Tunnel lining element

Abstract

The invention relates to a tunnel lining element (10) comprising at least two tunnel lining segments (11), with a body (20), the tunnel lining segment (11) comprising two opposing short sides (17) at which the at least two tunnel lining segments (11) are interconnected such that the tunnel lining element (10) is a closed element. According to the invention: at least a first connecting element (13) is located on the first short side of the tunnel lining segment (11), and at least a second connecting element (14) is located on the first short side of the tunnel lining segment (11); the connecting elements (13, 14) of two tunnel lining segments (11) form a connection (15) in a connecting region (12); the connecting elements (13, 14) each have at least one main body (30, 40); at least one flange portion (33, 43) is provided on each main body (30, 40); and a frictional connection (15) between the connecting elements (13, 14) is provided via the at least one flange portion (33) of the first connecting element (13) via the at least one flange portion (43) of the second connecting element (13).

Description

[0001] Tunnel lining element

[0002] The invention relates to a tunnel lining element comprising at least two tunnel lining segments, with a body, wherein the tunnel lining segment has two opposing short sides at which the at least two tunnel lining segments are connected to one another, so that the tunnel lining element is a closed element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a system and a method for creating a horizontal borehole in the ground.

[0003] For drilling holes in the ground, for example to create tunnels or pipelines, from a starting point to a target point using a drilling device, various methods are available depending on the diameter of the hole to be created.

[0004] In the so-called microtunneling process, prefabricated support rings, such as concrete pipes, are pressed into the ground from a starting pit via a press frame, which moves the drilling device, such as a tunnel boring machine, from the starting point to the target point. The first prefabricated support ring is moved from the starting pit to the target pit along the entire length of the bore. By arranging the support rings one after the other and pressing them into the ground, the tunnel is excavated and simultaneously supported.

[0005] Another method is to drive such a bore using so-called segment lining to support the bore. This involves transporting lining segments to the borehole site through the already created tunnel and then placing them on-site against the borehole wall as the final lining. The tunnel boring machine pushes itself off the created tunnel rings using hydraulic cylinders to further advance the drilling.

[0006] When planning bores with large diameters, for example, >4 m, the problem arises that the prefabricated support rings can no longer be easily transported to the construction site as a single element due to their size (dimensions or weight). Furthermore, if the bore is shorter than 1 km, the costs of providing a tunnel boring machine capable of applying segment lining are very high.

[0007] The object of the invention is therefore to create a possibility to use the more cost-effective microtunneling method even for diameters >4 m.

[0008] For this purpose, the invention provides for the tunnel lining elements to be divided into at least two tunnel lining segments, each of which is to be connected via a corresponding number of connecting elements corresponding to the number of tunnel lining segments. This connection, and thus the production of the tunnel lining elements, takes place either on-site at the construction site near the starting point or directly at the starting point. For this purpose, the invention provides a tunnel lining element according to claim 1 or 17, a system according to claim 26, and a method according to claim 28, which are further specifically implemented according to the subclaims.

[0009] With regard to the tunnel lining element, the invention provides that at least one first connecting element is arranged on the first short side of the tunnel lining segment and at least one second connecting element is arranged on the first short side of the tunnel lining segment, that the connecting elements of two tunnel lining segments form a connection in a connecting section, that the connecting elements each have at least one base body, that at least one flange section is provided on the base body, and that a force-fitting connection is provided between the connecting elements via the at least one flange section of the first connecting element and via the at least one flange section of the second connecting element. The connection is preferably also designed to be watertight.It is advantageous that the provision of tunnel lining elements according to the invention makes it possible to use the more cost-effective microtunneling method for larger diameters and possibly shorter drilling lengths.

[0010] A further teaching according to the invention provides that at least one flange section of the first connecting element has at least one bore, and that at least one flange section of the second connecting element has at least one bore, and that the bores are arranged such that the bores are aligned when the tunnel lining segments are arranged to establish the connection. This allows a sufficient connection to be provided in a simple and cost-effective manner.

[0011] It is advantageous that a clamping element, preferably a screw with a screw head and a nut, is arranged in the aligned holes, providing the force-locking connection. This allows a sufficient connection to be provided in a simple and cost-effective manner.

[0012] A further teaching according to the invention provides for a surrounding element comprising two oppositely arranged flange elements. It is advantageous for the surrounding element to be a C-shaped element, preferably a clamp, with a rear wall and an upper projection and a lower projection, and for at least one bore to be provided in the upper projection, into which a clamping element can be inserted to establish the force-locking connection between the connecting elements. It has surprisingly been shown that such a connection enables sufficient force transfer in the connection.

[0013] A further teaching according to the invention provides for an angle element that is attached to a flange element and that encompasses opposing flange elements. It is advantageous for the angle element to have a side section and an engagement element arranged thereon. This allows a sufficient connection to be provided in a simple and cost-effective manner.

[0014] A further teaching according to the invention advantageously provides that a cavity is provided between the flange sections for the introduction of a bracing element.

[0015] A further teaching according to the invention advantageously provides that at least one bore is provided in the flange section of the first connecting element, into which bore a clamping element can be introduced in order to establish the force-locking connection between the connecting elements.

[0016] A further teaching according to the invention advantageously provides that a surface of the flange section is a wedge-shaped surface.

[0017] It is advantageous that projections are provided in the wedge-shaped surface in order to provide a positive connection with a bracing element.

[0018] A further teaching according to the invention advantageously provides that the bracing element has a wedge shape that corresponds to the wedge-shaped surface of the flange section.

[0019] A further teaching according to the invention provides for a gap between the flange elements in the state of the force-locking connection. This gap preferably exists at least in the areas far from the edges. This allows for a spatially clearly defined and thus secure force transmission in a simple manner, particularly preferably in the areas near the edges. Furthermore, a clearly defined prestress in the connections is possible.

[0020] A further teaching according to the invention advantageously provides that at least one spacer is provided between the base bodies.

[0021] It is advantageous that the at least one spacer is firmly connected to one of the base bodies on its outer side.

[0022] It is further advantageous that at least one spacer is provided on a long inner side and at least one spacer is provided on a long outer side.

[0023] With regard to the tunnel lining element, the invention provides that at least one first connecting element is arranged on the first short side of the tunnel lining segment and at least one second connecting element is arranged on the first short side of the tunnel lining segment, that the connecting elements of two tunnel lining segments form a connection in a connecting section, that the connecting elements each have at least one base body, and that the connection is a material-to-material connection. It is advantageous that the material-to-material connection is a welded or glued connection between the base bodies.

[0024] It is further advantageous that the base bodies are connected at least partially circumferentially with a weld seam to produce the material-locking connection and / or that the base bodies each have an outer side which are connected to one another in a planar manner, preferably by means of contact welding or with an adhesive.

[0025] Furthermore, a further teaching for both embodiments showed that it is advantageous for the base body to be firmly connected to the body.

[0026] Furthermore, a further teaching for both embodiments showed that the body consists of reinforced concrete, in particular polymer concrete, steel, composite materials, GRP, or plastic.

[0027] Furthermore, a further teaching for both embodiments showed that the tunnel lining element is ring-shaped and that the tunnel lining segment has the shape of a circular segment.

[0028] Furthermore, a further teaching for both embodiments showed that the connection is designed to be watertight. It is advantageous for the watertightness to be provided by a sealing element between the base bodies or between a base body and a spacer element, by introducing and / or applying a sealant, or by a material-to-material connection.

[0029] Furthermore, a further teaching for both embodiments showed that for the transmission of shear forces in the connection or on the at least one connecting element, at least one projection, preferably in the form of a shear cam, and on the opposite side in the connection or on the at least one further connecting element, at least one recess for producing a positive connection in the connection or between the connecting elements of the tunnel lining segments is provided.

[0030] With regard to the system according to the invention, the teaching provides a system for creating a, preferably substantially horizontal, bore in the ground from a starting point to a target point along a drilling line, with a drilling device for loosening the ground, with at least one pressing station at the starting point for advancing the drilling device, with a plurality of tunnel lining elements (10) which are arranged behind the drilling device and which are advanced in the ground with the press frame, with a device for feeding the tunnel lining elements to the press frame, wherein the tunnel lining elements are previously described tunnel lining elements.

[0031] It is advantageous that a device for assembling the tunnel lining elements is provided.

[0032] With regard to the method according to the invention, the teaching provides a method for creating a, preferably substantially horizontal, borehole in the ground from a starting point to a target point along a drilling line, in which a drilling device with at least one pressing station is advanced from the starting point by successively arranging tunnel lining elements behind the drilling device and advancing them from the press frame, wherein the tunnel lining elements are fed individually to the press frame, wherein the tunnel lining elements are previously described tunnel lining elements and the tunnel lining elements are produced from individual tunnel lining segments by producing a connection between connecting elements of the tunnel lining segments.

[0033] It is advantageous that the erection in the area of ​​the press frame is carried out using a device.

[0034] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-8 show a first embodiment of the invention, Figures 9-14 show a second embodiment of the invention, Figures 15-21 show a third embodiment of the invention, and Figures 22-29 show a fourth embodiment of the invention. Specifically, they show:

[0035] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention,

[0036] Figure 2 is a front view of Figure 1,

[0037] Figure 3 is a sectional view AA according to Figure 2,

[0038] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the GG according to Figure 2,

[0039] Figure 5 is an enlarged view C according to Figure 1, Figure 6 is a sectional view EE according to Figure 3,

[0040] Figure 7 is an enlarged view D according to Figure 3, and

[0041] Figure 8 is an enlarged spatial view as a section of a connection area of ​​the first embodiment according to the invention

[0042] Figure 9 shows a second embodiment of a tunnel lining element according to the invention,

[0043] Figure 10 is a spatial plan view of Figure 9,

[0044] Figure 11 is a sectional view AA to Figure 10,

[0045] Figure 12 is an enlarged view D of Figure 10,

[0046] Figure 13 is a sectional view BB of Figure 11, and

[0047] Figure 14 is a detail view of a connecting section of a

[0048] Tunnel lining element in second embodiment,

[0049] Figure 15 is a spatial view of a third embodiment of a tunnel lining element according to the invention,

[0050] Figure 16 is a frontal plan view of Figure 15,

[0051] Figure 17 is a sectional view AA to Figure 16,

[0052] Figure 18 is a sectional view DD of Figure 16,

[0053] Figure 19 is an enlarged view C of Figure 15,

[0054] Figure 20 is a sectional view BB of Figure 17, and

[0055] Figure 21 is a partially sectioned enlarged view of a connection of the third embodiment of the tunnel lining element according to the invention, Figure 22 is a spatial view of a fourth embodiment of a tunnel lining element according to the invention,

[0056] Figure 23 is a frontal plan view of Figure 22,

[0057] Figure 24 is a sectional view AA to Figure 23,

[0058] Figure 25 is a sectional view DD of Figure 23,

[0059] Figure 26 is an enlarged detail view C of Figure 22,

[0060] Figure 27 is a sectional view FF of Figure 24,

[0061] Figure 28 is an enlarged detail view G of Figure 27, and

[0062] Figure 29 is an enlarged detail view of a connecting section according to fourth

[0063] Embodiment of the tunnel lining element according to the invention.

[0064] Figures 1 to 29 show four embodiments of a tunnel lining element 10 according to the invention. The tunnel lining element 10 is preferably formed here from two tunnel lining segments 11, which are preferably connected to each other by two connecting sections 12. A larger number of tunnel lining segments 11 and connecting sections 12 is possible here depending on the diameter of the tunnel lining element 10.

[0065] The number of tunnel lining segments 11 for assembling the tunnel lining element 10 may depend on the dimensioning in terms of size and weight of the individual tunnel lining segments 11. This may be particularly relevant with regard to the transport of these elements and the restrictions that arise in this regard.

[0066] The embodiments 1-4 of the invention, shown here in Figures 1-29, differ with regard to the implementation of a connection 15 in the form of the connecting sections 12. Shown here are different non-positive or material-locking and preferably watertight connections 15.

[0067] According to the invention, the tunnel lining segments 11 are transported individually to the construction site and assembled there on-site to form a tunnel lining element 10 by establishing the connections 15. The tunnel lining segments 10 are then brought to the starting point. Alternatively, the tunnel lining elements 10 are assembled directly at the starting point.

[0068] At the starting point, a press frame is provided, which pushes a tunnel boring machine or shield machine, for example, into the ground along a drilling line. After the tunnel boring machine has been inserted into the ground, the first tunnel lining element 10 is connected to the tunnel boring machine and pushed through the press frame into the ground, with the tunnel boring machine excavating the in-situ soil along the drilling line. This process is repeated using additional tunnel lining elements 10 until the tunnel boring machine reaches the target point along the drilling line.

[0069] The individual tunnel lining segments 11 are moved either from outside the starting point, for example a pit or a section of a tunnel, into the effective area of ​​the press frame, for example with a crane or another lifting tool, in order to then be inserted into the ground.

[0070] Alternatively, a device is provided at the starting point or even as a component of the press frame, to which the individual tunnel lining segments 11 are fed, with which the tunnel lining segments 11 are then assembled to form the tunnel lining element 10, so that the connection 15 can then be produced in accordance with the embodiments of the invention set out below.

[0071] A further advantage of providing the individual tunnel lining segments 11 and assembling them on site at the starting point is that supply and discharge lines do not necessarily have to be released for each individual tunnel lining element 10, but that the tunnel lining element 10 is constructed by arranging and connecting the tunnel lining segments 11 around these lines.

[0072] Advantageously, the connection 15 is designed such that it can transmit the feed forces acting on the tunnel lining element 10 in the drilling direction without the connection 15 being impaired, and also so that the pressures and loads acting radially inward from the outside through the ground, such as internal forces / bending moments, transverse forces, and ring normal forces, do not impair the connection 15. It is preferably provided that the connection 15 is materially bonded (as, for example, in embodiment 2 of the invention according to Figures 9-15) or force-locked (as shown in Figures 1-9 and 16-29 of embodiments 1, 3, and 4). Preferably, the connection 15 is also watertight. Furthermore, a form-locking connection is also possible, either alone or in combination with one of the previously mentioned connection options.

[0073] The tunnel lining segments 11 preferably have the curved shape of a circular ring segment of the tunnel lining element 10, which is preferably designed in a ring shape, particularly preferably in a circular ring shape.

[0074] The tunnel lining segments 11 each have a curved end face 16, which represents the connecting surface between the individual tunnel lining elements 10 when the tunnel lining elements 10 are inserted into the ground as described above. Furthermore, the tunnel lining segments 11 have short sides 17, on each of which a first connecting element 13 and a second connecting element 14 are arranged.

[0075] Depending on the requirements and type of connection, the first connecting element 13 and the second connecting element 14 can be identical or different.

[0076] Furthermore, the tunnel lining segment 11 has an outer side 18 and an inner side 19.

[0077] The outer side 18 and / or the inner side 19 can be provided with a coating, for example a plastic lining.

[0078] The end faces 16, short sides 17, outer side 18 and inner side 19 form a body 20. This body 20 is preferably made of concrete, reinforced concrete, steel or plastic, but also of other materials / composites such as GRP or polymer concrete.

[0079] The short sides 17 are each connected to a first and a second connecting element 13, 14.

[0080] The general shape of the individual connecting segments 11 with regard to the preferred embodiments 1-4 of the invention is identical, but may need to be adapted to the specific case. One embodiment of the invention for producing the expansion elements 10 of the invention, for example, from reinforced concrete, provides for a mold in which the first and second connecting elements 13, 14 are arranged such that they either already have a detachable connection 15 with one another or are arranged relative to one another such that they could be connected. The actual final connection then only takes place at or near the starting point, as previously described.

[0081] Additionally, reinforcement is inserted into the formwork if necessary. Concrete is then poured into the formwork on-site or in a pipe mill / precast concrete plant, depending on the manufacturing design and the required parameters, until it is filled. Preferably, the connecting elements 13, 14 have connecting sections (not shown), which then establish a correspondingly secure connection with the concrete of the body 20.

[0082] Preferably, the formwork is erected on one of the two surfaces that is parallel to the end faces 16. Furthermore, the connecting elements 13, 14 and / or the top of the formwork preferably have openings through which air can escape within the formwork.

[0083] After the concrete has hardened, the formwork is opened accordingly and the tunnel lining segments are separated in the connection (if necessary) and removed individually from the formwork.

[0084] Advantageously, it is noted which tunnel lining segments 11 were manufactured together in the formwork so that they can be reassembled on-site to form a tunnel lining segment 10. This ensures that the individual tunnel lining segments 11 can be optimally assembled on-site to form a tunnel lining element 10. Any deviations in the arrangement of a connecting section 12 consisting of a first and a second connecting element 13, 14 are therefore irrelevant, since these can be easily reassembled on-site during the manufacture of the tunnel lining segment.

[0085] Preferably, a sleeve section 21 is provided on one of the two end faces 16 of a tunnel lining segment 11, which forms a sleeve seal 22 in the assembled state of the tunnel lining element 10. This is preferably shown here in all four embodiments. Embodiment two according to Figures 9-15

[0086] In this embodiment, the first connecting element 13 and the second connecting element 14 are preferably identical. They each have a base body 30, 40. The base bodies 30, 40 rest on one another in the connecting section 12 with their outer sides 31, 41, forming a joint 23.

[0087] Depending on requirements, the joints are welded on the inner side 24, outer side 25, and / or end face 26. This creates a connection 15, which is designed with a material bond.

[0088] Alternatively, the upper sides 31, 41 can be glued together to produce a connection 15, also in a material-to-material manner.

[0089] A further alternative provides for contact welding of the base bodies 30, 40 on their surfaces 31, 41 in order to produce the connection 15, also in a material-to-material manner.

[0090] Preferably, the weld seams 27 are provided on the inner side 24 and 28 on the outer side 25 in order to provide sufficient tightness in the connecting section 12 as well as to transmit tensile and compressive forces as well as shear forces when pressing the assembled tunnel lining elements 10 into the ground.

[0091] Embodiment three according to Figures 15 - 21

[0092] On the base bodies 40, 41, cross-arranged webs 32, 42 are preferably provided, on which horizontal flange sections 32, 42, which are preferably arranged on both sides here, are arranged. Bores 34, 44 are arranged in the flange sections. The bores 34, 44 are arranged such that they are aligned in the assembled state, so that a connecting element / tensioning element, here a screw 50, can be inserted through the bores 34, 44. The connecting element / tensioning element also has a nut 51 that can be screwed onto a threaded section 52. Screwing the nut 51 onto the threaded section 52 against the underside 45 of the flange section 43 causes a screw head 53 to be tightened onto the top side 35 of the flange section 33, so that a preload is generated between the two flange sections 33, 43.The top side 46 of the flange section 43 and the bottom side 36 of the flange section 33, which face each other, are either in contact with each other, depending on the embodiment, or a gap 29 remains between them, particularly in the area remote from the edge. For this purpose, spacers 60, 61 are provided on the inner side 24 and the outer side 25, each of which rests on the outer side 41, 31. Depending on the height of the spacers 60, 61, the flange sections 33, 43 either touch each other or a gap 29 exists between them. If a gap 29 is present, it is particularly easy to introduce a defined prestress into the connection.

[0093] The webs 32, 42 are arranged radially from the inner side 24 to the outer side 25, preferably parallel to the end face 26. Furthermore, the bores 34, 44 preferably form a radial row from the inner side 24 to the outer side 25.

[0094] If the height of the spacers 60, 61 is longer than the height of the webs 32, 42 and the height of the flange sections 33, 43, the gap 29 is formed in the clamped state. It is advantageous here that the tensile and compressive forces are transmitted in a defined manner on the outer side 25 and the inner side 24 in the connecting section 12 and in the connection 15, respectively.

[0095] The spacers 61 are preferably provided in the region of the flanges 33, 43 on the inner side 24 in order to reach openings 62 so that the nuts 51 and screw heads 53 of the connecting element can be held or moved with tools in order to effect the bracing.

[0096] Shear forces acting in the connection 15 are dissipated in the case of the presence of a gap 29 between the spacers 60, 61 and the outer sides 31, 41 of the base bodies 30, 40 as well as the screws 50 as connecting element.

[0097] In addition, at least one projection, preferably in the form of a thrust cam, can be provided in the connection 15 or on the at least one connecting element 13 or 14 for transmitting thrust forces, and on the opposite side in the connection 15 or on the at least one further connecting element 14 or 13 at least one recess for producing a positive connection in the connection or between the connecting elements 13, 14 of the tunnel lining segments 11 can be provided.

[0098] If there is no gap 29, when the spacers 60, 61 are the same height as or smaller than the height of the webs 32, 42 and flange sections 43, 33, the connecting elements / bracing elements, here screws 50 and nuts 51, create a frictional connection between the underside 36 and the top side 46 of the flange sections 33, 43. This frictional connection then transmits the shear forces accordingly, as well as the tensile and compressive forces acting in the connection 15.

[0099] The spacers 61 on the outer side 25 are preferably provided as a continuous body along the outer side 25 and are preferably connected, preferably by a material bond, to one of the base bodies 30, 40. After the tunnel lining segments 11 have been assembled to form the tunnel lining element 10 and the connection 15 has been provided, a connection, preferably by a material bond, can then also be established with the other base body 30, 40. This can seal the connection to the outer side 18 and to water present in the ground. This also applies to other embodiments of the invention that use spacers.

[0100] Alternatively or additionally, a sealing element can also be provided in this area.

[0101] For corrosion protection and to create a continuous surface on the inner side 19 of the tunnel lining element 10, the area of ​​the connecting section can be filled with mortar or other materials, for example. This also applies to other embodiments of the invention.

[0102] Embodiment one according to Figures 1 - 9

[0103] The connecting section 12 of a tunnel lining element 10 according to the first embodiment of the invention comprises a first connecting element 13 with a base body 30 and a second connecting element 14 with a base body 40. Webs 32, 42 are arranged on the base bodies 30, 40, on which a flange section 33, 43 is provided, preferably horizontally on both sides of the webs 32, 42. The webs 32, 42 are preferably arranged vertically radially from an inner side 24 to an outer side 25 of the connecting section 12.

[0104] Between the base bodies 30, 40, spacers 60 are provided on the inner side 24 and a preferably continuous spacer 61 is provided on the outer side 25. Depending on whether the spacers 60, 61 are higher than the height of the webs 32, 42 and the height of the flange sections 33, 43, the underside 36 of the flange section 33 and the upper side 46 of the flange section 43 rest on one another in the assembled state, or there is a gap 29 between the flange sections 33, 43. To clamp the flange sections 33, 43, a surrounding element, here preferably a clamp 55, is provided, which is preferably C-shaped. The clamp has a rear wall 56 and two projections 57, 58 arranged parallel to one another, here preferably horizontal. On one of the projections 57, 58, here preferably the lower projection 58, a nose 59 is preferably provided which extends in the direction of the interior of the clamp 55.

[0105] Here, holes 54 are preferably provided in the upper projection 57. Preferably, several holes 54 arranged in a row are provided in the upper projection along the length of the clamp 55.

[0106] Bracing elements 63, here preferably a screw, particularly preferably a hexagon socket screw, are inserted into the bores 54.

[0107] Once the tunnel lining segments 11 have been arranged to form a tunnel lining element 10 and the connecting sections 12 have been prepared for fastening, the clamps 55 are placed on the upper side 35 of the corresponding upper flange section so that the clamp 55, with its two projections 57, 58 and the rear wall 56, engages around the flange sections 33, 43. Subsequently, the screws serving as connecting elements 63 are screwed into the bores 54 (these can also already be inserted into the bores 54 of the clamps 55) so that the screws come into contact with the upper side 35 of the upper flange section 33. By screwing in further, the clamp 55 is moved upward so that the nose 59 comes into contact with the underside 45 of the lower flange section 43.By further screwing in the screws as prestressing elements 63, the flange sections are clamped / prestressed against each other if there is no gap 29 between the underside 36 of the flange section 33 and the top side 46 of the flange section 43. If a gap 29 is present, the spacer elements 60, 61 are clamped against the base bodies 40, 30. In this way, it is easy to introduce a defined prestress into the connection.

[0108] In this way, shear forces or pressure and tension can be transmitted via the connecting section 12.

[0109] The spacers 60, 61 can in turn be connected to one of the base bodies, preferably by a material bond. Additionally, the spacer 61 can also be materially bonded to the other base body 30, 40 on the outer side 25 for sealing. Alternatively or additionally, a sealing element can also be provided. Furthermore, after assembly and establishment of the connection 15, the connecting section 12 on the inner side 19 can be filled with mortar or other materials to provide a uniform inner side 19.

[0110] Embodiment four according to Figures 22 - 29

[0111] In the fourth embodiment, the connecting section 12 also has a first connecting element 13 and a second connecting element 14. These each have a base body 30 and a base body 40. A web 32, 42 is provided radially from the inner side 24 to the outer side 25. A flange section 33, 43 is provided horizontally on the webs 32, 42, parallel to the outer side 31, 41 of the base bodies 30, 40. The flange sections 33, 43 preferably extend on both sides of the webs 32, 42.

[0112] Preferably, the flange portion 33 has a projection 47 which is arranged in the direction of the upper side 46 of the lower flange portion 43.

[0113] A wedge element 47 is attached to the upper side 46 of the lower flange section 43.

[0114] On the flange portion 33, preferably on the projection 37, there is an angle element 38 having a side 39 provided parallel to the web 32 and a horizontal engagement element 49 provided parallel to the outer side 41 of the base body 40. The angle element 38 is preferably detachably arranged on the flange portion 33 / projection 37. The angle element 38 is preferably screwed to the flange portion 33 / projection 37.

[0115] Between the underside 36 of the flange section 33 and the top side 46 of the flange section 43, a cavity / gap 48 is provided, which is bounded on one side by the web 42 and on the other side by the projection 37. A bracing element 64 can be inserted into this cavity 48.

[0116] The bracing element 64 has an elongated section 65 which is arranged on a head plate 66.

[0117] The underside of the elongated section 65 is designed to correspond to the wedge element 47. The wedge element 47 has locking projections 67, which are also provided analogously on the underside of the elongated section 65 as corresponding locking projections 68.

[0118] By inserting the bracing element 64 or its elongated section 65 into the space 48 until the locking projections 67, 68 engage, the upper side 69 of the engagement element 49 pushes the flange sections 33, 43 apart, so that the two engagement elements 13, 14 are locked together. This creates a tension between them, through which the forces introduced into the connecting section 12 can be dissipated.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Tunnel support element (10) comprising at least two tunnel support segments (11), with a body (20), wherein the tunnel support segment (11) has two opposite short sides (17) at which the at least two tunnel support segments (11) are connected to each other, so that the tunnel support element (10) is a closed element, characterized in that at least one first connecting element (13) is located on the first short side of the tunnel support segment (11) and on the first short side of the tunnel support segment (11) at least one second connecting element (14) is arranged so that the connecting elements (13, 14) of two tunnel lining segments (11) are in a connecting section (12) form a connection (15) such that the connecting elements (13, 14) each have at least one base body (30, 40), that at least one flange section (33, 43) is provided on the base body (30, 40), and that a force-fit connection (15) between the connecting elements (13, 14) is provided via the at least one flange section (33) of the first connecting element (13) and via the at least one flange section (43) of the second connecting element (13).

2. Tunnel support element according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one flange section (33) of the first connecting element (13) has at least one bore (34) and that at least one flange section (43) of the second connecting element (14) has at least one bore (44), and that the bores (34, 44) are arranged such that the bores (34, 44) are aligned when the tunnel support segments (11) are arranged to make the connection (15).

3. Tunnel construction element according to claim 2, characterized in that a clamping element, preferably a screw (50) with a screw head (53) and a nut (51), is arranged in the aligned bores (34, 44), by means of which the force-fit connection is provided.

4. Tunnel construction element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a surrounding element is provided which comprises two oppositely arranged flange elements (33, 43).

5. Tunnel support element according to claim 4, characterized in that the enclosing element is a C-shaped element, preferably a clamp (55), with a back wall (56) and an upper projection (57) and a lower projection (58), and that at least one bore (54) is provided in the upper projection (57) into which a clamping element (63) can be inserted to widen the force-fit connection (15) between the connecting elements (13, 14).

6. Tunnel construction element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an angle element (38) is provided which is attached to a flange element (33,43) and which comprises flange elements (43, 33) arranged opposite.

7. Tunnel construction element according to claim 6, characterized in that the angle element (38) has a side section (39) and an engagement element (49) arranged thereon.

8. Tunnel support element according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a cavity (48) for inserting a tensioning element (64) is provided between the flange sections (33, 43).

9. Tunnel construction element according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that at least one bore (54) is provided in the flange section (33) of the first connecting element (13) into which a clamping element can be inserted to widen the force-fit connection (15) between the connecting elements (13, 14).

10. Tunnel construction element according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that a surface (36, 45) of the flange section (33, 43) is a wedge-shaped surface.

11. Tunnel support element according to claim 10, characterized in that projections (67) are provided in the wedge-shaped surface to provide a positive locking connection with a clamping element (64).

12. Tunnel support element according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the clamping element (64) has a wedge shape corresponding to the wedge-shaped surface of the flange section (33, 43).

13. Tunnel construction element according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a gap (29) exists between the flange elements (33, 43) in the state of force-fit connection (15).

14. Tunnel construction element according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that at least one spacer (60, 61) is provided between the base bodies (30, 40).

15. Tunnel construction element according to claim 14, characterized in that the at least one spacer (60, 61) is firmly connected to one of the base bodies (30, 40) on its outer side (31, 41).

16. Tunnel construction element according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that at least one spacer (60) is provided on a long inner side (24) and at least one spacer (61) is provided on a long outer side (25).

17. Tunnel support element (10) comprising at least two tunnel support segments (11), with a body (20), wherein the tunnel support segment (11) has two opposite short sides (17) at which the at least two tunnel support segments (11) are connected to each other, so that the tunnel support element (10) is a closed element, characterized in that at least one first connecting element (13) is located on the first short side of the tunnel support segment (11) and on the first short side of the tunnel support segment (11) at least one second connecting element (14) is arranged so that the connecting elements (13, 14) of two tunnel lining segments (11) are in a connecting section (12) form a connection (15) such that the connecting elements (13, 14) each have at least one base body (30, 40) and that the connection is a material-bonded connection.

18. Tunnel construction element according to claim 17, characterized in that the material-bonded connection is a welded or glued connection between the base bodies (30, 40).

19. Tunnel support element according to claim 18, characterized in that the base bodies (30, 40) to produce the material-bonded connection are at least partially connected circumferentially by a weld seam and / or that the base bodies (30, 40) each have an outer surface (31, 41) which are joined together over a surface, preferably by means of contact welding or with an adhesive.

20. Tunnel construction element according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the base body (30, 40) is firmly connected to the body (20).

21. Tunnel construction element according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the body (20) consists of reinforced concrete, in particular polymer concrete, steel, composite materials, GRP, or plastic.

22. Tunnel support element according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the tunnel support element (10) is ring-shaped and that the tunnel support segment (11) has the shape of a circular segment.

23. Tunnel construction element according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the connection (15) is designed to be watertight.

24. Tunnel construction element according to claim 23, characterized in that the watertightness is provided by a sealing element, the introduction and / or application of a sealant or a material-bonded connection between the base bodies (30, 40) or a base body (30, 40) and a spacer element (60, 61).

25. Tunnel support element according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that at least one projection, preferably in the form of a shear cam, is provided in the connection (15) or on the at least one connecting element (13, 14) for the transmission of shear forces, and at least one recess is provided on the opposite side in the connection (15) or on the at least one further connecting element (13, 14) for creating a positive fit in the connection (15) or between the connecting elements (13, 14) of the tunnel support segments (11).

26. System for creating a borehole, preferably substantially horizontal, in the ground from a starting point to a target point along a borehole line, comprising a drilling device for loosening the ground, with at least one jacking station at the starting point for advancing the drilling device, with a plurality of tunnel lining elements (10) arranged behind the drilling device and advanced in the ground with the jacking frame, with a device for feeding the tunnel lining elements (10) to the jacking frame, characterized in that the tunnel lining elements (10) are tunnel lining elements (10) according to one of claims 1 to 25.

27. System according to claim 26 characterized in that a device for mounting the tunnel construction elements (10) is provided.

28. Method for creating a borehole, preferably substantially horizontal, in the ground from a starting point to a target point along a borehole line, wherein a drilling device with at least one jacking station is advanced from the starting point, by successively arranging tunnel support elements (10) behind the drilling device and advancing them from the jacking frame, wherein the tunnel support elements (10) are individually fed to the jacking frame, characterized in that the tunnel support elements (10) are tunnel support elements (10) according to one of claims 1 to 25 and the tunnel support elements (10) are produced from individual tunnel support segments (11) by creating a connection between connecting elements (13, 14) of the tunnel support segments (11).

29. Method according to claim 28, characterized in that the erection in the area of ​​the press frame is carried out with a device.

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