Arrangement and method for detecting a current of a first conductor of a circuit which is in particular at least partly mounted on a printed circuit board

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement and a method for detecting a current directly or indirectly via a change in current of a first conductor of a circuit which is in particular at least partly mounted on a printed circuit board, wherein a transducer, which is produced according to the invention and is placed around the first conductor, in conjunction with a connected transimpedance amplifier, in conjunction with the change in magnetic flux which is created during a change in current flow in the first conductor, generates a short-circuit current which is proportional to a change in current in the first conductor.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Arrangement and method for detecting a current of a first current conductor of a circuit, in particular at least partially mounted on a printed circuit board

[0003] The invention relates to an arrangement for detecting a current of a first current conductor of a circuit, in particular one that is at least partially mounted on a printed circuit board, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for detecting a current of a first current conductor of a circuit, in particular one that is at least partially mounted on a printed circuit board, according to the preamble of claim 9.

[0004] Methods and arrangements for current measurement are known. These approaches generally differ in that they involve different measurement methods based on physical effects. Examples include the so-called shunt measurement, a magnetic field measurement, for example, the so-called "Giant Magnetoresistance" (GMR) effect, a measurement based on a Rogowski coil, or a measurement based on the current transformer approach.

[0005] However, the measurement methods and arrangements mentioned have the disadvantage that they are usually frequency-limited by various factors, for example the core materials to be used, winding capacities and / or compensation devices.

[0006] The object underlying the invention is therefore to provide a solution that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular the object of the invention is to provide a method and an arrangement that enables simple implementation, in particular when integrating the measuring method in a printed circuit board.

[0007] The object is achieved by the arrangement method for detecting a current of a first current conductor of a circuit, in particular one that is at least partially mounted on a printed circuit board, according to the preamble of claim 1, by its characterizing features, and by the method for detecting a current of a first current conductor of a circuit, in particular one that is at least partially mounted on a printed circuit board, according to the preamble of claim 9, by its characterizing features.

[0008] Further advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

[0009] In the method according to the invention for detecting a current of a first current conductor of a circuit, in particular one that is at least partially mounted on a printed circuit board, a first current-conducting body forming a closed circuit in a plane and a second current-conducting body forming a closed circuit in the plane are placed around the first current conductor in such a way that the formed circuits of the bodies are arranged and operated concentrically, in particular circularly, in the plane around the first current conductor to be detected, which is placed in their geometric center and runs perpendicularly through the plane and carries the current, wherein the bodies are shaped and / or functionally connected and operated to one another in such a way that they are conductively connected by at least one second current conductor forming a U-profile in cross-section perpendicular to the plane,wherein the two legs of the U-profile lie in cross-section on the respective cross-sectional plane and the first leg of the U-profile is connected to the first body via a first connection point and the second leg of the U-profile is connected to the second body via a second connection point, in particular the first connection point and the second connection point of the respective U-profile lie on a straight line with the center point; furthermore, the first body is connected to a first input of a transimpedance amplifier, in particular designed by an operational amplifier, and the second body is connected to a second input of the transimpedance amplifier in such a way that a short circuit can be effected by the transimpedance amplifier, wherein in the event of a short circuit caused by the first body,the second body and the shaped and / or functionally connected at least one second current conductor flowing short-circuit current from the transimpedance amplifier as an input variable of the transimpedance amplifier generates a voltage at an output of the transimpedance amplifier (transimpedance converter).

[0010] Because the first and second bodies, as well as the functionally connected and / or formed at least one second conductor, are functionally connected and operated in the manner according to the invention, a current is induced in the resulting alternating current circuit when current flows through the first conductor, and because the transimpedance amplifier is functionally connected and operated in such a way that it creates a short circuit with the first and second bodies, as well as with the at least one second conductor. The induction arises because the alternating current of the first conductor generates a magnetic field H, which in turn perpendicularly flows through the mesh of the second conductor.The current value changes according to a change in the value of the current flowing through the first current conductor and, due to the procedure according to the inventive method, is applied to the transimpedance amplifier in such a way that a voltage proportional to the change in the short-circuit current is present at its output. By evaluating this voltage, a current change can thus be detected in an inventive and advantageous manner.

[0011] The method according to the invention makes it possible, in particular, to implement current detection methods on printed circuit boards, preferably methods which are sensor-based and which differ from the type of measurement based on the Rogowski coil approach known from the prior art. This is because the method according to the invention generates a strong signal, so that signals proportional to the current change that are very well evaluated can be generated with just a few second current conductors, in particular through the inventive operation of the transimpedance amplifier. In contrast to attempts to implement the Rogowski coil approach known from the prior art, the methods according to the invention therefore do not require 100 or even a multiple of 100 loops to detect a current, but rather only the few loops resulting from the U-shape caused by the second current conductors.The method according to the invention thus massively reduces the very large number of holes in the circuit board that would otherwise be necessary according to the state of the art, and also reduces the effort and provides significantly more degrees of freedom in the design of the circuit board.

[0012] Furthermore, the method according to the invention enables galvanically isolated current detection. All of this is possible, especially when the transimpedance amplifier is implemented using an operational amplifier, thus providing a very good implementation variant among the possible implementation variants.

[0013] The elements functionally connected and operated according to the invention also enable flexible adaptation to the dimension of the current to be expected in the first current conductor, i.e. the current to be detected according to the invention.

[0014] Although an alignment of the connection points with the conductor as the center point is a possible design option, for example if symmetries are desired, it is not necessary for the current detection according to the invention, since the signal generated by the invention for the current detection is given by the spanned surface of the measuring sensor, through which the H-field of the current change to be detected passes.

[0015] These advantages also apply to the further development of the method according to the invention, in which the first body and the second body are functionally connected and operated in such a way that each point of the first closed circuit is connected to the parallel point of the second circuit via a conductive connection forming a U-profile in cross-section in such a way that a cross-section surrounding the center always has a U-profile, so that the at least one second current conductor is formed with the first body and the second body as a hollow body forming a circumferential U-profile.

[0016] With this solution, the at least one second current conductor is formed from the first and second bodies to form a three-dimensional structure. This body could also be viewed as the result of a series of an infinite number of fused second current conductors arranged radially around the first current conductor, which completely enclose the first current conductor and in which the magnetic field generated by the alternating current of the first current conductor is penetrated to a greater extent. It can also be viewed as a single, fully formed second current conductor which, compared to a second current conductor formed by a single winding, is penetrated by the magnetic field differently and, for this reason alone, has different properties that can meet corresponding implementation requirements.Other advantages of this arrangement may include greater robustness, complete absence of holes in printed circuit boards and / or alternative design options.

[0017] According to a further development of the method according to the invention, the first body, the second body and / or the at least one second current conductor are operated at least partially as conductor tracks of a printed circuit board. This makes it possible to reduce the effort required to provide the method according to the invention, since at least some of the connections and functional units required according to the invention are already produced when the conductor track structure of the printed circuit board is manufactured and at most only a few elements have to be populated. The method according to the invention is preferably developed such that the first current conductor, the at least one second current conductor and / or the functional connections are operated as so-called "vertical interconnect access" via connections through the printed circuit board.As a result, the horizontal elements required for the current detection method according to the invention can be produced during the manufacture of the printed circuit board structure, so that assembly costs are reduced even further.

[0018] According to a further development of the method according to the invention, the first body, the second body, and / or the at least one second current conductor are shaped and / or functionally connected in such a way that they are operated in inner layers of the printed circuit board. This procedure advantageously utilizes one of the potentials of the method according to the invention, which lies in improved minimization options, and allows the method according to the invention to be operated in a quasi-hidden manner, or to be operated in such a way that, for example, there is still space for shielding on the so-called outer layers or additional degrees of freedom are offered for conductor track structures on the outer layers, for example the current branch whose current is to be detected.

[0019] In a further development of the method according to the invention, according to which the voltage at the output of the transimpedance amplifier is fed as input signals to a first module performing integration, the value of the detected current can be advantageously determined, not just its change. This allows the invention to be operated depending on the desired quantity to be measured and to make it detectable.

[0020] Depending on the circuit requirements or, in principle, the desired design, this further development of the method according to the invention can be advantageously configured such that the first module is functionally connected and operated with the transimpedance amplifier in such a way that the module acts as an integrator circuit. An integrator circuit is a simple analog configuration for converting the detected current change into a current value, which is achieved by integration.

[0021] If it is desired to save components and / or to obtain the digitally processable signals as a result of the method according to the invention for current detection, the method according to the invention can be designed such that a second module is functionally connected to and operated by the transimpedance amplifier in such a way that the second module acts as an analog / digital converter, wherein the analog value of the voltage at the output of the transimpedance amplifier is converted to a digital representation of the value of the voltage in such a way and is functionally connected and operated by a computing unit, in particular designed as a "digital signaling processor", DSP, a so-called "central programming unit", CPU, or a so-called "application-specific integrated circuit" (ASIC), in such a way that the integration is carried out by the computing unit.

[0022] In the arrangement according to the invention for detecting a current of a first current conductor of a circuit, in particular one mounted at least partially on a printed circuit board, a first current-conducting body forming a closed circuit in a plane and a second current-conducting body forming a closed circuit in the plane are placed around the conductor in such a way that the formed circuits of the bodies are arranged concentrically, in particular circularly, in the plane around the first current conductor placed at their geometric center and running perpendicularly through the plane and carrying the current to be detected, wherein the bodies are shaped and / or functionally connected to one another in such a way that they are conductively connected by at least one second current conductor forming a U-profile in cross-section perpendicular to the plane,wherein the two legs of the U-profile lie in cross-section on the respective cross-sectional plane and the first leg of the U-profile is connected to the first body via a first connection point and the second leg of the U-profile is connected to the second body via a second connection point, and wherein the first connection point and the second connection point of the U-profile lie on a straight line with the center point; furthermore, the first body is designed and connected to a first input of a transimpedance amplifier, in particular designed by an operational amplifier, and the second body is designed and connected to a second input of the transimpedance amplifier in such a way that a short circuit can be effected by the transimpedance amplifier, wherein in the event of a short circuit caused by the first body,the second body and the shaped and / or functionally connected at least one second current conductor, a short-circuit current flowing from the transimpedance amplifier as an input variable of the transimpedance amplifier generates a voltage at an output of the transimpedance amplifier.

[0023] The advantages and preferred embodiments and further developments mentioned with regard to the method according to the invention can be transferred analogously to the arrangement according to the invention and also lie in the fact that they allow the method to be carried out through their implementation.

[0024] The same applies to the preferred embodiments and developments of the inventive arrangement specified below, which correspond mutatis mutandis to the embodiments and developments of the method. Here, too, the advantages can be applied mutatis mutandis, so that, unless further advantages are specified, they at least have these advantages and, in addition, each offers at least the additional advantage of enabling the implementation of the corresponding embodiments and developments of the method according to the invention.In one embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, the first body and the second body are functionally connected and designed in such a way that each point of the first closed circuit is connected to the parallel point of the second circuit via a conductive connection forming a U-profile in cross-section such that a cross-section surrounding the center point always has a U-profile, so that the one current conductor is designed with the first body and the second body as a hollow body forming a circumferential U-profile. As a result, the short-circuit current proportional to the current change in the conductor is induced in a one-piece molded part. Such a molded part has the advantage, among other things, that it reduces the effort required when equipping a circuit with the arrangement according to the invention for detecting a current.

[0025] In a further development of the arrangement according to the invention according to one of the preceding claims, the first body, the second body, and / or the at least one second current conductor are / are at least partially configured as conductor tracks of a printed circuit board. This represents or enables integration of the arrangement according to the invention on a printed circuit board intended for a circuit to be measured.

[0026] The arrangement according to the invention can preferably be further developed in such a way that the first current conductor, the at least one second current conductor and / or the functional connections are designed as so-called "vertical interconnect access" via connections through the printed circuit board. This also supports the integration on the printed circuit board and advantageously uses the thickness of the printed circuit board for the realization of the legs of the second current conductors, which can also be produced almost exclusively when applying the conductor track structure of the printed circuit board.

[0027] In a further embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, the first body, the second body and / or the at least one second current conductor is / are shaped and / or functionally connected in such a way that it / they is / are arranged in inner layers of the printed circuit board.

[0028] According to the further development of the arrangement according to the invention, in which the voltage at the output of the transimpedance amplifier is applied as an input signal to a module performing an integration, the signal generated by the method according to the invention, which represents the magnitude of a voltage proportional to the current change, is converted into another signal, which is also a voltage but proportional to the value of the current actually flowing through the conductor. Thus, the invention goes beyond the mere detection of the presence of current in the first current conductor based on changes, to the detection—indirectly due to the proportionality—of the value of the actual current, which is then also available for evaluation, state change, and / or control purposes, or other actions derived from the current.

[0029] Preferably, the arrangement according to the invention is further developed such that a first module is functionally connected to the transimpedance amplifier and configured such that the first module acts as an integrator circuit. This will generally represent a solution capable of outputting the voltage provided as an analog signal as well, so that this can be accommodated when designing a circuit that uses the arrangement according to the invention and requires an analog signal for further processing.

[0030] Alternatively, the arrangement according to the invention is further developed such that a second module is functionally connected to the transimpedance amplifier and configured such that the second module acts as an analog / digital converter, wherein the analog value of the voltage at the output of the transimpedance amplifier is converted to a digital representation of the value of the voltage and is functionally applied as an input signal to a computing unit, in particular configured as a "Digital Signaling Processor" (DSP), so-called "Central Programming Unit" (CPU), or so-called "Application-Specific Integrated Circuit" (ASIC) circuit, such that the integration is carried out by the computing unit. This can also be used when designing a circuit that uses the arrangement according to the invention and requires a digital signal for further processing.

[0031] In other words, the sensor-transimpedance amplifier combination can directly feed the analog current change signal to an analog input of a processing unit, such as an existing DSP or CPU, without an integrative component, and the integration of the signal into the current signal can be generated digitally. In addition to the advantage of reduced circuit complexity, this has the effect that the digital integration can prevent the integration result from drifting through cyclic or strategic zeroing of the integrator. A further advantage is the significantly higher dynamic range and high resolution provided by digitization, which is achieved through the integration according to the invention.

[0032] Further advantages and details of the invention are explained with reference to the embodiments of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 3.

[0033] FIGURE 1 schematically shows an embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention with three windings as measuring sensors,

[0034] FIGURE 2 schematically shows an alternative embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention with a cylindrical molded part with a U-cross section as a measuring sensor,

[0035] FIGURE 3 schematically shows a transimpedance amplifier as an exemplary embodiment of the transimpedance amplifier of the arrangement according to the invention. The exemplary embodiments explained below in FIGURE 1 to FIGURE 3 are preferred embodiments and developments of the invention.

[0036] In particular, the following exemplary embodiments show only exemplary implementation possibilities as to how such implementations of the teaching according to the invention could look like, since it is impossible and also not expedient or necessary for understanding the invention to name all of these implementation possibilities.

[0037] In particular, a (relevant) person skilled in the art, with knowledge of the arrangement claim(s) and / or method claim(s), will of course be aware of all the possibilities customary in the prior art for realising the invention, so that this does not require separate disclosure in the description.

[0038] In the exemplary embodiments, the described components of the embodiments each represent individual features of the invention which are to be considered independently of one another, which also further develop the invention independently of one another and are therefore to be regarded as part of the invention individually or in a combination other than that shown.

[0039] Furthermore, the described embodiments can also be supplemented by further features of the invention already described.

[0040] The same reference symbols have the same meaning in the different figures.

[0041] In the embodiment shown in FIGURE 1, a variant of the arrangement according to the invention is schematically shown and is explained in more detail below together with its function and thus an embodiment of the method according to the invention.

[0042] The embodiment shown in FIGURE 1, like the inventive solution itself, is fundamentally based on an inventive short-circuit current measurement, unlike the Rogowski measurement method. Due to the faster removal of charge carriers and the significantly lower number of sensor windings, this method features lower inductance and lower parasitic capacitances. As a result, the circuit has a significantly better cutoff frequency and lower capacitive coupling (dU / dt) to the measuring circuit. This makes it particularly suitable for resonant circuits, among other things.

[0043] These and other advantages will become even clearer in the following description of the embodiment.

[0044] In the embodiment shown in FIGURE 1, an embodiment of the invention can be seen in which the at least one second current conductor, according to the invention, is designed in principle as one or more turns L!...L n which are formed from a first current conductor LI, a second current conductor L2 and a third current conductor L3.

[0045] As can be seen, these current conductors form U-shaped windings which are arranged around and connected to two electrically conductive first bodies Kl and second bodies K2, which are also designed as two concentric circles around the current conductor ML to be measured.

[0046] The illustration also shows that the current conductors L1...L3 each electrically connect the first body K1 and the second body K2 and are thus connected in parallel and positioned concentrically around the first current conductor ML to be measured, in particular evenly distributed. FIGURE 1 also schematically indicates that the legs of the three windings L1...L3 run perpendicularly from the concentrically arranged first body K1 and second body K2, which - not shown in FIGURE 1 - are placed on a first outer layer of a circuit board, to the opposite second outer layer (likewise not shown), where short conductor track pieces connect the legs designed as vertical vias and thus form the U-shape.

[0047] The windings can therefore be realized as a combination of vias and conductor tracks in a printed circuit board, as illustrated in FIGURE 1 in a highly simplified manner.

[0048] In the embodiment shown, the current conductor ML to be measured can be guided through a hole in the circuit board or can also be designed as a conductor track with a via arrangement.

[0049] In the first current conductor ML to be measured, an alternating current IM to be measured flows at least temporarily. This alternating current in turn generates an alternating magnetic field H, which runs in a circle around the current conductor ML to be measured and is indicated in FIGURE 1 by some arrows symbolizing the magnetic field. This magnetic field H in turn flows through the second current conductor L1...L3, which in this exemplary embodiment are designed as windings. As a result, a short-circuit current IS flows when the windings are short-circuited according to the inventive method via a transimpedance amplifier TIA. The windings L1...L3 therefore represent measuring sensors. The short circuit is therefore realized according to the inventive method by a transimpedance amplifier TIA provided according to the exemplary embodiment of the inventive arrangement.

[0050] According to the invention, the current circuit induced by the alternating magnetic field can only be closed via the transimpedance amplifier. This transforms the short-circuit current into a measuring voltage. The measuring voltage is proportional to the current change dl / dt.

[0051] If the absolute current is required, according to a further development of the arrangement according to the invention, the measurement signal is integrated by an integrator, which subsequently leads to a current-proportional measurement signal.

[0052] As an alternative to discrete windings LI...3 connected in parallel, a construction such as that shown in FIGURE 2 as an embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is also conceivable.

[0053] In this embodiment, the sensor consists of a conductive, U-shaped part L, which encloses the current conductor ML to be measured with the current IM to be measured.

[0054] The sectional view in FIGURE 2 shows that the molded part L is a cylindrically shaped body with a cylindrical recess extending around the body's axis of symmetry, thus forming a tube whose edge has a U-shaped cross-section extending around the axis of symmetry. The ratio of the tube's diameter to its length is generally designed such that the diameter is larger than the length of the tube, thus making the tube more like a disc with a circular recess.

[0055] At one end of the pipe, two concentric circles are visible in the top view, which correspond to the first body Kl and the second body K2.

[0056] On the opposite end of the pipe, however, a circle is formed in plan view, running around the axis of symmetry, created by a base forming the legs of a U. The shaped part L could also be viewed as an infinite number of fused U-shaped turns.

[0057] In this example, a transimpedance amplifier TIA is also used to convert the short-circuit current IS into a voltage proportional to the current change. For this purpose, a first input of the transimpedance amplifier TIA is connected to one of the circuits at the pipe end that is analogous to the first body K1, and a second input of the transimpedance amplifier TIA is conductively connected to the other circuit that is analogous to the second body K2.

[0058] In this example, an integrator can also convert the output signal of the transimpedance amplifier TIA into a voltage proportional to the measured current change of the measuring current IM.

[0059] The solution shown with a measuring sensor shaped as a U-shaped part L can be advantageous, for example, if a measuring sensor is required for the implementation of the method according to the invention, with which a circuit is equipped.

[0060] FIGURE 3 schematically illustrates the basic structure of an embodiment of a transimpedance amplifier TIA according to the invention. The windings possible according to an embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention are, in this example, circuit symbols for coils, which can each be realized by a loop / winding according to the invention.

[0061] The coils L!...L shown in FIGURE 3 nthus represent a number of n loops which are connected in parallel as shown in FIGURE 1 and whose two connections are each connected to one of the two inputs of the transimpedance amplifier TIA - thus also connected in parallel - which, according to the embodiment, is designed as an operational amplifier, whose - and + inputs serve as inputs of the transimpedance amplifier TIA and which is further wired according to the invention such that a feedback resistor RF leads from the output of the operational amplifier to the - input of the operational amplifier.

[0062] A short-circuit current I s in the circuit to the windings L!...L n which, according to Kirchhof's law, is distributed among the individual windings according to the number n of windings. The sum of the individual currents Is / n in the current branch corresponds in magnitude to the impressed short-circuit current I s, which was generated by the alternating magnetic field H-field. The total short-circuit current is formed by the sum of any branch currents that may form and the impressed short-circuit current I Sj which goes to the input of the transimpedance amplifier, always applies according to the invention, thus also for the embodiments shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, where the branch currents are represented as arrows in the conductors. Since the - / + inputs of the operational amplifier therefore have the same potential, this can be referred to as a virtual short circuit VS. From the perspective of the windings, however, the windings L!...L n i.e. operated in a real short circuit.

[0063] The advantages of the invention compared to the solutions known from the prior art include, among other things, that the measuring method can be easily integrated into a printed circuit board, since only a few via conductor tracks are required to realize the sensor, the measuring transducer.

[0064] In test setups according to the invention, 3 conductor loops were sufficient to realize a measured value recording according to the invention, with the conductor loops Li...L n They are also very easy to implement thanks to the parallel connection.

[0065] Among other things, the arrangement and the method according to the invention have a significant advantage over prior art attempts to integrate a Rogowsky coil into a printed circuit board.

[0066] According to the prior art approaches using a Rogowski coil, each conductor loop delivers signals in the single-digit millivolt range. Therefore, the prior art requires an array of 100 to several hundred loops, resulting in large, perforated structures on the circuit board.

[0067] In contrast, the solution according to the invention provides a relatively strong current signal, especially compared to the prior art, which can be easily transformed into a voltage signal and evaluated by a transimpedance amplifier TIA.

[0068] The powerful signal also makes it possible to use small loop constructions in the inner layers of a circuit board, for example to shield the coupling capacitance or to create the current branch for the current IM to be measured in the outer layers.

[0069] The optional integrator can be provided conventionally via a largely analog circuit or, preferably after an A / D conversion, digitally via a processing unit (DSP / CPU). This is particularly advantageous if such a processing unit is already part of the circuit to be measured and thus merely fulfills an additional function. This saves space and eliminates additional component costs.

[0070] Another advantage of the inventive solution is that the branch to be measured is galvanically isolated from the measuring branch. This overcomes, for example, the disadvantages associated with current measurement using shunt measurement.

[0071] Compared to the current detection approaches known from the prior art, which, in contrast to the invention, are based on current transformers, magnetic field sensors and approaches with Rogowski coils known from the prior art, there is also the advantage that the measuring principle does not have frequency-limiting factors such as core materials, winding capacitances, series inductance and limitations due to compensation devices.

[0072] Measurements of the pickup configuration for the test show that the inventive solution has a resonance frequency in the mid-double-digit MHz range.

[0073] In contrast to commercially available components such as shunts, magnetic sensors and current transformers, the measuring device can also be connected to the current I to be measured. Mcan be flexibly adapted. Especially when integrating the invention on a circuit board, there are no or hardly any costs for the sensor, since the circuit board is already present. Especially when using VIA connections and conductor tracks for the windings, only the transimpedance amplifier and / or the integrator are costly.

Claims

Patent claims 1. A method for detecting a current of a first current conductor of a circuit, in particular one mounted at least partially on a printed circuit board, characterized in that a) a first current-conducting body forming a closed circuit in a plane and a second current-conducting body forming a closed circuit in the plane are placed around the conductor in such a way that the formed current circuits of the bodies are arranged and operated concentrically, in particular circularly, in the plane around the first current conductor placed at their geometric center and running perpendicularly through the plane and carrying the current to be detected, wherein the bodies are shaped and / or functionally connected and operated in such a way that they are conductively connected by at least one second current conductor forming a U-profile in cross-section perpendicular to the plane,wherein the two legs of the U-profile in cross-section lie on the respective cross-sectional plane and the first leg of the U-profile is connected to the first body via a first connection point and the second leg of the U-profile is connected to the second body via a second connection point, in particular the first connection point and the second connection point of the U-profile lie on a straight line with the center point b) the first body is connected to a first input of a transimpedance amplifier, in particular designed by an operational amplifier, and the second body is connected to a second input of the transimpedance amplifier in such a way that a short circuit can be effected by the transimpedance amplifier, wherein in the event of a short circuit caused by the first body,the second body and the shaped and / or functionally connected at least one second current conductor flowing short-circuit current from the transimpedance amplifier as an input variable of the transimpedance, amplifier generates a voltage at an output of the transimpedance amplifier.

2. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first body and the second body are functionally connected and operated in such a way that each point of the first closed circuit is connected to the parallel point of the second circuit via a conductive connection forming a U-profile in cross-section in such a way that a cross-section surrounding the center always has a U-profile, so that the at least one second current conductor is formed with the first body and the second body as a hollow body forming a circumferential U-profile.

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first body, the second body and / or the at least one second current conductor are operated at least partially as conductor tracks of a printed circuit board.

4. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first current conductor, the at least one second current conductor and / or the functional connections are operated as so-called "Vertical Interconnect Access" via connections through the printed circuit board.

5. Method according to one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the first body, the second body and / or the at least one second current conductor is shaped and / or functionally connected in such a way that it is operated in inner layers of the printed circuit board.

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the voltage at the output of the transimpedance amplifier is supplied as input signals to a first module performing an integration.

7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the module is functionally connected and operated with the transimpedance amplifier in such a way that the first module acts as an integrator circuit.

8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a second module is functionally connected and operated with the transimpedance amplifier in such a way that the second module acts as an analog / digital converter, wherein the analog value of the voltage at the output of the transimpedance amplifier is converted to a digital representation of the value of the voltage in such a way and is functionally connected and operated with a computing unit, in particular designed as a "Digital Signalling Processor", DSP, so-called "Central Programming Unit", CPU, or so-called "Application-Specific Integrated Circuit" circuit, ASIC, that the integration is carried out by the computing unit.

9. Arrangement for detecting a current of a first current conductor of a circuit, in particular one which is at least partially mounted on a printed circuit board, characterized in that a) a first current-conducting body forming a closed circuit in a plane and a second current-conducting body forming a closed circuit in the plane are placed around the conductor in such a way that the formed circuits of the bodies are arranged concentrically, in particular circularly, in the plane around the first current conductor placed in its geometric center and running perpendicularly through the plane and carrying the current to be detected, wherein the bodies are shaped and / or are functionally connected to one another in such a way that they are conductively connected by at least one second current conductor forming a U-profile perpendicular to the plane in cross-section, wherein the two legs of the U-profile lie in cross-section on the respective cross-sectional plane and the first leg of the U-profile is connected to the first body via a first connection point and the second leg of the U-profile is connected to the second body via a second connection point, in particular the first connection point and the second connection point of the U-profile lie on a straight line with the center point, b) the first body is designed and connected to a first input of a transimpedance amplifier, in particular designed by an operational amplifier, and the second body is designed and connected to a second input of the transimpedance amplifier in such a way that a short circuit can be effected by the transimpedance amplifier,wherein, in the event of a short circuit caused by the first body, the second body and the shaped and / or functionally connected at least one second current conductor, a short-circuit current flowing from the transimpedance amplifier as an input variable of the transimpedance amplifier generates a voltage at an output of the transimpedance amplifier.

10. Arrangement according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first body and the second body are functionally connected and designed in such a way that each point of the first closed circuit is connected to the parallel point of the second circuit via a conductive connection forming a U-profile in cross-section in such a way that a cross-section surrounding the center always has a U-profile, so that the at least one second current conductor is designed with the first body and the second body as a hollow body forming a circumferential U-profile.

11. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first body, the second body and / or the at least one second current conductor is at least partially designed as conductor tracks of a printed circuit board.

12. Arrangement according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first current conductor, the at least one second current conductor and / or the functional connections are designed as so-called "Vertical Interconnect Access" via connections through the printed circuit board.

13. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 12, characterized in that the first body, the second body and / or the at least one second current conductor is / are shaped and / or functionally connected in such a way that it / they is / are arranged in inner layers of the printed circuit board.

14. Arrangement according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the voltage at the output of the transimpedance amplifier is applied as an input signal to a first module performing an integration.

15. Arrangement according to claim 14, characterized in that the first module is functionally connected to the transimpedance amplifier and is designed such that the first module acts as an integrator circuit.

16. Arrangement according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that a second module is functionally connected to the transimpedance amplifier and is designed in such a way that the second module acts as an analog / digital converter, wherein the analog value of the voltage at the output of the transimpedance amplifier is converted to a digital representation of the value of the voltage is converted in such a way and is functionally applied as an input signal to a computing unit, in particular designed as a "Digital Signalling Processor", DSP, so-called "Central Programming Unit", CPU, or so-called "Application-Specific Integrated Circuit", ASIC circuit, that the integration is carried out by the computing unit.

Images