Device for collecting solid particles contained in a soup of organic matter

Abstract

Device (1) for collecting solid particles contained in a soup of organic matter, the device comprising: − a trommel (10) provided with orifices (12) for forming a screen that retains the solid particles and allows the organic matter to pass through; − a rotary brush (20) mounted in the trommel in order to brush an inner surface of said trommel; - motorized means arranged to drive the trommel and the brush in rotation; − a rolling cylinder (30) mounted in the trommel and arranged such that an outer surface of the rolling cylinder bears against the inner surface of the trommel so as to force the organic matter to pass through the orifices of the trommel.

Description

[0001]DEVICE FOR COLLECTING SOLID PARTICLES CONTAINED IN A SOUP OF ORGANIC MATERIALS The present invention relates to the treatment of waste, particularly for the purpose of recycling or disposal thereof, and more particularly to a device for collecting solid particles contained in a soup of organic materials. Here, the term "organic materials" refers to all biowaste contained in packaging, particularly those from the food industry. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the field of waste treatment, particularly from mass distribution, a friction treatment device is generally used to collect organic materials adhering to the surfaces of packaging to be treated.Such a treatment device makes it possible to separate biowaste from its container and transform it into a bioresource in the form of a soup intended to be used as compost (organic amendment used to nourish the soil) or digestate (by-product of methanization used to directly nourish plants). However, it turns out that the soup obtained at the outlet of the treatment device contains plastic particles (or packaging residues) that need to be collected so that they do not end up in the soil. For this purpose, it is known to use a screw phase separator to dissociate the plastic particles from the biowaste forming the soup.If such a separator makes it possible to obtain a soup of satisfactory quality, compliant with standards and compatible with biogas installations and return to the earth, the plastic particles are nevertheless provided with a quantity of organic matter not compatible with plastic incinerators. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The invention therefore aims to propose a device for collecting solid particles contained in a soup of organic matter, making it possible to limit the quantity of organic matter present on the collected solid particles.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To this end, the invention proposes a device for collecting solid particles contained in a soup of organic matter, the device comprising: − a trommel provided with orifices to form a screen retaining the solid particles and allowing the organic matter to pass through; − a rotating brush mounted in the trommel to brush an internal surface of said trommel; − motorized means arranged to rotate the trommel and the brush; − a rolling roller mounted in the trommel and arranged so that an external surface of the rolling roller bears against the internal surface of the trommel so as to force the organic matter to pass through the orifices of the trommel. The rolling roller creates a guide for the solid particles in a space that gradually reduces as the solid particles approach the internal surface of the trommel.This ensures compression of the solid particles against the inner surface of the trommel and therefore the removal of a quantity of organic matter adhering to the solid particles. The rolled solid particles are then caught by the brush and repeatedly subjected to intense brushing during which they lose an additional quantity of organic matter. There is then no or very little organic matter remaining on said solid particles. According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the brush extends along an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the trommel. According to another particular characteristic of the invention, the rolling roller extends along an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the trommel. According to another particular characteristic of the invention, the device comprises unclogging means arranged to at least partially unclog the orifices of the trommel during the rotation of said trommel.In particular, the unclogging means comprise an unclogging roller provided with teeth intended to engage at least partially in the orifices of the trommel during the rotation of said trommel. Advantageously, the teeth of the unclogging roller have a height greater than a thickness of the trommel. Advantageously, the unclogging roller is mounted outside the trommel. According to another particular characteristic of the invention, the device comprises means for introducing the soup of organic matter into the trommel, the introduction means comprising a tube having a first end opening outside the trommel and a second end opening inside the trommel. In particular, the first end of the tube is provided with means for connection to a source of soup of organic matter.In particular, the second end of the tube is provided with a deflector arranged to direct the soup of organic matter towards the rolling roller. The invention also relates to a method for collecting solid particles contained in a soup of organic matter, comprising introducing the soup of organic matter into the trommel of such a device. The invention further relates to a packaging treatment plant, comprising a device for collecting organic matter adhering to the packaging in the form of a soup, and such a device for collecting the solid particles contained in the soup. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood in the light of the following description, which is purely illustrative and non-limiting, and must be read in conjunction with the appended drawings, among which: [Fig.1] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the device according to a particular embodiment of the invention; [Fig. 2] Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of the device illustrated in Figure 1; [Fig. 3] Figure 3 is a detailed view of elements of the device illustrated in Figure 2; [Fig. 4] Figure 4 illustrates a section of the elements illustrated in Figure 3, along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of said elements; [Fig. 5] Figure 5 is a partial perspective view of the device illustrated in Figure 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With reference to Figure 1 and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, a device according to a particular embodiment of the invention, generally designated 1, comprises a chassis 2 in the form of a structure formed by mechanically welded steel profiles, carrying a casing not shown here for the sake of clarity.The casing contains a trommel 10 in the form of a rotating drum extending along a longitudinal axis X10. The trommel 10 here has a diameter substantially equal to five hundred millimeters and a thickness e substantially equal to four millimeters. The trommel 10 comprises a first end portion 10.1, a second end portion 10.2, and a central portion 10.3 extending between the first end portion 10.1 and the second end portion 10.2. The first end portion 10.1 and the second end portion 10.2 each comprise two substantially identical external collars 11 to define two tracks for guiding the trommel 10 in rotation around the axis XT. The free ends of the first end portion 10.1 and the second end portion 10.2 are respectively closed and open. The trommel 10 is driven in rotation around the axis X10 using a first motor (not shown) carried by the chassis 2.The first end portion 10.1 and the second end portion 10 of the trommel 10 are each guided in rotation by two rollers 3 mounted to rotate freely about an axis substantially parallel to the axis XT. The rollers 3 extend between the collars 11 of the corresponding end portion 10.1, 10.2. The central portion 10.3 of the trommel 10 is perforated by a plurality of identical orifices 12 distributed symmetrically around the axis X10 so as to form a screen. As illustrated in Figure 3, the orifices 12 have a substantially quadrilateral-shaped section whose corners are rounded and are delimited by two first planar surfaces 12.1 which each extend in a plane comprising the axis XT, and by two second surfaces 12.2 of convex shape which are symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis XT.The orifices 12 here have a width l substantially equal to 6 millimeters, and a length L substantially equal to 8 millimeters, the width l corresponding to the distance separating the first two surfaces and the length L corresponding to the maximum distance separating the first two surfaces along the axis XT. The trommel 10 here comprises, along the axis X10, sixty identical rows 13 of one hundred and twelve orifices 12. The sixty rows 13 are distributed into three sets 14 of twenty rows. The one hundred and twelve orifices 12 of each of the sixty rows 13 are distributed symmetrically around the axis X10 in seven angular evacuation sectors 15 of sixteen orifices 12 (figure 4). Inside the trommel 10 are mounted a rotating cylindrical brush 20 and a rolling roller 30. The brush 20 extends along an axis X20 substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis X10 of the trommel 10, in the third quadrant of the trommel 10 when the latter is observed from its second end portion 10.2. The brush 20 bears against an internal surface of the trommel 10 and is driven in rotation by a second motor (not shown) carried by the chassis 2. In operation, the brush 20 and the trommel 10 rotate in the same direction marked in the figure by an arrow F (figure 2), the rotation speed of the brush 20 being greater than that of the trommel 10. The rotation speed of the brush 20 is here substantially equal to twice that of the trommel 10. The rolling roller 30 is cylindrical in shape and extends along an axis X30 substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis X10 of the trommel 10, in the second quadrant of the trommel 10 when the latter is observed from its second end portion 10.2. The roller 30 is carried by a shaft 31, the ends of which are each mounted to rotate freely on a first end 32.1 of an L-shaped arm 32 extending in a plane perpendicular to the axis X30 of the roller 30.Each of the arms 32 comprises a second end 32.2 secured to a rod of a double-acting cylinder (not shown) whose body is connected to the chassis 2, and a third end 32.3, arranged between the first end 32.1 and the second end 32.2, mounted freely to rotate on the chassis about an axis X32 substantially parallel to the axis X30 of the roller 30. The cylinder extends in the same plane as that in which the arm 32 extends, so that said arm 32 forms a lever which allows the cylinder to pivot the roller 30 about the axis X32 between a first so-called operating position in which an external surface of the roller 30 bears against the internal surface of the trommel 10, and a second so-called cleaning position in which the external surface of the roller 30 is distant from said internal surface of the trommel 10 and is in contact with the brush 20.In operation, the jack makes it possible to elastically hold the rolling roller 30 in abutment against the trommel 10 by applying to said roller 30 a force of a few kilonewtons via the leverage effect provided by the arms 32. The roller 30 is then driven in rotation by the trommel 10 and rolls on the internal surface thereof, so that the speed of rotation of the roller 30 is, in operation, proportional to that of the trommel 10. In the cleaning position, the jack makes it possible to elastically hold the rolling roller 30 in abutment against the brush 20, which causes, when the brush 20 is driven in rotation by the second motor, a cleaning of the external surface of said roller 30. Outside the trommel 10 is mounted a toothed roller 40 forming means for unclogging the orifices 12 of the trommel 10.The roller 40 extends along a longitudinal axis X40, substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis X10 of the trommel 10, and has ends mounted free to rotate around the axis X40. The roller 40 comprises sixty 41 identical rows of sixty-four teeth 42. The teeth 42 have a height h greater than the thickness e of the trommel 10 and are arranged to cooperate with the orifices 12 of the trommel 10 in the manner of two toothed wheels (figure 4): the sixty rows 41 of teeth 42 are distributed in three sets 43 of twenty rows 42, and the sixty-four teeth 42 of each of the sixty rows 41 are distributed symmetrically around the axis X40 in four angular meshing sectors 44 of sixteen teeth 42. In operation, the unclogging roller 40 is thus driven in rotation by the trommel 10, the speed of rotation of said roller 40 being proportional to the speed of said trommel 10.The device 1 also comprises means for introducing a soup of organic matter into the trommel 10, the soup comprising solid particles to be collected (plastic particles, packaging residues, etc.). The introduction means comprise, as illustrated in FIG. 5, a tube 50 extending along an axis substantially parallel to the axis X10, the first quadrant of the trommel 10 when the latter is observed from its second end portion 10.2. The tube 50 comprises a first end opening outside the trommel 10, and a second end opening inside the trommel 10. The first end of the tube 50 is provided with connection means (not shown) to a source of soup of organic matter. The connection means comprise, for example, a firefighter connector. The source of soup of organic matter comprises, for example, a pump connected to a tank of soup of organic matter.The second end of the tube 50 is provided with a deflector 51 for directing the soup towards the rolling roller 30. A hopper 60 for recovering organic matter is placed under the trommel 10 and directs said organic matter towards a container (not shown). The first motor and the second motor are connected to a control unit provided with speed variators for said first motor and said second motor, a memory, a touch screen display and wireless communication means. The operation of the device 1 will now be detailed. While a soup of organic matter is introduced into the trommel 10 via the tube 50 and directed towards the rolling roller 30 via the deflector 51, the control unit orders the start-up of the first and second motors to respectively drive the trommel 10 and the brush 20 in rotation around their respective axes X10, X20.The trommel 10 then drives the unclogging roller 40 and the rolling roller 30 in rotation via the contact pressure exerted and adjusted by the jacks. The solid particles contained in the soup are then compressed between the rolling roller 30 and the inner surface of the trommel 10, then are caught by the brush 20 and taken into the contact zone between the brush 20 and the inner surface of the trommel 10, a zone in which the solid particles are subjected to intense brushing, which has the effect of removing a quantity of organic matter adhering to the solid particles. Once they have left the contact zone, the solid particles are ejected by the brush 20 towards an upper region and strike the inner surface of the trommel 10 before being caught again by the brush 20 which brings it back into the contact zone to undergo intense brushing again.With each brushing, the solid particles lose an additional quantity of organic matter adhering to their surface. The dimensions of the orifices 12 of the trommel 10 are chosen to retain the solid particles inside the trommel while allowing the organic matter to pass through. The passage of the organic matter is facilitated by the centrifugal effect of the rotation of the trommel 10, so that said organic matter ends up in the casing, the solid particles being retained inside the trommel 10. The plugs of organic matter which obstruct the orifices 12 of the trommel 10 are evacuated by the teeth 42 of the unclogging roller 40 and fall into the trommel 10 where the brush 20 and the rolling roller 30 disintegrate them and evacuate them through the orifices 12.The evacuation of the solid particles from the trommel 10 can for example be carried out by a blowing device (not shown) mounted inside the first end portion 10.1 of the trommel 10 to generate an air flow comprising a component parallel to the axis X10 so as to blow the solid particles on which there is no or very little organic matter remaining from the trommel 10 via the first end portion 10.2 of said trommel 10. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described but encompasses any variant falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims. Although the unclogging means here comprise a toothed roller 40, the invention also applies to other means of unclogging the trommel 10 during its rotation, such as for example a high-pressure injection of water, air or weights which strike the trommel 10.Although the rolling roller 30 is here held elastically in abutment against the trommel 10 via a double-acting cylinder, it can also be held in abutment by any other elastic means such as a single-acting cylinder and / or a tension spring, a compression spring, etc. The cleaning position of the rolling roller 30 by the brush 20 can then be optional. The dimensions of the orifices 12 of the trommel 10 may be different from those described. The number of orifices and their arrangement (number of rows, of sets, of angular sectors, etc.) may be different from those described.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Device (1) for collecting solid particles contained in a soup of organic matter, the device comprising: ^ a trommel (10) provided with orifices (12) to form a screen retaining the solid particles and allowing the organic matter to pass through; ^ a rotating brush (20) mounted in the trommel to brush an internal surface of said trommel; ^ motorized means arranged to rotate the trommel and the brush; ^ a rolling roller (30) mounted in the trommel and arranged so that an external surface of the rolling roller bears against the internal surface of the trommel so as to force the organic matter to pass through the orifices of the trommel.

2. Collection device (1) according to claim 1, in which the brush (20) extends along an axis (X20) parallel to an axis (X 10) longitudinal of the trommel (10).

3. Collection device (1) according to claim 1, in which the rolling roller (30) extends along an axis (X 30 ) parallel to an axis (X 20 ) longitudinal of the trommel (10).

4. Collection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising unclogging means (40) arranged to at least partially unclog the orifices (12) of the trommel (10) during rotation of said trommel.

5. Collection device (1) according to claim 4, in which the unclogging means comprise a 6. Collection device (1) according to claim 5, wherein the teeth (42) of the unclogging roller (40) have a height (h) greater than a thickness (e) of the trommel (10).

7. Collection device (1) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the unclogging roller (40) is mounted outside the trommel (10).

8. Collection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising means for introducing the soup of organic matter into the trommel (10), the introduction means comprising a tube (50) having a first end opening outside the trommel (10) and a second end opening inside the trommel. 9.

10. A collection device (1) according to claim 8, wherein the first end of the tube (50) is provided with means for connection to a source of organic matter soup.

11. A method of collecting solid particles contained in an organic matter soup, comprising introducing the organic matter soup into the trommel (10) of a device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

12. A packaging treatment installation, comprising. a device for collecting organic matter adhering to packaging in the form of a soup, and a device according to any one of the preceding claims for collecting solid particles contained in the soup 13. Use of a collection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims for collecting solid particles contained in a soup of organic matter.

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