Stationary energy storage device with stacked modules

Abstract

The invention relates to a stationary energy storage device (1) with at least two battery modules (2, 3, 4) which are stacked one over the other and which have a battery assembly (16) that has a cell holder (17) for receiving and positioning a plurality of cells (18). The cells (18) are arranged next to one another such that one pole (19) of a cell (18) lies next to one pole (19) of an adjacent cell (18), and a plurality of connection elements (22) are provided which connect one pole (19) of a cell (18) to one pole (19) of an adjacent cell (18). The cell holder (17) has a base plate (20) and a cover plate (21), wherein the base plate (20) and the cover plate (21) are connected together by at least two support elements (23, 24), and the lower face of the base plate (20) and the upper face of the cover plate (21) are formed with complementarily shaped joining elements (28, 29; 30, 31) such that the cell holder (17) is held on a second identically shaped cell holder (17) so as to be aligned flush therewith.

Description

[0001] STATIONARY ENERGY STORAGE WITH STACKED MODULES

[0002] The invention relates to a stationary energy storage device with at least two battery modules stacked one above the other.

[0003] Energy storage systems are known in the art in which a plurality of galvanic cells are connected in a corresponding housing to form a battery module. The galvanic cells of such a battery module are electrically interconnected, and several such battery modules can be connected together to form an energy storage device. By connecting the galvanic cells of one battery module in series with those of another battery module, an energy storage device with a correspondingly high voltage is obtained.

[0004] From the document DE102019110697A1, a high-voltage battery rack is known in which individual battery modules are held in a shelf-like frame and which is controlled via a central rack control system.

[0005] From DE102007047652B4 a battery device, in particular a battery device with separate battery units, in which lithium batteries are connected in parallel by means of a carrier and conductive strips, is known.

[0006] The object of the present invention was to provide a device with which energy storage devices for different application situations can be produced with greater flexibility.

[0007] This object is achieved by a device and a method according to the claims.

[0008] The device according to the invention is a stationary energy storage device with at least two battery modules stacked one above the other, which have at least one battery arrangement, wherein the battery arrangement has a cell holder for receiving and positioning a plurality of cells at a mutual distance, and wherein the cells are arranged next to one another in the cell holder so that a pole of a cell lies next to a pole of an adjacent cell, and wherein the battery arrangement has a plurality of connecting elements which connect a pole of a cell to a pole of an adjacent cell.The cell holder has a base plate and a cover plate, wherein the base plate and the cover plate are connected to one another by at least two support elements, and wherein an underside of the base plate and an upper side of the cover plate are formed with joining elements that are shaped complementarily to one another, so that the cell holder is held in an aligned position on a second, similarly shaped cell holder.

[0009] The further development of the energy storage system, whereby the joining element on the underside of the base plate is formed from a web running around the circumference of the cell holder, offers the additional advantage of a more stable and tighter connection of the modules.

[0010] It is also advantageous if the joining elements arranged on opposite long sides of the base plate are asymmetrically shaped. This ensures that two battery modules placed on top of each other can only be assembled in a specific orientation or spatial configuration.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the energy storage device, the height of the joining elements protruding from the underside of the base plate is such that, when stacked on top of each other, the load of the upper battery module is completely absorbed by the cell holder of the lower battery module. This has the advantage of preventing unwanted loads and possible deformation of the paneling.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting element electrically connects the positive poles of a first group of cells to the negative poles of a second group of cells in series. This has the advantage that energy storage devices can be flexibly configured depending on the desired capacity and voltage level.

[0013] According to an advantageous development of the energy storage device, the cell holder comprises a single-piece or multi-piece injection-molded part, wherein the injection-molded part is made of a plastic. This allows for economical production and also offers the advantage of electrical insulation.

[0014] The embodiment, in which the support elements consist of segments arranged at an angle to one another or are curved, viewed in the stacking direction, gives the cell holders increased inherent stability.

[0015] It is also advantageous if the cells are held in place in the cell holder by the connecting element. Designing the energy storage device with a stamped sheet metal part as the connecting element has the advantage of simplifying the manufacturing of the connecting elements.

[0016] It is also advantageous that the connecting element is laser-welded to the poles of the cells, as this creates a very good and mechanically stable conductive connection.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the energy storage device, a chamber is formed between the cover plate of the cell holder and the base plate of the second cell holder. A circuit board with measuring electronics is arranged in the chamber, and the measuring electronics is in electrical contact with the connecting elements. This allows the respective electrical differential voltages between the cells or cell groups in the cell holder to be measured and monitored directly on site. The control device can thus react programmatically to failures of individual cells that occur during operation of the energy storage device.

[0018] According to a further development of the energy storage device, it is provided that a control device is included, wherein the control device has an operating terminal. This allows users of the energy storage device to query information about the operating status via the operating terminal or to enter control commands that influence the functioning of the energy storage device or to make settings.

[0019] Another advantageous design for the energy storage device is one in which the battery module has a single- or multi-part panel, which is arranged on the cell holder for coverage and access protection. The cell holder is the only one designed to transfer loads to other battery modules or a base module. This avoids unwanted stresses and possible deformation of the panel.

[0020] Preferably, seals are arranged on the paneling, providing dust-, liquid-, and / or gas-tight protection for the interior of the battery module. This has the advantage of minimizing energy losses, e.g., due to leakage currents caused by contamination.

[0021] Another advantageous variant of the energy storage device is one in which the connecting elements and / or the circuit board are shielded by a plastic film that is welded, glued or connected to the cell holder via a liquid-tight connection and is thus also protected before and during the assembly process.

[0022] For a better understanding of the invention, it is explained in more detail using the following figures.

[0023] They show in a highly simplified, schematic representation:

[0024] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an energy storage device in a fully assembled state;

[0025] Fig. 2 shows a detail with two battery modules of the energy storage device according to Fig. 1;

[0026] Fig. 3 shows a cell holder of a battery arrangement with cells arranged therein in perspective;

[0027] Fig. 4 shows the battery arrangement according to Fig. 3 in a partially disassembled state;

[0028] Fig. 5 shows a cross-section of the two battery modules according to Fig. 2 in perspective and in a partially exploded view;

[0029] Fig. 6 shows the battery module according to Fig. 3, represented by its cells and electrical connections;

[0030] Fig. 7 shows a detail of the high-voltage side of the battery module according to Fig. 6 in perspective;

[0031] Fig. 8 is a plan view of the battery arrangement according to Fig. 6;

[0032] Fig. 9 shows a detail of the battery arrangement with a connecting element and groups of cells connected thereto;

[0033] Fig. 10 shows a detail of the battery arrangement of the battery module according to Fig. 6 in perspective;

[0034] Fig. 11 a clamp in two views, with an inside and an outside, each shown in perspective;

[0035] Fig. 12 shows the bracket according to Fig. 11 in an exploded perspective view. By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the variously described embodiments, identical parts are provided with identical reference symbols or identical component designations. The disclosures contained throughout the description can be applied analogously to identical parts with identical reference symbols or identical component designations. Furthermore, the positional information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., refers to the directly described and illustrated figure, and in the event of a change in position, these positional information must be applied analogously to the new position.

[0036] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an energy storage device 1 in its fully assembled state. According to this exemplary embodiment, the stationary energy storage device 1 comprises three battery modules 2, 3, 4, which are arranged one on top of the other, placed vertically on top of one another or stacked on top of one another. The battery modules 2, 3, 4 of the energy storage device 1 are structurally identical to one another. In addition, the energy storage device 1 also comprises a base module 5, onto which the three battery modules 2, 3, 4 are placed. Finally, a roof module 6, which is placed on the third battery module 4, forms the upper end of the energy storage device 1. The base areas of the base module 5 and the roof module 6 are the same size and shape as those of the battery modules 2, 3, 4, so that the external shape of the energy storage device corresponds to that of an upright, straight prism.

[0037] Attached to the narrow side surface of the energy storage unit 1 facing the viewer are four clamps 7 arranged vertically next to one another. Cables running through the clamps 7 establish an electrical connection between modules arranged directly above one another. The clamps 7 can also mechanically connect two stacked modules. The system of identical battery modules 2, 3, 4 and clamps 7 constructed in this manner allows the energy storage unit 1 to be expanded with additional battery modules 2, 3, 4 as needed.

[0038] The energy storage device 1 also has a control device 8 and an operating terminal 9, which are formed in the roof module 6.

[0039] Preferably, clips 7 for connecting the modules of the energy storage device 1 are attached to both sides, i.e. to the two narrower side surfaces. This means that the clips 7 are arranged in pairs or mirror-symmetrically with respect to a vertical center plane 10 of the energy storage device 1. Fig. 2 shows a detail of the energy storage device 1 according to Fig. 1. Only the first or lower battery module 2 and the second or upper battery module 3 stacked on top of it are shown, isolated from all other parts of the energy storage device 1. The jacket-like surrounding sides of the battery modules 2, 3 each have a paneling 11. The paneling 11 of the battery modules 2, 3 act as a cover and in particular form protection against access by people to the electrical lines or to the galvanic cells. The paneling 11 of the battery modules 2, 3 is preferably designed in several parts.According to this exemplary embodiment, the planking 11 is formed by a first plank part 12 and a second plank part 13, which are mirror-symmetrical to each other. This means that the two plank parts 12, 13 of the planking 11 each enclose the battery modules 2, 3 on their shell sides, one half at a time. Thus, they appear U-shaped in a top view.

[0040] On the narrower shell sides of the battery modules 2, 3, two sockets 14 are formed in a lower edge region and two sockets 15 are formed in an upper edge region. The stacked battery modules 2, 3 can be connected by means of these sockets 14, 15 using clamps 7 (Fig. 1). This means that the clamp 7 enables an electrically conductive connection from the upper socket 15 of the lower battery module 2 to the adjacent lower socket 14 on the upper battery module 3. The combination of the sockets 14, 15 arranged in the side walls of the battery modules 2, 3 on the one hand and the clamps 7 which can be plugged in from a lateral direction on the other hand offers the advantage of easy assembly of the energy storage device 1. The battery modules 2, 3 only have to be stacked on top of one another and then the clamps 7 inserted.This creates a fully functional electrical connection between the modules without the need for special tools.

[0041] 3 and 4. Fig. 3 shows a battery arrangement 16 which comprises a cell holder 17 and cells 18 arranged in the cell holder 17. The planking 11, i.e. the two plank parts 12, 13, are not shown. Fig. 4 shows the battery arrangement 16 according to Fig. 3 in a partially further disassembled state. An upper half of the cell holder 17 is disassembled, so that further internal parts are visible. A plurality of identical cells 18 are accommodated in the cell holder 17 of the battery arrangement 16 and held at a mutual, regular distance from one another. The cells 18 are arranged upright next to one another in the cell holder 17 so that electrical poles 19 of adjacent cells 18 lie next to one another. A longitudinal extension of the cells 18 runs between a base plate 20 and a cover plate 21 of the cell holder 17.According to this exemplary embodiment, it is also provided that galvanic cells are used in which both poles 19 of the cells 18 (i.e., the electrical positive pole and the electrical negative pole) are located at only one end of their longitudinal extension. The poles 19 of the cells 18 are arranged horizontally in the region of the cover plate 21. Accordingly, the battery arrangement 16 also has a plurality of connecting elements 22 in the region of the cover plate 21, which connect at least one pole 19 of a first cell 18 to at least one pole 19 of another cell 18.

[0042] In addition to the base plate 20 and the cover plate 21, the cell holder 17 of the battery assembly 16 has a first support element 23 and a second support element 24 located at opposite ends of the base plate 20 and the cover plate 21. The support elements 23, 24 hold the base plate 20 and the cover plate 21 at a distance 25 and parallel to each other. The distance 25 between the base plate 20 and the cover plate 21 corresponds to the length of the cells 18.

[0043] As can be seen in a comparison of the representation of the battery assembly 16 in Figs. 3 and 4, the cell holder 17 is essentially divided into two parts, with a lower frame part 26 comprising the base plate 20 and one half of each of the two support elements 23, 24, and an upper frame part 27 comprising the cover plate 21 and the respective complementary halves of the support elements 23, 24. The two frame parts 26, 27 of the cell holder 17 are preferably manufactured as injection-molded parts from a plastic.

[0044] Fig. 5 shows a cross-section of the two battery modules 2, 3 according to Fig. 2, shown in perspective and in a partially exploded view. The upper battery module 3 is shown in a position vertically raised from the lower battery module 2. On an underside of the base plate 20 of the cell holder 17, downwardly projecting joining elements 28, 29 can be seen. According to this exemplary embodiment, the joining elements 28, 29 of the base plate 20 of the cell holder 17 are each arranged in edge regions of opposite longitudinal sides of the base plate 20. In the illustrated embodiment of the joining elements 28, 29, these are each designed in the form of a rectilinear web.

[0045] Corresponding to the joining elements 28, 29 on the underside of the cell holder 17, the cover plate 21 has complementarily shaped joining elements 30, 31. This means that the joining elements 30, 31 are formed by recesses in the cover plate 21 that are open on their upper side. As indicated in Fig. 5 by the dashed arrows running from the upper battery module 3 to the lower battery module 2, when the battery modules 2, 3 are assembled, the joining elements 28, 29 of the upper battery module 3 are inserted or inserted into the corresponding joining elements 30, 31 of the lower battery module 2. The joining elements 28, 29 of the cell holder 17 of the upper battery module 3 thus engage in a form-fitting manner with the joining elements 30, 31 on the upper side of the cover plate 21 of the second cell holder 17 of the lower battery module 2. In this way, the cell holders 17 hold the two directly superimposed battery modules 2, 3 in an aligned position (Fig. 2).This prevents the cell holders 17 from moving sideways relative to one another.

[0046] In combination with the positively interlocking joining elements 28, 29 of the cell holder 17, the clamps 7, which are attached from the side, also create a positive, mechanical connection between the two directly superimposed battery modules 2, 3 (Fig. 2). This means that the clamps 7 can prevent the upper battery module 3 from lifting off the lower battery module 2 and thus prevent the joining elements 28, 29 from separating from one another.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the joining elements 28, 29 of the base plate 20 and the joining elements 30, 31 of the cover plate 21, the joining elements 28, 29 can also be shaped differently or asymmetrically relative to one another. This ensures that two battery modules 2, 3, 4 placed on top of one another can only be assembled in a specific alignment or spatial orientation. This also prevents incorrect connections or short circuits, and thus damage to the energy storage device 1, when establishing the electrical connections with the clamps 7.

[0048] Furthermore, a height 32 of the joining elements 28, 29 protruding from the underside of the base plate 20 is dimensioned such that, when the battery modules 2, 3 are stacked on top of one another, a chamber 33 is formed that is delimited by the cover plate 21 of the lower battery module 2 and the base plate 20 of the upper battery module 3. In addition to the connecting elements 22 for connecting the poles 19 of adjacent cells 18 (Fig. 4), other electronic components can also be accommodated in this chamber 33. In particular, a heat exchanger of a cooling device of the energy storage device 1 can be arranged in the chamber 33 (not shown).

[0049] On the other hand, the height 32 of the joining elements 28, 29 protruding from the underside of the base plate 20 is also dimensioned so large that, when stacked on top of each other, the load of the upper battery module 3 is fully absorbed by the cell holder 17 of the lower battery module 2. This avoids stress and possible deformation of the paneling 11. The area of ​​the cell holder 17 formed on the underside of the base plate 20 by the protruding joining elements 28, 29 can also be referred to as a base section or stacking edge. Optionally, a seal can be arranged between adjacent edges of the paneling 11 of two stacked battery modules 2, 3.

[0050] To protect the cells 18 and the connecting elements 22, a film 34 extending to the edges of the cover plate 21 can be arranged over them. The film 34 is attached to the edges of the cover plate 21 of the cell holders 17 using rivets or screws. It thus protects against possible electric shocks when handling the battery modules 2, 3 for assembling the energy storage device 1. In an improved embodiment, the film 34 can also be welded or glued to the cell holder 17. The film 34 can then also provide dust-, moisture-, and gas-tight shielding of the cells 18 (including the connecting elements 22 and the other electronic components) from the environment.

[0051] According to an alternative embodiment, the joining elements 28, 29 on the base plate 20 of the cell holder 17 can also be formed by a web extending over the entire circumference of the base plate 20 or at least over a partial area of ​​the circumference of the base plate 20.

[0052] Details of the electrical connection of the galvanic cells 18 in the battery modules 2, 3, 4 are described in more detail with reference to the following Figures 6 to 10. Figure 6 shows the battery module 2 according to Figure 3, represented solely by the galvanic cells 18 as positioned in the battery arrangement 16. Poles 19 of adjacent cells 18 are connected using connecting elements 22. The two ends of the series-connected cells 18 are finally connected to a first busbar 35 and a second busbar 36. Both busbars 35, 36 are arranged together on the same front end region of the battery arrangement 16 - corresponding to a high-voltage side 37 (HV side 37) - (in the illustration, on the left side of Figure 6). Finally, on the second end face 38 opposite the HV side 37, the battery arrangement 16 also has a potential equalization bar 39 and a communication bar 40.

[0053] Fig. 7 shows a detail of the battery module 2 according to Fig. 6 with a perspective view of the HV side 37. The busbar 35 and the busbar 36 are each connected to one of the two electrical poles of the battery arrangement 16. In addition to the two busbars 35, 36, a ground bar 41 is also arranged on the HV side 37. As already explained in the introduction in connection with Figs. 1 and 2, battery modules 2, 3, 4 lying directly above one another are electrically connected to one another by the clamps 7. Electrically conductive bridges 42, 43, 44, 45 are shown in Fig. 7 as representatives of this clamp 7. These are part of the clamp 7 and are firmly connected to its housing (Figs. 11, 12). The two bridges 42, 43 on the one hand and the two bridges 44, 45 on the other hand are arranged in pairs next to each other and their ends are designed for insertion into the bushings 14, 15 (Fig.2) and contacting corresponding ends of the busbars 35, 36 or the ground rail 41, as indicated by dashed arrows in Fig. 7. The bridges 42, 43, 44, 45 are preferably made of sheet metal parts with spring-shaped contact points. Their basic external shape corresponds to that of a clamp.

[0054] Fig. 8 shows a plan view of the battery arrangement 16 of the battery module 2 according to Fig. 6. As in Figs. 6 and 7, the battery arrangement 16 of the battery module 2 is shown in a simplified manner, only by the arrangement of its cells 18. In addition, the connecting elements 22, by which the poles 19 of adjacent cells 18 are contacted with one another, the two busbars 35, 36 and the ground bar 41 on the HV side 37 as well as the equipotential bonding bar 39 and the communication bar 40 on the opposite end face 38 are shown. The cells 18 of the battery arrangement 16 are arranged at regular intervals in the manner of a two-dimensional grid. The connecting elements 22 are shaped such that poles 19 of the same polarity of a first group 46 of cells 18 connected in parallel are electrically contacted.On the other hand, the same connecting element 22 electrically contacts the poles 19 of opposite polarity of the cells 18 of a second group 47. Consequently, the connecting elements 22 designed in this way ensure that the positive poles of a first group 46 of cells 18 are electrically connected to the negative poles of a second group 47 of cells 18 in a series circuit. This is more clearly evident in the illustration of the connecting element 22 in Fig. 9.

[0055] Fig. 9 shows a detail of the battery assembly 16 with the connecting element 22 and the cells 18 of the first group 46 and the second group 47, which are electrically contacted by the connecting element 22. The connecting element 22 is also designed to hold the cells 18 contacted by it in the cell holder 17 of the battery assembly 16. For this purpose, the connecting elements 22 are mechanically fastened to the cell holder 17 (Fig. 3). The connecting elements 22 are preferably stamped from sheet metal and shaped by bending.

[0056] According to this exemplary embodiment of the connecting elements 22 of the battery assemblies 16, the connecting element 22 also comprises a contact tab 48. The connecting element 22 is connected to a printed circuit board 49 (Figs. 5, 7) by the contact tab 48 protruding upwards above the cover plate 21 of the cell holder 17. The printed circuit board 49 is designed as a measuring board with corresponding measuring electronics, and the respective electrical differential voltages can be measured and thus monitored via the contact tabs 48 of the connecting elements 22. In addition to measuring electronics, a control module can also be provided on the printed circuit board 49, which, in cooperation with the control device 8 of the energy storage device 1, monitors and controls its operating states.

[0057] The circuit board 49, as well as the connecting elements 22, are arranged in the chamber 33 in the area of ​​the cover plate 21 of the cell holder 17.

[0058] In an alternative embodiment of the battery arrangement 16 of the battery modules 2, 3, 4, the poles 19 of the cells 18 can also be electrically connected by conductor tracks formed on the underside of the printed circuit board 49 instead of by individual connecting elements 22 (not shown).

[0059] Fig. 10 shows a perspective view of a detail of the battery assembly 16 of the battery module 2 according to Fig. 6. This view corresponds to a viewing direction of the end face 38 of the battery assembly 16 in a reduced representation, i.e., without parts of the cell holder 17 (Figs. 3, 4). On the end face 38 of the battery assembly 16 opposite the HV side 37, contact ends of the potential equalization bar 39, on the one hand, and contact points of the communication bar 40, on the other hand, are accessible for the bridges 42 to 45 of the clamp 7 via the sockets 14, 15 (Figs. 3, 4).

[0060] As already explained above in connection with the description of Fig. 7, the bridges 42, 43 and the bridges 44, 45 are each fastened in pairs next to one another in the clamp 7 (Figs. 11, 12). In this case, it is also provided that the bridges 42 and 43, which are made of an electrically conductive material, as well as the two bridges 44, 45, are electrically insulated from one another. This has the advantage that - when contact points of the bridges 42 and 43 are brought into engagement with contact points of the communication rail 40 - two separate signal lines 50, 51 are created. The two signal lines 50, 51 routed through the communication rail 40 are connected to the control electronics of the printed circuit board 49. A bus system orA communication system for data exchange with the control device 8 of the roof module 6 of the energy storage device 1 can be established. The design of the clamps 7 with the bridges 42 to 45 for electrical contacting in such a way that the paired bridges 42, 43 as well as the bridges 44, 45 are each electrically insulated from one another ensures that when assembling the battery modules 2, 3, 4 and connecting them with the clamps 7, no faulty switching occurs in the contacting of the communication rail 40.

[0061] Assuming that the distances between the contact ends of the bridges 42, 43 as well as those between the contact ends of the bridges 44, 45 are dimensioned in relation to the respective thicknesses of the equipotential bonding bar 39 and the communication bar 40 such that when the bridges 42 to 45 are plugged in, elastic deformation occurs, generating a sufficiently large contact force between the contact points. In an alternative embodiment, it is also possible for the bridges 42, 43, the bridges 44, 45 on the one hand, and the sockets 14, 15 on the other hand to be formed by a plug / socket system of a different design.

[0062] A first embodiment of the clamps 7 is described with reference to Figs. 11 and 12. Fig. 11 shows an inner side (left view) and an outer side of the clamp 7 (right view), each shown in perspective. Fig. 12 shows an exploded view of the clamp 7, shown in perspective.

[0063] The clamp 7 comprises a base body or a clamp housing 52 to which the bridges 42 to 45 are fastened. The inner side of the clamp 7, shown on the left in Fig. 11, is the side which, when assembled with the battery modules 2, 3, 4, faces the HV side 37 or the end face 38 opposite it. The bridges 42, 43, 44, 45 are preferably made from sheet metal parts in the shape of a clamp. Their protruding ends form spring-shaped contact points. The clamp 7 also has a seal 53 running around the edge of the clamp housing 52. When assembled with the battery modules 2, 3, 4, this seal rests on the outside of the paneling 11 of the battery modules 2, 3, 4. Finally, in the assembled state, only the outer side of the clamp 7 shown on the right in Fig. 11, i.e. the outer side of the clamp housing 52, is visible.

[0064] The clamp housing 52 is preferably made of an injection-molded plastic part. Parts of the clamp housing 52 in the area of ​​the bridges 42 to 45 simultaneously form a supporting frame for them. In an alternative embodiment of the bridges 42 to 45, these can also be formed by wires running through the clamp housing 52 with plugs at their ends, instead of sheet metal parts.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, two downwardly projecting joining elements 54 are formed in a lower edge region of the clamp housing 52. On the other hand, recesses 55 complementary to the joining elements 54 are formed in an upper edge region of the clamp housing 52. Clamps 7 following one another in the vertical direction, which are fastened to the corresponding end faces 37, 38 of the battery modules 2, 3, 4, can thus be assembled by the interlocking of the joining elements 54 and the recesses 55. Advantageously, the lateral distances between the two sockets 14 at the lower edge region of the cell holder 17 and the two sockets 15 at the upper edge region of the cell holder 17 are selected to be equal. It is also advantageous if the first sockets 14 and the second sockets 15 are arranged so as to be aligned with one another in the vertical direction.

[0066] The embodiments show possible embodiments, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but rather various combinations of the individual embodiments with each other are also possible and this possibility of variation lies within the skill of the person skilled in the art in this technical field due to the teaching of technical action by means of the objective invention.

[0067] The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings must be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the various embodiments shown and described may represent independent inventive solutions. The problem underlying these independent inventive solutions can be derived from the description.

[0068] All information on value ranges in this description is to be understood as including any and all sub-ranges thereof, e.g. the information 1 to 10 is to be understood as including all sub-ranges starting from the lower limit of 1 and the upper limit of 10, ie all sub-ranges begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end with an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

[0069] For the sake of clarity, it should be noted that some elements have been shown not to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size to improve understanding of the structure.

[0070] Energy storage 31 Battery module joining element 32 Battery module height 33 Battery module chamber 34 Base module foil 35 Roof module busbar 36 Busbar clamp 37 HV side

[0071] Control device 38 Front panel control terminal 39 Potential equalization bar

[0072] Middle level 40 Communication rail planking 41 Ground rail

[0073] Plank part 42 Bridge Plank part 43 Bridge

[0074] Socket 44 Bridge

[0075] Socket 45 Bridge

[0076] B attery arrangement 46 group Cell holder 47 group

[0077] Cell 48 contact tab

[0078] Pin 49 circuit board

[0079] Base plate 50 Signal cable Cover plate 51 Signal cable

[0080] Connecting element 52 Clamp housing Supporting element 53 Sealing Supporting element 54 Joining element Distance 55 Recess Frame part Frame part Joining element Joining element Joining element

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1. Stationary energy storage device (1) with at least two battery modules (2, 3, 4) stacked one above the other, which have at least one battery arrangement (16), wherein the battery arrangement (16) has a cell holder (17) for receiving and positioning a plurality of cells (18) at a mutual distance (25), and wherein the cells (18) are arranged next to one another in the cell holder (17) so that a pole (19) of a cell (18) lies next to a pole (19) of an adjacent cell (18), and wherein the battery arrangement (16) has a plurality of connecting elements (22) which connect a pole (19) of a cell (18) to a pole (19) of an adjacent cell (18), characterized in that the cell holder (17) has a base plate (20), a cover plate (21) and two support elements (23, 24), wherein the base plate (20) and the cover plate (21) are connected by the two support elements (23, 24) are connected to each other,and wherein a bottom side of the base plate (20) and a top side of the cover plate (21) are formed with joining elements (28, 29; 30, 31) of complementary shape to each other, so that the cell holder (17) is held in an aligned position on a second, similarly shaped cell holder (17).

2. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the joining element (28, 29) on the underside of the base plate (20) is formed from a web which runs at least partially around the circumference of the cell holder (17).

3. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that joining elements (28, 29) arranged on opposite longitudinal sides of the base plate (20) are shaped asymmetrically to one another.

4. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a height (32) of the joining elements (28, 29) projecting from the underside of the base plate (20) is so large that, when stacked on top of one another, the load of the upper battery module (3) is completely absorbed by the cell holder (17) of the lower battery module (2).

5. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that positive poles of a first Group (46) of cells (18) are electrically connected to negative poles of a second group (47) of cells (18) in series.

6. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cell holder (17) comprises a one-piece or multi-piece injection-molded part, wherein the injection-molded part is made of a plastic.

7. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support elements (23, 24) consist of segments arranged at an angle to one another or are arc-shaped, viewed in the stacking direction.

8. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cells (18) are held in their position in the cell holder (17) by the connecting element (22).

9. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting element (22) comprises a stamped sheet metal part.

10. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting element (22) is laser-welded to the poles (19) of the cells (18).

11. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a chamber (33) is formed between the cover plate (21) of a first cell holder (17) and the base plate (20) of a second cell holder (17) arranged above the first cell holder (17), wherein a printed circuit board (49) with measuring electronics is arranged in the chamber (33), and the measuring electronics is in electrical contact with the connecting elements (22).

12. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control device (8) is included, wherein the control device has an operating terminal (9).

13. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery module (2, 3, 4) has a single-part or multi-part planking (11) which is arranged on the cell holder (17) for covering and access protection, wherein only the cell holder (17) is designed for load transfer to further battery modules (2, 3, 4) or a base module (5).

14. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that seals are arranged on the paneling (11), by means of which the interior of the battery module (2, 3, 4) is shielded in a dust-tight, liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner.

15. Stationary energy storage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting elements (22) and / or the printed circuit board (49) are shielded by a plastic film (34) which is welded, glued or connected via a liquid-tight connection to the cell holder (17).

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