Charging device

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging device for electric vehicles, having a rocker (2) which is movable relative to electrical contact surfaces (3, 4) on a top side of the vehicle (1), wherein the rocker (2) has a central upright rocker carrier (6) in a central vertical plane V with a rocker bar bearing (8) to which a rocker bar (7) has been attached so as to be rotatable in a horizontal plane, the rocker bar (7) having two rocker levers (9, 10) on opposite sides of the vertical plane V, wherein contact rail carriers (11, 12) have been attached to each rocker lever (9, 10) via upper pivot bearings (13, 14) that are rotatable in a horizontal plane, wherein the contact rail carriers (11, 12) each carry contact rails (15, 16), wherein the contact rail carriers (11, 12) are guided via guide members (17, 18) with respect to the rocker carrier (6), the guide members (17, 18) being connected rotatably in a horizontal plane to the rocker carrier (6) via an inner guide member bearing (24, 25) on one side and to the contact rail carrier (11, 12) via a lower pivot bearing (19, 20) on the other side, wherein a distance between an upper pivot bearing (13, 14) and a lower pivot bearing (19, 20) of a contact rail carrier (11, 12) is greater than a distance between the rocker bar bearing (8) and each of the guide member bearings (24, 25).

Description

[0001] Charging device

[0002] The invention relates to a charging device for electric vehicles with a rocker that is movable relative to electrical contact surfaces on the top of the vehicle.

[0003] EP 3 568 313 B1 discloses a generic charging device with a contact unit for a charging station of an electrically powered vehicle, in particular for electric buses or the like. The contact unit is arranged above a vehicle for charging. By means of the contact unit, electrical charging contacts of the contact unit can be moved relative to contact surfaces of the vehicle and can be contacted with them. The contact unit has at least two charging contact carriers, each with at least two charging contacts arranged thereon. The charging contact carriers are connected to one another via a parallel linkage of the contact unit with two parallel connecting rods and with two parallel support rods. The support rods are each connected to the connecting rods in two mutually parallel planes of movement via spaced-apart connecting joints. They form a parallelogram with the connecting rods.The connecting rods are connected to a base support of the contact unit via two spaced-apart support joints in a support plane running parallel and centrically to the planes of movement. The charging contact supports are each connected to the support rod via a pivot joint. The pivot joints are arranged orthogonally relative to the connecting joints. The charging contact supports each hold the charging contacts coaxially relative to the rotation axis. The contact force at the contact surfaces should be kept as constant as possible. This is achieved using a double rocker in the shape of a parallelogram.

[0004] Such loading devices can also be used, for example, for loading watercraft, especially ferries. However, watercraft experience significant rolling motions. This particularly applies to rolling motions in the direction of travel, which can also occur in a similar way in land vehicles, such as buses that are lowered on one side to facilitate boarding and disembarking.

[0005] The electrical contact surfaces on the top of the vehicle are arranged at a certain distance from the vehicle roof so that a charging device does not touch the top of the vehicle even if the vehicle rolls slightly. Since the vehicle is not always positioned exactly below the charging station and may also move slightly sideways, the contact rails of the charging device must be a certain length to compensate for these lateral deviations. However, the longer the contact rails of the charging device, the greater the risk that the ends of the contact rails will be below a minimum distance from the roof or even touch the roof. Mounting the roof-side contact surfaces at a greater distance from the roof is generally not an option because this would increase the overall height of the vehicle.

[0006] The invention is based on the object of providing a charging device for electric vehicles in which the risk of unwanted contact of the charging device with the roof of the vehicle is reduced when the vehicle performs a rolling movement.

[0007] This object is achieved in a charging device for electric vehicles with the features of patent claim 1. The invention is advantageously further developed in the subclaims.

[0008] The charging device for electric vehicles according to the invention has a rocker that is movable relative to the electrical contact surfaces on the top side of the vehicle. The charging device itself can be part of a stationary charging station to which the electric vehicle, e.g. a land vehicle or watercraft, is brought up. The charging device can also be designed such that it is brought up to the electric vehicle or can be moved into the desired position relative to the vehicle. For this purpose, the charging device can be guided on rails or can be brought up to the electric vehicle without being tied to rails. The charging device serves to transmit electrical energy, in particular to charge the vehicle's electrical storage devices, for example when a bus stops at a bus stop or is in a depot, or on ships that are moored at a jetty.For this purpose, the charging device is connected to an electrical supply network. The arrangement is suitable for transmitting direct current, e.g., for buses, as well as alternating current, e.g., for ferry applications.

[0009] To compensate for relative movements of the contact surfaces in the vertical direction, the invention uses a rocker with at least two contact rails, which compensates for rolling movements of the vehicle during contact with roof-side contact surfaces. The invention is based on the vehicle-side contact surfaces being essentially rigid and, in this sense, fixedly arranged on the vehicle. The contact rails of the charging device are adjusted in accordance with the movement of the vehicle. For this purpose, the rocker according to the invention has a central, upright rocker support which carries a rocker beam. The rocker beam is mounted on the rocker support in a rocker beam bearing, such that the rocker beam is mounted so as to be rotatable about a horizontal plane. The rocker support is located in a central vertical plane of the rocker and divides the rocker beam into two rocker levers on opposite sides of the vertical plane.A contact rail support is attached to each of the rocker arms. They are attached via upper pivot bearings, which can also rotate in a horizontal plane. The contact rail supports each carry contact rails for contacting the electrical contact surfaces on the top of the vehicle. The contact rail supports are guided relative to the rocker arm via guide links. The guide links are in particular rods or struts, which are connected on the one hand to the rocker arm via an inner guide link bearing and on the other hand to the contact rail supports via a lower pivot bearing. These bearings can also be rotated in a horizontal plane. In this way, a crank rocker is formed on each side of the vertical plane, with the rocker arm forming the frame for one rocker arm and one guide link, with the rocker arm and the guide link guiding the contact rail support, which can be referred to as a coupling.The two four-bar linkages on either side of the vertical plane move in opposite directions due to their connection via the rocker beam. The arrangement of the pivot joints is particularly symmetrical with respect to the central vertical plane.

[0010] The special feature of the loading device according to the invention is that the distance between an upper pivot bearing and a lower pivot bearing of a contact rail support is significantly greater than the distance between the rocker beam bearing and the guide link bearings. Derived from the concepts of a linkage mechanism, the distance between the bearing points on the frame is smaller than the length of the link. This ensures that the contact rail supports each follow the movement of a trajectory curve in which the contact rail supports are parallel to one another at most in the initial position, i.e., with the rocker beam horizontal, but are otherwise non-parallel to one another and change their angular position with respect to the vertical plane (xz plane).

[0011] If, for example, a bus is lowered on one side near a bus stop, the roof-side contact surfaces are also tilted. A loading device with the rocker according to the invention, which is pressed against the contact surfaces, will follow the movement of the contact surfaces. According to the double lever principle, one of the rocker levers is lowered and the other rocker lever is raised. This pivoting leads to a displacement of the contact rail supports, whereby the lower end of the contact rail support that is moved downwards is simultaneously displaced towards the central vertical plane, i.e. also horizontally. The contact rail attached to the lower end of the contact rail support is thereby pivoted. The inner end of the contact rail, which is adjacent to the rocker support, is raised, the outer end is lowered. At the second rocker lever, the situation is exactly the opposite.As a result, the angular position of the contact rails relative to the horizontal essentially corresponds to the angular position of the rocker arm. The inner end of the lowered contact rail, which was raised by the pivoting, is therefore at a greater distance from the vehicle roof. This reduces the risk of contact with the vehicle roof. Put simply, the contact rails are essentially parallel to the vehicle roof when the vehicle's inclination changes due to rolling. This consciously accepts that the point of contact between the contact rail and the electrical contact surface on the vehicle also shifts slightly horizontally and that the contact forces on the contact surfaces are not 100% identical; however, these effects are subordinate to the advantage of being able to compensate for larger rolling movements.The advantages of the invention are particularly evident when the distance between the lower pivot bearing and the upper pivot bearing, i.e., the length of the coupling, is at least twice as large as the distance between the rocker beam bearing and the guide link bearings, i.e., the distance between the fixed bearings on the frame. The adaptation is even better when the distance is at least three times as large, in particular 3.1 to 3.5 times.

[0012] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the guide member bearings are arranged at a horizontal distance from one another and are each located on one side of the vertical plane, wherein said distance is smaller than the distance between the rocker beam bearings and the guide member bearings. The invention therefore assumes that the guide member bearings are not located in the region of the central vertical plane, but at a horizontal distance from the vertical plane. According to the invention, this distance does not have to be particularly large, but is preferably not larger and in particular equal to or smaller than the distance between the rocker beam bearing and the guide member bearing. Since the distance between the rocker beam bearing and the guide member bearing is less than half or less than a third of the distance between the pivot bearings anyway, the horizontal distance between the guide member bearings is also comparatively small.

[0013] Finally, an advantageous development of the invention provides that the distance between the pivot points of a contact rail support is greater than 70% of the distance between the contact rail and the upper pivot bearing. For example, the distance between the pivot points can be 140 mm, while the distance between the upper pivot point and the underside of the contact rail is 195 mm. In this case, the ratio is 0.72:1.

[0014] The charging device according to the invention is characterized primarily by the kinematics of the rocker. The charging device can certainly have more than one pair of contact rails for energy transmission, for example, two pairs of contact rails, so that two contact rails are arranged on each contact rail support. These two rails on a contact rail support can themselves be pivoted relative to each other about a pivot axis, which, however, is at a 90° angle to the other rotation axes mentioned above. Rolling movements about two axes can be compensated for via these additional bearings.

[0015] The charging device according to the invention can be displaced into the desired position horizontally and vertically via a support structure. The contact surfaces on the upper side of the vehicle are preferably also rail-shaped or strip-shaped and run in particular transversely to the contact rails of the charging device. Contact is established in the node region of the vehicle-side contact surfaces and the contact rails on the charging device. The displacement of the charging device to establish contact can be pneumatically, hydraulically, or electrically. Contact forces can be limited by springs or spring devices, in particular mechanical and / or pneumatic ones. The charging device is not limited to specific designs of support structures or kinematic principles or means for relative movement with respect to the vehicle.The means for relative movement of the loading device can be coupled to a positioning device that moves the loading device automatically, semi-automatically, or manually into the desired position and then removes it from this loading position. The rocker can have means for holding the rocker bar in a zero position.

[0016] The charging device according to the invention is in particular a component of a stationary charging station for electrically powered vehicles, in particular watercraft such as ferries or also for land vehicles such as electric buses.

[0017] When the charging device is used, it is moved relative to the electrical contact surface on the top of the vehicle and brought into contact with the contact surfaces. To compensate for vertical height shifts of the contact surfaces, a rocker with a central upright rocker support is brought to the top of the vehicle in a central vertical plane in such a way that a rocker beam, which is attached to a rocker beam bearing so that it can rotate in the horizontal plane, is deflected so that its two rocker levers, which are located on opposite sides of the vertical plane, are pivoted into the desired position. On each rocker lever there is a contact rail support, which is also connected to the respective rocker lever via upper pivot bearings which can rotate in the horizontal plane. The contact rail supports each carry contact rails for contacting the contact surfaces. If a first contact surface, iean upper or higher contact surface is touched, the contact rail on the loading device side is pushed upwards. The rocker arm is pivoted. At the same time, the contact rail on the other rocker lever is pressed downwards. Guide links serve to guide the contact rail support relative to the rocker support. The guide links are connected to the rocker support via the inner guide link bearing on the one hand and to the contact rail support via a lower pivot bearing on the other hand, so that they can rotate in a horizontal plane. The distance between an upper pivot bearing and a lower pivot bearing of a contact rail support is chosen to be greater than the distance between the rocker arm bearing and each of the guide link bearings. As a result, the individual contact rail supports are not moved parallel and are each at an acute angle to the central rocker support, which is arranged upright, i.e. vertically.In the device according to the invention, the rocker support is not pivoted, but only the contact rail supports, which are at an angle to the rocker support. The contact rails attached to the contact rail supports are pivoted in the same way, namely so that they are essentially parallel to the rocker beam. This reduces or eliminates the risk of the ends of the contact rails touching the vehicle roof when the vehicle rolls. Lower contact surfaces can be implemented on the vehicle side without compromising safety. The permissible overall height of a vehicle, e.g., a bus, can be better utilized.

[0018] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the schematic drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a vehicle;

[0020] Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a charging device according to the

[0021] State of the art;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an inventive

[0023] Charging device and

[0024] Figure 4 shows the loading device of Figure 3 in different positions.

[0025] Figure 1 shows a vehicle 1, in this case a ship. The movements around the indicated X-axis are referred to as rolling motion. They occur not only in watercraft due to weather conditions and loads, i.e. even when the watercraft is moored, but also in land vehicles, e.g. buses. In particular, buses are lowered on one side at stops to make boarding easier. In electric vehicles, such as ships or land vehicles, it is known to provide options for coupling a charging device to the vehicle 1 for energy transfer on top of the vehicle 1.

[0026] Figure 2 shows a prior art rocker 2 as a component of a charging device (not shown in detail). The charging device has, in particular, electrical supply lines for energy transmission. Furthermore, the rocker is mounted on a support structure and can be moved into the desired position relative to the vehicle in order to connect it to electrical contact surfaces 3, 4, which, according to the example in Figure 2, are attached to a roof 5 of the vehicle. The coordinate system of Figure

[0027] 1 has been incorporated into Figure 2. It can be seen that the roof 5 is inclined by an angle W1 of, for example, 10°. This corresponds to a rolling movement around the X-axis. The electrical contact surfaces are contact rails which run in the X-direction, i.e. in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Due to the inclination by the angle W1 in a counterclockwise direction or the slanted position of the roof surface 5, a right-hand contact surface 4 is higher than the left-hand contact surface 3 in the image plane. According to the prior art, it is known to use rockers to compensate for the different heights of the contact surfaces 4 caused by the rolling of the vehicle. The rocker 2 shown has a central rocker support 6 which is arranged essentially upright. The rocker support 6 is shown purely schematically. It can be attached to a supporting structure. The rocker support is brought into the desired position between the two contact surfaces 3, 4 above the roof 5.For contact or charging, the rocker support 6 is lowered until a first component of the rocker 2 touches the higher contact surface 4. The rocker.

[0028] 2 has a rocker beam 7, which is mounted on the rocker support 6 via a rocker beam bearing 8 so that it can rotate in a horizontal plane. The rocker beam bearing 8 divides the rocker beam 7 into a left rocker lever 9 and a right rocker lever 10. Contact rail supports 11, 12 are arranged at the ends of the rocker levers 9, 10 and the rocker beam 7, respectively. The contact rail supports 11, 12 and the rocker support are located in three parallel planes, with the rocker support 6 being located in a central vertical plane V. The contact rail supports 11, 12 are each connected to the rocker beam 7 via upper pivot bearings 13, 14 so that they can also rotate about a horizontal plane. The contact rail supports 11, 12 each carry contact rails 15, 16 at their lower ends, which extend in the Y direction, ie essentially at right angles to the contact surfaces 3, 4. The contact rail supports 11, 12 are guided via guide members 17, 18.The guide links 17, 18 are connected to the contact rail supports 11, 12 via lower pivot bearings 19, 20, each spaced apart from the upper pivot bearings 13, 14 of the guide links. Furthermore, the guide links 17, 18 are connected to the rocker support 6 via a single central guide link bearing 21. The upper pivot bearings 13, 14 are spaced apart from the lower pivot bearings 19, 20 of the contact rail supports 11, 12 by the same distance as the rocker beam bearing 8 is spaced apart from the guide link bearing 21. The arrangement corresponds to a parallelogram. This causes the contact rails 15, 16 to be displaced upwards and downwards in a horizontal position. When the roof 5 is inclined by an angle W1, this causes the ends 22, 23 of the relatively long contact rails 15, 16 to approach the roof 5, as indicated by the circle. The angle W1 must therefore not be too large so that the contact rails 15, 16 do not fall below safety-relevant clearances and do not touch the roof 5.

[0029] Figure 3 shows a loading device according to the invention. For functionally equivalent components, reference numerals are used that were introduced in Figure 2. The loading device in Figure 3 again has a rocker 2 with a central, upright rocker support 6, which is arranged in a manner not shown on a holding device in order to guide the loading device or the rocker 2 into the desired position relative to contact surfaces 3, 4 on the roof 5 of a vehicle that is otherwise not shown in detail. The dashed line in Figure 3 shows the horizontal plane. Exactly as in the embodiment in Figure 3, the roof is inclined by the angle W1. This corresponds to rolling in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The rocker 2 has a rocker beam 7, which is centrally mounted in a rocker beam bearing 8. At its ends orAt the ends of the rocker levers 9, 10 on either side of the rocker beam bearing 8 are upper pivot bearings 13, 14, via which the contact rail supports 11, 12 are connected to the rocker beam 7 so that they can rotate about a horizontal plane. In this exemplary embodiment, too, the contact rail supports are connected to the rocker beam 6 via guide links 17, 18 so that they can pivot about a horizontal plane and via lower pivot bearings 19, 20. However, these are two separate guide links 17, 18 in the form of coupling rods, each of which is connected to the rocker beam 6 via its own guide link bearings 24, 25. The guide link bearings 24, 25 are arranged at a horizontal distance from one another. Furthermore, the two guide links 17, 18 are arranged at an angle of approximately 15° to the horizontal and thus to the rocker beam 7 in its initial position. The angle is relatively large, so that the guide members 17, 18 are not in any position parallel to the rocker beam 7.As a result, the contact rail supports 11, 12 cannot move parallel to the rocker support 6. This causes the contact rail supports 11, 12 to be tilted in their longitudinal direction (y-direction in the starting position), i.e., to be at an angle to the xy-plane other than 90°. The contact rails 15, 16 arranged at the ends of the contact rail supports 11, 12 follow this tilted position, with the result that the contact rails 15, 16 are arranged essentially parallel to the roof 5 of the vehicle. The ends 22, 23 of the contact rails 15, 16 are therefore at a greater distance from the roof than with contact rails 15, 16 that always remain horizontal. With a rocker 2 of this type, contact with the vehicle roof can be reliably prevented. The rocker 2 can also be used when the vehicle has greater roll angles.

[0030] The distance between an upper pivot bearing 13, 14 and a lower pivot bearing 19, 20 of a contact rail support 11, 12 is greater than the vertical distance between the rocker beam bearing 8 and each of the guide link bearings 24, 25. Details can be found in the embodiment of Figure 4.

[0031] Figure 4 shows the rocker 2 of Figure 3 in different positions. The four consecutive images show the rocker 2 in a neutral starting position, in which the rocker beam 7 is in a horizontal position. The following illustrations show the situation at 3.5°, 5°, and 10° inclination of the roof of a vehicle (not shown in detail).

[0032] The contact rail support 11 has a length A1 of 195 mm measured in the vertical direction, i.e. in the z-direction. The distance A2 between the upper pivot bearing 13 and the lower pivot bearing 19 is 140 mm, whereas the distance A3 between the rocker beam bearing 8 and the guide link bearing 24 is only 45 mm. In this exemplary embodiment, the rocker beam 7 has a length A5 of 669.5 mm. The horizontal distance A3 between the rocker support bearings 24, 25 is 30 mm. The contact rails 15, 16 each have a length A6 of 569 mm. In the initial position, the contact rails are arranged perpendicular to the central vertical axis V, i.e. arranged horizontally. Due to the bilateral symmetry of the rocker, the upper and lower pivot bearings 13, 19 are located one above the other in the initial position. The upper pivot bearings 13, 14 are at the same height, therefore the rocker beam 7 is arranged horizontally.Only the guide members 17, 18 are significantly inclined relative to the horizontal due to the very short rocker support 6, in particular more than 10°, in particular 14 to 16°.

[0033] The following illustrations illustrate, on the one hand, that when the rocker 2 is deflected by 3.5°, 5° or 10°, the distance A8 of the outer end 26 of the contact rail 15 on the left in the image plane, which pivots downwards, increases from the starting position and is shifted by the dimension A8 in the direction of the central vertical plane V. In each case, a circle with a diameter D1 of, for example, 30 mm is drawn in the cross-section. This circle illustrates the outermost contact position with a contact surface on the roof of the vehicle. The invention entails that the dimension A8 increases slightly with increasing angle of inclination of the roof. With the proportions chosen here, the distance A8 is approximately 9 mm at 3.5°, approximately 14 mm at 5° and approximately 32 mm at 10°.

[0034] Furthermore, it can be seen that the right-hand end 22 of the contact rail 15 in the image plane is arranged at a distance A7 from a plane passing through the lower ends of the contact rail supports 11, 12, wherein the distance A7 increases with increasing deflection of the blade. The distance A7 is approximately 10 mm at 3.5°, approximately 15 mm at 5°, and approximately 28 mm at 10° deflection. Comparing these deflections with the prior art embodiment, it becomes clear that with a deflection of 10°, an approach of only 28 mm occurs, provided the dimensions are selected as in this prior art embodiment. The approach to the sloping roof would be considerably greater if the kinematics were selected as in the prior art. In particular, the approach remains less than 30 mm, and thus below the diameter D1, which is 30 mm in this example. With the same proportions, the approximation of the design to the state of the art would be 99 mm.

[0035] Since the rocker 2 deliberately cannot and should not achieve parallelism of the contact rail supports 11, 12 to the rocker support 8 due to the inclined guide members 17, 18, an even force distribution does not result. However, the losses in terms of evenness of the contact force distribution are acceptable if they can ensure that the vehicle roof cannot be touched, even during significant rolling movements of the vehicle. The rocker linkage according to the invention is therefore configured such that, upon deflection of the linkage, parallelism of the contact rail supports 11, 12 cannot occur, but rather a position of the contact rails 15, 16 arranged almost parallel to the plane of the vehicle roof is deliberately achieved.

[0036] The advantages according to the invention are particularly evident in the electrical charging of watercraft, especially ferries, since larger rolling movements can occur here due to loading and unloading and contact with the roof of the vehicle cannot be ruled out during larger rolling movements if the rocker is not configured accordingly.

[0037] Reference symbol:

[0038] 1 - Vehicle

[0039] 2 - Seesaw

[0040] 3 - Contact surface at 5

[0041] 4 - Contact surface on 5

[0042] 5 - Roof of 1

[0043] 6 - Rocker support

[0044] 7 - Rocker beam

[0045] 8 - Rocker beam bearing

[0046] 9 - Rocker lever of 7

[0047] 10 - Rocker lever of 7

[0048] 11 - Contact rail carrier

[0049] 12 - Contact rail carrier

[0050] 13 - upper pivot bearing

[0051] 14 - upper pivot bearing

[0052] 15 - Contact rail

[0053] 16 - Contact rail

[0054] 17 - Leading link

[0055] 18 - Leading link

[0056] 19 - lower pivot bearing

[0057] 20 - lower pivot bearing

[0058] 21 - Guide link bearing

[0059] 22 - End of 15

[0060] 23 - End of 16

[0061] 24 - Guide link bearing

[0062] 25 - Guide link bearing

[0063] 26 - End of 15

[0064] A1- Length of 11

[0065] A2- Distance between 13 and 19

[0066] A3- spacing between 8 and 24, 25 A4- horizontal spacing between 24 and 25

[0067] A5- length of 7

[0068] A6- length of 15, 16

[0069] A7- distance of 22

[0070] A8- distance of 26

[0071] D1 - Diameter of 3 and V-vertical plane

Claims

Patent claims Charging device for electric vehicles (1) comprising a rocker (2) which is movable relative to electrical contact surfaces (3, 4) on an upper side of the vehicle (1), wherein the rocker (2) has a central upright rocker support (6) in a central vertical plane (V) with a rocker beam bearing (8) to which a rocker beam (7) is mounted so as to be rotatable in a horizontal plane, said rocker having two rocker levers (9, 10) on opposite sides of the vertical plane (V), wherein contact rail supports (11, 12) are mounted on each rocker lever (9, 10) via upper pivot bearings (13, 14) which are rotatable in a horizontal plane, wherein the contact rail supports (11, 12) each carry contact rails (15, 16), wherein the contact rail supports (11, 12) are guided relative to the rocker support (6) via guide members (17, 18) which are connected to the Rocker support (6) via an inner guide member bearing (24, 25) on the one hand and with the contact rail support (11,12) are rotatably connected in a horizontal plane via a lower pivot bearing (19, 20), wherein a distance (A2) between an upper pivot bearing (13, 14) and a lower pivot bearing (19, 20) of a contact rail support (11, 12) is greater than a distance (A3) between the rocker beam bearing (8) and each of the guide member bearings (24, 25). Loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance (A2) between the upper pivot bearing (13, 14) and the lower pivot bearing (19, 20) is at least twice as large as the distance (A3) between the rocker beam bearing (8) and the guide member bearings (24, 25). Loading device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance (A2) between the upper pivot bearing (13, 14) and the lower pivot bearing (19, 20) is at least three times as large as the distance (A3) between the rocker beam bearing (8) and the guide member bearings (24, 25). Loading device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in thatthat the guide link bearings (24, 25) are arranged at a horizontal distance (A4), are arranged relative to one another and are each located on one side of the vertical plane (V), wherein said distance (A4) is smaller than the distance (A3) between the rocker beam bearing (8) and the guide member bearings (24, 25). Loading device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance (A2) of the pivot points (13, 14; 19, 20) of a contact rail support (11, 12) is greater than 70% of a distance (A1) of the contact rail (15, 16) from the upper pivot bearing (13, 14).

Images