Glazed element comprising a system for predicting and / or detecting condensation

Abstract

The present invention relates to a glazed element (1) for a vehicle comprising a glass pane (2) extending along a main surface (3), a first temperature sensor (6) for sensing the temperature of the surrounding environment at a first point (7) on the outside of the glass pane, a humidity sensor (8) designed to pick up a relative humidity of the surrounding environment, and an assembly comprising at least one second temperature sensor (10), the assembly being configured to pick up a plurality of second temperatures at third points (11) on the first surface that are different from one another.

Description

Glazed element comprising a fogging prediction and / or detection system FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to the detection of fogging on vehicle glazing. In particular, it relates to a glazed element for a vehicle comprising glazing and a system for predicting and / or detecting fogging on the glazing. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] When drops of mist appear on the inside of a vehicle window, it is known to manually activate an ambient temperature and / or ventilation regulator in the vehicle, so as to control evaporation of the drops of mist.

[0003] However, this method can distract the driver. Furthermore, this method is only possible when the mist drops have already appeared and have already impaired the driver's visual perception through the glass.

[0004] To this end, document EP 3 552 004 describes a capacitive fog sensor comprising interdigitated electrodes inserted into a glazing unit. When fog forms on the inner face of the glazing unit, the capacitance measured by the sensor varies. This makes it possible to avoid visual fog detection and reduce the driver's loss of concentration.

[0005] However, the sensor described in EP 3 552 004 cannot detect even the smallest drops of mist. Therefore, it is possible that the mist may be noticeable to the driver before it is detected by the capacitive sensor.

[0006] In addition, capacitive fog detection can have a latency of around ten seconds. For example, a known fog sensor comprises a material capable of absorbing water from a drop of fog. In this case, the electrical capacitance of this material is measured by the sensor and the latency of the sensor can depend on the water absorption kinetics of the material. This latency can be sufficient for fog density to increase and thus degrade the driver's visual perception.

[0007] Finally, it is not possible to predict the nucleation of mist drops using the sensor described in document EP 3 552 004.

[0008] One aim of the invention is to propose a solution for predicting and / or detecting the appearance of mist on the internal face of the windshield of a vehicle before the drops of mist are perceptible by the driver of the vehicle.

[0009] This object is achieved within the scope of the present invention by means of a glazed element for a vehicle, comprising a glazing extending along a main surface, the glazing comprising a first glass sheet, the first glass sheet having a first face, the first face being capable of being in contact with an ambient environment inside the vehicle and of supporting the nucleation of a drop of mist, the glazed element being characterized in that it comprises: - a first temperature sensor configured to acquire a first temperature T1 of the ambient environment at a first point outside the glazing, a first distance d1 between the first point and a point on the first face closest to the first point being between 20 µm and 5 cm, - a hygrometric sensor configured to acquire a relative humidity RH of the ambient environment at a second point outside the glazing,a second distanced2 between the second point and a point of the first face closest to the second point being between 20 µm and 5 cm, the first point preferably coinciding with the second point,- an assembly comprising at least one second temperature sensor, the assembly being configured to acquire a plurality of second temperaturesT2 at third points of the first face which are different from each other.,

[0010] The present invention is advantageously completed by the following characteristics, taken individually or in any of their technically possible combinations: - the glazed assembly comprises a control unit configured to: acquire the first temperature T1 of the ambient environment by the first temperature sensor, acquire the humidity level RH of the ambient environment by the hygrometric sensor, acquire the plurality of second temperatures T2 by the assembly, determine a dew point temperature T dpfrom the first temperature T1 and the humidity level RH, and compare the dew point temperature to a plurality of second temperatures T2, - the control unit is configured to determine the presence of a drop of mist on the first face from the comparison of the dew point temperature T dpat the plurality of second temperaturesT2,- the first face comprises a detection surface, the detection surface comprising the third points and running along at least one element chosen from a lateral edge of the glazing, a lateral edge on the driver's side of the glazing, a lower lateral edge of the glazing, a corner of the glazing and a lower corner on the driver's side of the glazing,- the second temperature sensor is a photodetector configured to detect a light beam having a wavelength included in the infrared wavelength range,- the second temperature sensor is an imager, the first face comprising a detection surface, the imager being configured to image the detection surface,- the photodetector comprises an infrared thermopile, the first face comprising a detection surface,the infrared thermopile being mounted on a support configured to orient the infrared thermopile towards each of the third points of the plurality of third points,- the glazed element comprises a housing configured to support a rearview mirror of the vehicle, the photodetector being arranged in the housing,- the assembly comprises a plurality of second temperature sensors, each second temperature sensor being arranged in direct contact with the first face,- at least one of the second temperature sensors comprises a layer formed in an electrically conductive and / or electrically semiconductive material, the layer being in contact with the first face,- the second temperature sensor comprises an electrical circuit configured to measure an electrical resistance of the layer,- the layer is formed by a strip of the material deposited on the first face, preferably by cathode sputtering,- the layer is transparent,- the electrically conductive and / or electrically semiconductive material is at least chosen from indium-tin oxide and zinc oxide,- the glazed element comprises a voltage generator having two terminals connected to the layer, the generator being configured to generate a voltage greater than 10 V, in particular greater than 20 V and preferably greater than 40 V., DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

[0011] Other characteristics, aims and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description, which is purely illustrative and non-limiting, and which must be read in conjunction with the appended figures, among which: - schematically illustrates a glazed element according to an embodiment of the invention, - schematically illustrates a section of a glazed element according to an embodiment of the invention, - schematically illustrates a detail of a section of a glazed element according to an embodiment of the invention, - schematically illustrates a glazed element according to an embodiment of the invention, - schematically illustrates a method for predicting and / or detecting fogging according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0012] Throughout the figures, similar elements have identical references. Definitions

[0013] The term "glazing" means a structure comprising at least one sheet of organic or mineral glass suitable for mounting in a vehicle. The term "laminated glazing" means a glazed assembly comprising at least two sheets of glass and an interlayer formed of plastic, preferably viscoelastic, separating the two sheets of glass. The interlayer may comprise one or more layers of viscoelastic polymer, for example poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The interlayer film is preferably made of standard PVB or acoustic PVB. The acoustic PVB may comprise three layers: two outer layers of standard PVB and an inner layer of PVB comprising a plasticizer so as to make the inner layer less rigid than the outer layers.

[0014] The glazing of the glazed element according to all of the embodiments of the invention has a shape and a geometry configured to be mounted on a vehicle in a single predetermined position. Thus, it is possible to define, with respect to this predetermined position, a driver-side lateral edge of the glazing, a passenger-side lateral edge of the glazing, an upper lateral edge of the glazing and a lower lateral edge of the glazing. In the same way, it is possible to define, with respect to this predetermined position, an upper corner of the driver's side of the glazing, an upper corner of the passenger's side of the glazing, a lower corner of the driver's side of the glazing and a lower corner of the passenger's side of the glazing.

[0015] The term "driver's side edge" of the glazing means the side edge of the glazing on the driver's side when the glazing is mounted on the vehicle in a single position predetermined by the shape and geometry of the glazing.

[0016] "Passenger side side edge" of a glazing unit means the side edge of the glazing unit positioned on the passenger side, opposite the driver's side, when the glazing unit is mounted on the vehicle in a single position predetermined by the shape and geometry of the glazing unit.

[0017] The term "upper side edge" of a glazing unit means the side edge of the glazing unit positioned on the upper part of the glazing unit, when the glazing unit is mounted on the vehicle in a single position predetermined by the shape and geometry of the glazing unit.

[0018] The term "lower side edge" of a glazing unit means the side edge of the glazing unit positioned on the lower part of the glazing unit, when the glazing unit is mounted on the vehicle in a single position predetermined by the shape and geometry of the glazing unit.

[0019] The term "driver's side upper corner" of a glazing unit means the corner of the glazing unit positioned on the upper part of the driver's side glazing unit, when the glazing unit is mounted to the vehicle in a single position predetermined by the shape and geometry of the glazing unit.

[0020] The term "driver's side lower corner" of a glazing unit means the corner of the glazing unit positioned on the lower part of the driver's side glazing unit, when the glazing unit is mounted to the vehicle in a single position predetermined by the shape and geometry of the glazing unit.

[0021] The term “infrared wavelength range” means the range of wavelengths between 780 nm and 1 mm, in particular between 780 nm and 20 µm, and preferably between 780 nm and 2 µm.

[0022] Relative humidity, denoted RH, is the ratio between the partial pressure of water vapor contained in the ambient air at a temperature and the saturation vapor pressure at the same temperature. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] General architecture of glazed element 1 and theoretical basis of the operation of glazed element 1

[0024] With reference to the, a glazed element 1 for a vehicle comprises a glazing 2. The glazing 2 extends along a main surface 3. The glazing 2 comprises a first glass sheet 4. The first glass sheet 4 has a first face F4 capable of being in contact with an ambient environment inside the vehicle and of supporting the nucleation of a drop of mist 5. The glazing 1 may be a laminated glazing.

[0025] The glazed element 1 comprises a first temperature sensor 6 configured to acquire a first temperature T1 of the ambient environment at a first point 7 outside the glazing 2. The first temperature sensor 6 may comprise a probe arranged at the first point 7. A first distance d1 between the first point 7 and a point of the first face F4 closest to the first point 7 is between 20 µm and 5 cm, preferably between 5 µm and 2 cm, preferably between 1 mm and 1 cm.

[0026] The glazed element 1 comprises a hygrometric sensor 8 configured to acquire a relative humidity RH of the ambient environment at a second point 9 outside the glazing 2. The hygrometric sensor 8 may comprise a probe arranged at the second point 9. A second distance d2 between the second point 9 and a point of the first face F4 closest to the second point 9 is between 20 µm and 5 cm, preferably between 5 µm and 2 cm, preferably between 1 mm and 1 cm.

[0027] The glazed element 1 comprises an assembly comprising at least one second temperature sensor 10. The assembly is configured to acquire a plurality of second temperatures T2 at third points 11 of the first face F4, the third points 11 being different from each other.

[0028] Thus, it is possible to compare a dew point temperatureT dp in the direct vicinity of the first face F4 at the temperature of the first face F4 at different points of the first face F4. The term dew point temperatureT is understood to mean dpin the direct vicinity of the first face F4 a dew point temperature at a point located at a distance of between 20 µm and 5 cm, preferably between 500 µm and 2 cm, preferably between 1 mm and 1 cm from the first face F4. Indeed, the inventors have discovered that it is possible to accurately predict or detect the nucleation of mist drops 5 on the first face F4 by comparing temperatures at different third points of the first face 4, subject to high temperature variability, to the dew point temperature T dp near the surface.

[0029] In fact, fog appears on the first face F4 when the temperature of the first face F4 is lower than the dew point temperature T dp (also known as the "dew point temperature") in the vicinity of the first face F4. The dew point temperatureT dpin the vicinity of the first face F4 can be calculated from the relative humidityRHof the ambient environment and the first temperatureT1of the ambient environment in the vicinity of the first face F4. The dew point temperatureT dp is defined by equation 1 as follows: (1)

[0030] in whichP vap (T1)is the vapor pressure of water for the first temperature T1,ais a constant pressure equal to 6.1121 mbar,bis a constant value equal to 18.678 ectis a constant temperature equal to 257.14 °C. Thus, the dew point temperatureT dp can be determined from P vap (T1).

[0031] The vapor pressure of water P vap (T1) for the first temperatureT1is defined by equation 2 and by equation 3 as follows: (2) (3)

[0032] in whichP sat is the saturated vapor pressure of water at temperature T1,ΔHν is the latent heat of vaporization of water, equal to 2,461.106 J.kg -1 andR air is the gas constant for humid air, equal to 461.0 JK -1 .kg -1 .

[0033] Thus, a nucleation of a drop of mist 5 is detected if at least one of the second temperatures T2 is lower than the dew point temperature T dp in the vicinity of the first face F4. Furthermore, the nucleation of a drop of mist 5 can be predicted when the difference between at least one of the second temperatures T2 and between the dew point temperature T dp in the vicinity of the first face F4 is positive and decreases over time.

[0034] The glazed element 1 may comprise a control unit 12 configured to:- acquire the first temperature T1 of the ambient environment by the first temperature sensor 6,- acquire the humidity level RH of the ambient environment by the hygrometric sensor 8,- acquire the plurality of second temperatures T2 by the assembly,- determine the dew point temperature T dp from the first temperature T1 and the humidity rate RH, and- compare the dew point temperature T dp at a plurality of second temperaturesT2.

[0035] The control unit 12 can be configured to determine the presence of a drop of mist on the first face F4 from the comparison of the dew point temperature T dp to the plurality of second temperatures T2. Preferably, the control unit 12 can be configured to determine a value representative of the presence of a drop of mist by comparing the dew point temperature T dpat the plurality of second temperatures T2 and configured to determine the presence of a drop of mist on the first face F4 from the value representative of the presence of a drop of mist.

[0036] The control unit 12 can be configured to predict the nucleation of a drop of mist from a series of values ​​representative of the presence of a drop of mist.

[0037] With reference to the, another aspect of the invention is a method 400 for determining and / or predicting the presence of a drop of mist on the first face F4 of the glazed element 1, the method 400 comprising the steps of:- acquisition 401 of the first temperature T1 of the ambient environment by the first temperature sensor 6,- acquisition 402 of the humidity level RH of the ambient environment by the hygrometric sensor 8,- acquisition 403 of the plurality of second temperatures T2 by the assembly,- determination 404 of the dew point temperature T dpfrom the first temperature T1 and the humidity rate RH, and - comparison 405 the dew point temperature T dp at at least one of the second temperatures T2 and preferably at a plurality of second temperatures T2.

[0038] The method may comprise a step 406 of determining the presence of a drop of mist 5 from the comparison 405. Preferably, the determination step 406 may comprise a sub-step of determining a value representative of the presence of a drop of mist by comparing the dew point temperature T dp at the plurality of second temperaturesT2, then a sub-step of determining the presence of a drop of mist on the first face F4 from the value representative of the presence of a drop of mist.

[0039] The method may comprise a step of repeating the steps of acquisition 401, acquisition 402, acquisition 403, determination 404, comparison 405, and determination 406, then a step of comparison 407 of the representative values ​​determined by each of the determination steps 406. Thus, it is possible to predict the nucleation or the presence of drops of mist 5 on the first face F4.

[0040] The method may comprise, following the determination step 406 and / or the comparison step 407, a step of actuating a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system of the vehicle, so as to increase the ambient temperature of the vehicle and / or the temperature of the first face F4, following the determination of the presence of mist drops 5 and / or the prediction of the nucleation of mist drops 5. Thus, it is possible to cause the evaporation of the mist drops 5 and / or to avoid the nucleation of the mist drops 5.

[0041] First temperature sensor 6

[0042] With reference to the, the first temperature sensor 6 may be a band gap temperature sensor. Such a sensor comprises a semiconductor material and is configured to determine an ambient temperature from the characterization of a band gap of the semiconductor material. The first band gap temperature sensor 6 may be a sensor of the SHT21 type marketed by the company Sensirion (registered trademark).

[0043] The first temperature sensor 6 may comprise a support, separating the first point 7 from the first face F4 by the first distance d1. The support may be fixedly mounted on the first face F4.

[0044] Hygrometric sensor 8

[0045] With reference to the, the hygrometric sensor 8 may be a capacitive type sensor configured to acquire a relative humidityRH of the ambient environment. The hygrometric sensor 8 may be a SHT21 type sensor marketed by the company Sensirion (registered trademark).

[0046] The hygrometric sensor 8 and the first temperature sensor 6 may be integrated. The first point 7 may coincide with the second point 9. By "coincide" is meant that the distance between the first point 7 and the second point 9 is less than 5 mm, preferably less than 2 mm, preferably less than 1 mm. Thus, the dew point temperature T dp can be measured at a single point in the vicinity of the first face F4.

[0047] Detection surface 11

[0048] The first face F4 comprises a detection surface 13. The detection surface 13 comprises the third points. The detection surface 13 runs along at least one element chosen from a lateral edge of the glazing 2, a driver-side lateral edge of the glazing 2, a lower lateral edge of the glazing 2, a corner of the glazing 2 and a driver-side lower corner of the glazing 2.

[0049] Indeed, the inventors have discovered that the parts of the first face F4 described above are capable of supporting the nucleation of mist drops 5 before the nucleation of mist drops 5 on the other parts of the first face F4. Thus, it is possible to detect the nucleation of the mist drops 5 before they are visually detectable by the driver of the vehicle on the rest of the first surface F4.

[0050] Second temperature sensor 10

[0051] The second temperature sensor 10 may be a photodetector configured to detect a light beam having a wavelength included in the infrared wavelength range. Thus, it is possible to measure a second temperature T2 of the first face F4 remotely, using a single sensor and simplifying the measurement of the second temperatures.

[0052] The glazed element 1 may comprise a housing 14 configured to support a rearview mirror of the vehicle. The housing 14 may be mounted on the first face F4. The photodetector may be arranged in the housing 14. Thus, it is possible to detect a light beam passing through all of the points of the detection surface 13 without visually disturbing the driver when using the vehicle.

[0053] The second temperature sensor 10 may be an imager. The imager is configured to image the detection surface 13. Thus, it is possible to simultaneously acquire the second temperatures T2 of a plurality of third points 11. The imager may be a camera of the RS-PRO T-10 model of the registered trademark “RS components”. The imager may be configured to acquire more than ten second temperatures T2 and preferably more than one hundred second temperatures T2. Thus, it is possible to increase the accuracy of the detection of the nucleation of a drop of mist on the first face F4 with respect to a detection implemented with a lower number of second temperatures T2.

[0054] The photodetector may comprise an infrared thermopile. The infrared thermopile may be mounted on a support configured to orient the infrared thermopile towards each of the third points 11 of the plurality of third points 11. Thus, it is possible to remotely measure the plurality of second temperatures T2 while simplifying the manufacture of the glazed element 1, for example with regard to a glazed element 1 comprising an imager.

[0055] The assembly may comprise a plurality of second temperature sensors 10, each second temperature sensor 10 being arranged in direct contact with the first face F4. Thus, it is possible to measure a plurality of second temperatures T2 of the first face F4.

[0056] At least one of the second temperature sensors 10 may comprise a layer 15 formed in an electrically conductive or electrically semiconductive material, the layer 15 being in contact with the first face F4. Thus, it is possible to measure at least one of the second temperatures T2 by measuring the electrical resistance of the layer 15, which makes it possible to simplify the manufacture of the second temperature sensor 10. The layer(s) 15 may be arranged on a lateral edge of the glazing 2, preferably on a lateral edge on the driver side of the glazing 2, and / or on a lower lateral edge of the glazing 2, and / or on a corner of the glazing 2, preferably on a lower corner on the driver side of the glazing 2.Thus, it is possible to measure a second temperature T2 at a location on the first face F4 where the nucleation of the mist drops 5 takes place preferentially during operation of the vehicle, which makes it possible to determine the presence of mist more quickly and / or to predict the nucleation of a mist drop more precisely.

[0057] The second temperature sensor 10 may comprise an electrical circuit configured to measure an electrical resistance of the layer 15. Thus, it is possible to measure the temperature of the first face F4 at the third point 11 where the layer 15 is arranged. Indeed, the measured electrical resistance is dependent on the temperature of the layer 15, which is substantially equal to the temperature of the first face F4. The layer 15 may have two ends according to a projection on the main surface 3. The electrical resistance can be measured between the two ends. The glazed element 1 may comprise a voltage generator having terminals electrically connected to the layer 15.The voltage generator may be configured to generate a voltage less than 10V, in particular less than 6V, and preferably between 1V and 5V, so as to measure the electrical resistance of the layer 15 while limiting the temperature variation of the layer 15 caused by the electrical resistance measurement. Preferably, the electrical circuit is configured to measure the electrical resistance of the layer 15 for less than one second, in particular for less than 200 µs, and preferably for less than 20 µs. The electrical circuit may be configured, in an equivalent manner, to measure an electrical resistivity of the layer 15, a conductance of the layer 15 and / or a conductivity of the layer 15.

[0058] The layer 15 may be formed by a strip formed by the electrically conductive or electrically semiconductive material, the strip being deposited on the first face F4. The strip may be deposited by cathode sputtering on the first face F4. The layer 15 may be transparent. The material may be chosen from indium-tin oxide and zinc oxide. Thus, the layer 15 may be transparent in the visible wavelengths and not hinder the visibility of the driver through the glazing 2. The layer 15 may be doped with metal ions so as to increase the sensitivity of the electrical resistance of the layer 15 to temperature.

[0059] The glazed element 1 may be configured to control an increase in the temperature of the glazing 2. The glazed element 1 may comprise a voltage generator having two terminals electrically connected to the layer 15. The voltage generator is configured to generate a voltage greater than 10 V, in particular greater than 20 V and preferably greater than 40 V. Thus, it is possible to increase by Joule effect the temperature of the layer 15 and the temperature of the glazing 2 in the vicinity of the layer 15. This makes it possible to prevent the nucleation of drops of mist 5 and / or to demist the glazing 2.

[0060] The control unit 12 can be configured to acquire a second temperature T2 by the second temperature sensor 10. The control unit 12 can be configured to control an increase in the temperature of the glazing 2 after having determined the presence of a drop of mist 5 and / or after having predicted a nucleation of a drop of mist 5 on the first face F4.

Claims

Glazed element (1) for a vehicle, comprising a glazing (2) extending over a principal surface (3), the glazing (2) comprising a first sheet of glass (4), the first sheet of glass (4) having a first face (F4), the first face (F4) being suitable for contact with an ambient environment inside the vehicle and for supporting the nucleation of a condensation droplet (5), the glazed element (1) being characterized in that it comprises: - a first temperature sensor (6) configured to acquire a first temperature T1 of the ambient environment at a first point (7) outside the glazing (2), a first distance d1 between the first point (7) and a point on the first face (F4) closest to the first point (7) being between 20 µm and 5 cm, - a hygrometric sensor (8) configured to acquire a relative humidity RH of the ambient environment at a second point (9) outside the glazing (2),a second distance d2 between the second point (9) and a point on the first face (F4) closest to the second point (9) being between 20 µm and 5 cm, - an assembly comprising at least one second temperature sensor (10), the assembly being configured to acquire a plurality of second temperatures T2 at third points (11) on the first face (F4) different from each other. A glazed element (1) according to claim 1, comprising a control unit (12) configured to: - acquire the first ambient temperature T1 by the first temperature sensor (6), - acquire the ambient humidity RH by the hygrometer sensor (8), - acquire the plurality of second temperatures T2 by the assembly, - determine a dew point temperature T dp from the first temperature T1 and the humidity level RH, - compare the dew point temperature to a plurality of second temperatures T2. A glazed element (1) according to claim 2, wherein the control unit (12) is configured to determine the presence of a dew droplet on the first face (F4) from a comparison of the dew point temperature T dp to the plurality of second temperatures T2. Glazed element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first face (F4) comprises a detection surface (13), the detection surface (13) comprising the third points and running along at least one element selected from a lateral edge of the glazing (2), a driver side lateral edge of the glazing (2), a lower lateral edge of the glazing (2), a corner of the glazing (2) and a driver side lower corner of the glazing (2). Glass element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second temperature sensor (10) is a photodetector configured to detect a light beam having a wavelength in the infrared wavelength range. Glass element (1) according to claim 5, wherein the second temperature sensor (10) is an imager, the first face (F4) comprising a sensing surface (13), the imager being configured to image the sensing surface (13). glazed element (1) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the photodetector comprises an infrared thermopile, the first face (F4) comprising a detection surface (13), the infrared thermopile being mounted on a support configured to orient the infrared thermopile in the direction of each of the third points (11) of the plurality of third points (11). Glazed element (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, comprising a housing (14) configured to support a rearview mirror of the vehicle, the photodetector being arranged in the housing (14). glazed element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the assembly comprises a plurality of second temperature sensors (10), each second temperature sensor (10) being arranged in direct contact with the first face (F4). Glass element (1) according to claim 9, in which at least one of the second temperature sensors (10) comprises a layer (15) formed in an electrically conductive and / or electrically semiconductive material, the layer (15) being in contact with the first face (F4). Glazed element (1) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the second temperature sensor (10) includes an electrical circuit configured to measure an electrical resistance of the layer (15). Glass element (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 11, in which the layer (15) is formed by a strip of the material deposited on the first face (F4) preferably by cathodic sputtering. glazed element (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the layer (15) is transparent. Glass element (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the electrically conductive and / or electrically semiconductive material is at least selected from indium tin oxide and zinc oxide. glazed element (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 14 comprising a voltage generator having two terminals connected to the layer (15), the generator being configured to generate a voltage greater than 10 V, in particular greater than 20 V and preferably greater than 40 V.

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