Device for applying mortar to a row of bricks

Abstract

A device (1) for applying mortar to a series of bricks (2) has a storage container (3) and a mortar application device (4) which has a dispensing opening (5) and which is designed so that the mortar can be applied to the bricks (2) via the dispensing opening (5) in different widths.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device for applying mortar, in particular thin-bed mortar, to a series of bricks, comprising a storage container and a mortar application device.

[0002] A method and a device for producing masonry with a mortar application device movable along a series of masonry units is known from DE 198 13 583 A1.

[0003] The present invention is based on the objective of creating a device for applying mortar to a series of bricks, in which the mortar layer to be applied can be adjusted relatively quickly and easily to different widths of bricks.

[0004] According to the invention, this problem is solved by the features mentioned in claim 1.

[0005] According to the invention, the mortar application device, which has a dispensing opening for discharging the mortar, is designed such that the mortar can be applied to the masonry units in different widths via the dispensing opening. This allows for very simple adjustment of the dispensed mortar to the respective masonry units, enabling the construction of masonry walls with varying thicknesses in a smooth production process with no or very little downtime.

[0006] By means of an automated process using the storage container, mortar, in particular thin-bed mortar, can be applied layer by layer to a row or layer of bricks, especially up to a height of approximately 3.50 m.

[0007] In a highly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the mortar application device may include an application roller arranged in the area of ​​the dispensing opening for applying the mortar to the masonry units and a mixing shaft arranged above the application roller. The application roller is interchangeable within the mortar application device, and application rollers of different lengths can be inserted into the mortar application device to accommodate different masonry unit widths. Due to the separate arrangement of the application roller and its flexible interchangeability, the mortar application device can be adjusted relatively quickly and easily to different wall widths by simply replacing the roller.For this purpose, application rollers of different lengths can be used, each only as long as the mortar layer to be applied, with the remaining, outer area remaining sealed. This provides a very simple way to adjust the amount of mortar dispensed to the size, especially the width, of the bricks required to construct a specific wall. A further advantage of the interchangeable application rollers is that replacing them allows for easy cleaning of the mortar application system.

[0008] In one embodiment, the application roller can be mounted in the mortar application device via a swiveling or tilting mechanism. This allows for very quick and easy replacement of the application roller, especially if it is connected to the mortar application device by means of a quick-release fastener.

[0009] If the application roller and / or the mixing shaft can be driven by at least one drive motor, the mortar can be transported very easily from the storage container to the dispensing opening. The drive of the application roller and / or the mixing shaft can be effected via one or more gears connected to the drive motor. The drive motor preferably drives both the application roller and the mixing shaft, with coupling via the at least one gear being possible. The mixing shaft, arranged above or next to the application roller, can serve not only to transport mortar but also to clean the application roller. For cleaning, the mixing shaft can rest against the application roller, and these can rotate at different speeds, creating a scraping effect. The mortar application device can also be equipped with a grid attachment in the area of ​​the dispensing opening.The mesh facing allows mortar to be applied to the entire surface of the bricks, even in strips.

[0010] To prevent mortar from being dispensed into areas where there are no bricks when a smaller application roller is used, a cover may be provided in an area next to the application roller to cover the dispensing opening.

[0011] A further embodiment of the invention can consist of an insertable element that covers the dispensing opening of the mortar application device when replacing the application roller. This ensures that no mortar can escape from the dispensing opening, even when replacing the application roller. This prevents contamination of the wall being constructed and of the device itself.

[0012] In a further highly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the mortar application device can be provided with an adjusting element for setting the applied width of the mortar. The adjusting element can, for example, be in the form of one or more sealing plates. Depending on the size of the wall to be constructed, one or more sealing plates can then be removed or added, optionally via a program, to dispense more or less mortar, so that it can be applied to the individual hole patterns of the bricks as required. In this embodiment, an application roller can be omitted. However, it is also possible to combine both solutions, i.e., to provide both the adjusting element and the application roller.

[0013] In order to dispense the desired amount of mortar for the respective application, the mortar application device may also be provided with an adjustment device for setting the amount of mortar applied to the masonry units.

[0014] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a weighing device can be provided to determine the mass of the storage container. This makes it possible to determine whether and how much mortar is applied per course of masonry. The storage container can thus be filled according to prior calculations and with regard to the remaining required quantities of mortar, ensuring that there is always sufficient mortar available, but no excess that would subsequently have to be disposed of. Besides advantages in the production process, this also has a positive impact on material consumption according to demand.

[0015] Furthermore, at least one water spray nozzle can be attached to the reservoir. This allows water to be sprayed onto the uppermost layer of masonry in a manually or programmatically adjustable quantity. Depending on the mortar application, this can be done before, after, and / or during the mortar application process.

[0016] Advantageous further developments and configurations result from the remaining subclaims and from the exemplary embodiment described below in principle with reference to the drawing.

[0017] It shows: Fig. 1 a device according to the invention for applying mortar; Fig. 2 a side view of the device made of Fig. 1 Fig. 3 a perspective view of a further development of the device according to the invention; Fig. 4 a side view of the device made of Fig. 3Fig. 5 shows an additional part for use with the device according to the invention; Fig. 6 shows an alternative additional part for use with the device according to the invention; Fig. 7 shows a further representation of the device according to the invention; Fig. 8 shows a further representation of the device according to the invention; Fig. 9 shows a further representation of the device according to the invention; Fig. 10 shows a further representation of the device according to the invention; Fig. 11 shows a further representation of the device according to the invention; and Fig. 12 shows a further representation of the device according to the invention.

[0018] Fig. 1Figure 1 shows a device 1 for applying mortar to a series of very schematically depicted bricks 2. The device 1 has a storage container 3, which can also be called a mortar tub, and a mortar application device 4 arranged on the underside of the storage container 3. The mortar application device 4 in turn has a dispensing opening 5 through which the mortar, in particular thin-bed mortar, is dispensed. As explained in detail below, the dispensing opening 5 is designed such that the mortar can be applied to the bricks 2 in different widths via the dispensing opening 5. The dispensing opening 5 is wider than any possible course of bricks that can be processed with the device 1.

[0019] The mortar application device 4 is attached to a guide device 6 of the device 1 (not shown in detail), in particular a guide rail, in such a way as to be adjustable and movable, making it movable over the length of a row of masonry units 2 to be produced and also adjustable in height.

[0020] In the Fig. 1In the illustrated embodiment, the mortar application device 4 of the device 1 has an application roller 7 arranged in the area of ​​the dispensing opening 5 for applying the mortar to the masonry units 2 and a mixing shaft 8 arranged above the application roller 7. In this case, the mixing shaft 8 is spiral-shaped across the width of the masonry units 2 and is arranged above the application roller 7. The distance and relationship of the mixing shaft 8 to the application roller 7 are selected such that the application roller 7 is cleaned by the mixing shaft 8 as it rotates. The mixing shaft 8 can have a gradient such that the mortar is fed more readily to one side of the mortar application device 4.

[0021] The application roller 7 is interchangeably arranged in the mortar application device 4. To accommodate different widths of masonry units 2, application rollers 7 of different lengths can be inserted into the mortar application device 4, so that the mortar can be applied to the masonry units 2 in different widths via the dispensing opening 5.

[0022] The application roller can be dispensed with if the mortar application device 4 is provided with an adjusting element (not shown in the figures) for adjusting the applied width of the mortar.

[0023] The coating roller 7 and / or the mixing shaft 8, in the present case both the coating roller 7 and the mixing shaft 8, are connected by means of at least one in Fig. 2The application roller 7 can be driven by the drive motor 9 shown. Gears 10, which are connected to the drive motor 9 and connect the application roller 7 to the mixing shaft 8, cause both the mixing shaft 8 and the application roller 7 to rotate. In this case, the gears 10 cause the application roller 7 to rotate in the opposite direction to the mixing shaft 8. A gear-independent drive, i.e., a separate drive for the mixing shaft 8 and the application roller 7, is also possible.

[0024] In this case, a frequency-controlled electric motor is used as the drive motor 9, the speed of which is infinitely variable, so that the rotational speeds of the mixing shaft 8 and the application roller 7 can also be infinitely variable. The drive motor 9 can also be activated independently of the feed by the guide device 6, thus allowing individual control of the mortar application. In this way, for example, gaps for windows and doors can be created by interrupting the drive motor 9 to the application roller 7 during a continuous feed of the mortar application device 4 by the guide device 5, while still ensuring continuous movement of the hopper 3.

[0025] The application roller 7 is connected via a roller that is also in Fig. 2The illustrated pivoting or tilting device 11 is mounted in the mortar application device 4. In the illustrated embodiment, the pivoting or tilting device 11 has a pivot pin 11a and a quick-release fastener 11b on the opposite side, so that the application roller 7 can be attached to and locked onto the mortar application device 4 or removed from it very quickly, in particular by hooking it onto the device. The pivoting device 11 allows for the easy and simple use of different application rollers 7 of the appropriate length to adapt to the respective width of the masonry units 2.

[0026] As in Fig. 4As can be seen, the mortar application device 4 is further equipped with a scraper element 13, for example a scraper plate, which in this case is variably adjustable via screws 12 arranged in elongated holes, for adjusting or regulating the thickness of the mortar layer directly at the dispensing opening 5. Between the application roller 7 and the scraper element 13 is the dispensing opening 5 for the mortar, through which the mortar can be applied over the entire surface of the masonry units 2. The width of the mortar application corresponds essentially to the width of the masonry units 2. Below the scraper element 13 is another plate, which, depending on the type of masonry units 2 used, is toothed and designated as plate 14a ( Fig. 5 ) or without teeth as sheet 14b ( Fig. 6) can be designed and enables the application of mortar in rows or across the entire surface. The outer area of ​​the application roller 7 is protected against interference by a cover 15 arranged in an area next to the application roller 7, which partially covers the dispensing opening 5. The cover 15 is in the Figures 3 and 4 recognizable.

[0027] If mortar is to be applied to masonry units 2 that have a closed top surface, such as calcium silicate bricks, the application roller 7 can also be fitted with a mesh attachment (not shown) through which the mortar is applied to the masonry units 2 in strips. This results in an application process similar to that using a notched trowel. Different notch sizes allow for the application of different strips of mortar. In addition to applying the mortar in strips or over the entire surface, it is also possible to leave holes open and apply the mortar only to the webs of the bricks by means of program-controlled opening and closing of, if necessary, only partial areas of the dispensing opening 5.

[0028] When an application roller 7 needs to be replaced, an insertion element 16a can be inserted into the mortar application device 4 to cover the dispensing opening 5 and prevent mortar from leaking out of the hopper 3. The insertion element 16a is preferably designed as an insertion plate and can be inserted manually or electrically. Even when the hopper 3 is being replaced, the insertion element 16a serves as a locking mechanism and is inserted above the gears 10 or over the rear of the hopper 3 across its entire width. During operation, a shortened insertion element 16b, also designed as an insertion plate, is used to allow for easy mortar application. Therefore, two different insertion elements 16a and 16b with different lengths are provided for two different operating conditions.After replacing the application roller 7, the insertion element 16a is removed and replaced by the insertion element 16b, after which production can continue. The insertion elements 16a and 16b are in . Fig. 8 in the unassembled and in the Figures 9 and 10 Shown in the assembled state.

[0029] The storage container 3 is equipped with at least one, and in this case several, water spray nozzles 17, which are capable of spraying water onto the uppermost layer of masonry in a manually or programmatically adjustable quantity, either before, after, and / or during the application of mortar. This makes it possible to apply dry mortar layer by layer automatically from the storage container 3. For this purpose, the uppermost layer of masonry units 2 is sprayed with water from the water spray nozzles 17 before and / or after the application of the dry mortar to guarantee a bond between the masonry units 2 within the required specifications. If the water is sprayed before the application of the dry mortar, the masonry units 2 receive the necessary contact moisture. Spraying water after the application of the dry mortar moistens the upper layer of the dry mortar, thus eliminating the need for mixing.

[0030] As an alternative to applying dry mortar and spraying with water, it is also possible to add water directly to the dry mortar at the mortar application device 4, for example, by using a nozzle to mix the dry mortar and water. This makes it possible to achieve 3D printing with wetting of the stone webs, especially only the stone webs, even with complex geometries, and to minimize material consumption.

[0031] Furthermore, a control valve 18, preferably program-controlled, for regulating the output of water from the water spray nozzles 17, and preferably including a temperature sensor, can be provided. This valve can be used to adapt the amount of water supplied to the mortar to the local ambient conditions, such as the temperature, and to monitor the application of mortar to the row of bricks 2. This control valve, integrated into the device 1 and preferably equipped with a temperature sensor, sensor-controlled flow and power regulation, and power and energy monitoring functions, ensures consistent material properties year-round without production downtime.

[0032] By means of a device 1 integrated, in particular attached to the guide device 6 and in the Figure 11 and 12The mass of the storage container 3 can be determined using the weighing device 19 shown. In this case, the storage container 3 rests on or is suspended from the weighing device 19 during operation, allowing its mass to be continuously recorded. The amount of mortar applied can be monitored by the program based on the mass difference. A comparison of the target and actual material quantities determines whether and how much material is being applied per course or section of a wall. Based on the program calculations and the remaining material requirements, the material requirements can be calculated, and the storage container 3 can be refilled as needed. This ensures that sufficient material is always available without creating an excess that would require subsequent disposal.Besides advantages in the production process, this also has positive effects on demand-oriented material consumption and therefore sustainably influences the overall process.

Claims

1. Device (1) for applying mortar to a series of bricks (2), comprising a storage container (3) and a mortar application device (4) which has a dispensing opening (5) and which is designed so that the mortar can be applied to the bricks (2) via the dispensing opening (5) in different widths.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that The mortar application device (4) has an application roller (6) arranged in the area of ​​the dispensing opening (5) for applying the mortar to the masonry units (2) and a mixing shaft (7) arranged above the application roller (6), wherein the application roller (6) is interchangeably arranged in the mortar application device (4), and wherein application rollers (6) of different lengths can be inserted into the mortar application device (4) to adjust for different widths of masonry units (2).

3. Device according to claim 2, characterized by the fact thatthe application roller (6) is mounted in the mortar application device (4) via a swiveling or tilting device.

4. Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by the fact that the application roller (6) and / or the mixing shaft (7) can be driven by means of at least one drive motor (9).

5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by the fact that in an area next to the application roller (6) a cover (14) is arranged to cover the output opening (5).

6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by the fact that For the purpose of replacing the application roller (6), an insert element (15) for covering the dispensing opening (5) can be inserted into the mortar application device (4).

7. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the mortar application device (4) is provided with an adjusting element for adjusting the applied width of the mortar.

8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact thatthe mortar application device (4) has an adjustment device for adjusting the amount of mortar applied to the masonry units (2).

9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by a weighing device (19) for determining the mass of the storage container (3).

10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that at least one water spray nozzle (17) is arranged on the storage container (3).

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