Kit for tamper with different drive types

Abstract

A modular rammer system for soil compaction with different drive types is described, comprising a crankcase (10) for accommodating a crank drive (7, 9) for converting a rotary drive motion generated by a drive (5) into an oscillatory translational motion, wherein the crankcase (10) has a connection opening to which a drive cover (20) can be attached. The drive (5) is attached to the drive cover (20), and different drive covers (20) are provided as part of the modular system for drives (5) of different drive types, while the crankcase (10) is identical for drives (5) of different drive types.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a modular tamper system for soil compaction tampers with different drive types.

[0002] Soil compaction rammers are often also called vibratory or vibratory rammers and feature a rotating drive, such as a combustion or electric motor, which powers a spring-loaded tamping system with a crank mechanism and a spring system. A rammer typically has an upper mass, which essentially consists of the motor and, for example, the crank mechanism and other components, as well as a lower mass coupled to the upper mass via the spring-loaded tamping system and movable back and forth relative to the upper mass. This lower mass includes a ground contact plate or tamping foot. The upper and lower masses may also be connected by a bellows, which allows movement between the components and protects the interior, especially the crank mechanism and the spring system, from the ingress of dust and dirt.

[0003] A guide device, such as a guide handle, can be attached to the upper mass to guide the rammer. It is possible to provide a vibration decoupling device, such as rubber elements, between the upper mass and the guide handle to prevent the strong vibrations present at the upper mass from being directly transmitted to the operator's hands and arms.

[0004] Such rammers are typically operated by means of a rotary drive via a crank mechanism, a connecting rod, and a double-acting spring tamping system. For this purpose, the spring tamping system includes a piston that can be moved back and forth by the connecting rod, with spring assemblies bearing against both sides of the piston, specifically above and below.

[0005] The crank mechanism is enclosed at the upper mass by a crankcase, to which the drive is also attached.

[0006] Such a rammer is known from DE 10 2021 116 244 A1.

[0007] In the past, vibratory rammers were often powered by internal combustion engines, such as diesel or two-stroke / four-stroke gasoline engines. However, these drives are increasingly being electrified. Modern battery technologies, in particular, make it possible to power vibratory rammers with high-performance electric motors.

[0008] On the manufacturer's side, a separate crankcase with a matching motor flange must be provided for each rammer or drive type. The respective motor (drive) can then be attached to the crankcase's motor flange. The variety of drive options and the resulting crankcase designs creates an increasingly complex logistical challenge for manufacturers. Many different components must be kept in stock and fed to the assembly line. Mounting these components onto familiar crankcases can be time-consuming and inefficient.

[0009] The invention is based on the objective of addressing the increasing number of different components in the assembly of vibratory rammers and reducing the number of components.

[0010] The problem is solved by a tamper kit with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0011] A modular tamper assembly for soil compaction with different drive types is described, comprising a crankcase for receiving a crank drive for converting a rotary drive motion generated by a drive into an oscillatory translational motion, wherein the crankcase has a connection opening to which a drive cover can be attached, wherein the drive is attached to the drive cover, and wherein different drive covers are provided as part of the modular assembly for drives of different drive types, while the crankcase is identical for drives of different drive types.

[0012] While prior art requires different crankcases to accommodate the crank mechanism for different drive types, the invention allows for the use of uniform or identical crankcases. Only the drive covers, which cover the connection opening on the crankcase for connecting the drive, may vary.

[0013] The crank mechanism located inside the crankcase can in particular have a crank pin or crank cam via which a connecting rod can be driven, and via which the oscillatory translational movement that can be generated thereby can be produced as a working movement.

[0014] The different drive types include different motor types, each of which can power the rammer. The motor shaft is considered the system boundary for a drive or motor, to which further components can subsequently be connected.

[0015] In accordance with the basic principle of the modular system, various rammer designs can be constructed and assembled using the same crankcase according to the invention. The modular system thus comprises a single type of crankcase and several drive covers that can be mounted on the crankcase, to which a drive can in turn be attached.

[0016] The drive covers that can be attached to the crankcase can be standardized and fitted with different drives. In this context, standardized means that the connection flange of the drive cover to be attached to the crankcase can be standardized, i.e., unified, while other areas of the drive cover can be designed and customized or adapted to the drive to be mounted on it.

[0017] This enables a modular drive mounting. In particular, the drive unit and its cover can be pre-assembled as a module before the drive and cover are attached together to the rammer's crankcase. This allows the drive units to be fully assembled on the cover beforehand. The cover, along with the fully assembled drive unit, is then placed and secured onto the crankcase.

[0018] The drive cover completes and seals the crankcase, protecting the interior of the crankcase from the ingress of dust and dirt.

[0019] When the drive is fully attached to the drive cover, the drive cover supports the drive.

[0020] The further construction of the rammer is known from the prior art. The rammer can have an upper mass and a lower mass that is movable relative to the upper mass, the lower mass having a tamping foot with a ground contact plate for soil compaction, the crankcase being part of the upper mass, and the crank mechanism being designed to move the tamping foot back and forth.

[0021] The drive cover can be fully pre-assembled, such that the drive is completely built on the drive cover before the drive cover is placed on the crankcase.

[0022] The drive types can be selected from the following group: Internal combustion engine; electric motor in which a drive torque of the electric motor is transmitted to the crankshaft via a gearbox; electric motor, wherein the electric motor is designed as a direct drive, with a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor is formed on a motor shaft that transmits the drive torque directly to the crankshaft without an intermediate gearbox; electric motor, wherein the electric motor is designed as a segmented motor, with a rotor and a (segmented) stator surrounding the rotor via a circular segment with an angle of less than 360 degrees;

[0023] Suitable combustion engines include gasoline engines, namely two-stroke or four-stroke engines, as well as diesel engines.

[0024] Between the engine and the crankshaft assembly, in addition to the aforementioned gearbox, a clutch, in particular a clutch bell, can also be arranged. The clutch bell has a centrifugal clutch that opens or closes depending on the engine speed, thus allowing or preventing torque flow. A limiting speed can be set above which the clutch engages, allowing the drive torque to power the crankshaft assembly.

[0025] Electric motors can be designed in different ways. In one variant, an electric motor can directly replace an internal combustion engine without any further structural modifications to the drive system, with the drive torque of the electric motor being transmitted to the crankshaft via a gearbox.

[0026] In another variant, the electric motor is designed as a direct drive. Here, the drive torque is transmitted directly from the motor shaft of the electric motor to the crank mechanism, without an intermediate gearbox, such as a gear drive. The crank mechanism can then be directly coupled to the rotor of the electric motor, for example.

[0027] A special embodiment of the electric motor is the segmented motor, in which a (segmented) stator surrounds the rotor via a circular segment with an angle of less than 360°. Here, too, the rotor directly forms the motor shaft and can be directly coupled to the crankshaft. In particular, the rotor can also directly support the crankpin, which drives the connecting rod.

[0028] A connection flange can be provided at the crankcase connection opening, with each of the different drive covers having a connection flange adapted to the crankcase connection flange, and the connection flanges of the different drive covers being identical to each other. Relevant for the identity of the connection flanges is an identical flange design with identical bolt arrangements and, where applicable, identical gasket profiles.

[0029] The drive unit assigned to each drive cover can be mounted directly to one side of the cover. Thus, the motor can be attached directly to the inside or outside of the drive cover and supported by it. Internal combustion engines are generally always mounted externally, while for electric motors, the mounting position can be chosen depending on the type, either externally or internally (and therefore inside the crankcase). The drive unit or motor can be screwed directly to the drive cover or attached with a suitable bracket.

[0030] The crank mechanism can have a crankpin that is driven by the drive. Various designs can be implemented for torque transmission between the motor shaft or the drive rotor and the crankpin. For example, the crankpin can be mounted directly on the rotor of the electric motor, as is the case with a direct drive or segmented motor.

[0031] In one variant, a gear stage can be provided between the engine shaft and the crankpin, with the crankpin itself mounted on a gear. In another variant, a clutch bell can be provided between the engine shaft and the gear stage, allowing the torque flow to be interrupted at low engine speeds. Only when the engine speed increases does the clutch engage, thus driving the gearbox and consequently the crankpin.

[0032] As previously explained, the drive can include an electric segmented motor, where the segmented motor has a rotor and a segmented stator that does not enclose the rotor over its entire circumference, but only over a circular segment. The angle of the circular segment is less than 360°, e.g., less than or equal to 180°, less than or equal to 120°, or less than or equal to 90°.

[0033] The segmented motor can be mounted particularly advantageously on the drive cover. For this purpose, a bearing journal can be provided or formed on the inside of the drive cover to rotatably support or hold the rotor, with the segmented stator also being held on the inside of the drive cover.

[0034] In a particular embodiment, at least two groove-shaped recesses can be formed on the inside of the drive cover, wherein the segment stator, viewed in its circumferential direction, can have two end faces, wherein a cam can be formed at each of the two end faces of the segment stator, which can be inserted into the respective associated groove-shaped recess, and wherein the respective pairings of cam and groove-shaped recess at the two end faces of the segment stator form stator holders that are arranged in the circumferential direction of the segment stator.

[0035] In this case, the ends of the segmented stator are arranged at the front face, viewed in the circumferential or main extension direction of the segmented stator. The stator mounts or pairings primarily serve to center the stator on the drive cover. This allows the rotor and stator to be conveniently pre-assembled on the drive cover before the complete unit, consisting of the drive cover and segmented motor, is attached to the rest of the rammer or its crankcase.

[0036] The stator mounts are arranged in the circumferential direction of the segmented stator and can thus effectively support the drive torque.

[0037] These and other advantages and features of the invention are explained in more detail below using examples and the accompanying figures. They show: Fig. 1 In a schematic perspective view, an example of a tamper according to the invention for soil compaction; Fig. 2 schematic representation of various types of tampers with different drive types; Fig. 3 some of the variants of Fig. 2 in more detail; and Fig. 4 An example of a drive cover for a segmented motor, with a pre-assembled segmented stator.

[0038] Fig. 1 shows an example of a tamper according to the invention.

[0039] The rammer has an upper mass 1 and a lower mass 2 that is movable relative to the upper mass 1. A guide handle 3 for an operator is attached to the upper mass 1. Vibration-damping elements in the form of rubber buffers 4 are arranged in a known manner to connect and decouple the upper mass 1 from the guide handle 3.

[0040] The upper mass 1 also includes a drive motor 5, which can be designed as an internal combustion or electric motor, as will be explained in detail later.

[0041] The drive motor 5 drives the in Fig. 1 In the example shown, a gear 6, which may, for example, have a pinion, rotates a crank disc 7. The crank disc 7 accordingly has external teeth. A connecting rod 8 is coupled to the crank disc 7 via a crankpin 9, thus forming a crank-to-rotating joint.

[0042] The crank mechanism formed by the crank disc 7 and the crank pin 9 is housed in a crankcase 10. An outer guide tube 11 extends along its underside.

[0043] The lower mass has a stamping foot 12 with a base contact plate 13 and an inner guide tube 14 extending upwards from the base contact plate 13. The inner guide tube 14 of the lower mass 2 can be moved axially back and forth within the outer guide tube 11 of the upper mass 1.

[0044] The crankcase 10 is connected to the stamping foot 12 via a bellows 15 to protect the components provided there from dirt, dust and moisture.

[0045] Inside the inner guide tube 14 a piston 16 is arranged, which is movably connected to the connecting rod 8 via a swivel joint 17.

[0046] Above and below the piston 16, a spring assembly is arranged, namely an upper spring assembly 18 and a lower spring assembly 19. The two spring assemblies 18, 19 thus bear against the piston 16 with one side of their respective springs. With the other, opposite side, each spring assembly 18, 19 bears against an end face of the inner guide tube 14. In this way, the movement of the piston 16, forced by the movement of the connecting rod 8, can be transmitted by oscillation via the two spring assemblies 18, 19 to the piston foot 12 in a manner known per se.

[0047] The construction of such a rammer is known to that extent.

[0048] It can be used uniformly for rammers with different drive types. This makes it possible to use five different types of motors for the drive motor, as will be shown later. Figuren 2 bis 4 will be explained.

[0049] The drive motor 5 is supported by a drive cover 20, to which, in the example shown, the gearbox 6 and the crank disc 7 with the crankpin 9 are also attached or rotatably mounted. In its assembled form, the drive cover 20 forms part of the crankcase 10 and closes a rear connection opening of the crankcase 10.

[0050] Fig. 2 shows examples of rammers with different drive types in a schematic representation.

[0051] Variant A relates to a so-called direct drive, in which the drive motor 5 is attached to the inside of the drive cover 20, so that all components of the drive motor 5 are located inside the crankcase 10. The direct drive can advantageously be formed by a segmented motor, which will be further described later based on the Figuren 3 and 4 will be explained.

[0052] In variant B, the drive motor 5 is designed as an internal electric motor that drives the gearbox 6.

[0053] In variant C, the drive motor 5 is implemented as an external electric motor and drives the gearbox 6.

[0054] Variant D shows a two-stroke gasoline engine with an external combustion engine as the drive motor 5, which drives the internal gearbox 6.

[0055] In variant E, a four-stroke engine is provided as drive engine 5, in variant F a diesel engine.

[0056] In Fig. 3 are the variants of Fig. 2 A more detailed presentation.

[0057] Variant A of Fig. 2 corresponds to variant A of Fig. 3 The drive cover 20 is shown schematically, featuring a segmented stator 21 on its inner side and a rotor 22 rotatably mounted on the drive cover 20. The segmented stator 21 surrounds the rotor only over a specific circular segment of, for example, 100° or 90°. This is sufficient to drive the rotor 22 in rotation. The crankpin 9 is formed on the end face of the rotor 22, so that the rotor 22 and the crankpin 9 together form a crank disk 7.

[0058] An example of the segmented engine will be given later using... Fig. 4 explained.

[0059] Variant B of Fig. 3 corresponds to variant B of Fig. 2 Accordingly, the drive motor 5, an electric motor, is mounted on the inside of the drive cover 20. It drives a gear 24 via a pinion 23 (shown schematically only as a black line). The pinion 23 and the gear 24 form the transmission 6. The crank pin 9 is attached to the gear 24.

[0060] Variant C of Fig. 2 and 3 are also identical. Here, the drive motor 5 is mounted externally as an electric motor. A motor shaft of the drive motor 5 (not shown) leads to a clutch bell 25, which allows or interrupts the flow of torque to the pinion 23 depending on the speed. Particularly at higher motor speeds, the clutch bell 25 closes, so that the pinion 23 is driven by rotation.

[0061] In variant D, the drive motor 5 is attached to the drive cover 20 as an external combustion engine.

[0062] In the examples shown, the complete drive units, i.e., not only the drive motor 5, but also the gearbox 6 and, if applicable, the clutch bell 25, are held on and supported by the drive cover 20. The units shown can thus be easily pre-assembled and fully inserted into the crankcase 10 and attached to it.

[0063] Fig. 4 shows an example of an embodiment of the drive cover 20 for a segmented motor.

[0064] The drive cover 20 has a connecting flange 26 with corresponding bores 27 into which screws can be inserted to fasten the drive cover 20 to the crankcase 10. The connecting flange 26 can also carry a seal (not shown).

[0065] A bearing journal 28 is attached to the inside of the drive cover 20, onto which a rotor (not shown) and, if necessary, suitable bearing elements can be slid. The rotor corresponds to an example of the one described in Fig. 3 Variant A, shown rotor 22. The bearing journal 28 can be formed as a single piece with the drive cover 20. For example, the drive cover 20 can be manufactured as a single casting together with the bearing journal 28. The rotor is rotatably mounted on the bearing journal 28.

[0066] Also attached to the inside of the drive cover is a segment stator 29, which is an example of the one described in Fig. 3 Variant A corresponds to the stator 21 shown. The segment stator 29 extends only over a specific circular segment, in which in Fig. 4The example shown is based on an angle of approximately 90°. The segment stator 29 is screwed to the drive cover 20. A cam 31 is provided on each end 30 of the segment stator 29, which can be inserted into a corresponding groove 32. The two grooves 32 are part of the drive cover 20.

[0067] This allows the segment stator 29 to be held securely and positively against the drive cover 20. The two cams 31 and the two associated grooves 32 together form a stator support that effectively supports the segment stator 29 in the direction of the drive torque.

[0068] The screw pattern of the connecting flange 26, determined by the bores 27 and their position, can be identical for all variants of the drive cover 20, regardless of the drive type used. The further design of the drive cover 20 is then variable and depends on the type of drive that is to be supported by the drive cover 20.

Claims

1. Tamper kit for tampers for soil compaction with different drive types, with - a crankcase (10) for receiving a crank drive (7, 9) for converting a rotary drive movement generated by a drive (5) into an oscillatory translatory movement; wherein - the crankcase (10) has a connection opening to which a drive cover (20) can be connected; - the drive (5) is fastened to the drive cover (20); and wherein - as part of the kit, different drive covers (20) are provided for drives (5) of different drive types, while the crankcase (10) is identical for drives (5) of different drive types.

2. Tamper kit according to claim 1, wherein - the tamper has an upper mass (1) and a lower mass (2) movable relative to the upper mass (1); - the lower mass (2) has a tamping foot (12) with a ground contact plate (13) for soil compaction; - the crankcase (10) is part of the upper mass (1); and wherein - the crank drive (7, 9) is designed to move the tamping foot (12) back and forth.

3. Tamper kit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive cover (20) is completely pre-assembled, such that the drive (5) is completely built on the drive cover (20) before the drive cover (20) is placed on the crankcase (10).

4. Tamper construction kit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive types are selected from the group: - internal combustion engine; - electric motor, in which a drive torque of the electric motor is transmitted to the crank drive (7, 9) via a gear (6); - electric motor, wherein the electric motor is designed as a direct drive, with a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor is formed on a motor shaft which transmits the drive torque directly to the crank drive (7, 9) without any further gear being interposed; - electric motor, wherein the electric motor is designed as a segment motor, with a rotor (22) and a stator (21, 29) surrounding the rotor (22) via a circular segment with an angle of less than 360 degrees.

5. A rammer kit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - a connecting flange is provided at the connection opening of the crankcase (10); - the different drive covers (20) each have a connecting flange (26) adapted to the connecting flange of the crankcase (10); and wherein - the connecting flanges (26) of the different drive covers (20) are identical to one another.

6. Tamper kit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive (5) assigned to a respective drive cover (20) is fastened directly on one side of the drive cover (20).

7. Tamper kit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the crank drive (7, 9) has a crank pin (9) driven in rotation by the drive (5).

8. A rammer construction kit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - the drive (5) comprises an electric segment motor; and wherein - the segment motor comprises a rotor and a segment stator (29) which encloses the rotor not over its entire circumference, but only over a circular segment.

9. A rammer kit according to claim 8, wherein - a bearing pin (28) is provided on an inner side of the drive cover (20) for rotatably supporting the rotor; and wherein - the segment stator (29) is held on the inner side of the drive cover (20).

10. Tamper kit according to claim 8 or 9, wherein - at least two groove-shaped recesses (32) are formed on the inside of the drive cover (20); - the segment stator (29), viewed in its circumferential direction, has two front ends (30); - a cam (31) is formed on each of the two front ends (30) of the segment stator (29), which cam can be inserted into the respectively associated groove-shaped recess (32); - the respective pairings of cam (31) and groove-shaped recess (32) at the two front ends (30) of the segment stator (29) form stator holders which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the segment stator (29).

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