Graded reaming construction method of detachable multipurpose rotary excavating lower guide reaming barrel drill

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of grading reaming construction, and discloses a grading reaming construction method of a detachable multi-purpose rotary excavating lower guide reaming barrel drill, which comprises the following construction steps: 1) drilling in a soil layer by using a rotary excavating drilling bucket to form a soil layer hole; (2) the rotary excavating drilling bucket is dismantled, and a pilot hole is formed by drilling in a rock stratum through a pilot cylinder drill; (3) the upper centralizing cylinder is dismantled, and the pilot cylinder drill continuously drills along the pilot hole; (4) the pilot cylinder drill is dismantled, a hole expanding cylinder drill is used for conducting hole expanding drilling on the pilot hole till the lower guide cylinder reaches the set depth, and the pilot hole is provided with an unexpanded section; (5) the lower guide cylinder is dismantled, a reaming cylinder drill is used for conducting reaming drilling on the non-reaming section, the pilot hole is reamed to form a rock stratum hole, and the soil layer hole and the rock stratum hole are communicated up and down to form a pile hole; by means of tight and orderly cooperation of all the steps and cooperative work of all specialized tools, the construction efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent relates to the technical field of graded hole reaming construction, specifically to a graded hole reaming construction method using a detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of pile foundation construction, graded hole expansion construction is a common technique, especially widely used in situations with complex geological conditions, large pile diameters, and pile tips that need to pass through different strata.

[0003] In existing technologies, graded hole reaming construction usually adopts a segmented graded hole reaming method. That is, after drilling the previous hole diameter is completed, the drill rod and drill bit need to be completely removed, and a larger diameter drill bit or other hole reaming tools need to be replaced before the next hole diameter is reamed. This not only increases the time cost of equipment disassembly and installation, but also makes the construction process cumbersome and susceptible to interference because repositioning and calibration are required after each tool change, further reducing the overall construction efficiency.

[0004] Furthermore, existing graded borehole enlargement methods lack targeted tool combinations and collaborative operation strategies when dealing with different strata. They tend to choose simple tool switching methods but ignore the transition characteristics and construction connection requirements between different strata. This results in the need to readjust drilling parameters or deal with debris left over from drilling in soil layers during the borehole enlargement process in rock strata, thus prolonging the construction cycle.

[0005] Another method is the one-time staged expansion hole reaming, which can reduce the number of tool changes, but it has high requirements for the power and torque of the equipment. In addition, the drill bit is prone to jamming and the drill rod is prone to bending during the hole reaming process. This is especially true for large-diameter hole reaming operations, which not only reduces construction efficiency, but may also cause equipment failure and safety accidents, increasing construction risks and costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer for staged hole reaming, aiming to solve the problem of low efficiency in staged hole reaming in the prior art.

[0007] This invention is implemented as follows: a detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer with staged hole enlargement construction method, comprising the following construction steps:

[0008] 1) The drill rod is connected to the rotary drilling bucket, which is used to drill in the soil until the surface of the rock layer is reached, forming a hole in the soil layer;

[0009] 2) Remove the rotary drilling rig bucket, connect the drill rod to the pilot drill and the upper centralizing tube. The upper centralizing tube is located above the pilot drill. The diameter of the upper centralizing tube is the same as the diameter of the soil hole, and the diameter of the pilot drill is smaller than the diameter of the upper centralizing tube. Use the pilot drill to drill in the rock strata to form a pilot hole.

[0010] 3) Remove the upper straightening cylinder, and the pilot cylinder drill continues to drill along the pilot hole until the bottom of the pilot hole is drilled to the set depth;

[0011] 4) Remove the pilot drill and connect the reaming drill and the lower guide tube to the drill rod. The lower guide tube is located below the reaming drill and has the same diameter as the pilot drill. The diameter of the reaming drill is the same as the diameter of the soil hole.

[0012] The pilot hole is drilled by the reaming tube drill, and the lower guide tube moves synchronously along the pilot hole until the lower guide tube reaches a set depth. The pilot hole has an unreamed section located below the reaming tube drill and which has not been drilled.

[0013] 5) Remove the lower guide cylinder and use the reaming drill to ream the unreamed section until the reaming drill reaches the bottom of the pilot hole. The pilot hole is reamed to form a rock stratum hole. The diameter of the rock stratum hole is the same as the diameter of the soil stratum hole. The soil stratum hole and the rock stratum hole are connected vertically to form a pile hole.

[0014] Furthermore, in construction step 1), the construction site is compacted and leveled before the rotary drilling bucket drills into the soil.

[0015] Furthermore, in construction step 4), when the lower guide cylinder reaches the set depth, there is a set height distance between the lower guide cylinder and the bottom of the pilot hole.

[0016] Furthermore, in construction step 4), after the lower guide cylinder reaches the set depth, the rock debris generated during the borehole enlargement drilling is removed from the unexpanded section using a slag-removing drill bucket.

[0017] Furthermore, in construction step 4), the reaming cylinder drill surrounds and forms a reaming cavity with a bottom opening, and an upper connecting cylinder is provided in the reaming cavity; the top of the lower guide cylinder has a lower connecting cylinder that is detachably connected to the upper connecting cylinder; the lower guide cylinder is located below the reaming cylinder drill, and the bottom of the reaming cylinder drill is provided with multiple drill bits, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the reaming cylinder drill.

[0018] During the process of the borehole enlargement drill bit drilling the pilot hole, multiple drill bits cut and drill into the rock strata.

[0019] Furthermore, in construction step 4), the upper part of the lower connecting cylinder is embedded in the reaming cavity and connected to the upper connecting cylinder, while the lower part of the lower connecting cylinder is located below the reaming cylinder drill and is integrated with the lower guide cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, in construction step 4), the upper connecting cylinder is provided with multiple upper through holes, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the upper connecting cylinder; the lower connecting cylinder is provided with multiple lower through holes, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the lower connecting cylinder.

[0021] The upper connecting cylinder is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder, and the multiple upper through holes are respectively arranged in an inner-outer-outer-inner alignment with the multiple lower through holes. Bolts are inserted into the lower through holes, and the bolts simultaneously pass through the upper through holes to fix the upper connecting cylinder and the lower connecting cylinder relative to each other.

[0022] Furthermore, in construction step 4), the upper connecting cylinder is provided with a positioning block protruding from its outer periphery, and the lower connecting cylinder is provided with a positioning groove with a top opening. When the upper connecting cylinder is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder, the positioning block is embedded in the positioning groove through the top opening until the multiple upper through holes are respectively aligned with the multiple lower through holes inside and out.

[0023] Furthermore, in construction step 4), the top of the reaming cylinder drill has a reaming top plate, the top of the upper connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the reaming top plate, and the outer periphery of the upper connecting cylinder is provided with multiple circumferential ribs, which are arranged around the upper connecting cylinder at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder; the outer periphery of the circumferential ribs is fixedly connected to the reaming cylinder drill, and the top of the circumferential ribs is fixedly connected to the reaming top plate.

[0024] The lower guide cylinder has a guide top plate at its top, and the lower connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the guide top plate; the lower guide cylinder is provided with a plurality of lower reinforcing plates, which are arranged at intervals around the lower guide cylinder in the circumferential direction, and the top of the lower reinforcing plates is fixedly abutting against the guide top plate from bottom to top.

[0025] The lower connecting cylinder is provided with multiple upper reinforcing plates, which are arranged around the lower connecting cylinder at intervals in the circumference. The bottom of each upper reinforcing plate is fixedly abutted against the guide top plate from top to bottom.

[0026] Furthermore, in construction step 4), the outer periphery of the lower guide cylinder is provided with spirally arranged protruding ribs, which are spirally arranged along the circumference of the lower guide cylinder; the protruding ribs are provided with notch areas with outer openings, and multiple notch areas are arranged at intervals along the spiral direction of the protruding ribs.

[0027] A rotating shaft is inserted into the notch area, the rotating shaft extends along the axial direction of the lower guide cylinder, and the two ends of the outer opening are respectively formed with pointed ends.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer hole stage reaming construction method provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] 1) In the soil layer hole formation stage, the rotary drilling bucket is used to quickly cut the soil layer and rapidly complete the construction of the soil layer hole, which greatly reduces the time spent in the soil layer drilling process. Then, in the rock layer drilling process, the combination design of the pilot tube drill and the centralizing tube ensures the accuracy of the pilot hole diameter and reduces the initial drilling resistance by using the smaller diameter of the pilot tube drill, thereby improving the efficiency of rock layer drilling.

[0030] 2) After the upper straightening cylinder is removed from the lower guide, the pilot cylinder drill continues to drill along the pilot hole to the set depth, avoiding the tedious repeated positioning and calibration process, further optimizing the construction sequence and saving time costs.

[0031] 3) In the hole reaming process, the coordinated operation of the reaming tube drill and the lower guide tube becomes the key to improving efficiency; among them, the lower guide tube not only provides reliable guidance and support for the reaming tube drill, effectively reducing the offset and vibration during the hole reaming process and ensuring the hole reaming accuracy, but also can move synchronously with the reaming tube drill, which greatly improves the smoothness and speed of the hole reaming operation.

[0032] 4) For secondary hole reaming operations where the bottom section of the pilot hole has not been reamed, it is only necessary to remove the lower guide tube and continue drilling with the reamer. This can be completed smoothly without repeated disassembly and replacement of large tools, thus reducing unnecessary downtime caused by equipment switching and allowing the staged hole reaming construction from soil layer holes to rock layer holes to continue. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide hole reamer stage hole reaming construction method provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation state of the reaming tube drill provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the reaming barrel drill provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the raised rib provided by the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: reaming tube drill 100, drill bit 101, reaming top plate 102, circumferential stiffening plate 103;

[0038] Upper connecting cylinder 200, upper through hole 201, lower connecting cylinder 202, and fixed block 203;

[0039] The lower guide cylinder 300, the guide top plate 301, the lower reinforcing plate 302, the raised rib 303, the rotating shaft 304, and the tip position 305. Detailed Implementation

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0042] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] Reference Figure 1-4 The image shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer staged hole enlargement construction method includes the following construction steps:

[0045] 1) The drill rod is connected to the rotary drilling bucket, which is used to drill into the soil layer until the surface of the rock layer is reached, forming a hole in the soil layer;

[0046] 2) Remove the rotary drilling rig bucket, connect the drill rod to the pilot drill and the upper centralizing tube. The upper centralizing tube is located above the pilot drill. The diameter of the upper centralizing tube is the same as the diameter of the soil hole, and the diameter of the pilot drill is smaller than the diameter of the upper centralizing tube. Use the pilot drill to drill in the rock strata to form a pilot hole.

[0047] 3) Remove the upper straightening cylinder, and continue drilling along the pilot hole until the bottom of the pilot hole reaches the set depth;

[0048] 4) Remove the pilot drill and connect the reamer 100 and the lower guide tube 300 to the drill rod. The lower guide tube 300 is located below the reamer 100. The diameter of the lower guide tube 300 is the same as the diameter of the pilot drill, and the diameter of the reamer 100 is the same as the diameter of the soil hole.

[0049] The pilot hole is enlarged by the reamer 100, and the lower guide cylinder 300 moves synchronously along the pilot hole until the lower guide cylinder 300 reaches the set depth. The pilot hole has an unenlarged section located below the reamer 100 and not enlarged by drilling.

[0050] 5) Remove the lower guide tube 300 and use the reamer drill 100 to ream the unreamed section until the reamer drill 100 drills to the bottom of the pilot hole. The pilot hole is reamed to form a rock layer hole. The diameter of the rock layer hole is the same as the diameter of the soil layer hole. The soil layer hole and the rock layer hole are connected vertically to form a pile hole.

[0051] The above-described detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer with staged hole enlargement method has the following advantages:

[0052] 1) In the soil layer hole formation stage, the rotary drilling bucket is used to quickly cut the soil layer and rapidly complete the construction of the soil layer hole, which greatly reduces the time spent in the soil layer drilling process. Then, in the rock layer drilling process, the combination design of the pilot tube drill and the centralizing tube ensures the accuracy of the pilot hole diameter and reduces the initial drilling resistance by using the smaller diameter of the pilot tube drill, thereby improving the efficiency of rock layer drilling.

[0053] 2) After the upper straightening cylinder is removed from the lower guide, the pilot cylinder drill continues to drill along the pilot hole to the set depth, avoiding the tedious repeated positioning and calibration process, further optimizing the construction sequence and saving time costs.

[0054] 3) In the hole reaming stage, the coordinated operation of the reaming tube drill 100 and the lower guide tube 300 becomes the key to improving efficiency; among them, the lower guide tube 300 not only provides reliable guiding support for the reaming tube drill 100, effectively reducing the offset and vibration during the hole reaming process and ensuring the hole reaming accuracy, but also can move synchronously with the reaming tube drill 100, which greatly improves the smoothness and speed of the hole reaming operation.

[0055] 4) For the secondary reaming operation of the unexpanded section at the bottom of the pilot hole, it is only necessary to remove the lower guide tube 300 and continue to drill 100 with the reaming tube to complete the operation smoothly. There is no need to repeatedly disassemble and replace large tools. This reduces the unnecessary downtime caused by equipment switching and allows the staged reaming construction from soil layer hole to rock layer hole to continue.

[0056] In this embodiment, in construction step 1), the construction site is compacted and leveled before the rotary drilling bucket drills into the soil.

[0057] This avoids problems such as drill rod tilting and swaying caused by uneven ground, thereby reducing the time spent on repeated positioning and correction due to site factors, and laying the foundation for efficient drilling in the future.

[0058] In this embodiment, during construction step 4), when the lower guide cylinder 300 reaches the set depth, there is a set height distance between the lower guide cylinder 300 and the bottom of the pilot hole.

[0059] This allows for ample space to be reserved for subsequent hole reaming operations, avoids direct collision between the reaming tube drill 100 and the bottom of the pilot hole during the reaming process, reduces the risk of equipment damage, and ensures a smooth transition in the hole reaming operation, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0060] In this embodiment, in construction step 4), after the guide cylinder 300 reaches the set depth, the rock debris generated by the hole enlargement drilling in the distance interval is removed from the unenlarged section using the slag removal drill bucket.

[0061] By promptly removing rock debris, interference with subsequent hole reaming operations was avoided, effectively preventing excessive wear and jamming of drill bit 101, and further improving the continuity and efficiency of hole reaming operations.

[0062] In this embodiment, in construction step 4), the reaming cylinder drill 100 surrounds and forms a reaming cavity with a bottom opening, and an upper connecting cylinder 200 is provided in the reaming cavity; the top of the lower guide cylinder 300 has a lower connecting cylinder 202 that is detachably connected to the upper connecting cylinder 200; the lower guide cylinder 300 is located below the reaming cylinder drill 100, and a plurality of drill bits 101 are provided at the bottom of the reaming cylinder drill 100, and the plurality of drill bits 101 are arranged around the reaming cylinder drill 100 at intervals along the circumference of the reaming cylinder drill 100.

[0063] During the process of the reaming drill 100 reaming the pilot hole, multiple drill bits 101 cut and drill the rock strata.

[0064] The structural design of the reaming cylinder drill 100 enables multiple drill bits 101 to cut the rock strata evenly, improving the uniformity and efficiency of hole reaming. At the same time, the detachable upper connecting cylinder 200 and lower connecting cylinder 202 facilitate quick disassembly and replacement, reducing downtime during construction and thus improving construction efficiency.

[0065] In this embodiment, in construction step 4), the upper part of the lower connecting cylinder 202 is embedded in the reaming cavity and connected to the upper connecting cylinder 200. The lower part of the lower connecting cylinder 202 is located below the reaming cylinder drill 100 and is connected to the lower guide cylinder 300 as a whole.

[0066] This not only enhances the connection stability between the reaming barrel drill 100 and the lower guide cylinder 300, but also ensures the guiding accuracy during the reaming process, reduces offset and vibration during the reaming process, improves the reaming quality, and facilitates disassembly and installation.

[0067] In this embodiment, in construction step 4), the upper connecting cylinder 200 is provided with a plurality of upper through holes 201, which are arranged around the upper connecting cylinder 200 at intervals in the circumference. The lower connecting cylinder 202 is provided with a plurality of lower through holes, which are arranged around the lower connecting cylinder 202 at intervals in the circumference.

[0068] The upper connecting cylinder 200 is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder 202, and the multiple upper through holes 201 are respectively arranged inside and outside the multiple lower through holes. Bolts are inserted into the lower through holes, and the bolts pass through the upper through holes 201 simultaneously, so as to fix the upper connecting cylinder 200 and the lower connecting cylinder 202 relative to each other.

[0069] Bolted connections are not only simple and reliable, but also facilitate quick disassembly and installation, reducing equipment adjustment time during construction.

[0070] In this embodiment, in construction step 4), the upper connecting cylinder 200 is provided with a positioning block 203 protruding from its outer periphery, and the lower connecting cylinder 202 is provided with a positioning groove with a top opening. When the upper connecting cylinder 200 is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder 202, the positioning block 203 is embedded in the positioning groove through the top opening until the multiple upper through holes 201 are respectively aligned with the multiple lower through holes inside and outside.

[0071] By setting the positioning block 203 and the positioning groove, the precise docking between the upper connecting cylinder 200 and the lower connecting cylinder 202 is ensured, which improves the accuracy and stability of the connection and reduces construction delays caused by connection errors.

[0072] In this embodiment, in construction step 4), the top of the reaming cylinder drill 100 has a reaming top plate 102, the top of the upper connecting cylinder 200 is fixedly connected to the reaming top plate 102, and the outer periphery of the upper connecting cylinder 200 is provided with a plurality of circumferential stiffeners 103, which are arranged around the upper connecting cylinder 200 at intervals along the circumference; the outer periphery of the circumferential stiffeners 103 is fixedly connected to the reaming cylinder drill 100, and the top of the circumferential stiffeners 103 is fixedly connected to the reaming top plate 102.

[0073] The lower guide cylinder 300 has a guide top plate 301 at its top, and the lower connecting cylinder 202 is fixedly connected to the guide top plate 301; the lower guide cylinder 300 is provided with a plurality of lower reinforcing plates 302, which are arranged around the lower guide cylinder 300 at intervals in the circumference, and the top of the lower reinforcing plates 302 is fixedly abutting against the guide top plate 301 from bottom to top.

[0074] The lower connecting cylinder 202 is provided with multiple upper reinforcing plates, which are arranged around the lower connecting cylinder 202 at intervals in the circumference. The bottom of the upper reinforcing plates is fixedly abutted against the guide top plate 301 from top to bottom.

[0075] By adding multiple circumferential stiffeners 103 and upper and lower reinforcing plates 302, the overall strength and rigidity of the reaming barrel drill 100 and the lower guide cylinder 300 are significantly improved, reducing equipment deformation and damage caused by vibration and impact during the reaming process, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the reaming operation, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0076] In this embodiment, in construction step 4), the lower guide cylinder 300 is provided with spirally arranged protruding ribs 303 on its outer periphery, and the protruding ribs 303 are spirally arranged along the circumference of the lower guide cylinder 300; the protruding ribs 303 are provided with notch areas with outer openings, and multiple notch areas are arranged at intervals along the spiral direction of the protruding ribs 303.

[0077] A rotating shaft 304 is inserted into the notch area. The rotating shaft 304 extends along the axial direction of the lower guide cylinder 300, and the two ends of the outer opening are respectively formed with tip positions 305.

[0078] By arranging the rotating shaft 304, the lower guide cylinder 300 is prevented from getting stuck in the pilot hole, ensuring the smooth rotation of the lower guide cylinder 300 and improving guiding efficiency. Secondly, the outer opening has a pointed tip 305, which can cut the local protrusions in the pilot hole, thereby ensuring the smooth rotation of the lower guide cylinder 300. While ensuring the smooth progress of the hole enlargement operation, it further improves the reliability and efficiency of construction.

[0079] The following will provide a specific, clear, and complete description of the aforementioned detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling reamer with lower guide hole drilling staged hole reaming construction method in practical application, so as to make the implementation process of the detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling reamer with lower guide hole drilling staged hole reaming construction method easier to understand.

[0080] Demountable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer staged hole enlargement construction method:

[0081] I. Construction Process

[0082] The following describes the usage of a detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling rig with a guide bucket, taking a 2m diameter pile hole as an example. During pile hole construction, a 2.0m diameter rotary drilling bucket is used to drill through the soil layer until the bearing stratum surface is reached. For the rock layer layer, two-stage drilling is used, at 1.5m and 2.0m depths. The specific steps are as follows:

[0083] 1. First 1.5m borehole: First, use a 1.5m diameter pilot drill with a 2.0m diameter upper straightening cylinder to drill the pilot hole and take out the rock core. Then replace it with a 1.5m diameter drill and drill along the pilot hole to the design elevation of the pile bottom.

[0084] 2. Second stage 2.0m drilling: First, install a 1.5m diameter lower guide tube, and then use a 2.0m diameter multi-purpose rotary drilling rig with a lower guide tube to drill to the design elevation of the pile bottom. After that, remove the lower guide tube and leave the 2.0m diameter drilling rig to level the bottom of the hole.

[0085] II. Key Points of Construction Operation

[0086] (I) Preparations before construction:

[0087] 1. Remove all obstacles within the construction area, level the site, and replace and compact loose soil to ensure that the construction area can safely support heavy equipment such as drilling rigs and crawler cranes.

[0088] 2. Based on the design drawings, use a total station to accurately measure and lay out the pile positions, drive in the positioning piles, and install the casing.

[0089] 3. Select the appropriate rotary drilling rig model based on the pile diameter, rock embedment depth, and strength. After the drilling rig is in place, use the cross-shaped method to center the hole position to ensure the accuracy of the drilling.

[0090] (ii) Drilling from the soil layer to the rock surface using a 2.0m diameter rotary drilling bucket:

[0091] 1. During the soil drilling stage, use a rotary drilling bucket with a diameter of 2.0m to operate until drilling to the strongly weathered bottom or moderately weathered rock surface.

[0092] 2. During the drilling process, high-quality mud is used to protect the borehole wall and ensure its stability.

[0093] 3. After drilling to the bearing stratum, use a slag-removing flat-bottom drill bit to repeatedly clean the slag at the bottom of the hole to create favorable conditions for subsequent drilling.

[0094] (III) Drilling the first pilot hole with a 1.5m diameter pilot tube and a 2.0m diameter upper centralizing tube:

[0095] 1. Use a 1.5m diameter pilot drill with a 2.0m diameter upper stabilizer to drill the first pilot hole. The diameter of the upper stabilizer is the same as the diameter of the borehole in the soil layer. Under the lateral constraint of the borehole in the soil layer, the verticality of the pilot hole can be effectively guaranteed.

[0096] 2. When the drilling depth approaches the internal height of the upper centralizing drill (approximately 1.5m), stop drilling and replace the core drill to retrieve the pilot core, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the core.

[0097] (iv) Drill a 1.5m diameter tubular drill along the pilot hole to the design elevation of the pile bottom:

[0098] 1. Replace with a 1.5m diameter core drill and continue drilling along the pilot hole. After drilling to a certain depth, use a core drill to extract the core. Repeat the drilling and core extraction process until the design elevation of the pile bottom is reached.

[0099] 2. Finally, use a slag-removing drill bucket to level the bottom of the hole and complete the construction of the 1.5m diameter primary pilot hole, preparing for subsequent hole enlargement operations.

[0100] (v) Install a 2.0m diameter detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling rig with a 1.5m diameter lower guide tube for the second stage of reaming in the rock formation:

[0101] 1. Replace with a detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling reamer with a lower guide tube diameter of 1.5m, the same as the guide hole diameter, and a reamer diameter of 2.0m, the same as the designed pile diameter. During drilling, the lower guide tube, under the lateral constraint of the guide hole, can effectively ensure the verticality of the borehole and ensure the accuracy of the reaming operation.

[0102] 2. During the drilling process, after drilling a certain distance, use a slag-removing drill bucket to clean the slag in a timely manner, keep the bottom of the hole clean, and reduce the wear and jamming risk of the drill bit.

[0103] 3. Repeat the hole enlargement and slag removal process until the designed elevation of the pile bottom is reached.

[0104] (vi) After removing the 1.5m diameter lower guide tube, drill and level the bottom of the remaining 2.0m diameter reaming tube:

[0105] 1. Due to the shape of the drill bit in the guide borehole reamer, the bottom of the hole may be stepped after reaming, requiring leveling of the bottom of the hole.

[0106] 2. By disassembling the bolts connecting the lower guide tube and the reamer, the 1.5m diameter lower guide tube can be easily removed, leaving a 2.0m diameter reamer for the entire platform stepped hole bottom.

[0107] 3. Use a cuttings removal drill bit to clean up the drill cuttings generated during the hole leveling process to ensure the flatness and cleanliness of the hole bottom, meeting the requirements of subsequent construction.

[0108] III. Scope of Application

[0109] The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling reamer with lower guide tube installed can be used as a guide tube drill, suitable for large-diameter hard rock graded reaming drilling; after the lower guide tube is removed, it can be used as a conventional tube drill for rotary drilling hole formation operations, adapting to various geological conditions requiring rotary drilling.

[0110] IV. Drilling Tool Characteristics

[0111] 1. Versatile Application Scenarios: By disassembling and assembling the lower guide tube, this drilling tool can adapt to a variety of complex construction scenarios. Whether it is drilling operations in complex rock formations that require guidance or drilling operations in conventional formations that do not require guidance, the installation status of the lower guide tube can be easily adjusted, which greatly improves the versatility and flexibility of the drilling tool.

[0112] 2. Reduced construction costs: The detachable design of the lower guide tube enables "one drill for multiple uses". Without reducing drilling efficiency and quality, it reduces the types and quantities of drill tubes that need to be purchased. This not only reduces the cost of equipment investment, but also reduces the management and maintenance costs of the equipment, bringing significant economic benefits to construction companies.

[0113] 3. Convenient transportation and installation: Compared with the traditional welded integral bottom guide reamer, the detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling bottom guide reamer is designed with greater emphasis on the convenience of transportation and installation. Its detachable structure makes the drill bit smaller and lighter in size during transportation and storage, which is convenient for transportation and storage. At the same time, the installation and disassembly on the construction site are more efficient, which can effectively shorten the construction preparation time and equipment idle time.

[0114] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer for staged hole reaming construction, characterized in that, The construction steps include the following: 1) The drill rod is connected to the rotary drilling bucket, which is used to drill in the soil until the surface of the rock layer is reached, forming a hole in the soil layer; 2) Remove the rotary drilling rig bucket, connect the drill rod to the pilot drill and the upper centralizing tube. The upper centralizing tube is located above the pilot drill. The diameter of the upper centralizing tube is the same as the diameter of the soil hole, and the diameter of the pilot drill is smaller than the diameter of the upper centralizing tube. Use the pilot drill to drill in the rock strata to form a pilot hole. 3) Remove the upper straightening cylinder, and the pilot cylinder drill continues to drill along the pilot hole until the bottom of the pilot hole is drilled to the set depth; 4) Remove the pilot drill and connect the reaming drill and the lower guide tube to the drill rod. The lower guide tube is located below the reaming drill and has the same diameter as the pilot drill. The diameter of the reaming drill is the same as the diameter of the soil hole. The pilot hole is drilled by the reaming tube drill, and the lower guide tube moves synchronously along the pilot hole until the lower guide tube reaches a set depth. The pilot hole has an unreamed section located below the reaming tube drill and which has not been drilled. 5) Remove the lower guide cylinder and use the reaming drill to ream the unreamed section until the reaming drill reaches the bottom of the pilot hole. The pilot hole is reamed to form a rock stratum hole. The diameter of the rock stratum hole is the same as the diameter of the soil stratum hole. The soil stratum hole and the rock stratum hole are connected vertically to form a pile hole.

2. The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer hole stage reaming construction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In construction step 1), the construction site is compacted and leveled before the rotary drilling bucket drills into the soil.

3. The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer hole stage reaming construction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In construction step 4), when the lower guide cylinder reaches the set depth, there is a set height distance between the lower guide cylinder and the bottom of the pilot hole.

4. The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer hole stage reaming construction method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In construction step 4), after the lower guide cylinder reaches the set depth, the rock debris generated by the hole enlargement drilling in the distance interval is removed from the unexpanded section using a slag removal drill bucket.

5. The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer hole stage reaming construction method as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, In construction step 4), the reaming cylinder drill surrounds and forms a reaming cavity with a bottom opening, and an upper connecting cylinder is provided in the reaming cavity; the top of the lower guide cylinder has a lower connecting cylinder that is detachably connected to the upper connecting cylinder; the lower guide cylinder is located below the reaming cylinder drill, and the bottom of the reaming cylinder drill is provided with multiple drill bits, which are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the reaming cylinder drill. During the process of the borehole enlargement drill bit drilling the pilot hole, multiple drill bits cut and drill into the rock strata.

6. The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer hole stage reaming construction method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In construction step 4), the upper part of the lower connecting cylinder is embedded in the reaming cavity and connected to the upper connecting cylinder, while the lower part of the lower connecting cylinder is located below the reaming cylinder drill and is integrated with the lower guide cylinder.

7. The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer hole stage reaming construction method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In construction step 4), the upper connecting cylinder is provided with multiple upper through holes, which are arranged around the upper connecting cylinder at intervals along the circumference of the upper connecting cylinder; the lower connecting cylinder is provided with multiple lower through holes, which are arranged around the lower connecting cylinder at intervals along the circumference of the lower connecting cylinder. The upper connecting cylinder is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder, and the multiple upper through holes are respectively arranged in an inner-outer-outer-inner alignment with the multiple lower through holes. Bolts are inserted into the lower through holes, and the bolts simultaneously pass through the upper through holes to fix the upper connecting cylinder and the lower connecting cylinder relative to each other.

8. The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer hole stage reaming construction method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In construction step 4), the upper connecting cylinder has a positioning block protruding from its outer periphery, and the lower connecting cylinder has a positioning groove with a top opening. When the upper connecting cylinder is inserted into the lower connecting cylinder, the positioning block is embedded in the positioning groove through the top opening until the multiple upper through holes are respectively aligned with the multiple lower through holes inside and out.

9. The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer hole stage reaming construction method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In construction step 4), the top of the reaming cylinder drill has a reaming top plate, the top of the upper connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the reaming top plate, and the outer periphery of the upper connecting cylinder is provided with multiple circumferential ribs, which are arranged around the upper connecting cylinder at intervals along the circumference; the outer periphery of the circumferential ribs is fixedly connected to the reaming cylinder drill, and the top of the circumferential ribs is fixedly connected to the reaming top plate. The lower guide cylinder has a guide top plate at its top, and the lower connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the guide top plate; the lower guide cylinder is provided with a plurality of lower reinforcing plates, which are arranged at intervals around the lower guide cylinder in the circumferential direction, and the top of the lower reinforcing plates is fixedly abutting against the guide top plate from bottom to top. The lower connecting cylinder is provided with multiple upper reinforcing plates, which are arranged around the lower connecting cylinder at intervals in the circumference. The bottom of each upper reinforcing plate is fixedly abutted against the guide top plate from top to bottom.

10. The detachable multi-purpose rotary drilling guide reamer hole stage reaming construction method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, In construction step 4), the lower guide cylinder is provided with spirally arranged protruding ribs on its outer periphery, and the protruding ribs are spirally arranged along the circumference of the lower guide cylinder; the protruding ribs are provided with notch areas with outer openings, and multiple notch areas are arranged at intervals along the spiraling direction of the protruding ribs. A rotating shaft is inserted into the notch area, the rotating shaft extends along the axial direction of the lower guide cylinder, and the two ends of the outer opening are respectively formed with pointed ends.

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