiment in which the pivot point of the blade cross-section is located at the center of gravity is particularly preferred. The center of gravity of a body is the mass-weighted average of the positions of its mass points. For continuous mass distributions, the spatial average of the density is defined as the center of gravity. This geometry enables particularly dynamic adjustment of the alignment of the blades during rotor rotation.

[0016] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one fastening element is made of at least one cable. It is preferred if a fastening element is formed from a pair of cables, one of which is provided as a tensioning cable and one as a supporting cable. The supporting cable is provided between the rotor shaft and the rotor in such a way that it bears the weight of the rotor. It therefore has a vertically supporting component. The tensioning cable, on the other hand, has a purely radial component and is provided to hold the rotor stably in its position. In a preferred embodiment, the tensioning cable or cables are arranged purely horizontally between the rotor and the rotor shaft or the tensioning cable suspension. In plan view, a cable pair consisting of the supporting cable and the tensioning cable preferably encloses a small angle.The use of ropes, especially steel ropes, is an easy, cost-effective and comparatively simple method of fixing the rotor in its position.

[0017] In an advantageous embodiment with ropes as fastening elements, these ropes are designed to act as lightning rods for the wind turbine.

[0018] In an advantageous embodiment, the cross-section of the wings can be varied perpendicular to the direction of extension. The geometry of the wing, in particular with regard to its curvature and length, can be adapted in order to achieve optimal force development from the oncoming air flow. The variation in the wing can be influenced, as in aircraft, for example, by the use of appropriate flaps. Another possible way of modifying the wing would be an adjustable skeleton surrounded by a membrane, thus forming the wing. Other possibilities, which will not be further explained in the context of the application, are also possible. However, the invention is not limited to the use of wings with a variable cross-section. Wings with a fixed symmetrical or asymmetrical cross-section can also be used.

[0019] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the rotor is composed of a plurality of individual rotor segments that are rigidly connected to one another. This has the advantage that damage can be repaired by replacing individual damaged segments. This also simplifies rotor manufacturing, especially for large rotors.

[0020] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one damper element is provided for each wing, which is configured to dampen the rotational movement of the corresponding wing about its own axis of rotation. The damper is preferably arranged between the wing and the rotor. Particularly advantageously, the damping takes place in the rear third of the wing in the direction of rotation of the rotor. In this way, comparatively simple and effective damping can be ensured. Also advantageous is an embodiment with a damping element, wherein the damping effect of the damping element is adjustable. Such damper systems are known, for example, from automotive technology, where the damper hardness of the chassis can be adjusted depending on the driving style and requirements (sporty or comfortable).It is also advantageous if the damping element can be adjusted in such a way that rotation of the blade around its own axis of rotation is not possible, thus fixing the blade in one position. In this way, the blades can be fixed in a position in which they exert a braking torque on the rotor, at least in some positions along the rotor. Furthermore, active rotation of the blades by means of appropriate actuators is also conceivable in order to actively influence the position of the blades. These actuators can be integrated into the damper, for example in the form of a damping piston. Furthermore, limiting the maximum movement by means of the damping element is useful in order to control the rotational movement of the blade.

[0021] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotor and the blades make up at least 80% of the total mass of the wind turbine. The total mass refers to the mass of the wind turbine without the foundation. Due to the high mass in the rotor and thus of the moving parts, a high inertia of the rotor can be achieved, whereby it does not accelerate too quickly, even in gusts of wind. This can prevent power peaks that the generator cannot absorb and which could arise if the speed increases too quickly. Furthermore, the stability of the arrangement can be improved. Due to the high mass of the rotor and the blades in relation to the mass of the wind turbine, they can continue to function as energy storage devices and thus ensure a comparatively constant or only slowly changing rotor speed, even in gusty winds.

[0022] Embodiments and aspects of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying figures. They show:

[0023] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the wind turbine 10 according to the invention in a plan view.

[0024] Fig. 2 shows a part of the embodiment of the wind turbine 10 according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 in a side view.

[0025] Fig. 3 shows a detailed view of a blade of the embodiment of the wind turbine 10 according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 in plan view.

[0026] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the wind turbine 10 according to the invention in a plan view. An annular rotor 18 is connected to a central rotor shaft 12 via cables 16, 17. Several cable pairs are provided, each formed from a tension cable 17 and a support cable 16. A cable pair always encloses a small angle between them. However, other embodiments are also conceivable in which this is not the case. The cables 16, 17 are arranged in a star shape around the rotor shaft 12 in the plan view. The number of cable pairs can vary depending on the size and weight of the rotor. The rotor shaft 12 is held and mounted by a support frame 13, which is described in more detail with reference to Fig. 2.

[0027] The rotor 18 is composed of individual rotor segments 181 that are rigidly connected to one another. Along the circumference of the annular rotor 18, vanes 11 are provided, which are described in more detail with reference to Fig. 3. The vanes 11 are attached to the rotor 18 in such a way that they are rotatably mounted about their own axis of rotation. Thus, an alignment of the vanes

[0028] 11 according to the wind W, which comes from above in the drawing plane, is possible.

[0029] The blades 11 convert the flow energy of the wind W into a rotational movement of the rotor 18. This rotational movement is transmitted via the cables 16, 17 to the rotor shaft

[0030] 12. To absorb the flow energy from the wind, the aforementioned principles of lift and drag of the blades are applied depending on the position of the blade. For illustration, the rotor 18 is divided into three different sections in a top view. To describe the position of a blade along the circumference of the rotor 18, the dial of a clock is used.

[0031] In the right half of the rotor 18 in the drawing plane, i.e. between 12 and 6 o'clock, a blade 11 always represents a flow resistance for the wind, whereby in every position a force is generated which causes the rotor 18 to rotate clockwise (in the drawing plane).

[0032] If a wing 11 passes the 6 o'clock position, it moves at least partially against the wind W. Due to the wing 11's position in the wind W, similar to an airplane, negative pressure is created on the side of the wing 11 facing away from the wind and positive pressure is created on the other side. This creates lift, which exerts a force on the wing 11 that acts at least partially in the direction of rotation, i.e., clockwise, of the rotor 18, thereby exerting a torque on the rotor 18.

[0033] In an area around the 9 o'clock position, the orientation of the blade 11 changes with respect to the rotor 18. While the blade 11 is aligned between the 3 o'clock position and approximately the 9 o'clock position such that the front half of the blade 11 in the direction of rotation of the rotor 18 points in the direction of the rotor 18, between the 9 o'clock position and the 3 o'clock position (i.e. in the upper half of the rotor 18 in the plane of the drawing) the rear part of the blade 11 points in the direction of the rotor 18. During this rotary movement of the blade 11 about its own axis of rotation at the 9 o'clock position, which is caused solely by the flow of the wind W, the blade 11 aligns itself such that it has the lowest possible flow resistance and thus slows the rotor 18 as little as possible. Due to the aerodynamic shape of the blade 11, the flow resistance is negligible.

[0034] In the area between the 9 o'clock position and the 12 o'clock position, after the alignment of the blade 11 has been completed by its own rotational movement at the 9 o'clock position, the blade 11 is angled relative to the wind W in such a way that lift is again generated by the incoming flow of the wind W, with the lift force pointing to the right in the plane of the drawing. As a result, the blade 11 also generates a force between the 9 o'clock position and the 12 o'clock position, which amplifies the clockwise rotation of the rotor 18.

[0035] Consequently, in almost any position along a revolution, the vane 11 generates a force which induces the clockwise rotation of the rotor 18.

[0036] The invention is not limited to the use of an annular rotor 18. Other shapes are also conceivable. For example, angular shapes can be used, as can direct, "rigid" connections between the blades 11 and the rotor shaft 12. In the latter case, these rigid connections, for example in the form of beams, are to be regarded both as a fastening element and as the rotor 18. However, annular rotors have the advantage that, due to their symmetry, they have advantages in terms of statics, particularly at higher speeds of the rotor 18. Thus, wind turbines with high power outputs can be built, particularly using an annular rotor. Furthermore, an annular rotor 18 can particularly preferably be connected to the rotor shaft 12 using cables as a fastening element, as shown in Figs. 1 to 3.Of course, other types of fastening elements can also be used in conjunction with annular rotors 18 or ropes can be combined as fastening elements with other rotor shapes.

[0037] Fig. 2 shows a side view of part of the embodiment of the wind turbine 10 according to the invention shown in Fig. 1. The rotor shaft 12 is mounted on the support frame 13 via a rotor shaft bearing 121 and is connected to an energy converter. In the illustrated embodiment, the energy converter is designed as a generator unit 15, which converts the rotational movement of the shaft into electrical current. Depending on the design of the wind turbine, it may be necessary to provide a gearbox between the rotor shaft 12 and the generator unit 15 in order to increase the speed of the rotor shaft 12. The support frame 13 is designed as a tripod frame, which has three supports and supports the rotor shaft 12. The rotor shaft 12 can be shielded from the outside world and thus protected by a housing (not shown). In the illustrated embodiment, the support frame and the generator unit are firmly anchored in the ground via foundations 14.

[0038] A support cable suspension 161 and a tension cable suspension 171 are provided at different heights on the rotor shaft 12. They are connected to the support cables 16 and tension cables 17 provided in the circumferential direction of the rotor 18. The support cable suspension 161 is arranged above the tension cable suspension 171, with the tension cable suspension 171 being at the level of the rotor 18. Due to this arrangement, the support cables 16 bear the weight of the rotor 18, while the tension cables 17 place the annular rotor 18 under such uniform tension that it cannot be deflected in the radial direction. The tension cables 17 are preferably tensioned horizontally between the rotor 18 and the tension cable suspension 171. The rotational movement of the rotor 18 is transmitted by the tensioning cables 17 to the tensioning cable suspension 171 and thus to the rotor shaft 12.The horizontal arrangement of the tension cables 17 improves the stability of the system and the power transmission from the rotor 18 to the rotor shaft 12. This allows for significantly larger turbines with higher performance, especially when the support frame 13 and the rotor 12 are made of wood.

[0039] In the present embodiment, both the supporting cable suspension 161 and the tensioning cable suspension 171 are designed as round plates, with the corresponding cables 16, 17 being attached to the outer edge of the respective plate.

[0040] The blades 11 are arranged on the rotor 18 and extend in a vertical direction, i.e. parallel to the rotor shaft 12. The blades 11 are arranged centrally on the rotor 18, so that half of a blade 11 is arranged above and the other half of the blade 11 is arranged below the horizontal rotor 18. The blades 11 are therefore perpendicular to the horizontally arranged tensioning cable 17 between the rotor 18 and the rotor shaft 12. In the perspective shown in Fig. 2, the symmetrical blades 11 appear as flat boards. If the direction of flow of the wind W is into the plane of the drawing, the blade 11 shown does not have any appreciable wind resistance, as a result of which the rotor 18 is not slowed down. To prevent deformation of the blade 11, it is tensioned via outer and inner wing tensioning cables 111, 112.Deformation can occur at higher flow velocities (i.e., stronger winds), which places additional stress on the material of the blades 11 and reduces the efficiency of the blades 11 in terms of generating thrust. The inner blade tensioning cables 112 are provided on the corresponding tensioning cable 17 between the rotor 18 and the rotor shaft 12, while the outer blade tensioning cables 111 are tensioned by means of a blade tensioning cable support 113, which extends radially outward from the blade 11. Tangential blade tensioning cables 118 can also be provided to further increase the stability of the blades 11 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 18.

[0041] Fig. 3 shows a detailed view of a blade 11 of the embodiment of the wind turbine 10 according to the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in a plan view. The rotor 18 is shown, which is fastened to the rotor shaft 12 (not shown in Fig. 3) via the cables 16, 17. The blade 11 is fastened to the rotor 18 via a fastening element 114 and a blade bearing 115 provided thereon. The blade 11 is shown in cross-section through its vertical extension direction, so that the symmetry of the blade 11 is clearly visible. As already mentioned, the invention is not limited to the use of symmetrical blades 11; rather, blades 11 with an asymmetrical cross-section or blades 11 with a variable cross-section can also be used. The blade 11 is tensioned via the blade tensioning cable support 113 and the outer blade tensioning cables 111 provided thereon, as explained with reference to Fig. 2.The illustration of the inner wing tensioning cables 112 has been omitted in Fig. 3 for the sake of clarity.

[0042] Due to the vane bearing 115, the natural axis of rotation of the vane 11 extends into the plane of the drawing. In this exemplary embodiment, the natural axis of rotation is thus arranged parallel to the vertical main extension direction of the vane 11. The vane 11 can be rotated about its natural axis of rotation on the rotor 18. However, this rotation is dampened and simultaneously limited by a damper 116. The maximum positions of the vane 11 are thus predetermined by the damper 116.

[0043] In the embodiment shown, the damper 116 is provided as a simple hydraulic cylinder, with a piston 117 guided within the cylinder connected to the vane 11. As is known for hydraulic dampers, the damping can be adjusted, for example, via the viscosity of the fluid used in the damper 116 or via the passage in the piston from one hydraulic chamber to another. This allows for response to varying forces during the rotation of the vane 11, which can be caused by varying wind strengths.

[0044] The blade 11 is mounted in the front region of the cross-section in the direction of rotation of the rotor 18, more precisely in the front half of the cross-section. This ensures that the wind pressure rotates the blades 11 at the correct times (see explanations for Fig. 1) and thus that a force acts on the rotor 18 in its direction of rotation at all times. The damper 116 acts in the rear half of the cross-section. Of course, other types of damping can also be provided, for example, arranged in the bearing of the blade 11 on the fastening element 114 itself. Preferably, the maximum deflection of the blade 11 is also defined by the damper 116, so that the damper 116 also functions as a stop.

[0045] Embodiments of the invention are also conceivable in which, instead of a damper, a stop adjustable by means of an electric motor and a spindle, in particular a threaded spindle, is provided. The stop defines the maximum positions of the rotational movement of the wing 11. The electric motor and the threaded spindle can be used to adjust the stop, thus controlling the rotational movement of the wing 11. Preferably, the spindle has a damping section made of a soft, flexible material at the point where it comes into contact with the wing 11, so that damage to the wing 11 can be avoided.

[0046] LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

[0047] 10 wind turbines

[0048] 11 wings

[0049] 111 outer wing tension cable

[0050] 112 inner wing tension cable

[0051] 113 Wing tension cable support

[0052] 114 Fastening element

[0053] 115 Wing bearing

[0054] 116 Damping element

[0055] 117 damper pistons

[0056] 118 tangential wing tension cable

[0057] 12 Rotor shaft

[0058] 121 rotor shaft bearings

[0059] 13 Supporting frame

[0060] 14 Foundation

[0061] 15 Generator unit

[0062] 16 suspension cable

[0063] 161 Suspension cable

[0064] 17 Tension cable

[0065] 171 Tension cable suspension

[0066] 18 Rotor

[0067] 181 rotor segment

[0068] W Wind

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Wind turbine (10) comprising a horizontally arranged rotor (18) which is connected to a rotor shaft (12) by means of at least one fastening element, a support frame (13) designed to rotatably mount the rotor shaft (12), an energy converter which is connected to the rotor shaft (12) and is designed to convert a rotational movement of the rotor shaft (12) into another form of energy, at least two blades (11) arranged on the rotor (18) which are rotatably attached to the rotor (18) about an axis of rotation, wherein the blades (11) are designed to convert wind energy acting on them into a rotational movement of the rotor (18), wherein the blades (11) are furthermore attached to the rotor (18) in the front half of the blades (11) in the direction of rotation of the rotor (18).

2. Wind turbine (10) according to claim 1, wherein the support frame (13) and / or the rotor (18) are made of wood.

3. Wind turbine (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a main extension direction of the blades (11) extends in a vertical direction and in particular the axis of rotation extends parallel to the main extension direction.

4. Wind turbine (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the blades (11) are attached to the rotor (18) in the front third of the blades (11) in the direction of rotation of the rotor (18) and / or the centers of gravity of the blades (11) are located in the front third of the blades (11) in the direction of rotation of the rotor (18).

5. Wind turbine (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one fastening element is designed as a rope (16, 17), in particular as a pair of ropes (16, 17) and wherein one of them is provided as a tensioning rope (17) and one as a support rope (16), wherein the tensioning rope (17) is connected to the rotor shaft (12) at a different location than the support rope (16).

6. Wind turbine (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the tension cable (17) is arranged horizontally between the rotor shaft (12) and the rotor (18) and is pretensioned. Wind turbine (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein a pair of tension cable (17) and support cable (16) are arranged such that they form an angle between them. Wind turbine (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cross-section of the blades (11) is variable perpendicular to the direction of extension. Wind turbine (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the rotor (18) is composed of individual rotor segments (181). Wind turbine (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one damper (116) is provided for each blade (11), which is configured to dampen the rotational movement of the corresponding blade (11) about its axis of rotation, wherein the damper (116) is arranged, in particular, between the blade (11) and the rotor (18), and the damping of the rotational movement of the blades (11) preferably takes place in the rear third of the blades (11) in the direction of rotation of the rotor (18).Wind turbine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the damper (116) has variable damping and / or determines the maximum movement of the corresponding blade (11). Wind turbine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotor (12) and the blades (11) constitute at least 80% of the total mass of the wind turbine (10).

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