Plant and method for producing concrete blocks with colour decoration

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (1) for the production of concrete blocks (23) with a colored pattern (Dk), comprising a production mold (3), one or more filling trolleys (4, 5) for filling the production mold (3), a grouting device (8), a structuring device (11, 12, 13) for structuring a surface (9) of concrete filled into the production mold (3), and one or more color nozzles (2) with which color can be sprayed onto the surface (9), wherein the grouting device (8) is movable between a starting position, which is vertically removed from the surface (9), and a working position in which it acts to inject color onto the concrete in the production mold (3). The system (1) is designed such that the color nozzles (2) are arranged vertically above the production mold (2) to such an extent that a lowermost region of the grouting device (8) is located below the color nozzles (2) in the starting position.

Description

field of technology

[0001] First, a plant for the production of concrete blocks with a colored pattern is described, comprising a production mold, one or more filling trolleys or filling devices for filling the production mold, a grouting device, a structuring device for structuring a surface of concrete filled into the production mold, and one or more color nozzles with which color can be sprayed onto the surface, wherein the grouting device is movable between a starting position, which is vertically removed from the surface, and a working position, in which it acts to compact the concrete in the production mold.

[0002] Furthermore, a method for producing concrete blocks with a colored pattern in a manufacturing mold is described, wherein the manufacturing mold is filled by means of one or more filling trolleys, then a surface of the concrete filled into the manufacturing mold is structured by means of a structuring device and color is sprayed onto the structured surface by means of one or more color nozzles, wherein the concrete filled into the mold is further compacted, wherein a compaction device provided for this purpose is moved between a starting position, which is vertically removed from the surface, and a working position in which it acts to compact the concrete in the manufacturing mold, wherein the color is further applied to the surface with the color nozzles after structuring but before compaction. State of the art

[0003] From JP 2005 001 174 A, a plant for the production of color-decorated or patterned concrete blocks is known, in which color nozzles are attached to a carriage and can be moved by means of the carriage between a raised press and the production mold over the production mold to spray color onto the production mold.

[0004] A comparable device is also known from EP 4 043 169 A1. Furthermore, reference should be made to JP 09 019 915 A, which likewise discloses a plant for the production of colored concrete blocks.

[0005] From WO 2024 / 099 484 A1, a plant for the production of concrete blocks with a colored pattern is known, in which the color nozzles or a number of color nozzles are arranged in a vertical space between the grouting device and the mold. The color nozzles are thus positioned relatively close to the surface of the concrete poured into the mold. Furthermore, particularly when the mold is designed for vibration grouting, the color nozzles can become impaired or dirty. This known plant also includes a roller for structuring the surface, the roller being attached to a filling carriage and movable over the mold by this carriage.

[0006] From JP 9-29 723 A, a plant for the production of concrete blocks is known in which color is also sprayed onto the surface of a raw block for coloring purposes. The raw blocks are cut from an endlessly wound belt and their surfaces are textured by means of a structured roller die. The roller die is positioned in the direction of transport after the application of the concrete, which may contain certain additives such as water and / or fibers and / or silicate. The raw blocks must first be transported further for this process. Summary of the invention

[0007] Based on the prior art presented, the invention aims to provide an advantageous plant for the production of concrete blocks with a colour pattern and an advantageous method for the production of concrete blocks with such a colour pattern.

[0008] Regarding the plant for producing concrete blocks with a colored pattern, the primary and essential solution to the problem, at least in one alternative, is that the structuring device includes a structuring element that can be applied to the surface independently of any movement of the filling carriage. Furthermore, it is specifically provided that the structuring element can be moved or repositioned transversely to the direction of travel of the filling carriage or filling device to apply the pattern to the surface. Once the concrete has been poured into the mold, the carriage or filling device is typically returned to its starting position, thus exposing the top of the mold. The roller can then be moved transversely to the direction of travel of the filling carriage or filling device, in particular by rolling it across the surface, so that the desired effect can be achieved.This preferably also corresponds to the movement of a plate section, which may be used alternatively or additionally for structuring. In this case, the roller or the support plate preferably moves on a different plane than the filling carriages.

[0009] Furthermore, with regard to the plant for the production of concrete blocks with a colored pattern, it may be provided, at least as an alternative, that the color nozzles are arranged vertically above the production mold to such an extent that a lowest area of ​​the injection device is located below the color nozzles in the starting position.

[0010] In the usual procedure for the injection device, between the starting position and the working position, the injection device, with respect to its lowest section—which may be defined by one or more piston surfaces that come into contact with the surface of the concrete poured into the form during injection (i.e., compaction of the concrete)—moves below the paint nozzles. This refers in particular to the exit surface of the paint nozzles, from which the paint is usually dispensed in a spray jet.

[0011] The paint nozzles are thus advantageously positioned relatively far from the surface of the concrete poured into the mold. This also allows for a suitably wide spray pattern when it reaches the surface. The paint nozzles themselves are largely protected from influence and impairment by the device elements, in particular by the mold and the grouting or compaction equipment. Nevertheless, an effective paint application can be achieved.

[0012] Regarding the process, the primary and essential aspect is that the paint nozzles for spraying the paint are positioned vertically above the mold to such an extent that the lowest section of the compression device is located below the paint nozzles in its initial position. This achieves the same advantages as those described in relation to the system.

[0013] In addition to or preferably as an alternative to the arrangement of the color nozzles, the system for producing concrete blocks with a colored pattern can be configured to arrange the color nozzles laterally to the mold and / or the injection unit. This lateral arrangement, like the arrangement relatively high up in the vertical direction, can serve to protect the color nozzles from direct contact with the system components, particularly the mold and / or the injection unit. Nevertheless, effective color application can be achieved. A comparatively long spray pattern can also be obtained.With a lateral arrangement, but still in a vertical area which, in the initial position of the pressing device, corresponds to the vertical distance between the manufacturing mold and the pressing device, a comparatively flat paint jet can also be achieved, which can also be advantageous for effective paint application.

[0014] The paint nozzle(s) can, in particular, be designed such that the paint jet itself is funnel-shaped in one embodiment, with a minimum funnel diameter at the exit surface. Alternatively, the paint nozzle can also be designed to produce a flat and wide paint jet. With multiple paint nozzles, these designs can also vary. Preferably, one, several, or all paint nozzles can be adjustable, for example, between a flat jet and a wide jet.

[0015] In addition to or as an alternative to the vertical arrangement of the paint nozzles or the lateral arrangement of the paint nozzles, it may also be provided that the structuring device has a structuring element that can be brought to act on the surface independently of any movement of the filling carriage.

[0016] A process sequence is preferably provided for such a system in which a production mold, preferably only vertically movable, is filled by filling trolleys that move laterally over the mold. The production mold is essentially a grid open at the top and bottom, with grid surfaces that extend vertically over the height of the stone to be produced. When filled, the production mold rests on a work surface, which, once the mold has moved back vertically upwards, allows the raw blocks produced by filling and compaction, as described below, to be transported further. Advantageously, two filling trolleys are preferably provided, arranged opposite each other with respect to the production mold. Different types of concrete can be filled into the production mold using the filling trolleys.

[0017] After an initial filling, as described in detail below, for example with coarse concrete, an initial compaction can be carried out. This is done by lowering the injection unit and applying pressure to the already filled concrete. The injection unit preferably consists of a flat injection surface extending perpendicular to a vertical direction within its area of ​​effect. The surface of the already filled concrete is thus injected or leveled to create a flat surface and thereby compacted. The injection unit is then raised again, and a further layer of concrete, preferably with a different consistency (exposed concrete), is poured in using a second filling carriage. Subsequently, the surface is textured, as described in this disclosure. Following this, the textured surface is sprayed with paint.

[0018] Subsequently, this surface, now sprayed with paint, is pressed again, meaning it is compacted, and if necessary, additionally compacted by vibration. This compaction is preferably carried out using the same pressing device that was initially used to compact (only) the coarse concrete. Here, too, the surface of the resulting concrete block blank is leveled, meaning it is made flat on the surface, perpendicular to a vertical. However, the prior texturing, which is leveled during this process, allows for an interesting color effect to be achieved through the paint applied over the previous texturing. The paint layer can be visually interrupted by the leveling process.

[0019] Afterwards, the production mold is raised and the produced blanks are moved away on the work surface where they are preferably located, preferably in the same direction in which the filling carriages are moved, only on a different level.

[0020] A worktop prepared with these blanks can then be placed in a heating oven or a heating chamber in the usual way to cure. In the case of a heating chamber, the temperature increase in the chamber preferably occurs solely due to the exothermic reaction of the concrete during curing.

[0021] It is preferred that the structuring of the surface of the concrete poured into the mold can be carried out independently of the filling machine's operation. The structuring element can be applied to the surface without regard to the filling machine's operating state.

[0022] In a further advantageous embodiment, the structuring element is a roller. Alternatively, the structuring element can also be a plate. A roller is preferably formed as a cylindrical body, but it can also be formed, for example, as a curved, open part, or further, for example, as a semicircular part (in cross-section).

[0023] The concrete poured into the mold can initially only be compacted by the injection device. However, it is preferred that vibration of the mold is also provided for vibration compaction of the concrete poured into the mold. Alternatively, vibration compaction can be performed first, or only with respect to the coarse concrete, and then, if necessary, compaction by injection and / or further vibration compaction of the textured and colored blank. This vibration compaction of the colored blank can also, in addition to or as an alternative to the described leveling by means of the injection device, lead to the creation of color effects in the color layer, which is also altered, interrupted, or cracked as a result.

[0024] With regard to the paint nozzles, it is further preferred that they be adjustable, either as an alternative or in addition to adjusting the paint jet with respect to a spray angle relative to the surface of the concrete poured into the mold. This allows for the achievement of special effects. The adjustment of the spray angle can also be carried out during the application of paint to the surface itself. Paint nozzles can also be provided at a distance from one another to dispense paint jets that are essentially directed in opposite directions. They can be positioned laterally away from the mold, either in one direction of travel of the filling carriages or perpendicular to it.

[0025] It is further preferred that the color nozzle(s) are attached to a handling robot. The color application can thus be carried out automatically during a manufacturing process. The handling robot can have one or more arms to which the color nozzle(s) are attached. The handling robot can be arranged above and, if necessary, laterally to the compression device, preferably in the starting position of the compression device, as described. However, the handling robot can also be arranged laterally, as already described with regard to the roller. For example, two handling robots can also be arranged opposite each other to the mold with respect to the direction of travel of a filling carriage. The handling robot(s) can also be arranged on a separate frame, which can be moved independently towards and away from the manufacturing mold.Therefore, when filling the mold with concrete and / or when grouting and, if necessary, vibrating the concrete, the handling robot can be as far away from the mold as possible, but before grouting and after filling the concrete, when the grouting device is in its starting position, it can be relatively close (sideways) to the mold.

[0026] The paint can be pumped from a storage container into the paint nozzles and applied using pneumatic pressure, especially air pressure.

[0027] Regarding the method, it is also preferred, as an alternative or combination to the features already described, that the paint nozzles for spraying the paint are arranged laterally to the mold and / or the injection device such that they are located outside the overlap area of ​​the mold and the injection device. The overlap area is preferably defined by an area of ​​intersection between the injection device and the mold, viewed in the vertical direction. However, it can also be defined by the total set of the plan views of the mold and the injection device in the vertical direction.

[0028] Regarding the method, it is further preferred, alternatively or additionally, that a structuring element of the structuring device is brought to act on the surface independently of any movement of the filling carriage. Brief description of the drawings

[0029] The disclosure is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawing, which, however, only represents exemplary embodiments. Here, the following is shown: Fig. 1 a schematic perspective view of a plant for the production of concrete blocks; Fig. 2 a representation partially according to Fig. 1 , during the process of spraying paint onto concrete in the mold; Fig. 3 a cross-section through the view according to Fig. 2 , cut along line III-III; Fig. 4 a schematic top view of the mold with an associated handling robot; Fig. 5 a schematic side view of Fig. 4 Fig. 6 a schematic top view of a roller interacting with the mold; Fig. 7 a detail view of the roller interacting with the filled mold; Fig. 8 a schematic side view of a roller interacting with the mold; Fig. 9 a view according to Fig. 8in an alternative motion device for the roller; Fig. 10 a schematic side view of a structuring element designed as a grid; Figs. 11-13 an exemplary sequence of the interaction of the grid element with the filled mold; Fig. 14 a view of a manufacturing mold approximately according to Figure 1 , with an alternative arrangement and traversing device with respect to a roller; Fig. 15 a representation according to Figure 14 , wherein an alternative arrangement regarding the color nozzles is shown; Fig. 16 a representation of the plant for production, preferably according to Figure 14, sectioned along line XVI-XVI, with a magnification; Fig. 17 a close-up view of a grouting plate of the grouting device; Fig. 18 a schematic view of an alternative plant for the production of concrete blocks, starting from a rotary table; Fig. 19 an exemplary representation of a produced, color-patterned concrete block; Fig. 20 a representation of a possible roller shape; Fig. 21 a representation of a traversing possibility over the filled and content-structured mold with a roller according to Figure 20 . Description of the embodiments

[0030] The presentation and description initially refers to Fig. 1 A plant 1 for the production of concrete blocks. Using color nozzles 2, see approximately Fig. 2 , concrete blocks with a colored pattern can be produced using plant 1.

[0031] Plant 1 further includes a production form 3. One or more filling wagons 4, 5 are provided, with which the production form 3 can be filled with concrete. In the example of Plant 1 shown, filling wagon 4 is filled via a silo 6 and filling wagon 5 via a silo 7.

[0032] It is particularly preferred that the filling carriage 4 is used to initially fill the production mold 3 with, for example, coarse concrete, and that a comparatively thin layer of exposed concrete is then applied using the filling carriage 5. The production mold 3 rests on a work platform 10. During the production process, once the (possibly final) grouting and, if applicable, vibration compaction have been carried out, the production mold 3 is raised vertically, and the resulting blanks remain on the work platform. These blanks are then transferred, for example, to a kiln via the work platform.

[0033] The system 1 further includes a grouting device 8. The concrete poured into the mold 3 is grouted using the grouting device 8. A first grouting, which compacts the concrete, can be carried out after the filling of the coarse concrete using the first filling car 4 (in the exemplary system 1 shown). The exposed concrete can then be filled using the second filling car 5.

[0034] Furthermore, a vibration device, not shown in detail, may be provided. In addition to or as an alternative to grouting, manufacturing method 3 can also be vibrated to compact the concrete.

[0035] With the aid of the color nozzles 2, a surface 9 of the poured concrete, in the preferred embodiment then of the exposed concrete, is colored; see also Fig. 6 , can be sprayed with paint.

[0036] The crimping device 8 can switch between a starting position, such as that found in Fig. 1 is shown, and is moved to a working position, which is not shown in detail, in which it presses onto the concrete filled into the manufacturing mold 3.

[0037] The starting position is vertically removed from the surface 9, while the grouting device 8 is in direct contact with the concrete and thus with the surface 9 in the working position.

[0038] Thus, in the initial position, a gap Z is created between a bottom side of the pressing device 8 and the surface 9.

[0039] In one possible configuration, the color nozzles 2 are arranged above the gap Z, as can be seen from… Fig. 2 This results in the following: To avoid unnecessarily exposing the injection device 8 to paint, deflector devices can be provided between the paint nozzles and the injection device 8.

[0040] As also from Fig. 2 As can be seen, the color nozzles 2 are also located laterally to the manufacturing form 3 and, in the exemplary embodiment, also laterally to the pressing device 8.

[0041] Before the paint is sprayed using the paint nozzles 2, the surface 9 is prepared, as in the Fig. 6-13 represented, structured by means of a structuring element.

[0042] It has been found that such structuring of the surface with subsequent application of color, whereby the surface 9 is then leveled again during pressing or compaction, leads to very interesting color effects in the concrete block produced in this way.

[0043] The structuring element can be, for example, a roller 12 or a grid 13.

[0044] Preferably, within the framework of the described system 1, the structuring element can be brought into action on the surface 9 separately, for example, by a movement of a filling carriage 4, 5. However, it is also possible that the roller 12 and / or a grid 13 is attached to a filling carriage 4, 5 and is moved over the surface 9 with the filling carriage 4, 5.

[0045] For this purpose, if the attachment to the filling trolley 4, 5 is provided, the filling trolley can preferably be "empty", then with preferably lowered structuring element, again over the production form 3 which is ultimately filled, preferably also with the exposed concrete.

[0046] The grid 13 can also be referred to as a plate component. It can have openings, as in a grid. However, it can also be a closed plate component, in which case its upper surface, which interacts with the surface 9, is structured in the manner of a matrix.

[0047] With regard to the paint nozzles 2, it is particularly preferred that they are adjustable with respect to an angle, specifically a spray angle α. The spray angle α can be determined in the side view approximately as shown. Fig. 2 The beam is assumed to have one boundary at its center and the other in relation to a vertical V.

[0048] Furthermore, the color nozzles 2 can be mounted on a handling robot 14, as shown schematically in Fig. 4 as shown, should be attached. This allows the paint nozzles 2 to be used not only as described in relation to Fig. 2The elements shown are not arranged and moved above the space Z, but in an alternative embodiment, they can also be moved within the space Z over the filled mold 3. This allows for the precise application of color, optionally with different colors, to specific areas. The handling robot 14 can be self-propelled. Alternatively or additionally, it can have handling arms, as shown. The handling arms can optionally be divided by extension joints. The handling arms can guide the structuring element, in particular the roller, over the mold filled as described to perform the structuring.

[0049] The filling of production form 3 is, as in Fig. 7 The model is shown to the extent that the surface 9 is located at a distance a above an end face 15 of the manufacturing form 3. The manufacturing form 3, as shown, for example, in the following diagram: Fig. 1 This is evident from the vertically extending, double-sided open passageways, which are subdivided into individual mold compartments 19 (Figure 1) by a grating extending over the height of the manufacturing mold 3. The end face 15 is a top surface of the grating thus formed.

[0050] The distance a is preferably relatively small. It can range between 1 mm and 3 mm, for example 1.5 mm.

[0051] This quasi-overfilling of the manufacturing mold 3 also advantageously allows for an unaffected process of the structuring element, particularly in the form of the roller 12, across the surface 9. In the case of a plate component, or optionally a grid, the described overfilling is not necessarily required. However, it can also be advantageous in this context. On the other hand, such a plate component or optionally a grid can have structuring features that are adapted to an opening in the manufacturing mold. These features can optionally be inserted into a mold cavity 19.

[0052] Especially from Fig. 7 For example, the structuring 11 of the roller 12 is visible. The height or depth of the structuring is preferably adapted to dimension a. Preferably, the height / depth of the structuring 11 should not exceed dimension a.

[0053] As especially in the Figs. 10 to 13As shown, even if the structuring element is a plate component, such as a grating, it can be moved by a handling robot to act on the surface 9 of the filled mold 3. Here, too, robot arms can be provided which, optionally divided by extension joints, can be moved across the surface 9 to position the structuring element, lowered, pressed in, and then raised and moved back. Alternatively, only the handling robot itself can be movable.

[0054] As is essentially evident from the preceding description, the process proceeds as follows: the mold 3 is filled using one or more filling trolleys 4, 5; the surface 9 of the concrete filled into the mold 3 is then structured using a structuring device; and color is sprayed onto the structured surface 9 using one or more color nozzles. The concrete filled into the mold 3 is then compacted by pressing the concrete in, and a dedicated injection device 8 is moved between its initial position, which is vertically oriented away from the surface 9, and its working position, in which it is positioned to apply the injection pressure to the concrete in the mold 3. The color is applied to the surface 9 using the color nozzles 2 after structuring but before injection.The paint nozzles 2 for spraying the paint are preferably arranged vertically above the manufacturing form 3 to such an extent that a lowest area of ​​the pressing device 8 is located below the paint nozzles 2 in the starting position.

[0055] Alternatively or additionally, the procedure may also provide that the paint nozzles 2 for spraying the paint are arranged so far laterally to the manufacturing form 3 and / or the injection device 8 that they are located outside an overlap area of ​​the manufacturing form 3 and the injection device 8.

[0056] Alternatively or additionally, the procedure may also provide that a structuring element of the structuring device is brought to act on the surface 9 independently of any movement of one of the filling trolleys 4, 5.

[0057] With reference to Figure 14 An alternative arrangement of roller 12 on system 1 is shown. Figure 14 The manufacturing method 3 is shown in the transport direction, i.e., viewed approximately in the direction of arrows XIV-XIV in Figure 1 .

[0058] In this case, a traversing linkage 16 is provided in the frame, which also holds the pressing device 8, which allows both a movement of the roller 12 in the direction of arrows P1 in Figure 14 as well as a procedure in the direction of arrows P2, i.e. vertically.

[0059] The method in the direction of arrows P1, preferably horizontally alone, preferably corresponds to a method transverse to a transport direction of the manufacturing form 3.

[0060] Alternatively, which is not shown, the connecting rod 16 can also be designed and arranged in such a way that a process according to arrows P1 in the transport direction of the manufacturing form 3 is enabled.

[0061] The crimping device 8 can be moved between its initial position, which is in a lifting means 17 (only indicated here), by means of a lifting means 17. Figure 14 as shown, and moved into the working position. The connecting rod 16 is preferably as shown, as is also essentially evident from Figure 16 As can be seen, they are arranged vertically outside the pressing device 8. Here too, they can preferably be located at the end of the Figure 14 The carriage's connecting rods, shown schematically, may include lifting devices (not shown in detail) for raising and lowering the roller 12. In the vertical movement of the roller 12 made possible by this arrangement, the roller preferably moves outside the footprint of the pressing device 8.

[0062] Such a carriage 16 can, as in Figure 15 The carriage 16 is also designed to move the paint nozzles 2. Alternatively, both paint nozzles 2 and one or more rollers 12 can be attached to the carriage 16.

[0063] The paint nozzles 2 are also movable out of a vertical plan of the preferably only vertically movable injection device 8. In a vertical plan, they can only be located outside the plan of the injection device 8, so that during a paint application as in Figure 15 As shown, spray from the side outside into the vertical space between the manufacturing mold 3 and the pressing device 8.

[0064] With reference to Figure 16 It is particularly clear that the roller 12 can also be displaced in the direction of its longitudinal axis L, preferably by means of the described traversing linkage 16.

[0065] Procedurally, this can be used to ensure that, in the case of a first filled mold, the structuring with the roller is carried out approximately in the topmost position of the magnified view. Figure 16The next step involves structuring another filled form with roller 12 in the middle position, and a third form accordingly in the lowest position. Of course, almost any intermediate position is also possible.

[0066] This allows for an interesting shift in the pattern repeat with regard to the structuring. A repeat refers to the matrix-like structuring on roller 12, which naturally repeats itself as a surface structuring at least once after one roller revolution.

[0067] In principle, it is also possible during a process of structuring the roller 12 via the production form 3 which is filled in this respect, to carry out the displacement in the direction of the longitudinal axis L.

[0068] With reference to Figure 17To illustrate how the pressing device is preferably designed, a single pressing part 18 is shown. The pressing device 8 preferably has a plurality of such pressing parts 18, corresponding to the number of mold cavities 19, compare approximately Figure 1 .

[0069] It is evidently a plate component, with in particular a flat, smooth surface on the underside, with which the injection or compaction of the concrete is carried out in each of the mold spaces 19.

[0070] With reference to Figure 18An alternative production plant is shown. Here, the concrete blocks are produced on a rotary table 20, also in principle using a production mold 3 as explained above. In a first position of the production mold 3 on the rotary table 20, which is shown on the left in Figure 18, coarse concrete is filled into the production mold 3 by means of a filling device 21 in the manner already described. The rotary table 20 is then rotated about an axis of rotation A, after which the mold 3 is in the Figure 18 is in the upper position. Using a second filling device 22, fine or exposed concrete is filled into the form 3 in the manner already described.

[0071] If necessary, the poured concrete can also be (intermediately) compacted after it has been poured. This can also be done using a grouting device (not shown here). Alternatively or additionally, it can also be done by vibration compaction, for example by appropriately shaking or vibrating the rotary table 20.

[0072] After the fine concrete has been poured in, the rotary table 20 rotates again, after which the mold 3 is moved to a structuring device, which for simplicity is represented here as a roller 12. The roller 12 can then be moved over the filled mold 3 in the manner already described. The structured surface can then be colored using a color nozzle 2, which is also only shown schematically here, in the manner described. The described overfilling of the mold 3 is also preferably used for production using such a rotary table.

[0073] The structuring device can also be designed in the form of a described plate section, a half-roller, or similar. The other movement options for the structuring device that have been described can also be implemented.

[0074] Then, preferably, although vibration compaction alone would not necessarily require further rotation, the manufacturing form 3 with the structured and colored surface is rotated into the position in Figure 18 bottom. In this position, further compaction then takes place, for example by the vibration compaction already described and / or by compaction using a pressing device, which is not shown in detail here.

[0075] A concrete block 23 produced according to one of the methods and in one of the described plants is in Figure 19 Presented in principle and schematically in perspective.

[0076] The concrete block 23 has a height H, a length l, and a width b.

[0077] Preferably, as shown, the concrete block 23 is elongated, rectangular, or cubic in shape. The length l thus preferably exceeds the width b by a factor of 1.1 or several times, up to, for example, a factor of five or more. However, such concrete blocks 23 can also be square or cube-shaped with edges of equal length.

[0078] With regard to the height H, a partial height H1 is formed by the coarse concrete and a partial height H2 by the exposed concrete. Within partial height H2, an upper layer with a thickness s is the colored layer. The thickness s is less than the height H2 and preferably corresponds to only a fraction of the height H2, approximately one-third or less, down to one-tenth or less.

[0079] A real dimension of the layer thickness s can be, for example, 0.5 to 2 mm.

[0080] As can be seen, a decor D is achieved on the surface O of the concrete block 23 through the described procedure regarding structuring, color spraying and leveling.

[0081] Regarding such a concrete block 23, deviations not shown in detail here are also possible. For example, it can also taper conically on its underside, preferably in the area of ​​height H1. Alternatively or additionally, it can also have a curved or corrugated side edge and edge with respect to width b. Furthermore, it can also, preferably, in any case or even only, have one or more (not shown) spacers above or in the area of ​​height H1 in order to achieve or define – in particular, uniform – laying joints. For a possible embodiment of such spacers, reference is made, for example, to EP 3 231 784 B1, whereby the layered tile shown there, in the context of the present description, does not have a top tile but rather an upper partial height formed by the exposed concrete.

[0082] With reference to Figure 20A roller 12 is shown, which is conically shaped. With respect to the longitudinal axis L, the roller 12 tapers in the direction of the longitudinal axis. The roller 12 according to Figure 20 Like the rollers described above, it has a three-dimensional structuring St, in the sense of a matrix, on its circumferential surface in order to achieve the desired structuring of the surface O of the concrete inserted into the manufacturing form 3 in the manner described.

[0083] As from Figure 21 As can be seen, this roller 12 can be used according to Figure 20 The material is moved in a circular arc over a manufacturing form 3, which is filled in the manner described, to create the structure. This also allows for advantageous decorative effects in terms of color.

[0084] Additionally or alternatively, the roller 12 of the described embodiments can also be Figure 20, during the movement over the production form 3 in the direction of its longitudinal axis, or alternatively, with regard to subsequent movements over - repeatedly - filled production forms 3, they are moved over the production form 3 in different displacement directions with respect to the longitudinal axis L. It is further preferred that the roller 12 according to Figure 20 - also - has a length which exceeds the width of the manufacturing form, so that in each of the advantageously chosen positions with respect to its longitudinal axis L in relation to the manufacturing form 3 it can completely cover it, even if it is a movement on a circular arc according to Figure 21 it. List of reference symbols

[0085] 1 Attachment V vertical 2 Paint nozzle Z space 3 Manufacturing method L Longitudinal axis 4 Filling trolley A axis of rotation 5 Filling trolley H Height 6 silo l length 7 silo b Width 8 Grouting device H1 Partial height 9 surface H2 Partial height 10 worktop s Layer thickness 11 structuring D decor 12 roller St structuring 13 Grid 14 Handling robots α Beam angle 15 Front surface 16 Traveling linkage 17 Lifting device 18 Pressing part 19 Form space 20 turntable 21 Filling device 22 Filling device 23 concrete block a Distance

Claims

1. Plant for the production of concrete blocks with a colored pattern, comprising a production mold, one or more filling trolleys for filling the production mold, a grouting device, a structuring device for structuring a surface of concrete filled into the production mold, and one or more color nozzles with which color can be sprayed onto the surface, wherein the grouting device is movable between a starting position that is vertically removed from the surface and a working position in which it acts to inject into the concrete in the production mold. characterized by that The paint nozzles are arranged vertically above the manufacturing mold to such an extent that the lowest part of the pressing device is located below the paint nozzles in the starting position.

2. Plant according to the features of the preamble of claim 1 or according to claim 1, characterized by thatthe color nozzles are arranged laterally to the manufacturing mold and / or the pressing device.

3. System according to the features of the preamble of claim 1 or according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that The structuring device has a structuring element that can be brought into action on the surface independently of any movement of the filling carriage.

4. System according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that The structuring element is a roller.

5. System according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that The structuring element is a plate part.

6. System according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that The roller can be moved transversely to the direction of travel of the filling carriage to act on the surface.

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that A vibration device is provided for the vibration compaction of the concrete.

8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatThe paint nozzles are adjustable with respect to a spray angle relative to the surface.

9. Plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the paint nozzles are attached to a handling robot.

10. Method for producing concrete blocks with a colored pattern in a manufacturing mold, wherein the manufacturing mold is filled by means of one or more filling trolleys, then a surface of the concrete filled into the manufacturing mold is structured by means of a structuring device and color is sprayed onto the structured surface by means of one or more color nozzles, wherein the concrete fed into the mold is further compacted, wherein a compaction device provided for this purpose is moved between a starting position, which is vertically removed from the surface, and a working position in which it acts to compact the concrete in the manufacturing mold, wherein the color is further applied to the surface by means of the color nozzles after structuring but before compaction, preferably using a system according to one of claims 1 to 9. characterized by thatThe paint nozzles for spraying the paint are arranged vertically above the manufacturing mold to such an extent that the lowest area of ​​the pressing device is located below the paint nozzles in the starting position.

11. Method according to the features of the preamble of claim 10 or according to claim 10, characterized by that The paint nozzles for spraying the paint are arranged so far to the side of the manufacturing mold and / or the pressing device that they are located outside an overlap area of ​​the manufacturing mold and the pressing device.

12. Method according to the features of the preamble of claim 10 or according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized by that A structuring element of the structuring device is brought to act on the surface independently of any movement of the filling carriage.

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