Modular system for reversibly producing an installation, and corresponding installation

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular system for reversibly producing an installation (1) for handling a sample (2), comprising a plurality of functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9), each of which performs a function with respect to the sample (2) and / or interacts with another functional unit (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) with respect to performing a function of the other functional unit (3, 4, 5, 8, 9). Some of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) can be reversibly interconnected to produce the installation. The invention also relates to a produced installation (1).

Description

[0001] Modular system for the reversible generation of a plant and corresponding plant

[0002] The invention relates to a modular system for the reversible production of a sample treatment system. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding sample treatment system.

[0003] In modern analytical technology, it is well known that samples must be prepared for testing (see, for example, US 2021 / 0362150 A1). This can include, for example, dividing, combining with other samples, adding additional substances, mixing, homogenizing, heating, cooling, pipetting, transferring, magnetic influencing, filtration, cleaning, pH adjustment, and centrifugation. The samples prepared in this way are then subjected to analysis, e.g., using mass spectroscopy or optical methods. The samples can be, for example, blood samples, wastewater samples, air samples, biochemical samples, pharmacological samples, etc. In laboratories, it is usually customary to set up the corresponding equipment next to each other, if possible, so that a laboratory technician can carry out the individual steps according to a corresponding protocol.However, this means that changes in the process cannot be responded to, or can only be responded to with difficulty. Furthermore, the laboratory technician must transport the sample from one functional unit to the next and then execute or start the respective step. Furthermore, manual preparatory or other intermediate steps may be necessary, which can lead to human error. Thus, the automation that is common today is lacking.

[0004] The object underlying the invention is therefore to offer greater flexibility and the possibility of automation for the treatment or examination of samples.

[0005] The invention solves the problem by a system with which a system for treating a sample can be created, as well as by a corresponding system itself.

[0006] The invention solves the problem by means of a modular system for the reversible production of a system (an alternative term is: device, whereby the term used may also depend on the size of the system or device) for treating a sample, having a plurality of functional units, wherein the functional units are designed such that the functional units each fulfill at least one function with respect to the sample and / or interact with another functional unit with respect to fulfilling at least one function of the other functional unit, and wherein a part of the functional units is designed such that the functional units of the part of the functional units for producing the system can be reversibly connected to one another.

[0007] The invention relates to a system (an alternative term is "modular system") that allows the creation of a system for treating a sample. Depending on the design, the treatment comprises a direct effect on the sample, e.g., dilution or tempering, and / or the analysis itself. Alternatively, the term "system" can also be used for "device." This depends on the size of the "system" or the variety of functions it performs. Depending on the situation, approval issues may also be relevant. Therefore, "system" and "device" are essentially synonymous within the scope of the invention.

[0008] The system comprises several functional units, each of which fulfills at least one function in relation to the sample or supports other functional units in their functions. One function is, for example, tempering or shaking the sample. For this, the associated functional unit would be a heat source. Support can, for example, consist of a functional unit being designed as a base unit that allows a transport unit (alternatively called a carrier) to move over it with the sample. Parts of the overall group of the functional group - and thus subgroups or partial groups of the overall group - sometimes differ from one another in their properties or functions. Individual functional units can also fulfill multiple functions and thus belong to different subgroups.For example, the ground units can also perform the functions of energy charging, data reading, or display. The sizes of the groups can range from one functional unit to all functional units.

[0009] The transport units described here and below serve, within the modular system environment, to ensure that the steps of the sample treatment protocol are carried out automatically and without, or with significantly less, human intervention. In some configurations, the transport units can also be used for measuring or treating the samples themselves. In addition to pure transport, other functions can also be added.

[0010] Some of the system's functional units can be reversibly connected to create a system for sample treatment. This reversibility allows individual functional units to be exchanged and replaced with others. This also makes it possible to create a system for a different sample treatment protocol. Even slightly defective functional units can be replaced. Replacement is also easy to implement, allowing for compliance with service intervals for the functional units. The type of connection can involve a direct coupling of the functional units, but can also involve the integration of one functional unit into another.

[0011] The modularity and reversible connection mean that changes to the system structure can be made flexibly and that it is easier to take a step towards automation.

[0012] Examples of functional units or functions to be implemented are: pipetting head; reader; magnetic stations; storage systems; washers; pump modules; heaters; coolers; shakers; thermocyclers; dispensers; waste management; consumables manufacturing units;

[0013] Samplers; sample collectors; autosamplers; robots; carriers; compressors; sealers; peelers; piercers; scales; incubators; centrifuges; vacuum stations; labelers; 3D printers;

[0014] Microscopes; decontamination; lighting equipment; radiation generators;

[0015] Cleaning facility (car wash); charging stations for a carrier (e.g., via inductive charging); "energy stations" with the option of using multiple circuits to ensure reliability, if necessary, with distribution across different functional units: Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) modules as fail-safe for system operation for a specified period of time;

[0016] Communication modules (e.g., for communication via WLAN, Bluetooth, etc.); implementation of secure and, if necessary, redundant communication between individual functional units; communication units for communication with external units (possibly protected against eavesdropping or manipulation) (possibly as part of the communication with the manufacturer); monitor modules (with or without touch function; with or without input capability);

[0017] Monitor modules with a removable display unit and / or charging unit such as a battery; control modules for selecting and / or starting workflows directly on the system; modules for attaching and / or operating an exhaust air system.

[0018] Functional units can also be combined or serve different purposes. This can allow, for example, the subsequent processing of different treatments of a sample in the same location. For example, a magnetic adapter is inserted as a first functional unit into a temperature control device as a second functional unit. The complex then rotates to achieve a centrifugation effect.

[0019] In one embodiment, at least one group of functional units fulfills more than one function. In one embodiment, this refers in particular to functions that can be technically implemented together and / or to functions that are necessary and combinable for the application implemented. Such combined functions include, for example, the application of a magnetic field to the sample vessel and the simultaneous removal of the liquid portions of the sample. A functional unit can also be, for example, a transport unit for a sample and for treatment materials required for the sample treatment. A functional unit can also be, for example, a component that gives the system the necessary shape and form.

[0020] In one embodiment, at least one transport unit serves as a mobile energy source, which can supply individual functional units with energy. In this embodiment, the transport unit has, for example, a rechargeable battery. If the transport unit moves to a functional unit that requires energy, e.g., in electrical form, the functional unit can be charged accordingly. Thus, in this embodiment, the transport unit functions, for example, like a tanker truck.

[0021] The following embodiments refer to parts or subgroups of the existing functional units, each of which differs from one another in at least one property. The parts or subgroups may partially overlap, may be identical, or may be disjoint.

[0022] One embodiment of the system consists in that some of the functional units are designed in such a way that the functional units of the part of the functional units are movable relative to one another within the created system. In this embodiment, the functional units do not have fixed locations, but are movable relative to one another. Thus, in one embodiment, it is provided that a functional unit moves within the system and in doing so transports something, e.g. the sample. Alternatively or additionally, a functional unit can be moved to another location in the system, e.g. next to another functional unit, by a movement unit, which is also designed accordingly as a functional unit. This makes it possible, for example, to avoid the sample having to be moved over long distances. For example,If a functional unit is responsible for temperature control of the sample, it makes more sense for subsequent functional units to be located as close as possible to the temperature control unit. The mobility is also a result of the reversible connection or reversible arrangement of the functional units relative to one another.

[0023] One design of the system provides that some of the functional units each have an essentially common footprint. In this design, at least some of the functional units have more or less the same footprint. Therefore, this subgroup of functional units shares a predetermined footprint as an extension in the plane. The common footprint is therefore common to these special functional units. This simplifies the exchange of different functional units, as geometric considerations regarding positioning are largely not necessary. One only needs to pay attention to, for example, the transport routes or how the individual functional units interact with one another or that they require a certain distance from one another, for example. The functional units in this design can also be referred to as tiles.

[0024] The functional units are preferably designed so that they are easy to connect to one another and preferably have a geometry that is easy to combine. Therefore, one embodiment provides for the functional units to each have a square base area. In another embodiment, for example, a base area in the shape of an octagon is specified. In general, another embodiment generally provides for the base area—or more precisely, the area effectively used for the floor—to have the shape of an integer multiple of a tetragon. In general, there are no restrictions on the dimensions or geometries of the functional units.

[0025] In one embodiment, the base areas of some functional units are related in such a way that they are integer multiples of each other. Thus, if one functional unit has a certain base area in this embodiment, the base area of ​​another, larger functional unit is an integer multiple of that.

[0026] In one embodiment, some of the functional units are designed so that any combination is possible in all three spatial directions. This applies not only to arrangements side by side, but also stacked.

[0027] The basic shapes were based on the shape of sample carriers used in the facility. In one design, the sample carriers have a rectangular footprint according to the SLAS standard (ANSI SLAS 1-2004 (R2012)).

[0028] In a further embodiment, the functional units have an area corresponding to an equilateral triangle. Alternatively or additionally, the base area is trapezoidal or in the shape of a parallelogram, which can be filled with equilateral triangles.

[0029] In one embodiment, larger functional units are also present, whose footprint is preferably an integer multiple of the footprint of the other functional units. In a further embodiment, other functional units have different, e.g., larger or smaller footprints.

[0030] One embodiment of the system consists in that some of the functional units each have at least one data interface, and that the data interfaces are used for data communication between the functional units of the part of the functional units. In this embodiment, the functional units are able to exchange data with each other and thus communicate. Therefore, in one embodiment, it is possible for the functional units - e.g. through the use of a data memory - to recognize which other functional units they are connected to. In one embodiment, they use this information to adapt the performance of their own function. In an alternative or supplementary embodiment, they report this information, for example, to a central unit that is assigned to the system. The data interfaces also allow, for example, the exchange of status data of the respective functional units, i.e. whether they, for example,whether they are currently performing a function, or whether they are, for example, in operating, idle, or error mode, or whether they are currently occupied by a transport unit. In one embodiment, the data interface—if necessary in conjunction with a suitably designed functional unit—can be used to record operating hours, for example, to comply with maintenance intervals. The same applies to recording the quantity of consumables.

[0031] One embodiment of the system provides that a portion of the functional units each has at least one power interface, and that the power interfaces serve to transfer power between the functional units of the portion of functional units. This embodiment represents an alternative or supplement to the individual power supply of the functional units, e.g., via cables. This occurs when the functional units provide each other with power, which they receive, for example, from a central power supply point.

[0032] In one embodiment, the data and / or energy interfaces are designed such that communication takes place between the functional units with reduced, preferably minimized, energy consumption of the communication and / or operation of the affected functional units.

[0033] One embodiment of the system is that the data interfaces and / or the power interfaces are designed redundantly. In this embodiment, the functional units have multiple data and / or power interfaces, for example, to enable switching to an alternative path in the event of a fault in a subsequent or preceding functional unit. The redundancy thus allows functional units to be bridged. This prevents a fault in one functional unit from causing a power or data supply failure. This is in the sense of implementing a UPS (uninterruptible power supply).

[0034] In one embodiment, the functional units are therefore at least partially designed such that, in the event of a fault in a functional unit, which they detect automatically in another embodiment, they identify and use an alternative path. In another embodiment, there is also an interface between the functional units with respect to media, e.g., oxygen or water.

[0035] One embodiment of the system provides that at least one functional unit is designed as a transport unit for transporting the samples and / or treatment materials and / or another functional unit, that some of the functional units are designed as floor units, and that the floor units and the transport unit are designed and coordinated with one another such that the transport unit moves along the floor units in the created system. In this embodiment, the sample or treatment materials (e.g., substances to be introduced into the sample, pipettes, other consumables, etc.) or a - preferably correspondingly lightweight - functional unit is transported through the system by a transport unit moving over floor units.The two types of functional units involved in this design thus have, on the one hand, the function of transporting something and, on the other hand, the function of providing the transport route for another functional unit - i.e. the transport unit.

[0036] If several transport units are available, one design provides for the transport units to be able to transport each other, e.g. in the event of damage.

[0037] In one embodiment, a functional unit is designed for centrally storing the existing transport units. From this central collection point for the transport units, which acts as a kind of garage, the transport units are then distributed appropriately. This garage preferably has monitoring and / or control functions for the transport units.

[0038] The aforementioned ground units can be located on the same level, but they can also be located on different levels. Accordingly, the transport unit performs movements only in one plane or also in the third dimension. For transfers between different levels, a functional unit such as a lift is designed.

[0039] The following designs of the transport unit also partly refer to functional units that are movable within the system, but are not necessarily designed for a transport function.

[0040] In one embodiment, the transport unit is designed to move passively, i.e., it is moved by another component or, for example, a functional unit. Alternatively, the transport unit is capable of active movement. For this purpose, the transport unit has, for example, a motor and / or its own energy source, e.g., in the form of an accumulator, battery, fuel cell, capacitor, or mechanical energy storage devices such as spring energy storage devices or rotating masses (flywheel).

[0041] To receive, generate, or possibly release energy, the transport unit in one embodiment has an energy transmission device, e.g., for the inductive or contact-based (e.g., via a plug) transmission of electrical energy. Alternatively or additionally, a current collector or a sliding contact is provided. Alternatively or additionally, means for energy harvesting are provided, which can be solar cells.

[0042] In order to move - especially in a horizontal direction - the transport unit has, for example, wheels, tires, rollers, balls, chains or components for the implementation of magnetic levitation technology or by means of air cushions.

[0043] In one embodiment, the transport unit has sensors designed to support the transport unit in its movements and / or perform additional measuring tasks. Depending on the design, the sensors allow the detection of position, temperature, vibration, acceleration, or pressure. Additionally or alternatively, the sensors are based on the measurement of pressure, IR light, UV light, ultrasonic waves, odor, acoustic signals, or apply measurement principles using laser light, time-of-flight measurements, optical sensors (e.g., color sensors), light-dark sensors, metal detectors, or induction sensors. Alternatively or additionally, the transport unit has an aerosol and / or sample collection device.

[0044] In one embodiment, the transport unit can also have a storage facility for the sample or multiple samples. Furthermore, the transport unit can be designed such that the sample or samples, if applicable, are not subject to any external influences such as temperature, light, pressure, etc., during transport or storage, thus ensuring that the sample or samples are appropriately protected.

[0045] In one embodiment, the sensor technology allows the orientation of the samples to the

[0046] to recognize transport units. Based on the knowledge of the orientation, the transport unit changes its orientation or moves towards a functional unit in such a way that the orientation suitable for sampling is achieved by the functional unit. This design takes into account the fact that there are functional units that can only accept or process samples with a specific orientation. This is due, for example, to a device for picking up the sample. Therefore, the transport unit has sensors that allow it to recognize the orientation of the sample it is transporting. Using this knowledge, it changes the orientation of the sample to an orientation required by the functional unit. Alternatively, it moves the sample towards the functional unit in such a way that the required orientation is achieved. The second variant requires that the transport unit can perform suitable movements on the ground units.

[0047] In one embodiment, the transport unit has means for displaying its status. In one embodiment, this means is an LED display that uses color (e.g., red, green, or yellow) to indicate the current state of the transport unit. For example, red indicates an error, yellow indicates waiting for a task (e.g., picking up a sample to be taken to a functional unit), and green indicates a transport currently being performed.

[0048] The transport unit or the functional unit which is movable within the system, as already stated, has a data storage device, a data processing device, a device for automatic navigation and / or a device (e.g. in the form of an antenna) for receiving control data for the movements.

[0049] In one design, a multi-part design is provided, so that, for example, with a constant chassis, different attachments can be used for different room areas (e.g. medical / clean room version).

[0050] One embodiment of the system consists in the ground units being designed in such a way that the ground units emit steering signals, and in the transport unit being designed in such a way that the transport unit receives the steering signals, buffers them if necessary, and moves along the ground units based on the received steering signals. In this embodiment, the ground provides the transport unit with the movement data so that the transport unit moves in the correct direction. The steering signals can be optical in nature, for example, with the ground units having LED display units and the transport unit having a camera. More complex instructions can be transmitted via a QR code, for example. The steering signals also allow a type of dry run, for example, in which only the signals are emitted, so that, for example, an observer can determine whether the displayed paths are the correct ones.

[0051] Therefore, one embodiment provides that the steering signals are issued during operation of the system or during a control of a process of operation of the system.

[0052] One embodiment of the system provides that a subset of functional units is configured such that the functional units of the subset of functional units identify other functional units and / or the status of other functional units. In this embodiment, the functional units are equipped with intelligence, for example, so that they can retrieve and / or at least evaluate data relating to other functional units.

[0053] Accordingly, according to a further embodiment, some of the functional units are capable of transmitting data about their properties and / or their status. Depending on their characteristics, the functional units can thus recognize which other functional units they are coupled to and / or the status of the other functional units. The status can be, for example, functional, error state, in operation, or waiting.

[0054] One embodiment of the system is that a portion of the functional units is designed in such a way that the functional units of the portion of the functional units automatically align themselves relative to one another during the production of the system. In this embodiment, the functional units are able to find and assume their optimal position relative to one another. This can be achieved, for example, via a corresponding bearing or sliding system. Therefore, it is sufficient, for example, during the production of the system, for the functional units to be brought sufficiently close to one another. This simplifies assembly.

[0055] In one embodiment, some of the functional units have floor or track sections over which the sample can be guided. Therefore, the functional units are designed to position the floor sections relative to each other in such a way that the samples can easily be transferred from one functional unit to another.

[0056] One embodiment of the system provides that the system further comprises at least one central unit, and that the central unit is configured such that the central unit in the resulting system supplies the functional units with energy and / or control data and / or receives data from the functional units. In this embodiment, the system has a central unit in which, for example, at least one protocol for sample treatment is stored and which regulates the sequence of steps within the system. Alternatively, it is only a power supply unit, so that the functional units control themselves and each other.

[0057] In an alternative or supplementary embodiment, the central unit serves to store the data that describes the system with its functional units and thus also with regard to the processing of the sample treatment protocol. The central unit thus also performs documentation tasks, for example. In one embodiment, the central unit is also a manifestation of a functional unit. One embodiment of the system consists in the central unit being designed in such a way that, based on data about the functional units present in the created system and based on at least one sample treatment protocol, the central unit generates control data and supplies the functional units with the control data. In this embodiment, the central unit regulates the process in the created system. To do this, it requires data about the existing functional units and about a protocol according to which the samples are to be treated.

[0058] In a further embodiment, the central unit optimizes a protocol with regard to processing time, required consumables, impact on samples, etc. This is done in one embodiment using artificial intelligence.

[0059] In one embodiment, the central unit receives the data about the functional units by storing it in a data storage device during generation. In an alternative embodiment, the functional units communicate their data, e.g., regarding their basic properties or current status, to the central unit. This allows the system to adapt itself and respond more easily to changes, e.g., regarding the existing functional units.

[0060] In one embodiment, the control data is transmitted to the respective functional unit via a wired or wireless communication link. Alternatively, the fact that the functional units communicate with each other is exploited, so that the transmission takes place indirectly via the respective intermediary functional units.

[0061] One embodiment of the system provides that at least one functional unit is designed as a storage unit for storing samples and / or treatment materials (e.g. used and / or unused consumables), and that the central unit stores treatment materials in the storage unit and / or retrieves them from the storage unit based on data about sample treatments already carried out in the created system. In this embodiment, one functional unit is designed as a storage unit in which samples and / or treatment materials can be stored. In one embodiment, previously used treatment materials and / or samples are sealed in the storage unit. The central unit is designed in such a way that it has access to data describing which samples have been treated in the system and how. Based on this historical data, the central unit feeds the storage unit orhas samples and / or treatment materials taken.

[0062] Depending on the design, it is possible for functional units within the system itself to exchange treatment materials, sample carriers, samples, or functional units between storage unit(s) and transport unit(s). Alternatively or additionally, it is possible for operating personnel, e.g., laboratory technicians or external robots not belonging to the system itself, to manually intervene in the system. Different access areas or openings may be provided for this purpose. Depending on the design, there is either a "single entry point" for samples, consumables, etc., or there are multiple interfaces for the exchange of objects such as samples, etc. between the system and the outside world.

[0063] In one embodiment, the storage unit automatically optimizes the required height of the storage locations based on information about the sample or treatment material. This is achieved, for example, by connecting the storage locations via a height-adjustable support. For example, the storage locations are attached to telescopic rods.

[0064] The aforementioned inventory management is expanded in one embodiment to enable the central unit to detect whether sufficient treatment materials are available or whether additional samples can be treated. If a current or impending shortage is detected, the central unit will initiate the appropriate supply.

[0065] In one embodiment, the storage unit is designed in the manner of a paternoster, which allows movements between several levels of the system or device in order to provide components stored therein.

[0066] One embodiment of the system consists in that at least one functional unit is designed as a structural device, and that the structural device and some of the functional units are designed and coordinated with one another in such a way that the functional units of the part of the functional units for generating the system can be introduced into the structural device and / or fastened in the structural device. In this embodiment, a functional unit serves the function of accommodating the other functional units or, for example, providing a common frame. This is therefore also an example of a functional unit supporting other functional units in performing their functions.

[0067] In a further embodiment, the structural device also serves to externally protect the functional units or the samples, for example, by being designed as a type of shell.

[0068] One embodiment of the system provides for the structural device to be designed as a cabinet. In this embodiment, the structural device is designed, for example, in the manner of a control cabinet. Samples and / or functional units and / or treatment materials can be introduced via preferably at least one opening. In one embodiment, a rail structure and / or several intermediate layers are provided for fixation in the structural device. In one embodiment, the structural device has fixed dimensions. In an alternative embodiment, the dimensions can be changed, for example by adding additional elements. The term cabinet is intended to refer to a closed and an open form. The open variant can therefore also be referred to as a shelf. Depending on the variant, the structural device can be designed for fixed or variable positioning.Therefore, one version of the structural device has rollers.

[0069] In one embodiment, the structural device consists of several modules that can be combined in different ways. This results in structures for the system or device that can have different dimensions and shapes. For example, it is possible to stack the modules on top of each other and / or arrange them side by side. In one embodiment, at least one module is designed so small and handy that it can be positioned on a work table by a person, for example.

[0070] In one embodiment, it is also provided that at least one transport unit, e.g. with the sample, can move within the cabinet.

[0071] One feature of the system is that the structural device is designed to be flexible in its dimensions. In this configuration, it is an adaptable structural device that can be adjusted, for example, to the number, position, and dimensions of the functional units present in the system. This adjustment also applies, for example, to the enclosure of the functional units or the system.

[0072] One embodiment of the system provides that the structural device and some of the functional units are designed and coordinated with one another in such a way that the functional units of the part of the functional units are movable in the structural device. In this embodiment, for example, a movement device, e.g. in the form of an elevator, is present to move or rearrange the functional units in the structural device. The functional units therefore do not have a fixed and defined location, but can be rearranged and related to one another, e.g. as needed or depending on the respective treatment protocol. Alternatively or additionally, the functional units can also be moved from or to an opening in the structural device. In this embodiment, the system can thus be reconfigured or created anew or modified starting from a different configuration.

[0073] In a supplementary embodiment, several functional units are coupled together in such a way that they can be moved together within the structural device, e.g., in a single plane. In one embodiment, the sample is transported to the respective functional units in addition to or as an alternative to the functional units.

[0074] One embodiment of the system is that at least two functional units are each configured as a structural device, and that during the creation of the system, the two structural devices can be connected to one another in such a way that functional units and / or samples and / or treatment materials can be moved between and within the structural devices. In this embodiment, two structural devices can be connected to one another in such a way that an exchange of functional units and / or samples and / or treatment materials between them is possible. Thus, for example, there is at least one passage between the two structural devices.

[0075] For example, if in one embodiment the two structural devices are each a type of cabinet, both have a wall or a wall section that can be used for a connection.

[0076] One embodiment of the system provides that some of the functional units have an enclosure, and that the enclosures are designed in such a way that, when the functional units are connected to one another using enclosures, the enclosures complement one another to form an overall enclosure. In this embodiment, some of the functional units have protection between the environment and a space assigned to the functional unit in the form of an enclosure. If at least two functional units are connected to one another, the individual enclosures combine to form an overall enclosure. This is achieved, for example, by the enclosures having suitable openings or wall structures. Preferably, the enclosures can also be connected to one another in a suitable manner.

[0077] One embodiment of the system consists in that some of the functional units are designed in such a way that the functional units of the part of the functional units have such dimensions and a such weight that the functional units can be moved by a person and without further aids. In this embodiment, the production of the system is simplified in that a person is able to transport the functional units and place them at an installation site. With regard to weight, there are specifications, for example, that an object weighing up to a maximum of 25 kg may be carried by one person. However, since not only the weight but also the dimensions are decisive for whether one person is sufficient, the functional units should not be too large.

[0078] One embodiment of the system provides that the system further comprises a planning device, and that the planning device is configured such that, based on data about the samples to be treated and a protocol for treating the samples, the planning device generates a list of required functional units and a suggestion for positioning the functional units relative to one another. In this embodiment, a device is provided that, for example, makes suggestions to a user of the system regarding the functional units from which a system should be constructed in order to treat samples of a given type according to a given protocol.

[0079] For example, in one variant, the planning device goes through the individual treatment steps of the protocol and determines the required functional units. In a further step, the optimal orientation of the functional units relative to each other is determined, preferably also taking into account the specifications of the protocol. Based on these optimizations, which can be achieved, for example, using artificial intelligence, the system can then be created to treat the samples according to the specified protocol, i.e., to analyze them.

[0080] In an alternative embodiment, the planning device is designed to optimize a protocol to be processed or a process for processing the protocol. This is also achieved, for example, by leveraging artificial intelligence.

[0081] According to a further teaching, the invention solves the problem by means of a transport unit designed to move samples and / or treatment materials and / or a functional unit within a sample treatment system. The transport unit ensures that, within a sample treatment system, the samples themselves or elements for treatment—i.e., treatment materials, which are, for example, consumables, or units as equipment or sub-equipment used for treatment—are moved from one location to another. This enables or supports the automation of sample treatment. The transport units are preferably also designed to accommodate or deliver samples.

[0082] The transport unit can be designed according to one of the preceding or following configurations. Therefore, the explanations apply accordingly, so they will not be repeated here.

[0083] The system in which the transport unit is used can be modular—as explained above and below. Alternatively, the system can also be monolithic. In one embodiment, the transport unit is designed such that it receives steering signals from ground units and moves along the ground units based on the received steering signals. In this embodiment, the transport unit receives information about its movements from the ground along which its intended path extends.

[0084] Furthermore, the invention solves the problem by means of a system for treating a sample. The system is generated from the system as described in the preceding and following embodiments. The embodiments of the system therefore also apply accordingly to the resulting system. The same applies to the explanations. Therefore, repetition is omitted.

[0085] According to a further teaching, the invention is achieved by a method for producing a system for treating samples. The method comprises the step of selecting required functional units based on a treatment protocol and positioning them relative to one another. The functional units are moved, for example, either by an operator, by installed structures (e.g., by external components such as lifts or conveyor belts or by components associated with the respective functional units), or by mobile transport units. A modular system is used for this purpose, which provides a selection of functional units.

[0086] Due to their modularity, the systems created in this way are not static, but can be easily adapted to changes in the protocol or to transition to another protocol. The resulting systems are therefore very flexible in their configuration.

[0087] If the system is also designed to incorporate sample transport units, the sample processing can be controlled by the system itself. This means that the samples are moved to the respective functional units, and the functions of the functional units are preferably performed automatically and without external human intervention.

[0088] Furthermore, if the production of the system, which may only be an adaptation of individual functional units, is carried out by the system itself, the ongoing operation for the treatment of any samples is greatly simplified.

[0089] In one embodiment, a list of the required functional units and / or data on the effective positioning of the functional units is generated by a device designed for this purpose. For this purpose, stored data is used, for example, or artificial intelligence is employed. The explanations of the method also apply accordingly to the system and the plant generated thereby. Conversely, the explanations and embodiments of the system or plant also apply accordingly to the method.

[0090] The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

[0091] Fig. 1 shows schematically the structure of a system,

[0092] Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of a system,

[0093] Fig. 3 shows a spatial representation (Fig. 3 a)) and a plan view of a transport unit (Fig. 3 b)),

[0094] Fig. 4 shows a spatial representation of a second embodiment of a system,

[0095] Fig. 5 shows a spatial representation of a third embodiment of a system,

[0096] Fig. 6 shows a spatial representation of a fourth embodiment of a system and

[0097] Fig. 7 shows a spatial representation of a fifth embodiment of a system.

[0098] Fig. 1 shows a schematic of a system 1 as it was created using the system. Such a system 1 is intended for the treatment of samples 2. The treatment consists, for example, in a preparation - e.g. cleaning, leaching, splitting into components - and a subsequent examination, e.g. in the form of an analysis to determine whether a certain substance is present in the sample 2. Preferably, however, the systems 1 are systems for analyzing the samples 2. Depending on their size or functionality, the system 1 can alternatively be referred to as a device.

[0099] The treatment of sample 2 is carried out according to a protocol 70, which, for example, lists the individual treatment steps with the sample, but also preparatory or subsequent steps—e.g., for cleaning. The individual steps are assigned to corresponding functional units 3, which execute the steps as a function or interact with other functional units 3 to support the other functional units 3. The functional units 3 are therefore either functionally self-contained components or interact with others with regard to their function.

[0100] For example, if a sample 2 must first be filtered, a functional unit 3 is designed as a filter. A heating or cooling unit can be present as a functional unit 3 to control the temperature of the sample 2. Finally, a functional unit 3 can also be designed as an analysis unit, e.g., a mass spectrometer. In this case, the other functional units 3 would serve to prepare the sample 2 for analysis.

[0101] The resulting system 1 is thus composed of several functional units 3. Three specific groups of functional units 3 are indicated here: transport unit 4, ground unit 8, and storage unit 8. The transport unit 4 moves the sample 2 through the system 1, thus transporting it from one functional unit 3 to the other. In doing so, the transport unit 4 moves over the ground units 5. The functional units, in the form of transport unit 4 and ground units 5, thus work together to ensure that the transport unit 4 can perform its function.

[0102] In the example shown, the transport unit 4 receives the movement data in the form of control data from the central unit 7, which for this purpose accesses the treatment protocol 70, which is stored, for example, in a data memory, as well as the position data of the transport unit 4. The central unit 7, in turn, receives the position data from the ground units 5, which record the position of the transport unit 4 using suitable sensors (not shown here). For this purpose, data interfaces 50 are present on the ground units 5, which here serve for bidirectional communication (indicated by the double arrows). In particular, the central unit 7 can transmit the control data to the ground unit 5 in whose area the transport unit 4 is located. The control data is then transmitted to the transport unit 4, for example, optically or via Bluetooth or RFID technology.In one embodiment, the transport unit 4 also transmits its respective position to the central unit 7.

[0103] Additional sensors related to the transport unit 4 relate, for example, to the position, vibration, weight, humidity, and / or battery status of the transport unit 4. Using this data, it is possible, for example, to ensure that the transport unit 4 has sufficient energy available, e.g., via the power supply from a suitable ground unit 5. For this purpose, an inductive energy transfer to the transport unit 4 is carried out, for example.

[0104] In a further embodiment, the ground unit 5 exerts such a force on the transport unit 4 that it moves in the correct direction. In addition to the data interfaces 50, a power interface 51 is also provided for the functions of the ground units 5, through which the ground units 5 receive, for example, the required electrical power.

[0105] To increase the reliability of data communication and power supply, the exemplary ground units 5 feature redundancy of the interfaces 50, 51. The multiple implementation of the interfaces 50, 51 also has the advantage that the ground units 5 can be connected to each other in any desired manner and orientation. Thus, there is no preferred orientation. The redundancy allows, for example, faulty functional units 3, 5 to be bypassed or a faster connection to be used.

[0106] The example shown shows the case where treatment materials 6 are required for the treatment of sample 2. These are, for example, substances that are introduced into sample 2, or components (as further examples of treatment materials) that must be replaced after each treatment step, e.g., pipette tips.

[0107] These treatment materials 6 are stored here by the central unit 7 in or removed from a functional unit in the form of a storage unit 8. Thus, if the treatment material 6 is not needed, it is placed in the storage unit 8 or removed from the storage unit 8 for the respective step.

[0108] In one embodiment, the storage unit 8 is dimensioned such that it can accommodate treatment materials 6 for different configurations of the system 1. Alternatively or additionally, it can also be large enough to store entire functional units 3 in it.

[0109] The central unit 7 is designed in such a way that it records the consumption of treatment materials 6 and, based on future or existing treatment protocols, executes reorders or at least transmits relevant data to an additional instance (not shown here). Alternatively or additionally, a comparison can also be made with inventory lists and / or a user's data management system.

[0110] In the embodiment shown here, the functional units 3, 4, 5, 8 are embedded within another functional unit, which is implemented as a structural device 9. The structural device 9 provides the outer framework for the system 1.

[0111] To implement a protocol 70 in a system 1, a planning device 11 is provided, which creates a list of the required functional units 3 based on the steps of the protocol 70 and preferably also depending on the sample 2 to be treated. In an extension, the planning device 11 compares this list with the existing functional units 3 and, if necessary, suggests changes to the protocol 70.

[0112] Based on the list of functional units 3 and also depending on their dimensions or possibly mandatory positions (e.g. if a functional unit requires an oxygen supply, the number of places in the system 1 may be limited), the planning device 11 optimizes the location of the individual functional units 3. Therefore, if, for example, a functional unit 3 is contacted frequently in the protocol 70, it may be advantageous to assign it a central location.

[0113] The planning device 11 thus provides a list of functional units 3 and, preferably, their positions for the creation of system 1. This simplifies the implementation of system 1 for the user.

[0114] In a further embodiment, for example, several functional units 3 are arranged in the storage unit 8. If a system 1, which refers to a protocol, is to be modified so that a different protocol is used for the treatment of the samples, the planning device 11 controls—if necessary via an interposition of the central unit 7—which functional units 3 are used at which location in the newly created system 1. For example, the functional units 3 are removed from or inserted into the storage unit 8 by the transport unit 4.

[0115] For this aspect, that the system 1 can be reorganized from within itself, one variant provides for the central unit 7 and the planning device 11 to merge into one unit.

[0116] Fig. 2 shows a system 1 produced in which a transport unit 4 with the sample 2 moves across several tray units 5. The example in Fig. 2 can also be referred to as a tile-component system.

[0117] It is clearly visible in the illustrated embodiment that the functional units 3, 5 have the same footprint, which simplifies assembly because, in principle, any combination is possible. The functional units 3 shown here are each intended to act directly on the sample, for example, by controlling its temperature, adjusting its pH value, and analyzing it. It is also clear that the functional units 3 in the example shown do not protrude beyond their base height.

[0118] Here, for example, the functional units 3 are encapsulated in such a way that, on the one hand, the sample 2 is protected from the environment, but also the environment from the treatment process within the functional unit 3. If, for example, the sample 2 is irradiated with a special light, this prevents this light from entering a person's eye.

[0119] In the illustrated embodiment, the functional units 3 are designed such that they each have a side access for the sample 2. For example, a side opening and, if necessary, an internal transport unit are provided, through which the sample 2 is removed from the transport unit 4 and introduced into the functional unit 3. Loading or unloading from above or below would be significantly more complex or almost impossible to implement.

[0120] In an embodiment - not shown here - a functional unit fulfils the task of taking a sample from a transport unit 4 and transferring it to another component or another system and thus out of the system 1 according to the invention.

[0121] Furthermore, a transport unit 4 can be designed such that it automatically transfers a sample 2 to a functional unit, e.g., via a tiltable support or via a movable plunger or a gripping-lifting mechanism. The transport unit 4 and the respective functional unit can also interact so that their functions complement each other.

[0122] Alternatively, the sample can be removed independently by a functional unit from the transport unit 4 or, for example, placed on it.

[0123] In one embodiment, it is therefore also provided that the transport units 4 are able to recognize the orientation of the samples and, based on this, move towards the functional units 3.

[0124] The functional units 3, 5 are connected directly to one another here, without the need for a structural device 9 as shown in Fig. 1. This direct connection between the functional units 3, 5 is indicated here (Fig. 2) by the base unit 5 located on the right and the arrow pointing to the left. The base unit 5 is thus inserted, and the energy interface 51 located on the side is connected to those of the adjacent base units 5.

[0125] In the example, two transport units 4 move over the ground units 5, as indicated by the arrows. For these movements, the transport unit 4 has, for example, an antenna to receive control data from a central unit (not shown here). The transport unit 4 compares this control data with the current situation regarding the functional units 3 and thus optimizes its own path. For this purpose, the transport unit 4 uses the sensor system 40 indicated in Fig. 3 a), which enables, for example, the optical detection of obstacles.

[0126] The central unit 7 (see Fig. 1) also serves to supply electrical energy to the system 1. The individual functional units 3, 5 are supplied with electrical energy to each other via the energy interfaces 51. In addition, the transport unit 4 is charged contactlessly.

[0127] An exemplary embodiment of a transport unit 4, which can also be referred to as a carrier, is shown in Fig. 3: Fig. 3 a) shows a spatial representation and Fig. 3 b) the top view.

[0128] It can be seen that the transport unit 4 is primarily designed as a frame or holding structure into which one or more samples 2 can be inserted in a holding mold. For the removal of the individual samples 2, the functional unit 3 of Fig. 2, which is designed as an analysis device, has a pipetting unit or a sampling unit.

[0129] Different superstructures (not shown here) can also be mounted on the transport unit 4, which is essentially designed as a chassis, allowing, for example, transport of samples 2 between areas with different cleanroom classes. In one embodiment (not shown here), the chassis is not completely closed but open on one side, allowing access to the transported goods (the structure is therefore similar, for example, to an aircraft tug for pushing back aircraft). This chassis would therefore have, for example, three fixed sides and one open side for receiving or discharging the transported goods.

[0130] On the sides of transport unit 4, various sensors 40 can be seen, which serve to ensure safe movement. These sensors can, for example, automatically react to a change in the configuration of system 1 without the central unit 7 having to communicate this. Therefore, part of the intelligence for controlling transport unit 4 is outsourced from central unit 7 to transport unit 4. Conversely, information about system 1 itself can also be acquired via the sensors 40 and their measurement data. This allows, for example, controls or even self-controls of the processes to be carried out in system 1 (so-called workflows).

[0131] Fig. 4 shows an exemplary system 1 in which the individual functional units 3 are arranged on both sides of a canyon-like arrangement of floor units 5—here purely exemplary, rectangular. Based on the details discussed below, this system can also be referred to as an optical track.

[0132] In a further embodiment - not shown here - individual functional units 3 are arranged on three sides of the base unit 5. Alternatively, functional units 3 are arranged on four sides of the base unit 5. The functional units 3 are directly connected to one another on each side, so that each forms a self-contained unit. It can be seen how the functional units 3 can be supplied with the sample 2 from the side. In the illustrated embodiment, there are also functional units 3 in the system 1 that are not used for the current protocol. In order to make it clear to an operator, for example, which functional units 3 are used for the protocol to be processed, an exemplary lighting unit is provided on the functional units 3.Alternatively, this can also be made clear by the ground units using their display units to display symbols or information directly in front of the functional units 3, either permanently or depending on the situation. Alternatively, functional units that are not required for the current implementation of the system for processing a protocol can also be marked in a planning mode.

[0133] The transport unit 4 is located on a floor unit 5, which is located in front of the functional units 3 and is thus accessible, for example, to a laboratory technician for introducing the sample 2. For example, the transport unit 4 can also be removed from the system 1.

[0134] To ensure that the transport unit 4 moves in the correct direction and to the correct functional unit 3, the ground units 5 are equipped with indicators. This is represented here by the path and the arrows. The ground units 5 indicate whether the transport unit 4 should simply move forward or change direction. To detect this, the transport unit 4 is equipped with appropriate sensors.

[0135] In this embodiment, the floor units 5 are also designed as tiles that interact with each other. Thus, small display units 5 are again assembled as subcomponents to form an overall unit, or in this case, in particular, an overall surface, whereby the individual display units 5 can also be movable.

[0136] The visual display also advantageously informs the operating personnel which route the transport unit 4 will take. This can be relevant, for example, to intervene in the protocol sequence. On the other hand, it also makes it relatively easy for an operator to check whether everything is organized correctly. For example, one variant provides for a kind of dry run in which only the paths to be taken by the transport unit 4 are signaled. This also allows for monitoring the sequence.

[0137] In one embodiment, the ground units 5 also have a sensor system (not shown here) that allows them to detect whether the transport unit 4 is moving over them. This is achieved in one embodiment by the ground units 5 having light / dark sensors (alternatives include digitizers, sensors for magnetic field measurement, inductive proximity sensors, etc.). In another variant, the sensor system also allows them to detect whether the transport unit 4 is in their vicinity.

[0138] System 1 in Fig. 5 is designed similarly to system 1 in Fig. 4, in that the ground units 5 create an elongated track and flank the functional units 3 laterally. An arrow along the ground units 5 indicates the direction in which the transport units 4 move and then the functional units 3 to which they are moved. In one variant, the transport unit 4 moves into the functional unit 3 with a sample 2. In another variant, the functional unit 3 has a conveyor device for introducing and, if necessary, subsequently removing the sample.

[0139] This can be achieved, for example, using a gripper arm or a conveyor belt.

[0140] The major difference from system 1 in Fig. 4 is that the transport unit 4 can also move on a second level below the described floor units 5. Thus, movement occurs in three directions. This is indicated here by a lift that brings the transport unit 4 to the lower level (the double arrow indicates the possibility of up and down movement). Storage units (see Fig. 1), for example, are located on the lower level.

[0141] Fig. 6 shows a system 1 in which a functional unit is implemented as a structural device 9, which provides the outer frame and also the protection for the functional units 3. The structural device 9 can also be referred to as a "rack," so that the illustrated embodiment can also be referred to as a rack system.

[0142] The structural device 9 is designed in the form of a cabinet and has, for example, three layers. A display and control unit mounted on a rack is indicated on the upper front. The translucent illustration shows how several functional units 3 are positioned in the installation positions.

[0143] For example, additional functional units 3, treatment materials or even samples can be introduced through at least one opening - e.g. provided with a door. In one embodiment, the area behind an opening is designed in such a way that it automatically recognizes which sample, which treatment material or which additional functional unit 3 is involved. This is done, for example, by using RFID technology and a data storage device that is either located in the system 1 or can be accessed from the system 1, for example, via data communication. In one embodiment, a functional unit is so large that it forms part of the exterior of the system 1 and has its own opening, e.g. for introducing or removing samples, consumables, etc.

[0144] Within the structural device 9, devices are provided that allow a sample to be moved between the functional units 3. Furthermore, entire functional units 3 or parts of the functional units 3 can be moved. Therefore, different systems 1 can be created from a pool of functional units 3 that may be stored in the structural device 9. Different systems 1 can also be created by inserting the necessary functional units 3 into the structural device 9.

[0145] Here, too, the arrows indicate different displacement directions, as possible directions of movement of the transport units 4. Storage areas are also indicated, which allow the storage of samples or functional units, etc. Depending on the design, this is achieved, for example, by gripper arms or conveyor belts. In one variant, a transport unit 4 is designed such that it is part of a storage unit, e.g., in the form of a shelf. Some of the functional units, which perform a function such as acting on or measuring, etc., with respect to the sample, are also designed such that they exchange samples and / or consumables with one another directly—i.e., without a transport unit. In one design, the functional units thus hand over the samples, etc., to one another.

[0146] In the event that another structural device 9 with the same or similar structure as the one shown is present, it can be coupled to the structural device 9 shown, for example, via the front. The connection can also be made to other sides or, for example, the rear, so that access, for example, for samples is provided via the front. With the coupled structural devices 9, it would then also be possible to exchange at least samples or treatment materials between the two structural devices 9 by coupling the openings together and, for example, removing the front covers. In a further embodiment, functional units 3 can also be moved between the structural devices 9. This would be possible, for example, by locating a conveyor belt behind each opening. Alternatively, an extension by means of a module on the roof side of the structural device 9 would also be possible.

[0147] Alternatively, two or more structural devices 9 are arranged side by side. In this case, a shifting device for the transport units 4 is provided in the rear area of ​​the structural device 9, whereby the transport units can also transfer and receive samples, etc., to the side. In addition, a closable opening, e.g., in the manner of a rolling door, would be provided. In a further alternative embodiment, the structural device 9 consists of several subunits, i.e., modules, which can be placed above or next to one another and preferably reversibly connected. For this purpose, a shifting device is additionally designed such that it also has mechanical interfaces to the subunits. This allows a user to dimension the system 1 according to the automation requirements.

[0148] The cabinet design allows for the permanent installation of connections for liquids or gases, as well as chimneys or drainage pipes. This allows safety requirements to be met, for example.

[0149] Depending on the design, the cabinet can be moved around the room, e.g. using casters, or can be used purely stationary.

[0150] The modularity and flexibility then result from the application of the possibilities in the interior of the structural device 9, for which the function of each cabinet 9 can also be used as a storage unit.

[0151] Figure 7 shows a system 1 with functional units 3 arranged side by side, currently under construction. Two functional units 3 are already connected to each other, and a third functional unit 3 is currently being brought forward.

[0152] The functional units 3, each of which is an analysis or processing device, are dimensioned such that they can be placed on a laboratory surface, for example, and positioned relative to one another by one person, preferably without any auxiliary tools. This also includes, for example, the weight of the functional units 3.

[0153] The functional units 3 each have a housing 10 and an integrated base unit 5. For the creation of the system 1, the functional units 3 are designed so that they automatically find and assume their final position relative to each other. It is therefore sufficient if they are brought into sufficient proximity to each other.

[0154] In one embodiment, different interlocking rails are provided for movement into the end position. In one embodiment, the movement is carried out by the functional units 3 themselves. In another variant, a user simply pushes a functional unit 3. In another variant, gravity is utilized by positioning a functional unit 3 higher than its end position. The base units 5, which are integral components of the functional units 3 here, are implemented in the exemplary embodiment in such a way that - here as an example - two tracks result for the transport units 4. The transport units 4 move - as indicated by the double arrows - along the tracks between the functional units 3. The embodiment shown is only one exemplary embodiment. More than two tracks can also be present.Alternatively, instead of tracks, a flat area is provided over which at least two transport units 4 can move next to each other and, for example, in opposite directions. Alternatively, it may be possible for the transport units 4 to switch between the tracks. Additionally, the tracks can also run vertically, so that tracks are also arranged one above the other. For example, in one embodiment, a transport unit is attached to the side of a track.

[0155] To allow for this mobility between the functional units 3, the enclosures 10 are designed such that they complement each other to form an overall enclosure and therefore do not represent barriers between the functional units 3. This is possible, for example, in the illustrated embodiment by removing the lateral sections of the enclosures 10 or by creating sufficiently large openings.

[0156] In the example shown in Fig. 7, modularity helps ensure that individual functional units 3 can be easily connected to one another and form a system 1 as a single unit. The process of creating the system is facilitated by the fact that the functional units 3 are dimensioned so that a person can move them. If the final position is also implemented, this simplifies assembly even further. To keep the dimensions and weight of the individual functional units 3 within certain limits, even more complex equipment can be functionally divided into multiple functional units 3.

[0157] One functional unit is designed as a storage unit 8 into which samples or treatment materials can be placed. The transport units 4 are therefore designed to transport the samples or treatment materials as consumables into and out of the storage unit 8. The objects in the storage unit 8 are preferably sorted so that they can be accessed quickly and / or as many as possible can be stored. Alternatively or additionally, the most effective sorting is carried out depending on the respective treatment protocol. In the design shown here, there are different storage levels whose height can be adjusted relative to one another. For this reason, the height distances between the levels are also adjusted depending on the protocol, the objects to be stored and / or also depending on the data on the samples already processed during operation. This is intended, for example, to...For example, unused space can be avoided and the protocol can be processed as effectively as possible. List of reference symbols.

[0158] 1 system

[0159] 2 Sample

[0160] 3 functional unit

[0161] 4 Functional unit in the form of a transport unit

[0162] 5 Functional unit in the form of a floor unit

[0163] 6 Treatment material

[0164] 7 Central unit

[0165] 8 Functional unit in the form of a storage unit

[0166] 9 Functional unit in the form of a structural device

[0167] 10 Enclosure

[0168] 11 Planning device

[0169] 40 Sensor technology

[0170] 50 data interface

[0171] 51 Energy interface

[0172] 70 Protocol

Claims

Patent claims 1 . Modular system for the reversible production of a system (1) for treating a sample (2), having a plurality of functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9), wherein the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) are designed such that the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) each fulfill at least one function with respect to the sample (2) and / or interact with another functional unit (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) with respect to fulfilling at least one function of the other functional unit (3, 4, 5, 8, 9), and wherein a portion of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) is designed such that the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) of the portion of the functional units (3) for producing the system can be reversibly connected to one another.

2. System according to claim 1, wherein at least one functional unit is designed as a transport unit (4) for transporting the samples (2) and / or treatment materials (6) and / or another functional unit (3, 4, 5, 8, 9), wherein some of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) are designed as ground units (5), wherein the ground units (5) and the transport unit (4) are designed and coordinated with one another such that the transport unit (4) moves along the ground units (5) in the created system (1), wherein the ground units (5) are designed such that the ground units (5) output steering signals, and wherein the transport unit (4) is designed such that the transport unit (4) receives the steering signals and moves along the ground units (5) based on the received steering signals.

3. System according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) is designed such that the functional units (5) of the part of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) identify other functional units (3, 4, 5, 8) and / or a status of other functional units (3, 4, 5, 8).

4. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a part of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) is designed such that the functional units (3, 5, 8) of the part of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) align themselves automatically relative to one another during the production of the system (1).

5. System according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the system further comprises at least one central unit (7), and wherein the central unit (7) is designed such that the central unit (7) in the generated system (1) supplies the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) with energy and / or control data and / or receives data from the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9), wherein at least one functional unit is designed as a storage unit (8) for storing samples (2) and / or treatment materials (6), and wherein the central unit (7), based on data about treatments of samples (2) already carried out in the generated system (1), stores treatment materials (6) in the storage unit (8) and / or removes them from the storage unit (8).

6. System according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least one functional unit is designed as a structural device (9), and wherein the structural device (9) and some of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) are designed and coordinated with one another in such a way that the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8) of the part of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) for producing the system (1) can be introduced into the structural device (9) and / or fastened in the structural device (9), and wherein the structural device (9) and some of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) are designed and coordinated with one another in such a way that the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8) of the part of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) are movable in the structural device (9).

7. System according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least two functional units are each designed as a structural device (9), and wherein during the production of the system (1) the two structural devices (9) can be connected to one another in such a way that functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) and / or samples (2) and / or treatment materials (6) can be moved between and within the structural devices (9).

8. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a part of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) has a housing (10), and wherein the housings (10) are designed such that in the event that the functional units (3) are connected to one another by housings (10), the housings (10) complement one another to form an overall housing.

9. System according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a part of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) is designed in such a way, that the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) of the part of the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) have such dimensions and such a weight that the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) can be moved by a person and free from further aids.

10. System according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the system (1) further comprises a planning device (11), and wherein the planning device (11) is designed such that the planning device (11) generates a list of required functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) and a proposal for positioning the functional units (3, 4, 5, 8, 9) relative to one another based on data about the samples (2) to be treated and based on a protocol (70) for treating the samples. 1 1 . Plant (1) for treating a sample, reversibly generated within the modular system according to one of claims 1 to 10.

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