Free-flow electrophoresis microcell device and uses thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a free-flow electrophoresis microcell device comprising a succession of electrophoresis plates X, sealing plates Y and cooling plates Z containing a heat-transfer system, the plates being stacked in a stage that comprises electrophoresis chambers, each electrophoresis chamber comprising a recessed portion with a height h, corresponding to the thickness of the electrophoresis plate X, of 25 μm to 200 mm, from 4 to 9 successive aligned inlets and from 4 to 12 successive aligned outlets, so that the inlets and outlets face each other, and supply and recovery channels connected to each of the inlets and outlets.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION Free-flow electrophoresis microcell device and uses thereof The present invention relates to a free-flow electrophoresis microcell device and uses thereof. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and zone electrophoresis using a support are techniques for the analytical and / or preparative separation of molecules, in particular biomolecules, present in a mixture. However, the need for a stationary phase for chromatography used in industrial processes for separation and / or purification leads to significant costs, and the need for a support for zone electrophoresis limits its use on an industrial scale as a preparative method in terms of cost and quantity. There is therefore a need to develop an adaptable, robust device without the need for restrictive maintenance, operating in continuous flow, designed for easy and modular operation to implement,in order to enable purification and / or separation of the expected products at volumes and quantities on an industrial scale. One of the aims of the invention is to provide a device for purifying and / or separating molecules by free-flow electrophoresis which can operate in continuous flow and on an industrial scale. Another aim of the invention is a method for purifying and / or separating molecules, in particular biomolecules, which can be adapted to an industrial scale. Another aim of the invention is a method for setting up such a device on an industrial scale. A first subject of the present invention is a free-flow electrophoresis microcell device comprising a vertical succession of plates X, Y, Z whose surfaces are stacked according to the sequence YZY(XYZY)p, in which X represents an electrophoresis plate (1) made of inert material, Y represents a sealed plate (2) made of inert, electrically insulating and thermally conductive material,in sapphire or alumina Al2O3 with 99% α-Al2O3, Z represents a cooling plate (3) comprising a heat transfer system (4), p, an integer from 1 to 100, represents both the number of stages of said device and the number of plates X, each stage (5) being defined: - by the following sequence of plates YZYXYZY, in which: - plate X is located between two plates Y, - each of the two plates Z being respectively adjacent to a plate Y, - and each of the two plates Y located at the ends of the sequence YZYXYZY, respectively covers a plate Z so that each plate Z is located between two plates Y, said device further comprising means for clamping all the plates allowing the sealing of said device, said device being such that each plate X comprises: a number i of electrophoresis chamber(s) (Fi), i being an integer from 1 to 100, in particular 50, preferably 10,each electrophoresis chamber (6) comprising: o a hollowed-out part ^ in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with 4 lateral faces (a, b, c, d) and 2 upper and lower faces (e, f), ^ said hollowed-out part being of length Loe and width Lae, ^ of height h corresponding to the thickness of the electrophoresis plate X, from 25 µm to 20 mm, in particular from 50 µm to 200 µm or from 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm, ^ the lateral faces (a, b) being parallel to each other, the face (a) being delimited by two edges (A1, A2) of dimension Lae and the face (b) being delimited by two edges (B1, B2) of dimension Lae, ^ the lateral faces (c, d) being parallel to each other, the face (c) being delimited by two edges (C1, C2) of Loe dimension and the face (d) being delimited by two edges (D1, D2) of Loe dimension, we have successive entries E(1), E(2) to E(n-1), En, n being an integer from 4 to 9, preferably 5 or 6,distributed on the face (a) between A1 and A2 and aligned in a direction parallel to A1 and A2, om successive outlets of S(1), S(2) to S(m-1), S(m), m being an integer from 4 to 12, preferably 5 or 7, distributed on the face (b) between B1 and B2 and aligned in a direction parallel to B1 and B2, so that S(1) faces E(1) and S(m) faces E(n) in a direction parallel to C1 and D1, said plates Y ensuring the sealing of the electrophoresis chamber, said chambers (Fi) being arranged so that the edges C1 of each hollowed-out part are parallel to each other, said device comprising: - supply channels configured to connect the inlets E(1) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for supplying a liquid cathode, - channels supply configured to connect the inputs E(n) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for supplying a liquid anode,- supply channels configured to connect at least one of the inlets E(2) to E(n- 1) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for supplying an initial solution containing a product to be purified and / or separated, - supply channels configured to connect the other remaining inlets of each electrophoresis chamber to micro / millifluidic circuits for supplying at least one buffer solution, - recovery channels configured to connect each of the outlets S(1) to S(m) of each electrophoresis chamber to micro / millifluidic recovery circuits, said device being configured to, in the presence of an electric field generated between the liquid cathode and the liquid anode parallel to A1 and perpendicular to C1, and in operation - circulate the liquid cathode from the inlet E(1) to the outlet S(1), - circulate the liquid anode from the inlet E(n) to the outlet S(m),- circulating in the electrophoresis chamber (Fi), between the liquid cathode and the liquid anode, from the inlets E(2) to E(n-1) to the outlets S(2) to S(m-1), the solution containing the product to be separated and / or purified and at least one buffer solution, - recovering at one of the outlets S(2) to S(m-1) of each electrophoresis chamber in a recovery circuit the purified and / or separated product contained in said initial solution. The term "free-flow electrophoresis" means electrophoresis not using a stationary phase, i.e. without the use of a solid phase serving as a support for the migration of the species during electrophoresis. The term "plate" means a rigid element, generally in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, in which at least two faces are parallel to each other and the latter mainly represent the total area of ​​this element,namely the area of ​​said two parallel faces represents more than half of this total area. These two faces are called "surfaces" or "lower or upper surfaces" of the plate. The distance between these two surfaces of the plate defines the thickness of the plate. By "vertical succession of plates" is meant a stack of plates, in which the surfaces of the different plates are in contact. By "electrophoresis plate" is meant the plate, called X, containing the i electrophoresis chambers (Fi). The plate X is made of a material inert with respect to electrophoresis. By "electrophoresis chamber" is meant a part of the electrophoresis plate X comprising: - a part hollowed out in the electrophoresis plate X, delimited by side walls,and - the inlets and outlets located in the side walls of said recessed portion. The electrophoresis chamber is the part of the X plate in which the free-flow electrophoresis takes place. The "electrophoresis cell" is a constituent unit of the device. The electrophoresis cell comprises an electrophoresis chamber, the walls of the Y plates closing the electrophoresis chamber and the supply and recovery channels connected to the inlets and outlets of said electrophoresis chamber. The electrophoresis cell comprises the recessed portion closed by the side walls in the X plate and those of the Y plates, the inlets and outlets of the recessed portion and the supply and recovery channels. A device consisting of an electrophoresis cell is called an "electrophoresis chip". By "cooling plate" is meant the plate, called Z,containing a heat transfer system. The heat transfer system has the function of transporting a heat transfer fluid in order to allow temperature control. The heat transfer system is for example made up of a network of channels formed by recesses in the Z plate. By "sealed plate", called Y, we mean a plate whose purpose is to ensure the fluidic sealing of the device. In fact, each X plate is located between two Y plates, which ensure the sealing of the electrophoresis chambers of the X plate. Similarly, each Z plate is located between two Y plates, which ensure the sealing of the heat transfer system of the Z plate. The Y plate is made of inert material,electrical insulator and thermal conductor in order to ensure the chemical and electrical inertia of the device necessary for the free-flow electrophoresis process and to ensure the thermal conductivity between the heat transfer systems and the electrophoresis chambers to allow the temperature of the device to be controlled. The Y plate is made of sapphire or alumina Al2O3 containing 99% α-Al2O3. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the Y plates are made of sapphire. In another embodiment of the invention, the Y plates are made of alumina Al2O3 containing 99% α-Al2O3. By "sapphire" is meant a material consisting of corundum, i.e. an alumina Al2O3 comprising 99% by weight of the α-Al2O3 phase. Advantageously, the Y plate has a Mohs hardness of 9 (Coridon), a thermal conductivity of 30 W / m / K to 50 W / m / K. The Y plate has high mechanical resistance. As a non-limiting example,the sapphire Y plate is supplied by Saint-Gobain (Luxium Solutions). The sapphire plate has the advantage of being transparent. The device consists of a succession of stacked plates clamped by clamping means, in which the surfaces of adjacent plates are in direct contact. The adjacent plates are contiguous plates. Each plate in the device has a maximum of two adjacent plates, i.e. two neighboring plates, arranged on either side of said plate. A stage of this device consists of a succession of plates stacked according to the following sequence of plates YZYXYZY. The number of plates X defines the number of stages of the device. Each stage comprises an X plate surrounded by two cooling Z plates,each of the X and Z plates being adjacent to two Y plates in order to ensure the sealing of the heat transfer systems of the Z plates and the i electrophoresis chambers of the X plate and the thermal conductivity between the X plate and the cooling plates. The X and Z plates are separated by a Y plate so that the fluid of the heat transfer system of the Z plates and the fluids circulating in the electrophoresis chamber of the X plate are separated and do not communicate fluidically, the exchanges taking place being solely of a thermal nature. In a device consisting of several stages, the YZY sequence plates located between two X plates are common to two successive stages. In a two-stage device of sequence YZYXYZYXYZY, the central YZY sequence is common to both stages. In a three-stage device of sequence YZYXYZYXYZYXYZY, the two central YZY sequences are common to two successive stages,respectively on the first and second stage and on the second and third stage. The device advantageously comprises from 1 to 100 electrophoresis chambers per electrophoresis plate distributed in the stages. In the plate X of each stage, the chambers are advantageously organized in rows. The range of "1 to 100" includes the whole numbers in the following ranges: from 1 to 10; from 10 to 20; from 20 to 30; from 30 to 40; from 40 to 50; from 50 to 60; from 60 to 70; from 70 to 80; from 80 to 90; from 90 to 100, in particular the following numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 and 100. The electrophoresis chamber in which the free-flow electrophoresis takes place comprises a hollowed-out part of an X-plate, closed by the side walls in the X-plate,said hollowed-out part being in the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. By "in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped" is meant that this hollowed-out part is generally inscribed in a rectangular parallelepiped of length Loe, width Lae and height h corresponding to the thickness of the plate X (figure 2). No account is taken in defining the general shape of the hollowed-out part of any means possibly present in the electrophoresis chamber such as the channeling means present at the inlets and outlets and the protuberances. The rectangular parallelepiped comprises four lateral faces (a, b, c, d) and two faces (e, f), respectively lower and upper (figure 2). The lateral faces (a, b) are parallel to each other and of the same dimensions. The face (a) is delimited by two edges (A1, A2) of dimension Lae, spaced h apart. Face (b) is delimited by two edges (B1, B2) of dimension Lae, spaced h apart. The lateral faces (c,d) are parallel to each other and of the same dimensions. Face (c) is delimited by two edges (C1, C2) of dimension Loe, spaced by h. Face (d) is delimited by two edges (D1, D2) of dimension Loe, spaced by h. The upper (e) and lower (f) faces are parallel to each other and of the same dimensions. They constitute the surfaces framing the hollowed-out part, dug out in plate X. Face (e) is delimited by the edges (A1, B1, C1, D1) forming a rectangle of width Lae and length Loe. Face (f) is delimited by the edges (A2, B2, C2, D2) forming a rectangle of width Lae and length Loe. The height h corresponds to the thickness of plate X,and at the height of the electrophoresis chamber and the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber. The height h is 100 µm to 20 mm. The range of 25 µm to 20 mm includes the following ranges: 25 to 50 µm; 50 to 75 µm; 75 to 100 µm; 100 to 200 µm; 200 to 300 µm; 300 to 400 µm; 400 to 500 µm; 500 to 600 µm; 600 to 700 µm; 700 to 800 µm; 800 to 900 µm; from 900 µm to 1.0 mm; from 1.0 to 2.0 mm; from 2.0 to 3.0 mm; from 3.0 to 4.0 mm; from 4.0 to 5.0 mm; from 5.0 to 6.0 mm; from 6.0 to 7.0 mm; from 7.0 to 8.0 mm; from 8.0 to 9.0 mm; from 9.0 to 10.0 mm; from 10.0 to 11.0 mm; from 11.0 to 12.0 mm; from 12.0 to 13.0 mm; from 13.0 to 14.0 mm; from 14.0 to 15.0 mm; from 15.0 to 16.0 mm; from 16.0 to 17.0 mm; from 17.0 to 18.0 mm; from 18.0 to 19.0 mm; from 19.0 to 20.0 mm. Advantageously the height h is from 25 to 200 µm. Advantageously the height h is from 1.0 to 5.0 mm. By "inlet" is meant a passage allowing the circulation of the flow of a liquid fluid,from the outside to the inside of a system containing a closed hollow part, configured to contain said fluid, for example such as the electrophoresis chamber or the heat transfer system. By "outlet" is meant a passage allowing the circulation of the flow of a liquid fluid, from the inside to the outside of a system containing a closed hollow part, configured to contain said fluid, for example such as the electrophoresis chamber or the heat transfer system. On face (a), the n inlets in the hollow part of the electrophoresis chamber are distributed successively, respectively referenced E(1) to E(n), i.e. E(1), E(2) to E(n-1), E(n). The number of inputs n varies from 4 to 9, i.e. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, preferably 5 or 6. The inputs E(1) to E(n) are located between the edges A1 and A2 and aligned in a direction parallel to A1 and A2, advantageously at a substantially equal distance from each other. By "aligned" is meant that the inputs,respectively the outlets, are close to the same straight line. The inlets can therefore be positioned slightly in front or behind face (a) and / or slightly above or below each other. The positioning of the inlets is configured to introduce the different flows into the electrophoresis chamber so as to allow their circulation in the chamber parallel to the edge C1. On face (b), the m outlets are distributed successively, respectively referenced S(1) to S(m), i.e. S(1), S(2) to S(m-1), S(m). The number of outputs m varies from 4 to 12, i.e. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, preferably 5 or 7. The inputs S(1) to S(m) are located between the edges B1 and B2 and aligned in a direction parallel to B1 and B2, advantageously at a substantially equal distance from each other. The inputs E(1) and E(n) are located near the two ends of the edges A1 and A2,i.e. as close as possible to faces (c) or (d). The outlets S(1) and S(m) are located near the two ends of edges B1 and B2, i.e. as close as possible to faces (c) or (d). The inlet E(1) is configured for the introduction of a liquid cathode. The outlet S(1) is configured for the evacuation of the liquid cathode after circulation in the electrophoresis chamber. The inlet E(n) is configured for the introduction of a liquid anode. The outlet S(m) is configured for the evacuation of the liquid anode after circulation in the electrophoresis chamber. The inlets and outlets of a chamber are configured so that E(1) faces E(n) and S(1) faces S(m) so as to induce the electric field in the electrophoresis chamber between the liquid anode and the liquid cathode during the circulation of fluids to enable the implementation of electrophoresis. The liquid anode and the liquid cathode are electrolyte solutions,i.e. solutions comprising ions. By "liquid cathode" is meant an electrolyte solution configured to act as a cathode during electrophoresis. By "liquid anode" is meant an electrolyte solution configured to act as an anode during electrophoresis. The presence of the liquid cathode and the liquid anode makes it possible to generate an electric field in the electrophoresis chamber when the electrolytic solutions are charged. The liquid cathode and the liquid anode are electrolytic solutions, capable of generating an electric field,which can be increased or decreased by action of the generator which charges the liquid anode and the liquid cathode and / or with an increase in the concentration of the ions. One of the inputs E(2) to E(n-1) is configured for the introduction into the electrophoresis chamber of the solution to be purified and / or separated. One of the outputs S(2) to S(m-1) is configured for the recovery of the purified and / or separated solution after the electrophoresis process carried out in the electrophoresis chamber. At least one of the inputs E(2) to E(n-1), distinct from the input of the solution to be purified and / or separated, is configured for the introduction of a buffer solution into the electrophoresis chamber. The inputs and outputs of the electrophoresis chamber are connected by channels to supply or recovery circuits,configured for micro or millifluidic circulation of fluid flows. The term "microfluidic circuit" means a set of channels with a cross-section of dimensions of the order of a micrometer. The term "millifluidic circuit" means a set of channels with a cross-section of dimensions of the order of a millimeter. The inlets E(1) to E(n) are connected by supply channels to supply circuits. The outlets S(1) to S(m) are connected by recovery channels to recovery circuits. The device of the present invention comprises channels connecting: - the inlets E(1) of each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) to a micro / millifluidic circuit for supplying a liquid cathode, - the inlets E(n) of each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) to a micro / millifluidic circuit for supplying a liquid anode,- at least one of the inlets E(2) to E(n-1) of each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) to a micro / millifluidic circuit for supplying an initial solution containing a product to be purified and / or separated, - the other remaining inlets, of each electrophoresis chamber to micro / millifluidic circuits for supplying at least one buffer solution, - the outlets S(1) of each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) to a micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the liquid cathode, after circulation in the electrophoresis chamber, - the outlets S(m) of each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) to a micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the liquid anode, after circulation in the electrophoresis chamber,- at least one of the outlets S(2) to S(m-1) of each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) to a micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the purified and / or separated product contained in said initial solution to be purified and / or separated; - the other outlets to at least one micro / millifluidic recovery circuit. Thus, the device of the present invention is configured to, in the presence of an electric field applied parallel to A1 and perpendicular to C1, and in operation for each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) - circulate the liquid cathode from the inlet E(1) to the outlet S(1), along the face (c) - circulate the liquid anode from the inlet E(n) to the outlet S(m), along the face (d) - circulate in the electrophoresis chamber (Fi), between the liquid cathode and the liquid anode, from the inlets E(2) to E(n-1) to the outlets S(2) to S(m-1), the solution containing the product to be separated and / or purified and at least one buffer solution,- recovering at one of the outlets S(2) to S(m-1) of each electrophoresis chamber in a recovery circuit the purified and / or separated product contained in said initial solution. The inventors have surprisingly found that the introduction of a cooling circuit with the use of sapphire or alumina Al2O3 plates containing 99% α-Al2O3 as a means of separation between the heat transfer system and the electrophoresis chambers induces excellent temperature control and its homogeneity in such a way that it allows: - a thickness h of the electrophoresis chambers constituting the device which can vary from micrometer to millimeter and thus the increase in the processing capacity of the solutions to be purified or separated, - a purification and / or a separation of the thermosensitive molecules, - an introduction of a temperature gradient in the i electrophoresis chambers. In the present invention,the nature of the materials of the Y plates which are made of sapphire or alumina Al2O3 at 99% α-Al2O3, is an essential characteristic of the device of the invention. Indeed, temperature control is a critical parameter in the free-flow electrophoresis process, in particular to maintain a laminar flow system, in addition to the aspect of protein denaturation. In the prior art, the use of a cooling circuit using separation plates made of glass, quartz, ceramic or thermoplastic materials in the devices described in application WO 2019 / 077134 A1 is not efficient enough to achieve electrophoresis chamber thicknesses of the order of a millimeter, in particular due to the low thermal conductivity of the plates. For example, glass plates have a thermal conductivity of the order of 1 W / (mK) which is 40 times lower than that of the sapphire used in the present invention. In WO 2019 / 077134 A1,the plates framing the microfluidic circuit have the sole function of protecting the film in which the microfluidic circuit is etched. In addition, the use of the sapphire Y plate provides a robust and waterproof device that allows disassembly and reassembly, facilitating the washing of the device parts and its maintenance. The modularity of the device allows reuse of the Y and Z plates. Advantageously, the mechanical strength of the sapphire allows an assembly system, allowing significant pressure of the flows in the device while ensuring excellent sealing between each stage, which is not the case for glass which scratches and cracks very easily under slight pressure; in the presence of water, the crack in the glass can propagate throughout the cell and cause significant sealing problems. Thus, the use of sapphire Y plates,as adjacent plates closing a fluidic circuit allows robustness and temperature control in the device thanks to the thermal conductivity of sapphire. As a result, it provides a free-flow electrophoresis device capable of processing a larger volume than that of the device described in WO 2019 / 077134 A1, due to a height of the electrophoresis chambers of the order of a millimeter, for an industrial application of continuous purification and / or separation of samples by free-flow electrophoresis. According to a particular embodiment, the number m of outlets is equal to or greater than the number of inlets n in order to induce a finer separation of the product to be separated or purified. Advantageously, the number m of outlets is greater than the number n of inlets. The multiplication of outlets refines the recovery possibilities. According to a particular embodiment,n is equal to 5 and m is equal to 5. According to a particular embodiment, n is equal to 5 and m is equal to 7. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, comprising recovery channels configured to connect: - the output S(1) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the liquid cathode, - the output S(m) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the liquid anode, - one of the outputs S(2) to S(m-1) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the purified and / or separated product contained in said initial solution,- the other remaining outlets of each electrophoresis chamber to at least one micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the at least one buffer solution. The recovery channels of the device are configured to recover, after circulation in the electrophoresis chambers, the liquid cathode, the liquid anode, the buffer solution(s) and the purified and / or separated product contained in said initial solution. These recoveries take place in four separate recovery circuits, so that, in the electrophoresis chambers of the device, the liquid anode and the liquid cathode are not in contact to maintain the electric field before or during the recovery of the purified and / or separated product at the outlet. These recovery channels are also configured to separately recover the purified and / or separated product and the at least one buffer solution used. By "separation",means the separation from one another of at least two products present in the initial solution which can be recovered separately, said two products each being able to be recovered at different outlets of the device of the present invention. By "purification" is meant the separation of a product from the other species present in the initial solution. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which p is equal to 1 and i is equal to 1, comprising a single electrophoresis plate comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, in particular with a height h of 25 to 200 µm or 1.0 to 5.0 mm. This device of the invention in which p is equal to 1 and i is equal to 1, consists of the following sequence of plates YZYXYZY, comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, advantageously with a height h of 25 to 200 µm or 1.0 to 5,0 mm. It constitutes a laboratory tool. It advantageously makes it possible to determine the influence of the various parameters such as the nature of the buffer, the electric field, the temperature, the number and distribution of the inlets and outlets of the electrophoresis chamber, in order to optimize the conditions for purification and separation of a solution to be purified or separated. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which p is equal to 1 and i varies from 2 to 10, comprising a single electrophoresis plate X comprising from 2 to 10 electrophoresis chambers, preferably 10 electrophoresis chambers. This device according to the invention in which p is equal to 1 and i varies from 2 to 10, consists of the following sequence of plates YZYXYZY, namely a single stage comprising at least two electrophoresis chambers, preferably 10 electrophoresis chambers. According to a particular embodiment,the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which p varies from 2 to 10 and i varies from 2 to 10, comprising from 2 to 10 X-ray electrophoresis plates and each X-ray electrophoresis plate comprising from 2 to 10 electrophoresis chambers, in particular p is equal to 10 and i is equal to 10. Advantageously, the height of the electrophoresis chambers is from 1.0 to 20 mm, in particular from 1.0 to 5.0 mm, preferably from 1.0 to 2.0 mm. This device according to the invention is an industrial free-flow electrophoresis device consisting of several stages and several electrophoresis chambers per stage which makes it possible to continuously separate and / or purify a solution which can reach from 1 to 5 liters per hour of solution to be purified or separated, namely to allow use on an industrial scale. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above,wherein the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 650 µm to 20 mm, in particular from 650 µm to 10.0 mm, preferably from 650 to 5.0 mm, preferably from 650 µm to 2.0 mm. The range from 650 µm to 2.0 mm includes the following ranges: from 650 to 700 µm; from 700 to 750 µm; from 750 to 800 µm; from 800 to 850 µm; from 850 to 900 µm; from 900 to 950 µm; from 950 µm to 1.0 mm; from 1.0 to 1.1 mm; from 1.1 to 1.2 mm; 1.2 to 1.3 mm; 1.3 to 1.4 mm; 1.4 to 1.5 mm; 1.5 to 1.6 mm; 1.6 to 1.7 mm; 1.7 to 1.8 mm; 1.8 to 1.9 mm; 1.9 to 2.0 mm. The range from 650 µm to 5.0 mm includes the following ranges: 650 to 2.0 mm; 2.0 to 2.1 mm; 2.1 to 2.2 mm; 2.2 to 2.3 mm; 2.3 to 2.4 mm; 2.4 to 2.5 mm; 2.5 to 2.6 mm; 2.6 to 2.7 mm; 2.7 to 2.8 mm; 2.8 to 2.9 mm; from 2.9 to 3.0 mm; from 3.0 to 3.1 mm; from 3.1 to 3.2 mm; from 3.2 to 3.3 mm; from 3.3 to 3.4 mm; from 3.4 to 3.5 mm; from 3.5 to 3.6 mm; from 3.6 to 3.7 mm; from 3.7 to 3.8 mm; from 3.8 to 3.9 mm; from 3.9 to 4.0 mm; from 4.0 to 4.1 mm; 4.1 to 4.2 mm; 4.2 to 4.3 mm; 4.3 to 4.4 mm; 4.4 to 4.5 mm; 4.5 to 4.6 mm; 4.6 to 4.7 mm; 4.7 to 4.8 mm; 4.8 to 4.9 mm; 4.9 to 5.0 mm. The range from 650 µm to 10.0 mm includes the following ranges: 650 to 5.0 mm; 5.0 to 5.5 mm; 5.5 to 6.0 mm; 6.0 to 6.5 mm; 6.5 to 7.0 mm; 7.0 to 7.5 mm; 7.5 to 8.0 mm; 8.0 to 8.5 mm; from 8.5 to 9.0 mm; from 9.0 to 9.5 mm; from 9.5 to 10.0 mm. The range from 650 µm to 20.0 mm includes the following ranges: from 650 to 10.0 mm; from 10.0 to 11.0 mm; from 11.0 to 12.0 mm; from 12.0 to 13.0 mm; from 13.0 to 14.0 mm; from 14.0 to 15.0 mm; from 15.0 to 16.0 mm; from 16.0 to 17.0 mm; from 17.0 to 18.0 mm; from 18.0 to 19.0 mm; from 19.0 to 20.0 mm. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 25 µm to 200 µm or from 1.0 to 5.0 mm. The range of "25 µm to 200 µm" includes the following ranges: 25 to 50 µm; 50 to 75 µm; 75 to 100 µm; 100 to 125 µm; 125 to 150 µm; 150 to 175 µm; 175 to 200 µm. The range of "1.0 to 5.0 mm" includes the following ranges: 1.0 to 1.1 mm; 1.1 to 1.2 mm; 1.2 to 1.3 mm; 1.3 to 1.4 mm; 1.4 to 1.5 mm; 1.5 to 1.6 mm; 1.6 to 1.7 mm; 1.7 to 1.8 mm; 1.8 to 1.9 mm; 1.9 to 2.0 mm; 2.0 to 2.1 mm; 2.1 to 2.2 mm; 2.2 to 2.3 mm; 2.3 to 2.4 mm; 2.4 to 2.5 mm; 2.5 to 2.6 mm; 2.6 to 2.7 mm; 2.7 to 2.8 mm; 2.8 to 2.9 mm; 2.9 to 3.0 mm; 3.0 to 3.1 mm; 3.1 to 3.2 mm; 3.2 to 3.3 mm; 3.3 to 3.4 mm; 3.4 to 3.5 mm; 3.5 to 3.6 mm; 3.6 to 3.7 mm; from 3.7 to 3.8 mm; from 3.8 to 3.9 mm; from 3.9 to 4.0 mm; from 4.0 to 4.1 mm; from 4.1 to 4.2 mm; from 4.2 to 4.3 mm; from 4.3 to 4.4 mm; from 4.4 to 4.5 mm; from 4.5 to 4.6 mm; from 4.6 to 4.7 mm; from 4.7 to 4.8 mm; from 4.8 to 4.9 mm; from 4.9 to 5.0 mm. The use of a device comprising electrophoresis chambers, in particular a device comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, having a height of 25 µm to 200 µm or 1.0 to 5.0 mm, is advantageous for carrying out preliminary tests to determine the influence of the various parameters and to optimize the characteristics of the device. The height h of the electrophoresis chamber is constant throughout the system. "A height of 25 µm to 200 µm" means a height of constant value, said value being chosen between 25 µm and 200 µm. Similarly, "A height of 1.0 to 5.0 mm" means a constant height chosen between 1.0 and 5.0 mm. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm, in particular from 1.0 to 2.0 mm. The use of a device having a height of the order of millimeters is advantageous for achieving industrial quantities for the purification of products. For example, a device with 10 to 30 chambers with heights of 2 mm makes it possible to obtain 100 to 300 kg / year of purified product. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 650 µm to 20 mm, in particular from 650 µm to 10.0 mm, preferably from 650 to 5.0 mm, preferentially from 650 µm to 2.0 mm, or in which the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 25 µm to 200 µm or from 1.0 to 5.0 mm. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above,in which the i electrophoresis chambers of each plate X are adjacent to each other by the faces (c) or (d) of each hollowed-out part. Two electrophoresis chambers adjacent along the faces (c) and (d) therefore have a common wall between the two chambers. The chambers, adjacent along the faces (c) and (d), in the same electrophoresis plate X constitute a row of electrophoresis chambers. The row configuration of the chambers optimizes the use of the plates X in terms of surface area and facilitates their manufacture and machining. It also makes it possible to optimize the arrangement of the distribution channels and the cooling systems, for example by pooling them. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the inlets E(1) for two adjacent chambers are supplied by the same distribution channel. According to a particular embodiment,the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the inlets of two adjacent chambers are symmetrical. They are symmetrical with respect to the wall separating them, namely face (c) or (d). According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the ratio between the length Loe and the width Lae of the hollowed-out part is from 2 to 15 The ratio between the length Loe and the width Lae of the hollowed-out part is chosen to be able to allow the migration of the product to be purified. Advantageously, it is chosen independently of the electrophoretic mobility of the product to be purified or separated so that the device can be used for several types of products. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the width Lae of the hollowed-out part of the electrophoresis chamber is from 1.0 to 8.0 cm,preferably 1.0 to 5.0 cm The range of "1.0 to 8.0 cm" includes the ranges: 1.0 to 2.0 cm; 2.0 to 3.0 cm; 3.0 to 4.0 cm; 4.0 to 5.0 cm; 5.0 to 6.0 cm; 6.0 to 7.0 cm; 7.0 to 8.0 cm. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, wherein the length Loe of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber is 5.0 to 20.0 cm, preferably 5.0 to 15.0 cm. The range of "5.0 to 20.0 cm" includes the ranges: 5.0 to 6.0 cm; 6.0 to 7.0 cm; 7.0 to 8.0 cm; from 8.0 to 9.0 cm; from 9.0 to 10.0 cm; from 10.0 to 11.0 cm; from 11.0 to 12.0 cm; from 12.0 to 13.0 cm; from 13.0 to 14.0 cm; from 14.0 to 15.0 cm; from 15.0 to 16.0 cm; from 16.0 to 17.0 cm; from 17.0 to 18.0 cm; from 18.0 to 19.0 cm; from 19.0 to 20.0 cm. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above,wherein the X-ray electrophoresis plates are made of a material chosen from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfloroalkoxy (PFA) and fluoroethylene propylene (FEP), in particular Teflon plates, TM , Teflon TM -PFA and Teflon TM-FEP. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which in each X-ray electrophoresis plate a portion of said plate is configured to leave room for a fluid circuit of supply and recovery channels, which is partially or totally etched, cut or pierced in the X-ray plate.According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the i electrophoresis chambers of each X-plate are adjacent to each other by the faces (c) or (d) of each recessed portion, and / or in which the width Lae of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber is 1.0 to 8.0 cm, preferably 1.0 to 5.0 cm, and / or in which the length Loe of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber is 5.0 to 20.0 cm, preferably 5.0 to 15.0 cm, and / or in which the X-electrophoresis plates are made of a material selected from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfloroalkoxy (PFA) and fluoroethylene propylene (FEP), in particular Teflon plates. TM , Teflon TM -PFA and Teflon TM-FEP, and / or wherein in each electrophoresis plate X a portion of said plate is configured to leave room for a fluid circuit of supply and recovery channels, which is partially or totally etched, cut or drilled in the plate X. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the plates X, Y, Z have a dimension La x Lo, in which La and Lo vary from 2.0 to 50.0 cm. The range of "2.0 to 50.0 cm" includes the ranges: from 2.0 to 5.0 cm; from 5.0 to 10.0 cm; from 10.0 to 15.0 cm; from 15.0 to 20.0 cm; from 20.0 to 25.0 cm; from 25.0 to 30.0 cm; from 30.0 to 35.0 cm; from 35.0 to 40.0 cm; from 40.0 to 45.0 cm; from 45.0 to 50.0 cm. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the plates X, Y, Z have a dimension La x Lo, in which La is from 6.0 to 30 cm and Lo is from 2.0 to 50.0 cm.range of "6.0 to 30.0 cm" includes the ranges: 6.0 to 10.0 cm; 10.0 to 15.0 cm; 15.0 to 20.0 cm; 20.0 to 25.0 cm; 25.0 to 30.0 cm. In the case of a device comprising a single electrophoresis chamber on an X-plate, the width "La" of the X-plate is slightly greater than the width "Lae" of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber and the length "Lo" of the X-plate is slightly greater than the length "Loe" of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber. In the case of a device comprising 10 identical electrophoresis chambers adjacent in a row on a plate X, the width “La” of the plate X is substantially greater than the length “Loe” of the recessed portion of an electrophoresis chamber and the length “Lo” of the plate X is substantially greater than 10 times the width “Lae” of the recessed portion of an electrophoresis chamber. A slightly greater or substantially greater value is, for example, a valueupper by 1 to 20 mm. Advantageously, to increase the sealing of a row of 10 electrophoresis cells, the width of the edges of the electrophoresis plate X is increased by framing said row. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the plates Y have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm. The range of "0.5 to 5.0 mm" includes the following ranges: from 0.5 to 1.0 mm; from 1.0 to 1.5 mm; from 1.5 to 2.0 mm; from 2.0 to 2.5 mm; from 2.5 to 3.0 mm; from 3.0 to 3.5 mm; from 3.5 to 4.0 mm; from 4.0 to 4.5 mm; from 4.5 to 5.0 mm. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the plates Z are made of a material chosen from plexiglass, PTFE or polyamines. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the cooling plates Z have athickness of 1.0 to 10.0 mm, in particular of 1.0 to 5.0 mm. The range of "1.0 to 10.0 mm" includes the following ranges: 1.0 to 2.0 mm; 2.0 to 3.0 mm; 3.0 to 4.0 mm; 4.0 to 5.0 mm; 5.0 to 6.0 mm; 6.0 to 7.0 mm; 7.0 to 8.0 mm; 8.0 to 9.0 mm; 9.0 to 10.0 mm. The range of "1.0 to 5.0 mm" includes the following ranges: 1.0 to 1.5 mm; 1.5 to 2.0 mm; 2.0 to 2.5 mm; 2.5 to 3.0 mm; 3.0 to 3.5 mm; from 3.5 to 4.0 mm; from 4.0 to 4.5 mm; from 4.5 to 5.0 mm. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the plates X, Y, Z have a dimension La x Lo, in which La and Lo vary from 2.0 to 50.0 cm, and / or in which the plates Y have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm, and / or in which the cooling plates Z have a thickness of 1.0 to 10.0 mm, in particular of 1.0 to 5.0 mm. According to a particular embodiment, the present inventionrelates to a device as defined above, in which the electrophoresis chambers comprise channeling means opening onto the inlets and / or onto the outlets, preferably etched in the electrophoresis plate X. These channeling means are configured to allow the orientation of the flows in the electrophoresis chamber at each of the inlets and outlets, in order to better distribute the flows in the case of the inlets over the entire width of the hollowed-out part and to better concentrate the flows in the case of the outlets. Advantageously, these channeling means are an integral part of the electrophoresis chamber, i.e. fused with the walls of the electrophoresis chamber and are made of the same material as the electrophoresis plate. These channeling means are located along the faces (a) and (b) of the rectangular parallelepiped in which the hollowed-out part is inscribed. According to a particular embodiment, the present inventionrelates to a device as defined above, in which each electrophoresis chamber is configured to each contain at least one membrane of selective permeability, preferably size-selective, positioned so as to be crossed by the solution containing the product to be separated or purified during operation of the device. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which each electrophoresis chamber comprises at least one membrane of selective permeability in sizes, positioned parallel to the face (c) and adjacent to an inlet of a buffer solution, so as to be crossed by the initial solution containing the product to be separated or purified during operation of the device and so that the part of the initial solution which has not crossed said membrane is conveyed towards one of the outlets by said buffer solution coming from said adjacent inletto said membrane. The presence of these membranes further allows size selectivity of the product to be purified and / or separated. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the upper face and / or the lower face of each of the electrophoresis chambers comprises protrusions configured so as not to disturb, during operation of the device, the circulation in the chamber of the product to be purified and / or separated, and configured to improve heat transfer and to maintain the electrophoresis chambers at a selected temperature. The protrusions extend from the faces (e) and / or (f) of the recessed portion towards the interior of said recessed portion. They may be located only on one of the faces or on both faces. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said protrusions are inthermally conductive materials, preferably sapphire or 99% α-Al2O3 alumina, preferably in the same material as that of the Y plate, in order to ensure thermal conductivity in the chambers and to control the temperature in the cell. The presence of these protuberances makes it possible to promote thermal exchanges between the cooling plates along the path and thus to optimize the separation of the desired molecule while avoiding denaturation of the molecules, while maintaining the optimal temperature. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said protuberances have a shape configured so as not to disturb, during operation of the device, the circulation in the chamber of the product to be purified and / or separated. The shape and arrangement of the protuberances can be calculated or simulated in order to avoid a disturbance of the streamlines of the flows inlaminar regime around the protuberance and in the electrophoresis chamber, said shape and said arrangement being however effective for heat transfer. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said protuberances are triangular-shaped pins, rectangular-based pillars or pads or ovoid-shaped. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the X and / or Y plates are etched to be able to accommodate said protuberances. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which each electrophoresis chamber is configured to each contain at least one membrane of selective permeability, preferably selective in size, positioned so as to be crossed by the solution containing the product to be separatedor to be purified during operation of the device, and / or in which the upper face and / or the lower face of each of the electrophoresis chambers comprises protrusions configured so as not to disturb, during operation of the device, the circulation in the chamber of the product to be purified and / or separated, and configured to improve heat transfer and to maintain the electrophoresis chambers at a selected temperature, in particular in which said protrusions are made of thermally conductive materials, preferably sapphire or 99% α-Al2O3 alumina. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the heat transfer system in the plates Z is a pipe network configured to allow the circulation of one or more heat transfer fluids, said network being placed in direct contact with a portion of the plates Y adjacent to Z, said portion being connectedthermally to the electrophoresis chambers, in order to allow the temperature in said electrophoresis chambers to be controlled. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the pipe network of the heat transfer system is formed by recesses in the plate Z. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said pipe network of the heat transfer system is configured to generate a temperature gradient in each of the electrophoresis chambers. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said pipe network of the heat transfer system comprises, for each of the electrophoresis chambers, channels parallel to the edge C1, said channels being able to contain heat transfer fluids of different temperatures in order to generatesaid temperature gradient. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the inlet of the heat transfer system is located on the side of the face (a) of the electrophoresis chamber. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said pipe network of the heat transfer system is configured to generate a temperature gradient in each of the electrophoresis chambers, in particular, said heat transfer system is a pipe network configured to allow the circulation of one or more heat transfer fluids, said network being placed in direct contact with a portion of the plates Y adjacent to Z, said portion being thermally connected to the electrophoresis chambers, in order to allow the control of the temperature in said electrophoresis chambers, preferably in which said pipe network of theheat transfer system comprises, for each of the electrophoresis chambers, channels parallel to the edge C1, said channels being able to contain heat transfer fluids of different temperatures in order to generate said temperature gradient. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said pipe network is configured to obtain a selected and controlled temperature in the electrophoresis chambers. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the respective inlet and outlet flow of the pipe network of the heat transfer system is perpendicular to the edge C1 of each electrophoresis chamber. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the inlet of the heat transfer system is located on the side of the face (c) of the recessed part ofthe electrophoresis chamber. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the clamping means for ensuring the sealing of said device comprise two external clamping plates enclosing said device, said means being removable, in particular plate by plate. Another object of the present invention relates to the use of a device of the invention as defined above, in a preparative electrophoresis method for the purification and / or separation of a molecule, in particular a protein, under continuous flow. The device of the invention advantageously allows continuous use for the purification and / or separation of a product. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the use as defined above, in which from 1 to 5 L / hour of solution to be purified or separated are treated, in particular in which saiddevice comprises 100 electrophoresis chambers, preferably comprising 10 stages and 10 electrophoresis chambers per stage. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the use as defined above, wherein the productivity of the purified or separated product is 100 to 300 kg / year of purified or separated product, in particular wherein said device comprises 10 to 50 electrophoresis chambers. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the use as defined above, said device comprising 100 electrophoresis chambers in operation for 300 days / year. Another subject of the present invention relates to a method for the purification and / or separation by free-flow electrophoresis of a product contained in a solution comprising the following steps: - connecting the supply channels of a device according to the invention as defined above to the supply circuits ofthe liquid cathode, the liquid anode, an initial solution containing a product to be purified and / or separated, and at least one buffer solution, said channels and circuits being controlled by a central unit (UC1) - connecting the cooling systems to a cooling circuit, controlled by a central unit (UC2) - generating an electric field along the edges A1, via the liquid anode and the liquid cathode, - generating a fluidic circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, by the central unit (UC1), so as to: o circulate a liquid cathode from the inlet E(1) to the outlet S(1), o circulate a liquid anode from the inlet E(n) to the outlet E(m), o circulate in the electrophoresis chamber, between the liquid cathode and the liquid anode, the initial solution containing the product to be purified and / or separated and said at least one buffer solution, from the inlets E(2) to E(n-1) to the outlets S(2) and S(m-1), - select and retrievein at least one of the outlets S(2) to S(m-1), of each of the electrophoresis chambers of said device, the separated or purified product. The control of the circulation of the fluids by the central unit (UC1) is carried out for example using flow meters and pumps present in the supply and recovery circuits. For example, each inlet of the electrophoresis chamber can be connected to a flow meter. The electric field along the edge A1 in the electrophoresis chamber can be generated by the circulation of the liquid cathode from E(1) to S(1) and by the circulation of the liquid anode from E(n) to S(m). Advantageously, the same central unit can control the fluid circulation in the electrophoresis chambers and the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the cooling circuit. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, implemented under continuous flow of the initial solution containing theproduct to be purified and / or separated, in particular at a flow rate of 1 to 5 L / hour, in particular said device comprising 100 electrophoresis chambers, preferably in operation 300 days / year. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which the liquid cathode and the liquid anode are electrolytic solutions of the same composition. By "liquid electrode" is meant a liquid cathode or anode. It should be noted that an electrode is an electronic or ionic conductor capturing or releasing electrons. In this embodiment, the cathode and the anode are called liquid electrodes. These liquid electrodes are electrolytic solutions having high ionic conductivity. For example, the liquid electrode, which is composed of 40% methanol, 10mM HEPES, 0.2% HPMC, 0.1% Tween 20, 1.5M KCl pH=7.5, has an ionic conductivity of 250 mS / cm. The liquid electrode may include speciesin the form of ions such as in saline solutions. Advantageously, the liquid electrode comprises chloride or fluoride salts. In one embodiment, the liquid electrode comprises 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), or citrate, or 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES), or acetate. In one embodiment, the liquid electrode further comprises hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Tween 20 (Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate), methanol, ethanol and / or KCl. Advantageously, the liquid electrode has the following composition: 10mM HEPES, 0.2% (m / v) HPMC, 0.1% (m / v) Tween 20, 40% methanol and 0.5 to 1.5M KCL and water. Advantageously, the pH of the liquid electrode is adjusted with a NaOH solution. Advantageously, the ionic conductivity of the liquid electrode is 0.01 to 250mS / cm. Advantageously, the liquid electrode is pre-charged before introduction into the chambers of thedevice, in particular using a carbon electrode introduced into the electrolytic solution, for example composed of 40% methanol, 10mM HEPES, 0.2% HPMC, 0.1% Tween 20, 1.5M KCl pH=7.5. The use of a cathode and a liquid anode implies the non-use of metal in the device and makes it possible to avoid the electrolysis of water and therefore the formation of bubbles in the electrophoresis chamber(s). According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which the buffer solution has a pH suitable for the purification and / or separation of the product to be purified and / or separated contained in the initial solution. In general, the pH of the buffer solution is between 5.8 and 7.5 and depends on the molecule to be purified in its medium. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said fluidic circulation of the liquid cathodein each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 10,000 µL / min. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said fluidic circulation of the liquid anode in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 10,000 µL / min. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said fluidic circulation of the solution to be purified and / or separated in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 30,000 µL / min. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said fluidic circulation of the buffer solution in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the unitcentral (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 50000 µL / min. The range of “10 to 10000 µL / min” includes the following ranges: from 10 to 20 µL / min; from 20 to 50 µL / min; from 50 to 80 µL / min; from 80 to 100 µL / min; from 100 to 150 µL / min; from 150 to 200 µL / min; from 200 to 300 µL / min; from 300 to 400 µL / min; from 400 to 500 µL / min; from 500 to 600 µL / min; from 600 to 800 µL / min; from 800 to 1000 µL / min; from 1000 to 1500 µL / min; from 1500 to 2000 µL / min; from 2000 to 2500 µL / min; from 2500 to 3000 µL / min; from 3500 to 4000 µL / min; from 4000 to 4500 µL / min; from 4500 to 5000 µL / min; from 5000 to 5500 µL / min; from 5500 to 6000 µL / min; from 6000 to 6500 µL / min; from 6500 to 7000 µL / min; from 7000 to 7500 µL / min; from 7500 to 8000 µL / min; from 8000 to 8500 µL / min; from 8500 to 9000 µL / min; from 9000 to 9500 µL / min; from 9500 µL / min to 10000 µL / min. The range of "10 to 20000 µL / min" includes the following ranges: from 10 to 10000 µL / min; from 10000 to 11000 µL / min; from 11000 to 12000 µL / min; from 12000 to 13000 µL / min; from 13000 to 14000 µL / min;from 14000 to 15000 µL / min; from 15000 to 16000 µL / min; from 16000 to 17000 µL / min; from 17000 to 18000 µL / min; from 18000 to 19000 µL / min; from 19000 to 20000 µL / min. The range of "10 to 50000 µL / min" includes the following ranges: from 10 to 20000 µL / min; from 20000 to 25000 µL / min; from 25000 to 30000 µL / min; from 30000 to 35000 µL / min; from 35000 to 40000 µL / min; from 40000 to 45000 µL / min; from 45000 to 50000 µL / min. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said fluidic circulation of the liquid cathode in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is carried out at a flow rate of 10 to 10000 µL / min, and / or in which said fluidic circulation of the liquid anode in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is carried out at a flow rate of 10 to 10000 µL / min, and / or in which said fluidic circulation of the solution to be purified and / or separated ineach of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 30,000 µL / min, and / or wherein said fluid circulation of the buffer solution in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 50,000 µL / min. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said device comprises at least 100 electrophoresis chambers positioned in parallel. By "electrophoresis cells positioned or placed in parallel" is meant electrophoresis cells in which the supply of fluid through the channels of the different inlets is carried out in parallel, i.e. simultaneously at the inlets with introduced fluids (liquid electrodes, buffer solution and the solution to be purified and / or separated) from the same sources. Cell 1 and cell 2 are suppliedsimultaneously at the inlet E(1) of each cell by a liquid electrode from the same container containing the liquid electrode, for example. Thus the circuit for supplying the solution to be purified and / or separated from the electrophoresis chambers is a parallel circuit. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a pH variation along the edge A1 in each electrophoresis chamber is generated, using at least two buffers of different pH. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said device comprises in each electrophoresis chamber at least one size-selective membrane, configured to separate the product to be purified and / or separated from the initial solution during the fluid circulation in each of the chamberselectrophoresis chamber. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which each electrophoresis chamber comprises at least one size-selective membrane, positioned parallel to the edge C1 and adjacent to an inlet of a buffer solution, in which during the fluidic circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers the initial solution containing the product to be separated and / or purified passes through said membrane, the part of the initial solution not having passed through said membrane being conveyed to one of the outlets S(2) to S(m-1) by said buffer solution coming from said inlet adjacent to said membrane. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which during the fluidic circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a temperature gradient along the edge A1 of the recessed part is applied in eachelectrophoresis chamber, in particular through the cooling systems of said device comprising a heat transfer system consisting of a network of pipes configured to allow the circulation of one or more heat transfer fluids parallel to the face (c) of each of the electrophoresis chambers. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said device comprises at least 100 electrophoresis chambers positioned in parallel, and / or in which said device comprises in each electrophoresis chamber at least one size-selective membrane, configured to separate the product to be purified and / or separated from the initial solution during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, and / or in which during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a pH variation along the edge A1 in each electrophoresis chamberis generated, using at least two buffers of different pH, and / or wherein during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a temperature gradient along the edge A1 of the recessed portion is applied in each electrophoresis chamber. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, wherein during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a homogeneous temperature, in particular from 10°C to 40°C, is applied in each of the electrophoresis chambers. The range of "10°C to 40°C" includes the following ranges: from 10 to 15°C; from 15 to 20°C; from 20 to 25°C; from 25 to 30°C; from 30 to 35°C; from 35 to 40°C, in particular the values ​​of 35°C, 36°C, 37°C, 38°C, 39°C and 40°C. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which, during the fluid circulation in each of the chamberselectrophoresis, the generated electric field is 200V to 4000V. The range of "200V to 4000V" includes the following ranges: 200 to 500V; 500 to 1000V; 1000 to 1500V; 1500 to 2000V; 2000 to 2500V; 2500 to 3000V; 3000 to 3500V; from 3500 to 4000 V. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a homogeneous temperature, in particular from 10°C to 40°C, is applied in each of the electrophoresis chambers, and / or in which, during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, the electric field generated is from 200V to 4000 V. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, implemented to purify and / or separate a protein. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as definedabove, implemented to purify and / or separate isomers, in particular enantiomers. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to the method as defined above, implemented to purify and / or separate a protein or implemented to purify and / or separate isomers, in particular enantiomers. Another subject of the present invention relates to a use of a device according to the invention as defined above, comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, in particular the height h of the hollowed-out part of which is 25 to 200 µm or 1.0 to 5.0 mm, to determine and optimize the fluid circulation of the product to be purified and / or separated in order to set up an industrial device according to the invention as defined above comprising from 10 to 100 electrophoresis chambers. Another subject of the present invention relates to a method for developing an industrial device for purifying and / or separating asolution comprising the product to be purified and / or separated by electrophoresis comprising the following steps: a) a first study step implementing a device according to the invention as defined above comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, in particular the height h of the hollowed-out part of which is 25 to 200 µm or 1.0 to 5.0 mm, to determine and optimize the fluid circulation of the product to be purified and / or separated, b) a second step of setting up said industrial device comprising 10 to 100 electrophoresis chambers. Figures and Examples Figure 1 represents an exploded view diagram of an electrophoresis microcell device comprising 30 electrophoresis cells distributed in rows of 10 cells on 3 levels, without representation of the clamping means of all the plates. (1) represents an electrophoresis plate comprising a row of 10 electrophoresis chambers each comprising a hollowed-out portion (6) in the shape of a parallelepipedrectangle, each chamber comprising inlets or outlets (7) and supply or recovery channels (8), two adjacent hollowed-out parts are separated by the same wall. (2) represents a synthetic sapphire plate ensuring the separation of fluids between two plates but allowing heat exchanges. (3) represents a cooling plate comprising a cooling system (4) which comprises a recess allowing the circulation of a heat transfer fluid from an inlet to an outlet. (5) represents a stage consisting of a succession of plates YZYXYZY. The device comprises 3 stages and consists of the following sequence YZYXYZYXYZYXYZY in which the two central sequences YZY are common to two successive stages, respectively the first and second stage and the second and third stage. Figure 2 represents the hollowed-out part (6) of a chamber of an electrophoresis plate (1). The hollowed-out part is part of a parallelepipedrectangle of width Lae, length Loe and height h, delimited by the faces (a, b, c, d, e, f), the faces (a, b, c, d) form the side walls between the hollowed part and the plate X, the faces (a, b) being parallel to each other and the faces (c, d) being parallel to each other. Face (a) is delimited by the edges (A1, A2) of dimension Lae, face (b) by the edges (B1, B2) of dimension Lae. Face (c) is delimited by the edges (C1, C2) of dimension Loe, face (d) by the edges (D1, D2) of dimension Loe. The edges (A1, B1, C1, D1) delimit face (e) and the edges (A2, B2, C2, D2) delimit face (f). Figure 3 shows an exploded view diagram of a single-stage device comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, without representation of the clamping means of all the plates. (1) shows an electrophoresis plate comprising a single chamber comprising a hollow part (6) in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, comprising inlets or outlets(7) and supply or recovery channels (8). (2) represents a synthetic sapphire plate ensuring the separation of fluids between two plates but allowing heat exchanges. (3) represents a cooling plate comprising a cooling system (4) which comprises a recess allowing the circulation of a heat transfer fluid from an inlet to an outlet, the inlet of the heat transfer fluid being on the same side as that of the inlets of the electrophoresis chamber. The device consists of a single stage (5) comprising a succession of the YZYXYZY plates. Figure 4 represents in part a) a one-stage device comprising a row of 10 electrophoresis chambers and in part b) a two-stage device, each stage comprising a row of 10 electrophoresis chambers. (1) represents an electrophoresis plate comprising a row of 10 electrophoresis chambers each comprising a hollow portion (6) in the shape of a parallelepipedrectangle, each chamber comprising inlets or outlets (7) and supply or recovery channels (8), two adjacent hollowed-out parts are separated by the same wall. (2) represents a synthetic sapphire plate ensuring the separation of fluids between two plates but allowing heat exchanges. (3) represents a cooling plate comprising a cooling system (4) which comprises a recess allowing the circulation of a heat transfer fluid from an inlet to an outlet. (5) represents a stage consisting of a succession of plates YZYXYZY. The device in part a) comprises 1 stage and consists of the following sequence YZYXYZY. The device in part b) comprises 2 stages and consists of the following sequence YZYXYZYXYZY in which the central sequence YZY is common to both stages. Figure 5 represents a diagram of a row of four electrophoresis chambers, in which the inlets of each chamberelectrophoresis chambers follow one another in an identical manner in part a) or the inlets of the adjacent chambers are symmetrical with respect to the wall separating them (part b). The inlets and outlets of the electrophoresis chambers comprise channeling means (9). Figure 6 shows an exploded view of a device with a cooling system allowing the establishment of a temperature gradient, either along the width of the electrophoresis chamber (part a), or along the length of the chamber (part b). In the device the cooling plate comprises a heat transfer system comprising recesses forming channels (10) which are parallel to the flows of the electrophoresis chamber in part a) or which are perpendicular in part b). Figure 7 shows a device comprising clamping means. In this particular embodiment, the clamping means consist of two plates (11) which enclose the entire successionplates X, Y and Z, using fastening means (12) connecting the two plates (11) whose distance can be adjusted. The fastening means (12) are for example screws. Figure 8 shows the diagram of the electrophoresis chamber of the electrophoresis chips used; part a) shows that of the KPLE-100-008 chip which has 5 inlets and 7 outlets, said kinds being numbered from top to bottom from 1 to 7, the central inlet is intended for the sample, the inlets E(2) and E(4) for the buffer solution (TS) and the inlets E(1) and E(5) for the liquid electrodes; part b) represents that of the KPLE-100-009 chip which has 5 inputs and 5 outputs, said outputs being numbered from top to bottom from 1 to 5, the central input is intended for the sample, inputs E(2) and E(4) for the buffer solution (TS) and inputs E(1) and E(5) for the liquid electrodes. The hollowed-out part of the electrophoresis chambers is of width Lae and length Loe. The electrophoresis plate X isof width La and length Lo. The electrophoresis chambers comprise channeling means (9) for the inlet and outlet flows. The channeling means are, for example, triangular-shaped elements (91) in the form of a beveled point (92) located between two inlets or two outlets. Figure 9 is a photograph taken of the KPLE-100-008 device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with a thickness of 100 µm, during the hydrodynamic test. The visualization of the different flows was made possible by coloring the sample flow and the electrode flows in yellow. Figure 10 shows a series of photographs taken of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, 1 mm thick, during hydrodynamic tests at flow rates (µL / min) sample / buffer solution / electrode respectively of 160 / 1600 / 1000 for part a), 320 / 3200 / 800 for part b), 400 / 4000 / 1000 for part c) and400 / 2000 / 500 for part d). Figure 11 is a photograph taken from a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness h of 2 mm, during hydrodynamic tests at flow rates in µL / min of the sample / buffer / electrode solutions respectively of 400 / 4000 / 1000. Figure 12 is a photograph taken from the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 5 outlets, with a thickness of 100 µm, during a separation of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 1500 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the sample / buffer / electrode solutions respectively of 10 / 80 / 20. Figure 13 represents the HPLC spectra of the products at the S(2), S(3) and S(4) outlets of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness h of 2 mm, during hydrodynamic tests at flow rates in µL / min of the sample / buffer / electrode solutions respectively of 400 / 4000 / 1000. electrophoresis apparatus with 5 inlets and 5 outlets, 100 µm thick, during a separation test of a mixture of three compoundscolored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 1500 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 80 / 20 Figure 14 is a photograph taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness of 100 µm, during a separation test of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 2500 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 100 / 20. Figure 15 represents the HPLC spectra of the products at the outlets S(2), S(3), S(4), S(5) and S(6) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets outputs, 100 µm thick, during a separation test of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 2500 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectively ofthe sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 100 / 20 Figure 16 shows photographs taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, 1.0 mm thick, during a separation test of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 2000 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 600 / 20, part a) corresponds to a photograph taken without annotations, part b) represents the same photograph with annotations on the path of travel of the colored compounds. Figure 17 shows photographs taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, 1.0 mm thick, during a separation test of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 3000 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectivelyof the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 20 / 3000 / 50, part a) corresponds to a photograph taken without annotations, part b) represents the same photograph with annotations on the path of the colored compounds. Figure 18 represents photographs taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, 2.0 mm thick, during a test for the separation of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 3000 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 20 / 3000 / 50, part a) corresponds to a photograph taken without annotations, part b) represents the same photograph with annotations on the path of the colored compounds. Figure 19 represents the HPLC spectra of the products at the outputs S(1) to S(7) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7outlets, 100 µm thick, during a separation test of a mixture of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) carried out at 0 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 100 / 25. Figure 20 represents the HPLC spectra of the products at outlets S(1) to S(7) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, 100 µm thick, during a separation test of a mixture of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) carried out at 1000 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 100 / 25. Figure 21 represents the HPLC spectra of the products at the outputs S(1) to S(7) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, 100 µm thick, during a separation test of a mixture of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) carried out at 2000 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 100 / 25. Figure 22 represents a diagram of the migration of the species of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 5 outlets, with a thickness of 100 µm, during a test for the separation of a mixture of protein and its linker, carried out at 1500 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 80 / 20. Figure 23 represents the HPLC spectra of the products at the outlet of S(3) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 5 outlets, with a thickness of 100 µm, during a test for the separation of a mixture of protein and its linker. linker, carried out at 1500 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the sample / buffer solution / electrode solutions respectively of 10 / 80 / 20. Figure 24 represents the HPLC spectraproducts at the outlet of S(4) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 5 outlets, 100 µm thick, during a test for the separation of a mixture of protein and its linker, carried out at 1500 V and at flow rates in µL / min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 80 / 20. Examples Example 1: Material and method Electrophoresis device Two devices, called electrophoresis chips, comprising an electrophoresis chamber with different characteristics of dimensions of the hollowed-out part (called separation chamber) and of the X plate and a distinct number of outlets, were used in the tests. The dimensions of the two chips are reported in Table 1 below. Three heights h were used: 100 µm, 1 mm and 2 mm. The KPLE-100-009 chip has a 5-input, 5-output electrophoresis chamber. The inputs and outputs are symmetrical. The inputs are numberedfrom top to bottom from 1 to 5, or respectively E(1) to E(5). The KPLE-100-008 chip has an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inputs and 7 outputs. Multiplying the outputs refines the recovery possibilities. These outputs are also numbered from top to bottom from 1 to 7, respectively S(1) to S(7), or S1 to S7. Each input was connected to a flow meter controlling the flow introduced into the electrophoresis chip. Each flow meter was itself connected to an independent liquid supply container, namely either the sample, a buffer solution, or a liquid electrode. All parameters, including the flow rate of the inputs, the recovery of the products at the outputs and their analysis are controlled by computer and automatically recorded. Recessed part of the chamber Electrophoresis electrophoresis plate (separator plate) Length Loe x width Lae Length L x width La KPLE-100-008 6.4 cm x 3.0 cm 10.2 cm x 5.2 cm KPLE-100-009 4.5 cm x 1.8 cm 7.5cm x 5.0 cm Table 1: Device Dimensions Example 2: Hydrodynamic Flow Study in the Device Hydrodynamic flow studies were carried out in a free-flow electrophoresis device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets and having a thickness h of 100 µm, 1 mm and 2 mm. They aim to analyze the movement of the sample flow, the electrolyte flows (anode and cathode) and the buffer solution flows when the device is in operation. No electric field was applied during these tests. Test 1: KPLE-100-008 chip with a thickness h = 100 µm. The KPLE-100-008 chip was connected to flow meters at each inlet according to the conditions indicated in the following Table 2. Inputs Injected solution Composition Flow rate (µL / min) E(1) Liquid electrode Water / methanol (60 / 40), 20 (cathode) 10mM HEPES, 0.2%(m / v) HPMC, 0.1%(m / v) Tween 20, 1.5M KCl pH 7.45 adjusted with NaOH Dyeyellow E(2) Buffer solution Water 80 10mM HEPES, 0.2%(w / v) HPMC, 0.1%(w / v) Tween 20 pH 7.45 E(3) Sample Yellow dye 10 E(4) Buffer solution Water 80 10mM HEPES, 0.2%(w / v) HPMC, 0.1%(w / v) Tween 20 pH 7.45 E(5) Liquid electrode Water / methanol (60 / 40), 20 (anode) 10mM HEPES, 0.2%(w / v) HPMC, 0.1%(w / v) Tween 20, 1.5M KCL pH 7.45 adjusted with NaOH Yellow dye Table 2: Operating conditions of test 1. Figure 9 is a Photograph taken of the KPLE-100-008 device comprising a 100 µm thick electrophoresis chamber, during the hydrodynamic test. The visualization of the different flows was made possible by coloring the sample flow and the electrode flows in yellow. It was observed, without application of an electric field, a path of the sample flow from the inlet E(3) to the outlet S(4), outlet facing E(3). A yellow colored area in the form of a band was observed from E(1) to S(1). Another yellow colored area underband shape was observed from E(1) to S(6) and S(7). These two bands represent the paths of the two flows of the liquid electrodes respectively. Tests 2 to 5: Chip with 5 inputs and 7 outputs with a thickness h = 1 mm. A chip comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inputs, 7 outputs and a thickness h of 1 mm was connected to flow meters at each input according to the conditions indicated in the following table 3. Inputs Solu^on Composition Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Test 5 injected Flow Rate Flow Rate Flow Rate (µL / min) (µL / min) (µL / min) (µL / min) E(1) Electrode Water / methanol (60 / 40), 10mM HEPES liquid, 1000 800 1000 500 (cathode) 0.2%(w / v) HPMC, 0.1%(w / v) Tween 20, 1.5M KCL pH 7.45 adjusted with NaOH Yellow dye E(2) Solu^on Water 1600 3200 4000 2000 10mM HEPES buffer, 0.2%(w / v) HPMC, 0.1%(w / v) Tween 20 pH 7.45 blue dye E(3) Sample Water 160 320 400 400 E(4) Solution Water 1 600 3200 4000 2000 10mM HEPES buffer, 0.2%(m / v) HPMC, 0.1%(m / v) Tween 20 pH 7.45blue dye E(5) Electrode Water / methanol (60 / 40), 1000 800 1000 500 liquid HEPES at 10mM, (anode) HPMC at 0.2%(m / v), Tween 20 at 0.1%(m / v), KCL 1.5M pH at 7.45 adjusted with NaOH Yellow dye Table 3: Operating conditions for test 2 Figure 10 is a photograph taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, 1 mm thick, during hydrodynamic tests at flow rates (µL / min) sample / buffer solution / electrode of 160 / 1600 / 100 for part a), 320 / 3200 / 800 for part b), 400 / 4000 / 1000 for part c) and 400 / 2000 / 500 for part d). The visualization of the path of the different flows was made possible by coloring the buffer solution in blue and coloring the electrode flows in yellow. It was highlighted, without application of an electric field, a path of the sample flow in a quasi-straight line from the inlet E(3) to the outlet S(4), outletfacing E(3), due to the blue coloration of the buffer solutions which contrasts with an absence of coloration of the sample solution. Indeed, the flow of the sample was bordered on both sides by two darker bands representing the paths of the buffer solutions injected from the inlet E(2) to the outlets S(2) to S(4) and from the inlet E(4) to the outlets S(5) to S(6). A yellow colored zone in the form of a band from E(1) to S(1) and another yellow colored zone in the form of a band from E(1) to S(7) were observed. These two bands represent the paths of the two flows of the liquid electrodes respectively. Test 6: Chip with 5 inlets and 7 outlets with a thickness h = 2 mm. A chip comprising an electrophoresis chamber, with 5 inlets, 7 outlets, with a thickness h of 2 mm, was connected to flow meters at each inlet according to the conditions indicated in the following table 4. Inlets Injected solution Composition Test 6 Flow rate (µL / min)E(1) Liquid electrode Water / methanol (60 / 40), 1000 (cathode) 10mM HEPES, 0.2%(w / v) HPMC, 0.1%(w / v) Tween 20, 1.5M KCL pH 7.45 adjusted with NaOH Yellow dye E(2) Buffer solution Water 4000 10mM HEPES, 0.2%(w / v) HPMC, 0.1%(w / v) Tween 20 pH 7.45 Blue dye E(3) Sample Water 400 E(4) Buffer Water 4000 10mM HEPES, 0.2%(w / v) HPMC, 0.1%(w / v) Tween 20 pH 7.45 Blue dye E(5) Liquid electrode Water / methanol (60 / 40), 1000 (anode) 10mM HEPES, 0.2%(m / v) HPMC, 0.1%(m / v) Tween 20, 1.5M KCL pH 7.45 adjusted with NaOH Yellow dye Table 4: Operating conditions of test 3 Figure 11 is a photograph taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness h of 2 mm, during hydrodynamic tests at flow rates in µL / min of the sample / buffer solution / electrode solutions of 400 / 4000 / 1000 respectively. Visualization of the path of the different flows is made possible by theblue coloration of the buffer solution and yellow coloration of the electrode flows. A sample flow path from inlet E(3) to outlets S(4) and S(5) was highlighted without the application of an electric field. The sample flow path was made visible by the blue coloration of the buffer solutions. A yellow colored area in the form of a band was observed from E(1) to outlets S(1) and S(2), another yellow colored area in the form of a band was observed from E(5) to outlets S(6) and S(7). These two bands represent the paths of the two liquid electrode flows respectively. In conclusion, hydrodynamic tests 1 to 6 confirm laminar flow of the solutions injected at different flow rates into the chamber, which allows the implementation of the free-flow electrophoresis process. Example 3: Separation of a mixture of Fluorescein, Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G Tests 7 to 11 in a deviceFree-flow electrophoresis systems were set up for the separation of a mixture of three molecules: fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G, exhibiting fluorescence. The chemical structures of the three molecules are presented below.

[0002] These 3 compounds have similar sub-nanometer size and significantly different charges. The zeta potential of each compound was previously measured and reported in Table 5. Fluorescein at pH 7.49 showed a zeta potential of -23.5 mV, rhodamine B -0.3 mV and rhodamine 6G +36.2 mV. Compound Zeta Potential at pH 7.49 Fluorescein -23.5 mV Rhodamine B -0.3 mV Rhodamine 6G +36.2 mV Table 5: Zeta Potential measured at pH 7.49 Test 7 - Chamber with 5 inlets and 5 outlets - h = 100 µm - V=1500 V The main characteristics of test 7 are as follows: - Chamber with 5 inlets and 5 outlets - h = 100 µm, - V = 1500 V - Flow rate (µl / min): Sample / Buffer / Electrode: 10 / 80 / 20 During this test, the KPLE-100-009 chip, comprising 5 inlets and 5 outlets, with an electrophoresis chamber height h of 100 µm, was connected to flow meters at each inlet.The inlets E(1) and E(5) were each supplied with an electrolytic solution for the anode and cathode respectively. The two electrolytic solutions for the cathode and anode respectively are of the same composition. The liquid electrolytic solution has the following composition: 10mM HEPES, 0.2% (m / v) HPMC, 0.1% (m / v) Tween 20, 40% methanol and 1.5M KCL. The flow rate was set at 20 µL / min. These electrolytic solutions had a pH = 7.49 (which was adjusted by a NaOH solution) and a conductivity = 92.33 mS / cm. The electric field is generated by the electrolytic solutions in the electrophoresis chamber, coming from solutions containing the carbon electrodes, anode and cathode respectively. The central inlet E(3) was supplied with the sample to be purified, namely a mixture of the 3 dyes: fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G.The sample to be purified was composed of 0.175 g / L of fluorescein, 0.176 g / L of Rhodamine 6G and 0.185 g / L of Rhodamine B. The flow rate set for the sample was 10 µL / min throughout the purification. The last two inlets E(2) and E(4) were fed with a buffer solution composed of 10 mM HEPES, 0.2% (w / v) HPMC, 0.1% (w / v) Tween 20 in water, at a flow rate set at 80 µL / min. The buffer solution had a pH = 7.5 (adjusted by a NaOH solution) and a conductivity = 600 µs / cm. The electric field, variable from 0 V to 3000 V, was fixed in these tests at 1500 V. After stabilization of the flows, the products leaving the electrophoresis chamber were collected in tubes and analyzed by HPLC in order to determine the percentage of each compound at each exit.Figure 12 is a photograph taken of the device during electrophoresis made possible by the use of transparent sapphire plates and colored products to be separated. Hydrodynamic monitoring was carried out to show that there was no migration towards the liquid electrodes of any compound in the sample. Thus, only the outlets of the electrophoresis chamber S(2), S(3) and S(4) were analyzed by HPLC. Results Figure 12 shows an electrophoretic migration of fluorescein, in yellow, towards the liquid cathode, arriving at outlet S(2). Rhodamine B, with a low charge, is not influenced during electrophoresis and exits at outlet S(3). Rhodamine 6G (PZ = +36.2 mV) migrates towards the liquid anode and exits at outlet S(4). The HPLC spectra of the products exiting at outlets S(2), S(3) and S(4) are shown in Figure 13.The results of the HPLC analysis for this test carried out at 1500 V confirm the presence of fluorescein at the S(2) outlet, mainly rhodamine B at the S(3) outlet and rhodamine 6G at the S(4) outlet. The calculated percentage of fluorescein migrated is estimated at 92.98% towards the S(2) outlet, while Rhodamine 6G migrates at 62.75% towards the S(4) outlet. Test 8 The main characteristics of test 8 are as follows: - Chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets - h = 100 µm, - V = 2500 V - Flow rate (µl / min): Sample / Buffer / Electrode: 10 / 100 / 20 A separation test was set up with a second device which has 5 inlets and 7 outlets, the KPLE-100-008 chip, with an electrophoresis chamber height h of 100 µm.The setup of the inlet solutions was identical to that of test 7, but the separation process of this test is distinguished by the flow rate of the sample, the buffer solution and the electrodes, respectively in µL / min of 10 / 100 / 20 and by the applied electric field voltage, set at 2500 V in test 8. Thus during this test, the KPLE-100-008 chip was connected to flow meters. The inputs E(1) and E(5) were each supplied with an electrolytic solution respectively for the anode and the cathode. The two electrolytic solutions respectively for the cathode and the anode are of the same composition. The liquid electrolytic solution had the following composition: 10mM HEPES, 0.2% (w / v) HPMC, 0.1% (w / v) Tween 20, 40% methanol and 1.5M KCL. The flow rate was set at 20 µL / min. These electrolytic solutions had a pH = 7.49 (which was adjusted by a NaOH solution) and a conductivity = 92.33 mS / cm.The electric field is generated by the electrolytic solutions in the electrophoresis chamber, originating from solutions containing respectively the carbon electrodes, anode and cathode. The central inlet E(3) was fed with the sample to be purified, composed of 0.175 g / L of fluorescein, 0.176 g / L of Rhodamine 6G and 0.185 g / L of Rhodamine B. The flow rate set for the sample was 10 µL / min throughout the purification. The last two inlets E(2) and E(4) were fed with a buffer solution composed of 10 mM HEPES, 0.2% (w / v) HPMC, 0.1% (w / v) Tween 20 in water, at a flow rate set at 100 µL / min. The buffer solution had a pH of 7.5 (adjusted with NaOH solution) and a conductivity of 600 µS / cm. The electric field was set at 2500 V in this test.After stabilization of the flows, the products at the outlet of the electrophoresis chamber were collected in tubes and analyzed by HPLC in order to determine the percentage of each compound at each outlet. Figure 14 is a photograph taken of the device during electrophoresis made possible by the use of transparent sapphire plates and colored products to be separated. Hydrodynamic monitoring was carried out to show that there was no migration towards the liquid electrodes of any compound in the sample. Thus, only the outlets of the electrophoresis chamber S(2) to S(6) were analyzed by HPLC. Results Figure 14 shows an electrophoretic migration of fluorescein, in yellow, towards the liquid cathode, arriving at outlet S(2). Rhodamine B was not influenced by the presence of the electric field during electrophoresis and exited at S(4), the outlet facing the inlet E(3).Rhodamine 6G migrated toward the liquid anode, with less displacement than fluorescein, and exited at S(5). The HPLC spectra of the products exiting at outlets S(2) to S(6) are shown in Figure 15. The HPLC analysis results for run 8 at 2500 V confirm the presence of fluorescein at outlets S(2) and S(3), mainly at outlet S(2), with no signal from rhodamines B and 6G. The spectrum of the product from S(4) shows mainly rhodamine B. The spectrum of the product from S(5) shows mainly rhodamine 6G, with no rhodamine B in the product. At 2500 V, fluorescein was 100% purified and was recovered toward outlets S(2) and S(3). Rhodamine B showed no migration while rhodamine 6G showed a partial migration of the order of 83.49% towards the S(5) outlet. Test 9.The main characteristics of test 9 are as follows: - Chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets - h = 1 mm - V= 2000 V - Flow rate (µl / min): Sample / Buffer / Electrode: 10 / 600 / 10 Separation test 9 was set up with a third device comprising 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with in particular a height of the electrophoresis chamber h of 1 mm. The installation of the inlet solutions was identical to that of tests 7 and 8, but the separation process of test 9 is distinguished by the volume of the electrophoresis chamber having a height of 1 mm and by the flow rate of the sample, the buffer solution and the electrodes, respectively in µL / min of 10 / 600 / 10 and by the voltage of the applied electric field, fixed at 2000 V. Figure 16 is a photograph taken of the device during electrophoresis.Figure 16 shows in a 1 mm high electrophoresis chamber, an electrophoretic migration of the charged species, fluorescein, in yellow, migrating towards the cathode and rhodamine 6G migrating towards the anode. Rhodamine B was not influenced by the presence of the electric field during electrophoresis and exited at S(4), namely the exit facing the entrance E(3). Under the conditions set up in this test, the electrophoretic migrations of fluorescein and rhodamine 6G were less significant compared to previous tests, so that fluorescein arrives between exits S(3) and S(4) and rhodamine 6G between exits S(4) and S(5).Test 10 The characteristics of test 10 are as follows: - chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets - h = 1mm - V= 3000 V - Flow rate (µl / min): Sample / Buffer / Electrode: 20 / 3000 / 50 Separation test 10 was set up with another device comprising 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with an electrophoresis chamber height h of 1 mm. The installation of the inlet solutions was identical to that of test 9, but the separation process of this test 10 is distinguished by the flow rate of the sample, the buffer solution and the electrodes, respectively in µL / min of 20 / 3000 / 50 and by the applied electric field voltage, fixed at 3000 V. Figure 17 is a photograph taken of the device during electrophoresis. Figure 17 confirms electrophoretic migration of charged species in a device comprising a 1 mm high electrophoresis chamber.Under the conditions set up in this test 10, by increasing the electric field voltage and the flow rates compared to test 9, the electrophoretic migrations of fluorescein and rhodamine 6G were greater than those observed in test 9, so that fluorescein arrives at outlet S(3) and the main flow of rhodamine 6G arrives at outlet S(5). It was thus possible to vary the experimental conditions in order to optimize the separation of the products. Test 11 The main characteristics of test 11 are as follows: - chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets - h = 2 mm - V= 2000 V - Flow rate (µl / min): Sample / Buffer / Electrode: 20 / 3000 / 50 A device, similar to that used in test 9, but with a height of 2 mm for the electrophoresis chamber was used.The setup of the inlet solutions was identical to that of test 9, but the separation process of this test 11 is distinguished by the flow rate of the sample, the buffer solution and the electrodes, respectively in µL / min of 20 / 3000 / 50 and by the voltage of the applied electric field, fixed at 3000 V, conditions identical to test 11. Figure 18 is a photograph taken of the device during electrophoresis. Figure 18 shows a separation of the product flows and confirms an electrophoretic migration of the charged species in a device comprising a 2 mm high electrophoresis chamber. Example 4: Separation of an ATP / AMP mixture Separation tests of a mixture of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) were carried out. The structures of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) are shown below. Tests 12 to 14 were carried out with a KPLE-100-008 electrophoresis chip, with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, and an electrophoresis chamber thickness of 100 µm. Table 6 below shows the compositions of the liquid electrodes and the separation buffer solutions and the sample to be separated that were used. Compounds Liquid electrode Separation buffer Sample HEPES 10 mM 10 mM / HPMC 0.2% 0.2% / Tween 20 0.1% 0.1% / KCl 1.5 M / / 60% water / 40% Solvent 100% water 100% water methanol ATP / / 0.804 g / L AMP / / 0.792 g / L Table 6: Details of the operating conditions of the experiments Table 7 below shows the types of solutions introduced at the inlets of the device and the respective flow rates that were applied.Inlets Composition Flow rates 1 Liquid electrode 25 µL / min 2 Separation buffer 100 µL / min 3 Sample 10 µL / min 4 Separation buffer 100 µL / min 5 Liquid electrode 25 µL / min Table 7: Composition and flow rates of the different chip inlets The liquid electrode flow rates at inlets E(1) and E(5) were 25 µL / min, the sample flow rate at inlet E(3) was 10 µL / min and the buffer flow rates at inlets E(2) and E(4) were 100 µL / min. During the tests, the electrophoresis chip operated continuously throughout the entire experiment after stabilization of the system. Three different tests 12, 13 and 14 were carried out. In these tests, the flow rates at the inlets remained unchanged for all tests. Only the value of the applied electric field was increased from 0 to 3000 V. The tests were carried out at 0 V (test 12), i.e. without an applied electric field, at 1000 V (test 13) and at 2000 V (test 14).The products recovered at the outputs S(1) to S(7) were analyzed by HPLC during the tests. The HPLC spectra of the outputs S(1) to S(7) at 0V of test 12 are reported in Figure 19, those of test 13 at 1000V in Figure 20 and those of test 14 at 2000V in Figure 21. Results At 0V, the entire sample is visible at S(4) corresponding to the central output of the chip, namely the one facing the sample inlet E(3). The system is therefore stable. At 1000V, the entire sample is still visible at S(4), the voltage was not sufficient to allow migration of one of the compounds. The electric field intensity was therefore increased. At 2000 V, a partial migration of ATP (first peak) towards S(3), while AMP shows no migration towards the different exits. Approximately 40% of ATP is diverted towards the S(3) exit. The separation of ATP / AMP biomolecules was therefore verified by these tests, demonstrating proof of concept.In order to increase this migration proportion, the electric field in the chip can be increased. However, optimization of the separation is possible by modulating parameters, such as the composition of the separation buffer (pH, concentration and viscosity), as well as the optimal electric field, and the position of the sample inlet and sample preparation. Example 5: Protein / linker purification In these tests 15, the KPLE-100-009 chip was connected to flow meters. The electrophoresis chamber inlets E(1) and E(5) were supplied by liquid electrodes. The liquid anode and the liquid cathode were of the same composition. The liquid electrode solutions were composed of 10 mM HEPES, 0.2% (w / v) HPMC, 0.1% (w / v) Tween 20, 40% methanol, and 1.5 M KCL, and were introduced at a fixed flow rate of 20 µL / min. The electric field was generated in the liquid electrode container using a carbon electrode.These liquid electrodes used had a pH = 7.5 (adjusted by a NaOH solution) and a conductivity = 86.66 mS / cm. The central inlet E(3) was fed with the sample to be purified, i.e. a reaction mixture resulting from the reaction of a protein and a linker. The flow rate in E(3) for the sample was fixed at 10 µL / min throughout the purification. For the last two inlets E(2) and E(4), a buffer solution (TS), composed of 10 mM HEPES, 0.2% (w / v) HPMC, 0.1% (w / v) Tween 20 in water, was introduced at a flow rate fixed at 80 µL / min. The separation buffer had a pH equal to 7.5 (adjusted by a NaOH solution). The applied electric field was 1500 V. After stabilization of the flows, the products at the outlet of the electrophoresis chip were collected in tubes in order to analyze them by HPLC and to determine the percentage of each compound at each outlet.The hydrodynamic monitoring carried out shows that there is no migration towards the liquid electrodes of any element of the system. Only the outlets of the electrophoresis chamber, i.e. outlets S(2) to S(4) were analyzed. The diagram in Figure 22 represents the migration of the species according to the HPLC analysis. The HPLC spectra of the products at outlets S(3) and S(4) are represented respectively in Figures 23 and 24. The analyses show that 80% of the linker is diverted towards another outlet than the majority of the protein, only 10.43% of the protein is diverted towards the same outlet as the linker.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A free-flow electrophoresis microcell device comprising a vertical succession of plates X, Y, Z whose surfaces are stacked according to the sequence YZY(XYZY)p, in which X represents an electrophoresis plate (1) made of inert material, Y represents a sealed plate (2) made of sapphire or alumina Al2O3 containing 99% α-Al2O3, Z represents a cooling plate (3) comprising a heat transfer system (4), p, an integer from 1 to 100, represents both the number of stages of said device and the number of plates X, each stage (5) being defined: - by the following sequence of plates YZYXYZY, in which: - the plate X is located between two plates Y, - each of the two plates Z being respectively adjacent to a plate Y, - and each of the two plates Y located at the ends of the sequence YZYXYZY, respectively covers a plate Z so that each plate Z is located between two Y plates,said device further comprising means for clamping all the plates allowing the sealing of said device, said device being such that each plate X comprises: a number i of electrophoresis chamber(s) (Fi), i being an integer from 1 to 100, in particular 50, preferably 10, each electrophoresis chamber (6) comprising: o a hollowed-out part ^ in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with 4 lateral faces (a, b, c, d) and 2 upper and lower faces (e, f), ^ said hollowed-out part being of length Loe and width Lae, ^ of height h corresponding to the thickness of the electrophoresis plate X, from 25 µm to 20 mm, in particular from 50 µm to 200 µm or from 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm, ^ the lateral faces (a, b) being parallel to each other, the face (a) being delimited by two edges (A1, A2) of dimension Lae and the face (b) being delimited by two edges (B1, B2) of dimension Lae, ^ the lateral faces (c, d) being parallel to each other,the face (c) being delimited by two edges (C1, C2) of dimension Loe and the face (d) being delimited by two edges (D1, D2) of dimension Loe, on successive inlets E(1), E(2) to E(n-1), En, n being an integer from 4 to 9, preferably 5 or 6, distributed on the face (a) between A1 and A2 and aligned in a direction parallel to A1 and A2, on successive outlets of S(1), S(2) to S(m-1), S(m), m being an integer from 4 to 12, preferably 5 or 7, distributed on the face (b) between B1 and B2 and aligned in a direction parallel to B1 and B2, so that S(1) faces E(1) and S(m) faces E(n) in a direction parallel to C1 and D1, said plates Y ensuring the sealing of the electrophoresis chamber, said chambers (Fi) being arranged so that the edges C1 of each hollowed-out part are parallel to each other, said device comprising: - supply channels configured to connect the E(1) inputs of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit supplying a liquid cathode,- supply channels configured to connect the inlets E(n) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for supplying a liquid anode, - supply channels configured to connect at least one of the inlets E(2) to E(n- 1) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for supplying an initial solution containing a product to be purified and / or separated, - supply channels configured to connect the other remaining inlets of each electrophoresis chamber to micro / millifluidic circuits for supplying at least one buffer solution, - recovery channels configured to connect each of the outlets S(1) to S(m) of each electrophoresis chamber to micro / millifluidic recovery circuits, said device being configured to, in the presence of an electric field generated between the liquid cathode and the liquid anode parallel to A1 and perpendicular to C1,and in operation - circulating the liquid cathode from the inlet E(1) to the outlet S(1), - circulating the liquid anode from the inlet E(n) to the outlet S(m), - circulating in the electrophoresis chamber (Fi), between the liquid cathode and the liquid anode, from the inlets E(2) to E(n-1) to the outlets S(2) to S(m-1), the solution containing the product to be separated and / or purified and at least one buffer solution, - recovering at one of the outlets S(2) to S(m-1) of each electrophoresis chamber in a recovery circuit the purified and / or separated product contained in said initial solution.

2. Device according to claim 1, comprising recovery channels configured to connect: - the outlet S(1) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the liquid cathode, - the outlet S(m) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the liquid anode, - one of the outlets S(2) to S(m-1) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the purified and / or separated product contained in said initial solution - the other remaining outlets of each electrophoresis chamber to at least one micro / millifluidic circuit for recovering the at least one buffer solution. 3.Device according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein p is equal to 1 and i is equal to 1, comprising a single electrophoresis plate having a single electrophoresis chamber, in particular with a height h of 25 to 200 µm or 1.0 to 5.0 mm.

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein p is equal to 1 and i varies from 2 to 10, comprising a single electrophoresis plate X having from 2 to 10 electrophoresis chambers, preferably 10 electrophoresis chambers.

5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 2, in which p varies from 2 to 10 and i varies from 2 to 10, comprising from 2 to 10 X electrophoresis plates and each X electrophoresis plate comprising from 2 to 10 electrophoresis chambers, in particular p is equal to 10 and i is equal to 10. 6.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 650 µm to 20 mm, in particular from 650 µm to 10.0 mm, preferably from 650 to 5.0 mm, preferably from 650 µm to 2.0 mm, or wherein the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 25 µm to 200 µm or from 1.0 to 5.0 mm.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electrophoresis chambers of each X-plate are adjacent to each other by the faces (c) or (d) of each recessed portion and / or wherein the width Lae of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber is 1.0 to 8.0 cm, preferably 1.0 to 5.0 cm, and / or wherein the length Loe of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber is 5.0 to 20.0 cm, preferably 5.0 to 15.0 cm.

8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the X-electrophoresis plates are made of a material selected from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfloroalkoxy (PFA) and fluoroethylene propylene (FEP), in particular Teflon plates TM , Teflon TM -PFA and Teflon TM-FEP.

9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in each electrophoresis plate X a part of said plate is configured to leave room for a fluid circuit of supply and recovery channels, which is partially or totally etched, cut or drilled in the plate X.

10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the plates X, Y, Z are rectangular parallelepipeds and have a width La and a length Lo, in which La and Lo vary from 2.0 to 50.0 cm, and in which the plates Y have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm, and in which the cooling plates Z have a thickness of 1.0 to 10.0 mm, in particular 1.0 to 5.0 mm.

11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, in which the electrophoresis chambers comprise channeling means opening onto the inlets and / or onto the outlets, preferably etched in the electrophoresis plate X. 12.Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, in which each electrophoresis chamber is configured to each contain at least one membrane of selective permeability, preferably selective in size, positioned so as to be crossed by the solution containing the product to be separated or purified during operation of the device. and / or wherein the upper face and / or the lower face of each of the electrophoresis chambers comprises protrusions configured so as not to disturb, during operation of the device, the circulation in the chamber of the product to be purified and / or separated, and configured to improve heat transfer and to maintain the electrophoresis chambers at a selected temperature, in particular wherein said protrusions are made of thermally conductive materials, preferably sapphire or 99% α-Al2O3 alumina. 13.Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein said heat transfer system (4) is a pipe network configured to allow the circulation of one or more heat transfer fluids, said network being placed in direct contact with a portion of the plates Y adjacent to Z, said portion being thermally connected to the electrophoresis chambers, in order to allow the temperature in said electrophoresis chambers to be controlled, in particular wherein said pipe network of the heat transfer system is configured to generate a temperature gradient in each of the electrophoresis chambers, preferably wherein said pipe network of the heat transfer system comprises, for each of the electrophoresis chambers, channels parallel to the edge C1, said channels being able to contain heat transfer fluids of different temperatures in order to generate said temperature gradient. 14.Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the clamping means for ensuring the sealing of said device comprise two external clamping plates enclosing said device, said means being removable, in particular plate by plate.

15. Method for purifying and / or separating by free-flow electrophoresis a product contained in a solution by using an electrophoresis microcell device according to one of claims 1 to 14, and comprising the following steps: - connecting the supply channels of said device to the supply circuits of the liquid cathode, the liquid anode, an initial solution containing a product to be purified and / or separated, and at least one buffer solution, said channels and circuits being controlled by a central unit (UC1) - connecting the cooling systems to a cooling circuit, controlled by a central unit (UC2). - generate an electric field along the edges A1, via the liquid anode and the liquid cathode, - generate a fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, by the central unit (UC1), so as to: o circulate a liquid cathode from the inlet E(1) to the outlet S(1), o circulate a liquid anode from the inlet E(n) to the outlet E(m), o circulate in the electrophoresis chamber, between the liquid cathode and the liquid anode, the initial solution containing the product to be purified and / or separated and said at least one buffer solution, from the inlets E(2) to E(n-1) to the outlets S(2) and S(m-1), - select and recover in at least one of the outlets S(2) to S(m-1), of each of the electrophoresis chambers of said device, the separated or purified product.Method according to claim 15, wherein said method is carried out under continuous flow of the initial solution containing the product to be purified and / or separated, in particular at a flow rate of 1 to 5 L / hour, in particular said device comprising 100 electrophoresis chambers, preferably in operation 300 days / year.

17. Method according to one of claims 15 to 16, wherein the liquid cathode and the liquid anode are electrolytic solutions of the same composition. 18.Method according to one of claims 15 to 17, wherein said fluid circulation of the liquid cathode in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 10,000 µL / min, and / or wherein said fluid circulation of the liquid anode in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 10,000 µL / min, and / or wherein said fluid circulation of the solution to be purified and / or separated in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 30,000 µL / min, and / or wherein said fluid circulation of the buffer solution in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 50,000 µL / min.

19. Method according to one of claims 15 to 17. wherein said device comprises at least 100 electrophoresis chambers positioned in parallel, and / or wherein said device comprises in each electrophoresis chamber at least one size-selective membrane, configured to separate the product to be purified and / or separated from the initial solution during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, and / or wherein during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a pH variation along the edge A1 in each electrophoresis chamber is generated, using at least two buffers of different pH, and / or wherein during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a temperature gradient along the edge A1 of the recessed portion is applied in each electrophoresis chamber. 20.

21. Method according to one of claims 15 to 19, wherein during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a homogeneous temperature, in particular from 10°C to 40°C, is applied in each of the electrophoresis chambers, and / or wherein, during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, the electric field generated is from 200V to 4000V.

22. Method according to one of claims 15 to 20, implemented to purify and / or separate a protein or implemented to purify and / or separate isomers, in particular enantiomers.Method for developing an industrial device for purifying and / or separating a solution comprising the product to be purified and / or separated by electrophoresis comprising the following steps: a) a first study step implementing a device according to claim 3 comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, in particular the height h of the hollowed-out part of which is 25 to 200 µm or 1.0 to 2.0 mm, to determine and optimize the fluid circulation of the product to be purified and / or separated, b) a second step of setting up said industrial device according to one of claims 4 or 5 comprising 10 to 100 electrophoresis chambers.

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