Supporting device for a mast body and mast device

Abstract

A support device (20) provided for receiving a mast body, a mast device consisting of a support device (20) and a mast body, and a method for assembling a mast device. So that the mast device can be used on uneven ground, has a good foundation, and can be quickly installed using compact assembly equipment without major logistical outlay, the support device (20) has the following components: a base device (30) provided for supporting the support device (20) on a ground (18), a support device (40) for the mast body (11), a pivoting device (50) by means of which the support device (40) is pivotally connected to the base device (30), and a foundation device (60) arranged or formed on the base device (30), in particular in a detachable manner.

Description

[0001] The present invention primarily relates to a support device provided for receiving a mast body. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a mast device comprising such a support device, as well as to a method for assembling a mast device.

[0002] Mast devices are, for example, vertical, pillar-like structures or supports to which various components of different types can be attached or are attached during the intended use of the mast device.

[0003] Mast devices are known in a wide variety of forms and for a wide variety of purposes. In one form, to which the present invention is particularly directed, the mast device is a transmission mast or a radio mast, for example, a cell phone mast. Such a mast has a mast body that serves to accommodate various components required for its intended use, for example, components provided for transmitting signals, antennas for transmitting purposes, components for connectivity, and the like.

[0004] Mast devices, as they are known from the general state of the art, usually consist of the mast body, a support device on which the mast body is mounted, and a foundation device with which the load of the mast device is transferred to and into the ground.

[0005] Such a mast device, which serves as a support for antennas, is known from DE 7306825 U. The mast device comprises a mast body that is supported on the ground via a support device. The support device also has an anchor plate that is placed on the ground. The anchor plate is firmly connected to the ground via ground anchors. The anchor plate has a shaft into which the mast body is inserted. The shaft is connected to the anchor plate via a hinge joint. This hinge joint serves the sole purpose of allowing the shaft to be folded down for assembly purposes, so that the mast body can be mounted on the ground. The completed mast body is then erected and tensioned with cables.

[0006] A similar solution is also described in DE 20 2015 105 834 U1. This known solution also connects a mast body to a mast base located near the ground. To avoid having to climb onto the mast body or lower it with a crane for maintenance work, the mast can be folded down as needed using a special connecting device. For this purpose, the connecting device comprises a base plate and a tilting plate connected by a hinged joint. One of these plates is attached to the lower end of the mast body, while the other plate is located at the upper end of the mast base.

[0007] Common mast structures, including those designed as transmission towers, are often up to 40 meters tall, but can also be higher. The mast bodies of such mast structures sway in the wind or may be exposed to vibrations in the ground. For this reason, a good foundation is essential.

[0008] Mast structures, especially those used as transmission towers, are used in a wide variety of environments, often on uneven ground, in locations with slopes, etc. This must be compensated for to ensure the mast body maintains its optimal orientation, which is usually vertical.

[0009] The two previously described, state-of-the-art solutions are not suitable for this purpose. Because of their respective hinge connections, the mast bodies can only be folded into two orientations: vertical and horizontal. These known solutions do not allow for the orientation of the mast body to be adjusted to uneven ground, such as a slope. The aim here is simply to position the mast body horizontally for assembly and maintenance purposes, and to fold it vertically for its intended use after completion of the work. Any intermediate positions are not possible with these known solutions.

[0010] Often, the mast devices are also installed in inadequate terrain where only limited space is available for the use of larger assembly equipment.

[0011] In one application, to which the present invention is particularly directed, without the invention being limited to this specific application, the mast devices are erected and deployed along railway tracks. Such mast devices are often up to 20 meters high and must adapt to changing terrain, for example, the course of embankments, railway embankments, and the like.

[0012] Even in such cases, the two previously described state-of-the-art solutions are unsuitable. Since the installation and maintenance of the mast devices always takes place with the mast body in a horizontal orientation, which for this purpose lies flat on the ground, a considerable amount of space is required for the use of the corresponding mast devices.

[0013] The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a support device for receiving a mast body and a corresponding mast device which, on the one hand, can be used on uneven ground, on the other hand also has a good foundation and, moreover, can be quickly installed with compact assembly equipment without great logistical effort.

[0014] This object is achieved according to the invention by the support device having the features according to independent patent claim 1, which represents the first aspect of the invention, by the mast device having the features according to independent patent claim 13, which represents the second aspect of the invention, by the method having the features according to independent patent claim 14, which represents the third aspect of the invention, and by the special uses having the features according to independent patent claim 15, which represent the fourth aspect of the invention.

[0015] Further features and details of the invention emerge from the dependent claims, the description, and the drawings. Features and details described in connection with one aspect of the invention always apply in full to the other aspects of the invention, and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of one aspect of the invention, reference is always made to the disclosure of the other aspects of the invention.

[0016] The support device according to the invention, which serves to accommodate a mast body, as well as a mast device according to the invention, consisting of a support device and a mast body, are universally applicable. This means that the mast device and support device can be used for a wide variety of purposes. Some examples of possible applications are described below, without the invention being limited to them.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the support device according to the invention and the mast device according to the invention are suitable for use on and along railway tracks.

[0018] The existing soil layers are not disturbed. No excavation pits are required, for example, in the compression zone of the track superstructure and substructure. The very short installation time results in minimal disruption to operations.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the mast device according to the invention provides the basis for creating a comprehensive communication infrastructure, in particular along tracks.

[0020] The mast device is used to accommodate various components that are required for the intended use of the mast device.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the mast device is provided as a transmission mast, a radio mast, a mobile radio mast, or the like. In such a case, the mast device serves, in particular, to accommodate components required for transmitting and processing signals, data, providing connectivity, and the like.

[0022] When the support device according to the invention and the mast device according to the invention are used along tracks, one aim is, for example, to provide users in the vicinity of the mast devices, for example passengers in a train, with a reliable communication connection and mobile communication services and data services in the trains so that they can use their office and entertainment applications without interruptions.

[0023] According to the first aspect, the invention is directed to a carrying device having the features of independent claim 1.

[0024] The support device is designed to accommodate a mast body. This means that, during intended use, the mast body is mounted on the support device. The support device thus forms the substructure of the mast device, to which the mast body is mounted.

[0025] The support device comprises a number of different components, which, in their interaction, enable the object underlying the invention to be achieved. According to the invention, the individual components of the support device interact functionally with one another, as explained in detail below.

[0026] In the following, these individual components are first named in general terms before the individual components are explained in detail in the further course of the description.

[0027] First, the support device comprises a base assembly. The base assembly forms the foundation upon which the other components of the support device are supported. Furthermore, the base assembly is provided to support the support device on a subsurface. The base assembly is therefore the component that comes into contact with the subsurface during assembly and operation of the support device, i.e., the component that is placed on the subsurface. The base assembly thus forms the supporting substructure of the support device.

[0028] A second component of the support device is a support mechanism. The support mechanism serves to accommodate the mast body, which is arranged on the support mechanism during intended use. For this purpose, the support mechanism has a support arrangement. A support arrangement is, in particular, a structural structure with a specific function, in this case, for supporting components. The support arrangement has at least one first receptacle for the mast body.

[0029] A further component is a pivoting device, by means of which the support device is pivotally connected to the base device. The support device and the base device can execute a pivoting movement relative to one another via the pivoting device. A pivoting movement is in particular a movement that occurs by rotation about at least one axis of rotation. The pivoting device is provided between the base device and the support device. According to one embodiment, the support device and the base device are spaced apart from one another. The pivoting device has at least one pivot element that extends in a first direction of extent. This is explained in detail below in connection with the detailed description of the pivoting device. The pivot element is arranged with a first end on the base device in this first direction of extent.With a second end, the pivoting element is arranged on the support device in the first direction of extension. The pivoting device allows the support device to be used even on uneven terrain, while the mast body can always maintain its optimal alignment. For example, the base device is placed on an uneven surface. By operating the pivoting device, the support device is pivoted into the position required for the mast body, for example, into a horizontal or horizontal position.

[0030] Furthermore, the support device comprises a foundation device with which the support device is anchored in the ground. The foundation device is arranged or formed, in particular detachably, on the base device.

[0031] In the light of the present invention, the term "arranged" means in particular that a first component, here the foundation device, is initially present as an independent component with respect to another second component, here the base device, and that the two components are subsequently fastened to one another. This connection can be detachable or non-detachable. In the light of the present invention, the term "configured" means in particular that a first component, here the foundation device, is firmly and generally non-detachably connected to a second component, here the base device. The first and second components form a unit. The second component is in particular a fixed, integral part of the first component.

[0032] The basic setup is explained in more detail below.

[0033] According to one embodiment, the base device is designed as a base frame structure. This is a load-bearing, supporting substructure of the support device, which has a number of frame elements that are adjacent to one another. The frame elements can be profile elements that are of the same or different design. A base frame structure is significantly lighter than a base plate, but is just as stable. The frame elements can be easily transported and assembled on-site to form the base frame structure. According to one embodiment, the base frame device is rigid. According to another embodiment, the base frame structure is designed to be movable or flexible, at least within certain limits. In this case, the individual frame elements can be movable relative to one another, for example, their alignment relative to one another can be changed.This allows for even better consideration of the shape and contour of the surface on which the base unit is placed. The individual frame elements are provided so that they can be moved relative to one another, particularly so that their alignment can be adjusted, ensuring that the frame elements always rest on the surface.

[0034] According to another embodiment, the base device is designed as a base plate. The base plate, which can also be referred to as a carrier plate, is a flat, planar component.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the base device has a rectangular shape.

[0036] According to one embodiment, at least one receiving device is arranged or formed on the base device, which is designed to receive the foundation device, in particular for individual components of the foundation device.

[0037] For this purpose, the receiving device has at least one receiving element. According to one embodiment, the receiving element is arranged directly on the base device. The foundation device, in particular individual components of the foundation device, are fastened to the receiving element. This is explained in more detail below in connection with the foundation device. According to another embodiment, the receiving device has at least one receiving body, for example a receiving plate, wherein the receiving element is arranged or formed on the receiving body, in particular the receiving plate. The receiving body is / will then be arranged or formed on the base device, for example on the base frame structure, such as a profile element of the base frame structure.

[0038] The support device has at least one receiving device, but can also have two or more receiving devices. If the base device has a rectangular shape, for example, four such receiving devices can be provided, which, according to one embodiment, are each provided in the corner regions of the base device.

[0039] According to one embodiment, the orientation of the receiving element with respect to the base device is variable. This allows the orientation of the foundation device with respect to the base device to be changed. According to one embodiment, the receiving body, in particular the receiving plate, is circular. In this case, the receiving body can function as a flange. According to one embodiment, the receiving body, in particular circular, is arranged rotatably, in particular rotatably within limits, on the base device, for example the base frame structure. If the foundation device is arranged on the receiving body via a receiving element, the orientation of the foundation device, for example corresponding pile elements, in the ground can be set, adapted, and also changed via a rotary movement of the receiving body.In addition, a circular receiving body, in particular a circular receiving plate, can also take on a wheel function if necessary, so that the base device can still be moved after it has been placed.

[0040] The carrying device is explained in more detail below.

[0041] The support device initially comprises the support arrangement, which has the first receptacle for the mast body. According to one embodiment, the support arrangement additionally comprises at least one second receptacle for further components. The support arrangement is generally a structure that serves to receive and support various components. The invention is not limited to specific designs of support arrangements. For example, the support arrangement can be designed as a grating. The components are those components that are required for the intended operation of the mast device, for which the support device serves as a substructure. The components can be, for example, technical components, technical cabinets, components for generating electrical energy, control components, and the like. The support arrangement has corresponding receptacles for the components to be arranged.These are areas that are designed, prepared and coordinated for the attachment of the components.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the support device comprises a support arrangement, wherein a platform is provided, for example arranged or formed, on the support arrangement, in particular detachably, and wherein the platform has the first receptacle for the mast body and optionally a second receptacle for further components. In such a case, the support arrangement serves to hold the platform, in particular detachably, wherein the support arrangement itself can be structurally simple and, if appropriate, small. The platform can be individually varied in size and shape, taking static calculations into account, since it does not constitute a load-bearing element of the mast device. The load-bearing element represents the support arrangement. The platform can, for example, have a length of up to 3 m and a width of up to 2 m, wherein the invention is not limited to concrete numerical specifications.

[0043] According to one embodiment, the support device, in particular the support arrangement, is fixedly connected to the pivoting device. In this case, a rigid connection is implemented, so that the support device, in particular the support arrangement, cannot pivot relative to the pivoting device, and the support device, in particular the support arrangement, and the pivoting device can only be pivoted together.

[0044] According to another embodiment, the support device, in particular the support arrangement, is pivotably connected to the pivoting device with at least one degree of freedom. This means that the support device, in particular the support arrangement, can be pivoted relative to the pivoting device. This can be achieved using a suitable joint device. The number of degrees of freedom indicates the number and type of independent axes of movement of the joint device. If pivoting with one degree of freedom is to be achieved, the joint device can be designed, for example, as a hinge joint or rotary joint. If pivoting with two degrees of freedom is to be achieved, the joint device can be designed, for example, as a saddle joint. If pivoting with three degrees of freedom is to be achieved, the joint device can be designed, for example, as a ball joint.Due to such a pivoting possibility, the support device can also be used on uneven terrain, whereby the mast body can always maintain its optimal alignment.

[0045] The swivel device is explained in more detail below.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the pivoting device comprises a pivoting element. The pivoting element extends at least in a first direction of extent. This can, for example, be an extension in the longitudinal direction, as described in more detail below. According to one embodiment, the first direction of extent corresponds to the direction of the distance between the base device and the support device. According to one embodiment, the pivoting element also extends at least in a second direction of extent that differs from the first direction of extent. This can, for example, be an extension in the width direction.

[0047] The pivoting element is arranged in the first direction of extension with a first end on the base device and with a second end on the support device, in particular the support arrangement. According to one embodiment, the pivoting element is arranged with the first end on the base device via a joint device and is connected, in particular fixedly, to the support device, in particular the support arrangement, via the second end. According to another embodiment, the pivoting element is connected, in particular fixedly, to the base device at the first end and is arranged on the support device, in particular the support arrangement, via the second end via a joint device. According to one embodiment, the pivoting element is arranged with the first end on the base device via a joint device and is arranged with the second end on the support arrangement, in particular the support arrangement, via a joint device.The pivoting element can thus be arranged on the base device and / or on the support device, in particular the support assembly, via at least one joint device with at least one degree of freedom. The joint device can be designed as described above. Due to such a pivoting capability, the support device can also be used on uneven terrain, while the mast body can always maintain its optimal alignment.

[0048] The pivoting element establishes a distance between the base device and the support device. The first direction of extent of the pivoting element lies in the direction of this distance. The pivoting element can be designed in different ways. The pivoting element is, in particular, a rigid structure. The pivoting element is, for example, an elongated component. This has an extent in the first direction of extent in the longitudinal direction that is greater, in particular many times greater, than its extent in the second direction of extent, for example in the cross-sectional direction or width direction. The length of the pivoting element determines the distance between the base device and the support device. The pivoting element can, for example, have a length of 1 m to 2 m, whereby the invention is not limited to specific size specifications.Of course, it is also possible that the extension of the pivoting element in the second extension direction is greater than its extension in the first extension direction.

[0049] The pivot element can be, for example, a profile element or a plate element. The pivot element can also be designed as a leg element or a shaft element. The pivot element can also be, for example, a lever element, such as a one-sided lever element. With a one-sided lever element, both the load and the force are on the same side, as seen from the pivot point. In such a case, the pivot point is, for example, the joint connection between the pivot element and the base device.

[0050] According to another embodiment, the pivoting element is designed as an elongated component with two ends. According to one exemplary embodiment, the pivoting element is arranged or formed in the first direction of extent with one end fixedly attached to the support device, in particular the support arrangement, and protrudes from that surface of the support device, in particular the support arrangement, which faces the base device, in the direction of the base device, preferably perpendicularly. The pivoting element is arranged with the other end pivotably attached to the base device via at least one joint device. According to another exemplary embodiment, the pivoting element is arranged or formed in the first direction of extent with one end fixedly attached to the base device and protrudes from that surface of the base device which faces the support device, in particular the support arrangement, in the direction of the support device, preferably perpendicularly.The pivot element is pivotally mounted on the support device, in particular the day assembly, with its other end via at least one joint device. According to another embodiment, the pivot element is pivotally mounted on the base device with its one end via at least one joint device. The pivot element is pivotally mounted on the support device, in particular the support assembly, with its other end via at least one joint device. This enables very precise fine adjustment of the support device. In a pivot zero position, the support device and the base device are then aligned parallel to one another.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the pivoting device is provided for pivoting the support device, in particular continuously, relative to the base device within a defined angular range. This enables flexible adaptation, for example, to steep terrain and railway embankments. The present invention is not limited to specific angular ranges. According to one embodiment, the support device is continuously adjustable up to 40 degrees.

[0052] According to one embodiment, the carrying device has at least one, in particular length-adjustable, fixing element, which is provided for fixing the carrying device, in particular the carrying arrangement, in a defined pivoting position relative to the base device. Once the carrying device has been pivoted into a desired position relative to the base device via the pivoting device, the fixing element serves to hold and fix the carrying device in this pivoting position. Preferably, two or more such fixing elements, for example four fixing elements, can be provided. The invention is not limited to a specific number of fixing elements. The fixing elements can be designed, for example, as a, in particular length-adjustable, rod or chain element, or the like.The at least one fixing element can be arranged with a first end on the base device and with a second end on the support device, in particular the support arrangement.

[0053] The foundation setup is explained in more detail below.

[0054] As mentioned at the beginning, a good foundation for the mast assembly is of great importance. Challenges often arise in the area surrounding the mast assembly, for example, due to the terrain, the mast assembly's location near railway tracks, and so on. Therefore, special attention must be paid to the foundation assembly.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the foundation structure is designed as a pile foundation structure. Pile foundation structures are already known in the prior art. They allow the loads of the support structure and the mast structure to be transferred into deeper, load-bearing soil layers. Non- or poorly load-bearing soil layers are bridged with piles. In a pile foundation, piles are drilled or driven into the subsoil until a sufficiently load-bearing soil or rock layer is reached. The loads of the support structure and the mast structure are then transferred partly through the friction of the pile with the subsoil, which is referred to as skin friction, and partly through the tip pressure of the piles.

[0056] According to one embodiment, the foundation device has at least one, preferably two or more pile elements. According to one embodiment, the foundation device has four such pile elements. According to one embodiment, the pile element(s) is / are arranged on the base device. Preferably, the pile elements are detachably arranged on the base device, for example by means of a screw connection. The connection is preferably made via the receiving device(s) assigned to the base device. According to one embodiment, each pile element is fastened to the base device via a receiving device assigned to it, i.e. via the corresponding receiving element of the receiving device. If the base device has a rectangular shape, the receiving devices are located, for example, in the corner regions of the rectangular structure.The pile elements extend downwards from the base structure, for example, from the corners of the base structure, into the ground. If the orientation of the support structures relative to the base structure can be changed, the orientation of the pile elements relative to the base structure can also be changed. This will be explained in more detail below using an example.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the pile elements are designed as so-called micropile elements. Micropile elements are suitable as foundation bodies for transferring compressive, tensile, and alternating loads for the support structure and the mast structure. They transfer the loads into the subsoil, for example, via skin friction. In mast structures, tensile and compressive forces, shear forces, as well as bending and torsional moments, often occur simultaneously. The micropile elements, especially a group of two or more micropile elements, absorb these loads and transfer them into the soil. Micropile elements have high load-bearing capacities and only minimal deformation. Micropile elements can also be used in confined spaces.

[0058] The use of pile elements, especially micropile elements, as foundations enables environmentally friendly foundations without significant environmental impact. The foundation can also be easily adapted to different terrain. A railway embankment, for example, will not be damaged by the foundation. The mast structure can therefore be built very close to railway tracks. The use of micropile elements, for example, eliminates the need for extensive interventions in the compression zone of tracks. In addition to the effect that the existing soil structure is hardly disturbed, the faster construction process can reduce operational impacts by over 75% compared to individual foundations.

[0059] According to one embodiment, the pile elements, which are in particular bored piles, have an outer diameter of 40 mm and an inner diameter of 20 mm, i.e., a wall thickness of 10 mm. The material of the pile elements is, for example, steel, in particular fine-grain structural steel.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the pile element has a pile head, wherein the pile head is arranged, in particular detachably, on the base device, preferably on a receiving device of the base device. For example, the detachable connection can be a screw connection.

[0061] According to one embodiment, the at least one pile element is part of a grouted anchor device. The grouted anchor device is formed from the pile element and a grout body surrounding the pile element. The grout body is formed, for example, around the pile element and is made of a cement suspension. Preferably, the pile elements are grouted with a cement suspension along their entire length. The cement suspension encases the pile elements. This forms a grout body with a high shear bond to the ground. The grout body improves load transfer into the subsoil because a positive interlocking of the pile element with the subsoil is formed. The cement suspension ensures the force transmission to the underlying soil and provides permanent corrosion protection.

[0062] According to one embodiment, the at least one pile element is formed from at least one pile element module. The length of the piles can be varied as needed by coupling individual pile element modules, for example, via suitable coupling elements, such as coupling sleeves. According to one embodiment, a pile element consists of two or more pile element modules that are connected to one another via suitable coupling elements.

[0063] According to one embodiment, the orientation of the foundation device, in particular the orientation of the pile elements, is variable relative to the base device. This allows an inclination of the foundation device, in particular the pile elements, relative to the base device. According to one embodiment, the foundation device, in particular the pile elements, is / are fixedly arranged on the receiving device of the base device, for example via their pile heads. To achieve a variable orientation of the foundation device, the orientation of the receiving device is then changed relative to the base device, for example by rotating the receiving element and / or the receiving body.

[0064] According to one embodiment, at least one pile element has a particularly variable inclination relative to the direction of the plumb line emanating from the base device. The plumb line is perpendicular to the surface defined by the base device. For example, the plumb line corresponds to the direction of the normal force emanating from the base device. Such an inclination of the pile elements can further improve the transfer of loads from the support device and the mast structure into the subsoil.

[0065] Surprisingly, it was found that particularly good results are achieved with an inclination of the pile elements in a range of greater than 0 to 10%, preferably 3 to 7%, preferably 5%, or that when the pile element is aligned at an angle of greater than 0 to 15 degrees with respect to the direction of the plumb line.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the upper end region of the at least one pile element facing the base device is surrounded by a tubular element. The tubular element serves, in particular, to stabilize the borehole.

[0067] According to one embodiment, the foundation structure comprises at least one shear pin element, which preferably projects vertically downwards from the base structure, i.e., into the subsoil. The shear pin element, also referred to as a shear force pin element, can absorb and dissipate shear forces particularly effectively. The shear pin element can be designed as a ramming tube or ramming profile element. It is connected, in particular detachably, to the base structure, for example, by screwing. If such a shear pin element is used, the inclined positioning of the pile elements as described above can be dispensed with if necessary.

[0068] According to one embodiment, the foundation device, in particular the at least one pile element, is detachably connected, in particular screwed, to the base device, in particular to a receiving device associated with the pile element. The direct screw connection of the foundation device to the base device not only promotes efficiency in the construction process but also contributes to the stability of the mast device.

[0069] According to the second aspect of the invention, a mast device is provided which has the features of independent claim 13.

[0070] The mast device has a mast body that is arranged, in particular detachably, on a support device according to the first aspect of the invention via a mast base, or is formed on such a support device. To avoid repetition, reference is therefore made here in full to the explanations regarding the first aspect of the invention with regard to its structure and function.

[0071] According to one embodiment, the mast device is a transmission mast or radio mast as described above, in particular a mobile radio mast.

[0072] The mast body, for example, consists of two or more mast modules that are connected to each other, particularly detachably. This allows the mast body to be conveniently and easily adjusted to the desired height.

[0073] The mast body preferably has one or more receiving devices for additional components, particularly in an upper end region. Alternatively, such receiving devices are formed on the mast body. The components required for the intended operation of the mast device can be arranged on the mast body via the receiving devices. These include, for example, components for connectivity, transmission technology components, mobile communications technology components, and the like.

[0074] According to the third aspect of the invention, a method for assembling a mast device is provided, which has the features of independent claim 14. The mast device is assembled using a support device according to the first aspect of the invention. To avoid repetition, reference is therefore made here to the explanations of the first aspect of the invention with regard to the functionality. The method is characterized by the following steps: a) First, the base device, which is provided for supporting the support device on a subsurface, is placed on the subsurface. b) The base device is anchored in the subsurface via the foundation device. According to one embodiment, this is done via the pile elements, which according to one embodiment have or experience an inclination with respect to the base device. c) The support device for the mast body is brought into a supporting position by actuating the pivoting device. According to one embodiment, the support device is pivoted relative to the base device via the pivoting device until the support device has an optimal orientation for supporting the mast body, for example a horizontal orientation. This orientation is referred to as the supporting position.Once the support device has assumed the carrying position, it is secured, preferably in the carrying position, using the securing elements, for example. d) The mast body is then attached to the support device in the carrying position. If the mast body consists of individual mast modules, these modules can be gradually assembled onto the support device, for example, using a suitable load-lifting device.

[0075] It is also conceivable for the mast body to first be positioned on the support device, and for the support device and mast body to then be moved into the support position by means of the pivoting device. According to another embodiment, the last two method steps c) and d) can therefore also be performed in reverse order. This means that the mast body is first positioned on the support device. The support device is then moved into the day position.

[0076] It may also happen that during later operation of the mast device the carrying position is changed by operating the swivel device, for example for adjustment purposes.

[0077] In principle, the sequence of the individual process steps is not mandatory. Alternatively, the mast body can be attached to the support structure first (step d), followed by the base structure on the ground (step a) and anchored to the foundation structure (step b). The support structure is then aligned into a supporting position (step c).

[0078] According to the fourth aspect of the invention, a support device according to the first aspect of the invention is used to support a mast body of a transmission mast, for example, a radio mast or mobile phone mast. Alternatively, a mast device according to the second aspect of the invention is used as a transmission mast, for example, a radio mast or mobile phone mast.

[0079] According to one embodiment, the uses according to the invention, as well as the assembly method according to the invention, take place in the area of tracks and track beds.

[0080] The invention will now be explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 3 show various views of a mast assembly, consisting of a mast body and support structure; Figures 4 to 7 show various detailed views of the support structure without the foundation structure; and Figures 8 and 9 show various detailed views of the foundation structure of the support structure.

[0081] The figures depict both a mast assembly and a support assembly, with the support assembly serving to accommodate a mast body. The mast assembly is a transmission mast or radio mast, in particular a mobile phone mast, used in the vicinity of railway tracks.

[0082] Based on the Figures 1 to 3 First, the basic structure of the mast device is presented and described, while the Figures 4 to 9 the structure of the carrying device is shown and described in detail.

[0083] The Figures 1 to 3show different views of the mast device 10, which is designed as a transmission mast 10a.

[0084] The mast device 10 consists of the mast body 11, which is composed of a number of mast modules 12. The mast modules 12 are detachably connected to one another. A series of components 15 are arranged at the upper end region 14 of the mast body 11. These components are required for the intended operation of the mast device 10, for example, components for connectivity, transmission technology components, mobile communications technology components, and the like. The mast body 11 is attached to the support device 40 of the support device 20 via the mast base 13. The support device 20 represents the substructure of the mast device 10.

[0085] The support device 20 has a base device 30, via which the support device 20 is positioned on the ground 18 next to a track bed 19. The base device 30 forms the foundation on which the other components of the support device 20 are supported.

[0086] A second component of the support device 20 is formed by the support mechanism 40. In addition to supporting the mast body 11, the support mechanism 20 also serves to support other components of the mast device 10, such as technical components 16, technical cabinets 17, and the like.

[0087] Between the base device 30 and the support device 40 is a pivoting device 50, by means of which the support device 40 is pivotally connected to the base device 30. The pivoting device 50 enables the support device 20 to be used even on uneven terrain, while the mast body 11 can always maintain its optimal alignment. For example, the base device 30 is placed on an uneven surface 18. By actuating the pivoting device 50, the support device 40 is pivoted into the position required for the mast body 11, for example, into a horizontal or level position.

[0088] Furthermore, the support device 20 has a foundation device 60, with which the support device 20 is anchored to the ground. The foundation device is arranged, in particular detachably, on the base device 30.

[0089] Based on the Figures 4 to 9 The individual components of the support device 20 are now described in detail.

[0090] Based on the Figures 4 to 7 First, the base device 30, the support device 40 and the pivoting device 50 of the support device 20 are explained in more detail. Figures 4 to 7 show various views of the support device 20. The figures show that the subsoil 18 has a gradient compared to the track bed 19, which must be compensated for by the support device 20 so that the support device 40 is aligned horizontally.

[0091] The support device 20 is supported on the ground 18 via the base device 30. The base device 30 is designed as a base frame structure 31 having a number of frame elements 31a, 31b that are adjacent to one another. The frame elements 31a, 31b are designed differently in this embodiment, but this is not absolutely necessary. The frame elements 31a are designed as a first type of profile element, while the frame elements 31b are designed as another type of round profile element. The frame elements 31a, 31b are assembled to form the base frame structure 31, which has an overall rectangular shape. In the frame corner regions 32, there are a total of four receiving devices 33, which are designed to receive the foundation device 60. Each receiving device 33 has a circular receiving plate 33a, on which a respective receiving element 33b is provided.This is done in connection with the foundation device 60 using the . Figures 8 and 9 Explained in more detail below. The orientation of the receiving element 33b relative to the base device 30 is variable. This is achieved by rotating the receiving plate 33a in the desired manner. The receiving plate 33a is then fixed in the desired orientation, for example, by means of a screw connection.

[0092] The support device 40 of the support apparatus 20 has a support arrangement 41, which can be, for example, a lattice structure. A platform 42 is arranged, particularly detachably, on the support arrangement 41. The platform 42 has a first receptacle 43 for the mast base of the mast body and a second receptacle 44 for additional components. The additional components are those components that are required for the intended operation of the mast device 10, for which the support device 20 serves as a substructure. The components can be, for example, technical components 16, technical cabinets 17, and the like. To protect the operating personnel, the support device 40 has a railing 45. The support device 40 can be reached from the ground via a ladder 46.

[0093] The support device 40 is connected to the base device 30 via a pivoting device 50. The pivoting device 50 has a pivoting element 51 in the form of a pivoting plate. As shown in particular in Figure 6As can be seen, the pivot element 51 has a first extension direction 51c, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is the extension direction in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the pivot element 51 has a second extension direction 51d, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is the extension direction in the width direction. The extension in the first extension direction 51c is greater in the exemplary embodiment shown than the extension in the second extension direction 51d. The pivot element 51 is arranged on the base device 30 at its first end 51a via two joint devices 52 so that it can pivot in the first extension direction 51c. At its other second end 51b, the pivot element 51 is fixedly, i.e. rigidly, connected to the support arrangement 41.The pivoting device 50 is provided for pivoting the support device 40, in particular continuously, relative to the base device 30 within a defined angular range of, for example, up to 40 degrees. This enables flexible adaptation, for example, to steep terrain and railway embankments.

[0094] On uneven ground 18 or on a slope, it is necessary that the mast body 11 always maintains its optimal alignment, particularly vertically. To achieve this, the support device 40, in particular the platform 42, must be aligned as horizontally as possible. This is achieved by pivoting the support device 40 into the horizontal position by pivoting the pivot element 51 about the joint devices 52.

[0095] To ensure that the support device 40 can be held in this position, the support device 20 has four length-adjustable fixing elements 53, which are provided for fixing the support device 40 in a defined pivot position relative to the base device 30. The fixing elements 53 are each arranged with a first end 53a on the base device 30 and with a second end 53b on the support device 40.

[0096] Based on the Figures 8 and 9 The foundation device 60 of the support device 20 will now be described in detail. The remaining components of the support device 20, namely the support device 40, the pivoting device 50 with the pivoting element 51, the joint device 52 and the fixing elements 53, as well as the base device 30, are only shown schematically in these figures. In this regard, reference is made to the explanations regarding the Figures 4 to 7These components are located above the subgrade 18 next to the track bed 19. The foundation structure 60 extends below the subgrade 18 into the ground 18a.

[0097] The foundation structure 60 is designed as a pile foundation structure 60a. In the example shown, this consists of four pile elements 61, each designed as a micropile element. Micropile elements are suitable as foundation bodies for transferring compressive, tensile, and alternating loads for the support structure 20 and the mast structure 10. They transfer the loads into the soil 18a, for example, via skin friction.

[0098] The pile elements 61 are detachably arranged on the base device 30, for example by means of a screw connection. The connection is made via the receiving devices 33 of the base device 30. Each pile element 61 has a pile head 62. Each pile head 62 is connected to a receiving element 33b of a receiving device 33. If the base device 30 has a rectangular shape, as shown, the receiving devices 33 are located in the corner regions of the rectangular structure. The pile elements 61 then protrude from the corners of the base device 30 downwards into the soil 18a. If the orientation of the receiving devices 33 with respect to the base device 30 can be changed, the orientation of the pile elements 61 with respect to the base device 30 can also be changed.

[0099] The pile elements 61 are each part of a grout anchor assembly. The grout anchor assembly is formed from the pile element 61 and a grout body 67 surrounding the pile element 61. The grout body 67 is formed around the pile element 61 and is made of a cement suspension. This creates a grout body 67 with a high shear bond to the ground.

[0100] In the example shown, the pile elements 61 are each formed from two pile element modules 61a, 61b, which are coupled to one another via suitable coupling elements 61c.

[0101] The pile elements 61 are inclined relative to the direction of the vertical line 65 extending from the base device 30. Such an inclined position of the pile elements 61 can further improve the transfer of loads from the support device 20 and the mast device 10 into the ground 18a.

[0102] The upper end region 66 of the pile elements 61 facing the base device 30 is surrounded by a tubular element 63 which serves to stabilize the borehole.

[0103] Furthermore, the foundation device 60 has at least one shear pin element 64, which projects vertically downwards from the base device 30 into the ground 18a. The shear pin element 64 can absorb and dissipate transverse forces in a particularly good manner. List of reference symbols

[0104] 10Mast device 10aTransmission mast 11Mast body 12Mast module 13Mast base 14Upper end of the mast body 15Component (transmission components) 16Component (technical component) 17Component (technical cabinet) 18Subsurface 18aSoil 19Track bed 20Carrying device 30Base device 31Base frame structure 31aFrame element 31bFrame element 32Frame corner area 33Receiving device 33aReceiving body (receiving plate) 33bReceiving element 40Supporting device 41Supporting arrangement 42Platform 43First receptacle for the mast body 44Second receptacle for components 45Railing 46Ladder 50Pivoting device 51Pivoting element 51aFirst end of the pivoting element 51bSecond end of the pivoting element 51cFirst extension direction 51dSecond extension direction 52Articulating device 53Fixing element 53aFirst end of the fixing element 53bSecond end of the fixing element 60Foundation device 60aPile foundation device 61Pile element 61aPile element module 61bPile element module 61cCoupling element 62Pile head 63Pipe element 64Shear dowel element 65Direction of the plumb line of the base device 66Upper end area of the pile element 67Grouting body

Claims

1. Supporting device (20) which is provided for receiving a mast body (11), comprising a base device (30) which forms the supporting substructure of the supporting device (20) and which is provided for supporting the supporting device (20) on a base (18), a supporting device (40) for the mast body (11), which has a supporting arrangement (41) which provides a first receptacle (43) for the mast body (11), a pivoting device (50) by means of which the supporting device (40) is pivotally connected to the base device (30), the pivoting device (50) comprising a pivoting element (51) which extends in a first extension direction (51c) and which is arranged in the first extension direction (51c) with a first end (51a) on the base device (30) and with a second end (51b) on the supporting device (40), and a foundation device (60) which is arranged on the base device (30), in particular detachable, is arranged or designed.

2. Carrying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base device (30) is designed as a base frame structure (31) which is formed from a number of frame elements (31a, 31b) which are adjacent to one another.

3. Carrying device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one receiving device (33) is arranged or formed on the base device (30), which has at least one receiving element (33b) which is designed to receive the foundation device (60), or that the receiving device (33) has at least one receiving body (33a) on which a receiving element (33b) is arranged or formed which is designed to receive the foundation device (60).

4. Carrying device according to claim 3, characterized in that the orientation of the receiving element (33b) with respect to the base device (30) is variable.

5. Carrying device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in thatthe support arrangement (41) of the support device (40) has the first receptacle (43) for the mast body (11) and at least one second receptacle (44) for further components (16, 17), or that a platform (42) is provided, in particular detachably, on the support arrangement (41) of the support device (40), and that the platform (42) has the first receptacle (43) for the mast body (11), and optionally at least one second receptacle (44) for further components (16, 17).

6. Carrying device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pivoting element (51) of the pivoting device (50) is selected from the group consisting of profile element, plate element, leg element, shaft element, lever element.

7. Carrying device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in thatthe pivoting device (50) is provided for pivoting, in particular continuously, the support device (40) in relation to the base device (30) in a defined angular range, optionally in an angular range of up to 40 degrees.

8. Carrying device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the carrying device (20) has at least one, in particular length-variable, fixing element (53) which is provided for fixing the carrying device (40) in a defined pivoting position in relation to the base device (30).

9. Carrying device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the foundation device (60) is designed as a pile foundation device (60a).

10. Carrying device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in thatthe foundation device (60) has at least one, preferably two or more pile elements (61), and that the at least one pile element (61) is arranged, in particular detachably, on the base device (30), preferably on a receiving device (33) of the base device (30).

11. Carrying device according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that at least one pile element (61) has an inclination, preferably of up to 15 degrees, with respect to the direction of the plumb line (65) emanating from the base device (30).

12. Carrying device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the foundation device (60) has at least one shear pin element (64) which projects downwards, preferably vertically, from the base device (30).

13. Mast device (10), which is designed in particular to provide a transmission mast (10a), with a mast body (11) which is arranged via a mast base (13), in particular detachably, on a support device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 12, or is designed on such a support device (20).

14. A method for assembling a mast device (10) using a support device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by the following steps: a) placing the base device (30), which is provided for supporting the support device (20) on a base (18), on the base (18); b) anchoring the base device (30) in the base (18) via the foundation device (60); c) aligning the support device (40) for the mast body (11) in a support position by actuating the pivoting device (50), d) in the support position, arranging a mast body (11) on the support device (40).

15. Use of a support device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 12 for receiving the mast body (11) of a transmission mast (10a), or use of a mast device (10) according to claim 13 as a transmission mast (10a).

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