Drill head for creating a borehole in the ground

Abstract

The invention relates to a drill head for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, comprising a body which can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at a working face of the bore, with a suction device for transporting away the loosened soil at the working face, which suction device can be connected to a pump, wherein the suction device has an opening region arranged on the body with at least one opening in the region of the drilling tools at the working face.It is advantageous that at least one nozzle for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, is provided on the underside of the drill head, and that the jet causes the loosened soil to move into an area of ​​the working face which is crossed by the opening when the drill head rotates, that the jet strikes a guide plate, thereby changing the direction of movement of the loosened soil in the direction of the opening area, and that the guide plate is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and that the arrangement is diagonal or at least partially circumferential.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a drill head for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, comprising a body which can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at a working face of the bore, with a suction device for transporting away the loosened soil at the working face, which suction device can be connected to a pump, wherein the suction device has an opening region arranged on the body with at least one opening in the region of the drilling tools at the working face.

[0002] Such a drill head is known, for example, from US 3360061A, KR 10162879 B1, DE 19626591 C1, EP 2597249 B1, US 3384191 A, US 4195700 A US 4200160 A, and WO 2016142910 A1.

[0003] DE 19626591 C1 shows a drill head for drilling vertical boreholes in the ground, removing the loosened soil using the airlift method. The drill head has drilling tools and a suction system on its underside to remove the loosened soil. The suction system has a suction opening designed as a radially extending channel. The channel is connected to a suction pipe. The loosened soil, together with the drilling fluid, is suctioned from the working face via the suction pipe. Directed nozzles are provided for support, directed into the channel, through which compressed air or fluid is discharged to assist the suction process.

[0004] EP 2597249 B1 also shows a drilling device for drilling vertical boreholes in the ground with a drill head rotating on a working face. A suction device is provided with an opening located on the outside of the end of the drill head facing the working face and rotating with the drill head. Loosened soil is thereby removed from the borehole.

[0005] US 3384191 A shows a drill head with roller bits, which also has a suction system for removing the loosened soil. For this purpose, a guide plate is provided, which is located in the area of ​​the suction opening and collects the loosened soil as the drill head rotates and feeds it to the opening. Behind the opening is an inclined channel that opens into a centrally located discharge line.

[0006] US 4195700 A also discloses a drill head with roller bits, which has a radial opening at the inner end of which a discharge line is provided. The opening is designed as a slot, behind which a conical tube is provided that widens toward the discharge line.

[0007] US 4200160 A discloses a drill head with a suction system for removing the loosened soil. The suction system has a slot-shaped radial opening that opens into a cylindrical chamber. From this chamber, a channel leads into the sewer line.

[0008] WO 2016142910 A1 also discloses a cutter head with roller bits, which has a radial opening with a border that projects beyond the underside of the cutter head toward the face. Behind the opening, a conically shaped chamber is provided that extends across the entire underside of the cutter head. A discharge line is provided at its rear end.

[0009] US 3360061 A discloses a drill head for drilling vertical boreholes in the ground, removing the loosened soil by means of an airlift process. The drill head has drilling tools and an opening on its underside for removing the loosened soil. The opening is designed like a scoop and is connected to the suction device. The scoop can actively collect loosened material. The scoop can have a bottom and a rear side, or it can have no bottom and a rear boundary in the form of an elastic impact strip. Furthermore, nozzles are provided which are directed towards the ground in front of the scoop and emit compressed air so that the jet is deflected towards the scoop opening after being deflected on the ground.

[0010] The object of the invention is to simplify the extraction of the aforementioned drill heads and at the same time to improve their performance.

[0011] The object of the invention is achieved according to a first solution according to the invention in that the opening region has an elongated extension, that the at least one opening of the opening region is connected to a suction box which has a connection opening for connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening, that the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening region can be sucked through the opening from the pump into the suction box in a flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening towards the connection opening, and / or that the height of the suction box increases from the opening towards the connection opening.

[0012] The width of the suction box is preferably the longitudinal extent of the opening, particularly preferably radial. The height of the suction box is preferably the transverse extent of the opening, particularly preferably transverse to radial.

[0013] This makes it surprisingly easy to significantly increase the suction line. At the same time, the risk of blockages in the suction area is significantly reduced.

[0014] A further teaching of the invention provides for at least one deflection area behind the opening, preferably before entering the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be redirected. This makes it particularly easy to convey the material to be removed, liquefied, for example, before reaching the opening, and then remove it.

[0015] A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool for loosening the soil, preferably in the form of a toothed rack, is provided in the opening area. This allows rock / soil to be loosened at the working face directly in the opening area. The material thus loosened can be sucked off particularly well. This can advantageously be carried out or supported by releasing liquid to liquefy the loosened / extracted soil / rock, for example by at least one liquid jet. It is also advantageous that the at least one tool is movable to change the distance of the tool from the working face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and / or that the at least one tool is pivotable relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder. This makes it easy to influence the penetration depth into the working face.This can, for example, depend on the strength of the soil / rock to be loosened.

[0016] A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool for picking up the soil, preferably in the form of a bar, is provided in the opening area. This allows the rock / soil to be picked up at the working face directly in the opening area. The material thus loosened can be sucked out particularly well. This can advantageously be carried out or supported by releasing liquid to liquefy the loosened / extracted soil / rock, for example by at least one liquid jet. It is also advantageous that the at least one tool is movable to change the distance of the tool from the working face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and / or that the at least one tool is pivotable relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder.

[0017] A further teaching of the invention provides that the distance of the opening area from the working face is adjustable. It is advantageous that the distance is adjusted by vertically moving the suction box and / or pivoting the suction box around a pivot point, with a drive, preferably a hydraulic cylinder or a spring mechanism, being provided for the movement or pivoting. This allows the amount of sucked-out material to be directly and easily influenced.

[0018] A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one cleaning tool, preferably at least one movable element and / or at least one nozzle for dispensing a liquid jet, is provided in the opening area. This allows blockages in the opening area to be either eliminated or prevented. Furthermore, the liquid jet dispensed by the at least one nozzle can also be used to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material.

[0019] A further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box has a spray nozzle, which is preferably directed from the opening toward the connection opening. This simply improves the material transport within the suction box. Furthermore, the liquefaction of the dissolved material is improved, allowing for improved discharge.

[0020] A further teaching of the invention provides for the suction box to be replaceable within the drill head. This allows the drill head to be easily adapted to different geological conditions. Furthermore, reversing the direction of rotation is also possible.

[0021] A further teaching of the invention provides for a classification element to be provided in the opening area. This can be, for example, a grid, partition plates that divide the opening area into several openings, or even several openings. This makes it easy to limit the grain size of the sucked-in material.

[0022] A further teaching of the invention provides for the suction box to be arranged essentially horizontally. This positively influences material transport within the suction box, for example, material liquefaction and material intake. Alternatively, the suction box can be arranged essentially vertically. This positively influences material transport through the direct inflow. Surprisingly, it has been shown that this has a positive effect on suction because less material accumulates in the area of ​​the opening. Furthermore, this design is easier to implement in the drill head. Alternatively, an inclined arrangement between horizontal and vertical is also possible.

[0023] A further teaching of the invention provides that the opening extends essentially radially outward from the center point. It is advantageous for the opening to be designed in a slot-like manner. A further teaching of the invention provides that the clear cross-section of the opening changes, preferably increases, radially outward along the opening area. This allows the material intake, the location of the material intake, and the intake quantity to be easily influenced.

[0024] It is also advantageous that the connection opening of the suction box is offset from a perpendicular bisector of the opening area, preferably outward. This gives the suction box an asymmetrical design. The suction strength or flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be easily adjusted, thus affecting the amount of material sucked in. For example, by shifting it outward, the flow in the radially outer area of ​​the suction box can be increased in order to more effectively suction off the larger amount of material accumulating there.

[0025] A further teaching of the invention provides that the connection opening of the suction box is pivoted relative to the opening area relative to a perpendicular bisector of the opening area. This allows the suction strength or flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area to be easily influenced, thus affecting the amount of material sucked in. For example, by tilting the connection opening inward, the flow in the radially outer area of ​​the suction box can be increased in order to better suction the larger amount of material accumulating there.

[0026] A further teaching of the invention provides for nozzles to be provided in the opening area, which are preferably directed into the opening area and / or into the opening. This allows the loosened / extracted material in the opening area to be easily liquefied so that it is sucked into the interior of the suction box. It is particularly advantageous that the suction system is dimensioned such that the opening area remains essentially free of loosened / extracted soil / rock. For this to happen, sufficient liquid must be pumped through the suction box and the conveying line, and the liquefaction of the loosened / extracted material must occur in sufficient quantities.

[0027] A further teaching of the invention provides for a flow ring extending toward the face in the area of ​​the opening at the outer edge. This makes it easy to prevent a flow short circuit from the rear of the drill head to the opening.

[0028] A further teaching of the invention provides that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, are provided in front of the opening on the underside of the drill head, said nozzles being directed towards the working face. Particularly preferably, so many nozzles extend along a longitudinal extent that they create a dense jet area. As a result, it has surprisingly been found that material can be easily held in the effective area of ​​the opening and / or that a backflow, for example of accelerated material in the direction of rotation, can be prevented. Furthermore, the loosened soil can be detached from the working face and / or the loosened soil can be accelerated, so that it can be more easily sucked into the opening.

[0029] A further teaching of the invention provides that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, are provided behind the opening on the underside of the drill head and are directed towards the working face. Particularly preferably, so many nozzles extend along a longitudinal extent that they create a dense jet area. This makes it easy to detach the loosened soil from the working face and / or accelerate the loosened soil so that it can be more easily sucked into the opening. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that material can be easily held in the effective area of ​​the opening and / or that the escape of accelerated material, for example, against the direction of rotation can be prevented.Furthermore, the proportion of loosened soil that is not sucked in and is then processed again by the drilling tools of the drill head can be reduced.

[0030] A further teaching of the invention provides that the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector which, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component towards the working face and / or a directional component towards the opening.

[0031] A further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil against the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil.

[0032] A further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil in the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil.

[0033] If rows of nozzles are provided in front of and behind the opening, it is advantageous for the nozzles arranged in front of the opening in the direction of rotation to have a smaller directional component to the opening and / or be at a greater distance from the opening than the nozzles arranged behind the opening. This enhances the aforementioned advantages.

[0034] A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one nozzle for discharging a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, is provided on the underside of the drill head, and that the jet causes the loosened soil to move into an area of ​​the working face that is traversed by the opening upon rotation of the drill head. This surprisingly allows for a simple control of the material distribution of the loosened soil, preventing overloading of certain areas of the intake opening.

[0035] A further teaching of the invention provides that the jet impinges on a guide plate, thereby causing a change in the direction of movement of the loosened soil. The guide plate is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and the arrangement is diagonal or at least partially circumferential. This facilitates material distribution.

[0036] A further teaching of the invention provides for at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, aligned in opposite directions, to be provided in the center of the underside of the drill head. It has been shown that this allows the loosened soil to be easily removed from the center, which, due to its design, cannot be crossed by the suction opening.

[0037] A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, are provided tangentially aligned on the underside of the drill head. This allows the loosened soil to be easily redirected from the outer region, which cannot be easily crossed by the suction opening, to the area where suction takes place. This is preferably further supported by a combination of the aforementioned guide vanes.

[0038] A further teaching of the invention provides that radially adjustable edge cutting tools are provided.

[0039] The object of the invention is achieved according to a second inventive solution in that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, are provided in front of the opening on the underside of the drill head, said nozzles being directed towards the working face. Particularly preferably, so many nozzles extend along a longitudinal extent that they create a dense jet area. As a result, it has surprisingly been shown that material can be easily held in the effective area of ​​the opening and / or that a backflow, for example of accelerated material in the direction of rotation, can be prevented. Furthermore, the loosened soil can be detached from the working face and / or the loosened soil can be accelerated so that it can be more easily sucked into the opening.

[0040] A further teaching of the invention provides that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, are provided behind the opening on the underside of the drill head and are directed towards the working face. Particularly preferably, so many nozzles extend along a longitudinal extent that they create a dense jet area. This makes it easy to detach the loosened soil from the working face and / or accelerate the loosened soil so that it can be more easily sucked into the opening. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that material can be easily held in the effective area of ​​the opening and / or that the escape of accelerated material, for example, against the direction of rotation can be prevented.Furthermore, the proportion of loosened soil that is not sucked in and is then processed again by the drilling tools of the drill head can be reduced.

[0041] A further teaching of the invention provides that the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector which, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component towards the working face and / or a directional component towards the opening.

[0042] A further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil against the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil.

[0043] A further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil in the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil.

[0044] If rows of nozzles are provided in front of and behind the opening, it is advantageous for the nozzles arranged in front of the opening in the direction of rotation to have a smaller directional component to the opening and / or be at a greater distance from the opening than the nozzles arranged behind the opening. This enhances the aforementioned advantages.

[0045] A further teaching of the invention provides that the opening region has an elongated extension, that the at least one opening of the opening region is connected to a suction box which has a connection opening for connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening, that the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening region can be sucked through the opening from the pump into the suction box in a flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening towards the connection opening, and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening towards the connection opening.

[0046] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the second solution according to the invention is combined with further features previously mentioned in connection with the first solution according to the invention.

[0047] The object of the invention is achieved according to a third inventive solution in that at least one nozzle for discharging a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, is provided on the underside of the drill head, and that the jet causes the loosened soil to move into a region of the working face that is traversed by the opening upon rotation of the drill head. This surprisingly allows for a simple control of the material distribution of the loosened soil, so that overloading of certain areas of the intake opening does not occur.

[0048] A further teaching of the invention provides that the jet impinges on a guide plate, thereby causing a change in the direction of movement of the loosened soil. The guide plate is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and the arrangement is diagonal or at least partially circumferential. This facilitates material distribution.

[0049] A further teaching of the invention provides for at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, aligned in opposite directions, to be provided in the center of the underside of the drill head. It has been shown that this allows the loosened soil to be easily removed from the center, which, due to its design, cannot be crossed by the suction opening.

[0050] A further teaching of the invention provides that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, are provided tangentially aligned on the underside of the drill head. This allows the loosened soil to be easily redirected from the outer region, which cannot be easily crossed by the suction opening, to the area where suction takes place. This is preferably further supported by a combination of the aforementioned guide vanes.

[0051] A further teaching of the invention provides that radially adjustable edge cutting tools are provided.

[0052] A further teaching of the invention provides that the opening region has an elongated extension, that the at least one opening of the opening region is connected to a suction box which has a connection opening for connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening, that the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening region can be sucked through the opening from the pump into the suction box in a flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening towards the connection opening, and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening towards the connection opening.

[0053] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the third solution according to the invention is combined with further features previously mentioned in connection with the first and / or inventive solution.

[0054] The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with a drawing. The drawings show: Fig. 1 to 11 Views and details of a first embodiment of a drill head according to the invention, Fig. 12 to 19 Views and details of a second embodiment of a drill head according to the invention, and Fig. 20 to 32 Views and details of a third embodiment of a drill head according to the invention

[0055] The figures show the first embodiment: Figure 1 shows a spatial view of the underside of the drill head according to the invention of the first embodiment, Figure 2 shows a side view of Figure 1 , Figure 3 a top view of the underside Figure 1 , Figure 4 a top view of the top Figure 1 , Figure 5 a spatial view of a first embodiment of a suction box according to the invention, Figure 6 a front view of Figure 5 , Figure 7 a bottom view of Figure 5, Figure 8 a spatial representation of the view to Figure 7 , Figure 9 a partially sectioned side view of Figure 5 with extended cleaning element, Figure 10 an analogous view to Figure 9 with retracted cleaning element, Figure 11 a spatially tilted downwards frontal view to Figure 5 .

[0056] The figures show the second embodiment: Figure 12 a spatial view of the underside of the drill head according to the invention of the second embodiment, Figure 13 a side view of Figure 12 , Figure 14 a top view of the underside Figure 12 , Figure 15 a top view of the top Figure 12 , Figure 16 a plan view of a second embodiment of a suction box according to the invention, Figure 17 a bottom view of Figure 16 , Figure 18 a partially sectioned side view of Figure 16 along AA, and Figure 19 an enlarged section of Figure 18

[0057] The figures show the third embodiment: Figure 20 is a plan view of the underside of the drill head according to the invention of the third embodiment, Figure 21 is a plan view of the upper side of Figure 12 , Figure 22 Figure 20 with illustrated material conveying areas, Figure 23a Figure 20 with depicted medium jets emitted by nozzles for material transport, Figure 23b enlarged partial section of Fig. 23a , Figure 24 a sectional view through a suction area according to the invention, Figure 25 a side view of a third embodiment of a suction box according to the invention, Figure 26 a first sectional view of Figure 25 in the direction of the width of the suction box, Figure 27 a spatial view of Figure 25 , Figure 28 a top view of Figure 25 , Figure 29 a second sectional view of Figure 25 across Figure 26 , Figure 30 an enlarged partial section of Fig. 20with an extended edge cutting tool Figure 31the edge cutting tool of Figure 30 in retracted state, and Figure 32 the edge cutting tool of Figure 30 in emergency condition.

[0058] Figure 1 to Figure 4show a three-dimensional representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention in a first embodiment. The drill head 10 has a body 11 on which drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside 13. On its upper side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown). The drive (not shown) is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown). A further non-exhaustive alternative can also be a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod assembly. Other variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements in a borehole / pile are also possible. Alternatively, the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft boring machine.

[0059] For example, to enable an undercut under a casing pipe or pile, the body 11 can have on its circumference 16 fold-out edge cutting tools 17, which in Figure 1 is shown extended. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided on the circumference 16 of the body 11, for example.

[0060] The drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc bits 12a, planing bits 12b, or roller bits 12c. The selection of the drilling tools 12 depends on the soil / rock to be removed to create the borehole. Shown here are disc bits 12a and planing bits 12c.

[0061] In the center of the underside 13, for example, a centering drilling tool 19 is also provided, which enables centering of the drill head 10.

[0062] Furthermore, the body 11 has a suction box 20 on its underside 13 in a first embodiment. The suction box 20 is in the Figures 5 to 11shown in detail. It has an opening area 22 on its front side 21, which has at least one opening 23.

[0063] The opening 23 of the first embodiment of the suction box 20 has a classification element 24 that divides the opening 23 into opening sections 23a. The classification element 24 determines the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior space 25 of the suction box 20.

[0064] The interior space 25 is formed by a lid 26 as the top side and a base 27 as the bottom side, which are designed to be flat in one embodiment. Other lid and base shapes are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 20 has side walls 28, which here extend from the front side 21 along the shape of the lid and base.

[0065] Due to the shape of the lid 26, the bottom 27 and the side walls 28, a funnel is formed, for example and preferably, due to the fact that the width BB of the interior 25 is reduced by the curved shape of the side walls 28, whereby the flow velocity of the announced mixture of dissolved soil / rock and carrier medium increases with decreasing width BB.

[0066] At the rear of the interior space 25, an opening 29 is provided, at which a connection 30 for a conveying line 31 is provided, which is connected to a pump (not shown) during drilling operation in order to carry out the removal of the loosened soil / rock or the mixture of conveying medium and loosened soil / rock.

[0067] Additionally and not shown here in connection with the first embodiment of the suction box 20 according to the invention, the height HH of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 can also be varied, in particular increased, starting from the front 21 to the opening 29 at the rear of the suction box 20 in order to counteract blockages of the interior 25 by loosened soil / rock.

[0068] Furthermore, it is also possible to design the suction box 20, shown symmetrically here, asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 29 laterally offset (not shown). In this case, it is particularly useful if the opening 29 is offset towards the circumference 16 of the body 11 in order to adapt the flow profile in the areas where more soil / rock is loosened during rotation in the direction of rotation A and enters the interior 25 of the suction box 20 through the opening 23, for example to specifically increase the flow velocity in areas of the interior 25.

[0069] The same is also possible in which the connection 30 of the conveyor line 31, as for example in Figure 5 is shown, opens inclinedly into the interior space 25.

[0070] On the underside of the base 27, sliding elements 32 are arranged, which enable the suction box 20 to slide on the working face or at a defined distance from it during drilling or rotation in the direction of rotation A.

[0071] The opening area 22 has soil loosening tools 33, for example, a scraper blade, in the area of ​​the opening 23, which extends along the front side 21. The soil loosening tools 33 make it possible to specifically loosen or pick up soil / rock in the area of ​​the front side 21 of the suction box 20 and feed it to the opening 23, through which it is then conveyed away.

[0072] Additionally or alternatively, guide plates may also be provided (not shown) to supply the dissolved material, which is not directly sucked in by the flow in flow direction B, to the opening area 22 and then to suck it through the openings 23 into the interior space 25.

[0073] Nozzles 34 are arranged above the openings 23 on the front side 21 (see example Fig. 9), which emit a jet in the direction E of a carrier medium, for example a liquid or air, into the interior space 25, which jet is directed in the direction B of the opening 29, so that material located in the interior space 25 is moved in the direction B towards the opening 29. Furthermore, accumulations of dissolved material can also be dissolved by the jets emitted by the nozzles 34. If a liquid is emitted, this can, for example or alternatively, also be used to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area 22 and thus ensure better conveyance. Advantageously, the conveying flow in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction are designed such that the dissolved / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially free.

[0074] Additionally, a cleaning element 35 is provided in the opening area 22. The cleaning element 35 has rods 36 that are guided in passages 37, so that when the rods 36 are moved in the cleaning direction C, the rods engage in the opening sections 23a of the openings 23 or in the classifying elements 24 provided there and remove trapped material from them, thus making the opening 23 passable again. The cleaning element 35 is then moved back out of the opening sections 23a in the opposite direction of the arrow C. Alternatively, nozzles 38 can also be provided for cleaning the openings or the classifying elements 24, which emit liquid jets for cleaning in the cleaning direction D, as shown by way of example in Fig. 9shown. If a liquid is dispensed, it can be used, for example or alternatively, to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or the opening area, thus ensuring better removal. Advantageously, the conveying flow in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction are designed such that the dissolved / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially clear.

[0075] Figure 12 to Figure 15show a spatial representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention in a second embodiment. The drill head 10 has a body 11 on which drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside 13. On its upper side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown). The drive (not shown) is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown). A further non-exhaustive alternative can also be a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod assembly. Other variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements in a borehole / pile are also possible. Alternatively, the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft boring machine.

[0076] For example, to enable an undercut under a casing pipe or pile, the body 11 can have on its circumference 16 fold-out edge cutting tools 17, which in Figure 1 is shown extended. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided on the circumference 16 of the body 11, for example.

[0077] The drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc bits 12a, planing bits 12b, or roller bits 12c. The selection of the drilling tools 12 depends on the soil / rock to be removed to create the borehole. Shown here are roller bits 12c and planing bits 12b.

[0078] In the center of the underside 13, for example, a centering drilling tool 19 is also provided, which enables centering of the drill head 10.

[0079] Furthermore, the body 11 has a suction box 40 on its underside 13 in a second embodiment. The suction box 40 is shown in the Figures 16 to 19presented in detail. Figure 18 shows a sectional view AA from Figure 16 . Figure 19 shows an enlarged view of the circled area Figure 18 . The suction box 40 has an opening area 42 in the region of its front side 41, which has at least one opening 43.

[0080] The opening 43 of the second embodiment of the suction box 40 may have a classification element (not shown here) that divides the opening 43 into opening sections 43a. The classification element determines the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior space 45 of the suction box 20.

[0081] The interior space 45 is formed by a lid 46 as the top side and a base 47 as the bottom side, which are designed to be flat in one embodiment. Other lid and base shapes are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 40 has side walls 48, which here extend from the front side 41 along the shape of the lid and base.

[0082] Due to the shape of the lid 46, the base 47, and the side walls 48, a funnel is formed, for example and preferably, due to the fact that the width BB of the interior 45 decreases due to the curved shape of the side walls 48, whereby the flow velocity of the desired mixture of loosened soil / rock and carrier medium increases with decreasing width BB. In addition, the height HH of the interior 45 of the suction box 40 changes, starting from the front 41 to the opening 49 at the rear of the suction box 40. In the second embodiment, it increases to counteract blockages of the interior 45 by loosened soil / rock. Other height variations are also possible to create specific flow profiles in the interior 45. This also applies to the suction box 20 of the first embodiment.

[0083] At the rear of the interior space 45, an opening 49 is provided, at which a connection 40 for a conveying line 41 is provided, which is connected to a pump (not shown) during drilling operation in order to carry out the removal of the loosened soil / rock or the mixture of conveying medium and loosened soil / rock.

[0084] Additionally and not shown here, in connection with the second embodiment of the suction box 40 according to the invention, the suction box 40, which is shown symmetrically here, can be designed asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 49 laterally offset. In this case, it is particularly useful if the opening 49 is offset towards the circumference 16 of the body 11 in order to specifically increase the flow velocity in the areas in which more soil / rock is loosened during rotation in the direction of rotation F and enters the interior 45 of the suction box 40 through the opening 43.

[0085] The same is also possible alternatively, in which the connection 40 of the conveying line 41 opens at an incline into the interior space 45.

[0086] A deflection element 60 is arranged upstream of the opening 43 and is movably connected to the suction box 40 via stop points 61, for example, on its side walls 48. This preferably involves a rotary movement in the direction of rotation G around the stop points 61. At least one actuator 62, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, is provided to move the deflection element 60. This actuator is connected, for example, to a first stop 63 arranged on the deflection element 60 and to a second stop 64 arranged on the cover 46, so that the pivoting movement can be carried out upon actuation of the actuator 62. The deflection element 60 can then be interlaced in the direction of rotation G.

[0087] At least one soil removal tool 65 is arranged at the end of the deflection element 60 opposite the first stop 63. Furthermore, the deflection element 60 can have nozzles 66, which, for example, emit a jet of a carrier medium, such as a liquid or air, in the direction E into the interior space 45. This allows material located in the interior space 45 to be moved in the direction B toward the opening 49.

[0088] If a liquid is dispensed, it can be used, for example or alternatively, to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area 22, thus ensuring better removal. Advantageously, the flow rate in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction process are designed such that the dissolved / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially clear.

[0089] A sliding element 52 arranged on a base 55 is provided on the bottom 47.

[0090] An opening gap 67 exists between the base 55 and the soil loosening tool 65, depending on the degree of pivoting of the deflection element 60. Its size determines, for example, the amount of loosened soil / rock material absorbed. Furthermore, the opening gap 67 can also be used for classification to prevent the entry of certain grain sizes of loosened soil / rock.

[0091] Furthermore, a nozzle 68 can be arranged on the base 55, which acts as a cleaning element and emits a jet of a carrier medium, for example a liquid or air, in the cleaning direction D in order to remove jammed material from the opening gap 67. If a liquid is emitted, this can, for example or alternatively, also be used to liquefy the loosened / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area 22 and thus ensure better removal. Advantageously, the conveying flow in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction are designed such that the loosened / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially clear.

[0092] Furthermore, for example, in Figure 19a stop element 69 is shown, which is connected to an actuator (not shown), via which the entire suction box 40 can be moved relative to the body 11 in order to bring the entire suction box 40, for example, closer to the working face or to move it away from it, whereby, for example, the penetration depth into the working face and / or the amount of loosened material taken up can be influenced.

[0093] The opening 23 of the suction box 20 of the first embodiment thus faces directly toward the direction of rotation A, whereas the opening 43 of the suction box 40 of the second embodiment is not directly reached. The loosened material passing through the opening gap 67 must first be redirected in the flow direction by the deflection element 60 and fed to the opening 43. Liquefaction can then also occur here. The soil loosening tools 65 of the second embodiment are thus pulled across the working face, while the soil loosening tools 33 of the first embodiment are pushed across the working face.

[0094] Figure 20 to Figure 23bshow a spatial representation of a third embodiment of a drill head 10 according to the invention. The drill head 10 has a body 11 on which drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside 13. On its upper side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown). The drive (not shown) is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown). A further non-exhaustive alternative can also be a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod assembly. Other variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements in a borehole / pile are also possible. Alternatively, the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft boring machine.

[0095] For example, to enable an undercut under a casing pipe or pile, the body 11 can have on its circumference 16 fold-out edge cutting tools 17, which in Figure 20 The individual states of the edge tool 17 are shown in the Figures 29 to 31 shown. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided on the circumference 16 of the body 11, for example.

[0096] The drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc bits 12a, planing bits 12b, or roller bits 12c. The selection of the drilling tools 12 depends on the soil / rock to be removed to create the borehole. Disc bits 12a are shown here.

[0097] In the center of the underside 13, as an alternative to the previously described centering drilling tool 19, a series of disks 12a is provided, which also enable the drilling head 10 to be centered.

[0098] Furthermore, the body 11 has a suction box 70 in a third embodiment. The suction box 70 is shown in the Figures 24 to 29 shown in detail. It has an opening area 72 which has at least one opening 73.

[0099] The opening 73 of the third embodiment of the suction box 70 has a classification element 74 that divides the opening 73 into opening sections 73a. The classification element 74 determines the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior space 75 of the suction box 70.

[0100] The interior space 75 is formed by a cover 76 as the top and the opening 73 as the bottom, as well as side walls 78 and a rear wall 77.

[0101] Due to the shape of the lid 76, the rear wall 77 and the side walls 78, a funnel is formed, for example, and preferably, due to the fact that the width BB of the interior 75 (see Figure 26) is reduced by the shape and arrangement of the cover 76 and the rear wall 77, whereby the flow velocity of the announced mixture of dissolved soil / rock and carrier medium increases with decreasing width BB.

[0102] At the rear of the interior space 75, an opening 79 is provided, at which a connection 71 for a conveying line (not shown) is provided, which is connected to a pump (not shown) during drilling operation in order to carry out the removal of the loosened soil / rock or the mixture of conveying medium and loosened soil / rock.

[0103] In addition, the height HH of the interior 75 of the suction box 70 increases from the opening area 72 to the opening 79 on the top side of the suction box 70 in order to counteract blockages of the interior 75 by loosened soil / rock.

[0104] Parallel to the opening area 72 and the opening 73, respectively, on the underside 13 of the drill head 10, a nozzle bar 81 is provided in front of the opening area 72 in the direction of rotation, and a second nozzle bar 80 is provided behind the opening area 72 in the direction of rotation. The nozzle bars 81, 82 have a plurality of nozzles 82, 83 arranged in series. These nozzles 82, 83 each emit a jet AA, DD M of a flushing medium, preferably a liquid jet or a compressed air jet. The nozzles 82 of the nozzle bar 80 and the nozzles 83 of the nozzle bar 81 are arranged such that they are directed toward the working face and toward the opening area 72. The nozzles 82 are arranged at an angle α relative to the vertical on the underside 13 of the drill head 10, and the nozzles 83 are arranged at an angle β relative to the vertical on the underside 13 of the drill head 10. Angles α and β preferably differ from each other. Particularly preferably, angle β is smaller than angle α.The jets AA hit the working face (not shown) and cause the loosened soil to swirl or activate, allowing it to be more easily sucked into the opening 73. Furthermore, the jets AA also create a blocking effect, preventing loosened soil from leaving the area CC between the jet AA and the jet DD in the opposite direction of rotation A. The blocking effect improves the larger the angle α, β is up to the perpendicular to the working face. The loosening / acceleration effect of the loosened soil, on the other hand, improves up to an optimally determined angle α, β, as the angle α, β becomes smaller.

[0105] The beam DD, which is directed more directly towards the working face than the beam AA, essentially creates a blocking effect so that material or loosened soil, which has been activated by the beam AA and thus accelerated in the direction of rotation, cannot leave the area CC in the direction of rotation A.

[0106] Furthermore, in the area of ​​the suction box 70, a flow ring 84 is preferably provided on the outer circumference of the underside 13 of the drill head 10. The flow ring 84 extends from the underside 13 toward the working face. It is preferably implemented here as a metal sheet provided on the circumference 16 of the drill head 10. The flow ring 84 ensures that the suction through the opening 73 does not occur in the form of a short circuit from the edge area of ​​the bore.

[0107] To replenish the sucked-in fluid below the burrow head 10, openings 85 are provided here, preferably on the right and left sides of the short side of the opening 73. These openings are connected to a line (not shown) through which the fluid is supplied to the suction area. The preferred, targeted supply in the suction area particularly prevents crossflows from occurring below the drill head 10 in the excavation area, which would otherwise result in uncontrolled material transport. Such uncontrolled material transport leads not only to wear but also to the drilling tools 12 repeatedly passing over already loosened soil.

[0108] To ensure optimal transport of the loosened soil to the opening area 72 of the suction box 70, a centralization is preferably provided on the underside 13 of the drill head 10. This centralization consists of guide plates and nozzles with which loosened soil is supplied in specific areas to the area of ​​the working face over which the opening area 72 of the suction box 70 passes. This easily controls the material flow, which also allows for optimized material distribution from the areas in which more soil is loosened at the working face to the areas in which less soil is loosened by the drilling tools 12, in order to optimize suction.

[0109] For this purpose, guide vanes 86 of varying lengths and angles of incidence are provided directly behind drilling tools 12 arranged in specific sections. The guide vanes 86 extend from the underside 13 of the drill head 10 towards the working face. They are arranged diagonally so that the loosened material or loosened soil can be efficiently moved from the outer regions of the underside 13 of the drill head 10 towards the suction area 73. This material transport is achieved by nozzles 87, each of which is provided in a housing 88 on the outside of the underside 13 of the drill head 10. The nozzles 87 emit a tangential jet EE of a flushing medium (liquid or air) which strikes the respective guide vane 87. At the guide vane 87, the jet EE is then deflected in the flow direction HH parallel to the guide vane 87.The material which is released by the drilling tools 12 in front of the respective guide plate 86 is then transported by this flushing medium flow in the direction of HH.

[0110] Furthermore, the edge cutting tools 17 also have guide plates 89, which are also arranged diagonally so that material can be transported along the guide plate 89 from the outside through the production of the drill head 10 to the inner region of the underside 13 of the drill head 10. Here, too, nozzles 90 are provided in a housing 91, which direct a jet FF of a flushing medium (liquid or air) onto the guide plate 89, so that the flow direction of the jet FF is changed at the guide plate 89, so that it runs parallel to the guide plate 89 in the direction HH. On the outside of the guide plate 89 of the edge cutting tool 17, a skiving bit 12b is preferably provided, which cuts and straightens the borehole wall. For cooling and flushing the skiving bit 12b, a nozzle 92 is provided, which emits a jet (not shown) of a flushing and cooling medium (liquid or air). The jet is directed along the cutting bit 12b towards the face area.The dissolved material washed away here is then captured by the guide plate 89 and also transported away in the flow direction HH in combination preferably with the jet FF from the nozzle 90.

[0111] In the center region of the center drilling tool 19, which here is preferably designed as a row of disks 12a, nozzles 93 are provided parallel to the row in a housing 94, which emit a jet GG of a flushing medium (liquid or air) in the flow direction I parallel to the row of disks 12a, so that the loosened material released by the respective disks 12a is conveyed out of the center by the jets GG. To limit this material flow, guide plates 95 are provided, which here are circumferential and curved and are arranged on the underside 13 of the drill head 10 in a region of the working face over which the opening region 73 of the suction box 70 passes.

[0112] The guide plates and nozzles divide the underside 13 of the drill head into different material conveying sections J to M. The guide plates 89 in conjunction with the nozzles 90 in the area of ​​the edge cutting tools 17 cause an outer conveying area J, which Figure 22 is shown. The soil which is loosened by the drilling tools 12 located in these areas is conveyed away by the guide plates 89 in the flow direction HH into the concentrically located further inward areas K1 to K4 to L. The areas K1 to K4 are preferably of different sizes because the respective associated guide plates 86 are preferably designed in different lengths. This enables a targeted distribution of material into the ring area L or into an area K4 located outside of it, which is then passed over by the suction box 70, whereby the loosened soil is conveyed away. These areas are also in Figure 22shown. Within the annular area L is the center M, from which the material released there is conveyed in the flow direction I against the guide vanes 95 into the area L. This results in a targeted material distribution such that the majority of the conveyed material can be absorbed by the inner part of the opening area 73, so that the material removal or suction is thereby significantly improved.

[0113] In the Figures 30-32 The movement states of the edge cutting tool 17 are shown. They have a base body 96 that is movable in the direction of arrow N. For this purpose, an actuator 97 is provided, which is preferably designed as a hydraulic cylinder. Figure 30 shows the extended position of the edge cutting tool 17, while Figure 31shows the retracted position. By moving a piston 98 with its piston rod in the cylinder 99, the base body 96 is retracted or extended into the body 11 of the drill head 10. In Figure 32 An emergency solution for recovering the drill head 10 after completion of drilling work is shown, where, due to a malfunction, either the base body can no longer be retracted or the actuator 97 has failed. A shear pin 100 is provided for this purpose, which, in normal operating conditions, acts as a pivot bearing for the direction of movement N for pivoting the base body 96 into the body 11 of the drill head 10. In the event of a malfunction, this shear pin 100 is sheared off, allowing the base body 96 to pivot about the stop 101 in the direction of arrow O. The stop 101 is the point of application of the actuator 97 on the base body 96.

[0114] Further preferred embodiments are as follows: 1. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, comprising a body that can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at a working face of the bore, with a suction device for transporting the loosened soil at the working face, which suction device can be connected to a pump, wherein the suction device has an opening region arranged on the body with at least one opening in the region of the drilling tools at the working face, characterized in that the opening region has an elongated extension, that the at least one opening of the opening region is connected to a suction box, which has a connection opening for connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening,that the soil loosened by the drilling tools can be sucked through the opening from the pump into the suction box in one flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening towards the connection opening, and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening towards the connection opening. 2. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 1, characterized in that behind the opening, at least one deflection area is provided, preferably before entering the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be deflected. 3. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 1 or 2, characterized in that in the opening area, at least one tool for loosening and / or picking up the soil, preferably in the form of a toothed strip, is provided. 4. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 3, characterized inthat the at least one tool is movable to change the distance of the tool from the working face, and / or that the at least one tool is pivotable relative to the opening area. 5. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance of the opening area from the working face is adjustable. 6. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 5, characterized in that the distance is adjusted by vertically moving the suction box and / or by pivoting the suction box about a pivot point, wherein a drive is provided for the movement or pivoting. 7. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 6, characterized in that the opening area comprises a cleaning tool, preferably at least one movable element and / or at least one nozzle for emitting a liquid jet,is provided. 8. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 7, characterized in that the suction box has a nozzle, or that the suction box has a nozzle that is directed from the opening towards the connection opening. 9. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 8, characterized in that the suction box is provided in a replaceable manner in the drill head. 10. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 9, characterized in that a classification element is provided in the opening area. 11. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 10, characterized in that the suction box is arranged substantially horizontally, inclined, or vertically. 12. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 11, characterized inthat the opening area extends substantially radially outwards from the center point. 13. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 12, characterized in that the opening is designed in a slot-like manner. 14. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 12 or 13, characterized in that the clear cross-section of the opening changes radially outwards along the opening area, or that the clear cross-section of the opening increases radially outwards along the opening area. 15. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 14, characterized in that the connection opening of the suction box is arranged offset with respect to the opening area relative to a perpendicular bisector of the opening area. 16. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 15, characterized inthat the connection opening of the suction box is pivoted relative to the opening area relative to a perpendicular bisector of the opening area. 17. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 16, characterized in that nozzles are provided in the opening area, which are preferably directed into the opening area and / or into the opening. 18. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 17, characterized in that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably a liquid or air, are provided on the underside of the drill head, which nozzles are directed towards the working face. 19. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 18, characterized inthat, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles are provided behind the opening on the underside of the drill head for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably a liquid or air, directed towards the working face. 20. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 18 or 19, characterized in that the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector that, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component towards the working face and / or a directional component towards the opening. 21. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 19 or 20, characterized in that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil against the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil. 22. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 18 or 20,characterized in that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil in the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil. 23. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 22, characterized in that at least one nozzle for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably a liquid or air, is provided on the underside of the drill head, and that the jet causes the loosened soil to move into a region of the working face that is traversed by the opening during rotation of the drill head. 24. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 23, characterized in that the jet impinges on a guide plate, thereby causing a change in the direction of movement of the loosened soil.and that the guide plate is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and that the arrangement is diagonal or at least partially circumferential. 25. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 23 or 24, characterized in that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, which are oriented in opposite directions, are provided in the center of the underside of the drill head. 26. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 23 to 25, characterized in that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, are oriented tangentially on the underside of the drill head. 27. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 1 to 26, characterized inthat radially adjustable edge cutting tools are provided. 28. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, with a body that can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at a working face of the bore, with a suction device for transporting the loosened soil at the working face, which suction device can be connected to a pump, wherein the suction device has an opening area arranged on the body with at least one opening in the area of ​​the drilling tools at the working face, characterized in that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, in front of the opening on the underside of the drill head, at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably a liquid or air, are provided, which are directed towards the working face. 29. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 28, characterized inthat, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles are provided behind the opening on the underside of the drill head for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably a liquid or air, directed towards the working face. 30. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 28 or 29, characterized in that the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector that, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component towards the working face and / or a directional component towards the opening. 31. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 29 or 30, characterized in that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil against the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil. 32. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 28 or 30,characterized in that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil in the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil. 33. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 28 to 32, characterized in that the opening region has an elongated extension, that the at least one opening of the opening region is connected to a suction box, which has a connection opening for connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening, that the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening region can be sucked through the opening by the pump into the suction box in a flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening towards the connection opening,and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening towards the connection opening. 34. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 33, characterized in that the drill head has at least one of the features of embodiments 2 to 17 and / or 23 to 27. 35. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, with a body that can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at a working face of the bore, with a suction device for transporting the loosened soil at the working face, which suction device can be connected to a pump, wherein the suction device has an opening region arranged on the body with at least one opening in the region of the drilling tools at the working face, characterized in that at least one nozzle for emitting a jet of a medium is arranged on the underside of the drill head,preferably air or a liquid, is provided, and that the jet causes the loosened soil to move into an area of ​​the working face that is traversed by the opening during rotation of the drill head. 36. Further embodiment of the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 35, characterized in that the jet impinges on a guide plate, thereby causing a change in the direction of movement of the loosened soil, and that the guide plate is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and that the arrangement is diagonal or at least partially circumferential. 37. Further embodiment of the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 35 or 36, characterized in that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, which are oriented in opposite directions, are provided in the center of the underside of the drill head. 38. Further embodiment of the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 35 to 37,characterized in that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, are provided tangentially aligned on the underside of the drill head. 39. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 35 to 38, characterized in that radially adjustable edge cutting tools are provided. 40. Further embodiment according to the invention: Drill head according to one of embodiments 35 to 39, characterized in that the opening region has an elongated extension, that the at least one opening of the opening region is connected to a suction box, which has a connection opening for connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening, that the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening region can be sucked through the opening from the pump into the suction box in a flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening towards the connection opening,and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening toward the connection opening. 41. Further embodiment of the invention: Drill head according to embodiment 40, characterized in that the drill head has at least one of the features of embodiments 2 to 17. List of reference symbols: 10 Drill head 43 opening 11 Body 45 Interior 12 drilling tool 46 Lid 12a Disc chisel 47 Floor 12b Peeling chisel 48 side wall 12c Roller chisel 49 opening 13 bottom 50 Connection 14 Top 51 conveyor line 15 Connection 52 Sliding element 16 Scope 53 Soil loosening tool 17 Edge cutting tool 54 nozzle 18 Wear element 55 base 19 Center drilling tool 60 deflection element 20 Suction box 61 Anchor point 21 front 62 Actuator / hydraulic cylinder 22 Opening area 63 first attack 23 opening 64 second attack 23a Opening section 65 Soil loosening tool 24 Classification element 66 nozzle 25 Interior 67 Opening gap 26 Lid 68 nozzle 27 Floor 69 Stop element 28 side wall 70 Suction box 29 opening 71 Connection 30 Connection 72 Opening area 31 conveyor line 73 opening 32 Sliding element 73a Opening section 33 Soil loosening tool 74 Classification element 34 nozzle 75 Interior 35 Cleaning element 76 Lid 36 rod 77 back wall 37 passage 78 side wall 40 Suction box 79 opening 41 front 80 Nozzle bar primary nozzles 42 Opening area 81 Nozzle bar secondary nozzles 82 nozzle E Delivery direction 83 nozzle F Direction of rotation 84 Flow ring G Direction of rotation 85 opening H Flow direction 86 baffle I Flow direction 87 nozzle J Area 88 Housing K Area 89 baffle K1-K4 Sub-areas of Area K 90 nozzle L Ring area 91 Housing M center 92 nozzle N Direction of movement 93 nozzle O Panning direction 94 Housing 95 baffle α Angle of incidence 96 Basic body β Angle of incidence 97 Actuator 98 Pistons AA beam 99 cylinder BB Width 100 Shear bolt CC Area 101 Anchor point DD beam EE beam A Direction of rotation FF beam B Flow direction GG beam C Cleaning direction HH Height D Cleaning direction

Claims

1. Drilling head for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, comprising a body which can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at a working face of the bore, with a suction device for removing the loosened soil at the working face, which suction device can be connected to a pump, wherein the suction device has an opening area arranged on the body with at least one opening in the area of ​​the drilling tools at the working face, characterized in thatat least one nozzle for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, is provided on the underside of the drill head, and the jet causes the loosened soil to move into a region of the working face which is crossed by the opening when the drill head rotates, the jet impinges on a guide plate, thereby causing a change in the direction of movement of the loosened soil in the direction of the opening region, and the guide plate is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and the arrangement is diagonal or at least partially circumferential.

2. Drill head according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, which are aligned in opposite directions, are provided in the center of the underside of the drill head.

3. Drill head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in thatat least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, are provided tangentially aligned on the underside of the drill head.

4. Drill head according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that radially adjustable edge cutting tools are provided.

5. Drill head according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in thatthe opening region has an elongated extension, that the at least one opening of the opening region is connected to a suction box which has a connection opening for connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening, and which has a width and a height, wherein the width extends parallel to the elongated extension of the opening region and wherein the height extends transversely to the width and parallel to the opening region, that the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening region can be sucked through the opening from the pump into the suction box in a flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening towards the connection opening, and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening towards the connection opening.

6. Drill head according to claim 5, characterized in thatthe opening area extends substantially radially outwards from the center point, wherein the opening is preferably designed in the form of a slot.

7. Drill head according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that behind the opening at least one deflection area is provided, preferably before entering the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be deflected, and / or that the at least one tool for loosening and / or for picking up the soil is a toothed strip.

8. Drill head according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least one tool is movable via a hydraulic cylinder to change the distance of the tool from the working face, and / or that the at least one tool is pivotable relative to the opening area, preferably via a hydraulic cylinder.

9. Drill head according to one of claims 5 to 7 characterized in thatthe distance of the opening area to the working face is adjustable, and that the adjustment of the distance is preferably carried out by a vertical movement of the suction box and / or by a pivoting of the suction box about a pivot point, wherein a drive is provided for the movement or for the pivoting.

10. Drill head according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the suction box is arranged essentially horizontally, inclined or vertically.

11. Drill head according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that nozzles are provided in the opening area, which are preferably directed into the opening area and / or into the opening.

12. Drill head according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in thatat least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably a liquid or air, are provided in front of the opening on the underside of the drill head, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drill head, and / or that at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably a liquid or air, are provided behind the opening on the underside of the drill head, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drill head, and are directed towards the working face.

13. Drill head according to claim 12, characterized in that that the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector which, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component towards the working face and / or a directional component towards the opening, and / or that the jets of the at least two nozzles cause a blocking effect against a movement of the loosened soil against the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or a detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and / or acceleration of the loosened soil.

14. Drill head according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in the opening area at least one tool for receiving the soil, preferably in the form of a bar, is provided, which is preferably movable to change the distance of the tool to the working face, particularly preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder.

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