Roof structure having photovoltaic modules

Abstract

The invention relates to a roof structure (10) and to a method for producing same. The roof structure (10) comprises a plurality of parallel support channels (20) which are each formed from aligned support channel portions (22), ends of the support channel portions (22) being arranged to overlap one another. Planar elements (24, 124) are arranged between each two support channels (20) and rest on bearing regions (34) of the support channel portions (22). The planar elements (24, 124) are arranged to overlap in the longitudinal direction of the support channels (20). The planar elements (24) are transparent covers and photovoltaic modules (28) are arranged below the planar elements (24) and / or the planar elements (124) are photovoltaic modules.

Description

[0001] Description ROOF STRUCTURE WITH PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES

[0002] The invention relates to a roof structure with photovoltaic modules and a method for producing such a roof structure.

[0003] The term "roof structure" is used here generally to describe the arrangement of structural elements in the roof area of ​​a building. The invention primarily refers to the roof covering or outer skin of the roof and the (supporting) structure immediately below it, rather than to the roof's supporting structure.

[0004] A common construction for pitched roofs includes a roof sheathing, usually supported by rafters, and a roof covering, usually made of overlapping roof tiles, supported on battens. This creates a closed covering that is impervious to weather influences such as rain and wind.

[0005] Various structures are known for harnessing solar radiation onto roof surfaces, such as solar thermal systems and photovoltaic systems. These are traditionally mounted on the roof above the roof covering using adapted support systems. Proposals have also been made for integrating solar radiation-harvesting elements, particularly photovoltaic modules, into the roof structure.

[0006] DE 10034655 Ai describes a device for harnessing solar energy, in which the roof covering is modified to create a free flow channel between two layers, through which air heated by solar energy flows. This is achieved by a double roof covering. The covering facing the sun consists of glass roof tiles. To simultaneously generate thermal energy and electrical energy, a radiation-absorbing layer can be formed as a photovoltaic layer. WO 2019 / 168536 Ai describes the production of photovoltaic structures, and in particular photovoltaic roof tiles. Solar cells are encapsulated beneath glass coverings. Photovoltaic roof tiles can be arranged overlapping and connected laterally by spacers. The spacers can have a groove on the top side, forming a visible gap between the roof tiles.

[0007] DE 10 2008 026 505 Ai describes a solar module for roofing a building roof with a photovoltaically active layer for transforming solar radiation into electrical energy, in which the thermal resistance of the solar module to a cooling medium on the underside of the photovoltaically active layer is reduced.

[0008] CH 703 472 Ai discloses a hybrid collector consisting of a photovoltaic module and a first and second heat exchanger chamber. The first heat exchanger chamber has connections for the passage of a first heat transfer medium, which is in thermally conductive contact with the photovoltaic module. The second heat exchanger chamber has connections for the passage of a second heat transfer medium. This allows the photovoltaic module to be cooled in different ways. Particular advantages arise when combined with a combination heat pump, which can extract heat from both air and a liquid heat transfer medium.

[0009] EP3923468 Ai describes a method for increasing the energy yield of an already installed solar power plant with a first solar panel that absorbs sunlight in a first frequency band. A semi-transparent second solar panel that absorbs light in a second frequency band is mounted on the first solar panel and connected to power electronics comprising at least one solar inverter. The second solar panel transmits at least part of the light in the first frequency band.

[0010] The object can be considered to be to provide a roof structure for the integration of photovoltaic modules, which, with a simple structure, enables particularly efficient use of solar radiation on the roof surface. This object is achieved by a roof structure according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 14. Dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments of the invention.

[0011] The roof structure according to the invention comprises parallel support gutters and overlapping panel elements resting thereon. The panel elements preferably form the upper edge of the roof skin, thus being exposed without any additional covering arranged above.

[0012] The support channels have a channel shape with support areas for the panel elements, preferably with flat support areas on which the panel elements advantageously rest over their entire length, either directly or preferably with a seal between them. The support areas are preferably located on opposite sides of the support channels.

[0013] The plate elements can be transparent covers, e.g. made of glass, in which case photovoltaic modules are arranged underneath the plate elements, preferably at a distance from the plate elements. In an alternative, preferred embodiment, the plate elements themselves can be photovoltaic modules. The two possible designs can also be combined if (partially or completely) transparent photovoltaic modules are used as plate elements. One possible design is in which a space is formed underneath the plate elements, protected by the transparent covers, in which one or more photovoltaic modules are arranged. A preferred design is in which the plate elements themselves are photovoltaic modules, but a closed interior space is nevertheless formed underneath.

[0014] According to the invention, the support channels are constructed from aligned support channel sections, wherein ends of the support channel sections are arranged to overlap one another.

[0015] The overlapping arrangement of the support channel sections at each end creates a stepped arrangement that securely holds and supports the overlapping panel elements and, in particular, enables full-surface contact and sealing with the support channels. At the same time, the overlapping arrangement of the support channel sections enables a secure connection and straight alignment due to the interlocking of the respective ends.

[0016] The support gutter sections are preferably profiles of a consistently uniform shape, preferably made of metal, e.g., aluminum or steel. Drawn profiles, (extruded) profiles, rolled profiles, or similar can be used; sheet metal profiles folded in a press bench are preferred. The support gutter sections are preferably at least substantially the same length (i.e., with a maximum deviation of + / - 15%), although larger deviations may occur, particularly at the ends of the support gutters. The length of the support gutter sections can, for example, be 30 - 200 cm, preferably 40 - 120 cm, and particularly preferably 50 - 100 cm. The dimensions determine the length of the panel elements (measured in the direction of the roof pitch); here, the above-mentionedLength ranges have proven useful, although deviations from this are possible for different formats of panel elements. The overlap section, in which the front end of an upper support channel section is arranged so as to engage with the rear end of a lower support channel section, preferably has a shorter length of less than 25%, preferably 15% or less, preferably 10% or less, relative to the lower and / or upper support channel section. In fact, even a small overlap of, for example, at least one centimeter is sufficient to achieve the desired stepped arrangement; an overlap length of, for example, 4 - 12 cm is preferred.

[0017] The plate elements rest on the support channels and are preferably secured there against displacement and lifting. For such securing, they can in principle be attached to the support channels in various ways, e.g. by form-fitting, screwing, clamping, gluing, or similar. According to a preferred development of the invention, hold-down devices are arranged on the plate elements and connected to the support channels. The plate elements are thus held from at least two opposite sides, namely on the underside by resting on the support areas and on the top side by the hold-down devices. The hold-down devices can be designed, for example, as flat elements such as small plates, or can preferably be elongated and extend longitudinally over the plate elements, preferably over their entire length. The hold-down devices can comprise an angled portion that engages around an edge of a plate element.The hold-down devices are preferably arranged on the edge of the plate elements, for example in the region of their corners. The hold-down devices can have bevels on their ends, with which aligned hold-down devices engage with one another. For example, an upper bevel can be formed at an upper end, preferably still directed upwards. A lower bevel can be formed at an opposite lower end, preferably still directed downwards. The bevels can engage with one another. One or both bevels can be provided for contact with a lower edge of a plate element in order to support it against slipping. The hold-down devices are preferably made of metal. A flexible intermediate layer, for example a sealing material, is preferably arranged between the hold-down devices and the plate elements in order to enable a distribution of the forces over the contact surface and to avoid any risk of damage to the plate elements.

[0018] The connection between the hold-down devices and the support channels can be established, for example, by a web, a wall, or—preferably—by a tension rod, in particular a threaded bolt. A hold-down device can preferably be arranged so that it overlaps two adjacent panel elements, thus securing both panel elements simultaneously.

[0019] It is in principle possible to arrange the hold-down devices in the area where two support channel sections overlap and to connect them there to the support channel, in particular to the upper of the overlapping support channel sections. Preferably, however, the hold-down devices are arranged adjacent to, but advantageously outside the area where two support channel sections overlap and are connected there to the support channel. The connection is preferably formed with the lower of the overlapping support channel sections, for example on a web attached there to opposite side walls. An adjacent arrangement is understood to mean that the hold-down device and / or a fastening element for this (such as a bolt or a screw) is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the support channel immediately in front of the overlap area or at a short distance (measured from the respective center of the hold-down device or fastening element to the edge of the adjacent overlap area) from, for exampleless than 10% of the length of the lower support channel section, preferably less than 5%, particularly preferably 3% or less. While it is possible to provide an element, such as a rod, penetrating the bottom of the support channel sections for fastening the hold-down device, the fastening preferably does not involve penetrating the wall of the support channel sections in order to maintain tightness.

[0020] The support channel sections can, in principle, have different cross-sectional shapes, for example, V-shaped. For the overlapping arrangement, stackability is required at least in the overlapping area, although this can also be achieved by widening if necessary. While the support channel sections can thus, for example, be shaped differently in the overlapping area than over the remaining length, they preferably have the same cross-sectional shape over their entire length, which is then preferably stackable. A trapezoidal cross-sectional shape of the support channel sections is particularly preferred, i.e. a straight base from which straight side walls extend at oblique, outward-facing angles. The cross-sectional shape is preferably symmetrical, so that the angles are the same on both sides. In a trapezoidal shape, the angles are more than 90° and are preferably in the range of 95 0 - 130°, more preferably 100 - 120°, particularly preferably around no° (+ / - 5 0). Although these shapes have proven particularly suitable, different designs are possible if necessary. The support areas can preferably extend from the side walls as outward-facing folds, preferably parallel to the floor. The trapezoidal shape is particularly suitable because the resulting support channel sections can be manufactured inexpensively and precisely, are stable, and, in particular, the support channel sections can be easily nested to create the overlap. The straight contact surfaces on the walls and floor can be easily sealed against one another and / or fastened to one another if necessary.

[0021] The arrangement of the panel elements and the support channel sections is preferably such that a closed, preferably sealed interior space is formed beneath the panel elements. For this purpose, it is preferred that the panel elements form a sealing connection with the support areas of the support channel sections, for example by means of a precisely fitting, flat contact or preferably by means of an interposed seal, for example made of flexible sealing material. Furthermore, the panel elements are also preferably arranged in a sealing connection with one another in the overlapping area, again by means of a precisely fitting contact or—preferably—by means of interposed sealing elements made of flexible sealing material. Thus, the interior space can be sealed from the upper side, preferably with a seal at least against splash water, and particularly preferably even at least substantially airtight or at least windtight.

[0022] Such a seal initially protects the roof from weather influences, such as wind and rain, but also allows for controlled airflow within the building. The air in the enclosed interior heats up when sunlight hits the roof, especially when sunlight passes through transparent covers. By directing the air within the building, heat can be dissipated, for example, to use it for heating purposes or similar purposes. Another important aspect of air flow is maintaining a favorable temperature range within the building for the proper functioning of the photovoltaic modules.By removing warm air, the photovoltaic modules, which are either - preferably - arranged as panel elements as part of the interior enclosure or within the interior, are cooled in strong sunlight, so that overheating can be avoided and the photovoltaic modules can be operated efficiently in a favorable temperature range.

[0023] According to one embodiment, pipes can be provided for air guidance. The pipes can also be part of the supporting structure for the support channels. For this purpose, for example, the support channels can be mounted on cross pipes, and the cross pipes can have openings on the top for the supply and removal of air from the interior. For example, a number of parallel cross pipes can be provided, each alternately connected to supply and remove air from the interior, thus enabling circulation and continuous removal of heated air. Alternatively, the air can be guided through other forms of conduits, such as air ducts, hoses, or pipes that are not part of the supporting structure.

[0024] The interior is preferably also closed off at the bottom, preferably by a floor that is spaced from the panel elements and preferably at least substantially parallel to them (the slight inclination possible due to the overlapping arrangement of the panel elements is still considered substantially parallel). The floor can, for example, be formed at least in part by one or more insulation panels. If the above-mentioned cross tubes are provided, insulation panels can preferably be arranged between the cross tubes, whereby it is possible for the insulation panels to overlap the cross tubes completely or partially.

[0025] Openings are preferably provided for supplying air into or removing air from the interior space. The openings can be formed, for example, as holes in the floor of the interior space. The supply and removal lines are preferably arranged at a distance from one another, preferably spaced apart in the longitudinal direction. The distance between the supply and removal lines preferably corresponds to at least 50% of the length of a panel element, more preferably at least the length of a panel element, and is particularly preferably greater than the length of a panel element.

[0026] The openings are preferably connected to air ducts, e.g. hoses, pipes, air ducts, etc.

[0027] When arranging photovoltaic modules in the interior, it is preferred that air-flow-through areas be formed both above and below the photovoltaic modules, i.e., the photovoltaic modules are preferably spaced apart from a cover arranged above and a floor arranged below. This allows the air flowing around the modules to maintain a desired operating temperature range for the photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic modules can preferably be arranged on spacers in the interior, with the spacers more preferably being mounted on the cross tubes.

[0028] The method according to the invention provides for the production of the roof structure described above. This comprises the steps of forming the support gutters from aligned and overlapping support gutter sections, arranging the support gutters on the roof surface, and overlapping the panel elements on the support areas of the support gutter sections. The panel elements can be photovoltaic modules and / or transparent covers, and optionally, photovoltaic modules can also be arranged below the panel elements. The aforementioned steps can be carried out in different orders; preferably, photovoltaic modules are first attached to a roof surface, followed by individual support gutter sections, and from these, the support gutters are formed by overlapping attachment of further support gutter sections, before the panel elements are placed on the support areas.

[0029] Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

[0030] Fig. i shows a first embodiment of a roof structure in a schematic side view of the roof area of ​​a building with a pitched roof;

[0031] Fig. 2 shows a part of the roof structure from Fig. 1 in perspective view;

[0032] Fig. 3 is a side view of part of the roof structure of Fig. i, 2;

[0033] Fig. 4 is a view of the section through the roof structure along the section line A..A in Fig. 2;

[0034] Fig. 5 is a view of the section through the roof structure along the section line B..B in Fig. 2;

[0035] Fig. 6 is a view of the section through the roof structure along the section line C..C in Fig. 2;

[0036] Fig. 7 Elements of the roof structure from Fig. 2 - 6 in an exploded view;

[0037] Fig. 8 shows a second embodiment of a roof structure on a building with a pitched roof in a schematic side view;

[0038] Fig. 9 in side view of part of the roof structure from Fig. 8;

[0039] Fig. io the roof structure from Fig. 8, 9 in an exploded view;

[0040] Fig. 11 shows a perspective view of parts of the roof structure according to Fig. 8-10; Fig. 12 shows a section view along the line D..D in Fig. 11;

[0041] Fig. 13 is a side view of the overlap of two day gutter sections in the second embodiment according to Figs. 8-12;

[0042] Fig. 14a, 14b a support channel section of the second embodiment according to Fig. 8 - 13 in plan view and front view;

[0043] Fig. 14c shows an insert of the support channel section according to Fig. 14a, 14b in perspective view;

[0044] Fig. 15 shows a hold-down device of the second embodiment according to Fig. 8 - 14c in a perspective view;

[0045] Fig. 16 two interlocking hold-down devices of the second embodiment according to Fig. 8 -15 in perspective view.

[0046] Figures 1 - 7 show a first embodiment of a roof structure 10.

[0047] Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the roof structure 10 according to the first embodiment on a pitched roof of a building 12. Here and in the following, the illustration focuses on the external roof structure, ie in particular the roof covering, independently of the supporting roof construction, of which only one of a plurality of roof beams 14 is shown here as an example.

[0048] The roof structure 10 comprises a substructure 30 with cross tubes 16 and insulation panels 18 arranged therebetween and a superstructure 32 fastened thereon with support gutters 20 (of which a support gutter 20 is shown in side view in Fig. 1) and panel elements 24 resting thereon.

[0049] The cross tubes 16 extend perpendicular to the drawing surface of Fig. 1 in a direction hereinafter referred to as the transverse direction. A plurality of cross tubes 16 are arranged parallel to one another and regularly spaced from one another within the roof surface in a direction referred to herein as the longitudinal direction.

[0050] As a person skilled in the art will easily recognize, the roof structure 10 shown is a regularly repeating structure, each with a plurality of cross tubes 16, support gutters 20, and plate elements 24. Only parts of the repeating structure are shown in the drawings, for example, six parallel cross tubes 16 in Figure 1 and four parallel cross tubes 16 in Figure 2, as well as three support gutters 20 and two rows of plate elements 24 arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction. In specific embodiments, this arrangement is continued and repeated in each case to the extent that corresponds to the dimensions of the roof surface. Furthermore, for better visibility of the elements, no lateral terminations are shown in the drawings, although in a complete roof structure 10 these are preferably present in the form of circumferential coverings.

[0051] As can be seen in particular from Fig. 2, each of the support channels 20 is formed from support channel sections 22 aligned in the longitudinal direction. Each support channel section 22 is formed in one piece from a profile made of folded sheet metal, which in the preferred example is approximately 80 cm long, and has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape throughout (which can also be seen from Fig. 4) with a flat base and two side walls projecting obliquely therefrom at opposite angles, from which outwardly projecting support areas 34 extend at the upper edge. The support channel sections 22 are, as can also be seen from Fig. 4, Fig. 5, arranged at their end regions overlapping and nested over a length of approximately 7 cm in the preferred example.

[0052] The panel elements 24 are placed on the support areas 34, with a flexible seal interposed (not shown in the drawings). In the preferred embodiment shown, the panel elements 24 are flat, transparent glass panes. They form the upper end of the roof structure 10. The panel elements 24 bridge two adjacent support channels 20, each resting on the opposite support areas 34. Thus, enclosed interior spaces 36 are formed between the support channels 20 and below the panel elements 24, which are wind- and rain-tight from the outside.

[0053] The panel elements 24 are arranged to overlap one another in the longitudinal direction (Fig. 5), whereby, as shown in Fig. 2, the panel element 24 arranged higher in the direction of the roof slope covers the panel element 24 arranged below it over an overlap area of ​​several centimeters. Flexible seals are arranged between the panel elements 24 in the overlap area.

[0054] The nested, partially overlapping arrangement of the support channel sections 22 enables the overlapping arrangement of the plate elements 24 resting thereon with full-surface contact with the support areas 34. The plate elements 24 are thus supported over their entire length (in the longitudinal direction), enabling a sealing support.

[0055] The panel elements are attached to the support channels 20 by retaining devices 26. As can be seen particularly in Figs. 4 and 5, the retaining devices 26 are beveled plates that rest on the upper side of the panel elements 24 and engage around their final edge, which points downwards in the longitudinal direction toward the roof slope. The retaining devices 26 are each arranged in the region of the lower longitudinal corners of the panel elements 24. Intermediate layers of a flexible plastic sealing material are placed between the retaining devices 26 and the panel elements 24 to prevent damage to the panel elements due to mechanical stress.

[0056] The hold-down devices 26 are held by hold-down bolts 38, which are fastened with screw nuts to crossbars 40, which are fastened in the support channel sections 22 between the side walls. The crossbars 40 are each fastened in the area of ​​the rear ends of the support channel sections 22, but with some distance from the rear end, so that the hold-down devices 26 and hold-down bolts 38 are each arranged adjacent to the areas of overlap of the end sections of the support channel sections 22. As shown in Fig. 5 as an example for a hold-down device 26 with hold-down bolt 38 and crossbar 40, only a small distance remains in the longitudinal direction of the support channel sections 22 between the hold-down bolt 38 and the upper support channel section 22 of the overlap. In the transverse direction, as shown in Fig.4, the hold-down bolts 38 are centered within the support grooves 20 and thus extend through the gap formed by two transversely adjacent plate elements 24. The hold-down bolts 26 overlap the gap and thus fix two plate elements 24 in place.

[0057] The support gutter sections 22 are each drilled through in the area of ​​the floor at their rearmost section in the direction of the roof pitch and are fastened there to the cross tubes 16 by means of fastening bolts 42. As can be seen in particular from Fig. 5, the fastening bolts 42 are arranged in the area of ​​the overlap of the support gutter sections 22, so that the hole in the floor of the lower support gutter section 22 is covered by the upper support gutter section 22 arranged above it. Seals 44 are arranged between the support gutter sections 22 in the overlap area. The fastening bolts 42 thus ensure permanent fastening of the support gutters 20 while simultaneously maintaining their tightness. In the area of ​​each overlap, the lower support gutter section 22 is thus secured by screwing to a support tube 16 and, in turn, secures the panel elements 24 resting thereon via the attached cross web 40.

[0058] The roof structure 10 is sealed against the elements described above and, if necessary, by seals arranged between them. Rainwater is drained away along the panel elements 24 and within the support gutter 20 toward the roof slope.

[0059] The interior spaces 36 are bounded in the transverse direction by the walls of the support channel sections 22, upwards by the plate elements 24 and downwards by a floor formed by the upper sides of the insulation panels 18 and the cross pipes 16. In the longitudinal direction, the interior spaces 36 are continuous below the individual plate elements 24, but closed and sealed at the ends (not shown).

[0060] Plate-shaped photovoltaic modules 28 are arranged in the interior spaces 38, each spaced apart from the floor and the underside of the plate elements 24 (see, for example, Fig. 6). The photovoltaic modules 28 are attached to the cross tubes 16 with spacers 46. Thus, areas through which air can flow are formed above and below the photovoltaic modules 28. Openings 48 are arranged on the top side of the cross tubes 16, forming connections to the interior spaces 38. Thus, air can be supplied to and discharged from the interior spaces 38 through the cross tubes 16. Preferably, the cross pipes 16 are connected to air-promoting fans in such a way that air is alternately supplied and discharged through cross pipes 16 arranged next to one another, so that, as indicated by dotted arrows in Fig. 6, an air flow is created within the interior spaces 38, through which the photovoltaic modules 28 are flushed on the top and bottom.

[0061] When exposed to sunlight, as indicated in Fig. 6, it passes through the transparent plate elements 24 into the interior 38 and onto the photovoltaic module 28. This generates electrical power, which is dissipated through electrical cables not shown here. This heats up the photovoltaic module 28 and the air in the interior 38. The air duct described above discharges warm air through cross pipes 16 and can be used, for example, for heating or to generate electricity. The air duct thus dissipates heat from the interior 38 and thus prevents the photovoltaic module 28 from heating up excessively to a temperature at which its efficiency would be severely impaired.

[0062] The roof structure 10 thus enables very efficient use of solar radiation with a simple construction, good sealing, and a minimal number of components. Airflow allows the generated heat to be utilized, while simultaneously ensuring that the photovoltaic modules 28 can operate within a favorable temperature range.

[0063] The roof structure 10 is easy to assemble, mechanically stable, and also inexpensive to service. Various procedures with different sequences of assembly steps are possible. Preferably, the cross tubes 16 are first fastened transversely to the supporting roof structure, with the insulation panels 18 attached between them. The photovoltaic modules 28 are then attached to the spacers 46 and electrically connected (not shown). The support gutters 20 are then assembled piece by piece from the support gutter sections 22 and screwed onto the cross tubes 16. Alternatively, the support gutters 20 can also be assembled and attached to the cross tubes 16 before the photovoltaic modules are installed. Finally, the panel elements 24 are placed overlapping on the support gutters 20 and secured by the hold-down clamps 26.

[0064] In the event of servicing, easy access to the interior 36 can be gained by loosening the hold-down clamps 26 and lifting plate elements 24, for example to replace photovoltaic modules 28.

[0065] Figs. 8-15 show a second, preferred embodiment. The roof structure 110 according to the second embodiment corresponds to the roof structure 10 according to the first embodiment in many structural elements and in many details. The following will focus on the differences between the embodiments. Identical elements are provided with identical reference numerals.

[0066] As shown in Fig. 8-10, the roof structure 110 comprises a supporting structure, a substructure 130 with roof beams 14 and crossbeams 116, and insulation panels 18 arranged between them, on which a closed roof panel 119 is mounted. The roof beams 14 run parallel in the longitudinal direction, i.e., following the roof pitch, while the crossbeams 116 run parallel to each other in the transverse direction. The roof panel 119 is preferably formed from tongue-and-groove panels with water-repellent properties, preferably as a possible second water-bearing level.

[0067] On the substructure 130, a superstructure 132 is fastened with spacer beams 146, support channels 20 fastened thereon and plate elements 124 resting thereon with hold-down devices 126. In the illustrations of the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, only parts of the regularly repeating structure without edge closures are shown.

[0068] As in the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, each of the support channels 20 is formed from longitudinally aligned support channel sections 22. The support channel sections are shown separately in Figs. 14a, 14b. In the illustrated embodiment, each support channel section is formed, for example, from a sheet metal thickness of 0.8 - 1.4 mm, preferably imm. The trapezoidal profile has, for example, a height of approximately 35 mm, a lower inner width of approximately 30 mm, and an upper inner width of approximately 50 mm, with sealing strips 123 on flange sections of, for example, 10 mm width. The trapezoidal shape includes bends of, for example, 108° each. The outer bends form support surfaces 34 with glued-on flexible sealing strips 123.

[0069] The bottom of the support channel sections 22 is closed except for a hole at one end. Two inserts 50 with threaded nuts (Fig. 14c) are inserted and welded into the profile of the support channel section 22.

[0070] In the roof structure 110, the support gutter sections 22 are arranged in a partially interlocking manner, i.e., nested, manner, as in the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 13, the perforated end of the respective lower support gutter section 22 is covered by the end of the support gutter section arranged above it.

[0071] Plate elements 124 are placed on the sealing strips 123 of the support surfaces 34 of the support channel sections 22, with the plate elements 124 also being arranged overlapping one another, corresponding to the overlapping arrangement of the support channel sections 22. Flexible seals (not shown) are arranged between overlapping plate elements.

[0072] Unlike the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the panel elements 124 are not transparent glass panes, but rather flat photovoltaic modules. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic modules 124 themselves form the upper end of the roof structure 110.

[0073] The panel elements 124, each arranged between two adjacent support gutters 20, thus cover enclosed interior spaces 36, as in the first embodiment, which are sealed off from the outside in a wind and rainproof manner. The interior spaces 36 are delimited laterally in the transverse direction by the support gutter sections 22 and spacer beams 146, upwards by the panel elements 124, and downwards by the roof panel 119. In the longitudinal direction, the spaces are continuous, for example extending from the roof ridge to the lower edge, although subdivisions are also possible. Due to the nested, partially overlapping arrangement of the support gutter sections 22, the panel elements 124 resting on them, which are also arranged in an overlapping manner, are aligned parallel to them, ensuring uniform contact with the support areas 34.

[0074] As in the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the plate elements 124 are secured to the support channels 20 by means of retaining devices 126. Unlike in the first embodiment, the retaining devices 126 are elongated strips that cover the plate elements 124 over their entire length, as can be seen particularly from Fig. 11 (only two retaining devices 126 are shown here for clarity).

[0075] Hold-down devices 126 are shown in more detail in Figs. 15 and 16. These are elongated sheet metal strips with a downwardly directed bevel 152 at a lower end and an upwardly directed bevel 154 at the upper end. As can be seen from Fig. 16, the lower end of the hold-down device 126 is widened, and the lower bevel 152 has a central recess equal to the width of the upper bevel 152.

[0076] The hold-down devices 126 are each placed on the plate elements 124 such that they overlap two laterally adjacent plate elements 124 (Fig. 16). In this case, the hold-down devices 126 arranged in alignment engage with one another, with the lower bevel 152 of the higher hold-down device 126 overlapping the upper bevel 154 of the hold-down device 126 arranged below it. At the same time, the lower bevel 152 surrounds the plate elements 124 and thus secures them against slipping. Here, too, there is no direct contact between the hold-down devices 126 and the plate elements 124; instead, an intermediate layer is arranged between them (not shown).

[0077] As in the first embodiment, the hold-down devices 126 are held by hold-down bolts 38, which are screwed to the crossbars 40 of the underlying support channel sections 22 with the screw nuts.

[0078] The support channel sections 22 themselves are screwed to the spacer beams 146 below them using screws 142, using the screw hole 50 (Fig. 13). As in the first embodiment, the overlap and seal 44 ensure tightness.

[0079] As in the first embodiment, the roof structure is impermeable with drainage of rainwater on the plate elements 124 and in the support gutters 20. In the case of minor leaks at the seals between them, water that may penetrate into the interior 36 can be drained on the roof plate 119 in the direction of the roof slope.

[0080] The interior spaces 36 formed between the support channels 22 and beneath the panel elements 124 (photovoltaic modules) each represent areas through which air can flow. Air is introduced into the spaces 36 through hoses 156 and holes 148 penetrating the roof panel 119 and the insulation panels 18, and is then drawn out again at another location (see, for example, Fig. 11). The air flowing in the interior spaces 36 thus comes into contact with the underside of the panel elements 124 (photovoltaic elements), allowing them to be cooled by the air flow. As with the first embodiment, the generated heat is thus utilized, while simultaneously ensuring that the photovoltaic modules 124 can operate within a favorable temperature range.

[0081] As can be seen in Fig. 8, the supply and discharge lines are preferably spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction, particularly preferably with a distance that is greater than the length of a plate element 124 in the longitudinal direction.

[0082] While the above two separate embodiments are described, the invention can be implemented in various ways. For example, individual features or concepts are interchangeable between the embodiments, e.g., the air flow via cross tubes or via hoses / bores, the design of the hold-down devices either over the entire length of the panel elements or only at their corners, or the design of the panel elements optionally as photovoltaic modules themselves or as covers for such modules. List of reference symbols , 110 Roof structure 40 Cross web

[0083] 12 Building 42. 142 Fixing bolt / screw

[0084] 14 Roof beams 44 Sealing between support gutter sections

[0085] 16 Cross tube 46 Spacers for photovoltaic

[0086] Module

[0087] 116 cross beams 146 spacer beams

[0088] 18 Insulation board 48, 148 openings for air supply

[0089] 119 Roof plate 50 Screw hole

[0090] 20 Support channel 152 lower edge of the hold-down device

[0091] 22 Support channel section 154 upper edge of the hold-down device

[0092] 123 sealing strips on 156 hoses

[0093] Support channel sections

[0094] 24 plate element, 126 hold-down clamps

[0095] 28 photovoltaic modules, 130 substructure

[0096] 32 Superstructure

[0097] 34 support areas

[0098] 36 Interior

[0099] 38 hold-down bolts

Claims

Claims haufbau (io, no), with a plurality of parallel support channels (20), each formed from aligned support channel sections (22), wherein ends of the support channel sections (22) are arranged overlapping one another, wherein plate elements (24, 124) are each arranged between two support channels (20) and rest on support areas (34) of the support channel sections (22), wherein the plate elements (24, 124) in the longitudinal direction of the support channels (20) are arranged overlapping, and wherein the plate elements (24) are transparent covers and photovoltaic modules (28) are arranged below the plate elements (24), and / or wherein the plate elements (124) are photovoltaic modules. Structure according to claim 1, wherein Hold-down devices (26, 126) are arranged on the plate elements (24, 124) and are connected to the support channels (20). The structure according to claim 2, wherein the hold-down devices (126) are elongated and extend in the longitudinal direction of the plate elements (124). The structure according to claim 3, wherein the hold-down devices (126) have an upper bevel at an upper end. (154) and at a lower end a lower bevel (152), wherein the upper and lower bevels (152, 154) of aligned hold-down devices engage with each other. 5- Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which the support gutter sections (22) have a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape.

6. Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which the plate elements (24, 124) are sealingly connected to the support areas of the support channel sections (22), so that an interior space (36) sealed relative to the upper side of the plate elements (24, 124) is formed between the support channels (20) and below the plate elements (24, 124).

7. Roof structure according to claim 6, in which Openings (48, 148) are provided for supplying or removing air from the interior (36).

8. Roof structure according to claim 7, in which the support gutters (22) are mounted on cross tubes (16), the openings (48) for supplying or discharging air being provided on the upper side of the cross tubes (16).

9. Roof structure according to claim 7, wherein the openings (148) for supplying or discharging air are connected to lines (156) for guiding the air.

10. Roof structure according to one of claims 6 - 9, wherein the interior space (36) is closed off by a floor at a distance from the plate elements (24).

11. Roof structure according to one of claims 6 - 10, in which Photovoltaic modules (28) are arranged in the interior (36), wherein areas through which air can flow are formed above and below the photovoltaic modules (28). Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which the support gutter sections (22) have outer bevels (34), the upper sides of the bevels (34) forming the support areas. Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in which seals (44, 123) are arranged between the plate elements (24) and the support surfaces (34) and / or between overlapping plate elements (24) and / or between overlapping support gutter sections (22). Method for producing a roof structure with photovoltaic modules, in which a plurality of parallel support gutters (20) are formed on a roof surface from aligned support gutter sections (22), wherein ends of the support gutter sections (22) are arranged overlapping one another. Plate elements (24, 124) are each arranged between two support channels (20) in such a way that they rest on support areas of the support channel sections (22), and wherein the plate elements (24, 124) are arranged overlapping in the longitudinal direction of the support channels (20), and wherein the plate elements (24) are transparent covers and photovoltaic modules (28) are arranged below the plate elements (24), and / or wherein the plate elements (124) are photovoltaic modules.

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