Use of a cable guide

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of a cable guide (1) that has a guide sleeve (2), through which a line can be guided along a central axis (9) of the guide sleeve (2), and a flange part (3) for contacting a lateral surface (51.1) of the wall or floor element (51). The guide sleeve (2) is mounted in a tiltable manner in order to change the tilting angle on the flange part (3), and the guide sleeve is mounted in a tiltable manner via an elastomer deformation element (28) in the form of a joint (39) in order to install the guide sleeve into a through-opening (50) in a wall or floor element (51) of a building. The guide sleeve (2) is inserted into the through-opening (50) such that the flange part (3) rests against the lateral surface (51.1) of the wall or floor element (51).

Description

[0001] Use of a cable bushing

[0002] The present invention relates to the use of a cable duct for installation in a wall or floor element of a building.

[0003] During use, the cable entry is inserted into a passage opening and secured there. The cable can already be routed through and installed at the same time; alternatively, however, a conduit can first be routed through and secured, with the actual cable being installed later. The passage opening can, in particular, be a borehole that is subsequently drilled into an existing wall or floor element, for example, during a subsequent connection of the building to the corresponding cable network. A preferred application could be a fiber optic connection, so the cable is preferably a fiber optic cable.

[0004] The present invention is based on the technical problem of specifying an advantageous use or line feedthrough as the subject of use.

[0005] This is achieved according to the invention with the features of claim 1. The corresponding cable duct has a duct sleeve and a flange part on which the duct sleeve is tiltably mounted. This enables installation even with a tilted passage opening, e.g. if it extends diagonally upwards from the ground through the building wall, i.e. if, in general terms, a longitudinal axis of the passage opening is tilted relative to a surface normal on the side surface of the wall or floor element. A special feature in this case is that this tiltability is realized via an elastomer joint, i.e. with an elastomeric deformation element as the joint. This can be compared, for example, with a joint with adjacent joint surfaces (e.g.Spherical in the case of a ball joint, manufacturing is simplified, especially since adjacent joint surfaces are prone to contamination and can therefore be more challenging to handle / assemble. The elastomer joint can represent a simple and robust alternative.

[0006] Preferred embodiments are found in the dependent claims and the entire disclosure, which always relates to aspects of use as well as to method and device aspects; in any case, the disclosure is always to be read implicitly with regard to all categories of claims.

[0007] In detail, the tiltability between the flange part and the bushing means that the tilt angle between the center axis of the bushing and a surface normal perpendicular to the side surface of the wall or floor element can be changed. In general, when the bushing is tilted, the elastomer joint can be compressed on one radial side and stretched on the radially opposite side (the center axis is tilted toward the former, and away from the latter).

[0008] The tiltability is preferably symmetrical. In other words, in the unloaded state, when no external force is applied to cause tilting, the center axis of the bushing is perpendicular to a plane defined by the flange part (when installed, this plane is parallel to or coincides with the side surface of the wall or floor element). In simple terms, the cable entry is preferably designed so that the bushing can be inserted into a passage opening perpendicular to the side surface without tilting relative to the flange part, i.e., without elastic deformation of the elastomer joint.

[0009] An annular space within the bushing, which is defined by the bushing together with a cable or preferably an empty conduit laid through it (see details below), is at least rotationally symmetrical, preferably rotationally symmetrical, around the center axis of the bushing. Unless expressly stated otherwise, “inside” and “outside” refer to the radial direction; for example, an inside or inner wall surface faces the center axis of the bushing and / or the longitudinal axis of the passage opening, while an outside or outer wall surface faces away. Unless expressly stated otherwise, terms such as “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential,” as well as the associated directions (“axial direction,” etc.), refer to the center axis of the bushing, in particular to the section arranged in the passage opening. When assembled, the center axis of the bushing is preferably coaxial with a longitudinal axis of the passage opening.

[0010] As discussed in detail below, preferably at least one layer of the flange part and one layer of the bushing are formed monolithically with one another, namely from the same elastomer material. Generally, "monolithic" means continuously formed from the same material, with no material boundary in between. The elastomer joint is formed in the transition between the bushing and the flange part, in this case monolithically with the flange part (at least the layer thereof) and the bushing (at least the layer thereof). The elastomer joint can be provided radially outside the bushing, between the bushing and the flange part; however, it can also be formed between an insertion and an injection section of the bushing; see the comments below on the axial arrangement.

[0011] In order to simplify the deformation and thus tilting of the elastomer joint, it can, for example, have a casing wall which is provided with a circumferential elevation and / or depression, wherein the elevation and / or depression is / are more preferably each circumferentially closed. With the elevation and / or depression, excess material is available to a certain extent, which can simplify the deformation / deflection. Preferably, an elevation and a depression follow one another, particularly preferably several elevations follow one another, between each of which a depression is provided. In this case, viewed in an axial section containing the central axis, the elevation(s) and depression(s) can follow one another radially and / or axially (cf. Figure 7 for an illustration of “radial” and Figure 8 with regard to “axial”).

[0012] In the radial arrangement, the jacket wall of the elastomer joint can extend from an inner radial position on the bushing to an outer radial position on the flange part; viewed from an axial view, these elevations and depressions can, for example, represent nested rings. In the axial arrangement, however, the elevations and depressions follow one another axially, i.e., in a radial view, they represent lines that are offset from one another, in particular lines that are perpendicular to the axis. Furthermore, a combination of radial and axial offset is also possible; the jacket wall, specifically a best-fit straight line placed in the jacket wall, viewed from an axial section, can lie obliquely to the center axis.

[0013] In the axial arrangement, the jacket wall of the elastomer joint provided with the elevation(s) and depressions extends between two axial positions, whereby an insertion section (see below) of the feed-through sleeve can be arranged at one end axial position and the flange part at the other end axial position; alternatively, the flange part can also be provided between the two axial positions. In particular, an injection section of the feed-through sleeve can then be located at the other axial position. In other words, in this variant there can be a section provided with elevation(s) and depression(s) axially on both sides of the flange part and thus also outside the passage opening. This and the insertion section of the feed-through sleeve can then be tilted towards each other via the elastomer joint, which is advantageous, for example, with regard to suitable cable routing outside the wall or floor element ora suitable orientation for the filling substance supply may be of interest.

[0014] However, the elastomer joint does not necessarily have elevations / depressions; it can also be designed, for example, as a thickened area compared to an elastomer layer of the flange part and / or the bushing. Viewed in an axial section, this thickened area can, for example, form a groove between the flange part and the bushing, preferably axially on both sides of the flange part.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the cable entry sleeve is mounted in an inclined opening, the longitudinal axis of which is tilted relative to a surface normal on the side surface. The angle between the longitudinal axis and the surface normal can be, for example, at least 10°, 20°, or 30° (increasingly preferred in order of preference); possible upper limits can be, for example, a maximum of 70°, 60°, or 50°. Preferably, the cable entry sleeve itself is designed so that the center axis of the cable entry sleeve, in the unloaded state, is perpendicular to the plane defined by the flange part (see above).

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, an insertion section of the feedthrough sleeve is arranged on one axial side of the flange part, and if the feedthrough sleeve also extends proportionally on the opposite axial side of the flange part, an injection section of the feedthrough sleeve is arranged there. In other words, the flange part is arranged at an axial position on the feedthrough sleeve that is spaced from both axial ends of the feedthrough sleeve. The elastomer joint can be arranged axially between the insertion and injection sections, but the elastomer joint is then preferably arranged radially outside the feedthrough sleeve, and the insertion and injection sections are directly adjacent to one another. During assembly, the insertion section is inserted into the passage opening until the flange part rests against the side surface; the opposite injection section then protrudes from the passage opening, e.g.by at least 1 cm, 2 cm or 3 cm (with possible upper limits of, for example, a maximum of 15 cm, 10 cm or 5 cm).

[0017] As discussed in detail below, the bushing, together with a cable or preferably a conduit routed through it, defines an annular space, in particular a circular annular space, which then also extends partially outside the passage opening (when the bushing is inserted until the flange part rests against the side surface). A filler substance for securing the cable feedthrough in the passage opening can advantageously be introduced via this annular space, from the injection section into the insertion section. A resin, e.g., polyurethane-based, is preferably provided as the filler substance.

[0018] The filling substance is injected axially or, for example, via a filling opening provided in the injection section in a casing wall of the penetration sleeve. Compared to axial injection, e.g., via an injection hose leading axially into the annular space, injection through the casing wall can, for example, allow a certain decoupling of the flow cross-section available for the filling substance from the radial width of the annular space. For the passage opening, a relatively small diameter, e.g., less than 5 cm or 4 cm, may generally be preferred for simplified drilling (e.g., no core drilling / no support required); a possible lower limit could be at least 2 cm, for example.

[0019] Towards the inside, the dimensions of the annular space can be limited by, for example, a certain outer diameter of the line or, preferably, the empty pipe passing through it (for the line), which leads to an overall limited radial width. By placing the filler opening in the shell wall, it can nevertheless be provided with a certain size, e.g. a diameter larger than the radial width of the annular space, which can, for example, simplify the injection of the filler substance. In addition, the filler substance is already supplied to the annular space outside the passage opening, so it can already be distributed over the annular space outside the passage opening (at least proportionally) and accordingly flow into the passage opening via a large flow cross-section.

[0020] Since the filling substance is already supplied to the annular space (between the bushing and the pipe or, preferably, the empty conduit) outside the passage opening, there is no need for a filling hose, for example, to pass through or insert into the flange part. This can simplify its geometry and is particularly advantageous given the preferred manufacturing process from an elastomer material (see below). Furthermore, no inlet hose running into the passage opening needs to be considered during dimensioning, thus maximizing the annular space accordingly.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, a nozzle is provided which protrudes from the casing wall at the fill opening and forms an injection channel for the fill substance, to which, for example, an injection cartridge is connected. This injection channel opens into the annular space at the fill opening. The nozzle is preferably aligned obliquely to the center axis of the bushing, i.e., not parallel or perpendicular, but, for example, at an angle of at least 10°, preferably at least 20°, and, for example, no more than 80°, preferably no more than 70°. As a result of this oblique orientation, the injection channel points toward the passage opening with respect to an injection direction, so the fill substance has a directional component into the passage opening during injection. At the same time, it is also distributed circumferentially within the annular space, thus increasing / utilizing the flow cross-section, which overall results in a good introduction of fill substance into the passage opening.

[0022] In general, the length of the nozzle can, for example, be at least 1 cm, preferably at least 1.5 cm, taken from the casing wall, with possible upper limits of, for example, a maximum of 5 cm or 4 cm. The extension is taken along a longitudinal axis of the nozzle located centrally in the injection channel, to which the above angle specifications also refer (whereby the angles are also to be seen as being independent of the length, and vice versa). The nozzle is preferably formed monolithically with at least one layer of the casing wall of the feedthrough sleeve, i.e. formed continuously and without interruption (cf. also the above definition). The at least one layer is preferably formed from an elastomer material, from which the nozzle is also provided. The latter can, for example,This can be advantageous in that the nozzle can be easily demolded despite its preferred oblique orientation, which can result in an undercut in a mold.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment, the bushing is made entirely of an elastomer material, namely monolithically with at least one layer of the flange part via the elastomer joint. A further layer of the flange part then preferably forms a butyl tape, see below for details. The elastomer layer of the flange part is preferably relatively thin, which allows for good pressing (see below).

[0024] The "elastomer material" is generally a plastic with elastic properties. Its Shore hardness (Shore A) can be, for example, a maximum of 90 Shore, 80 Shore, 75 Shore, or 70 Shore, and (independently of this) a minimum of 20 Shore, 25 Shore, 30 Shore, 35 Shore, or 40 Shore. It can be, for example, a rubber material, preferably a synthetic rubber such as EPDM (ethylene propylene diene, M group). However, it can also be, for example, a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) or a silicone-based material, such as silicone rubber or silicone elastomer.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment, the sealing sleeve has a sealing collar at one end, in particular its end facing the flange part. Said end can, for example, be the end of the injection section facing away from the flange part, which, when assembled, lies outside the passage opening. However, the sealing collar can also be provided independently of an injection section, for example, located axially in essentially the same position as the flange part, for example, in the mouth of the passage opening.

[0026] With the sealing collar, the feedthrough sleeve could generally also rest against the line itself, but preferably an empty pipe is or is led through it and the sealing collar rests against it. The sealing collar delimits the annular space in a direction away from the passage opening, thus preventing the filler substance from swelling out there. The sealing collar is preferably made of an elastomer material (see above), and it is particularly preferably formed monolithically with at least one layer of the feedthrough sleeve. It extends radially inwards from the casing wall, preferably diagonally towards the flange part (i.e. towards the passage opening when installed). A continuously closed (uninterrupted) sealing collar is advantageous, which accordingly also rests against the empty pipe with a continuously closed sealing line all the way around.With the oblique orientation just described, a certain strengthening of the sealing effect can result, if some filling substance spreads or expands in the direction away from the passage opening, the filling substance can press the sealing collar further inwards against the pipe or the empty conduit.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the bushing generally has an outlet opening through which a filling substance supplied between the line and the bushing or between the empty conduit and the bushing can escape radially outward. Preferably, a plurality of corresponding outlet openings are provided. The variants described below concern, among other things, their axial positioning, and further below, possible designs for the outlet openings themselves are discussed.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment, the jacket wall of the bushing is closed in a first axial section in an insertion section, which is arranged in the passage opening in the assembled state, and is provided with a plurality of outlet openings in a second axial section following away from the flange part. In the first axial section, the annular space is therefore not open radially outwards, and no filler substance escapes there. The injected filler substance is continued in the first axial section and thus reaches deeper into the passage opening. Since the filler substance typically expands during curing, this can, for example, prevent the flange part from lifting off the side surface and thus reduce axial pressure on the flange part. Notwithstanding this, the closed design in the first axial section can also create stability in the area of ​​the elastomer joint, where tilting forces may be introduced.

[0029] Preferably, the first axial section, in which the jacket wall is free of outlet openings, extends over at least 1.5 cm, 2 cm, 2.5 cm, 3 cm, 3.5 cm or

[0030] 4 cm, possible upper limits can (independently of this) be, for example, a maximum of 12 cm, 10 cm or 8 cm (in each case axially removed from the plane defined by the attachment of the flange part, with the center axis of the bushing perpendicular to said plane).

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, a spacer is provided at least in the second axial section on an inner wall surface of the casing wall, which spacer keeps the casing wall at a distance from a line or preferably the empty pipe running through it. Preferably, a plurality of spacers are provided, distributed circumferentially and / or axially, which keep the casing wall at a distance from the outer wall surface of the empty pipe to define the annular space. The spacer(s) is / are preferably formed monolithically with the casing wall, or at least one layer thereof, i.e. as elevation(s) projecting radially inwards. Preferably, the corresponding layer of the feed-through sleeve is in turn provided from an elastomer material (see above), which is then easy to demold despite this contouring. Especially with the elastomer material, the spacer can, for example,also prevent the jacket from coming into contact with the empty pipe, i.e. keep the outlet opening(s) for the filling substance accessible.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment, the casing wall is elastically deformable at least in the second axial section, i.e., formed from an elastomer material. In principle, a multi-layer structure is also possible (e.g., a rigid grid supported by a distinct elastomer casing); in this case, however, the casing wall preferably consists of exactly one layer formed from the elastomer material (at least in the second axial section). The elastomer material (see above for possible material properties) expands radially under the pressure of the filler substance; as a result, the casing wall is preferably pressed against a reveal defining the passage opening. In principle, this is also possible independently of outlet openings arranged in the second axial section; thus, the seal to the reveal can be created solely by the pressed-on elastomer casing wall.However, a combination with the outlet openings is preferred, so that filling substance also escapes and sticks to the reveal, for example.

[0033] In an alternative preferred embodiment, the feedthrough sleeve is rigid in the second axial section, i.e. the jacket wall there is formed from a rigid material. This can be, for example, a metal or a hard plastic, for example with a Shore hardness (D) of at least 40 Shore, more preferably at least 45 Shore or at least 50 Shore; possible upper limits can be, for example, a maximum of 100 Shore, more preferably at most 90 Shore or at most 80 Shore (each D). In the case of metal, the jacket wall can be provided, for example, from a grid, such as wire mesh, or even a thin sheet metal into which the outlet opening is punched. Such subsequent insertion is also possible in the case of hard plastic, but the outlet openings are preferably already kept free during injection molding, i.e. they are taken into account in the mold.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the casing wall in the first axial section is constructed in multiple layers, i.e., from at least two successive layers in the radial direction. One layer is formed from the elastomer material (see above), with a support sleeve supporting the elastomer material forming a further layer. The support sleeve is made of a material that is stiffer than the elastomer material, such as metal or a hard plastic. Regarding possible material parameters (Shore hardness, etc.), reference is made to the previous paragraph. The support sleeve can generally be assembled with the elastomer part; however, the elastomer material is preferably molded onto the support sleeve. For this purpose, the support sleeve can, for example, be overmolded with the elastomer material as an insert, or the two can be injection-molded as a multi-component injection-molded part.

[0035] In general, the support sleeve can stabilize the annular space in the first axial section, i.e. guide the filling substance into the passage opening and / or reduce the pressure on the flange part. In general, the support sleeve can also be provided radially outside the elastomer layer, but it is preferably arranged radially inward and the elastomer layer radially outward. In the axial direction, the support sleeve preferably extends beyond the flange part into the injection section. Preferably, it extends axially at least beyond the filler opening, thus also stabilizing the annular space in the injection region, and particularly preferably, it extends to the axial end of the feedthrough sleeve. Preference is given to a support sleeve that is designed to be uninterrupted and continuous between the first axial section and the injection section and is arranged radially inside the elastomer layer.This continuous design can particularly well allow tilting via the elastomer joint.

[0036] In the case of the rigid jacket wall in the second axial section, this is preferably formed monolithically with the support sleeve. The rigid material can thus form a pipe section, which is provided with the passage openings in the second axial section and can preferably be provided with a closed jacket wall in the first axial section (the latter is not mandatory, however; for example, the elastomer layer can also cover openings actually present in the pipe section). In the variant with the jacket wall formed from the elastomer material in the second axial section, this is preferably provided monolithically with the elastomer layer in the first axial section.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, at least one layer of the flange part is made of an elastomer material; see above for possible material details. Generally, it can also comprise a hard component as a further layer, for example, it can be formed as a multi-component injection-molded part with an integrated support structure. Preferably, however, the flange part is formed exclusively from the elastomer material and a bitumen-butyl tape, resulting in a particularly flexible flange that can be easily pressed onto the side surface. This can also be facilitated by a comparatively thin-walled (in the axial direction) design of the elastomer layer of the flange part, for example, with a thickness of at most 10 mm, 8 mm, 6 mm, 5 mm, or 4 mm (a lower limit can be at least 2 mm, for example). In the case of the flange part, the layers are arranged axially consecutively.

[0038] The flange part preferably has a bitumen or butyl tape on the side that is pressed against the side surface. This tape preferably has a flat design, i.e., viewed in an axial section containing the center axis, it is thinner in the axial direction than in the radial direction (wherein only a contiguous part of the sealing tape is viewed in the section, which therefore lies on one side of the center axis in the section). The radial dimension of each contiguous part can, for example, be at least 2, 3, or 5 times the axial dimension (possible upper limits are, for example, a maximum of 50, 30, or 10 times). Regardless of these details, the flat design can easily facilitate pressing, for example in conjunction with the thin-walled elastomer layer. The bitumen-butyl tape can, for example, have a surface area of ​​at least 4 cm 2 , 6 cm 2 , 20 cm 2 or 20 cm 2with possible upper limits of e.g. a maximum of 1000 cm 2 , 700 cm 2 or 500 cm 2 .

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the flange part is formed monolithically with at least one layer of the bushing. The monolithic design can consist of the bushing as a whole, if this is preferably formed entirely from the elastomer material. It can in particular consist of at least one layer in the first axial section and / or the injection section, preferably both. In the case of the jacket wall that is flexible in the second axial section, this is preferably also monolithic with the flange part or its layer. In general, the bushing is preferably a part that is at least partially manufactured by injection molding, namely the elastomer material is injection-molded, for example from EPDM or TPE. Particularly preferably, the bushing and the flange part are manufactured from elastomer material as a single-component injection-molded part, after which the butyl tape, for example, can then be applied to the flange part.

[0040] As already mentioned, during installation in the passage opening, it is preferable to first install an empty conduit in the passage opening and then later lay the actual cable through this. The empty conduit can have an outer diameter of at least 5 mm and no more than 20 mm, for example, and in particular no more than 15 mm. Particularly advantageous outer diameters can be 7 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm, for example. The fitter on site can select a suitable empty conduit and guide it through the lead-through sleeve before securing it with the filler. The lead-through sleeve can already be inserted into the passage opening, but it is preferable to first push the empty conduit through the lead-through sleeve and then insert the two together into the passage opening.If the bushing is positioned in the passage opening, the filling substance is supplied to the annular space, preferably via the injection section located outside the passage opening, see above.

[0041] As already mentioned, according to a preferred embodiment, the bushing is provided with an outlet opening. In a second (open) state, this connects a supply volume inside the bushing with a filling volume outside it. The supply volume is defined by the bushing, for example, together with the cable or a conduit laid through it, while the external filling volume is defined by the bushing together with the reveal of the passage opening. To secure the cable bushing, a flowable filling substance is fed into the supply volume, which then partially enters the filling volume via the outlet opening and hardens. Especially in the initial phase, the filling substance may still be relatively liquid and be held together or guided axially by the bushing.A special feature of this bushing, as mentioned above, can lie in the design of the outlet opening; its opening cross-section expands automatically under the increasing pressure of the fill substance, thus the outlet opening is designed to open automatically. This allows it to be provided with at least a smaller or even completely closed opening cross-section in the initial phase ("first state"). This prevents the fill substance from leaking out in the initial phase, with the automatic opening then allowing sufficient fill substance to escape into the fill volume when its expansion and solidification process begins. If the outlet opening were to retain the flow cross-section of the first state, insufficient fill substance would be able to enter the fill volume due to the increasing viscosity of the fill substance over time.The automatic opening allows both an initial hold together and a later release of the filling substance into the filling volume.

[0042] Preferred embodiments are found in the dependent claims and the entire disclosure, which always relates to aspects of use as well as to method and device aspects; in any case, the disclosure is to be read implicitly with regard to all categories of claims.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, at least one sleeve body of the feedthrough sleeve is formed from a hard plastic. A preferred hard plastic material can be, for example, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polystyrene (PS), and / or polyethylene, particularly preferably consisting of exactly one of these. Regardless of the specific material, the hard plastic can, for example, have a Shore hardness (D) of at least 40 Shore, more preferably at least 45 Shore or 50 Shore; possible upper limits are, for example, a maximum of 100 Shore, more preferably at most 90 Shore or 80 Shore (each D). The sleeve body can give the feedthrough sleeve its shape, thus in particular defining (and stabilizing) the radial dimensions of the supply and / or filling volumes. The rigid sleeve body can generally also be combined with an elastomer section that adjoins the sleeve body axially.Preferably, the rigid sleeve body extends over the entire length of the feedthrough sleeve, thus defining the feed and / or filling volume, for example, over the entire length.

[0044] Regardless of these details, the rigid sleeve body can, for example, simplify the insertion of the bushing into the passage opening, thus offering advantages during assembly. By providing the outlet opening(s) with automatic openings as described above, these "robust" handling properties can still be combined with good filler substance delivery into the filling volume. The rigid sleeve body can also ensure good transfer of the filler substance inside (in the feed volume), so that the filler substance reaches a relatively deep axial penetration into the passage opening, especially in the initial phase. Automatic opening under pressure then ensures good distribution outside.

[0045] For example, an annular space within the bushing, which the bushing defines together with a cable or preferably an empty conduit laid through it (see details below), is at least rotationally symmetrical, preferably rotationally symmetrical, around the center axis of the bushing. Unless expressly stated otherwise, “inside” and “outside” refer to the radial direction; for example, an inside or inner wall surface faces the center axis of the bushing and / or the longitudinal axis of the passage opening, while an outside or outer wall surface faces away. Terms such as “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential,” as well as the associated directions (“axial direction,” etc.), refer to the center axis of the bushing unless expressly stated otherwise. When assembled, the center axis of the bushing is preferably coaxial with a longitudinal axis of the passage opening.

[0046] The outlet opening(s) is / are arranged in a casing wall of the feedthrough sleeve, which limits the supply and filling volume. Unless otherwise stated, "a" and "an" are to be read as indefinite articles in the context of the present disclosure and thus always also as "at least one" or "at least one". The feedthrough sleeve can therefore be provided, for example, with multiple outlet openings. The plurality of outlet openings are preferably designed to open automatically, as described above, particularly preferably with identical opening mechanisms (see details below). Where simplified reference is made to "outlet openings", this always refers, unless otherwise stated, to a plurality of openings, each designed to open automatically. Preferably, a plurality of outlet openings are provided, distributed continuously and / or axially.

[0047] When describing the opening mechanisms in detail, reference is also made to one or “the” exit opening in the singular, which should always be read as a disclosure of a plurality of correspondingly designed exit openings.

[0048] According to a preferred embodiment, a flap is provided which at least partially covers the outlet opening in the first state. The flap can cover the opening cross-section, for example, by at least 50%, 70% or 90%, or even completely (100%). The pressure of the filling substance opens it, i.e. pushes it outwards. As a result, it exposes a larger part or the entire opening cross-section. This mobility of the flap is achieved with a hinge, e.g. a film or elastomer hinge (see below). In the "flap" variant, the outlet opening is preferably covered by exactly one flap, which more preferably is movable about exactly one hinge.

[0049] According to a preferred embodiment, the flap is molded from a hard plastic; see the above information regarding possible materials and degrees of hardness. This variant is preferably combined with the hard plastic sleeve body, with the flap and sleeve body preferably being molded from the same hard plastic.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the hard plastic flap is connected to the hard plastic sleeve body via a hard plastic film hinge, and these hard plastic parts are monolithic. "Monolithic" means continuously made of the same plastic material, i.e., without a material boundary between them. These hard plastic parts can preferably be injection-molded as a single component. The bushing as a whole can be a single-component injection-molded part, but also a multi-component injection-molded part (in which, for example, a seal or similar made of a soft component can be injection-molded onto the aforementioned hard plastic parts).

[0051] Where reference is generally made to a "multi-component part" in this context, this preferably comprises a hard plastic and a soft plastic component. The components are preferably integrally formed (not separable without damage), which can generally be achieved, for example, by gluing or vulcanizing. It is preferably a multi-component injection-molded part.

[0052] According to a preferred embodiment relating to a multi-component feedthrough sleeve, a sealing element is formed from the soft component and is associated with the outlet opening. Preferably, in the first state, the flap rests against or with the sealing element, thus sealing the flap against the sleeve body. If the flap is then pushed outward by the filling substance, it is lifted off the sealing element, or the flap and sealing element are lifted off the sleeve body. The sealing element can extend completely or partially around the outlet opening. In the first state, it does not necessarily have to create a complete seal, but can, for example, also promote a resilient lifting action when the flap is opened.

[0053] As an alternative to the hard plastic film hinge, the flap can also be mounted on the sleeve body via an elastomer hinge (made of a soft plastic; see below for possible details). In the case of the hard plastic flap, this can be manufactured, for example, with the elastomer hinge as a two-component injection-molded part and assembled with a hard plastic sleeve. The soft component forming the elastomer hinge can, for example, sit positively in the opening in the sleeve body, e.g., like a lamella plug, and centrally support the cover. Alternatively, the cover, sleeve body, and elastomer hinge can also be injection-molded as a multi-component part, optionally additionally with a seal as described above.

[0054] In a preferred alternative to the hard plastic flap, the flap is made of a soft plastic. Its Shore hardness (Shore A) can be, for example, a maximum of 90 Shore, 80 Shore, 75 Shore, or 70 Shore, and (independently of this), for example, a minimum of 20 Shore, 25 Shore, 30 Shore, 35 Shore, or 40 Shore. It can be, for example, a rubber material, preferably a synthetic rubber, such as EPDM (ethylene propylene diene, M group). However, it can also be, for example, a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) or a silicone-based material, such as silicone rubber or silicone elastomer.

[0055] In combination with the hard plastic sleeve body, the soft plastic flap can enable good filler distribution outside, despite the easy insertion of the feedthrough sleeve and the good filler transfer inside. Assembly is generally also possible; for example, a lamella plug with a central flap corresponding to the opening in the sleeve body can be inserted into the opening in the sleeve body. Preferably, this is a multi-component injection-molded part, so, for example, the flap is molded as a soft component onto the sleeve body as a hard component.

[0056] In general, according to a preferred embodiment, a covering section made of a soft plastic (see above) is provided, which at least partially covers the outlet opening in the first state and releases an enlarged opening cross-section in the second state. In general, this covering section can also be the soft plastic flap just discussed, i.e. it can be movable (foldable) like a hinge. However, such foldability is not mandatory; the covering section can, for example, also be connected to the sleeve body via a longer connection line, which in itself no longer acts as a folding hinge. In general, the covering section can also be connected via a completely circumferential connection line and, for example, be designed as a membrane so thin that it tears open under the pressure of the filling substance.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the connection line between the cover section and the sleeve body extends partially, but not completely, around the outlet opening (e.g., over at least 40%, 50%, or 60% of the opening circumference, but no more than 90% or 80%). This creates some space and mobility within the cover section itself, allowing it to be pushed outward by the filling substance, thus assuming a tent or dome shape open on one side under pressure. This is open on the side facing away from the connection line, allowing the filling substance to flow out in this direction.

[0058] According to an alternatively preferred embodiment, the soft plastic covering section is divided by several separating lines. These can already be separated in the first state, but alternatively, for example, a relatively thin material bridge can also be formed there, which serves as a predetermined breaking point. Viewed from above, for example, looking radially (relative to the center axis of the bushing), the separating lines can intersect at an intersection point and thus divide the covering section into several tongues running around the outlet opening. These tongues are, at least in the second state, self-supporting at the intersection point (and suspended at the edges). These free ends are pushed outwards by the filling substance and thereby also away from each other (which results in the expanded cross-section). Preferably, two separating lines are provided that intersect at a central intersection point. The covering section is thus divided into four tongues.

[0059] The dividing line(s) can generally be added subsequently, for example by punching (e.g., using a star-shaped punching tool). However, they are preferably already incorporated in the forming tool for the soft plastic covering section, e.g., using correspondingly thin webs, e.g., made of sheet metal. Alternatively, the forming tool can also define the tongues in planes that are offset from one another in the radial direction. By offsetting the adjacent tensioning tongues around the outlet opening, at least a reduced material thickness or even an initial separation is achieved. If, for example, a total of four tongues are provided (see above), the opposing tongues can each lie in the same plane, while the next adjacent tongues can lie in offset planes.Regardless of how the parting lines are introduced in detail, the corresponding covering section can generally be manufactured as a separate part and assembled with the sleeve body (e.g. as a lamella plug), but it is preferably a multi-component injection-molded part.

[0060] According to a preferred embodiment, the outlet opening has an elongated shape in the axial direction. Thus, relative to the center axis of the bushing, it is longer in the axial direction than it is wide in the circumferential direction. The length can, for example, be at least 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 times the width (with possible upper limits of, for example, a maximum of 500, 300, 100, 80, 60, 50, 40, 30, or 20 times). Several axially elongated outlet openings can be provided, distributed circumferentially; there can also be only a single outlet opening in the axial direction.

[0061] If, for example, a certain amount of handling is required during production (e.g. punching of parting lines and / or inserting a soft plastic covering section or a flap, etc., cf. the above options), the elongated but limited number of openings can help to reduce the processing effort. However, the elongated shape can also help to reduce the effort required during tool production or demolding or during subsequent visual / process inspection, for example in the case of injection molding of a soft plastic flap and / or a soft plastic hinge. Particularly preferably, the elongated outlet opening can be provided with a correspondingly elongated flap, the hinge axis of which is preferably parallel to the center axis of the feedthrough sleeve. The elongated flap can, in a second state, e.g.be wider open in a section of the supply volume proximal to the filling substance injection than in a section distal to it (the proximal section may, for example, be closer to a flange part of the line feedthrough than the distal section).

[0062] Regardless of the specific type of coating, the elongated outlet opening can preferably be designed such that the width in the circumferential direction increases as the passage opens. In an axial section of the feed volume through which the fill substance first passes during injection, the width in the circumferential direction around the center axis of the feedthrough sleeve is therefore smaller than in an axial section subsequently passed by the fill substance. Thus, even if the viscosity of the fill substance increases over time, fill substance can still enter the fill volume due to the larger outlet opening deeper in the passage opening.

[0063] This concept can also be implemented independently of the elongated outlet opening, namely with several axially successive outlet openings, in which the pressure required for automatic opening from the first to the second state and / or the opening cross-section available in the second state are set differently. As the passage opening enters, the pressure required for opening can decrease and / or the opening cross-section available in the second state can increase.

[0064] As mentioned at the beginning, the cable itself (e.g. the fiber optic cable) could generally be foamed in together with the feedthrough sleeve (i.e. the cable together with the feedthrough sleeve would limit the feed volume). However, the feedthrough sleeve preferably limits the feed volume together with an empty conduit, through which the cable can then be laid later, for example. The empty conduit can, for example, have an outer diameter of at least 5 mm and, for example, no more than 20 mm, in particular no more than 15 mm. Particularly advantageous outer diameters can be, for example, 7 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm. The installer on site can select a suitable empty conduit and feed it through the feedthrough sleeve before securing it with the filler. The feedthrough sleeve can already be inserted into the opening, but the sleeve and empty conduit can also be inserted together.

[0065] The filling substance can be supplied to the supply volume, for example, via a filling hose that is inserted axially into the supply volume. Alternatively, the filling substance can also be introduced, for example, via a filling opening in the jacket wall of the bushing, with this filling opening preferably being located outside the passage opening. In particular, the filling opening can be arranged on one axial side of a flange part (see below) and the outlet opening(s) on the other axial side of the flange part.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the cable entry has a flange part that, when the cable entry sleeve is inserted into the opening, is brought into contact with the side surface of the wall or floor element. This can, for example, create a stop for insertion, i.e., fix the cable entry sleeve in a defined installation position for the subsequent supply of filler substance. The flange part can preferably extend completely around the opening, thus, it can, for example, also perform a sealing function. In the axial direction, a comparatively thin-walled flange part can be preferred, as this allows for good pressing even in the case of unevenness in the side surface (e.g., textured plaster, breakouts, etc.). The thickness can, for example, be a maximum of 10 mm, 8 mm, 6 mm, 5 mm, or 4 mm (with possible lower limits of at least 1 mm or 2 mm).

[0067] Preferably, a bitumen or butyl tape is arranged on the side of the flange part that is pressed against the side surface. This tape preferably has a flat design, i.e., viewed in an axial section containing the center axis, it is thinner in the axial direction than in the radial direction (whereby only a separate, contiguous portion of the sealing tape is considered in the section, which portion is located on one side of the center axis). The radial dimension can, for example, be at least 2 or 3 times the axial dimension (possible upper limits are, for example, a maximum of 15 or 10 times). Regardless of these details, the flat design can easily facilitate pressing, for example in conjunction with the thin-walled flange part.

[0068] According to a preferred embodiment, the outlet opening is provided in such a way that the filling substance exits with a directional component that points towards the flange part. This will typically be superimposed with a radial directional component, so that the filling substance flows diagonally outwards in the direction of the flange part, i.e. out of the feedthrough sleeve. For this purpose, the outlet opening can be tilted in the feedthrough sleeve, i.e. in an inclined section of its casing wall. Alternatively, however, the casing wall itself can be straight when viewed in an axial section containing the central axis, but the outlet opening can be the mouth of a channel that passes diagonally through the casing wall. Furthermore, the automatically opening covering mechanism can also specify a direction towards the flange part, i.e. can, for example,The hinge of a flap is located on the side of the outlet opening facing away from the flange part, so that the flap opens toward the flange part and the filling substance flows out accordingly. The mechanisms can, of course, also be combined. The outflow direction of the filling substance, which is the average of individual outflow directions, i.e., the center of gravity direction, can form an angle of at least 10°, 20°, or 30°, and at most 80°, 70°, or 60°, with the center axis of the bushing.

[0069] Preferably, a plurality of outlet openings provided continuously and / or axially following one another are each designed for a directed discharge of filling substance in the direction of the flange part (and the filling substance flows out accordingly during assembly). In general, the directed discharge can be advantageous in that it draws the feedthrough sleeve a short distance into the passage opening or the flange part reliably into its contact with the side surface. Although a combination with automatic opening is preferred, the directed discharge should also be disclosed independently of the automatically opening outlet opening(s), i.e., for example, also in combination with an outlet opening which can be provided in particular in a hard plastic sleeve body and whose opening cross-section remains unchanged during the discharge of the filling substance.In other words, the self-opening design is an option for an outlet designed for directed discharge, but not mandatory. However, in combination with the self-opening design, implementation can be particularly simple (e.g., with a flap or dome).

[0070] The flange part can be manufactured separately from the bushing and then assembled with it, particularly in the case of a hard plastic bushing body and a soft plastic flange part. Alternatively, these hard and soft components can also be manufactured as a multi-component injection-molded part. The flange part can also be made of a hard plastic, but it is preferably molded monolithically with the hard plastic bushing body.

[0071] Preferably, the bushing and the flange part are tiltable relative to each other, i.e., an angle can be set between the center axis of the bushing and a surface normal that is perpendicular to a plane defined by the flange part (when installed, this plane is parallel to the side surface of the wall or floor element or coincides with it). The tiltability can range, for example, from 0° (untilted / parallel) to at least 10°, 20°, or 30°, with possible upper limits being 70°, 60°, or 50°. In general, the articulated mounting can also be implemented with joint surfaces that slide against each other when tilted (e.g., a ball joint).

[0072] Preferably, however, an articulated sleeve is provided which, when tilted, is compressed on one radial side and expanded on the radially opposite side (the center axis is tilted towards the former, away from the latter). The articulated sleeve can be formed with several consecutive elevations and depressions, which can, for example, each be circumferentially closed. Viewed in an axial section containing the center axis, the elevations, between each of which a depression is provided, can follow one another radially and / or axially. In an axially consecutive arrangement, all elevations (and depressions) can generally be arranged on the side of the flange part which, in the assembled state, rests against the side surface. The elevations and depressions can therefore be pushed into the passage opening during assembly.

[0073] The flange section can be positioned in relation to the axial extension of the articulated sleeve with its axially consecutive elevations / recesses, but also in a central area of ​​the sleeve, i.e., at an axial position between the axially outermost elevations. This creates one or more elevations / recesses outside the passage opening, meaning the articulated sleeve can also curve there. This can simplify the installation of the cable / conduit, particularly underground or in generally difficult-to-access locations. However, bending this section located outside the passage opening can offer advantages, for example, with regard to the supply of filler material.

[0074] The articulated sleeve can be made of a soft plastic; see the above information regarding possible materials and hardnesses. Alternatively, however, a correspondingly thin-walled hard plastic can also form the articulated sleeve (in principle comparable to a straw). Preferably, the articulated sleeve and the flange part are monolithically formed from the same material. Regardless of its specific design, the articulated sleeve, via which the feedthrough sleeve and the flange part can be tilted relative to one another, is also to be disclosed independently of the automatically opening outlet opening according to the main claim. The cable feedthrough equipped with the articulated sleeve can then optionally be provided with a automatically opening outlet opening, but automatic opening is not mandatory (the outlet opening could generally also have an unchanged flow cross-section).Furthermore, the bushing, the flange part and / or the joint sleeve can then optionally be designed in a manner described above.

[0075] In the following, the invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments, whereby the individual features within the scope of the independent claims can also be essential to the invention in other combinations and no distinction is made in detail between the different claim categories.

[0076] Parts of the invention can also be summarized in the following aspects:

[0077] 1. Aspect: Use of a cable feedthrough having a feedthrough sleeve through which a cable can be passed along a central axis of the feedthrough sleeve, wherein an outlet opening is provided in the feedthrough sleeve, which in an open, second state connects a supply volume arranged inside the feedthrough sleeve with a filling volume arranged outside the feedthrough sleeve, for installation in a passage opening in a wall or floor element of a building, wherein i) the feedthrough sleeve is inserted into the passage opening, and ii) a flowable filling substance is supplied to the feed volume of the feedthrough sleeve, which at least partially enters the filling volume via the outlet opening, wherein the outlet opening is in a first state in step i) and is brought into the second state under the pressure of the flowable filling substance in step ii).in which an opening cross-section of the outlet opening is larger than in the first state. 2nd aspect: Use according to aspect 1, in which at least one sleeve body of the feedthrough sleeve is formed from a hard plastic.

[0078] 3rd aspect: Use according to aspect 1 or 2, wherein the outlet opening in the first state is at least partially covered by a flap.

[0079] 4th aspect: Use according to aspects 2 and 3, in which the flap is also formed from the hard plastic.

[0080] 5th aspect: Use according to aspect 4, in which the flap is monolithically connected to the sleeve body via a film hinge, which is also formed from the hard plastic.

[0081] 6th aspect: Use according to aspect 4 or 5, wherein the feedthrough sleeve is a multi-component part, wherein a sealing element which seals the flap against the sleeve body in the first state and / or an elastomer joint of the flap is formed from a soft plastic.

[0082] 7th aspect: Use according to aspect 3, wherein the flap is formed from a soft plastic.

[0083] 8th aspect: Use according to aspect 1 or 2, wherein a covering portion which at least partially covers the outlet opening in the first state is formed from a soft plastic.

[0084] 9th aspect: Use according to aspect 8, in which the covering section is connected along a connection line that partially but not completely encircles the outlet opening, wherein the covering section is raised in a dome-shaped manner by the filling substance in the second state and at least partially exposes the outlet opening. 10th aspect: Use according to aspect 8, in which the covering section is circumferentially divided into several tongues that converge at an intersection point, viewed in plan view, toward their free ends, wherein the free ends are pressed apart by the filling substance in the second state.

[0085] 11 . Aspect: Use according to one of the preceding aspects, in which the outlet opening has an elongated shape in the axial direction of the bushing.

[0086] 12th aspect: Use according to aspect 11, in which the outlet opening, at least in the second state, in a feed-side section into which filling substance first reaches in step ii), has a smaller opening width than in the first state.

[0087] 13th aspect: Use according to one of the preceding aspects, in which the cable duct has a flange part which is brought into contact with a side surface of the wall or floor element in step i).

[0088] 14th aspect: Use according to aspect 13, wherein the filling substance in step ii) exits the outlet opening with a directional component that points toward the flange part.

[0089] 15th aspect: Use according to aspect 13 or 14, in which the flange part and the bushing sleeve are mounted so as to be tiltable relative to one another via a joint sleeve.

[0090] In the following, the invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments, whereby the individual features within the scope of the independent claims may also be essential to the invention in other combinations and no distinction is made in detail between the different claim categories. In detail,

[0091] Figure 1 shows a first cable feedthrough;

[0092] Figure 2 shows a second, alternatively designed cable feedthrough;

[0093] Figure 3 is an illustration of the first cable feedthrough according to Figure 1 in an assembly situation;

[0094] Figure 4 is an illustration of the second cable feedthrough according to Figure 2 in an assembly situation;

[0095] Figure 5 shows a third cable feedthrough;

[0096] Figure 6 shows a fourth cable feedthrough;

[0097] Figure 7 shows a fifth cable bushing;

[0098] Figure 8 shows a sixth cable bushing;

[0099] Figure 9 shows another cable feedthrough with a feedthrough sleeve;

[0100] Figure 10 shows an automatically opening outlet opening in the bushing sleeve according to Figure 9 in a detailed view;

[0101] Figure 11 shows an alternative to injection moulding for implementing a self-opening flap;

[0102] Figure 12 shows a soft plastic cover section which opens in a dome shape under pressure as an alternative to a flap;

[0103] Figure 13 shows the soft plastic covering section according to Figure 12 in a view rotated by 90°;

[0104] Figure 14a b shows a flap with a seal as an alternative to the variant according to Figure 10 in the closed and open state;

[0105] Figure 15 shows a feedthrough sleeve in a schematic representation, with axially elongated outlet openings in the jacket wall;

[0106] Figure 16 shows a soft plastic covering section divided into tongues by dividing lines;

[0107] Figure 17 shows the covering section according to Figure 16 in a sectional side view;

[0108] Figure 18 shows a cable bushing with outlet openings in the bushing sleeve designed for directed discharge of filling substance;

[0109] Figure 19 shows a cable feedthrough with an articulated sleeve. Figure 1 shows a cable feedthrough 1 having a feedthrough sleeve 2 and a flange part 3. An empty conduit 4 is passed through the feedthrough sleeve 2, in which the actual cable 5, in this case a fiber optic cable, can later be laid. The feedthrough sleeve 2 is divided into an insertion section 12, which is pushed into a passage opening (see below), and an injection section 13, which then protrudes from the passage opening. Together with the empty conduit 4, specifically its outer wall surface 4.1, the feedthrough sleeve 2 defines an annular space 6. In the injection section 13, a casing wall 22 of the feedthrough sleeve 2, which radially outwardly defines the annular space 6, has a filling opening 15 provided therein, through which a filling substance, in particular a PU-based injection resin, can be supplied to the annular space 6.

[0110] The shell wall in the injection section is constructed in multiple layers, namely a layer 22a made of an elastomer material and a layer 22b made of a rigid plastic. A nozzle 25 is monolithically formed with layer 22a, to which an injection cartridge can be connected (see also Figure 2 for illustration). The nozzle 25 opens obliquely into the annular space 6 at the filling opening 15. The filling substance supplied outside the passage opening is thus injected with a directional component into the insertion section 12, i.e., into the passage opening.

[0111] The insertion section 12 is divided into a first axial section 12.1 and a second axial section 12.2. In the latter, the bushing 2 is provided with a plurality of outlet openings 26. The filler substance can exit from these and contact a reveal of the passage opening. In the first axial section 12.1, however, the casing wall 22 is closed, which promotes the further transmission of the filler substance. There, the bushing 2 has a multi-layer construction, as in the injection section 13; the rigid layer 22b is formed by a support sleeve 32. In this case, this extends continuously across sections 13, 12.1, and 12.2, and is provided with the outlet openings 26 in the second axial section 12.2.

[0112] The layer 22a formed from the elastomer material extends monolithically over the injection section 13 and the first axial section 12.1. Furthermore, the flange part 3 or its elastomer layer is also monolithically formed from the elastomer material. The elastic flange part 3 can be easily pressed on; on one side thereof, it has a flat bitumen band 35. Between the flange part 3 and the feedthrough sleeve 2, an elastomeric deformation element 38 is formed from the elastomer material and serves as a joint 39. This allows the elastomer sleeve 2 to be tilted relative to the flange part 3, i.e., its center axis 18 can be tilted relative to a plane 19 defined by the flange part 3.

[0113] Figure 2 shows a cable feedthrough 1 with an alternative design in some parts, with the differences from the above-mentioned variant being discussed below. In general, within the scope of the present disclosure, the same reference numerals refer to parts with the same or comparable function, and reference is therefore always made to the description of the respective other figures. In the variant according to Figure 2, the injection section 13 is constructed analogously to Figure 1, and the insertion section 12 is also divided into two axial sections 12.1, 12.2.

[0114] In contrast to Figure 1, however, the jacket wall 22 in the second axial section is not formed from the rigid material of layer 22b, but from the elastomer material. This jacket wall 22 of the second axial section 12.2 is formed monolithically with layer 22a of the first axial section 12.1 and injection section 13. In the second axial section 12.2, the expansion of the filler substance is not limited by the support sleeve 32, unlike in the first axial section 12.1, and as a result, the flexible jacket wall 22 is pressed radially outwards by the filler substance. In order to keep the outlet openings 26 for the filler substance easily accessible despite this flexible design, spacers 40 are formed on the inside of the jacket wall, which hold the jacket wall 22 in a defined manner around the empty pipe 4. Figure 2 further illustrates the attachment of a resin cartridge 45, the injection nozzle 46 of which can be inserted into the nozzle 25 of the elastomer sleeve 2.

[0115] Figures 3 and 4 each illustrate an assembly step preceding the injection of the filler substance. The respective cable duct 1 is inserted into a respective passage opening 50, in particular a bore, in a respective wall or floor element 51 (in this case, a wall). The flange part 3 rests flat against the side surface 51.1 via the butyl tape 35. The passage opening 50 is not perpendicular to this side surface 51.1, but tilted. This tilt is also adjusted for the duct sleeve 1 using the joint 39 formed from the elastomer material; the sleeve is tilted correspondingly to the flange part 3 via the joint 39.

[0116] Figure 5 shows a cable feedthrough 1 which, analogous to the variant according to Figure 1, is provided with a rigid jacket wall in the second axial section 12.2. In contrast to Figure 1, the elastomer material from which the layer 22a in the first axial section and the flange part 3 are formed does not extend continuously into the injection section 13. Nevertheless, as in the previous variants, a sealing collar 61 made of the elastomer material is arranged at its axial end 50. This seals off the annular space 6 towards the axial end 15, thus preventing any leakage of filler substance. The sealing collar 61 can be pulled onto the support sleeve 32 as a separate part, but it can also be injection-molded as a soft component during production as a multi-component injection-molded part.

[0117] The variant according to Figure 5 further differs from the preceding embodiments in that the nozzle 25 is not monolithically formed from the elastomer material, but rather monolithically formed from the hard plastic with the support sleeve 32. This applies analogously to the variant according to Figure 6, in which the injection section 13 and the first axial section 12.1 are designed as in the variant according to Figure 5, while the second axial section 12.2 corresponds to the embodiment according to Figure 2.

[0118] Figure 7 shows a schematic of a cable bushing 1, the bushing sleeve 2 of which is provided with outlet openings 26, during foaming. The exit of the filler substance 55 from the individual outlet openings 26 can be seen. The filler substance 55 exits in a directed manner, i.e., from each outlet opening 26, in a direction 120 which, in addition to a radial directional component 120.1, has a directional component 120.2 toward the flange part 3. This flange part is thus well drawn into the system against the wall (not shown here). The directed exit of the filler substance can be achieved, for example, by having the channels forming the outlet openings 26 pass through the rigid casing wall 22 at an angle in the direction of the flange part 3.

[0119] The flange part 3 is connected to the bushing 2 via an elastomeric joint 39, for which purpose a jacket wall of the joint 39 is formed with a raised portion 125 that creates clearance. In this case, the flange part 3 and the joint 39 are monolithically formed from a soft plastic and assembled with the bushing 2. The flange part 3 has a comparatively thin wall, which allows for good pressing against the side surface of the wall or floor element (see Figure 1 for illustration). Using a large-area butyl tape 35, the flange part 3 can be pressed against the side surface and secured thereto, in principle like an adhesive or fabric tape.

[0120] Figure 8 shows an alternative variant to Figure 7 with regard to the realization of the tiltability, whereby reference is made to the above explanations with regard to the other features. The casing wall of the elastomeric joint 39 is also formed with a protrusion 125, wherein in this example several protrusions 125 are arranged axially one after the other with a respective depression 126 between them. Figure 8 illustrates a curved line routing, for which the protrusions 125 are compressed towards one another on one side (top in Figure 8) and expanded away from one another on the opposite side (bottom in Figure 8). The flange part 3 is arranged at an axially central position of the joint 39 (formed monolithically with it), so that a curved line routing is also possible in a section thereof lying outside the passage opening.The possibility of tilting outside the passage opening can be of interest not only with regard to a curved laying of the empty pipe 4, but also with regard to the positioning of the injection nozzle 46, through which the filling substance 55 is supplied.

[0121] Figure 9 shows a cable entry 1 comprising a bushing 2 and a flange 3. A conduit 4 is passed through the bushing 2, into which the actual cable 5 (only schematically indicated) can later be laid, in this case a fiber optic cable. During assembly of the cable entry 1, the bushing 2 is inserted into a passage opening 50 in a wall or floor element 51, in this case into a hole in a wall. The flange 3 thereby comes into contact with the side surface 51.1 of the wall or floor element 51.

[0122] To secure and seal the feedthrough sleeve 2, a filler substance 55, typically a 2K expansion resin, such as a PU-based one, is fed into a feed volume 6 that defines the feedthrough sleeve 2 together with the empty conduit 4. The filler substance 55 is initially still relatively liquid, but the feedthrough sleeve 2 and the feed volume 6 defined thereby prevent uncontrolled leakage of the filler substance 55. The feedthrough sleeve 2, specifically its sleeve body 122, is made of a hard plastic (e.g., ABS), which simplifies insertion even with small borehole diameters and, in particular, can result in good axial flow of the filler substance 55 into the passage opening 50. In simple terms, the feed volume 6 is relatively rigidly defined in this initial phase, and the filler substance 55 is guided deep into the opening, i.e., to the left in Figure 9.

[0123] A plurality of outlet openings 26 are provided in the feedthrough sleeve 2 to connect the supply volume 6 with a filling volume 56 arranged on the outside of the feedthrough sleeve 2. These outlet openings are designed to open automatically, namely, in a first state shown here, they are largely closed (see in particular the following detailed illustrations). This holds the initially relatively liquid filling substance together. However, once the filling substance 55 has expanded axially (see also Figures 17 and 18 for illustration) and the pressure in the supply volume 6 increases, particularly as a result of the chemical reaction of the filling substance, the openings 26 transition to a second state in which they have a larger opening cross-section. This allows the filling substance 55, whose viscosity increases over time, to easily exit into the filling volume 56, and the feedthrough sleeve 2 is reliably foamed into the passage opening 50.

[0124] Figure 10 shows an outlet opening 26 in a detailed view, namely viewed in a sectional plane containing the center axis 9 of the feedthrough sleeve 2. A section of the sleeve body 122 can be seen, with a cover 70 formed monolithically therewith, i.e., made of the same continuous hard plastic material. The cover 70 is mounted on the sleeve body 122 via a hinge 71, which in this case is formed as a film hinge 72 (made of the hard plastic material). If pressure is applied to the cover 70 from the inside, i.e., from the feed volume 6, it is lifted slightly (shown in dashed lines), thus enlarging the opening cross-section 75 available for the outflow of the filling substance.In the example according to Figure 10, the cover 70 and the sleeve body 122, as well as the film hinge 72 as an area of ​​reduced material thickness, are injection-molded in one go as a hard component; the bushing 2 can be a single-component or multi-component injection-molded part (for example, the flange part 3 could be injection-molded as a soft component). Figure 11 illustrates an alternative possibility for implementing a flap 70, which, in contrast to that according to Figure 10, is not formed monolithically with the sleeve body 122, which is only schematically indicated here in plan view, but is inserted as a separate part. The flap 70 is part of a lamella plug 77, which additionally has a collar 78 running around the outside. This collar 78 is pressed into an opening in the sleeve body 122, with the lamellae then holding it in the opening with a positive fit; see Figure 4 for an illustration.

[0125] Figure 12 shows another lamellar plug 77 in an axial section, thus first illustrating the collar 78 with the lamellar plug(s) 80 (only one is shown here for the sake of clarity). These create(s) a frictional or preferably positive fit when inserted into the opening in the sleeve body 122. Figure 13 shows the same lamellar plug 77 in a sectional plane rotated by 90°, i.e., perpendicular to the central axis 9. The covering mechanism differs from the variants discussed so far, whereby a corresponding outlet opening 26 can also be integrated independently of the implementation as a lamellar plug 77, i.e., can be injection-molded as a soft component into a sleeve body 122 made of hard plastic.

[0126] Regardless of the implementation (lamellar plug or 2K injection-molded part), a covering section 85 of this variant is provided made of a soft plastic, e.g., TPE. A connecting line 86, along which the covering section 85 is connected to the collar 78 or sleeve body 122, is partially, but not completely, closed around the outlet opening 26. This covering section 85 is shown hatched in its first state; it is, so to speak, turned downward and largely covers the outlet opening 26. If increasing pressure is built up by the filler substance in the feed volume 6, the covering section 85 can ultimately be turned outwards due to its elastic deformability, see the dashed representation. It then spans the outlet opening 26 in a dome shape and allows the filler substance to exit, to the left in Figure 4.Figures 14 a, b illustrate a further variant, namely a cover 70 which is additionally provided with a seal 90. In the present case, the seal 90, e.g. made of TPE, is provided in one piece with the cover 70 made of hard plastic, e.g. ABS. The two can be manufactured together as a multi-component injection-molded part, whereby they can be assembled with the sleeve body 122 or the latter can also be manufactured in the same injection-molding process (as a hard component). One possible manufacturing option could be, for example, that after removal from the mold, the seal 90 is still completely connected to the sleeve body 122 and is subsequently partially detached using a punching or cutting tool. The remaining connection area can then simultaneously serve as a hinge 71, specifically as an elastomer hinge 91.

[0127] Figure 15 schematically shows a bushing 2 manufactured as a two-component injection-molded part. The bushing body 122 is made of a hard plastic, while the flaps 70 that provide automatic opening are injection-molded from a soft plastic. The flaps 70 are each connected to the bushing body 22 along an edge 95 to form the hinge 71 or elastomer hinge 92, respectively. At the opposite edge 96, however, a parting line 97 provides the opening capability (indicated by dashed lines). These parting lines 97 can be added subsequently or kept free in the mold. The outlet openings 26 are elongated in the axial direction, thus significantly larger than in the circumferential direction 110.In reality, the outlet openings 26 will not reach to the axial ends of the sleeve body 122, unlike the schematic representation here, but will extend continuously there in a closed manner (which creates stability).

[0128] Figures 16 and 17 illustrate a further possible design for a self-opening cover element 115, specifically in plan view (Figure 8) and in section (Figure 9). The cover element 115 is made of a soft plastic and, in the first state, completely covers the outlet opening 26. However, it is divided by two dividing lines 116.1, 116.2 that intersect at an intersection point 117. The dividing lines 116.1, 116.2 divide the cover element 115 into four tongues 115.1-115.4. Under the increasing pressure of the filling substance in the feed volume 6, the dividing lines 116.1, 116.2 open, and the tongues 115.1-115.4 are pressed outward and apart, see the arrows in Figure 17 for illustration.

[0129] In a simple case, a corresponding covering element 115 could also be realized by producing an initially closed soft plastic membrane and subsequently punching the dividing lines 116.1, 116.2. However, the subdivision can also be realized in the injection molding tool, with the tongues 115.1-115.4 being formed in mutually offset planes. Specifically, the adjacent tongues are offset from each other, but the opposing tongues are located in the same plane. Depending on the distance between the planes, a small bridge of material may remain between the adjacent tongues, which is then torn open.

[0130] Figure 18 shows a cable bushing 1, the bushing sleeve 2 of which is provided with outlet openings 26, schematically during foaming. The outlet of the filler substance 55 from the individual outlet openings 26 can be seen. The filler substance 55 exits in a directed manner, i.e. from each outlet opening 26 in a direction 120 which, in addition to a radial directional component 120.1, has a directional component 120.2 towards the flange part 3. The flange part 3 is thus easily drawn into the system against the wall (not shown here). The directed outlet of the filler substance can be achieved, for example, by arranging the hinges 71 on the side of the respective flap facing away from the flange part 3, as in the embodiment according to Figure 9, so that the flaps open towards the flange part 3. However, the covering section 85 can also be aligned accordingly according to Figure 12 (so that the flange part 3 would be on the left side) or the outlet opening 26 orThe channel forming it itself can be tilted accordingly. The flange part 3 is connected to the bushing sleeve 2 via a joint sleeve 120, so that the bushing sleeve 2 can also be inserted into an obliquely drilled hole (see Figure 11 for illustration). For this purpose, the joint sleeve 120 is formed with a raised portion 125 that creates play. In the present case, the flange part 3 and the joint sleeve 120 are monolithically formed from a soft plastic, and the bushing sleeve or sleeve body 122 is inserted. Alternatively, such a cable feedthrough can also be provided without a sleeve body, i.e., the soft plastic of the joint sleeve can form the bushing sleeve 2 (e.g., as in the second axial section in Fig. 2). The flange part 3 has a comparatively thin-walled design, which allows it to be pressed firmly against the side surface of the wall or floor element (see Figure 1 for illustration).Using a large-area butyl tape 35, the flange part 3 can be pressed onto the side surface and fastened thereto in principle like an adhesive or fabric tape.

[0131] Figure 19 shows an alternative variant to Figure 18 with regard to the implementation of the tilting capability. Regarding the remaining features, reference is made to the above explanations. In general, throughout the present disclosure, the same reference numerals designate the same parts or parts with a comparable function, and reference is therefore always made to the description of the respective other figures. The joint sleeve 120 is also formed with a protrusion 125, whereby in this example, several protrusions 125 are arranged axially successively with a respective recess 126 between them.

[0132] Figure 19 illustrates a curved pipe routing, for which the elevations 125 are compressed towards one another on one side (top in Figure 19) and expanded away from one another on the opposite side (bottom in Figure 19). The flange part 3 is arranged at an axially central position of the articulated sleeve 120 (formed monolithically with it), so that a curved pipe routing is also possible in a section thereof located outside the passage opening. In the present example, the flange part 3 and the articulated sleeve 120 are made of a hard plastic, but are comparatively thin-walled, so that the tiltability shown is possible despite the inherently rigid material. The tiltability outside the passage opening can be of interest not only with regard to a curved routing of the empty pipe 4, but also with regard to the positioning of the injection nozzle 46, through which the filling substance 55 is supplied.

Claims

Claims: Use of a cable gland (1) comprising a bushing (2) through which a cable can be passed along a central axis (9) of the bushing (2) and a flange part (3) for bearing against a side surface (51.1) of the wall or floor element (51), wherein the bushing (2) is tiltably mounted on the flange part (3) to change a tilting angle, and wherein the tiltable mounting is realized via an elastomeric deformation element (28) as a joint (39) for installation in a passage opening (50) in a wall or floor element (51) of a building, wherein the bushing (2) is inserted into the passage opening (50) in such a way that the flange part (3) bears against the side surface (51.1) of the wall or floor element (51).Use according to claim 1, wherein, in the case of the cable entry (1), the central axis (5) of the bushing (2) is perpendicular to a plane (11) defined by the flange part (3) in an unloaded state, but in use the opening (50) is tilted relative to a surface normal on the side surface (51.1) and the bushing (2) is tilted relative to the flange part (3) in the opening (50) by deformation of the elastomeric deformation element (28). Use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the joint (39) realized as an elastomeric deformation element (28) has a shell wall formed with a circumferential protrusion (125) and / or a circumferential depression (126). Use according to claim 3, wherein the outer wall of the elastomeric deformation element (28) extends from an inner radial position on the bushing (2) to an outer radial position on the flange part (3) and is formed with a circumferential protrusion (125) and a circumferential recess (126) that follow each other radially. Use according to claim 3 or 4, wherein at least one layer of the flange part (3) is provided made of an elastomeric material, the outer wall of the elastomeric deformation element (28) being monolithic with the at least one layer. Use according to claim 5, wherein the layer of the flange part (3) provided made of the elastomeric material has a thickness of at most 10 mm. Use according to claim 6, wherein the flange part (3) has a planar bitumen or butyl layer, the radial extent of which, viewed in an axial section, is greater than its axial extent.Use according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the feedthrough sleeve (2) is formed monolithically with at least one layer of the flange part (3) made of the elastomeric material. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the feedthrough sleeve (2) has at one end a radially inward extending sealing collar (61) which abuts a conduit (4) passing through the feedthrough sleeve (2). Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, when an insertion section (12) of the feedthrough sleeve (2) is inserted into the through-hole (50) and the flange part (3) abuts the side surface (5), an injection section (13) of the feedthrough sleeve (2) which is located on. a side of the flange part (3) that is axially opposite the insertion section (12) protrudes from the through-hole (50), wherein a filling opening (15) is provided in a shell wall (22) of the through-hole sleeve (2) in the injection section (13), through which a flowable filling substance, which then solidifies, is filled into an annular space (6) defined by the through-hole sleeve (2). Use according to claim 10, wherein a nozzle (25) forming the filling opening (15) is oriented obliquely to the central axis (9) of the through-hole sleeve (2) and / or is formed monolithically with at least one layer (22a, 22b) of the shell wall (22) of the through-hole sleeve (2).Use according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feedthrough sleeve (2) is provided with an outlet opening (26) which, when the feedthrough sleeve (2) is inserted into the through-hole (50), is in a first state and is brought into a second state under the pressure of flowable filling substance, in which an opening cross-section of the outlet opening (26) is larger than in the first state. Use according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an insertion section (12) of the bushing inserted into the through-hole (3) is divided into a first axial section (12.1) which connects to the flange part (3) and a second axial section (12.2) which follows the first axial section (12.1) axially away from the flange part (3), wherein a shell wall (22) of the bushing (2) is closed in the first axial section (12.1) and is provided with a plurality of outlet openings (26) in the second axial section (12.2).Use according to claim 13, wherein at least in the second axial section (12.2) a spacer (40) is provided on an inner wall surface of the casing wall (22) of the feedthrough sleeve (2) to prevent man-. to keep the outer wall (22) of the feedthrough sleeve (2) spaced apart from an outer wall surface (4.1) of a conduit (4) passing through it. Use according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the feedthrough sleeve (2) is elastically deformable at least in the second axial section (12.2), i.e., the outer wall (22) of the feedthrough sleeve (2) is formed from an elastomeric material. Use according to claim 14 or 15, excluding combinations with claim 8, wherein the feedthrough sleeve (2) is rigidly formed at least in the second axial section (12.2), i.e., the outer wall (22) of the feedthrough sleeve (2) is formed from a rigid material. Use according to any one of claims 13 to 16, excluding combinations with claim 8, wherein the outer wall (22) of the feedthrough sleeve (2) is rigidly formed in the first axial section (12.1) is multilayered, namely in a layer (22a) of an elastomeric material, which is supported by a support sleeve (32) as a further layer (22b). Use according to claims 15 and 17, wherein the layer (22a) of the first axial section (12.1) formed from the elastomeric material and the outer wall (22) of the bushing sleeve (2) of the second axial section (12.2) are monolithically formed together.

Images