Device and method for extracting fine particles from a material flow

Abstract

A device (1) and method for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1), wherein the material stream (1.1) comprises a mixture of product particles (1.1.1) and fine particles (1.1.2), and wherein the fine particles (1.1.2) differ from the product particles (1.1.1) in weight and / or particle size and / or particle density, comprising an extraction device (1.4) with an extraction channel (1.4.3) for extracting partial particles (1.1.3) from the material stream (1.1) by means of a controllable airflow (1.4.2) in the extraction channel (1.4.3), and a control device (1.7) for controlling the extraction device (1.4), wherein the extracted partial particles (1.1.3) are detected by the control device (1.7) by means of an acceleration sensor (1.7.1) connected to the control device (1.7). are measurable and the extraction device (1.4) can be controlled by means of the control device (1.7) such that the extracted partial particles (1.1.3) constitute a definable mixture of product particles (1.1.1) and fine particles (1.1.2).

Description

Field of invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and method for extracting fine particles from a material stream, wherein the material stream comprises a mixture of product particles and fine particles. Such devices, in particular machines or separators for extracting and / or purifying a material stream, are known, for example, a light grain separator for extracting or separating lighter components from a mixture of grains. Background of the invention

[0002] Conventional devices for extracting fine particles from a material stream comprise a suction device with a suction channel for extracting partial particles from the material stream by means of a controllable airflow or suction in the suction channel. Furthermore, the conventional device includes a control device for regulating the suction device, in particular the suction capacity of the suction device, wherein the extracted partial particles can be measured by the control device using an accelerometer connected to the control device. The extraction of fine particles from the material stream is used, for example, in sorting and screening machines for sorting and / or screening grain, seeds, and similar materials in order to extract or separate chaff, hulls, empty kernels, and other fine particles from the material stream.The fine particles differ from the product particles, among other things, in their aerodynamic properties, particularly in particle weight, particle size, and / or particle density. The control device for regulating the extraction system or the airflow must therefore be precisely and carefully adjusted to extract as few product particles as possible from the material stream along with the fine particles.

[0003] Extraction systems with sorting and screening machines for sorting and / or screening, for example of grain in a grain mill, typically feature a central extraction unit with one or more extraction channels. This extraction unit usually includes a central fan whose suction air, via a network of extraction channels, removes fine particles from the product streams of the various process steps. The extraction capacity for the different product streams of the individual process steps is typically adjustable by means of several adjustable throttle valves. The throttle valves can be adjusted individually, either manually or via actuators, thus allowing for local regulation of the extraction capacity.

[0004] The performance or quality of the device is typically determined by measuring the extraction of unwanted fine particles from the material stream, for example, chaff, hulls, empty kernels, and other fine particles in grain. Another performance factor is ensuring the quality of the processed material stream, particularly the processed grain, such as minimizing damage to the product material during the extraction of fine particles and / or minimizing the number of product particles extracted from the material stream.Furthermore, food safety is extremely important, especially for the processing of food raw materials, since, for example, in the processing of grain, the outer layers of the grain kernel are separated and these outer layers are extracted from the material stream as fine particles by the device, whereby the outer layers may also be partially contaminated, for example by fungi or chemicals used in the cultivation of the grain, and therefore the most complete possible extraction of the fine particles from the material stream is necessary.

[0005] DE 10 2004 054 275 A1 discloses such a conventional device for extracting fine particles from a material stream containing product particles and fine particles, in particular a universal cleaning machine for extracting unwanted fine particles from a material stream comprising one or more types of grain. To regulate the airflow for extracting the particles from the material stream, the cleaning machine has one or more manually adjustable throttle valves.

[0006] EP0082125B1 discloses such a conventional device with an accelerometer that generates an electrical signal depending on the number of product particles impacting the accelerometer. The control device regulates the airflow based on this electrical signal. The control device regulates the airflow such that the number of product particles impacting the accelerometer remains below a predetermined value.

[0007] Known devices for extracting fine particles from a material stream have the disadvantage that the airflow must be adjusted manually, or at least by an operator, at the device itself, or at least a setpoint must be evaluated by the operator and specified to the control device. Particularly when using the device for different product particles and fine particles, or for a material stream with time-varying material properties, such as product moisture, the product particles, and / or fine particles, manual adjustment of the control device is necessary, as otherwise the device's performance will be reduced or the final product will not meet the quality requirements.If the airflow is too weak, the cleaning effect, particularly the removal of fine particles from the material stream, is insufficient. Consequently, the end product contains a high proportion of unwanted fine particles and is therefore of lower quality. Furthermore, controlling the extraction rate based on counting product particles with a predetermined impact pulse or within a specific value range is disadvantageous. This is because the control is based on the number of individual particles with a given impact pulse, resulting in an inaccurate and unstable method for measuring the proportion of product particles in the partial stream. Summary of the invention

[0008] It is an object of the present invention to solve the disadvantages and technical problems known from the prior art; in particular, the present invention aims to provide a new device or a new method for extracting fine particles from a material stream, wherein the material stream comprises a mixture of product particles and fine particles, wherein the control of the extraction device is automated and thereby the performance and economy of the device is increased compared to the prior art, in particular to extract as high a proportion as possible of the fine particles present in the material stream and to extract as little product particles as possible from the material stream.Manual intervention by an operator to operate the device is minimal, even when the device is used for different material flows with time-varying product properties of the product particles and / or fine particles, thereby increasing the performance of the device and the process. Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide the most stable possible control of the extraction device.

[0009] According to the present invention, these objectives are achieved in particular by the elements of the characterizing part of the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments are also apparent from the dependent claims, the drawings, and the description.

[0010] In particular, the objectives are achieved by the accelerometer encompassing a measuring range, wherein the measuring range extends into a region of the airflow containing the extracted partial particles, wherein a pulse-dependent sensor signal can be generated by the accelerometer using the partial particles transported in the airflow and impacting the accelerometer with an impact impulse, and the sensor signal can be transmitted to the control device.Furthermore, the generated airflow can be controlled by the control device via the extraction device based on the measured sensor signals and / or the impact impulses of the partial particles on the accelerometer measured by the sensor signals. The extraction device can be controlled by the control device in such a way that the extracted partial particles comprise a definable mixture of product particles and fine particles, so that the measured sensor signals and / or the impact impulses of the partial particles on the accelerometer measured by the sensor signals are characteristic of the entire partial flow. Accordingly, the extraction device can be stably controlled by the control device based on the time-varying sensor signal. The accelerometer uses, for example, optical, electrostatic, mechanical measurement methods, or a combination thereof, to generate the sensor signal.The sensor signal contains information about the impact behavior of the particles on the accelerometer's measuring range. For example, the frequency profile of the sensor signal implicitly contains information about particle size, material properties such as elasticity, and moisture content, thus ensuring precise and automatic control of the extraction system by the control device. Different material types of the particles can be detected by the control device based on the vibration frequencies of the sensor signal. A further advantage is that the sensor signal can be stored and used for further analysis of the impact behavior of the particles on the accelerometer.Furthermore, the control device analyzes the sensor signal to detect changes in the fractional particles and generates corresponding control signals based on control criteria, enabling the device to react to changes in the fractional particles in real time. The ratio of product particles to fine fractional particles is crucial, as this ratio defines both the quality and the yield of the material stream cleaned and / or sorted by the device, since quality and yield have varying degrees of importance depending on the application. Accordingly, the optimal ratio of product particles to fine particles in the fractional stream can differ depending on the application.A high quality requirement for the cleaned end product usually means a lower yield, as a higher proportion of product particles in the partial stream is necessary for higher quality in order to extract as much fine matter as possible from the material stream using the extraction device.

[0011] In one embodiment, the sensor signal exhibits time-varying oscillations with time-varying amplitudes and / or time-varying frequencies, wherein the oscillations are generated by the impact impulse from the product particle and / or fine particles of the subparticles onto the accelerometer, wherein the control device comprises a vibration characteristic value that can be generated by the control device based on the sensor signal with a sampling frequency, and wherein the control device has a control signal value that can be generated by the control device based on the vibration characteristic value for controlling the airflow of the extraction device, so that the sensor signal provides more comprehensive information about the subparticles based on the vibration characteristics.Increased accuracy of the extraction device's control is ensured, and the control device is more adaptable to different material flows and / or particle properties of the partial particles. The vibration characteristic value generated during each sampling period characterizes the partial particles contained in the partial flow during the sampling period and impacting the acceleration sensor, in particular the product particles and / or fine particles contained in the partial flow. This is based on the time-varying,The sensor signal, which depends on the properties of the individual particles and is measured by the accumulation of their impact impulses, is characterized by the vibration characteristic value. This characteristic identifies the different particles detected by the accelerometer and their properties, such as their velocity in the extraction duct. Therefore, the ratio of product particles to fine particles in the partial flow can be controlled by the control device based on the sensor signal, which contains particle properties such as composition, size, shape, and other material-specific characteristics. Furthermore, the control device ensures high accuracy in the identification and quantification of product particles and / or fine particles in the partial flow.This minimizes the probability of errors regarding the quantification of product particles and / or fine particles in the partial stream. Furthermore, the control device, based on the sensor signal, enables automatic control of the extraction device for various material flows and partial stream particles, making the device according to the invention highly adaptable to different material flows and time-varying particle properties. Based on the sensor signal with the sampling frequency f, the control device generates the vibration characteristic value, allowing the control signal to be processed in real time and the vibration characteristic value to characterize the control signal within the corresponding time window 1 / f. Optionally, the control device can generate several different vibration characteristics.so that different pieces of information contained in the sensor signal can be economically quantified, such as the following vibration parameters: a peak amplitude value as an indication of the fine particle size, a mean amplitude value, a rate of change of the sensor signal as an indicator of disturbances, a standard deviation to characterize the uniformity of the extracted particles, a harmonic distortion of the sensor signal and / or a Fast Fourier Transform for further analysis of the frequency components of the sensor signal.

[0012] In another embodiment, the vibration characteristic includes a power characteristic for quantifying the average power of the sensor signal for a sampling period 1 / f. This allows for a differentiated quantification of the impact energy of the product particles and / or fine particles from the partial stream onto the measuring range of the accelerometer, and thus enables the detection of trends and / or changes in the mixture of product particles and fine particles in the partial stream over time. This characterizes the total number of particles extracted in the partial stream within the sensor signal during a sampling period using a vibration characteristic, thereby ensuring stable and precise control of the extraction device.Furthermore, the quantification of the mean impact energy during the sampling period is also a suitable basis for the automatic control of the device for different material flows with varying particle properties and a high extraction performance of the device.

[0013] In one embodiment, the control device comprises a target parameter and a control element. The control signal value is generated by the control element based on the target parameter and the vibration parameter, thus ensuring stable and precise control of the extraction device. Optionally, the control element includes a PID controller, ensuring high stability of the control device, particularly in the event of disturbances in the extraction duct or changes in the material type of the material flow, based on a combination of three different control strategies: proportional, integral, and differential control. Furthermore, the control element includes, for example, an adaptive controller, enabling the control device to respond more effectively to changing material flows and ensuring optimal extraction performance. Additionally, the control element may include a state controller or a fuzzy logic controller.

[0014] In one embodiment, the device has a human-machine interface (HMI) and a control table with at least one recipe parameter value and a corresponding control parameter value, wherein a control parameter value based on a selected recipe parameter value can be searched in the control table by the HMI and sent to the control device, and wherein the selected control parameter value can be received by the control device and the target parameter value can be generated by the control device based on the selected control parameter value, so that an operator can manually select a configuration based on a recipe with recipe parameters comprising a material type, for example wheat, soy, or corn, and / or a material moisture content in percent by weight, and / or a correction factor, and the control device accordingly based on the selected recipe, in particular based on the selected recipe parameter values.a target value is generated. The correction factor serves to fine-tune the control device based on various framework conditions, such as environmental parameters of the device, specific characteristics of the material flow, or, for example, increased requirements for product quality.

[0015] In a further embodiment, the device has a material sensor for measuring a material parameter, wherein the material parameter comprises a moisture value and / or a material type value (grain, wheat, corn, soy, etc.) and / or a size distribution value of the material stream, wherein the material parameter value is receivable by the control device and the target characteristic value can be generated by the control device based on the material parameter value, so that the device according to the invention automatically configures the control device on the basis of the material properties detected by the material sensor, in particular generating the corresponding target characteristic value.Material sensors may include, for example, near-infrared sensors for measuring moisture content and / or hyperspectral sensors for detailed chemical analysis and / or RGB image sensors for measuring color, size, and texture and / or electronic probes for measuring volatile organic compounds in the material stream. The material sensor is, for example, arranged at an inlet area of ​​the material stream in the device according to the invention for the timely measurement of the material parameter.

[0016] In one embodiment, the device comprises a sieve for classifying product particles from the material stream into a product stream, wherein the smaller particles can be extracted from the product stream via the extraction channel, allowing the product particles to be classified based on their particle size and also extracting the fine particles from the product stream. Optionally, the sieve comprises multiple sieves with different hole sizes for classifying the material stream into several product streams, wherein the smaller particles can be extracted from at least one or more product streams via the extraction channel, resulting in multiple product streams with extracted fine particles.

[0017] In another embodiment, the extraction device includes a fan with adjustable speed for regulating the volume flow of the airflow in the extraction duct, and / or the extraction device includes an adjustable throttle valve arranged on the extraction duct with a valve position for regulating the airflow, and / or the device includes a conveying device with an adjustable delivery rate, so that the extraction performance of the extraction device can be regulated economically. Furthermore, the present embodiment ensures simple retrofitting of a prior art device with the control device according to the invention. Optionally, the device according to the invention includes a central fan, wherein the fan is designed as a separate machine unit and draws air from several devices via multiple extraction ducts, in particular generating an airflow for the multiple devices.

[0018] In one embodiment, the control signal value includes a flap position value for controlling the throttle valve and / or a target speed for controlling the fan and / or a target delivery rate for controlling the delivery rate of the conveying device, so that the control device is applicable with devices according to the state of the art.

[0019] In one embodiment, the extraction duct features a rising duct for extracting the partial particles against gravity (G). The partial particles extracted by the airflow are transported within the rising duct at an angle of less than 80° against gravity, thus enabling more precise quantification / identification of the product particles and / or fine particles by the control device, as well as additional screening (rise screening). Furthermore, this embodiment provides an additional separation step with low CO2 emissions, a compact design, and minimal maintenance requirements.

[0020] In another embodiment, the acceleration sensor has an impact plate, wherein the impact plate is elastically attached to the extraction duct and extends with the measuring range into a region of the airflow containing the extracted partial particles, and wherein the impact plate can be set into vibration by means of the impact impulse of partial particles striking the impact plate, thus ensuring an economical and low-maintenance implementation of the acceleration sensor.

[0021] In one embodiment, the control device incorporates a machine learning structure for determining the variable control signal value for predefined vibration characteristics. This allows the control device to adapt to changing particle properties and material flows, and even to process unknown particles. Furthermore, the control device can be trained on previously untrained material flows and particle properties, thus ensuring adaptability. The machine learning structure ensures that, based on complex sensor signals with nonlinearities, the control device generates a corresponding control signal value for the automatic control of the extraction system, guaranteeing high system performance, particularly an adjustable ratio of product particles to fine particles.Furthermore, the machine learning structure ensures improved pattern recognition of the control device based on the sensor signal, thus ensuring effective and automatic control of the extraction device by the control device.

[0022] In another embodiment, the recipe module has a network library that can be connected to the machine learning structure, wherein the network library includes a data store for storing historical operating data, and wherein the machine learning structure has a machine learning-based modeling machine for generating a digital model structure based on historical operating data, which is trained by using the historical operating data as input values, and after training to determine the optimized variable control signal value for a given vibration characteristic using the at least one digital model structure for an optimized ratio of product particles and fine particles of the subparticles in the extraction duct, so that the control device is trainable for different material flows and particle properties and can be adapted to changing conditions with minimal effort.Furthermore, a network library can be supplemented with new historical operating data, thereby adapting the device's performance. In one embodiment, the device has multiple network libraries, each containing region-specific historical operating data. This allows devices in a region to access the regional network library, enabling them to be trained on regional material flows and / or particle properties.

[0023] In another version, the historical operating data includes vibration characteristics and a flap position and / or a rotational speed and / or a delivery rate and / or a material flow and / or a moisture content of the material flow, so that historical operating data can be generated with slightly modified devices according to the state of the art and can be used to train the control device.

[0024] It should be noted at this point that the present invention relates not only to the device according to the invention but also to a method for realizing the device according to the invention. Brief description of the characters

[0025] Fig. 1 shows a schematic vertical cross-section through a device for extracting fine particles from a material stream according to the embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2 A flow diagram shows a device for extracting fine particles from a material stream according to the embodiment of the invention. Fig. 3 shows a schematic vertical cross-section through a conveying device with a first extraction channel according to the embodiment of the invention, Fig. 4 shows a schematic vertical cross-section through a product outlet with a second extraction channel according to the embodiment of the invention, Fig. 5schematically shows a vertically extending cross-section through a rising duct of an extraction duct with an acceleration sensor according to the embodiment of the invention, Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation for measuring a sensor signal and generating a control signal for regulating an extraction device according to the embodiment of the invention, Fig. 7 shows a representation of a frequency spectrum according to the embodiment of the invention, Fig. 8 shows a block diagram of a signal processing unit according to the embodiment of the invention, Fig. 9a shows a representation of the measured sensor signal, as an acceleration value in m / s² on a time axis in seconds. Fig. 9b shows a representation of the generated RMS value based on the sensor signal from Fig. 9a , Fig. 10 shows a schematic vertical cross-section through an accelerometer according to the embodiment of the invention, Fig 11 shows a block diagram of a control device according to the embodiment of the invention. Detailed description of the invention

[0026] The Figure 1 Figure 1 shows a cross-section of an embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention for extracting fine particles 1.1.2 from a material stream 1.1, in particular a cleaning machine 1 for cleaning and / or sorting the material stream 1.1. For example, the cleaning machine 1 is used for cleaning and sorting wheat, barley, rapeseed, corn, soybeans, sunflower seeds, and other agricultural products for food processing. The material stream 1.1 comprises a mixture of product particles 1.1.1 and fine particles 1.1.2, wherein the fine particles 1.1.2 differ from the product particles 1.1.1 in weight and / or particle size and / or particle density. Such fine particles 1.1.2 are, for example, husks or leaves that do not belong to the product particles 1.1.1.

[0027] The cleaning machine 1 comprises a housing 1.8, a material inlet 1.3.1 with a vibrating flap 1.5.2 for feeding in the material stream 1.1 and distributing the material stream 1.1 evenly over the designated width of the cleaning machine 1, a feeding device 1.5 for metering the material stream 1.1, a sieving device 1.2 for cleaning and sorting the product particles 1.1.1 of the material stream 1.1, and a discharge device 1.6 for removing the cleaned and classified product particles 1.1.1 from the cleaning machine 1.

[0028] The cleaning machine 1 has a suction device 1.4 with a suction channel 1.4.3 for extracting partial particles 1.1.3 from the material stream 1.1 by means of a controllable airflow or suction 1.4.2 in the suction channel 1.4.3 and a control device 1.7 for controlling the suction device 1.4. In the present embodiment, the suction device 1.4 comprises several conveying elements 1.4.5 for conveying the fine particles 1.1.2 collected in the suction channel from the cleaning machine, and a fan 1.4.1 which extracts the partial particles 1.1.2 through the suction channel 1.4.3 in the area of ​​the feed device 1.5 and in the area of ​​the discharge device 1.6. In the area of ​​the feed device 1.5, the extracted partial particles 1.1.2 consist primarily of light particles and dust, thus reducing the sieve load of the sieve device 1.2 and ensuring a higher cleaning quality of the partial particles 1.1.3 and the product particles 1.1.1, respectively. In the area of ​​the discharge device 1.6. The material stream 1.1 is already sorted or classified into a first product stream 1.1.5.1 with a first product quality and a second product stream 1.1.5.2 with a second product quality by means of the sieving device 1.2, and the extracted partial particles 1.1.3 comprise mostly fine particles 1.1.2 detached by the sieving process and a few product particles 1.1.1 from the first product stream 1.1.5.1 and / or the second product stream 1.1.5.2, so that an additional cleaning step of the material stream 1.1 is feasible in order to ensure the lowest possible contamination of the first product stream 1.1.5.1 and / or the second product stream 1.1.5.2 with fine particles 1.1.2.

[0029] The extraction device 1.4 in the present embodiment of the cleaning machine 1 has a central fan 1.4.1 designed such that the central fan 1.4.1 can draw in several cleaning machines and / or other grain processing machines. Such central fans 1.4.1 are used, for example, in grain receiving stations, grain mills, or similar facilities and ensure efficient extraction / aspiration of the individual processing steps in the facility.

[0030] The extraction duct 1.4.3 has a first extraction duct 1.4.3.1 in the area of ​​the feed device 1.5 for cleaning the material stream 1.1 to be processed and / or a second extraction duct 1.4.3.2 in the area of ​​the discharge device 1.6 for cleaning the material stream 1.1 sorted by the sieve device 1.2. To regulate the airflow 1.4.2 in the first extraction duct 1.4.3.1, the extraction device 1.4 has a first throttle valve 1.4.4.1 and / or a second throttle valve 1.4.4.2 for regulating the airflow 1.4.2 in the second extraction duct 1.4.3.2. The airflow 1.4.2 can be controlled by pivoting the corresponding throttle valve 1.4.4.1 / 1.4.4.2, for example by means of an actuator (pneumatic or electric) by the control device 1.7.

[0031] The control device 1.7 is connected to an acceleration sensor 1.7.1 comprising a measuring range, wherein the extracted partial particles 1.1.3 can be measured by means of the acceleration sensor 1.7.1 and the acceleration sensor 1.7.1 is arranged in the extraction duct 1.4.3 and in particular in the rising duct 1.4.3.3 such that the measuring range extends into a region of the airflow 1.4.2 containing the extracted partial particles 1.1.3, so that the partial particles 1.1.3 measured by the sensor determine a representative measured value for the entire cross-section in this section of the extraction duct 1.4.3.2, wherein an impulse-dependent sensor signal 1.7.2 can be generated by means of the partial particles 1.1.3 transported in the airflow 1.4.2 and impacting the acceleration sensor 1.7.1 with an impact impulse 3. the sensor signal 1.7.2 can be transmitted to the control device 1.7 and the generated airflow 1.4.2 by means of the control device 1.7 via the extraction device 1.4 based on the measured sensor signals 1.7.2 and / or the impact impulses 3 of the partial particles 1.1.3 on the acceleration sensor 1.7.1 measured by means of the sensor signals 1.7.2, and wherein the extraction device 1.4 is controllable by means of the control device 1.7 such that the extracted partial particles 1.1.3 comprise a definable mixture of product particles 1.1.1 and fine particles 1.1.2.

[0032] In Fig 10An embodiment of the acceleration sensor 1.7.1 with a baffle plate 1.7.1.1 is shown, wherein the baffle plate 1.7.1.1 is elastically / oscillatibly attached to the extraction duct 1.4.3, in particular to the rising duct 1.4.3.3, and the measuring area formed by the impact plate 1.7.1.1 extends into a region of the airflow 1.4.2 with the extracted partial particles 1.1.3. At least some of the extracted particles 1.1.3 strike the measuring area of ​​the accelerometer 1.7.1 formed by the impact plate 1.7.1.1 with the impact impulse 3. These particles are hereinafter referred to as detected particles 1.1.3 and, by means of the impact impulse 3, excite the impact plate 1.7.1.1 to a mechanical, time-varying oscillation comprising several oscillations with time-varying amplitudes and / or time-varying frequencies. Furthermore, the accelerometer 1.7.1 includes a vibration sensor 1.7.1.2, which is mechanically connected to the impact plate 1.7.1.The impact plate 1.7.1.1 is connected to the vibration sensor 1.7.1.3, so that the vibrations of the impact plate 1.7.1.1 generated by the impact impulse 3 of the detected partial particles 1.1.3 are mechanically detected by the vibration sensor 1.7.1.3. Based on the vibration of the impact plate 1.7.1.1, the electrical sensor signal 1.7.2 can be generated by the vibration sensor 1.7.1.2 via a physical effect, for example, a piezoelectric effect. The impact plate 1.7.1.1 is elastically mounted, and thus oscillatibly mounted, on the housing 1.8 of the cleaning machine 1 by means of an elastic fastening element 1.7.1.3. For example, an accelerometer of type VSP01A from IFM can be used as the vibration sensor 1.7.1.2.

[0033] The vibration sensor 1.7.1.2 converts the mechanical vibration of the impact plate 1.7.1.1, generated by the impact impulse of the partial particles 1.1.3 on the impact plate 1.7.1.1, into a raw electronic signal, for example by means of a piezoelectric element based on quartz or ceramic crystals, wherein the raw signal is proportional to the vibration profile of the impact plate 1.7.1.1. The raw signal is amplified and / or filtered in the accelerometer 1.7.1 or in separately designed evaluation electronics so that sensor-specific interference signals are eliminated and the measured sensor signal values ​​1.7.2 can be used for further processing by the control device 1.7.

[0034] The control device 1.7 comprises a vibration characteristic value 1.7.8, which can be generated by the control device 1.7 based on the sensor signal 1.7.1 with a sampling frequency f. The control device 1.7 also includes a control signal value 2, which can be generated based on the vibration characteristic value 1.7.8, for controlling the airflow 1.4.2 of the extraction device 1.4. This allows the vibration characteristic value 1.7.8 to be generated in real time based on the sensor signal 1.7.1 with the sampling frequency f, and the vibration characteristic value 1.7.8 characterizes the sensor signal 1.7.2 in the corresponding time window 1 / f. The vibration characteristic value(s) 1.7.8 represent a characteristic value of the sensor signal 1.7.2 in the time window 1 / f, so that different pieces of information contained in the sensor signal 1.7.2 can be economically quantified and processed by the control device 1.7. For example, the vibration characteristic value includes 1.7.8 at least one of the following parameters: a peak amplitude value as an indication of the fine particle size, a mean amplitude value, a rate of change of the sensor signal 1.7.2 as an indicator of disturbances, a standard deviation to characterize the uniformity of the extracted particles, a harmonic distortion of the sensor signal 1.7.2, and / or a signal spectrum using a Fast Fourier Transform of the sensor signal 1.7.2 for further analysis of the frequency components of the sensor signal and / or filtering out interference signals. Furthermore, the maximum amplitude value together with the power of the extraction device, for example, the electrical power consumed, is an indicator of the degree of contamination of the material flow 1.1. In addition, the generation of one or more vibration parameters 1.7.1.1 ensures the continuous storage of the particles 1.1.3 of the sensor signal 1.7.1 in an economical manner.Such historical operational data stored in a data store 1.7.4.2.1.1 can be used, for example, to train a machine learning structure 1.7.4.

[0035] The control device 1.7 comprises a signal connection to the accelerometer 1.7.1 for receiving the sensor signal 1.7.2, a signal processing unit 1.7.3 for evaluating the sensor signal 1.7.2, and a storage unit for storing data, for example, the vibration characteristics 1.7.8 of the sensor signal 1.7.2 or additional data that can be generated by the signal processing unit 1.7.3 based on the sensor signal 1.7.2. Furthermore, the signal processing unit 1.7.3 includes a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) unit for performing a Fourier transformation of the sensor signal 1.7.2. A signal spectrum can be generated by the FFT unit based on the sensor signal 1.7.2, wherein the signal spectrum is a time-varying signal spectrum with a characteristic based on the impact impulses of the detected particles 1.1.3 by the accelerometer 1.7.The signal processing unit 1.7.3 comprises a generated impact spectrum and one or more interference spectra. The interference spectra are based, for example, on vibration of the housing 1.8 of the cleaning device 1, which is transmitted from the housing 1.8 to the vibration sensor 1.7.1.3 via the mounting element of the accelerometer 1.7.1 and detected by the accelerometer 1.7.1. The signal processing unit 1.7.3 has a bandpass filter for filtering out the interference signals / interference spectra, whereby a signal processing spectrum 1.7.2.1 without the interference spectra can be generated by the bandpass filter based on the sensor signal 1.7.2. The vibration characteristic 1.7.8 of the sensor signal 1.7.2 can be generated by the signal processing unit 1.7.3 based on the sensor signal 1.7.7, in particular based on the signal frequency spectrum 1.7.2.1 with a sampling frequency f. In the present embodiment, the vibration characteristic value is 1.7.8. A root mean square (RMS) value is generated using the signal processing unit 1.7.3 based on the signal frequency spectrum 1.7.2.1. The RMS value is calculated based on the signal frequency spectrum 1.7.2.1 or f(x) using the function: . RMS = 1 T ∫ 0 T f x 2 ⋅ dx where f(x) represents the signal frequency spectrum 1.7.2.1, or the sensor signal 1.7.2 without the interference spectra, and T is the sampling period 1 / f, where the RMS value can be generated using the signal processing unit 1.7.3.

[0036] Furthermore, the control device 1.7 has a target characteristic 1.7.7 and a control element 1.7.6, wherein the control signal value 2 can be generated by the control element 1.7.6 based on the target characteristic 1.7.7 and the vibration characteristic 1.7.8. The control element 1.7.6 includes a control algorithm, for example a PID controller, for generating the control signal 2 based on the target characteristic 1.7.7 and the vibration characteristic 1.7.8.

[0037] Furthermore, the device 1 comprises a Human Machine Interface 1.3 and a control table 1.7.5 with at least one recipe parameter value 1.7.5.1 and a corresponding control parameter value 1.7.5.2, wherein the control parameter value 1.7.5.2 is searchable in the control table 1.7.5 by the HMI 1.3.4 based on a selected recipe parameter value 1.7.5.1 and can be sent to the control device 1.7, and wherein the selected control parameter value 1.7.5.2 can be received by the control device 1.7 and the target parameter value 1.7.7 can be generated by the control device 1.7 based on the selected control parameter value 1.7.5.2.

[0038] Optionally, the device according to the invention includes a material sensor 1.9 for measuring a material parameter 1.9.1, wherein the material parameter 1.9.1 comprises a moisture value and / or a material type value and / or a size distribution value of the material flow 1.1, wherein the material parameter value 1.9.1 is receivable by the control device 1.7.

[0039] The signal processing unit 1.7.3 generates the target value 1.7.7 based on the material parameter value 1.9.1 and / or the control parameter value 1.7.5.2. When using the material parameter value 1.9.1, the target value 1.7.7 is generated in real-time based on the material parameter values ​​1.9.1 measured by the material sensor 1.9. When using the control parameter value 1.7.5.2, manual configuration is performed, for example, by an operator of the cleaning device 1 using the HMI 1.3.4. Optionally, the material parameter values ​​and / or control parameter values ​​and / or recipe parameter values ​​1.7.5.1 can be stored as historical operating data 1.7.4.2.1.1 by the control device 1.7 in the data memory 1.7.4.2.1.

[0040] The extraction device 1.4 comprises: a fan 1.4.1 with an adjustable speed 1.4.1.1 for regulating the volume flow of the airflow 1.4.2 in the extraction duct 1.4.3 and / or an adjustable throttle valve 1.4.4 arranged on the extraction duct 1.4.3 with a valve position for regulating the airflow 1.4.2 and / or the device 1 a conveying device 1.5.2 with an adjustable delivery rate 1.5.2.1. In the present embodiment of the cleaning device 1 according to the invention, the extraction device 1.4 has the central fan, wherein the airflow 1.4.2 in the extraction duct 1.4.3.2 is adjustable by the first throttle valve 1.4.4 / 1.4.4.1 and the second throttle valve 1.4.4 / 1.4.4.2, wherein optionally the first throttle valve 1.4.4 / 1.4.4.1 is adjustable manually and the second throttle valve 1.4.4 / 1.4.4.2 is adjustable by means of the control device 1.7. In other words, the first throttle valve 1.4.4.1 can be adjusted automatically (i.e., by the cleaning device 1 and / or the control device 1.7).an actuator) or manually controlled, wherein the first throttle valve 1.4.4.1 controls the ratio of the extraction rate between the extraction channel 14.3.1 at the product inlet and the riser channel 1.4.3.3 at the product outlet of the machine. Whereas the second throttle valve 1.4.4.2 is located at the outlet of the extraction channel of the cleaning device 1, wherein the second throttle valve 1.4.4.2 is controlled by the control device 1.7 or an actuator.

[0041] The control signal value 2 has a flap position value 2.1 for controlling the throttle flap 1.4.4 and / or a target speed 2.2 for controlling the fan 1.4.1 and / or a target delivery rate 2.3 for controlling the delivery rate 1.5.2.1 of the conveying device 1.5.2, so that the airflow 1.4.2 in the extraction duct 1.4.3 can be controlled by the control device 1.7 based on the control signal.

[0042] The extraction duct 1.4.3 has a rising duct 1.4.3.3 for extracting the partial particles 1.1.1 against gravity G, wherein the partial particles 1.1.3 extracted by the airflow 1.4.2 can be transported in the rising duct 1.4.3.3 at a movement angle of less than 80° against gravity G. Such a design, at least of a section of the extraction duct 1.4.3, results in additional classification of the partial particles 1.1.1 by means of gravity G, a so-called vertical classification.

[0043] The control device 1.7 has a machine learning structure 1.7.4 for determining the variable control signal value 2 for predefined vibration characteristics 1.7.8 and / or control parameter values ​​1.7.5.2 and / or signal spectra. Furthermore, the machine learning structure 1.7.4 comprises a network library 1.7.4.2 with the data store 1.7.4.2.1 for storing the historical operating data 1.7.4.2.1.1, and wherein the machine learning structure 1.7.4 includes a machine learning-based modeling machine 1.7.4.1 for generating a digital model structure based on the historical operating data 1.7.4.2.1.1, which is trained by using the historical operating data 1.7.4.2.1.1 as input values, and after training to determine the optimized variable control signal value 2 for a given vibration characteristic 1.7.8 using the at least one digital model structure for an optimized ratio of product particles 1.1.1 and fine particles 1.1.2 of the partial particles 1.1.3 in the extraction duct 1.4.3. The historical operating data 1.7.4.2.1.1 show vibration characteristics 1.7.8 and a flap position and / or a rotational speed 1.4.1.1 and / or a delivery rate 1.5.2.1 and / or a material flow 1.1 and / or a moisture content of the material flow 1.1.

[0044] The inventive method for extracting fine particles 1.1.2 from the material stream 1.1 comprises suction of partial particles 1.1.3 from the material stream 1.1 by means of the suction device 1.4 by means of the controllable airflow / suction 1.4.2 in the suction duct 1.4.3. It also comprises generating the controllable airflow 1.4.2 in the suction duct 1.4.3 by means of the suction device 1.4 and controlling the suction device 1.4 by means of the control device 1.7, by measuring the partial particles 1.1.3 extracted by the airflow 1.4.2 by means of the acceleration sensor 1.7.1 connected to the control device 1.7. Furthermore, the inventive method comprises the following steps: generation of an impulse-dependent sensor signal 1.7.2 by means of the partial particles 1.1.3 transported in the airflow 1.4.2 and impacting the accelerometer 1.7.1 with an impact impulse 3, and transmission of the sensor signal 1.7.2 to the control device 1.7. Generating the control signal value 2 by means of the control device 1.7 based on the measured sensor signals 1.7.2 and / or by means of the sensor signals 1.7.2 of the measured impact impulses 3 of the partial particles 1.1.3 on the acceleration sensor 1.7.1, and sending the control signal value 2 to the extraction device 1.4 to control the generated airflow 1.4.2 in the extraction duct 1.4.3, such that the extracted partial particles 1.1.3 comprise the definable mixture of product particles 1.1.1 and fine particles 1.1.2.

[0045] Furthermore, the inventive method comprises generating a vibration characteristic value 1.7.8 by the control device 1.7 based on the sensor signal 1.7.2, as well as generating a control signal value 2 by means of the control device 1.7 based on the generated vibration characteristic value 1.7.8 of the sensor signal 1.7.2, and sending the control signal value 2 to the extraction device 1.4 by the control device 1.7 for controlling the airflow 1.4.2 in the extraction duct 1.4.3 for extracting the partial particles 1.1.3.

[0046] The inventive method comprises a configuration method for the inventive cleaning device 1, wherein the configuration method comprises a manual configuration method and / or an automatic configuration method.

[0047] The manual configuration procedure involves the following steps: a) Display of recipe parameters 1.7.5.1 by the HMI 1.3.4 based on the control table 1.7.5; b) Selection of a recipe parameter value 1.7.5.1 by an operator of the cleaning device 1 based on the recipe parameter values ​​1.7.5.1 displayed on the HMI 1.3.4; c) Searching for the corresponding control parameter value 1.7.5.2 in the control table 1.7.5 and loading the corresponding control parameter value 1.7.5.2 into the control device 1.7; d) Generation of the target parameter value 1.7.7 by the signal processing unit 1.7.3 based on the loaded corresponding control parameter value 1.7.5.2;

[0048] Where optionally the control table 1.7 has at least one recipe parameter value 1.7.5.1 with a corresponding control parameter value 1.7.5.2 with the value of the target parameter 1.7.7.

[0049] The automatic configuration process includes the following steps: a) Measuring the material parameter value 1.9.1 of the material flow 1.1 using the material sensor 1.9 b) Sending the material parameter value 1.9.1 to the control device 1.7 c) Generating the target parameter 1.7.7 by the signal processing unit 1.7.3 based on the received material parameter value 1.9.1;

[0050] The signal processing unit 1.7.3 optionally includes a lookup table with at least one material parameter value 1.9.1 and a corresponding target parameter 1.7.7, and the target parameter 1.7.7 can be searched in the lookup table by the signal processing unit 1.7.3 based on the material parameter value 1.9.1, and the corresponding target parameter 1.7.7 can be received by the control device 1.7, so that corresponding target parameters 1.7.7 can be stored in the lookup table for different material types, for example, wheat, corn, soy, and different material moisture values. Optionally, the target parameter 1.7.7 can be generated manually by the signal processing unit 1.7.3 based on the lookup table. The recipe parameter values ​​1.7.5.1 and control parameter values ​​1.7.5 are stored in the look-up table.2. Characteristic curves are generated for different material types, allowing the cleaning performance of the cleaning machine to be adapted very flexibly and to additional or varying conditions. Furthermore, control parameters not stored in the control table (1.7.5.2) can be interpolated based on stored control parameter values ​​(1.7.5.2). Reference list

[0051] 1. Cleaning Device 1.1. Material Flow 1.1.1. Product Particles 1.1.2. Fine Particles 1.1.3. Partial Particles 1.1.5. Product Flow 1.1.5.1. First Product Flow 1.1.5.2. Second Product Flow 1.2. Screening Device 1.3. Housing 1.3.1. Material Inlet 1.3.2. Outlet 1.3.3. Drive 1.3.4. Human Machine Interface (HMI) 1.4. Extraction Device 1.4.1. Fan 1.4.1.1. Speed ​​1.4.2. Airflow / Suction 1.4.3. Extraction Duct 1.4.3.1. First Extraction Duct 1.4.3.2. Second Extraction Duct 1.4.3.3. Riser Duct 1.4.4. Throttle Valve 1.4.4.1. First throttle valve 1.4.4.2. Second throttle valve 1.5. Feed device 1.5.1. Feed channel 1.5.2. Conveyor device 1.5.2.1. Conveyor rate 1.6. Discharge device 1.6.1. Discharge channel 1.6.1.1. First discharge channel 1.6.1.2. Second discharge channel 1.7. Control device 1.7.1. Acceleration sensor 1.7.1.1. Baffle plate 1.7.1.2. Vibration sensor 1.7.1.3. Elastic mounting element 1.7.2. Sensor signal 1.7.2.1. Signal frequency spectrum 1.7.2.1.1. Baffle frequencies 1.7.2.1.2. Interference frequencies 1.7.3.Signal processing unit 1.7.3.1. Fast Fourier Transform unit (FFT unit) 1.7.4. Machine learning structure 1.7.4.1. Modeling machine 1.7.4.2. Network library 1.7.4.2.1. Data storage 1.7.4.2.1.1. Historical operating data 1.7.5. Control table 1.7.5.1. Recipe parameters 1.7.5.2. Control parameters 1.7.6. Control element 1.7.7. Target characteristic 1.7.8. Vibration characteristic 1.8. Housing 1.9. Material sensor 1.9.1. Material parameters 2. Control signal 2.1. Valve position value 2.2. Target speed 2.3. Target delivery rate 3. Impact impulse of partial particles.

Claims

1. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1), wherein the material stream (1.1) comprises a mixture of product particles (1.1.1) and fine particles (1.1.2), and wherein the fine particles (1.1.2) differ from the product particles (1.1.1) in weight and / or particle size and / or particle density, comprising an extraction device (1.4) with an extraction channel (1.4.3) for extracting partial particles (1.1.3) from the material stream (1.1) by means of a controllable airflow or suction (1.4.2) in the extraction channel (1.4.3), and a control device (1.7) for controlling the extraction device (1.4), wherein the extracted partial particles (1.1.3) are detected by the control device by means of an acceleration sensor (1.7.1) connected to the control device (1.7). (1.7) are measurable, characterized by the fact thatthe acceleration sensor (1.7.1) comprises a measuring range and the measuring range extends into a region of the airflow (1.4.2) containing the extracted partial particles (1.1.3), wherein an impulse-dependent sensor signal (1.7.2) can be generated by the acceleration sensor (1.7.1) using the partial particles (1.1.3) transported in the airflow (1.4.2) and impacting the measuring range of the acceleration sensor (1.7.1) with an impact impulse (3), and the sensor signal (1.7.2) can be transmitted to the control device (1.7); wherein the generated airflow (1.4.2) can be controlled by the control device (1.7) via the extraction device (1.4) based on the measured sensor signals (1.7.2) and / or the impact impulses (3) of the partial particles (1.1.3) on the acceleration sensor (1.7.1) measured by the sensor signals (1.7.2), and wherein the extraction device (1.4) can be controlled by the control device (1.7) such that the extracted partial particles (1.1.3) comprise a definable mixture of product particles (1.1.1) and fine particles (1.1.2).

2. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatThe sensor signal (1.7.2) exhibits time-varying vibrations with time-varying amplitudes and / or time-varying frequencies, wherein the vibrations can be generated by the impact impulse (3) from the product particle (1.1.1) and / or fine particles (1.1.2) of the partial particles (1.1.3) onto the measuring range of the accelerometer (1.7), wherein the control device (1.7) comprises a vibration characteristic value (1.7.8) that can be generated by the control device (1.7) based on the sensor signal (1.7.2) with a sampling frequency (f); wherein the control device (1.7) comprises a control signal value (2) that can be generated by the control device (1.7) based on the vibration characteristic value (1.7.1.1) for controlling the airflow (1.4.2) of the extraction device (1.4).

3. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to claim 2, characterized by the fact thatThe vibration characteristic (1.7.1.1) includes a power characteristic for quantifying the average power of the sensor signal (1.7.2) for a sampling period 1 / f.

4. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to claims 2 to 3, characterized by the fact that the control device (1.7) has a target characteristic value (1.7.7) and a control element (1.7.6), wherein the control signal value (2) can be generated by the control element (1.7.6) based on the target characteristic value (1.7.7) and the vibration characteristic value (1.7,1,1).

5. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to claim 4, characterized by the fact thatThe device (1) comprises a Human Machine Interface (1.3) and a control table (1.7.5) with at least one recipe parameter value (1.7.5.1) and a corresponding control parameter value (1.7.5.2), wherein a control parameter value (1.7.5.2) based on a selected recipe parameter value (1.7.5.1) can be searched in the control table (1.7.5) by the HMI (1.3.4) and sent to the control device (1.7); and wherein the selected control parameter value (1.7.5.2) can be received by the control device (1.7) and the target parameter value (1.7.7) can be generated by the control device (1.7) based on the selected control parameter value (1.7.5.2).

6. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to claims 4 to 5, characterized by the fact thatthe device (1) has a material sensor (1.9) for measuring a material parameter (1.9.1), wherein the material parameter (1.9.1) is a moisture value and / or a material type value and / or a size distribution value of the material flow (1.3), wherein the material parameter value (1.9.1) is receivable by the control device (1.7) and the target parameter (1.7.7) is generable based on the material parameter value (1.9.1).

7. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that The device (1) comprises a sieving device (1.2) for classifying the product particles (1.1.1) from the material stream (1.1) into a product stream (1.1.5), wherein the partial particles (1.1.3) can be extracted from the product stream (1.1.5) by means of the extraction channel (1.4.3).

8. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact thatthe extraction device (1.4) comprises a fan (1.4.1) with a variable speed (1.4.1.1) for regulating the volume flow of the airflow (1.4.2) in the extraction duct (1.4.3) and / or the extraction device (1.4) has an adjustable throttle valve (1.4.4 / 1.4.4.1) arranged on the extraction duct (1.4.3) with a valve position for regulating the airflow (1.4.2) and / or the device (1) has a conveying device (1.5.2) with a variable delivery rate (1.5.2.1).

9. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the control signal value (2) includes a flap position value (2.1) for controlling the throttle valve (1.4.4) and / or a target speed (2.2) for controlling the fan (1.4.1) and / or a target delivery rate (2.3) for controlling the delivery rate (1.5.2.1) of the delivery device (1.5.2).

10. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that The extraction duct (1.4.3) has a rising duct (1.4.3.3) for extracting the partial particles (1.1.1) against gravity (g), wherein the partial particles (1.1.3) extracted by the airflow (1.4.2) can be transported in the rising duct (1.4.3.3) with a movement angle of less than 80° against gravity (G).

11. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by the fact thatthe acceleration sensor (1.7.1) has a baffle plate (1.7.1.1), wherein the baffle plate (1.7.1.1) is elastically attached to the extraction duct (1.4.3) and the measuring range extends into a region of the airflow (1.4.2) containing the extracted partial particles (1.1.3); and wherein the baffle plate (1.7.1.1) can be set into vibration by means of the impact impulse (3) of partial particles (1.1.3) striking the baffle plate (1.7.1.1).

12. Device (1) for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to claims 1 to 11, characterized by the fact that the control device (1.7) has a machine learning structure (1.7.4) for determining the variable control signal value (2) for predefined vibration characteristics (1.7.2.1.1) and / or control parameter values ​​(1.7.5.2) and / or material parameter values ​​(1.9.1).

13. Method for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1), wherein the material stream (1.1) comprises a mixture of product particles (1.1.1) and fine particles (1.1.2), and wherein the fine particles (1.1.2) differ from product particles (1.1.1) in weight and / or particle size and / or particle density, comprising (i) extracting partial particles (1.1.3) from the material stream (1.1) by means of an extraction device (1.4) with an extraction duct (1.4.3) by means of a controllable airflow / suction (1.4.2) in the extraction duct (1.4.3), generating the controllable airflow (1.4.2) in the extraction duct (1.4.3) by means of the extraction device (1.4), and controlling the extraction device (1.4) by means of a control device (1.7), by measuring the airflow (1.4.2) extracted partial particles (1.1.3) by means of an acceleration sensor (1.7.1) connected to the control device (1.7), through the control device (1.7), characterized bya generation of an impulse-dependent sensor signal (1.7.2) by means of the partial particles (1.1.3) transported in the airflow (1.4.2) and impacting the accelerometer (1.7.1) with an impact impulse (3) and transmission of the sensor signal (1.7.2) to the control device (1.7), generation of a control signal value (2) by means of the control device (1.7) based on the measured sensor signals (1.7.2) and / or impact impulses (3) of the partial particles (1.1.3) on the accelerometer (1.7.1) measured by means of the sensor signals (1.7.2); and sending the control signal value (2) to the extraction device (1.4) to control the generated airflow (1.4.2) in the extraction duct (1.4.3) so that the extracted partial particles (1.1.3) comprise a definable mixture of product particles (1.1.1) and fine particles (1.1.2).

14. Method for extracting fine particles (1.1.2) from a material stream (1.1) according to claim 13, characterized byThe following steps are performed: generating a vibration characteristic value (1.7.8) by the control device (1.7) based on the sensor signal (1.7.2); generating a control signal value (2) by means of the control device (1.7) based on the generated vibration characteristic value (1.7.8) of the sensor signal (1.7.2); and sending the control signal value (2) to the extraction device (1.4) by the control device (1.7) to control the airflow (1.4.2) in the extraction duct (1.4.3) for extraction of the partial particles (1.1.3).

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