Concrete block, in particular l-block made of concrete for creating a boundary block bond

Abstract

The invention relates to a concrete block (1) comprising a substantially L-shaped cross-section, in particular for creating a boundary block bond, said concrete block comprising at least a first limb portion (2) and an adjoining second limb portion (3), the first limb portion (2) forming a wall part (4) and the second limb portion (3) forming a base part (5), the concrete block (1) having, on a bottom side of the base part (5), a bearing surface (6) suitable for resting on a ground, and the concrete block (1) having a first and a second side surface (7, 8) which lie opposite one another and are each substantially L-shaped. Particularly advantageously, at least one elevation (9) forming a spacer is formed on the first L-shaped side surface.

Description

[0001] Concrete block, especially L-block made of concrete for creating a boundary stone composite

[0002] Technical area

[0003] The invention relates to a concrete block, in particular to an L-block made of concrete, which is designed in particular to create a limiting block structure.

[0004] State of the art

[0005] Concrete blocks with a substantially L-shaped geometry are well known in the art and are commonly referred to as L-blocks or angle blocks. Conventionally referred to as L-blocks or angle blocks, these blocks are generally unreinforced prefabricated elements. Reinforced L-shaped concrete blocks are also known, for which the term "wall slab" is occasionally used.

[0006] The L-shaped concrete blocks of this type are concrete blocks, namely precast concrete parts or precast concrete elements, that can be assembled to form an angled wall, for example, an angled retaining wall. Such L-blocks are used primarily in road construction, landscaping, and gardening, for example, for supporting slopes and small terrain changes or elevation changes.

[0007] The L-shaped blocks manufactured as precast concrete parts or precast concrete elements on an industrial scale in the concrete plant must be prepared for transport and delivery after production, in particular, they must be assembled into transport units in a technically and economically viable manner. Due to the L-shape of the concrete blocks, the construction of such transport units often presents problems with damage, such as edge breakage, which can, for example, cause mutual damage to the concrete blocks in contact within the transport units. This also gives rise to the need to reliably protect L-shaped concrete blocks from mechanical damage, especially from mutual damage.Traditionally, the concrete blocks in the transport units are equipped with appropriate packaging aids and materials to ensure safe transport and to adequately shield the concrete blocks from each other, thus preventing damage. However, this involves a significant amount of time and material, so that despite the state-of-the-art solutions, there is a need for improved concrete blocks.

[0008] Description of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a concrete block that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and is particularly resistant to mechanical damage. This object is achieved according to the invention by the concrete block according to independent claim 1. Further advantageous aspects, details, and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description, and the drawings.

[0010] The present invention provides a concrete block with a substantially L-shaped cross-section, which is designed in particular for creating a bounding block assembly. The concrete block comprises at least a first leg section and an adjoining second leg section. The first leg section forms or defines a wall part and the second leg section a base part. In this case, the concrete block has a support surface suitable for resting on a subsurface on an underside of the base part. The concrete block further has a first substantially L-shaped side surface and a second substantially L-shaped side surface opposite the first. According to a particular aspect of the invention, at least one elevation forming a spacer is formed on the first L-shaped side surface.

[0011] A "concrete block with a substantially L-shaped cross-section" is understood here to mean a concrete block, namely a precast concrete part or precast concrete element or precast concrete block, which has a substantially L-shaped geometry and can also be referred to here as an L-block or angle block. Several such concrete blocks with an L-shaped cross-section can be combined to form an angled wall, for example an angled retaining wall, in particular in a composite structure, namely arranged side by side in the same orientation, whereby the concrete blocks form a bounding block composite and can be used in particular to retain slopes and to support small changes in terrain or height.It is understood that the concrete blocks assembled in the composite are connected to one another with their side surfaces, with each concrete block being adjacent with its first side surface to the respective second side surface of the adjacent concrete block, so that in the stone composite, in the transition between adjacent concrete blocks, a first side surface and a second side surface always face one another.

[0012] When creating such a boundary block assembly, namely during installation, laying, or use of the concrete block, each concrete block is placed with its support surface on the underside of the base section on the prepared substrate, in particular on a concrete layer or concrete apron, whereby the wall section of the concrete block extends vertically upwards. The space between the wall section and the base section, i.e. the area located inside the L-shaped geometry or the interior of the concrete block, is backfilled with a suitable backfill, for example with gravel, crushed stone, or soil. At least over the height of the base section, the concrete block is also integrated into the substrate on the side opposite the backfill, i.e. the concrete block is only visible in an upper area.

[0013] The concrete block in question is already equipped with a distance securing device or transport securing device during manufacture by means of at least one elevation which forms a spacer and thus provides a distance securing device and transport securing device.

[0014] This distance protection, which is already provided for in the manufacturing process and is already present during the manufacture of the concrete block, serves particularly advantageously as transport protection for the concrete blocks, in particular when, on an industrial scale, these have to be packed or packaged for transport after production for delivery. In particular, the edges of the concrete blocks are effectively protected against mechanical damage, such as breakage, chips or the like, which in the present sense results in edge protection for the concrete blocks, in particular when several concrete blocks are arranged together, preferably to form a transport unit, for example a production or transport layer which is stackable, for example. The concrete block according to the invention therefore has the considerable advantage that, after its production, in the course of creating transportable assemblies orFor transport units, additional, additional spacing protection can largely be dispensed with. These are subsequently inserted between the concrete blocks in the form of packaging material elements after production. Packaging materials such as strips, parts, or elements made of wood or Styrofoam can thus be effectively saved.

[0015] Furthermore, the spacer already present during the manufacture of the concrete block also serves as a spacer between the concrete blocks assembled in the block composite during use or installation, thus facilitating the installation of the concrete blocks, particularly not only with regard to the installation process itself. The raised spacer also advantageously allows for greater tolerances regarding the flush, straight alignment of the concrete blocks, so that, for example, the conditions of the terrain or subsoil can be better taken into account with this concrete block.

[0016] Particular advantages also arise from the fact that the at least one elevation is formed only on the first side surface of the concrete block, while the second side surface, in contrast, is free of elevations and, in particular, also free of recesses, indentations, or depressions. The second side surface is thus formed as a flat or substantially flat, or even smooth surface, in particular without elevations and without depressions. A "flat surface without elevations and without depressions" is to be understood here as having a flatness that, within the context of the corresponding manufacturing process, meets the definition of "flat." A flat surface is therefore considered, in particular, to be a surface that is macroscopically flat or into which no elevations or depressions are introduced that are intended or intended for manufacturing purposes.However, it goes without saying that a flat surface within the meaning of the invention may have material-related roughness and / or microscopic surface irregularities.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of spaced-apart elevations are provided on the first side surface. The plurality of spaced-apart elevations on the first side surface are preferably arranged in the region of the first leg section and / or in the region of the second leg section. Particularly preferably, the plurality of elevations are distributed over the first side surface, in particular evenly distributed, preferably in both the first and second leg sections. The plurality of elevations further improves the spacing.

[0018] Preferably, the at least one elevation is formed by a convexly outwardly curved bulge. Most preferably, the at least one elevation has a surface in the shape of a spherical cap and can thus also be referred to as a cap-shaped or spherical-cap-shaped elevation or as a cap. Convexly outwardly curved elevations, in particular spherical-cap-shaped elevations, offer the advantage that the first side surface only bears against adjacent surfaces at specific points. For example, such curved elevations, in particular spherical-cap-shaped elevations, allow slight "pivoting" relative to an adjacent surface, thereby avoiding friction, tension, and the like that could lead to damage.

[0019] Alternatively, and just as preferably, the at least one elevation is formed by a flattened, projecting shoulder that tapers particularly outwards, wherein the term “projecting shoulder” can be understood here as a synonym for an extension, projection, elevation, bulge, nose, projecting formation or the like. In particular, the projecting shoulder has, on its upper side facing away from the flat surface of the first side surface, a flat and even shoulder cover surface, wherein the shoulder cover surface runs substantially parallel to the flat surface of the first side surface over which the shoulder projects. Such flattened, projecting shoulders, in turn, have the advantage that the first side surface can be provided with a contact or bearing surface that is larger, in particular only slightly larger, than with a point-based support.The support surface rests against adjacent surfaces, thereby avoiding any pressure points that may occur on the adjacent or adjacent surface of another concrete block.

[0020] The peripheral shape of the projecting extension can be arbitrary, for example, round, oval, or polygonal. Due to the preferred outward tapering of the extension, the extension top surface is preferably smaller than the base surface of the extension. Particularly preferably, the extension is essentially truncated cone-shaped, truncated pyramid-shaped, trapezoidal-shaped, or essentially in the shape of a spherical disk. Particularly in a variant embodiment as a spherical disk, a lateral surface of the extension is designed as a curved, arched lateral surface that arches around a projection axis running perpendicular to the first side surface and curves in the direction of the projection axis.

[0021] Particularly preferably, the present concrete block has several, preferably three, four, five, six, or seven, spherical cap-shaped elevations or protruding projections evenly distributed across the first side surface. The number of elevations is preferably selected depending on the geometry of the concrete block, in particular depending on its height.

[0022] The at least one elevation or the plurality of elevations preferably have a maximum elevation height in a range of approximately 2 mm to 4 mm, preferably approximately 3 mm. The elevation height corresponds to the extent to which the elevation protrudes beyond the flat portion of the surface of the first side face. Preferably, the at least one elevation or the plurality of elevations further have a maximum elevation diameter in a range of approximately 40 mm to 50 mm, preferably approximately 45 mm.

[0023] In the present concrete block, the first and second leg sections adjoin one another at right angles. Concomitantly, a rear surface of the first leg section forming the wall section, facing away from the base section, and the support surface provided on the underside of the base section also adjoin one another at right angles. A front surface of the first leg section forming the wall section, facing the base section, and an upper surface of the base section opposite the support surface preferably merge into one another via a curved surface section or at least one inclined surface section, whereby, in particular, a continuous inner surface of the concrete block is formed, namely jointly by the front surface of the wall section, the upper surface of the base section, and the curved or inclined surface section.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one web-like or rib-like projection is formed on a front surface of the foot part arranged at the free leg end of the foot part and / or on the rear surface of the wall part opposite the front surface of the foot part and / or on the upper surface of the foot part opposite the support surface. The at least one web-like or rib-like projection is designed, for example, as an elongated projection with a substantially trapezoidal cross-section. The projection advantageously serves as a spacer, which also forms a transport lock or protection. The concrete blocks can thus also be arranged horizontally, i.e., in a side position with a secure distance from one another, to form a transport unit.This eliminates the need for additional packaging material inserted between the concrete blocks and, despite the absence of packaging material, the concrete blocks arranged directly next to each other can be kept at a safe distance from one another.

[0025] Preferably, the arrangement of the rib-like projections and / or the combination of differently arranged projections is selected depending on the geometry of the concrete block, in particular depending on its height. For example, for concrete blocks with a lower height, the combination of opposing rib-like or web-like projections on the front surface of the base part and on the rear surface can prove advantageous for creating a transport unit, in particular a storage and transport position. Alternatively, for concrete blocks with a greater height, the combination of rib-like or web-like projections on the rear surface of the wall part and on the top surface of the base part can be advantageous.

[0026] Preferably, the at least one web-like or rib-like projection has a projection height in a range of approximately 3 mm to 6 mm, preferably in a range of approximately 4 mm to 5 mm.

[0027] The at least one web- or rib-like projection is designed, for example, as a continuous, elongated projection, which, in particular, extends continuously across the width of the concrete block. Preferably, the projection extends across the entire width of the concrete block, in particular from the first side surface to the second side surface.

[0028] According to a further preferred embodiment, the support surface provided on the underside of the concrete block is profiled and for this purpose has a profiling, wherein the profiling is formed in particular by a plurality of depressions and / or projecting elevations. The profiling on the support surface ensures, on the one hand, effective slip and / or displacement protection when the concrete block is in use or when installed, wherein the profiling ensures that the concrete blocks rest securely on the subsurface during use, i.e. when creating a limiting or supporting concrete block assembly, and slipping and / or displacement is prevented. The profiling ensures, for example, an interlocking with the subsurface to counteract displacement or slipping.

[0029] At the same time, the protruding ridges in the profile also act as spacers during the construction of transport units, namely as transport protection or transport securing. Particularly in combination with the protrusions on the front surface of the base section and on the rear surface of the wall section, the protruding ridges in the profile of the support surface also act particularly advantageously as transport protection for concrete blocks that are arranged horizontally, i.e., on their sides with a secure distance from one another, to form a transport unit. The protrusions and the protruding ridges in the profile thus work synergistically to create particularly effective transport protection, especially edge protection.

[0030] Particularly preferably, the depressions and / or protruding elevations of the profiling are formed in the form of trapezoidal or truncated pyramid-shaped recesses and / or trapezoidal or truncated pyramid-shaped projections. For example, a plurality of such projections can be arranged in a matrix-like manner and spaced apart from one another substantially evenly in several rows and columns. Alternatively, elongated or elongated projections can be provided, which extend substantially parallel to the width of the concrete block across the underside, preferably continuously across the entire width.

[0031] According to a further preferred embodiment, the first side surface has an upper side surface section arranged in the region of the first leg section and a lower side surface section arranged in the region of the second leg section and recessed relative to the upper side surface section. In particular, an offset is formed in a transition between the side surface sections via a step or an inclined surface. The measure or extent of the recess can also be understood in this case as the height or size of the offset, i.e. as the offset height, and lies in particular in a range of approximately 5 mm to 15 mm, preferably in a range of approximately 7 mm to 12 mm, and particularly preferably around 10 mm.According to the present understanding, the upper side surface section can also be referred to as a vertical side surface section, and the lower side surface section, correspondingly, as a horizontal side surface section. A "recessed side surface section" in the present sense means that the surface or face of the corresponding recessed side surface section, namely the lower side surface section, is recessed, i.e., it recedes relative to the surface or face of the upper side surface section in the direction of the opposite second L-shaped side surface or is offset inward with respect to the concrete block, namely, it is offset or recessed in the direction of the opposite second L-shaped side surface.

[0032] Accordingly, in this design variant, the lower width of the second leg section extending between the two opposite L-shaped side surfaces is reduced compared to the upper width of the first leg section of the concrete block extending between the two opposite L-shaped side surfaces. The difference between the lower and upper widths corresponds to the offset height of the offset between the side surface sections.

[0033] In these described embodiments, which have the recessed lower side surface section, at least one elevation is particularly preferably arranged on the upper side surface section in the first leg section and at least one elevation is arranged on the lower side surface section in the second leg section, which elevations can be referred to as upper and lower elevations. The elevation(s) on the lower side surface section, namely the lower elevations, preferably have a greater elevation height than the elevation(s) on the upper side surface section, namely the upper elevations. The elevation height of the lower elevations is preferably greater than the elevation height of the upper elevations by the amount of the offset height of the offset. In other words, the elevation height of the lower elevations corresponds to the sum of the offset height and the elevation height of the upper elevations.This advantageously ensures that all of the raised portions rise to the same extent above the first side surface, thus providing both secure spacing and transport security, as well as a uniform spacer for the installation process or in the installed state. According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a lower edge provided in a transition region from the first side surface to the support surface arranged on the underside is stepped, beveled, or chamfered. In particular, a chamfer, a bevel, or a step is formed on the lower edge.

[0034] The advantages of this design variant are that the stepped, beveled, or chamfered lower edge facilitates the setting or laying of the concrete blocks, allowing for greater precision and safety. Problems often arise when setting or laying concrete blocks due to so-called blocking grains, which protrude from the bedding or bedding layer, which usually consists of gravel or concrete, and interfere with or obstruct adjacent concrete blocks being set or laid. This can lead to a more difficult and time-consuming setting or laying process, as the affected concrete block sometimes has to be lifted and cleaned again due to such blocking grains.The chamfer or edge or step provided in the described preferred embodiment in the transition area to the profiled support surface on the underside, i.e. the stepped, bevelled or bevelled lower edge, advantageously ensures in a sufficient manner that the concrete blocks can be arranged correctly and flush next to one another despite any blocking grains that may be present.

[0035] The geometric design, shape, and / or dimensions of the bevel, fold, or step on the lower edge can vary. For example, a simple step can be formed essentially as a shoulder and have a step depth in a range of approximately 5 mm to 15 mm, preferably in a range of approximately 7 mm to 12 mm, and particularly preferably around 10 mm, as well as, for example, a step height in a range of approximately 10 mm to 25 mm, preferably in a range of approximately 15 mm to 20 mm, and particularly preferably around 18 mm.

[0036] Likewise, a bevel or inclined surface can be designed, for example, as a symmetrical or as an asymmetrical bevel. Preferably, the bevel is symmetrical and the angle of the bevel is 45°. A distance to the corresponding surfaces, namely to the first side surface and to the support surface, is, for example, in a range of approximately 10 mm to 30 mm, preferably from approximately 15 mm to 25 mm and particularly preferably around 20 mm. Preferably, the concrete block has a height extending in the direction of a vertical axis along the first leg section and a depth extending in the direction perpendicular to the vertical axis along the second leg section. The height corresponds in particular at least to the depth and is preferably greater than the depth.

[0037] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the height is greater than the depth by a factor a, wherein the factor a has an approximate value of 1.33 or 2 or 2.66 or 3.33 or 4, and wherein the depth is preferably around 300 mm. This allows the height of the concrete block to be selected depending on the application, and the concrete block can be made available in different heights. For example, the height can be approximately 40 cm or approximately 60 cm or approximately 80 cm or approximately 100 cm or approximately 120 cm. A width of the concrete block extending between the essentially L-shaped first and second side surfaces is preferably approximately 35 cm or approximately 50 cm.

[0038] The concrete block is preferably formed in one piece and is manufactured, in particular, mechanically or automatically, preferably using a paving block machine. The concrete block is preferably made of standard concrete. For example, the concrete block can also be provided with reinforcement, in particular with steel reinforcement. In such a design as a reinforced concrete block, it can also be referred to as a wall panel.

[0039] A surface on the top side of the concrete block, located at the free leg end of the wall section, forms a visible upper surface in the installed, service-ready state. The geometry and appearance of the top side is adapted to the optical and geometric design of a curbstone, particularly a deep curbstone. The term "deep curbstone" refers to a conventional deep curbstone. Conventional deep curbs are between 5 and 10 cm wide and are primarily used to demarcate sidewalks from private properties or as path borders in gardens, parks, or sports fields.

[0040] According to a preferred variant of the present concrete block, a chamfer is formed on the upper side along an outer edge facing away from the base part, i.e. the outer edge on the upper side of the concrete block, which is also visible in the installed state, is chamfered. The present invention also relates to a storage and transport layer comprising a plurality of concrete blocks arranged relative to one another in a predetermined layer arrangement as described above. Each storage and transport layer comprises an even number of concrete blocks. The respective second side surface of the concrete blocks serves as the support side and points vertically downwards. Two concrete blocks are arranged opposite one another in such a way that their inner surfaces face one another and their respective first and second leg sections describe a rectangle.Such rectangles, each made up of two concrete blocks, are arranged next to each other to form a layer.

[0041] Preferably, all concrete blocks forming a layer are arranged directly adjacent to one another, wherein projections provided on the concrete blocks keep concrete blocks of the layer arranged directly adjacent to one another at a distance from one another and wherein preferably at least two similarly designed storage and transport layers can be stacked on top of one another.

[0042] The invention further relates to a storage and transport stack comprising at least two identical storage and transport layers, each having the same layer arrangement and stacked one on top of the other with the same orientation, as described above. A first storage and transport layer of the at least two identical storage and transport layers forms a lower stack layer, and a second of the at least two identical storage and transport layers forms an upper stack layer resting on the lower stack layer. The concrete blocks of the upper stack layer rest with their respective second side surfaces, which point downwards in the vertical direction, on the respective first side surfaces, which point upwards in the vertical direction, of the concrete blocks of the lower stack layer. Respective elevations formed on the first side surfaces keep the concrete blocks of the lower and upper stack layers at a distance from one another.

[0043] Further developments, advantages, and possible applications of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments and from the figures. All described and / or illustrated features, individually or in any combination, are fundamentally part of the invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or their reference back to them. Brief description of the drawings

[0044] The invention will be explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings.

[0045] Fig. 1 shows a roughly schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the concrete block according to the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 2 shows a simplified schematic representation of a side view of an embodiment of the concrete block according to the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 3 shows an enlarged section of the side view of Figure 2 in the region of a projection;

[0048] Fig. 4 shows a simplified schematic representation of a front view of an embodiment of the concrete block according to the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 5 shows a simplified schematic representation of an embodiment of the concrete block according to the present invention in plan view from above;

[0050] Fig. 6a shows an enlarged section of the front view of Figure 4 in the area of ​​an elevation;

[0051] Fig. 6b shows an enlarged view of an alternative embodiment of a protrusion;

[0052] Fig. 7 shows a highly simplified and roughly schematic representation of a section of a variant of the support surface in a perspective view;

[0053] Fig. 8 shows a highly simplified and roughly schematic representation of a section of a further embodiment of the support surface in a perspective view;

[0054] Fig. 9 shows a storage and transport position comprising several concrete blocks in plan view;

[0055] Fig. 10a shows an alternative embodiment of the concrete block in perspective view;

[0056] Fig. 10b shows the embodiment according to Fig. 10a in a side view; Fig. 10c shows a storage and transport position comprising several concrete blocks according to Figs. 10a, 10b in a top view;

[0057] Fig. 11a an alternative embodiment of the concrete block in perspective view;

[0058] Fig. 11b shows the embodiment of Figure 11a in front view;

[0059] Fig. 12a shows a further alternative embodiment of the concrete block in perspective view;

[0060] Fig. 12b shows the embodiment of Figure 12a in front view;

[0061] Fig. 13a shows yet another alternative embodiment of the concrete block in perspective view and

[0062] Fig. 13b the embodiment of Figure 13a in frontal view.

[0063] Ways to implement the invention

[0064] The concrete block 1 will now be described in more detail with reference to the figures. The concrete block, generally designated 1 in the figures, which can also be referred to here as an L-block or angle block, or even as a wall panel, is essentially L-shaped or angled and is used in particular for creating a boundary block structure, namely, in particular, for constructing or forming supporting walls or angled retaining walls to support slopes and small terrain changes. Therefore, the present concrete block 1 is particularly suitable for use in road construction and landscaping, as well as in private garden and property design.

[0065] Figure 1 shows an example of an embodiment of a concrete block 1 according to the present invention in a perspective view, and Figure 2 shows a side view of an embodiment of the concrete block 1. Figures 4 and 5, in turn, show an example of a concrete block 1 in a frontal view (Figure 4) and in a plan view from above (Figure 5). The concrete block 1 basically has a height h extending in the direction of a main axis or vertical axis HA, a depth t running perpendicular to the vertical axis HA, and a width b likewise running perpendicular to the vertical axis HA and simultaneously perpendicular to the depth t. In a vertical cutting direction, i.e. in a cutting plane extending parallel to the depth t, the concrete block 1 has a substantially L-shaped cross-section in accordance with its L-shaped geometry.

[0066] In the example shown in the figures, concrete block 1 is manufactured with a width b of approximately 50 cm and a depth t of approximately 30 cm. Depending on the application, the height h of concrete block 1 can be selected accordingly during production. For example, concrete block 1 is manufactured in different heights h, where the height h can be approximately 40 cm, approximately 60 cm, approximately 80 cm, approximately 100 cm, or approximately 120 cm.

[0067] A first leg section 2 and an adjoining second leg section 3 together form the L-shaped concrete block 1, which is particularly formed in one piece, wherein the first leg section 2 defines a wall part 4 and the second leg section 3 defines a foot part 5.

[0068] In use, when the concrete block 1 is laid as a concrete block composite to form a supporting or boundary wall, the concrete block 1 rests with its base section 5 on the appropriately prepared substrate, in particular on a concrete layer or concrete apron. A support surface 6 suitable for resting on the substrate is provided on an underside U of the base section 5, which is described in more detail below in connection with Figures 7 and 8.

[0069] A surface on an upper side O of the concrete block 1 opposite the underside U and arranged at the free leg end of the wall part 4 is visible and accessible from the outside even when the concrete block 1 is installed and therefore forms an upper surface visible in the installed, use-state, in particular a visible surface or visible side of the concrete block 1.

[0070] In terms of its geometry and appearance, the upper side O, in particular the surface of the upper side O, is adapted, for example, to the optical and geometric design of a curbstone, in particular a deep curbstone. For example, the wall part 4 of the concrete block 1 is designed for this purpose, at least in its upper region adjoining the upper side O, with a wall thickness d which is in particular in a range between 50 mm and 80 mm and, in the example in the figures, is approximately 70 mm. In the examples shown in the figures, a chamfer 18 is formed on the upper side O along an outer edge facing away from the base part 5, i.e. the outer edge of the upper side O is chamfered.

[0071] The first leg section 2 forming the wall part 4 and the second leg section 3 forming the base part 5 adjoin one another essentially at right angles, with a rear surface 10 of the wall part 4 facing away from the base part 5 and the support surface 6 provided on the underside U of the base part 5 adjoining one another at right angles and forming an angled outer surface or an outer angled surface. In the present case, this can also be understood as meaning that the rear surface 10 and the support surface 6 together define an outer side or an outer side of the angled concrete block 1.

[0072] In the example of Figure 1, a front surface 11 of the wall part 4, opposite the rear surface 10 of the wall part 4 and facing the base part 5, and an upper surface 12 of the base part 5, opposite the support surface 6, merge into one another via a curved surface section 13 and thereby together form a continuous inner surface I of the concrete block 1. In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, in the example according to Figure 2, the front surface 11 of the wall part 4 and the upper surface 12 of the base part 5 merge into one another via inclined surface sections 14, 14', 14" and likewise together form a continuous inner surface I of the concrete block 1. On this inner side of the concrete block 1, defined by the inner surface I, the block is backfilled when in use.

[0073] On the side, the present concrete block 1 has a first side surface 7 and a second side surface 8, wherein the side surfaces 7, 8 are opposite one another and are each substantially L-shaped.

[0074] On the first L-shaped side surface 7, the present concrete block 1 has at least one elevation 9 forming a spacer, wherein in the examples of Figures 1 and 2, four elevations 9 are formed on each of the first side surface 7, which elevations are arranged at a distance from one another and distributed over the entire first side surface 7, that is to say both in the region of the first leg section 2 and in the region of the second leg section 3. As can be seen in particular from the front view according to Figure 4 and also from the plan view according to Figure 5, in the present concrete block 1, elevations 9 are formed only on the first side surface 7, whereas the respective second side surfaces 8 are free of elevations. The second side surface 8 is thus formed as a substantially flat surface, in particular without elevations 9.Figures 4 and 5 further illustrate that the elevations 9 protrude outwards from the surface of the first side surface 7 by a predetermined amount.

[0075] In the examples shown in Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5, each of the elevations 9 is formed by a convex, outwardly curved bulge and each has a surface in the shape of a spherical cap, which also means that the elevations 9 are spherical cap-shaped. A maximum elevation diameter dE of each elevation 9 lies in particular in a range of approximately 40 mm to 50 mm and, in the examples shown, is approximately 45 mm.

[0076] An exemplary spherical cap-shaped elevation 9 is shown in Figure 6a, which shows an enlarged section of the front view of Figure 4 in the region of an elevation 9. Alternatively, the elevations 9 can also be formed by flattened, projecting projections, which can, for example, be essentially truncated cone-shaped, truncated pyramid-shaped, trapezoidal-shaped, or essentially in the shape of a spherical disk. Figure 6b shows, by way of example (in a view comparable to the example in Figure 6a), a projecting projection 9 in the shape of a spherical disk.

[0077] Figures 6a and 6b show that each elevation 9 has a maximum elevation height hE. This maximum elevation height hE of the elevations 9 lies in particular in a range of approximately 2 mm to 4 mm, and in the examples shown, amounts to approximately 3 mm in each case.

[0078] In the examples shown, a web-like or rib-like projection 16 is formed on a foot part front surface 15 arranged at a free leg end of the foot part 5 and on a rear side surface 10 of the wall part 4 opposite the foot part front surface 15 and adjoining the support surface 6 on the underside U of the concrete block 1 at right angles, which projection extends continuously over the entire width b of the concrete block 1 from the first side surface 7 to the second side surface 8.

[0079] As can be seen from Figure 3, which shows an enlarged section of the side view of Figure 2 in the region of the projection 16 on the front surface 15 of the foot part, the projection 16 has a projection height hV in a range of approximately 3 mm to 6 mm, which in the example shown is approximately 5 mm. Also evident from Figure 3 is that the projections 16 in the example of the figures have a substantially trapezoidal cross-section. A maximum projection width bV of the projections 16 is, for example, in a range of 15 mm to 30 mm and is approximately 20 mm or 25 mm in the examples.

[0080] With reference also to Figures 7 and 8, the support surface 6 on the underside U of the concrete block 1 will be discussed in more detail below. As illustrated by the figures, the support surface 6 is profiled and has a profiling, which in the examples of the figures is formed by a plurality of projecting elevations 17. The projecting elevations are designed, for example, as projections 17 that have a substantially trapezoidal cross-section or that are substantially trapezoidal or truncated pyramid-shaped.

[0081] In the example of Figure 7, a plurality of projections 17 are arranged in a grid-like or grid-like or matrix-like manner over the underside U or over the support surface 6, in particular arranged at a distance from one another and evenly distributed in several rows and columns.

[0082] In the example of Figure 8, several elongated or elongated projections 17 are provided, each extending along its length over the entire width b of the concrete block 1, which projections extend essentially parallel to one another along the underside U or the support surface 6 over the width b of the concrete block 1.

[0083] Figure 9 shows a top view of a storage and transport layer 100 constructed from a plurality of concrete blocks 1, which can also be referred to as a production layer within the meaning of the present invention. The storage and transport layer 100 is to be understood here as an ordered layer or arrangement of a plurality of concrete blocks 1, wherein the concrete blocks 1, after their production, are arranged or layered in a predetermined order relative to one another as a storage and transport layer 100 for the purpose of storage and / or transport, in order to thereby form a stable, secure, and as space-saving as possible unit for storage and transport, namely a storage unit or transport unit.

[0084] The exemplary storage and transport layer 100 comprises an even number of concrete blocks 1; in the example shown in Figure 9, there are eight concrete blocks 1, which are arranged in a side-by-side position to form the storage and transport layer 100. The concrete blocks 1 are arranged in the storage and transport layer 100 such that the respective second side surface 8 of the concrete blocks 1 serves as a support side and faces downward in the vertical direction. For example, the concrete blocks 1 rest with their respective second side surface 8 on a storage or transport surface, in particular a plate, for example a pallet.

[0085] In the layer arrangement shown, two of the total of eight concrete blocks 1 are positioned opposite each other in such a way that their inner surfaces 1 face each other and their respective first and second leg sections 2, 3 essentially describe a rectangle, specifically such that the respective angled outer surfaces or the outer angle surfaces of the concrete blocks 1 define peripheral surfaces or an outer perimeter of the rectangle. In this way, four such rectangles are formed from the eight concrete blocks 1, which in turn are arranged next to each other to form a layer, in particular the storage and transport layer 100.

[0086] All concrete blocks 1 of the layer are arranged directly adjacent to one another, i.e., without the interposition of packaging materials or packaging aids. In the storage and transport position 100, the projections 16 provided on the concrete blocks 1 on the front surface 15 of the base part and on the rear surface 10 of the wall part 4, as well as the projections 17 provided on the support surface 6, keep the concrete blocks 1 of the layer arranged directly adjacent to one another at a distance from one another. Packaging aids or packaging or transport materials between the individual concrete blocks 1, which guarantee a sufficient protective distance between the concrete blocks 1 to prevent damage, are not necessary in the present storage and transport position 100.

[0087] Special measures for protecting the concrete blocks 1, in particular for protecting the edges, namely transport protection, in particular edge protection, can be dispensed with, so that packaging materials such as wooden strips or wooden or polystyrene elements can be saved to a particularly advantageous extent. Advantageously, at least two similarly designed storage and transport layers 100 can be stacked one above the other, whereby two or more storage and transport layers 100 stacked one above the other can form a storage and transport stack not shown in the figures.

[0088] Such a stack of multiple storage and transport layers 100, namely the storage and transport stack, therefore comprises at least two identical storage and transport layers 100, each having the same layer arrangement and stacked one above the other with the same orientation. A first storage and transport layer 100 forms a lower stack layer, which preferably rests on a storage or transport surface, in particular on a plate or pallet. The second or each further of the identical storage and transport layers 100 forms an upper or further stack layer, resting on the lower or the respective underlying stack layer.

[0089] The concrete blocks 1 of the upper stack layer rest, with their respective second side surfaces 8 pointing vertically downwards, directly on the respective first side surfaces 7 of the concrete blocks 1 of the lower or a stack layer below them, pointing vertically upwards. The respective elevations 9 formed on the first side surfaces 7 maintain a distance between the concrete blocks 1 of the multiple stack layers that lie directly on top of one another, i.e., without any protective or packaging material, namely, in particular, without any protective or packaging material.

[0090] Figures 10a to 10c show an alternative embodiment of the concrete block 1 and a storage and transport layer 100 created therefrom. The concrete block 1 according to Figures 10a to 10c is designed with a height h of approximately 120 cm, wherein the number of elevations 9 distributed along the first L-shaped side surface 7 is adapted to the height h and, in the example shown, corresponds to seven elevations 9. The elevations are designed in the form of flattened, projecting projections, namely as truncated cone-shaped elevations 9.

[0091] In the embodiment according to Figures 10a to 10c, a web-like or rib-like projection 16 is formed on the rear surface 10 of the wall part 4, and furthermore, another web-like or rib-like projection 16 is formed on the upper surface 12 of the base part 5. The arrangement of the projections 16 is also selected depending on the height h, namely in such a way that, for creating a storage and transport layer 100 from concrete blocks 1 with this height h, the projections 16 ideally guarantee a protective distance between the concrete blocks 1 with a correspondingly optimal arrangement of the concrete blocks 1 relative to one another or with their ideal "packing". A corresponding arrangement of the concrete blocks 1 in the storage and transport layer 100 is shown in Figure 10c.

[0092] Figures 11a to 13b show three further alternative embodiments of the present concrete block 1, each of the embodiment variants in a perspective view (in Figures 11a, 12a, and 13a) and also in a respective frontal view (in Figures 11b, 12b, and 13b). In Figures 11a to 13b, only those elements that serve to explain the preferred variants are provided with reference numerals. Reference numerals for the remaining elements (as they are present analogously to the other figures) have been omitted for the sake of clarity.

[0093] In the preferred embodiment according to Figures 11a and 11b, the first side surface 7 has an upper side surface section 7.1 arranged in the region of the first leg section 2 and a lower side surface section 7.2 arranged in the region of the second leg section 3. The lower side surface section 7.2 is recessed relative to the upper side surface section 7.1, so that an offset 19 is formed in a transition between the side surface sections 7.1, 7.2, and as a result, the surface or surface of the lower side surface section 7.1 is recessed relative to the surface or surface of the upper side surface section 7.2 or is offset inwards with respect to the concrete block 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the offset 19 is realized via an inclined surface, via which the upper and lower side surface sections 7.1, 7.2 adjoin or transition to one another.

[0094] The offset height of the offset 19, extending along the width b (see Figure 1) and essentially perpendicular to the vertical axis HA, is approximately 10 mm in the example shown. Thus, the lower side surface section 7.2 is indented by approximately 10 mm relative to the upper side surface section 7.1 in the example shown.

[0095] In the example shown in Figures 11a and 11b, the upper

[0096] Two elevations 9 are provided on the side surface section 7.1 of the first leg section 2, and an elevation 9* (marked with an asterisk in the figures) is arranged on the lower side surface section 7.2 in the second leg section 3, which elevation can be referred to as the lower elevation 9*. The lower elevation 9* has a greater elevation height hE (cf. Figures 6a, 6b) than the elevations 9 on the upper side surface section 7.1. In the example shown, the elevation height hE of the lower elevation 9* is greater than the elevation height of the elevations 9 by the amount of the offset height of the offset 19; in particular, the elevation height hE of the elevations 9 of the exemplary embodiment is approximately 3 mm, and the elevation height hE of the lower elevation 9* is approximately 13 mm.

[0097] Figures 12a and 12b as well as 13a and 13b each show a preferred embodiment variant in which a lower edge provided in a transition region from the first side surface 7 to the support surface 6 arranged on the underside U is stepped, beveled, or chamfered. According to the example of Figures 12a and 12b, a step 21 is formed on the lower edge for this purpose, and in the example of Figures 13a and 13b, a chamfer 20 is formed.

[0098] The step 21 provided in the example of Figures 12a, 12b has a step depth extending essentially along the width b and perpendicular to the vertical axis HA (see Figure 1) of the concrete block 1, which in the example shown amounts to approximately 10 mm. The step 21 also has a step height extending perpendicular to the step depth, thus essentially extending in the direction of the vertical axis HA and perpendicular to the width b (see Figure 1) of the concrete block 1, which in the example shown amounts to approximately 18 mm.

[0099] The chamfer 20 provided in the example of Figures 13a, 13b is a symmetrical chamfer 20, wherein the chamfer 20 is formed at an angle of 45° and at a respective distance from the first side surface 7 and from the support surface 6 of approximately 20 mm. Reference numeral hste

[0100] 1 concrete block first leg section second leg section

[0101] Wall part

[0102] Footrest

[0103] Support surface first L-shaped side surface

[0104] 7.1 upper side surface section

[0105] 7.2 lower side surface section

[0106] 8 second L-shaped side surface

[0107] 9, 9* Survey

[0108] 10 Back surface

[0109] Front surface

[0110] Top surface

[0111] Curvature surface section

[0112] 14, 14', 14" inclined surface section

[0113] Footrest front surface

[0114] Bridge- or rib-like projection

[0115] projections

[0116] 18 chamfer

[0117] 19 Offset

[0118] 20 chamfer

[0119] 21 level

[0120] 100 Storage and transport position b Width bV Projection width d Wall thickness dE Elevation diameter

[0121] HA Vertical axis h Height hE Elevation height hV Projection height

[0122] inner surface

[0123] O Top

[0124] depth

[0125] U bottom

Claims

Patent claims 1. Concrete block (1) with a substantially L-shaped cross-section, in particular for creating a delimiting block assembly, comprising at least a first leg section (2) and an adjoining second leg section (3), wherein the first leg section (2) forms a wall part (4) and the second leg section (3) forms a base part (5), wherein the concrete block (1) has, on an underside (U) on the base part (5), a support surface (6) suitable for resting on a subsurface, and wherein the concrete block (1) has first and second, opposite and each substantially L-shaped side surfaces (7, 8), characterized in that at least one elevation (9) forming a spacer is formed on the first L-shaped side surface (7).

2. Concrete block (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of elevations (9) spaced apart from one another are provided on the first side surface (7), wherein the plurality of elevations (9) are arranged on the first side surface (7) in the region of the first leg section (2) and / or in the region of the second leg section (3).

3. Concrete block (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one elevation (9) is formed by a convex outwardly curved bulge or by a flattened, projecting shoulder.

4. Concrete block (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one elevation (9) has a surface in the form of a spherical cap.

5. Concrete block (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one elevation (9) is substantially truncated cone-shaped or truncated pyramid-shaped or trapezoidal-shaped or substantially in the form of a spherical disc.

6. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one elevation (9) has a maximum elevation height (hE) in a range of approximately 2 mm to 4 mm, preferably of approximately 3 mm.

7. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one elevation (9) has a maximum elevation diameter (dE) in a range of approximately 40 mm to 50 mm, preferably of approximately 45 mm.

8. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second leg portion (2, 3) adjoin one another at right angles, wherein a front surface (11) of the first leg portion (2) forming the wall portion (4) facing the base portion (3) and an upper surface (12) of the base portion (5) opposite the support surface (6) merge into one another via a curved surface portion (13) or via at least one inclined surface portion (14, 14', 14") and thereby together form, in particular, a continuous inner surface (I) of the concrete block (1).

9. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one web-like or rib-like projection (16) is formed on a foot part front surface (15) arranged on a free leg end of the foot part (5) and / or on a rear side surface (10) of the wall part (4) opposite the foot part front surface (15) and adjoining the support surface (6) on the underside (U) of the concrete block (1) at right angles and / or on an upper side surface (12) of the foot part (5) opposite the support surface (6).

10. Concrete block (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one web-like or rib-like projection (16) has a projection height (hV) in a range of approximately 3 mm to 6 mm, preferably in a range of approximately 4 mm to 5 mm.

11. Concrete block (1) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the at least one web-like or rib-like projection (16) extends lengthwise continuously over a width (b) of the concrete block (1), in particular over the entire width (b) of the concrete block (1) from the first side surface (7) to the second side surface (8).

12. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support surface (6) provided on the underside (U) of the concrete block (1) is profiled and has a profile for this purpose, wherein the profiling is formed in particular by a plurality of depressions and / or projecting elevations (17).

13. Concrete block (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the depressions and / or projecting elevations (17) of the profiling are designed in the form of trapezoidal or truncated pyramid-shaped recesses and / or trapezoidal or truncated pyramid-shaped projections (17).

14. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first side surface (7) has an upper side surface section (7.1) arranged in the region of the first leg section (2) and a lower side surface section (7.2) arranged in the region of the second leg section (3) and recessed relative to the upper side surface section (7.1), wherein an offset (19) is formed in particular in a transition between the side surface sections (7.1, 7.2) via a step or an inclined surface.

15. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a lower edge provided in a transition region from the first side surface (7) to the support surface (6) arranged on the underside (U) is stepped, beveled or folded, wherein in particular a chamfer (20) or a fold or a step (21) is formed on the lower edge.

16. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concrete block (1) has a height (h) extending in the direction of a vertical axis (HA) over the first leg section (2) and a depth (t) extending in the direction perpendicular to the vertical axis (HA) over the second leg section (3), wherein the height (h) in particular corresponds at least to the depth (t) and is preferably greater than the depth (t).

17. Concrete block (1) according to claim 16, characterized in that the height (h) is greater than the depth (t) by a factor a, wherein the factor a has an approximate value of 1.33 or of 2 or of 2.66 or of 3.33 or of 4 and wherein the depth (t) is preferably around 300 mm.

18. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concrete block (1) has a width (b) extending between the substantially L-shaped first and second side surfaces (7, 8), which is preferably approximately 500 mm.

19. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concrete block (1) is formed in one piece and is produced in particular by means of a paving block machine.

20. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a surface of an upper side (O) of the concrete block (1) arranged at the free leg end of the wall part (4) forms an upper surface visible in the installed state of use, wherein the upper side (O) is adapted in terms of its geometry and appearance to the optical and geometric design of a curbstone, in particular a deep curbstone.

21. Concrete block (1) according to claim 20, characterized in that a chamfer (18) is formed on the upper side (O) along an outer edge facing away from the base part (5).

22. Concrete block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevations (9) and / or the projections (16) form a transport protection, in particular an edge protection.

23. Storage and transport layer (100) made of a plurality of concrete blocks (1) arranged in a predetermined layer arrangement relative to one another according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each storage and transport layer comprises an even number of concrete blocks (1), wherein the respective second side surface (8) of the concrete blocks (1) serves as a support side and points downwards in the vertical direction, wherein in each case two concrete blocks (1) are arranged opposite one another in such a way that their inner surfaces (1) face one another and their respective first and second leg sections (2, 3) describe a rectangle, and wherein such rectangles formed from two concrete blocks (1) in each case are arranged next to one another to form a layer.

24. Storage and transport layer (100) according to claim 23, characterized in that all concrete blocks (1) forming a layer are directly are arranged adjacent to one another, wherein projections (16, 17) provided on the concrete blocks (1) keep concrete blocks (1) of the layer arranged directly next to one another at a distance from one another and wherein preferably at least two similarly designed storage and transport layers (100) can be stacked on top of one another.

25. Storage and transport stack comprising at least two similar storage and transport layers (100) having the same layer arrangement and stacked one on top of the other with the same orientation according to one of claims 22 or 23, characterized in that a first storage and transport layer (100) of the at least two similar storage and transport layers (100) forms a lower stack layer and that a second of the at least two similar storage and transport layers (100) forms an upper stack layer resting on the lower stack layer, wherein the concrete blocks (1) of the upper stack layer rest with their respective second side surfaces (8) pointing downwards in the vertical direction on the respective first side surfaces (7) of the concrete blocks (1) of the lower stack layer, said first side surfaces (7) pointing upwards in the vertical direction, and wherein respective,elevations (9) formed on the first side surfaces (7) keep the concrete blocks (1) of the lower and upper stack layers at a distance from each other.,

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