Guideway device with display unit arranged in the landing area, method, and use

Abstract

Users of guideway devices must be attentive during a deboarding / boarding process, in particular due to the circulating steps / pallets. At the same time, the respective user may want to also obtain information, whether it be with respect to the operating state or external system-independent conditions, e.g. information relating to the surroundings of the guideway device. According to the invention, a guideway device is provided that has an optical display unit which is coupled to a control unit of the guideway device and is arranged in at least one of the landing areas of the guideway device at an axial distance to the circulating handrail of the guideway device and which is designed to output visually perceivable operating information, relating at least to operating parameters, to users by means of at least one display field of the optical display unit in the corresponding landing area, said display field being arranged at a vertical position above the circulating handrail. The display unit is designed to specify the type and / or position of the display / visualization of the visually perceivable operating information on the optical display unit, in particular on the basis of the at least one operating parameter and / or in a time-based manner. In this manner, safety-relevant information can also be provided in an effectively visually perceivable manner.

Description

[0001] Guideway device with display unit arranged in the landing area and method and use

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present invention relates to a guideway device comprising a drive unit, a circumferential handrail, a control unit, a measuring device, two landing areas and steps or pallets guided circumferentially therebetween, wherein the measuring device comprises at least one sensor unit measuring at least one operating parameter of the guideway device, wherein the control unit is configured to output at least one control specification as a function of instantaneous measurement signals or measured values ​​of the measuring device relating to the at least one operating parameter and as a function of time. In particular, the present invention relates to guideway devices configured as an escalator or moving walkway. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for providing visually perceptible information in such a guideway device, in particular in escalators or moving walkways.Last but not least, the present invention also relates to the use of a column-like optical display unit for providing information in such a guideway device in advantageous relative positions relative to the respective user. In particular, the invention relates to a device and a method according to the preamble of the respective independent claim.

[0004] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0005] When using guideway devices, users are usually in a busy situation in which current, situation-specific, or location-dependent information is useful. For example, users are traveling and / or have to do some shopping. Users may be lost in thought, trying to get their bearings, or trying to stick to travel times or efficiently organize other appointments or errands. This leads to users not always being particularly attentive when using the guideway devices; they may even be busy using a smartphone. This also poses security risks that can also be relevant for the institutions operating the guideway devices.In this respect, there is interest in improving the awareness of users in connection with the use of escalators, in particular in order to be able to more easily point out potentially safety-relevant aspects when using the respective travel device and to be able to address the users in their current individual situation.

[0006] Examples include visual display elements, which, for example, indicate the operating status or the direction of movement of the rotating steps on escalators. Based on such display elements, for example in the form of an access symbol and / or color-illuminated display elements, there is a clear need for options for improved information provision.

[0007] Publication EP 3 875 419 A1 describes an escalator with columns arranged in the landing area, on which information for users can be displayed with regard to the desired or recommended manner of use (walking or standing still) of the right and left running lanes of the escalator, in particular with regard to the highest possible transport capacity and unhindered use of the escalator by user groups of different mobility, in particular in the sense of "standing on the right, walking on the left".

[0008] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The task is to provide a guideway device and a corresponding visualization method with which the attention of users of the guideway device can be gained as easily and reliably as possible, in particular for the purpose of providing information in connection with the use of the respective guideway device, in particular safety-relevant information.

[0010] This object is achieved by a guideway device according to claim 1 and by a method according to the independent method claim. Advantageous developments of the invention are explained in the respective subclaims. The features of the exemplary embodiments described below can be combined with one another, unless this is explicitly denied. A guideway device is provided, in particular an escalator or a moving walkway, comprising a drive unit, a circumferential handrail, a control unit, a measuring device, two landing areas, and steps or pallets guided circumferentially between them, wherein the measuring device comprises at least one sensor unit measuring at least one operating parameter of the guideway device.wherein the control unit is configured to output at least one control specification (or at least one type of control specification) as a function of instantaneous measurement signals or measured values ​​of the measuring device relating to the at least one operating parameter, as well as as a function of time; According to the invention, it is proposed that the guideway device has an optical display unit coupled to the control unit and arranged in at least one of the landing areas at an axial distance from the surrounding handrail, and is configured to output visually perceptible operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter to users, in particular also in a position along the guideway, by means of at least one display field of the optical display unit arranged at a height position above the surrounding handrail, at least in the corresponding landing area, wherein the display unit has a logic unit,which is / can be coupled to the control unit and is configured to specify the type and / or position, in particular the height position, of the display / visualization of the visually perceptible operating information on the optical display unit, in particular as a function of at least one operating parameter and / or as a function of time. This enables the user's attention to be attracted, particularly with regard to safety-relevant situations, as well as targeted information transfer, whereby the scope of the transferred information can also be increased compared to previously available display means.

[0011] The logic unit (e.g., computer) provided individually for each display unit also enables either central control of the information visualization for multiple display units (e.g., the same information displayed simultaneously) or individual display unit-specific visualization, e.g., time-dependent and / or as a function of a user's current relative position along the guideway device. Such a decentralized architecture also enables retrofitting or expanding the display units used for existing guideway devices that are already installed / operated on site. The content to be visualized can also be compiled individually for each display field of the display unit, in particular depending on the current user volume or, for example,also the current brightness of the environment (current decision parameter, in particular system-specific and individual for each display unit also location-specific or direction-specific). For example, the current user volume itself can also be visualized, e.g. by having a schematic representation of the individual users in the corresponding relative positions on the respective travel device in an installation comprising several, for example, lined-up travel device(s) on each display unit; this makes it easier to identify peak times during an inspection of a building or institution, which also enables forward-looking energy requirement planning, or in combination with elevator systems, also enables user guidance such that users are recommended to use the elevator system or the travel device(s) preferentially, depending on the current capacity utilisation situation.

[0012] Advantageously, the logic unit is configured to select the information to be visualized on the corresponding display unit and to divide or compile the manner of visualizing the information on at least two monitors of the display unit into at least two display fields each, in particular in a height-position-specific manner (i.e., in a certain sense hierarchical, particularly since users tend to perceive or absorb the topmost or leftmost piece of information first). A corresponding computer program can comprise graphics program code configured to display the corresponding information distributed across at least two or three display fields / areas of the respective monitor.

[0013] Optionally, the respective display unit is equipped with a Bluetooth interface or similar proximity sensor technology, particularly common in smartphones, so that implementation of a visualization as a function of the exact current relative position of the respective user is facilitated, particularly based on current proximity measurements. Depending on proximity measurements, the operating mode of the respective display unit, in particular the manner of distribution / visualization of the displayed information, can be adapted. For example, a very heavily utilized guideway device (users on almost every step / pallet) can be implemented differently than a very lightly utilized guideway device (e.g., dimming the brightness in at least one display field when there are no users in a predefined close vicinity or depending on a distance threshold).

[0014] The respective sensor unit can be provided as a component of the measuring device or spatially separated from it and can, for example, be load sensors relating to the

[0015] Occupancy / utilization of the travel path device, proximity sensors relating to a current distance of a user to the display unit, brightness sensors, in particular relating to daylight or the environment, temperature and / or humidity sensors or similar sensors.

[0016] In other words, the present invention can also be described as follows: The respective display unit has an internal computer (logic unit) which can individually compile the content to be visualized and make it available for visualization on the integrated display fields (panels), in particular also depending on a relative position (location) of the display unit relative to other display units of the guideway device. In this case, different decision parameters can be implemented either centrally in a (central) control unit of the guideway device and / or decentrally in the respective logic unit, based on which it can be specified which information is to be displayed on the respective display field (panel), for example: i) (System-specific) operating information according to operating states of the guideway device (referred to here as the first information type), which e.g.can be switched via potential-free contacts in the guideway device; for this purpose, for example, 24VDC signals (depending on the status of the guideway device) are transmitted to digital inputs of the integrated computer of the respective display unit; for example, a type of traffic light visualization is implemented, in the form of dynamic signage, by means of which, for example, the direction of travel of the steps / pallets of the guideway device can be displayed - in this way, passengers can recognize from a distance which guideway device or whether a guideway device is traveling up or down, or that they are approaching the guideway device from the wrong direction; ii) external (system-unspecific) information (referred to here as the second information type, such as manufacturer-related promotional content for advertising purposes or market-relevant information dissemination), which is transmitted, for example, via a digital interface (e.g.via TCP / IP or FTP) to the respective internal computer and stored there, whereby this information is preferably displayed in a time-controlled manner for the purpose of targeted user group addressing (but is not necessarily time-dependent), i.e. is provided depending on at least one time parameter (e.g. only in the morning between 07:00 and 08:00); such external information (especially advertising content) can e.g.static content (in particular text and images) and / or audio and video-based multimedia video clips; iii) dynamic, at least day- / time-dependent information (referred to here as the third information type) can be transferred to the respective internal computer and stored in the respective display unit via a digital interface, for example information for the orientation and guidance of customers (retail), travel information (infrastructure); for example, in shopping centers, such information can indicate where which products or services can be found (e.g. floor, direction or similar location information or spatial visualization); in this respect, the handling of the publication of current information at the correspondingly relevant positions or at the correspondingly targeted moments (e.g.This simplifies the process of determining the time / position at which a user is about to arrive at the respective floor or platform, and the user has to process less information that may not even be relevant to him / her. In other words: Instead of an engraved or adhesive acrylic sign, an electronic visualization using several display fields such as LED display fields can be targeted at ideal times or optimal relative positions (i.e. times or relative positions of a user relative to the potential destinations), whereby the respective visualized information can be updated easily and without significant time delays, e.g. when the location (environment) and / or the range of goods / services offered by the institution or location of the guideway device changes, or when it is a matter of providing up-to-the-minute information (third type of information), such asTo visualize timetables for train or bus connections, for example travel information at train stations (“Train to destination XYZ on platform 03”) or at airports (“Boarding for flight XYZ123 now at Gate 08”), or if, for example, attention is to be drawn to special events, e.g. an exhibition opening taking place in the institution in which the travel device is installed or similar rather irregular events;.

[0017] Such a display unit according to the invention can also be referred to here as an infotainment traffic light column with reference to the range of functions that can be implemented.

[0018] The safety-relevant range of functions can advantageously be individually expanded depending on the installation situation, in particular by at least one of the following units / devices: a) Emergency stop triggering interface, in particular in the form of a manually operated emergency brake, in particular at a comparatively high installation height, so that a user must raise their arm in order to be able to reach a brake lever of the emergency stop triggering interface; in this way, this emergency stop function is also provided in such a way that the actuation of the emergency brake is clearly visible to neighbouring persons, and thus misuse can also be prevented; b) Integrated barrier unit, in particular comprising at least one band-like pedestrian guidance unit; this also enables further measures and advantages in connection with maximising safety, in particular simple / pragmatic barriers (no access), e.g.when an upper level in a shopping centre is no longer to be accessible (e.g. at the end of an opening period or at the end of a store's business hours); this means that the barrier can be implemented very quickly and easily; the range of functions can be individually extended depending on the installation situation, in particular by at least one of the following add-on parts, assemblies or modules: c) at least one integrated light barrier and / or radar sensors; in particular thanks to the light barrier function being located relatively far forward in the landing area on the respective display unit (advanced position of the light barrier or the respective radar sensor), people can be detected more quickly, whereby the control of the guideway device can be further optimised; d) provision of an end post for safety curtains or bars, orIntegration of an appropriate mounting interface or coupling for corresponding safety devices; in the event that a safety curtain is to be installed on the guideway device, the respective display unit can serve as an end post, in particular to attach a glass pane of the safety curtain and to provide additional stability.

[0019] It should be noted that, for example, a shared monitor or display can also be provided for individual display panels of the display unit. In other words, each display panel does not necessarily have to be implemented by an individual monitor or display. It should also be noted that the same or different types of display panels can be implemented for individual display panels of the display unit, whereby the individual display panels can be operated by the integrated logic unit (or by a computer) regardless of the type. For example, the following types: LED, OLED, LCD, Nano-LED, LED foil.A display unit with, for example, three display fields can optionally have one, two or three of these types, in particular depending on the intended installation situation of the guideway device and / or depending on the type of information displayed in each display field (e.g. depending on the required level of detail, which can be significantly lower for symbols or a colour traffic light than, for example, for characters or orientation plans).

[0020] According to one embodiment, the optical display unit emits the visually perceptible operating information in a field of view that at least partially overlaps the landing area in plan view, in particular by at least 50%, or that is arranged entirely within the landing area, for example, a field of view with an opening angle in the range of 30-70°. This also enables more targeted information dissemination, specifically for those users who are currently approaching the corresponding landing area (or who are moving away from the steps / pallets via the landing area, depending on the direction of travel in which the display unit emits the information). In other words: The display unit has at least one display field that is designed, aligned, and / or configured such that the field of view defined by the corresponding display field at least partially overlaps the landing area, in particular by at least 50%.Optionally, multiple display panels, each with an individual field of view, can be provided, in particular a first display panel with a relatively narrower field of view (optimized for visibility from a distance) and a second display panel with a relatively wider field of view, which can, for example, also be oriented more laterally toward the landing area (optimized for visibility from close up, particularly during a phase in which a user grasps the corresponding handrail or is directly in front of it). In this way, the time / moment of information transfer can be predefined even more precisely, which also facilitates guiding / leading users based on the most important / interesting information at that particular moment.

[0021] As explained elsewhere here, it is advantageous if the respective display unit also broadcasts in both directions of travel, thus also addressing those users who are currently moving away from the steps / pallets via the landing area, i.e., exiting the guideway device. This also enables efficient use of the visualization area created by the column-like display unit from both sides or in both directions of travel. For this purpose, the display unit can be equipped with a mounting cavity or mounting option for, for example, two oppositely arranged monitors, thus being designed with sufficient depth.

[0022] According to the invention, the optical display unit has display fields on both opposite ends facing in both directions of travel of the guideway device, preferably at least two display fields each. This further improves the transmission of information, for example, even in the case of very elongated guideway devices on which a user may position himself for a relatively long period of time and may also look around, e.g., even back against the direction of travel.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the optical display unit is designed like a column, in particular with a floor-mounted stand, in particular having a height of at least 1 m, in particular with a maximum height of 2.5 m, in particular having a width in the range of 20 cm to 50 cm, in particular with the corresponding display field having a width in this range, in particular a width of at least 20 cm. This also provides particularly good visibility, whereby detailed information (e.g. in comparatively small print) or site plans can be provided in a clearly perceptible manner, in particular much more easily perceptible than, for example, on a smartphone display, which makes it easier for users of very advanced age to absorb information.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the optical display unit has a plurality of display fields, each for a predefined type of information, preferably based on at least one of the following display technologies: LED, OLED, LCD, Nano-LED, LED foil, in particular at least one first display field for a first information type (preferably system-specific operating information, in particular safety-relevant system-specific operating information, e.g. relating to direction-dependent and landing area-specific accessibility and / or operational readiness information and / or malfunction information) and at least one second display field, preferably arranged underneath, for a second information type (external system-unspecific information, preferably relating to information generated by external circumstances such asA current event provides directional information or location information regarding a predefined destination based on the target landing area and / or location / time-specific media content, e.g., regarding currently offered products / services. This also enables a kind of hierarchy regarding the importance of the information provided and, not least, facilitates orientation for the user, e.g., in a very large shopping center or airport with numerous navigation devices, where the corresponding information type can be found by default in the same places or at comparable elevations.

[0025] According to one exemplary embodiment, the guideway device is configured to output visually perceptible operating information on at least one display panel relating to at least one operating parameter from the following group: movement status of the guideway device (in particular first direction or second direction or standstill), load status of the guideway device, current energy consumption or current energy efficiency, and current loading status of individual steps or pallets. This also facilitates the dissemination of information related to technical aspects of the use and / or maintenance of the guideway device.

[0026] According to one exemplary embodiment, the (respective) optical display unit is arranged laterally next to the corresponding landing area, particularly in an axially aligned extension of the handrail. This also ensures an ergonomic arrangement combined with good visibility, particularly without particularly disadvantageous restrictions regarding the space required for the device or maneuvering options for users.

[0027] According to one exemplary embodiment, the guideway device has at least two optical display units coupled to the control unit and arranged in one of the landing areas, and is configured to output visually perceptible operating information relating to at least one of the following operating parameters individually and decentrally by means of the respective optical display unit to users in the corresponding landing area: movement status of the guideway device, load status of the guideway device, current energy consumption or current energy efficiency, current loading status of individual steps or pallets. This also makes it possible, not least, to display different operating information to users in a first landing area than to users in a second landing area, or to display first operating information to a specific user upon boarding the guideway device (e.g.“please do not walk or run, especially due to the heavy load on the moving walkway”) and when deboarding (leaving) the travel device a second operating information (e.g. “please do not forget the piece of luggage behind you”), or vice versa.

[0028] According to one exemplary embodiment, the operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter comprises at least one piece of safety information, in particular a safety warning, in particular a safety warning relating to a load state of the guideway device, and / or time-dependent / time-specific operational readiness information, and / or malfunction information. This also enables reliable and effective transmission of safety-relevant information. This information type is preferably displayed in the most important hierarchical position, in particular in a topmost display field.

[0029] According to one exemplary embodiment, the operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter comprises at least one piece of safety information, which is (can be) visually displayed by means of color highlighting (in particular red) in a preferably upper display field of the display unit, in particular in the manner of a traffic light visualization dependent on the direction of travel (comprising at least the colors red and green). This also makes it easier to classify the displayed information, in particular from a distance. A user can therefore quickly and easily recognize whether a guideway device is in operation or accessible or will be accessible again very soon. Optionally, a countdown function can also be implemented, via which users can immediately see when the guideway device will be accessible again, e.g. when it will change direction of travel again.

[0030] The information visualized by the respective display panel can also be provided by implementing digital signage functionality or digital signage measures relating to the coupling of the control unit and the respective logic unit of the corresponding display unit depending on the parameters described here, in particular in a location-specific manner, taking into account the respective installation location of the respective display unit. In a network of multiple display units, the respective display unit can also be uniquely identifiable and addressable by at least one identification feature (key, code, identifier, or the like). Optionally, central control specifications can lead to the simultaneous visualization of specific information on multiple display units.

[0031] According to one exemplary embodiment, the optical display unit has at least three display fields arranged one above the other, each for a predefined type of information, preferably based on at least one of the following display technologies: LED, OLED, LCD, nano-LED, LED foil. This includes a first display field for a first information type (preferably system-specific operating information, particularly safety-relevant) and a second display field arranged below it for a second information type (preferably external, non-system-specific information), and a third display field arranged below it for a third information type (preferably dynamic, at least day / time-dependent information, particularly concerning currently current travel information). This also allows the scope and categories (types) of the visualized information to be expanded and structured even more clearly.Depending on the installation situation and / or the type of information to be displayed, the expert can specify which display technologies (in particular LED, OLED, LCD, Nano-LED, LED foil) are preferably implemented, if necessary also in combination with one another, e.g. depending on the size of a respective display field.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the guideway device has at least one further optical display unit arranged intermediately between the landing areas along the travel path of the steps or pallets and is configured to output visually perceptible information relating to the at least one operating parameter to users by means of the intermediate further optical display unit at the corresponding longitudinal position along the travel path. This also enables efficient / effective targeted information transfer to other relative positions of the respective user along the relocation / travel path; in particular, since a user walks past a single display unit relatively quickly (or does not want to impede the flow of passers-by / users), the option of displaying the information repeatedly or in a modified form, e.g.every 10m, also enable a more even flow of users (passing through / transporting users without them stopping), which can further increase the actually used transport capacity.

[0033] According to one exemplary embodiment, at least one display unit of the guideway device has an emergency stop trigger interface, particularly in a location 1.5 m above walking level. This also enables a manually initiated safety measure to be implemented directly in spatial connection with a displayed (safety-relevant) piece of information. This also makes operation even safer, particularly for situations in which a system-based emergency stop is not provided or may fail.

[0034] According to one exemplary embodiment, at least one display unit of the guideway device has a barrier unit, in particular in an integrated arrangement at least integrated in a vertical section overlapping the handrail, in particular comprising at least one preferably rollable, band-like pedestrian guidance unit. This also facilitates subsequent measures in response to an emergency stop or other operational disruptions or otherwise necessary access closures.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the at least one display unit of the guideway device has a light barrier and / or radar measuring unit, in particular a light barrier aligned laterally at least approximately orthogonal to the axial direction of the handrail and / or a radar measuring unit aligned axially away from the handrail, in particular in the form of a combined light barrier and radar measuring unit, in particular with the display unit at an axial distance from the surrounding handrail of at least 1 m. This also enables optimized use of the visualization options described here, in particular in a needs-oriented manner depending on the users currently present.Preferably, the (respective) light barrier and / or radar measuring unit is coupled to the logic unit of the corresponding display unit, particularly in such an implementation that the optical detection of a user triggers at least one visualization measure on at least one display field of the display unit, particularly depending on the distance threshold. Thus, for example, a first piece of information can be visualized when the user approaches at a distance of, for example, 2.5 m (first distance threshold), and a second piece of information can be visualized when the user approaches at a distance of, for example, 1.5 m (second distance threshold), and / or the visualization occurs depending on whether any user is detected in the detection range of the light barrier and / or radar measuring unit.

[0036] According to one exemplary embodiment, at least one display unit of the guideway device has a coupling or mechanical interface to a safety curtain or bar, in particular in an axially aligned extension of the handrail, i.e., depending on the relative position of the display unit on an outer surface facing the handrail or facing laterally towards the landing area, in particular in a height section corresponding to the height of the handrail, in particular with the coupling or mechanical interface having at least one force-fitting / positive-fitting fastening point, e.g., a screw connection or a purely positive-fitting connection. This also enables an expanded range of functions for the respective display unit in conjunction with lateral support, which can also further improve safety.

[0037] It should be understood that a logic, computing, or control unit of the guideway device can generate signals, for example, regarding status messages (e.g., concerning movement / operation and / or load status), particularly via an electrical connection. The signals can be, for example, simple flags such as those stored in the following truth table: Based on this, the (current) status of the guideway device can be recorded using a module installed in the guideway device (referred to here as the status module). The status module is advantageously configured to convert electrical 24VDC signals generated by the guideway device into radio signals, which can be transmitted, preferably wirelessly, to the respective logic unit in the corresponding display unit (or column) by means of the status module (optionally via a communication module, optionally also via the control unit) and evaluated by the logic unit. The display unit can advantageously be equipped with a 230VAC power connection (signal connection exclusively via radio). The status module can optionally also be provided as a part or component of the control unit.

[0038] According to one exemplary embodiment, the guideway device has a status module configured to convert electrical VDC signals generated by the guideway device into radio signals. The guideway device is configured to transmit radio signals to the respective logic unit in the corresponding display unit, wherein the respective display unit is preferably connectable to a power grid via a VAC power connection. This enables wireless signal transmission based on the electrical VDC signals, in particular 24VDC signals. A radio signal can also be understood as a common near-field communication protocol, for example. Thus, the conversion can take place centrally, and the processing of a corresponding signal or the display of related information can take place decentrally at a location that is advantageous for the user.This also favors a central architecture, by means of which communication takes place with the respective display unit, while at the same time advantageously maintaining a slim structure of the entire arrangement.

[0039] Advantageously, the respective optical display unit and / or at least one further optical display unit of the guideway device arranged intermediately along the guideway has a plurality of display fields, wherein at least one opposite display field radiating in the opposite direction is provided. This improves the perceptibility of the information at the respective position along the guideway, i.e. not necessarily only in the respective landing area, and thus also increases the level of information of the users; for example, a safety warning can therefore be communicated very clearly, even purely visually, even if the display units are only arranged in the landing areas, because, for example,A user positioned in the middle of an escalator can then perceive the information both in a direction of travel and in the opposite direction to the direction of travel, especially if the corresponding display field is comparatively large.

[0040] The above-mentioned object is also achieved by a method according to the corresponding independent method claim, in particular in a guideway device according to the present disclosure, namely by a method for providing visually perceptible information in at least one landing area of ​​a / the guideway device, in particular in an escalator or a moving walkway, each comprising a drive unit, a revolving handrail, a control unit, a measuring device, two landing areas and steps or pallets guided revolving therebetween, wherein at least one operating parameter of the guideway device is recorded,wherein at least one control specification for providing the information is output as a function of instantaneous measurement signals or measured values ​​relating to the at least one operating parameter and optionally also as a function of time; wherein at least part of the information provided is provided to users of the guideway device as operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter that is visually perceptible at a height position above the surrounding handrail, wherein the type and / or position, in particular the height position, of the visually perceptible information provided is specified, in particular decentrally in the respective landing area of ​​the guideway device,In particular, depending on at least one operating parameter and / or depending on time. The information is provided by at least one optical display unit on opposite ends of the display unit in both directions of travel of the guideway device using display fields emitting in opposite directions of travel. This results in the aforementioned advantages, particularly with regard to the possibility of optimizing the visibility of currently relevant / important information, particularly safety-relevant information, either centrally for the entire guideway device (i.e., simultaneously on several display units in at least two landing areas) or decentrally for each display unit or area. This not only provides more effective user guidance but can also noticeably improve the level of safety when using the guideway device.

[0041] According to one embodiment, the visually perceptible information is displayed on a plurality of display fields, each corresponding to a predefined type of information, in particular a first information type (preferably system-specific operating information) on a first display field and a second information type (preferably system-unspecific information) on a second display field arranged below it, and optionally also a third information type (preferably dynamic, in any case day / time-dependent information) on a third display field arranged below it. This also facilitates the targeted absorption of specific information for the user.

[0042] According to one embodiment, at least two types of information are output decentrally as a function of current measurement signals or measured values ​​relating to the at least one operating parameter and also as a function of time on at least two display fields of the respective display unit, in particular also as a function of current measured values ​​of a light barrier and / or radar measuring unit of the respective display unit, i.e. as a function of the current presence of at least one user. This also enables interaction with the respective user, so that their attention can be gained even more specifically. For example, in particular with comparatively elongated guideway devices (e.g.In the case of moving walks over a very long length / distance or escalators over a very large height difference, a travel duration (first type of information) can be specified at a current displacement speed of the travel device, in particular with regard to current travel times of a public transport means (third type of information). In this way, a user can quickly recognize whether he / she needs to hurry. According to one embodiment, electrical VDC signals generated by the travel device are converted into radio signals and transmitted to the respective logic unit of the corresponding display unit, in particular by means of a status module of the travel device. This also favors a lean communication architecture in which the respective display unit only needs to be connected via a 230VAC power connection, for example.

[0043] The aforementioned object is also achieved by a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to execute a method for providing visually perceptible information according to the present disclosure on the computer, in particular a computer program product configured to specify the manner of visualizing information in at least one display field, each decentralized on a display unit of a guideway device, based on at least one decision parameter relating to a current user volume or at least one environmental parameter such as brightness. Based on the aforementioned advantages, this also facilitates the decentralized optimization of the visualization on a respective individual display unit.The computer program is preferably implemented such that the logic unit is configured to output centrally provided information decentrally on the corresponding display unit on at least two monitors, in particular in different / individual ways on the respective monitor (e.g., specific to the direction of travel with regard to potential local destinations of the respective users), in particular on at least two monitors in at least two display fields each.

[0044] The above-mentioned object is also achieved by using at least one column-like optical display unit in at least one landing area of ​​a guideway device, in particular in an axially aligned arrangement with a circumferential handrail of the guideway device, wherein a measuring device detects at least one operating parameter of the guideway device and outputs a corresponding measurement signal to a control unit of the guideway device, wherein the optical display unit outputs visually perceptible operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter to users by means of at least one display field of the optical display unit arranged at a height position above the circumferential handrail in the corresponding landing area, in particular by means of at least two display fields emitting in opposite directions of travel, wherein a logic unit of the display unit coupled to the control unit detects the type and / or position,In particular, the height position of the display / visualization of the visually perceptible operating information on the optical display unit is specified, in particular as a function of at least one operating parameter and / or as a function of time. The information is provided by at least one optical display unit on opposite ends of the display unit in both directions of travel of the guideway device using display fields emitting in opposite directions of travel. This allows the aforementioned advantages to be realized, in particular with regard to linking a particularly safety-relevant visualization measure with other device-related safety-relevant measures, such as lateral protection or a barrier. This also allows the human-machine interaction or the corresponding interface to be further improved.

[0045] Summary: With guideway devices, users must be careful when disembarking / boarding, especially due to the surrounding steps / pallets. At the same time, however, the user also wants to receive information, whether regarding the operating status or external, system-independent conditions, e.g., regarding the surroundings of the guideway device.According to the invention, a guideway device is provided which has an optical display unit coupled to its control unit and arranged in at least one of the landing areas of the guideway device at an axial distance from the circumferential handrail of the guideway device and is designed to output visually perceivable operating information relating to at least one operating parameter to users by means of at least one display field of the optical display unit arranged at a height position above the circumferential handrail in the corresponding landing area, wherein the display unit is designed to specify the type and / or position of the display / visualization of the visually perceivable operating information on the optical display unit, in particular depending on the at least one operating parameter and / or depending on the time. This allows, for example,Safety-relevant information is also provided in an effective, visually perceptible manner.

[0046] SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARACTERS

[0047] The invention is described in more detail in the following drawing figures. Reference numbers not explicitly described in a particular drawing figure refer to the other drawing figures. They show: Figures 1A and 1B each show a schematic side view of a guideway device according to an exemplary embodiment, configured as an escalator (Fig. 1A) and configured as a moving walkway (Fig. 1B);

[0048] Figure IC shows a schematic plan view of a guideway device according to an embodiment;

[0049] Figures 2 and 3 each show a display unit configured for integration into a guideway device according to an embodiment in a perspective side view (isometry) and in a sectional perspective side view (isometry);

[0050] Figure 4 shows a front view of a display unit configured for integration into a track device according to an embodiment;

[0051] Figures 5A, 5B each show in detail, in a sectional perspective side view (isometry), individual components of a display unit configured for integration into a guideway device according to an embodiment;

[0052] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0053] The invention will first be explained with general reference to all reference numerals and figures. Special features or individual aspects of the present invention will be discussed in connection with the respective figure.

[0054] A travel path device 10 (in particular escalator or moving walkway) is provided, comprising a drive unit 11, a central control unit 12 (optionally equipped with a wireless communication module and / or signal conversion module), at least one measuring device 13 with at least one sensor unit 16, at least one first (e.g. lower) and at least one second (e.g. upper) landing area 14a, 14b, circumferentially guided steps or pallets 15 and at least one circumferential handrail 17 or at least one pair of opposite circumferential handrails.

[0055] The guideway device 10 has an optical display unit 20a, 20b in each of the first and second landing areas, and optionally, additional optical display units 20' can be provided intermediately between the landing areas. In the landing areas, the display units 20a, 20b are preferably each mounted by means of a floor-mounted column (base) 21, and any additional display units 20' arranged intermediately are preferably each mounted by means of a floor-mounted (without ground contact) base 21', in particular on a side wall of the guideway device 10.

[0056] The respective display unit 20a, 20b preferably has a plurality of display panels 23, in particular a first, second, and third display panel 23.1, 23.2, 23.3, wherein optionally at least one opposite display panel 23a (or second monitor) radiating in the opposite direction is also provided. For example, the same display panels of a first end face are also provided / arranged on the opposite end face of the display unit.

[0057] The at least one display field is arranged in a section Z23 which is advantageously arranged high up, e.g. in the height range between the head and chest of a person of standard height, in particular significantly above the height zl7 of the handrail relative to the ground or to the steps / pallets.

[0058] The respective display unit 20a, 20b has a logic or computing unit 25 and optionally also a communication module 24 for wireless communication, but can alternatively or additionally be wired to the central control unit. A / the communication module 24 or a corresponding range of functions can also be installed in the logic / computation unit 25.

[0059] The measuring device 13 advantageously comprises at least one light barrier and / or radar measuring unit 29, in particular individually for each display unit with several measuring points 29.1, e.g., at different heights. The respective display unit advantageously also comprises at least one of the following further components: mounting interface or coupling 26 for attaching a safety curtain Z-bracket, emergency stop trigger interface 27 (e.g., configured as a lever or handle), barrier unit 28, in particular with at least one rollable or pre-tensioned, rolled-up band-like pedestrian guidance unit 28.1 mounted behind a lockable panel of the display unit.

[0060] The axial main extension direction x of the guideway device corresponds to the corresponding displacement direction of the users (at least in the case of the usually one- or two-dimensional extension of the guideway device according to a structurally predefined spatial plane xz), in the case of escalators also in the vertical direction z, wherein the respective display unit is arranged at an optimized axial distance x20 from the corresponding handrail end, and wherein the respective display field is arranged in an advantageous height section Z23, in particular above the handrail or higher than the handrail.

[0061] Fig. 1A shows an escalator 10 with a first display unit 20a in a lower landing area 14a and a second display unit 20b in an upper landing area 14b. Fig. 1A also shows a status module 18, by means of which electrical VDC signals generated by the travel device are converted into radio signals, wherein the radio signals are transmitted to the respective display unit in order to be evaluated by the respective display unit. The module 18 can also be integrated into the control unit 12. Fig. 1B shows a moving walk 10 with a first display unit 20a in a first landing area 14a and a second display unit 20b in a second landing area 14b. In addition to the first and second display units 20a, 20b, intermediately arranged display units 20' are also indicated or provided.IC indicates the field of view 22 defined by the corresponding display panel for the travel path device 10 (escalator or moving walkway) on one of the display units 20b. A respective display panel 23.1 can be aligned at a specific angle with its viewing axis X2, in particular slightly sideways to the landing area 14b, and radiates in a field of view 22 with an aperture angle a (either tapered or widened), which can be adapted to the circumstances and the installation situation, in particular such that users who are already a few degrees further to the side of this field of view or the viewing axis are no longer illuminated or addressed by the display panel, or are significantly less so. This also improves user guidance by limiting the time or relative position at which a user is confronted with the visualized information.Each display panel can have its own individual viewing axis and an individually wide field of view or an individual aperture angle a. Note: The indicated aperture angle a illustrates a tapered field of view; alternatively, the field of view can also become wider with increasing distance, thus having an aperture angle a that widens or enlarges the area from which the visualized information can be perceived.

[0062] As an alternative to the positions of the display units shown in Fig. 1, the display units can also be arranged, for example, between the end areas of the two adjacent parallel handrails in the case of escalators or moving walkways arranged next to one another (usual installation method when simultaneous implementation of both directions of travel is required), which results in synergy effects, particularly in the case of display fields provided on both sides (e.g. implemented by two monitors, see Fig. 6), e.g. in that users of both directions of travel or both travel path devices can be addressed simultaneously.

[0063] Fig. 2 shows that the at least one display field 23.1 can occupy a comparatively large area, for example, extending over a height section of, for example, 0.7 m and a width of, for example, 0.25 m. A subdivision of this visualization area into several individually playable display fields (or display areas) can be implemented individually, depending on the application, in particular a subdivision into two or three display fields / areas.

[0064] Fig. 2 also shows a / the cuboid basic shape of the display unit, i.e., a structure with panels or outer surfaces aligned at least approximately parallel or orthogonally to each other. Fig. 2 also shows an example of a 230VAC power connection 21.1.

[0065] In Fig. 3 it can be seen that the display unit has two opposite display fields 23, 23a, each of which is provided, for example, by a monitor mounted in the column.

[0066] Fig. 4 illustrates an exemplary division of the available visualization area into three display areas and a correlation of a specific information type with the respective display area. The first display field 23.1 displays a first information type II, namely system-specific operating information, for example, a green arrow indicating direction, or a red stop symbol (no access). The second display field 23.2 located below this displays a second information type 12, namely system-unspecific information, for example, information about the current weather in the immediate vicinity. The third display field 23.2 located below this displays3, a third information type 13 is visualized, namely day / time-dependent information, for example, a train departure time ("1:15 PM") or delay information for buses, trains, airplanes, autonomous vehicles, or similar means of transport. The individual display fields can also have different sized fields of view and / or differently aligned viewing axes (orientations), particularly depending on the importance of the information displayed. Fig. 4 also shows a panel 21a in the area of ​​superimposed fastening elements 21b (e.g., screw connections) for assembling and covering the column.

[0067] Figs. 5A, 5B show further details of the housing of the column, in particular concerning individual receptacles or mounting interfaces on a lateral side of the housing.

[0068] Figs. 6A and 6B show further details, particularly relating to a mounting / fastening option for two oppositely arranged monitors 20.1, 20.2 for the display panels 23, 23a. Furthermore, the following components are indicated: fastening means 21b, receptacle 21c (see Fig. 2) for an optional additional traffic light unit or for mounting flaps, housing components 21d such as external covers or lids or panels, and a monitor fastening 21e (which also comprises, for example, at least one threaded rod) which is preferably arranged centrally at half height in the back area of ​​the two opposite monitors. Figs. 5A and 6B also show a mounting flap 26.1 which can be used, for example, for coupling a safety device such as a safety curtain / bar.

[0069] Fig. 6B shows an example of a position of the optionally additionally implemented light barrier / radar measuring unit 29, 29.1.

[0070] The installation positions of the components shown in the figures, in particular of components 26 and 28, can vary or can also be at least partially interchanged with one another, in particular depending on an installation position of the display unit relative to the handrail and relative to the landing area.

[0071] In Fig. 7, steps of a method for providing visually perceptible information in at least one landing area on a display unit of a guideway device are schematically shown, wherein at least one control specification for providing the information is output as a function of instantaneous measurement signals or measured values ​​relating to at least one operating parameter and optionally also as a function of time (step S3), in particular for providing the information as operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter visually perceptible at a height position above a / the circumferential handrail of the guideway device; wherein at least one operating parameter of the guideway device is recorded (step S1); wherein the type and / or the position, in particular the height position defined by one of several display fields of the display unit,the visually perceptible information to be provided is specified centrally by a control unit according to a first control specification and / or decentrally by a logic unit of the display unit according to a second priority control specification (step S2), in particular as a function of at least one operating parameter and / or as a function of time. In this case, the respective information can be visualized spatially distributed across a plurality of display fields in connection with steps S2 and / or S3, in particular by distinguishing at least three information types across three display fields, in particular also as a function of instantaneous measured values ​​from a light barrier and / or radar measuring unit of the respective display unit. Step S2 and / or S3 can comprise sub-step S3.1: compiling graphics program code for displaying at least two types of information in at least two display fields of a monitor.

[0072] It should be noted that the described embodiments are merely examples that can be modified and / or supplemented in a variety of ways within the scope of the claims. Each feature described for a specific embodiment can be used independently or in combination with other features in any other embodiment. Any feature described for an embodiment of a specific claim category can also be used in a corresponding manner in an embodiment of another claim category, unless explicitly denied here.

[0073] List of reference symbols

[0074] 10 Travel device, in particular escalator or moving walkway

[0075] 11 Drive unit

[0076] 12 Control unit

[0077] 13 Measuring device

[0078] 14a, 14b first (e.g. lower) and second (e.g. upper) landing area

[0079] 15 circumferentially guided step or pallet

[0080] 16 Sensor unit

[0081] 17 surrounding handrail

[0082] 18 Status module

[0083] 20a, 20b optical display unit

[0084] 20.1 , 20.2 first and second monitor

[0085] 20 ' intermediately arranged additional optical display unit

[0086] 21 floor-mounted column (base)

[0087] 21.1 VAC power connection

[0088] 21a aperture

[0089] 21b Fasteners

[0090] 21c Mounting for optional additional traffic light unit or mounting flaps

[0091] 21d Housing component

[0092] 21e Monitor mount

[0093] 21 ' groundless (without ground contact) fixed base

[0094] 22 field of view

[0095] 23 Display field

[0096] 23a opposite display panel radiating in opposite direction

[0097] 23.1, 23.2, 23.3 first, second and third display field

[0098] 24 Communication module

[0099] 25 Logic unit

[0100] 26 Mounting interface, coupling for attaching safety curtain / bar

[0101] 26.1 Assembly flap

[0102] 27 Emergency stop trigger interface

[0103] 28 Shut-off unit

[0104] 28.1 Band-like pedestrian guidance unit 29 Light barrier and / or radar measuring unit

[0105] 29.1 Measuring point for light barrier and / or radar measuring unit

[0106] 11 first information type (system-specific operating information)

[0107] 12 second type of information (especially system-unspecific information)

[0108] 13 third information type (especially day / time-dependent information) x axial direction (main extension direction of the guideway device) x20 axial distance of the display unit to the handrail

[0109] X2 Sight axis z vertical direction zl7 Height of the handrail relative to the ground or to the steps / pallets

[0110] Z23 Mounting height section of at least one display panel a Opening angle of the field of view (tapering or widening)

[0111] 51 Recording at least one operating parameter (step S1)

[0112] 52 Central and / or decentralized specification of the type and / or location of the information to be provided (step S2)

[0113] 53 Providing visually perceptible information in at least one landing area on a display unit (step S3)

[0114] 53.1 Compiling graphics program code for displaying at least two types of information in at least two display fields of a monitor

Claims

Patent claims 1. A travel path device (10), in particular an escalator or moving walkway, comprising a drive unit (11), a revolving handrail (17), a control unit (12), a measuring device (13), two landing areas (14a, 14b) and steps or pallets (15) guided therebetween, wherein the measuring device comprises at least one sensor unit (16) measuring at least one operating parameter of the travel path device, wherein the control unit is configured to output at least one control specification as a function of instantaneous measurement signals or measured values ​​of the measuring device relating to the at least one operating parameter and as a function of time; characterized in that the travel path device (10) comprises an optical display unit (20a, 20b) coupled to the control unit (12) and arranged in at least one of the landing areas (14a, 14b) at an axial distance from the revolving handrail (17).20b) and is configured to output visually perceptible operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter to users by means of at least one display field (23) of the optical display unit arranged at a height above the circumferential handrail (17) in the corresponding landing area, wherein the display unit (20a, 20b) has a logic unit (25) which is / can be coupled to the control unit (12) and is configured to specify the type and / or position, in particular the height position, of / the visualization of the visually perceptible operating information on the display unit, in particular as a function of the at least one operating parameter and / or as a function of time, wherein the optical display unit has display fields (23, 23a) pointing in both directions of travel of the guideway device on both opposite end faces.

2. Guideway device according to claim 1, wherein the optical display unit emits the visually perceptible operating information in a field of view which at least partially overlaps the landing area in plan view, in particular by at least 50%, or which is arranged entirely within the landing area, for example a field of view with an opening angle in the range of 30-70°.

3. Guideway device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the optical display unit is designed in a column-like manner, in particular with a floor-mounted standing column, in particular with a height of at least 1 m, in particular with a height of a maximum of 2.5 m, in particular with a width in the range of 20 cm to 50 cm.

4. Guideway device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the optical display unit has a plurality of display fields for a respective predefined type of information, preferably each based on at least one of the following display technologies: LED, OLED, LCD, nano-LED, LED foil, in particular at least one first display field for a first information type and at least one second display field, preferably arranged underneath, for a second information type.

5. Guideway device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guideway device is configured to output visually perceptible operating information on at least one display field relating to the at least one operating parameter from the following group: movement status of the guideway device, load status of the guideway device, current energy consumption or current energy efficiency, current loading state of individual steps or pallets.

6. Guideway device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the optical display unit is arranged laterally next to the corresponding landing area, in particular in axially aligned extension of the handrail.

7. Guideway device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guideway device has at least two optical display units coupled to the control unit and arranged in one of the landing areas, respectively, and is configured to output visually perceptible operating information relating to at least one of the following operating parameters individually and decentrally by means of the respective optical display unit to users in the corresponding landing area: Movement status of the guideway device, load status of the guideway device, current energy consumption or current energy efficiency, current loading status of individual steps or pallets.

8. Guideway device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter comprises at least one piece of safety information, in particular a safety warning, in particular a safety warning relating to a load state of the guideway device and / or time-dependent / time-specific operational readiness information and / or malfunction information; and / or wherein the operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter comprises at least one piece of safety information, which can be visually reproduced by means of color highlighting in a preferably upper display field of the display unit, in particular in the manner of a traffic light visualization dependent on the direction of travel.

9. Guideway device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the optical display unit has at least three display fields arranged one above the other, each for a predefined type of information, preferably each based on at least one of the following display technologies: LED, OLED, LCD, Nano-LED, LED foil, namely a first display field for a first information type and a second display field arranged underneath for a second information type and a third display field arranged underneath for a third information type.

10. Guideway device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guideway device has at least one further optical display unit arranged intermediately between the landing areas along the guideway of the steps or pallets and is configured to output visually perceptible information relating to the at least one operating parameter to users by means of the intermediate further optical display unit at the corresponding longitudinal position along the guideway; and / or wherein at least one display unit of the guideway device has an emergency stop triggering interface, in particular in an arrangement above 1.5 m above walking level; and / or wherein at least one display unit of the guideway device has a barrier unit, in particular in an integrated arrangement at least integrated in a height section overlapping with the handrail, in particular comprising at least one preferably roll-out, band-like pedestrian guidance unit; and / or wherein at least one display unit of the guideway device has a coupling or mechanical interface to a safety curtain or bar, in particular in an axially aligned extension of the handrail, in particular in a height section corresponding to the height of the handrail;and / or wherein the at least one display unit of the guideway device has a light barrier and / or radar measuring unit, in particular a light barrier aligned laterally at least approximately orthogonally to the axial direction of the handrail and / or a radar measuring unit aligned axially away from the handrail, in particular in the form of a combined light barrier and radar measuring unit, in particular with the display unit at an axial distance from the circumferential handrail of at least 1 m.; II. Guideway device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guideway device has a status module configured to convert electrical VDC signals generated by the guideway device into radio signals, wherein the guideway device is configured to transmit radio signals to the respective logic unit in the corresponding display unit, wherein the respective display unit is preferably connectable to a power grid by means of a VAC power connection.

12. Method for providing visually perceptible information in at least one landing area (14a, 14b) of a travel path device (10), in particular in an escalator or a moving walkway, each comprising a drive unit (11), a revolving handrail (17), a control unit (12), a measuring device (13), two landing areas (14a, 14b) and steps or pallets (15) guided therebetween, wherein at least one operating parameter of the travel path device (10) is detected, wherein at least one control specification for providing the information as a function of instantaneous measurement signals or measured values ​​relating to the at least one operating parameter and optionally also as a function of time is output; wherein at least part of the information provided is provided to users of the guideway device (10) as operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter that can be visually perceived at a height above a / the surrounding handrail (17) of the guideway device, wherein the type and / or position, in particular the height position, of the visually perceptible information provided is predetermined, in particular decentrally in the respective landing area (14a, 14b) of the guideway device, in particular as a function of the at least one operating parameter and / or as a function of time, wherein the information is provided by means of at least one optical display unit on opposite end faces of the display unit in both directions of travel of the guideway device by means of display fields (23, 23a) emitting in opposite directions of travel.

13. Method according to the preceding method claim, wherein the visually perceivable information is visualized on a plurality of display fields according to a respective predefined type of information, in particular a first information type on a first display field and a second information type on a second display field arranged thereunder and optionally also a third information type on a third display field arranged thereunder.

14. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, wherein at least two types of information are output decentrally as a function of instantaneous measurement signals or measured values ​​relating to the at least one operating parameter and also as a function of time on at least two display fields of the respective display unit, in particular also as a function of instantaneous measured values ​​of a light barrier and / or radar measuring unit of the respective display unit.

15. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, wherein electrical VDC signals generated by the guideway device are converted into radio signals and transmitted to the respective logic unit of the corresponding display unit.

16. Computer program product comprising instructions which, when the computer program product is executed on a computer, cause the computer to execute a method according to one of the preceding method claims on the computer, in particular a computer program product set up to specify the manner of visualizing information in at least one display field, in each case decentrally on a display unit of a track device based on at least one decision parameter relating to a current user volume or at least one environmental parameter, in particular on at least two monitors in each case at least two display fields.

17. Use of a column-like optical display unit in at least one landing area of ​​a guideway device, in particular in an axially aligned arrangement with a circumferential handrail of the guideway device, wherein a measuring device detects at least one operating parameter of the guideway device and outputs a corresponding measurement signal to a control unit of the guideway device, wherein the optical display unit outputs visually perceptible operating information relating to the at least one operating parameter to users by means of at least one display field of the optical display unit arranged at a height above the circumferential handrail in the corresponding landing area, wherein a logic unit of the display unit coupled to the control unit specifies the type and / or position, in particular the height position, of the visualization of the visually perceptible operating information on the optical display unit,in particular as a function of at least one operating parameter and / or as a function of time, wherein the information is provided by means of at least one optical display unit on opposite end faces of the display unit in both directions of travel of the guideway device by means of display fields (23, 23a) emitting in opposite directions of travel.

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