Tradd inhibitor and use thereof
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NANJING REJU THERAPEUTICS INC
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-29
Smart Images

Figure PCTCN2024099687-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2024099687-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2024099687-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
TRADD INHIBITOR AND USE THEREOF
[0001] CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0002] The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2023107525353 filed on June 21, 2023, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference into the present application.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0003] The present application relates to the field of biomedicine, and more specifically, relates to a class of compounds and use thereof, particularly the use in the preparation of drugs for inflammation-related diseases and / or cell death apoptosis, and autophagy-related diseases.BACKGROUND
[0004] TRADD is a protein with a molecular weight of 34kDa, involved in the regulation of downstream pathways of TNF receptors. Specifically, upon activation of TNFR1, molecules TRADD, RIPK1, TRAF2 / 5, and cIAP1 / 2 can be recruited to form Complex I, to further activate MAP3K. MAP3K can activate the IKK complex comprising IKKαand IKKβ, thereby activating downstream NF-κB-related inflammatory pathways. At the same time, MAP3K also activates MAPKs and other inflammatory pathways, thereby inducing inflammation. On the other hand, Complex II which is formed by TRADD with RIPK1, FADD, TRAF2, cIAP1 / 2 etc. further activates the caspase-8 and other cell death pathways, thereby promoting apoptosis. Inhibiting TRADD blocks the formation of complexes with other molecules to inhibit inflammatory and apoptotic pathways, and more importantly, TRAF2 isolated from the complex forms a complex with cIAP1 / 2 which can mediate the K63 ubiquitination of Beclin 1, and promote the formation of the Vps34 complex to further activate autophagy. Autophagy is a self-degradation process that plays an important role in normal cell metabolism and response to nutrient stress. It is also important in removing misfolded or aggregated proteins, clearing damaged organelles (such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and peroxisomes) , and eliminating intracellular pathogens. Autophagy plays a crucial role in preventing and treating various diseases, including infections, neurodegenerative diseases, age-related diseases, and heart diseases. Therefore, autophagy has become a new and effective regulator of disease progression, with scientific and clinical significance.
[0005] In summary, inhibiting TRADD activity can simultaneously regulate and treat diseases from various perspectives such as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and activation of autophagy, thereby making it important for the treatment and prevention of inflammation-related and / or cell death-related diseases.SUMMARY
[0006] The present application aims to provide a small molecule drug with better efficacy in treating acute or chronic diseases associated with inflammation and / or cell death-associated apoptosis in the central or peripheral systems.
[0007] To achieve this, in a first aspect, the present application provides a compound represented by any one of Formula I to Formula III, or a solvate, a tautomer, an enantiomer, a diastereomer, an isotopically labeled compound (preferably a deuterated compound) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
[0008] in Formula I, R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;
[0009] R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0010] R3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0011] R4 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;
[0012] R5 represents polycycloalkyl, fused aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl; in Formula II,
[0013] R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl;
[0014] R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0015] R3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0016] R4 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;
[0017] R5 represents cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl;
[0018] m is an integer selected from 1 to 4;
[0019] in Formula III,
[0020] R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl;
[0021] R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0022] R3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0023] R4 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;
[0024] R5 represents cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl;
[0025] n is an integer selected from 0 to 4.
[0026] In the above Formula I to Formula III, the R on each ring independently represents unsubstituted, mono-substituted, or polysubstituted, and R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen atoms, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 haloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, C3-C10 cycloalkoxy, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C6-C20 aryloxy, and C3-C20 heterocyclyl.
[0027] In the above Formula I to Formula III, the alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl represented by each of R1 to R5 may be unsubstituted or may contain one or more substituents. In some embodiments, the substituent is selected from one or more of the following groups: halogen atoms, cyano, nitro, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 haloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, C3-C10 cycloalkoxy, C6-C20 aryloxy, C3-C20 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, and-NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C2-C8 alkynyl.
[0028] In some preferred embodiments, the compound represented by Formula I is not
[0029] In some preferred embodiments, in Formula I, the polycycloalkyl represented by R5 does not include adamantyl.
[0030] In some embodiments, in Formula II, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached form a ring, such as a 5-membered ring, 6-membered ring, or 7-membered ring.
[0031] In some embodiments, the compound represented by Formula II has the structure shown in Formula IIa,
[0032] wherein R, R1, R4, R5, and m are defined as in Formula II.
[0033] In some embodiments, m is selected from 1, 2, 3, or 4. In some embodiments, m is selected from 2, 3, or 4. In some embodiments, m is selected from 2 or 3.
[0034] In some embodiments, in Formula III, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached form a ring, such as a 3-membered ring, 4-membered ring, 5-membered ring, 6-membered ring, or 7-membered ring.
[0035] In some embodiments, the compound represented by Formula III has the structure shown in Formula IIIa:
[0036] wherein R, R1, R4, R5, and n are defined as in Formula III.
[0037] In some embodiments, n is selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. In some embodiments, n is selected from 1, 2, 3, or 4.In some embodiments, n is selected from 1 or 2.
[0038] In some embodiments, in the above Formula I to Formula III, the R on each ring independently represents unsubstituted, mono-substituted, or polysubstituted, and R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen atoms, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkoxy, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C6-C12 aryloxy, and C3-C10 heterocyclyl.
[0039] In some embodiments, in the above Formula I to Formula III, the R on each ring independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, and pyrrolyl. In some specific embodiments, the R on each ring in the above Formula I to Formula III is hydrogen.
[0040] In some embodiments, in the above Formula I to Formula III, each of R1 to R5 independently is substituted by one or more of the following groups: halogen atoms, cyano, nitro, C6-C15 aryl, C3-C15 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkoxy, C6-C12 aryloxy, C3-C6 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C15 aryl, C3-C15 heteroaryl, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C2-C8 alkynyl.
[0041] In some embodiments, in the above Formula I to Formula III, each of R1 to R5 independently is substituted by one or more of the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, and pyrrolyl.
[0042] In a second aspect, the present application provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above compound and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials, wherein the compound is a compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above, or a solvate, tautomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, isotopically labeled compound (preferably deuterated compound) , or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above.
[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the auxiliary materials comprise one or more of the following: an excipient, a diluent, a filler, an adhesive, a wetting agent, an emulsifier, a suspending agent, a sweetener, a flavoring agent, a fragrance, an absorption enhancer, a surfactant, a lubricant, a buffering agent, and a stabilizer.
[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition is a pharmaceutical formulation, wherein the pharmaceutical formulation is selected from a tablet, a capsule, a pill, a granule, a pellet, an emulsion, a solution, a suspension, a syrup, an elixir, a powder, an aerosol, a spray, a nasal drop, an inhalant, a suppository, an enema, an intramuscular injection formulation, an intravenous injection formulation, an intra-articular injection formulation, an ointment, or a patch.
[0045] In the third aspect, the present application provides use of the above compound or the above pharmaceutical composition in the preparation of a drug for preventing or treating an inflammation-related disease and / or a cell necrosis-related apoptosis, or an autophagy-related disease. The compound is a compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above, or a solvate, tautomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, isotopically labeled compound (preferably deuterated compound) , or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above.
[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the inflammation-related disease is an inflammatory central nervous system condition or disease related to TNF-α-associated, or an inflammatory peripheral system condition or disease.
[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the inflammatory central nervous system condition or disease comprises a diseases or condition caused by excessive activation of immune cells in the brain or involved by cytokines, especially TNF-α, or a clinically identified central nervous system inflammatory disease type, such as encephalitis, meningitis, encephalomyelitis, viral, bacterial, or autoimmune encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, brain and spinal cord trauma, brain contusion, subdural hematoma, and spinal cord injury and cerebral vasculitis caused by various reasons.
[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the inflammatory peripheral system condition or disease comprises pyemia, vasculitis, dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, scleroderma, arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory myopathy, acute and chronic nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, dry eye syndrome, uveitis, intraocular inflammation, eyelid inflammation, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, keratitis, autoimmune uveitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus nephritis, thyroiditis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver, viral and non-viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic recurrent hepatitis, cirrhosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, temporal arteritis, Crohn's disease, enteritis, colitis, ulcerative colitis, lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, immune complex vasculitis, myocarditis, ischemic heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, pre-eclampsia, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, allograft rejection, pneumonia, acute lung injury, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tracheitis, bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases caused by liver fibrosis, and inflammation caused by autoimmune function.
[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, the cell necrosis-related apoptosis-related disease comprises nerve injury, neurobehavioral defects, neurodegenerative diseases, excitotoxicity of the nervous system, a disease or condition caused by misfolded protein accumulation in cells or by impaired autophagy, or a clinically identified disease type (such as stroke (hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke) ) , chronic demyelinating diseases of the nervous system, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, chronic traumatic brain injury and frontotemporal dementia, AIDS-related neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, limb weakness caused by neurobehavioral defects, cognitive neurobehavioral defects caused by nerve injury (such as visual, gustatory, olfactory, auditory, facial nerve injuries, mania, emotional disorders) , depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, phobias and other mental illnesses, primary open-angle glaucoma, heart disease, heart failure, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, chronic renal failure, renal injury, pulmonary injury.
[0050] In the fourth aspect, the present application provides a method for preventing or treating an inflammation-related and / or cell necrosis-related acute or chronic disease of the central or peripheral system, the method comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of the above compound or the above pharmaceutical composition to a subject in need thereof, wherein the compound is a compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above, or a solvate, tautomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, isotopically labeled compound (preferably deuterated compound) , or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above.
[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the inflammation-related disease is an inflammatory central nervous system condition or disease related to TNF-α-associated, or an inflammatory peripheral system condition or disease.
[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the inflammatory central nervous system condition or disease comprises a diseases or condition caused by excessive activation of immune cells in the brain or involved by cytokines, especially TNF-α, or a clinically identified central nervous system inflammatory disease type, such as encephalitis, meningitis, encephalomyelitis, viral, bacterial, or autoimmune encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, brain and spinal cord trauma, brain contusion, subdural hematoma, and spinal cord injury and cerebral vasculitis caused by various reasons.
[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the inflammatory peripheral system condition or disease comprises pyemia, vasculitis, dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, scleroderma, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory myopathy, acute and chronic nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, dry eye syndrome, uveitis, intraocular inflammation, eyelid inflammation, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, keratitis, autoimmune uveitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus nephritis, thyroiditis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver, viral and non-viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic recurrent hepatitis, cirrhosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, temporal arteritis, Crohn's disease, enteritis, colitis, ulcerative colitis, lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, immune complex vasculitis, myocarditis, ischemic heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, pre-eclampsia, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, allograft rejection, pneumonia, acute lung injury, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tracheitis, bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases caused by liver fibrosis, and inflammation caused by autoimmune function.
[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the cell necrosis-related apoptosis-related disease is selected from nerve injury, neurobehavioral defects, neurodegenerative diseases, excitotoxicity of the nervous system, a disease or condition caused by misfolded protein accumulation in cells or by impaired autophagy, or a clinically identified disease type (such as stroke (hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke) ) , chronic demyelinating diseases of the nervous system, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, chronic traumatic brain injury and frontotemporal dementia, AIDS-related neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, limb weakness caused by neurobehavioral defects, cognitive neurobehavioral defects caused by nerve injury (such as visual, gustatory, olfactory, auditory, facial nerve injuries, mania, emotional disorders) , depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, phobias and other mental illnesses, primary open-angle glaucoma, heart disease, heart failure, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, chronic renal failure, renal injury, pulmonary injury.
[0055] In the present application, the subject may be a mammal, and the preferred subject is a human. There is no special limitation on administration method of the compound or pharmaceutical composition of the invention, and representative administration methods comprises (but are not limited to) oral, rectal, parenteral (intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously) , intraccisternal, peritoneal, intravesical, topical (powder, ointment or drops) , or as an oral or nasal spray.
[0056] The therapeutic method of the invention can be administered alone or combined with other therapeutic method (s) or therapeutic drug (s) .
[0057] The inflammation-related disease mentioned in the present application mainly refers to an inflammatory central or peripheral system disease caused by various causes, especially those associated with TNF-α. Among them, the inflammation-related central system condition or disease comprises, but are not limited to: a range of diseases or conditions caused by excessive activation of immune cells in the brain or involved by cytokines, especially TNF-α, or a clinically identified central nervous system inflammatory disease type, such as encephalitis, meningitis, encephalomyelitis, viral, bacterial, or autoimmune encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, brain and spinal cord trauma, brain contusion, subdural hematoma, and spinal cord injury and cerebral vasculitis caused by various reasons. An inflammation-related peripheral system condition or disease comprises, but are not limited to:pyemia, vasculitis, dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, scleroderma, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory myopathy, acute and chronic nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, dry eye syndrome, uveitis, intraocular inflammation, eyelid inflammation, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, keratitis, autoimmune uveitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus nephritis, thyroiditis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver, viral and non-viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic recurrent hepatitis, cirrhosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, temporal arteritis, Crohn's disease, enteritis, colitis, ulcerative colitis, lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, immune complex vasculitis, myocarditis, ischemic heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, pre-eclampsia, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, allograft rejection, pneumonia, acute lung injury, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tracheitis, bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases caused by liver fibrosis, and a series of inflammation caused by autoimmune function.
[0058] In some embodiments, the cell necrosis-related apoptosis-related disease referred to in the present application is selected from nerve injury, neurobehavioral defects, neurodegenerative diseases, excitotoxicity of the nervous system, a disease or condition caused by misfolded protein accumulation in cells or by impaired autophagy, or a clinically identified disease type (such as stroke (hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke) ) , chronic demyelinating diseases of the nervous system, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, chronic traumatic brain injury and frontotemporal dementia, AIDS-related neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, limb weakness caused by neurobehavioral defects, cognitive neurobehavioral defects caused by nerve injury (such as visual, gustatory, olfactory, auditory, facial nerve injuries, mania, emotional disorders) , depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, phobias and other mental illnesses, primary open-angle glaucoma, heart disease, heart failure, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, chronic renal failure, renal injury, pulmonary injury.
[0059] In the fifth aspect, the present application provides a method of inhibiting TRADD activity in a cell or a subject, comprising the following steps: contacting a cell with the compound or the pharmaceutical composition; or administering the compound or the pharmaceutical composition to the subject. The compound is is a compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above, or a solvate, tautomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, isotopically labeled compound (preferably deuterated compound) , or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above.
[0060] In some embodiments, the cell is a mammalian cell. In some embodiments, the subject is a mammal, preferably a human.
[0061] The present application provides a new type of compounds as TRADD inhibitor, which prevents or treats an inflammation-related and / or cell necrosis-related acute or chronic disease of the central or peripheral system through pharmacological mechanisms of anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and autophagy activation. Further, the present application demonstrates that these compounds have excellent anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects and can treat an inflammation-related and / or cell necrosis-related acute or chronic disease of the central or peripheral system.
[0062] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0063] FIG. 1 shows anti-inflammatory experiment results of the compound synthesized in Example 1 of the present application on LPS-stimulated BV2 Cell.
[0064] FIG. 2 shows anti-inflammatory experimental results of the compound synthesized in Example 1 of the present application on MDP-stimulated BV2 Cell.
[0065] FIG. 3 shows anti-inflammatory experimental results of the compound synthesized in Example 1 of the present application on IFN-γ-stimulated BV2.
[0066] FIG. 4 shows autophagy results of Jurkat Cell activated by the compound synthesized in Example 1 of the present application.
[0067] FIG. 5 shows plasma metabolic kinetic results of the compound synthesized in Example 1 of the present application in rats.
[0068] FIG. 6 shows therapeutic results of the compound synthesized in Example 1 of the present application on dry eye syndrome.
[0069] FIG. 7 shows inhibition results of the compound synthesized in Example 1 of the present application on psoriasis.
[0070] FIG. 8 is a statistical graph of infarct size when the compound synthesized in Example 1 of the present application is treated on a stroke model.
[0071] FIG. 9 shows results of tau content in the hippocampus in Example 11 by WB detection.
[0072] FIG. 10 is statistical graph of OARSI scores for each group in Example 12.
[0073] FIG. 11 shows Masson staining results for a pulmonary fibrosis model in Example 13.
[0074] FIG. 12 shows HE staining results of an acute lung injury model in Example 14.
[0075] FIG. 13 shows neural function scores of the EAE model in Example 15.
[0076] FIG. 14 shows rotating rod test results of the Parkinsonian animal model in Example 16.
[0077] FIG. 15 shows clinical score results of a mouse autoimmune uveitis model in Example 17.
[0078] FIG. 16 shows experimental results of a mouse colitis model in Example 18.
[0079] FIG. 17 shows experimental results of a mouse rheumatoid arthritis model in Example 19.
[0080] FIG. 18 shows experimental results of a mouse non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Example 20.
[0081] FIG. 19 shows experimental results of a mouse sepsis model in Example 21.
[0082] FIG. 20 shows experimental results of a mouse ALS model in Example 22.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0083] Below, the detailed description of the present application is provided with reference to specific examples and accompanying drawings. The following examples are implemented based on the technical solution of the present application, providing detailed implementation methods and processes. However, the embodiments provided by the present application are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Conditions and methods not specified in the following examples are carried out conventionally.
[0084] The term “substituted or unsubstituted” refers to one or more hydrogens in the described group can be substituted by substituents, or not be substituted by substituents.
[0085] The term “alkyl” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group with a specified number of carbon atoms, wherein C1-6 or C1-C6 refers to a hydrocarbon containing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms. Examples of the alkyl include but are not limited to methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and similar alkyl thereof.
[0086] The term “cycloalkyl” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to the cyclic form of an “alkyl” , which is a non-aromatic hydrocarbon. The cycloalkyl may include monocycloalkyl or polycycloalkyl (e.g., having 2, 3, or 4 fused rings or bridged rings or spiro rings) . Examples of the cycloalkyl include but are not limited to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, norbornanyl, isocamphanyl, adamantanyl, etc.. The term “polycycloalkyl” refers to the cycloalkyl group having two or more rings, such as bridged cycloalkyls (e.g., dicycloalkyl, tricycloalkyl, tetracycloalkyl, fused cycloalkyl, etc) and spiro cycloalkyls. "C3-C6 cycloalkyl" refers to a cycloalkyl with 3-6 carbon atoms, such as a group like cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl.
[0087] The term “alkenyl” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond. “C2-C8 alkenyl” refers to a hydrocarbon containing 2-8 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
[0088] The term “alkynyl” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. "C2-C8 alkynyl" refers to a hydrocarbon containing 2-8 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.
[0089] The term “halogen” includes but is not limited to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.
[0090] The term “haloalkyl” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a group (R-X) composed of any of the aforementioned halogen and an alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogens in the alkyl are substituted with halogens. Examples include methyl chloride, trifluoromethyl, isopropyl bromide, tert-butyl chloride, etc.
[0091] The term “alkoxy” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a group composed of any of the aforementioned alkyl and oxygen (alkyl-O-group) , and examples include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, etc.
[0092] The term “cycloalkyloxy” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a group composed of any of the aforementioned cycloalkyl and oxygen (alkyl-O-group) , and examples include cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, etc.
[0093] The term “aryl” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to an aromatic monocyclic or polycyclic system composed of carbon atoms forming a ring. The aryl can be a monocyclic aryl group, a fused aryl group, two or more monocyclic aryl groups linked by carbon-carbon bond conjugation, a monocyclic aryl group and a fused aryl group linked by carbon-carbon bond conjugation, and two or more fused aryl groups linked by carbon-carbon bond conjugation. Unless otherwise specified, two or more aromatic groups linked by carbon-carbon bond conjugation can also be considered as the aryl of the present application. The fused aryl may include bicyclic fused aryl (such as naphthyl) , tricyclic fused aryl (such as phenanthryl, fluorenyl, anthracenyl) , etc.. Examples of aryl include but are not limited to phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, anthracenyl, phenanthryl, biphenyl, terphenyl, phenanthro [9, 10] phenyl, pyrenyl, benzoanthracenyl, chrysenyl, etc.
[0094] The term “fused cycloalkyl aryl” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a group containing one or more aromatic rings fused with a cycloalkyl ring (i.e., sharing bonds with the cycloalkyl ring) , such as benzene-fused derivatives of cyclopentane (indanyl) , benzene-fused derivatives of cyclopentene, benzene-fused derivatives of cyclohexane, 5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl, etc.
[0095] The term “heteroaryl” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic (including a fused ring) aromatic system containing at least one carbon atom and one or more heteroatoms as ring atoms. The heteroatoms include but are not limited to B, N, O, S, P, Si, Se, etc. Examples of heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, 2-furanyl, 3-furanyl, N-imidazolyl, 2-imidazolyl, 4-imidazolyl, 5-imidazolyl, 3-isothiazolyl, 4-isothiazolyl, 5-isothiazolyl, 2-oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl, 5-oxazolyl, N-pyrrolyl, 2-pyrrolyl, pyrazinyl, 3-pyrrolyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, 2-pyrimidinyl, 4-pyrimidinyl, 5-pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl (e.g., 3-pyridazinyl) , 2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl, 5-thiazolyl, tetrazolyl (e.g., 5-tetrazolyl) , triazolyl (e.g., 2-triazolyl and 5-triazolyl) , 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, pyrazolyl (e.g., 2-pyrazolyl) , isothiazolyl, 1, 2, 3-oxadiazolyl, 1, 2, 5-oxadiazolyl, 1, 2, 4-oxadiazolyl, 1, 2, 3-triazolyl, 1, 2, 3-thiadiazolyl, 1, 3, 4-thiadiazolyl, 1, 2, 5-thiadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, 1, 3, 5-triazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, indolyl (e.g., 2-indolyl) , purinyl, quinolinyl (e.g., 2-quinolinyl, 3-quinolinyl, 4-quinolinyl) , isoquinolinyl (e.g., 1-isoquinolinyl, 3-isoquinolinyl, or 4-isoquinolinyl) , imidazo [1, 2-a] pyridinyl, pyrazolo [1, 5-a] pyridinyl, pyrazolo [1, 5-a] pyrimidinyl, imidazo [1, 2-b] pyridazinyl, [1, 2, 4] triazolo [4, 3-b] pyridazinyl, [1, 2, 4] triazolo [1, 5-a] pyrimidinyl, [1, 2, 4] triazolo [1, 5-a] pyridinyl, etc.
[0096] The term “aryloxy” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a group composed of any of the aforementioned aryl groups and oxygen (aryl-O-group) , including phenoxy, naphthyloxy, etc.
[0097] The term “heterocyclyl” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic ring system with 3-20 ring atoms, preferably 3-10 ring atoms, wherein one or two of the ring atoms are heteroatoms selected from N, O, S (O) m, P (O) m, Si, or Se (wherein m is an integer from 0 to 2) , and the remaining ring atoms are carbon atoms. These rings may have one or more double bonds but do not have a completely conjugatedπ-electron system. Heterocyclyl groups may be substituted or unsubstituted. Non-limiting examples of unsubstituted heterocyclyl groups include pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, thiomorpholinyl, azepanyl, etc.
[0098] The term “fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl” either by itself or as part of another substituent, refers to a group consisting of one or more heteroarylene rings fused with a cycloalkyl ring (i.e., sharing common bonds with the cycloalkyl ring) . Examples include a 5-aza-6-indanyl group, a pyridine-fused derivative of cyclopentane, a pyridine-fused derivative of cyclohexane, etc.
[0099] The term “TNF-α” refers to tumor necrosisfactor-α.
[0100] The term “TRADD” refers to TNF receptor-associated death domain.
[0101] The term “AIDS” refers to for acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
[0102] The term “IFN-γ” represents interferon-γ.
[0103] The term “pharmaceutically acceptable” as used in the context of the composition in the present application, refers to molecules or other components that are physiologically tolerable and typically do not elicit adverse reactions when administered to mammals (e.g., humans) .
[0104] The term “isomer” refers to compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures ( "structural isomers" ) or different geometric arrangements of functional groups and / or atoms ( "stereoisomers" ) . "Enantiomers" are a pair of non-superimposable mirror-image stereoisomers. "diastereomers" are stereoisomers that are not enantiomers. "Tautomers" are one of two or more structural isomers that exist in equilibrium and are easily converted from one isomeric form to another. This conversion results in the migration of a hydrogen atom and is accompanied by the conversion of adjacent conjugated double bonds. In solutions where tautomerization can occur, the chemical equilibrium of tautomers is attainable. The exact proportions of tautomers depend on several factors, including temperature, solvent, and pH. Tautomers can undergo interconversion through a phenomenon called tautomerism. Common examples of tautomeric pairs include keto-enol, amide-nitrile, imide-iminol, reciprocal isomerism of amide-imino acid in heterocycles (e.g., nucleic acid bases such as purines, pyrimidines, and pyridines) , imine-enamine, and alkene-alkene. An example of a keto-enol equilibrium is between pyridin-2 (1H) -one and the corresponding pyridin-2-ol. It should be understood that compounds in the present application can be described as different tautomeric forms. It should also be understood that when a compound has tautomeric forms, all tautomeric forms are intended to be included within the scope of the present application, and the nomenclature of the compound does not exclude any tautomeric form. It shouldbe understood that certain tautomeric forms may exhibit higher levels of activity than other tautomeric forms.
[0105] Examples of isotopes suitable for incorporation into the compounds of the present application include isotopes of hydrogen (H) (e.g., 1H, 2H, and 3H) , isotopes of carbon (C) (e.g., 11C, 13C, and 14C) , isotopes of chlorine (Cl) (e.g., 36Cl) , isotopes of fluorine (F) (e.g., 18F) , isotopes of iodine (I) (e.g., 123I and 125I) , isotopes of nitrogen (N) (e.g., 13N and 15N) , isotopes of oxygen (O) (e.g., 15O, 17O, and 18O) , isotopes of phosphorus (P) (e.g., 32P) , and isotopes of sulfur (S) (e.g., 35S) , etc.
[0106] The compounds of the present application may be in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salts” refers to salts of the parent compound that are biologically active and possess properties that are notbiologically or otherwise undesirable. The nature of the salt is not critical, provided that it is non-toxic and substantially does not interfere with the desired pharmacological activity. Suitable anions for forming pharmaceutically acceptable salts include chloride ions, bromide ions, iodide ions, sulfate ions, hydrogen sulfate ions, amino acid radicals, nitrate ions, phosphate ions, citrate ions, methanesulfonate ions, trifluoroacetate ions, glutamate ions, gluconate ions, succinate ions, malate ions, maleate ions, fumarate ions, oxalate ions, tartrate ions, benzenesulfonate ions, salicylate ions, lactate ions, naphthalenesulfonate ions, and acetate ions (e.g., trifluoroacetate ions) .
[0107] The term “solvate” refers to a solvent-addition form containing a quantity of solvent, either stoichiometric or nonstoichiometric. Some compounds tend to capture fixed molar ratios of solvent molecules in their solid crystal states, resulting in solvates. If the solvent is water, the resulting solvate is a hydrate; if the solvent is an alcohol, the resulting solvate is an alcoholate. Asolvate is formed when one or more water molecules combined with one molecule of the substance, with water retaining its molecular state as H2O. Non-limiting examples of solvates include ethanol solvate, acetone solvate, and so on.
[0108] The term “treatment” encompasses both prophylactic and therapeutic treatment, including reversing, alleviating, ameliorating, or slowing the progression of a disease (or syndrome or condition) or any tissue damage associated with one or more symptoms of the disease (or syndrome or condition) .
[0109] TRADD INHIBITOR
[0110] The present application provides a TRADD inhibitor, wherein the TRADD inhibitor is a compound as represented by Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III, or a solvate, a tautomer, an enantiomer, a diastereomer, an isotopically labeled compound (preferably a deuterated compound) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
[0111] in Formula I, R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;
[0112] R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0113] R3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0114] R4 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;
[0115] R5 represents polycycloalkyl, fused aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl; in Formula II,
[0116] R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl;
[0117] R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0118] R3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0119] R4 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;
[0120] R5 represents cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl;
[0121] m is an integer selected from 1 to 4;
[0122] in Formula III,
[0123] R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl;
[0124] R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0125] R3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
[0126] R4 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;
[0127] R5 represents cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl;
[0128] n is an integer selected from 0 to 4.
[0129] In some embodiments, in the above Formula I to Formula III, the R on each ring independently represents unsubstituted, mono-substituted, or polysubstituted, and R independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen atoms, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 haloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, C3-C10 cycloalkoxy, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C6-C20 aryloxy, and C3-C20 heterocyclyl.
[0130] In some embodiments, in the above Formula I to Formula III, the R on each ring independently represents unsubstituted, mono-substituted, or polysubstituted, and R independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen atoms, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkoxy, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C6-C12 aryloxy, and C3-C10 heterocyclyl.
[0131] In some embodiments, in the above Formula I to Formula III, the R on each ring independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, and pyrrolyl. In some specific embodiments, the R on each ring in the above Formula I to Formula III is hydrogen.
[0132] In some embodiments, in the above Formula I to Formula III, the alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl represented by each of R1 to R5 may be unsubstituted or may contain one or more substituents. In some embodiments, the substituents are selected from the following groups: halogen atoms, cyano, nitro, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 haloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, C3-C10 cycloalkoxy, C6-C20 aryloxy, C3-C20 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C2-C8 alkynyl.
[0133] In some embodiments, in the above Formula I to Formula III, when each of R1 to R5 contains one or more substituents, the one or more substituents are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, cyano, nitro, C6-C15 aryl, C3-C15 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkoxy, C6-C12 aryloxy, C3-C6 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C15 aryl, C3-C15 heteroaryl, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C2-C8 alkynyl.
[0134] In some embodiments, in the above Formula I to Formula III, when each of R1 to R5 contains one or more substituents, the one or more substituents are independently selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, and pyrrolyl.
[0135] In some embodiments, in Formula I, R1 represents hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R1 represents hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R1 represents hydrogen, or unsubstituted or substituted groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl. In some specific embodiments, in Formula I, R1 represents hydrogen.
[0136] In some embodiments, in Formula I, R2 represents hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C20 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C20 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R2 represents hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C15 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C15 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R2 represents hydrogen, or unsubstituted or substituted groups such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, or quinolinyl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R2 represents hydrogen or cycloalkyl. In specific embodiments, in Formula I, R2 represents hydrogen, cyclopropyl, or phenyl.
[0137] In some embodiments, in Formula I, R3 represents hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R3 represents hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C15 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R3 represents hydrogen, or unsubstituted or substituted groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridinyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, or quinolinyl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R3 represents hydrogen or cycloalkyl. In some specific embodiments, in Formula I, R3 represents hydrogen, cyclopropyl, or phenyl.
[0138] In some embodiments, in Formula I, R4 represents hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R4 represents hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R4 represents hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some specific embodiments, in Formula I, R4 represents hydrogen.
[0139] In some embodiments, in Formula I, R5 represents substituted or unsubstituted C4-C20 polycycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C10-C20 fused aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted C7-C30 fused cycloalkyl aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C4-C20 fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula I, R5 represents substituted or unsubstituted C4-C12 bicycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C4-C12 tricycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C12 mono-spiroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C12 di-spiroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C10-C15 fused aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C15 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted C7-C15 fused cycloalkyl aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C4-C15 fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl.
[0140] In some preferred embodiments, the compound represented by Formula I is not
[0141] In some preferred embodiments, in Formula I, the polycycloalkyl represented by R5 does not include adamantyl.
[0142] The bicycloalkyl disclosed in the present application can include, but are not limited to: [4.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [4.1.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.2] bicycloalkyl, [3.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [4.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.0] bicycloalkyl, or [5.3.0] bicycloalkyl.
[0143] The tricycloalkyl disclosed in the present application can include, but are not limited to: [3.3.1.1] tricycloalkyl.
[0144] The spiroalkyl disclosed in the present application can include, but are not limited to: [4, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 2] spiroalkyl, [2, 2] spiroalkyl, [5, 5] spiroalkyl, [5, 4] spiroalkyl, [5, 3] spiroalkyl, or [5, 2] spiroalkyl.
[0145] The fused aryl disclosed in the present application can include, but are not limited to: naphthyl, anthryl, or phenanthryl.
[0146] The heteroaryl disclosed in the present application can include, but are not limited to: pyridyl, pyrimidyl, thienyl, furanyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrrolyl, pyranyl, benzopyranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, carbazolyl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl.
[0147] The fused cycloalkyl aryl disclosed in the present application can include, but are not limited to: benzocyclopentyl, benzocyclohexyl, benzocycloheptyl, and benzocyclooctyl.
[0148] The fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl disclosed in the present application can include, but are not limited to pyridinocyclopentyl, pyridinocyclohexyl, pyridinocycloheptyl and pyridinocyclooctyl.
[0149] In some embodiments, in Formula I, the polycycloalkyl represented by R5 is selected from the following structures:
[0150] wherein, each x independently is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; each y and z independently is 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
[0151] In some embodiments, in Formula I, the fused cycloalkyl aryl represented by R5 is selected from the following structures.:
[0152] wherein, x is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
[0153] In some embodiments, in Formula I, the fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl represented by R5 is selected from the following structures:
[0154] In X1 to X4 is selected from C, N, O, S, P, Si, and Se, and at least one of X1 to X4 is selected from N, O, S, P, Si, and Se; x is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
[0155] In X1 to X3 is selected from C, N, O, S, P, Si, and Se, and at least one of X1 to X3 is selected from N, O, S, P, Si, and Se; x is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
[0156] In some embodiments, in Formula I, R5 is selected from the substituted or unsubstituted following groups:
[0157] when R5 contains one or more substituents, the one or more substituent can be one or more; when the substituents in R5 are more substituents, the more substituents may be the same or different, and each substituent independently is selected from the group consisting of the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, and pyrrolyl. In some examples, the substituen in R5 is trifluoromethyl or phenyl.
[0158] In some embodiments, Formula I has the structure shown in Formula I-a:
[0159] in Formula I-a, R1, R2, and R5 are defined as in Formula I.
[0160] In some embodiments, compounds according to the general formula of Formula I include but are not limited to the following structures:
[0161] In some embodiments, in Formula II, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached form a ring, such as a 5-membered ring, 6-membered ring, or 7-membered ring.
[0162] In some embodiments, compounds represented by Formula II have the structure shown in Formula II-a:
[0163] wherein, R, R1, R4, R5, and m are defined as in Formula II.
[0164] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R represents unsubstituted. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R represents mono-substituted. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R represents di-substituted. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R represents tri-substituted. In some specific embodiments, R independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl such as cyclopropyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, or C6-C15 aryl such as phenyl.
[0165] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, m is selected from 1, 2, 3, or 4. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, m is selected from 2, 3, or 4. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, m is selected from 2 or 3.
[0166] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, the alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl represented by R1 can include, but are not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, the alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl represented by R1 can include, but are not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R1 represents hydrogen, or the following unsubstituted or substituted groups: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, and naphthyl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R1 represents hydrogen.
[0167] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl represented by R2 can include, but are not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl; substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl represented by R2 can include, but are not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl; substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C15 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R2 represents hydrogen, or the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, or quinolinyl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R2 represents hydrogen, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, or C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl. In some specific embodiments, R2 represents hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl.
[0168] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl represented by R3 can include, but are not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl; substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl represented by R3 can include, but are not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl; substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C15 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R3 represents hydrogen, or the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, or quinolinyl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R3 represents hydrogen, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, or C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl. In some specific embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R3 represents hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl.
[0169] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, the alkyl and cycloalkyl represented by R4 can include, but are not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, the alkyl and cycloalkyl represented by R4 can include, but are not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C3-C18 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R4 represents hydrogen, or the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some specific embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R4 represents hydrogen. In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, the alkyl represented by R4 is connected to the carbon atom on its neighboring cyclic amide to form a parallel ring structure.
[0170] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R5 represents substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C7-C30 fused cycloalkyl aryl. In some embodiments, R5 represents substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 monocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C4-C12 bicycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C4-C12 tricycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 mono-spiroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 di-spiroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C7-C20 fused cycloalkyl aryl. In some embodiments, the C3-C8 monocycloalkyl is selected from the group consisting of cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl. In some embodiments, the bicycloalkyl is selected from the group consisting of [4.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [4.1.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.2] bicycloalkyl, [3.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [4.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.0] bicycloalkyl, or [5.3.0] bicycloalkyl. In some embodiments, the tricycloalkyl is selected from [3.3.1.1] tricycloalkyl, and the spiroalkyl is selected from the group consisting of [4, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 2] spiroalkyl, [2, 2] spiroalkyl, [5, 5] spiroalkyl, [5, 4] spiroalkyl, [5, 3] spiroalkyl, or [5, 2] spiroalkyl. In some embodiments, the aryl is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, or terphenyl. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl is selected from the group consisting of pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, thienyl, furanyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrrolyl, pyranyl, benzopyranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, carbazolyl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl. In some embodiments, the fused cycloalkyl aryl is selected from the group consisting of benzocyclopentyl, benzocyclohexyl, benzocycloheptyl, and benzocyclooctyl.
[0171] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, when R1 to R5 contain substituents, the substituents can be one or more, and each independently is selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C6-C12 aryloxy, C3-C10 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C2-C8 alkynyl.
[0172] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, when R1 to R5 contain substituents, the substituents can be one or more, and each independently is selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, C6-C10 aryl, C3-C10 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C6-C10 aryloxy, C3-C8 heterocyclkyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphoester, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C10 aryl, C3-C10 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl.
[0173] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, when R1 to R5 contain substituents, the substituents can be one or more, and each independently is selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, and pyrrolyl.
[0174] In some embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R5 represents the following substituted or unsubstituted groups:
[0175] when R5 comtains substituents, the substituent can be one or more; when the substituents in R5 are more substituents, the more substituents may be the same or different, and each substituent independently is selected from the group consisting of the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, and pyrrolyl.
[0176] In some preferred embodiments, in Formula II and Formula IIa, R5 represents the following substituted or unsubstituted groups:
[0177] when R5 contains substituents, the substituent can be one or more; when the substituents in R5 are more substituents, the more substituents may be the same or different, and each substituent independently is selected from the group consisting of the following groups: fluoro, chlorio, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, trifluoromethoxy, and phenyl. In some examples, the substituent is trifluoromethyl or phenyl.
[0178] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula II has structures shown in Formula II-b, Formula II-c, or Formula II-d:
[0179] In Formula II-b, Formula II-c, and Formula II-d, R, R1, R4, and R5 are defined as in Formula II and Formula IIa.
[0180] In some embodiments, compounds according to the general formulas of Formula II and IIa include but are not limited to the following structures:
[0181] In some embodiments, in Formula III, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached form a 5-7 membered ring, such as a 5-membered ring, 6-membered ring, or 7-membered ring.
[0182] In some embodiments, compounds represented by Formula III have the structure shown in Formula IIIa:
[0183] wherein, R1, R4, R5, and n are defined as in Formula III.
[0184] In some embodiments, in Formula IIa, R represents unsubstituted.
[0185] In some embodiments, n is selected from 1, 2, 3, or 4. In some embodiments, n is selected from 1 or 2.
[0186] In some embodiments, in Formula III and Formula IIIa, the alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl represented by R1 can be,but not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl. In some embodiments, in Formula III and Formula IIIa, the alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl represented by R1 can be, but not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl. In some embodiments, in Formula III and Formula IIIa, R1 independently represents hydrogen, or the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, or naphthyl. In some specific embodiments, in Formula III and Formula IIIa, R1 represents hydrogen.
[0187] In some embodiments, in Formula III, the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl represented by R2 can be, but not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl; substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula III, the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl represented by R2 can be, but not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl; substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C15 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula III, R2 represents hydrogen, or the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, or quinolinyl. In some embodiments, in Formula III, R2 represents hydrogen, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, or C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl. In some specific embodiments, in Formula III, R2 represents hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl.
[0188] In some embodiments, in Formula III, the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl represented by R3 can be, but not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl; substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula III, the alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl represented by R3 can be, but not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl; substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C15 heteroaryl. In some embodiments, in Formula III, R3 represents hydrogen, or the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, or quinolinyl. In some embodiments, in Formula III, R3 represents hydrogen, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, or C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl. In some specific embodiments, in Formula III, R3represents hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl.
[0189] In some embodiments, in Formula III and Formula IIIa, the alkyl and cycloalkyl represented by R4 may include, but are not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 branched-chain alkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, in Formula III and Formula IIIa, the alkyl and cycloalkyl represented by R4 may include, but are not limited to: substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, in Formula III and Formula IIIa, R4 independently represents hydrogen, or the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some specific embodiments, in Formula III and Formula IIIa, R4 represents hydrogen.
[0190] In some embodiments, Formula III and Formula IIIa, R5 represents substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C7-C30 fused cycloalkyl aryl. In some embodiments, R5 represents substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 monocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C4-C12 bicycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C4-C12 tricycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 mono-spiroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 di-spiroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroaryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C7-C20 fused cycloalkyl aryl. In some embodiments, the C3-C8 monocycloalkyl represented by R5 is selected from the group consisting of cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl. In some embodiments, the bicycloalkyl represented by R5 is selected from the group consisting of [4.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [4.1.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.2] bicycloalkyl, [3.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [4.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.0] bicycloalkyl, or [5.3.0] bicycloalkyl. In some embodiments, the tricycloalkyl represented by R5 is selected from [3.3.1.1] tricycloalkyl, and the spiroalkyl represented by R5 is selected from the group consisting of [4, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 2] spiroalkyl, [2, 2] spiroalkyl, [5, 5] spiroalkyl, [5, 4] spiroalkyl, [5, 3] spiroalkyl, or [5, 2] spiroalkyl. In some embodiments, the aryl represented by R5 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, or terphenyl. In some embodiments, the heteroaryl represented by R5 is selected from the group consisting of pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, thienyl, furanyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrrolyl, pyranyl, benzopyranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, carbazolyl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl. In some embodiments, the fused cycloalkyl aryl represented by R5 is selected from the group consisting of benzocyclopentyl, benzocyclohexyl, benzocycloheptyl, andbenzocyclooctyl
[0191] In some embodiments, in Formula III and Formula IIIa, when R1 to R5 contain substituents, the substituents can be one or more, and each independently is selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C6-C12 aryloxy, C3-C10 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphoester, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C2-C8 alkynyl.
[0192] In some embodiments, in Formula Ⅲ and Formula Ⅲa, when R1 to R5 contain substituents, the substituents can be one or more, and each independently is selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, C6-C10 aryl, C3-C10 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C6-C10 aryloxy, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C10 aryl, C3-C10 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl.
[0193] In some embodiments, in Formula Ⅲ and Formula Ⅲa, when R1 to R5 contain substituents, the substituents can be one or more, and each independently is selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, furanyl, thienyl, and pyrrolyl.
[0194] In some embodiments, in Formula Ⅲ and Formula Ⅲa, R5 represents the following substituted or unsubstituted groups:
[0195] when R5 contians substituents, the substituent can be one or more; when the substituents in R5 are more substituents, the more substituents may be the same or different, and each substituent independently is selected from the group consisting of the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, furanyl, thienyl, and pyrrolyl. In some examples, the substituent may be trifluoromethyl or phenyl.
[0196] In some preferred embodiments, in Formula Ⅲ and Formula Ⅲa, R5 represents the following substituted or unsubstituted groups:
[0197] when R5 contains substituents, the substituent can be one or more; when the substituents in R5 are more substituents, the more substituents may be the same or different, and each substituent independently is selected from the group consisting of the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, trifluoromethoxy, or phenyl. In some examples, the substituent may be trifluoromethyl or phenyl.
[0198] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula III has structure shown in Formula III-b, Formula III-c, Formula III-d, or Formula III-e:
[0199] wherein, in Formula III-b, Formula III-c, Formula III-d, and Formula III-e, R1, R4, and R5 are defined as in Formula III.
[0200] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula III includes but are not limited to the following structures:
[0201] In more specific embodiments, the present application discloses that the compound, as a TRADD inhibitor, can control disease progression from the perspectives of anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and activation of autophagy to achieve therapeutic effects.
[0202] The specific pharmacological mechanism is as follows: the compound as shown in Formula I to Formula III disclosed in the present application, or their solvates, tautomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, isotopically labeled compounds (preferably deuterated compounds) , or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, as a TRADD inhibitor, can bind to TRADD. On one hand, they can block the formation of Complex I composed of TRADD, RIPK1, TRAF2 / 5, and cIAP1 / 2, etc., thereby inhibiting the activation of inflammation pathways such as NF-κB, MAPKs, and suppressing inflammation. On the other hand, they can block the formation of Complex II composed of TRADD, RIPK1, FADD, TRAF2 and cIAP1 / 2, etc., thereby inhibiting the activation of cell apoptosis pathways such as caspase-8, and thus reducing cell death. Additionally, the complex formed by the compound as shown in Formula I to Formula III or a solvate, tautomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, isotopically labeled compound (preferably deuterated compound) , or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the present application, with TRAF2 and cIAP1 / 2 released after binding to TRADD can mediate the K63 ubiquitination of Beclin 1, promoting the formation of the Vps34 complex to further activate autophagy, clearing misfolded proteins and other "garbage" in cells, and reducing cell death under stress. Therefore, the compound as shown in Formula I to Formula III or a solvate, tautomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, isotopically labeled compound (preferably deuterated compound) , or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof mentioned in the present application can be used for the treatment of inflammation-related and / or cell necrosis-related acute or chronic disease of the central or peripheral systems.
[0203] PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION
[0204] The pharmaceutical composition comprises the above TRADD inhibitor and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary material. The TRADD inhibitor is a compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above, or a solvate, tautomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, isotopically labeled compound (preferably deuterated compound) , or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III.
[0205] The auxiliary material of the present application comprises but not limited to conventional excipients in pharmaceutical field such as excipient, diluent, filler, adhesive, wetting agent, emulsifier, suspending agent, sweetener, flavoring agents, fragrances, absorption enhancers, surfactants, lubricants, buffering agents, and stabilizers.
[0206] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition can be formulated into any pharmaceutically acceptable formulation as needed, such as tablet, capsule, pill, granule, pellet, aerosol, spray, nasal drop, inhalant, suppository, enema, intramuscular injection formulation, intravenous injection formulation, intra-articular injection formulation, ointment, or patch, etc.
[0207] The administration way of the pharmaceutical composition disclosed in the present application can be extraintestinal, injection, or oral administration. The pharmaceutical composition can be prepared in forms suitable for administration, such as solid, semi-solid, or liquid forms, including aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solutions, or suspensions, powder, tablet, capsule, granule, injection, or infusion forms. The pharmaceutical composition can be administered intravascularly, subcutaneously, intraperitoneally, intramuscularly, by inhalation, intranasally, by airway drip, or by intrathoracic drip. The pharmaceutical composition may also be administered in the form of an aerosol or spray, such as nasal administration; alternatively, intrathecal, intramedullary, or intraventricular administration; may also be transdermal, percutaneous, local, enteral, vaginal, sublingual, or rectal administration. The pharmaceutical composition may be prepared into various dosage forms as required, and may be administered in a dose that is beneficial to the patient determined by the physician based on factors such as patient type, age, body weight and general disease condition, mode of administration, etc.
[0208] In some embodiments of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition is a pharmaceutical formulation, wherein the pharmaceutical formulation is selected from tablet, capsule, pill, granule, pellet, emulsion, solution, suspension, syrup, elixir, powder, aerosol, spray, nasal drop, inhalant, suppository, enema, intramuscular injection formulation, intravenous injection formulation, intra-articular injection formulation, ointment, or patch.
[0209] When the pharmaceutical formulation disclosed in the present application is a solid form such as capsule, tablet, pill, troch, and granule, the compound is mixed with at least one conventional inert excipient (or carrier) , such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate, or mixed with the following components: (a) a filler or a bulking agent, such as starch, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and Silicic acid; (b) a binder, such as hydroxypropyl cellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, and gum arabic; (c) a humectant, such as glycerin; (d) a disintegrant, such as agar, calcium carbonate, potato starch or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain complex silicates, and sodium carbonate; (e) a retarding solvent, such as paraffin; (f) an absorption accelerator, such as quaternary ammonium compounds; (g) a wetting agent, such as cetyl alcohol and glycerol monostearate; (h) adsorbents, such as kaolin; and (i) lubricants, such as talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, solid polyethylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, or mixtures thereof. Acapsule, tablet, or pill may also contains a buffering agent.
[0210] When the pharmaceutical formulation disclosed in the present application is a liquid form such as pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, or elixirs, the pharmaceutical composition may comprise conventional inert diluents used in the field, such as water or other solvents, solubilizers and emulsifiers, for example, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol, 1, 3-butylene glycol, dimethylformamide, and oils, especially cottonseed oil, peanut oil, corn germ oil, olive oil, castor oil, and sesame oil, or mixtures thereof. In addition to these inert diluents, the compositions may also comprise a wetting agent, emulsifier, and suspending agent, sweetener, flavoring agent, and fragrance. The suspensions may contain a suspending agent such as ethoxylated isoctadecanol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and dehydrated sorbitol esters, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum methanol and AGAR or mixtures thereof.
[0211] When the pharmaceutical formulation disclosed in the present application is an extraintestinal injection form, the pharmaceutical composition may comprise physiologically acceptable sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solution, dispersion, suspension, or emulsion and sterile powder for reconstitution into sterile injectable solution or dispersion. Suitable aqueous or non-aqueous carrier, diluent, solvent, or excipient includes water, ethanol, polyols, and suitable mixtures thereof.
[0212] The pharmaceutical formulation of the present application is a local administration form, such as ointment, powder, patch, spray, inhalant, etc., the active ingredient in the pharmaceutical composition is mixed with a physiologically acceptable carrier and any preservative, buffer, or propellant that may be necessary under sterile conditions.
[0213] USE OF THE TRADD INHIBITOR AND THE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION
[0214] The present application also provides use of the TRADD inhibitor and the pharmaceutical composition in the preparation of drugs for preventing or treating an inflammation-related disease and / or a cell necrosis-related apoptosis, and an autophagy-related disease.
[0215] According to some embodiments of the present application, the inflammation-related disease is an inflammatory central nervous system condition or disease related to TNF-α-associated, or an inflammatory peripheral system condition or disease.
[0216] According to some embodiments of the present application, the inflammatory central nervous system condition or disease comprises a diseases or condition caused by excessive activation of immune cells in the brain or involved by cytokines, especially TNF-α, or a clinically identified central nervous system inflammatory disease type, such as encephalitis, meningitis, encephalomyelitis, viral, bacterial, or autoimmune encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, brain and spinal cord trauma, brain contusion, subdural hematoma, and spinal cord injury and cerebral vasculitis caused by various reasons.
[0217] According to some embodiments of the present application, the inflammatory peripheral system condition or disease comprises pyemia, vasculitis, dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, scleroderma, arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory myopathy, acute and chronic nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, dry eye syndrome, uveitis, intraocular inflammation, eyelid inflammation, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, keratitis, autoimmune uveitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus nephritis, thyroiditis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver, viral and non-viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic recurrent hepatitis, cirrhosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, temporal arteritis, Crohn's disease, enteritis, colitis, ulcerative colitis, lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, immune complex vasculitis, myocarditis, ischemic heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, pre-eclampsia, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, allograft rejection, pneumonia, acute lung injury, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tracheitis, bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases caused by liver fibrosis, and inflammation caused by autoimmune function.
[0218] According to some embodiments of the present application, the cell necrosis-related apoptosis-related disease comprises nerve injury, neurobehavioral defects, neurodegenerative diseases, excitotoxicity of the nervous system, a disease or condition caused by misfolded protein accumulation in cells or by impaired autophagy, or a clinically identified disease type (such as stroke (hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke) ) , chronic demyelinating diseases of the nervous system, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, chronic traumatic brain injury and frontotemporal dementia, AIDS-related neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, limb weakness caused by neurobehavioral defects, cognitive neurobehavioral defects caused by nerve injury (such as visual, gustatory, olfactory, auditory, facial nerve injuries, mania, emotional disorders) , depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, phobias and other mental illnesses, primary open-angle glaucoma, heart disease, heart failure, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, chronic renal failure, renal injury, pulmonary injury.
[0219] PREVENTION OR TREATMENT METHOD
[0220] The present application also provides a method for preventing or treating acute or chronic diseases of the central or peripheral system related to inflammation and / or cell necrosis, comprising administering to subjects in need a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above, or a solvate, tautomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, isotopically labeled compound (preferably deuterated compound) , or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above, or the pharmaceutical composition above.
[0221] According to some embodiments of the present application, the inflammation-related disease is an inflammatory central nervous system condition or disease related to TNF-α-associated, or an inflammatory peripheral system condition or disease.
[0222] According to some embodiments of the present application, the inflammatory central nervous system condition or disease comprises a diseases or condition caused by excessive activation of immune cells in the brain or involved by cytokines, especially TNF-α, or a clinically identified central nervous system inflammatory disease type, such as encephalitis, meningitis, encephalomyelitis, viral, bacterial, or autoimmune encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, brain and spinal cord trauma, brain contusion, subdural hematoma, and spinal cord injury and cerebral vasculitis caused by various reasons.
[0223] According to some embodiments of the present application, the inflammatory peripheral system condition or disease comprises pyemia, vasculitis, dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, scleroderma, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory myopathy, acute and chronic nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, dry eye syndrome, uveitis, intraocular inflammation, eyelid inflammation, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, keratitis, autoimmune uveitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus nephritis, thyroiditis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver, viral and non-viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic recurrent hepatitis, cirrhosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, temporal arteritis, Crohn's disease, enteritis, colitis, ulcerative colitis, lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, immune complex vasculitis, myocarditis, ischemic heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, pre-eclampsia, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, allograft rejection, pneumonia, acute lung injury, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tracheitis, bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases caused by liver fibrosis, and inflammation caused by autoimmune function.
[0224] According to some embodiments of the present application, the cell necrosis-related apoptosis-related disease is selected from nerve injury, neurobehavioral defects, neurodegenerative diseases, excitotoxicity of the nervous system, a disease or condition caused by misfolded protein accumulation in cells or by impaired autophagy, or a clinically identified disease type (such as stroke (hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke) ) , chronic demyelinating diseases of the nervous system, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, chronic traumatic brain injury and frontotemporal dementia, AIDS-related neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, limb weakness caused by neurobehavioral defects, cognitive neurobehavioral defects caused by nerve injury (such as visual, gustatory, olfactory, auditory, facial nerve injuries, mania, emotional disorders) , depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, phobias and other mental illnesses, primary open-angle glaucoma, heart disease, heart failure, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, chronic renal failure, renal injury, pulmonary injury.
[0225] In the present application, the subjects may be a mammal, and the preferred subject is a human.
[0226] The inflammation-related disease mentioned in the invention mainly refers to an inflammatory central or peripheral system disease caused by various causes, especially those associated with TNF-α. Among them, the inflammation-related central system condition or disease comprises, but are not limited to: a range of diseases or conditions caused by excessive activation of immune cells in the brain or involved by cytokines, especially TNF-α, or a clinically identified central nervous system inflammatory disease type, such as encephalitis, meningitis, encephalomyelitis, viral, bacterial, or autoimmune encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, brain and spinal cord trauma, brain contusion, subdural hematoma, and spinal cord injury and cerebral vasculitis caused by various reasons. An inflammation-related peripheral system condition or disease comprises, but are not limited to: pyemia, vasculitis, dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, scleroderma, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory myopathy, acute and chronic nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, dry eye syndrome, uveitis, intraocular inflammation, eyelid inflammation, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, keratitis, autoimmune uveitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus nephritis, thyroiditis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver, viral and non-viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic recurrent hepatitis, cirrhosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, temporal arteritis, Crohn's disease, enteritis, colitis, ulcerative colitis, lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, immune complex vasculitis, myocarditis, ischemic heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, pre-eclampsia, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, allograft rejection, pneumonia, acute lung injury, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tracheitis, bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases caused by liver fibrosis, and a series of inflammation caused by autoimmune function.
[0227] In some embodiments, the cell necrosis-related apoptosis-related disease referred to in the present application is selected from nerve injury, neurobehavioral defects, neurodegenerative diseases, excitotoxicity of the nervous system, a disease or condition caused by misfolded protein accumulation in cells or by impaired autophagy, or a clinically identified disease type (such as stroke (hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke) ) , chronic demyelinating diseases of the nervous system, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, chronic traumatic brain injury and frontotemporal dementia, AIDS-related neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, limb weakness caused by neurobehavioral defects, cognitive neurobehavioral defects caused by nerve injury (such as visual, gustatory, olfactory, auditory, facial nerve injuries, mania, emotional disorders) , depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, phobias and other mental illnesses, primary open-angle glaucoma, heart disease, heart failure, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, chronic renal failure, renal injury, pulmonary injury.
[0228] METHOD OF INHIBITING TRADD ACTIVITY
[0229] The present application also provides a method of inhibiting TRADD activity in a cell or a subject, wherein the method comprising the following steps: contacting cells with the compounds or the pharmaceutical composition; or administering the compounds or the pharmaceutical compositions to the subject. The compound is a compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above, or a solvate, tautomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, isotopically labeled compound (preferably deuterated compound) , or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound as shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III above.
[0230] In some embodiments, the cell is a mammalian cell. In some embodiments, the subject is a mammal, preferably a human.
[0231] Example 1 Synthesis of compounds
[0232] Synthesis method 1
[0233] Synthesis of TRL-1:
[0234] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-1-A2
[0235] 1, 4-Diiodobutane (5.00 g, 16.18 mmol) and N, N-diethylcyclohexylamine (7.50 g, 48.39 mmol) were added to TRL-1-A1 (11.10 g, 81.02 mmol) dissolved in acetonitrile (50 mL) . The reaction solution was stirred and refluxed at 80℃under nitrogen protection overnight. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the obtained crude product was diluted with water (80 mL) and ethyl acetate (80 mL) , and extracted with ethyl acetate (80 mL×2) . The organic phase was washed with saturated brine (80 mL) , dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and filtered. After vacuum concentration, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography purification (eluent: ethyl acetate / petroleum ether) to afford a yellow oil TRL-1-A2 (1.20 g, 53.8%) . MS (ESI) m / z=139.1 [M+H] +. 1H NMR (Cd3Od, 400 MHz) : δ2.26-2.21 (m, 2H) , 1.91-1.87 (m, 4H) , 1.81-1.68 (m, 6H) , 1.51-1.47 (m, 2H) .
[0236] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-1-A3
[0237] TRL-1-A2 (1.00 g, 7.24 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (20 mL) and water (10 mL) , then hydroxylamine hydrochloride (750 mg, 10.87 mmol) and sodium acetate (750 mg, 9.14 mmol) were added. The reaction solution was stirred and refluxed overnight. After the reaction solution was cooled, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was diluted with water (80 mL) and ethyl acetate (80 mL) , and extracted with ethyl acetate (80 mL×2) . The organic phase was washed with saturated brine (80 mL) , dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered. After vacuum concentration, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography purification (eluent: ethyl acetate / petroleum ether) to obtain a yellow oil TRL-1-A3 (235 mg, 21.4%) . MS (ESI) m / z=154.1 [M+H] +
[0238] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-1-A4
[0239] TRL-1-A3 (235 mg, 1.54 mmol) was dissolved in acetic acid (15 mL) , then platinum dioxide (35 mg, 0.15 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature with double-layer hydrogen balloon for 36 hours. The reaction solution was filtered and the filtrate was vacuum dried to obtain a colorless oil TRL-1-A4 acetate (178 mg, 83.1%) . MS (ESI) m / z=140.1 [M+H] +
[0240] Step 4: Synthesis of TRL-1-A5
[0241] TRL-1-A4 (178 mg, 0.89 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) . and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (250 mg, 1.94 mmol) was added, followed by slow addition of chloroacetyl chloride (213 mg, 1.90 mmol) at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-1-A5 (289 mg, crude product) , then the crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=216.1 [M+H] +
[0242] Step 5: Synthesis of TRL-1
[0243] TRL-1-A5 (289 mg, crude product) was dissolved in acetonitrile (10 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (205 mg, 2.01 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. The acetonitrile was removed under reduced pressure, and a light yellow oil TRL-1 formate (24.31 mg, yield 8.4%) was obtained after lyophilization.
[0244] MS(ESI) m / z=282.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ 9.04 (d, J=12.8 Hz, 1H) , 8.62 (s, 1H) , 4.06-4.04 (m, 1H) , 4.04-3.98 (m, 2H) , 3.96 (s, 4H) , 2.25-2.02 (m, 2H) , 1.78-1.64 (m, 4H) , 1.58-1.30 (m, 8H) .
[0245] Synthesis method 2
[0246] Synthesis of TRL-2
[0247] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-2-A2
[0248] TRL-2-A1 (50.0 mg, 0.31 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) , and triethylamine (81.0 mg, 0.8 mmol) was added, and chloroacetyl chloride (67.0 mg, 0.6 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-2-A2 (87.0 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=202.1 [M+H] +
[0249] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-2
[0250] TRL-2-A2 (87.0 mg, crude product) was dissolved in ethanol (10 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (66.0 mg, 0.64 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at 80℃for 4 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a brown solid TRL-2 formate (8.03 mg, yield 8.3%) was obtained.
[0251] MS(ESI) m / z=268.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ8.30 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H) , 6.04 (s, 1H) , 3.81-3.67 (m, 4H) , 3.54-3.48 (m, 3H) , 2.14 (s, 2H) , 1.82-1.52 (m, 8H) , 1.42-1.31 (m, 2H) .
[0252] Synthesis of TRL-3
[0253] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-3-A2
[0254] TRL-3-A1 (25.0 mg, 0.17 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) , then triethylamine (51.0 mg, 0.51 mmol) was added, followed by slow addition of chloroacetyl chloride (23.0 mg, 0.20 mmol) at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-3-A2 (32.0 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=188.2 [M+H] +
[0255] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-3
[0256] TRL-3-A2 (32.0 mg, 0.17 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (5 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (26.0 mg, 0.25 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at 90℃for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a yellow oily substance TRL-3 formate (7.95 mg, yield 15.6%) was obtained.
[0257] MS(ESI) m / z=254.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ9.50 (s, 1H) , 8.51 (s, 1H) , 3.94 (s, 4H) , 3.88 (s, 2H) , 3.46-3.17 (m, 1H) , 2.49-2.43 (m, 1H) , 1.96-1.77 (m, 3H) , 1.75-1.65 (m, 2H) , 1.35-1.14 (m, 4H) .
[0258] Synthesis of TRL-5
[0259] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-5-A2
[0260] TRL-5-A1 (150.0 mg, 0.89 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) , and triethylamine (179.0 mg, 1.77 mmol) was added, followed by slow addition of chloroacetyl chloride (149.0 mg, 1.33 mmol) at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-5-A2 (159.0 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=210.1 [M+H] +
[0261] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-5
[0262] TRL-5-A2 (159.0 mg, 0.89 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (10 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (116.0 mg, 1.19 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 36 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a yellow oil TRL-5 formate (55.0 mg, yield 26%) was obtained. MS (ESI) m / z=276.0 [M+H] -; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ8.88 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H) , 8.20 (s, 1H) , 7.24-7.13 (m, 4H) , 4.43-4.41 (m, 1H) , 3.65 (s, 2H) , 3.42 (s, 4H) , 3.19-3.13 (m, 2H) , 2.75-2.70 (m, 2H) .
[0263] Synthesis of TRL-6
[0264] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-6-A2
[0265] TRL-6-A1 (50.0 mg, 0.34 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (3 mL) , and triethylamine (102.0 mg, 1.01 mmol) was added, and then chloroacetyl chloride (46.0 mg, 0.41 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 20h under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-6-A2 (60.0 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=188.1 [M+H] -
[0266] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-6
[0267] TRL-6-A2 (60.0 mg, 0.32 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (5 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (39.0 mg, 0.38 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at 90℃for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. The eluent was adjusted to pH=9 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with saturated brine, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, concentrated under reduced pressure, and lyophilized to obtain a yellow solid TRL-6 (7.10 mg, yield 7.4%) .
[0268] MS(ESI) m / z=254.1 [M+H] -; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ8.48 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H) , 8.06-7.70 (m, 1H) , 4.03-3.91 (m, 1H) , 3.65 (s, 2H) , 3.55 (s, 4H) , 2.30-2.21 (m, 2H) , 2.02-1.94 (m, 2H) , 1.91-1.84 (m, 2H) , 1.84-1.71 (m, 4H) .
[0269] Synthesis of TRL-7
[0270] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-7-A1
[0271] Spiro [2.3] hexane-5-amine hydrochloride (20.0 mg, 0.15 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (58.0 mg, 0.45 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (2 mL) , followed by slow addition of chloroacetyl chloride (20.0 mg, 0.18 mmol) at 0℃. After the addition was completed, The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction was monitored by liquid chromatography and the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. Alight brown oil TRL-7-A1 obtained after concentration was directly used for the next reaction without further purification (25.0 mg, yield 100%) . LCMS (ESI) m / z=174.1 [M+H] +
[0272] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-7
[0273] The crude oil TRL-7-A1 (25.0 mg, 0.15 mmol) and imidazolin-2-thione (23.0 mg, 0.225 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol (3 mL) and stirred at 90℃for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled and concentrated under reduced pressure. The oil residue obtained after concentration was prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain a white solid TRL-7 formate (16.45 mg, yield 41.2%) .
[0274] MS(ESI) m / z=240.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ9.70-9.68 (br s, 1H) , 8.56 (s, 1H) , 4.50-4.43 (m, 1H) , 3.93 (s, 4H) , 3.90 (s, 2H) , 2.30 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 4H) , 0.49-0.39 (m, 4H) .
[0275] Synthesis of TRL-8
[0276] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-8-A2
[0277] TRL-8-A1 (25.0 mg, 0.12 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) , and triethylamine (37.0 mg, 0.37 mmol) was added, and then chloroacetyl chloride (16.0 mg, 0.14 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-8-A2 (30.0 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=244.3 [M+H] +
[0278] Step: Synthesis of TRL-8
[0279] TRL-8-A2 (30.0 mg, 0.12 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (5 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (19.0 mg, 0.18 mmol) was added, and then The reaction solution was stirred at 90℃for 6 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a yellow oil TRL-8 formate (6.21 mg, yield 14.2%) was obtained.
[0280] MS(ESI) m / z=310.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ9.17 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H) , 8.53 (s, 1H) , 3.92 (s, 4H) , 3.89 (s, 2H) , 3.64-3.57 (m, 1H) , 1.71-1.67 (m, 4H) , 1.48-1.38 (m, 10H) , 1.25-1.10 (m, 4H) .
[0281] Synthesis of TRL-9
[0282] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-9-A2
[0283] TRL-9-A1 (30.0 mg, 0.17 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) , and triethylamine (52.0 mg, 0.51 mmol) was added, and then chloroacetyl chloride (29.0 mg, 0.26 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-9-A2 (37.0 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=216.2 [M+H] +
[0284] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-9
[0285] TRL-9-A2 (37.0 mg, 0.17 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (5 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (26.0 mg, 0.26 mmol) was added, and the resulting solution was stirred at 25℃for three days. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was purified by silica gel column (dichloromethane: methanol=10: 1) and high performance liquid chromatography, lyophilized to obtain a yellow oil TRL-9 formate (20.16 mg, yield 35.9%) .
[0286] MS(ESI) m / z=282.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ8.94 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H) , 8.41 (s, 1H) , 3.90 (s, 4H) , 3.88 (s, 2H) , 3.59-3.56 (m, 1H) , 1.86-1.74 (m, 2H) , 1.72-1.67 (m, 8H) , 1.37-1.31 (m, 4H) .
[0287] Synthesis of TRL-10
[0288] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-10-A2
[0289] [5.1.0] octane-8-amine hydrochloride (20.0 mg, 0.12 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (48.0 mg, 0.37 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (2 mL) , and then chloroacetyl chloride (21.0 mg, 0.19 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. After the addition was completed, The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction was monitored by liquid chromatography and the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. Alight brown oil TRL-10-A2 obtained after concentration was directly used for the next reaction without further purification (30.0 mg, yield 100%) . MS (ESI) m / z=202.1 [M+H] +
[0290] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-10
[0291] The crude oil TRL-10-A2 (30.0 mg, 0.12 mmol) and imidazolin-2-thione (19.0 mg, 0.19 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol (3 mL) , and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction was monitored by liquid chromatography until completed. The reaction solution was cooled and concentrated under reduced pressure. The oil residue obtained after concentration was prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain a colorless oil TRL-10 formate (6.0 mg, yield 16%) .
[0292] MS(ESI) m / z=268.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ9.56 (s, 1H) , 8.54 (s, 1H) , 3.94 (s, 4H) , 3.88 (s, 2H) , 2.50 (s, 1H) , 2.22-2.20 (m, 2H) , 1.81-1.69 (m, 4H) , 1.38-1.25 (m, 3H) , 1.12-1.06 (m, 1H) , 1.03-1.01 (m, 2H) .
[0293] Synthesis of TRL-11
[0294] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-11-A2
[0295] TRL-11-A1 (25.0 mg, 0.15 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) , and triethylamine (47.0 mg, 0.46 mmol) was added, followed by slow addition of chloroacetyl chloride (21.0 mg, 0.19 mmol) at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-11-A2 (31.0 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=202.3 [M+H] +
[0296] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-11
[0297] TRL-11-A2 (31.0 mg, 0.15 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (5 mL) , then imidazolin-2-thione (24.0 mg, 0.23 mmol) was added, and the resulting solution was stirred at 90℃for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by silica gel column (dichloromethane / methanol) and high performance liquid chromatography, lyophilized to obtain a yellow oil TRL-11 formate (24.34 mg, yield 50.5%) . MS (ESI) m / z=268.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ9.26 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H) , 8.56 (s, 1H) , 3.94-3.93 (s, 6H) , 3.73-3.69 (m, 1H) , 1.88-1.84 (m, 2H) , 1.71-1.65 (m, 2H) , 1.53-1.44 (m, 2H) , 1.04-1.00 (m, 2H) , 0.30-0.19 (m, 4H) .
[0298] Synthesis of TRL-14
[0299] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-14-A1
[0300] Octahydropentadiene-2-amine hydrochloride (20.0 mg, 0.12 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (46.0 mg, 0.36 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (2 mL) , and then chloroacetyl chloride (17.0 mg, 0.15 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. After the addition was completed, The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid TRL-14-A1 (25 mg, crude product) . MS (ESI) m / z=202.1 [M+H] +
[0301] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-14
[0302] TRL-14-A1 (25.0 mg, 0.1 mmol) and imidazolin-2-thione (15.0 mg, 0.1 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (2 mL) , and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, and prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain TRL-14 formate (4.1 mg, yield: 10.6%) .
[0303] MS(ESI) m / z=268.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ8.27-8.26 (m, 1H) , 6.04 (br s, 1H) , 4.02-3.93 (m, 1H) , 3.80-3.70 (m, 1H) , 3.59-3.27 (m, 5H) , 2.46-2.44 (m, 1H) , 2.33-2.29 (m, 2H) , 2.08-1.98 (m, 2H) , 1.73-1.69 (m, 2H) ) , 1.68-1.654 (m, 3H) , 1.50-1.28 (m, 1H) , 0.91-0.73 (m, 1H) .
[0304] Synthesis of TRL-15
[0305] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-15-A1
[0306] Decahydroazulene-2-amine hydrochloride (30.0 mg, 0.16 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (62.0 mg, 0.5 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (2 mL) , and then chloroacetyl chloride (20.0 mg, 0.2 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow oil TRL-15-A1 (32.0 mg, crude product) . MS (ESI) m / z=230.1 [M+H] +
[0307] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-15
[0308] TRL-15-A1 (32.0 mg, 0.1 mmol) and imidazolidine-2-thione (17.0 mg, 0.2 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (2 mL) and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, and prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain TRL-15 formate (16 mg, yield: 34%) .
[0309] MS(ESI) m / z=296.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ9.21-9.19 (m, 1H) , 8.59 (s, 1H) , 4.16-4.12 (m, 1H) , 3.92-3.87 (m, 4H) , 3.86-3.70 (m, 2 H) , 2.26-2.11 (m, 3H) , 1.81-1.79 (m, 4H) , 1.67-1.62 (m, 2H) , 1.54-1.46 (m, 1H) , 1.37-1.31 (m, 2H) , 1.28-1.13 (m, 4H) .
[0310] Synthesis of TRL-16
[0311] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-16-A1
[0312] Spiro [3.4] octane-2-amine hydrochloride (30.0 mg, 0.19 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (74.0 mg, 0.57 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (2 mL) , and then chloroacetyl chloride (23.0 mg, 0.21 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. After the addition was completed, The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid TRL-16-A1 (38.1 mg, crude product) . MS (ESI) m / z=202.1 [M+H] +
[0313] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-16
[0314] TRL-16-A1 (38.1 mg, 0.2 mmol) and imidazolidine-2-thione (24.0 mg, 0.24 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (2 mL) and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, and prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain TRL-16 (20.0 mg, yield: 40%) . MS (ESI) m / z=268.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR(CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ9.61-9.59 (m, 1H) , 8.60 (s, 1H) , 4.23-4.16 (m, 1H) , 3.93 (s, 4H) , 3.91 (s, 2H) , 2.25-2.20 (m, 2H) , 1.94-1.89 (m, 2H) , 1.61-1.49 (m, 8H) .
[0315] Synthesis of TRL-22
[0316] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-22-A1
[0317] 6, 7, 8, 9-tetrahydro-5H-benzo [7] cycloen-7-amine (50.0 mg, 0.3 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (80.0 mg, 0.6 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (2 mL) , and then chloroacetyl chloride (42.0 mg, 0.4 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. After the addition was completed, The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. After the reaction solution was cooled, a white solid TRL-22-A1 (70 mg, crude product) was obtainedby vacuum concentration.
[0318] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-22
[0319] TRL-22-A1 (70.0 mg, 0.3 mmol) and imidazoline-2-thione (36.2 mg, 0.4 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (2 mL)and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, and a white solid TRL-22 formate (34.6 mg, yield: 33.6%) was prepared by high performance liquid chromatography. MS (ESI) m / z=304.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ8.57-8.56 (m, 1H) , 8.21 (s, 1H) , 7.16-7.10 (m, 4H) , 3.94-3.91 (m, 1H) , 3.81 (s, 2H) , 3.63 (s, 4H) , 2.84-2.69 (m, 4H) , 1.93-1.92 (m, 2H) , 1.34-1.30 (m, 2H) .
[0320] Synthesis of TRL-31 and TRL-71
[0321] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-31A2
[0322] TRL-31A1 (50 mg, 0.31 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) , and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (81.0 mg, 0.63 mmol) was added, and then chloroacetyl chloride (53.0 mg, 0.47 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature under nitrogen protection overnight. TRL-31A2 (61 mg, crude product) was obtained by vacuum concentration. The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=273.1 [M+H] +
[0323] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-31
[0324] TRL-31A2 (61 mg, crude product) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (32 mg, 0.31 mmol) was added, and the resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for two days. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. The acetonitrile was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was lyophilized to obtain a brown oil TRL-31 formate (20.32 mg, two-step reaction yield 18.9%) .
[0325] MS(ESI) m / z=302.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ10.03 (s, 1H) , 8.56 (s, 1H) , 7.32-7.28 (m, 2H) , 7.26-7.20 (m, 3H) , 3.94 (s, 4H) , 3.89 (s, 2H) , 2.37 (s, 6H) .
[0326] According to the similar synthesis of TRL-31, compound TRL-71 in Table 1 was prepared by using commercially available compounds or referring to the preparation method of intermediate compounds shown below.
[0327] Table 1
[0328] Synthesis method 3
[0329] Synthesis of TRL-4
[0330] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-4-A2
[0331] TRL-4-A1 (100.0 mg, 0.59 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (10 mL) and platinum dioxide (30.0 mg) was added, and the resulting solution was stirred at 50℃for 16 hours under hydrogen and 50 psi environment. The reaction solution was cooled, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a light brown solid TRL-4-A2 hydrochloride (89 mg, yield 86.2%) . MS (ESI) m / z=140.4 [M+H] +
[0332] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-4-A3
[0333] TRL-4-A2 (70.0 mg, 0.4 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) , and triethylamine (102.0 mg, 1.0 mmol) was added, then chloroacetyl chloride (85.0 mg, 0.76 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-4-A3 (87 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=216.1 [M+H] +
[0334] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-4
[0335] TRL-4-A3 (87.0 mg, crude product) was dissolved in acetonitrile (10 mL) , then imidazolin-2-thione (62.0 mg, 0.61 mmol) was added, and the resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 36 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a yellow oil TRL-4 formate (8.64 mg, yield 6.6%) was obtained.
[0336] MS(ESI) m / z=282.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ9.38 (br s, 1H) , 8.58 (s, 1H) , 4.31-4.06 (m, 1H) , 3.97 (s, 6H) , 2.11-1.94 (m, 4H) , 1.59-1.48 (m, 6H) , 1.32-1.30 (m, 4H) .
[0337] Synthesis method 4
[0338] Synthesis of TRL-12
[0339] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-12-A1
[0340] 2-Trifluoromethyl-6-amino-pyridine (160.0 mg, 1.0 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (390.0 g, 3.0 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (6 mL) , and chloroacetyl chloride (135.0 mg, 1.2 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. After the addition was completed, The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and a light brown oily product TRL-12-A1 obtained after concentration was used for the next reaction without further purification, (240.0 mg, yield 100%) . MS (ESI) m / z=239.1 [M+H] +
[0341] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-12
[0342] The crude oil TRL-12-A1 (240 mg, crude product) and imidazolin-2-thione (153.0 mg, 1.5 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol (5 mL) and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled and concentrated under reduced pressure. The oil residue obtained after concentration was prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain a white solid TRL-12 formate (20.1 mg, yield 5.8%) .
[0343] MS(ESI) m / z=305.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ11.61-11.55 (br s, 1H) , 8.31-8.21 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H) , 8.24-8.21 (m, 1H) , 8.08 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 1H) , 7.60 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H) , 3.96 (s, 2H) , 3.54 (s, 4H) .
[0344] Synthesis of TRL-13
[0345] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-13-A1
[0346] 2-Aminonaphthalene (216.0 mg, 1.51 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (260.0 mg, 2.00 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (5.0 mL) , and chloroacetyl chloride (226.0 mg, 2.00 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. After the addition was completed, The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and a light brown oily residue obtained after concentration was purified by flash column (ethyl acetate: petroleum ether=1: 1) to obtain a yellow oily substance TRL-13-A1 (210.0 mg, yield 64.0%) . MS (ESI) m / z=220.1 [M+H] +
[0347] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-13
[0348] The crude oil TRL-13-A1 (210 mg, 0.96 mmol) and imidazolin-2-thione (98.0 mg, 0.96 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol (5 mL) and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The oil residue obtained after concentration was prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain a white solid TRL-13 trifluoroacetates (51.0 mg, yield 13.4%) .
[0349] MS(ESI) m / z=286.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400MHz) : δ11.32 (s, 1H) , 10.98-10.95 (brs, 2H) , 8.22 (s, 1H) , 7.76-7.72 (m, 3H) , 7.58 (dd, J1=8.8 Hz, J2=1.6 Hz, 1H) , 7.44-7.39 (m, 2H) , 4.24 (s, 2H) , 3.94 (s, 4H) .
[0350] Synthesis of TRL-18
[0351] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-18-A1
[0352] 6-aminoquinoline (212.0 mg, 1.47 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (379 mg, 2.94 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (5 mL) , and then chloroacetyl chloride (332 mg, 2.94 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃, After the addition was completed, The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, obtaining a light brown oily residue. The light brown oily residue was purified by flash column (methanol: dichloromethane=1: 20) to obtain a yellow oil TRL-18-A1 (201 mg, yield 62%) . MS (ESI) m / z=221.0 [M+H] +
[0353] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-18
[0354] The crude oil TRL-18-A1 (201.0 mg, 0.91 mmol) and imidazole-2-thione (93.0 mg, 0.91 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol (4 mL) and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled and concentrated under reduced pressure. The oil residue obtained after concentration was prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain a white solid TRL-18 (57.08 mg, yield 18.9%) .
[0355] MS(ESI) m / z=287.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ11.06 (s, 1H) , 8.78 (dd, J 1=4.0 Hz, J 2=1.6 Hz, 1H) , 8.33 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H) , 8.29 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H) , 8.18 (s, 1H) , 7.97 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H) , 7.74 (dd, J 1=9.2 Hz, J 2=2.4 Hz, 1H) , 7.48 (q, J=4.0 Hz, 1H) , 3.96 (s, 2H) , 3.58 (s, 4H) .
[0356] Synthesis of TRL-19
[0357] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-19-A1
[0358] 5- (trifluoromethyl) thiophen-2-amine hydrochloride (80.0 mg, 0.39 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (150.9 mg, 1.17 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (3 mL) , and then chloroacetyl chloride (65.5 mg, 0.59 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. After the addition was completed, The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction solution was cooled and concentrated under reducedpressure, and a yellow solid TRL-19-A1 (115 mg, crude product) was obtained. MS (ESI) m / z=244.0 [M+H] +
[0359] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-19
[0360] TRL-19-A1 (115.0 mg, 0.47 mmol) and imidazolin-2-thione (58.0 mg, 0.57 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (2 mL) and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain TRL-19 (58.8 mg, yield 35.0%) .
[0361] MS(ESI) m / z=309.9 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ8.18-8.17 (m, 1H) , 7.46 (d, J=3.2Hz, 1H) , 6.73 (d, J=4.0Hz, 1H) , 4.03 (s, 2H) , 3.58 (s, 4H) .
[0362] Synthesis of TRL-20
[0363] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-20-A1
[0364] 6-aminoisoquinoline (300.0 mg, 2.1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) , and NaH (166.4 mg, 4.2 mmol) was added at 0℃, and The reaction solution was stirred at 0℃ for 0.5 h. Next, to the resulting mixture was added chloroacetyl chloride (350.0 mg, 3.1 mmol) . The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction solution was quenched with water, extracted with ethyl acetate, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid TRL-20-A1 (350 mg, crude product) . MS (ESI) m / z=221.0 [M+H] +
[0365] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-20
[0366] TRL-20-A1 (300.0 mg, 1.4 mmol) and imidazolin-2-thione (167.3 mg, 1.6 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (10 mL) and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain a white solid TRL-20 formate (5.8 mg, yield 1.3%) . MS (ESI) m / z=287.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ11.20 (s, 1H) , 9.18 (s, 1H) , 8.42-8.41 (m, 1H) , 8.31-8.28 (m, 2 H) , 8.07 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H) , 7.74 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H) , 7.63 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H) , 3.97 (s, 2H) , 3.72 (s, 4H) .
[0367] Synthesis of TRL-21
[0368] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-21-A2
[0369] TRL-21-A1 (200.0 mg, 1.39 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) , N, N-diisopropylethylamine (269.0 mg, 2.08 mmol) was added, and then chloroacetyl chloride (231.0 mg, 2.06 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃.The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-21-A2 (178.0 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=221.0 [M+H] +
[0370] Step 22: Synthesis of TRL-21
[0371] TRL-21-A2 (178.0 mg, crude product) was dissolved in acetonitrile (10 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (123.0 mg, 1.20 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a yellow solid TRL-21 formate (31 mg, yield 7.8%) was obtained.
[0372] MS(ESI) m / z=287.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ11.84 (s, 1H) , 8.74 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H) , 8.55 (s, 1H) , 8.43 (s, 1H) , 8.00-7.91 (m, 2H) , 7.89-7.63 (m, 2H) , 7.25-7.20 (m, 1H) , 4.19 (s, 2H) , 3.85 (s, 4H) .
[0373] Synthesis of TRL-28
[0374] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-28A2
[0375] TRL-28A1 (100.0 mg, 0.47 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) , and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (91.0 mg, 0.71 mmol) was added, and then chloroacetyl chloride (79.0 mg, 0.71 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain TRL-28A2 (133.0 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=289.1 [M+H] +
[0376] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-28
[0377] TRL-28-A2 (133.0 mg, crude product) was dissolved in methanol (10 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (71.0 mg, 0.69 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at 70℃ overnight. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a white solid TRL-28 formate (80.0 mg, yield 50%) was obtained.
[0378] MS(ESI) m / z=355.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ11.28 (s, 1H) , 8.62 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H) , 8.52 (s, 1H) , 8.16 (s, 1H) , 8.11 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.88-7.79 (m, 2H) , 4.04 (s, 2H) , 3.70 (s, 4H) .
[0379] Synthesis of TRL-29
[0380] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-29A2
[0381] TRL-29A1 (50.0 mg, 0.24 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (62 mg, 0.48 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (2 mL) , and then chloroacetyl chloride (41 mg, 0.36 mmol) was added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction solution was diluted with water, extracted with dichloromethane, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuum to obtain a product TRL-29A2 (intermediate 2, 68 mg crude product, calculated as 0.24 mmol of initial raw material TRL-29A1) , as a yellow oil. MS (ESI) m / z=289.1 [M+H] +
[0382] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-29
[0383] TRL-29A2 (68 mg, 0.24 mmol) and imidazolin-2-thione (29 mg, 0.28 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (2 mL) . The reaction solution was stirred at 70℃ for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, an off-white solid TRL-29 formate (26.11 mg, two-step reaction yield 27.2%) was obtained.
[0384] MS(ESI) m / z=354.9 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ=11.32 (br s, 1H) , 9.11 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H) , 8.84 (s, 1H) , 8.53 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H) , 8.15 (m, 2H) , 7.76 (dd, J=9.2 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 1H) , 4.00 (s, 2H) , 3.58 (s, 4H) .
[0385] Synthesis of TRL-30
[0386] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-30 A2
[0387] TRL-30A1 (50 mg, 0.23 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (2 mL) , and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (59 mg, 0.46 mmol) was added, and then chloroacetyl chloride (52 mg, 0.46 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reducedpressure, and the crude product obtained after concentration was purified by flash column (methanol / dichloromethane=1 / 10 to 1 / 5) to obtain a light gray solid TRL-30 A2 (48 mg, yield 70.9%) . MS (ESI) m / z=295.0 [M+H] +;
[0388] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-30
[0389] TRL-30A2 (48 mg, 0.16 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (3 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (31 mg, 0.30 mmol) was added, and stirred at room temperature for two days. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a white solid TRL-30 (13.84 mg, yield 21.3%) was obtained.
[0390] MS(ESI) m / z=361.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ11.82 (s, 1H) , 8.47 (s, 1H) , 7.89 (d, J=1.2Hz, 2H) , 3.95 (s, 2H) , 3.90 (s, 4H) .
[0391] Synthesis of TRL-32
[0392] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-32A2
[0393] TRL-32A1 (50 mg, 0.23 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) , and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (59 mg, 0.46 mmol) was added, and then chloroacetyl chloride (38 mg, 0.34 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reducedpressure to obtain TRL-32A2 (58 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=294.9 [M+H] +
[0394] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-32
[0395] TRL-32A2 (58 mg, crude product) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (35 mg, 0.34 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for two days. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a brown solid TRL-32 (11.03 mg, two-step reaction yield 11.8%) was obtained.
[0396] MS(ESI) m / z=360.9 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ11.23 (s, 1H) , 8.71 (d, J=2.0Hz, 1H) , 8.19 (d, J=8.2Hz, 1H) , 8.16 (s, 1H) , 7.70-7.67 (m, 1H) , 3.98 (s, 2H) , 3.59 (s, 4H) .
[0397] According to the similar synthesis of the above compound TRL-32, the following compounds in Table 2 were prepared by using commercially available compounds or referring to the preparation method of intermediate compounds shown below.
[0398] Table 2
[0399] Synthesis method 5
[0400] Synthesis of TRL-46
[0401] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-46A2
[0402] TRL-46A1 (300 mg, 1.12 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (10 mL) and thiourea (112 mg, 1.47 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at 80℃overnight. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum, and purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: methanol / dichloromethane) to obtain a white solid TRL-46A2 (212 mg, 77.5%yield) . MS (ESI) m / z=245.2 [M+H] +.
[0403] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-46A3
[0404] TRL-46A2 (212 mg, 0.87 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) , and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (224 mg, 1.73 mmol) was added, and then chloroacetyl chloride (145 mg, 1.29 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was diluted with water (40 mL) and ethyl acetate (80 mL) , extracted with ethyl acetate (40 mL×2) , washed with saturated brine (40 mL) , dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuum, and the obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: 20%to 40%ethyl acetate / petroleum ether) to obtain TRL-46A3 (210 mg, 75.4%yield) as a yellow oil. MS (ESI) m / z =321.0 [M+H] +.
[0405] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-46
[0406] TRL-46A3 (210 mg, 0.66 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (74 mg, 0.73 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for two days. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, TRL-46 formate (34.12 mg, 11.95%yield) as a white solid was obtained. MS (ESI) m / z=386.9 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ8.17 (s, 1H) , 8.13 (s, 1H) , 8.11 (s, 1H) , 7.88 (s, 1H) , 7.81 (s, 1H) , 7.79 (s, 1H) , 4.03 (s, 2H) , 3.56 (s, 4H) .
[0407] Synthesis method 5*
[0408] Synthesis of TRL-51
[0409] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-51A2
[0410] Quinoline-7-amine (100 mg, 0.69 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) , and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (179 mg, 1.39 mmol) was added, and then chloroacetyl chloride (115 mg, 1.04 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum and purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: methanol / dichloromethane) , to obtain a yellow oily product TRL-51A2 (70 mg, 46.0%yield) . MS (ESI) m / z=221.2 [M+H] +.
[0411] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-51
[0412] TRL-51A2 (70 mg, 0.32 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) and ethanol (10 mL) , and 1-methylimidazolidine-2-thione (55 mg, 0.47 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at 70℃for 20 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown oil. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, TRL-51 (3.97 mg, 3.9%yield) as a brown oil was obtained.
[0413] MS(ESI) m / z=301.0 [M+H] +. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ10.97 (s, 1H) , 8.86 (d, J=2.4Hz, 1H) , 8.41 (s, 1H) , 8.30 (d, J=7.6Hz, 1H) , 7.96 (d, J=8.8Hz, 1H) , 7.73 (d, J=8.8Hz, 1H) , 7.46-7.43 (m, 1H) , 4.41 (s, 2H) , 3.91-3.80 (m, 4H) , 3.09 (s, 3H) .
[0414] Synthesis method 6
[0415] Synthesis of TRL-17
[0416] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-17-A2
[0417] TRL-17-A1 (500 mg, 2.60 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) and water (3 mL) , and lithium hydroxide (125 mg, 5.21 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, dissolved in dichloromethane and filtered. The filtrate was dried under reduced pressure to obtain a colorless oil TRL-17-A2 (417.0 mg, 87.2%) . MS (ESI) m / z=178.9 [M+H] +
[0418] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-17-A3
[0419] TRL-17-A2 (417.0 mg, 2.34 mmol) was dissolved in sulfoxide chloride (10 mL) , and 1-2 drops of N, N-dimethylformamide were dropped, and The reaction solution was stirred at 70℃for 4 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove excess sulfoxide chloride to obtain TRL-17-A3 (476.0 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=196.9 [M+H] +
[0420] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-17-A4
[0421] 2-aminoindene (318.0 mg, 2.39 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) , and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (455.0 mg, 3.50 mmol) was added. Then TRL-17-A3 (476.0 mg, crude product) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) and slowly added into the reaction solution at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product, and the crude product was diluted with water (20 mL) and dichloromethane (20 mL) , and extracted with dichloromethane (20 mL×2) . The organic phase was washed with saturated brine (20 mL) , dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered. After vacuum concentration, the crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: dichloromethane / methanol) to obtain a light brown solid TRL-17-A4 (270 mg, 39.4%) . MS (ESI) m / z=294.0 [M+H] +
[0422] Step 4: Synthesis of TRL-17
[0423] TRL-17-A4 (170 mg, 0.58 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (10 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (88 mg, 0.87 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 70℃for 48 h. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a white solid TRL-17 formate (5.14 mg, yield 2.5%) was obtained.
[0424] LCMS (ESI) m / z=316.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (Cd3Od, 400 MHz) : δ8.52 (s, 1H) , 7.22-7.13 (m, 4H) , 4.58-4.54 (m, 1H) , 3.92 (s, 4H) , 3.26-3.19 (m, 4H) , 2.86-2.80 (m, 2H) , 1.67-1.63 (m, 2H) , 1.24-1.19 (m, 1H) , 0.92-0.88 (m, 1H) .
[0425] Synthesis of TRL-33
[0426] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-33 A2
[0427] TRL-33A1 (150 mg, 0.70 mmol) was dissolved in sulfoxide chloride (10 mL) , 1-2 drops of N, N-dimethylformamide was dropped, and The reaction solution was stirred and refluxed at 70℃for 4 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove excess sulfoxide chloride to obtain TRL-33A2 (150 mg, crude product) . The crude product was directly used for the next step.
[0428] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-33 A3
[0429] 7-aminoquinoline (100 mg, 0.69 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (180 mg, 1.39 mmol) was added. Then TRL-33A2 (150 mg, crude product) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) and slowly added into the reaction solution at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the obtained crude product was diluted with water (20 mL) and dichloromethane (20 mL) , extracted with dichloromethane (20 mL×2) . The organic phase was washed with saturated brine (20 mL) , dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuum, and the obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: dichloromethane / methanol) to obtain a brown solid TRL-33 A3 (150 mg, two-step reaction yield 72.2%) . MS (ESI) m / z=297.2 [M+H] +
[0430] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-33
[0431] TRL-33 A3 (150 mg, 0.51 mmol) was dissolved in a mixed solution of tetrahydrofuran and ethanol (5 mL+5 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (67 mg, 0.66 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred and refluxed at 100℃overnight. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a yellow oil. The oil was purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a yellow solid TRL-33 formate (12.11 mg, yield 5.8%) was obtained.
[0432] MS(ESI) m / z=363.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ11.01 (s, 1H) , 8.84-8.83 (m, 1H) , 8.39 (d, J=2Hz, 1H) , 8.26 (d, J=7.2Hz, 1H) , 8.18 (s, 1H) , 7.91 (d, J=8.8Hz, 1H) , 7.68 (dd, J1=8.8Hz, J2=2.0Hz, 1H) , 7.57-7.55 (m, 2H) , 7.43-7.32 (m, 4H) , 5.79 (s, 1H) , 3.51 (s, 4H) .
[0433] Synthesis method 7
[0434] Synthesis of TRL-49
[0435] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-49
[0436] 2-chloro-2-phenyl-N- (quinolin-7-yl) acetamide (150 mg, 0.51 mmol) was dissolved in a mixed solution of tetrahydrofuran and ethanol (5 mL+5 mL) , and 1-methylimidazolidine-2-thione (77 mg, 0.66 mmol) was added. The reaction was refluxed and stirred overnight at 70℃. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a yellow oil. The oil was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a yellow solid 2- ( (1-methyl-4, 5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl) thio) -2-phenyl-N- (quinoline-7-yl) acetamide formate (35.28 mg, 16.4%yield) was obtained.
[0437] MS(ESI) m / z=377.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ11.01 (s, 1H) , 8.84-8.83 (m, 1H) , 8.40 (s, 1H) , 8.26 (d, J=7.6Hz, 1H) , 8.17 (d, J=2.4Hz, 1H) , 7.91 (d, J=9.2Hz, 1H) , 7.68 (dd, J1=2.0Hz, J2=9.2Hz, 1H) , 7.59 (s, 1H) , 7.57 (s, 1H) , 7.43-7.33 (m, 4H) , 5.78 (d, J=2.4Hz, 1H) , 3.65-3.60 (m, 2H) , 3.33-3.29 (m, 2H) , 2.72 (s, 3H) .
[0438] Synthesis method 8
[0439] Synthesis of TRL-23
[0440] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-23-A1
[0441] 2-hydroxybutyrate (1.0 g, 9.8 mmol) , p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (0.4 g, 1.96 mmol) and 3- (trifluoromethyl) aniline (1.9 g, 11.76 mmol) were mixed and stirred at 220℃under microwave for 10 minutes. After the reaction solution was cooled, water was added, and the reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated to obtain a yellow solid TRL-23-A1 (1.8 g, yield: 75%) . MS (ESI) m / z=246.1 [M+H] +
[0442] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-23-A2
[0443] Triphenylphosphine (1.7 g, 6.4 mmol) and bromine (0.9 g, 5.6 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (20 mL) , stirred at 0℃for 10 minutes, and then imidazole (0.4 g, 6.4 mmol) and TRL-23-A1 (1.2 g, 4.9 mmol) were added. After the addition was completed, The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was passed through a silica gel column (ethyl acetate / petroleum ether) to obtain a yellow solid TRL-23-A2 (600 mg, yield: 40%) . MS (ESI) m / z=308.0 [M+H] +
[0444] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-23
[0445] TRL-23-A2 (200.0 mg, 0.65 mmol) and imidazolin-2-thione (80.0 mg, 0.8 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (5 mL) and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, and purified by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain TRL-23 formate (11.3 mg, yield: 4.6%) .
[0446] MS(ESI) m / z=330.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400MHz) : δ10.42 (s, 2H) , 7.93 (s, 1H) , 7.70 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H) , 7.55-7.47 (m, 2H) , 5.21-2.18 (m, 1H) , 4.06-4.05 (m, 6H) , 3.07-3.06 (m, 1H) , 2.29-2.28 (m, 1H) .
[0447] Synthesis method 9
[0448] Synthesis of TRL-52
[0449] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-52A2
[0450] 2- (trifluoromethyl) -7-bromoquinoline (250 mg, 0.91 mmol) was dissolved in 1, 4-dioxane (10 mL) , and 3-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one (130 mg, 1.29 mmol) , tridibenzylideneacetone dipalladium (39 mg, 0.04 mmol) , 4, 5-bis (diphenylphosphino) -9, 9-dimethylxanthene (74 mg, 0.13 mmol) and cesium carbonate (838 mg, 2.58 mmol) were added. The reaction was refluxed and stirred overnight at 100℃. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum, and the resulting residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: methanol / dichloromethane) to obtain TRL-52A2 (140 mg, 52.0%yield) as gray solid. MS (ESI) m / z =297.0 [M+H] +.
[0451] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-52A3
[0452] Triphenylphosphine (58 mg, 0.22 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) , and liquid bromine (33 mg, 0.21 mmol) was added under nitrogen protection and ice water bath and stirred for ten minutes. Then imidazole (15 mg, 0.22 mmol) and TRL-52A2 (50 mg, 0.17 mmol) were separately dissolved in dichloromethane and added to the reaction solution. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the obtained crude product was diluted with water (40 mL) and ethyl acetate (80 mL) , extracted with ethyl acetate (40 mL×2) . The organic phase was washed with saturated brine (40 mL) , dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuum, and purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: methanol / dichloromethane) to afford a yellow solid TRL-52A3 (40 mg, 65.6%yield) . MS (ESI) m / z=358.9 [M+H] +.
[0453] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-52
[0454] 3-bromo-1- (2- (trifluoromethyl) quinolin-7-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one (30 mg, 0.08 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (30 mg, 0.26 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reducedpressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a light gray solid TRL-52 formate (7.77 mg, 22.1%yield) was obtained. MS (ESI) m / z =395.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ8.62 (dd, J1=8.8Hz, J2=2.0Hz, 1H) , 8.43 (s, 1H) , 8.33 (d, J=8.4Hz, 1H) , 7.93 (s, 1H) , 7.91 (d, J=8.8Hz, 1H) , 7.70 (d, J=8.4Hz, 1H) , 5.10 (t, J=8.8Hz, 1H) , 4.10-4.04 (m, 2H) , 3.90 (d, J=9.6Hz, 2H) , 3.65-3.59 (m, 2H) , 3.05-3.00 (m, 1H) , 2.97 (s, 3H) , 2.35-2.30 (m, 1H) .
[0455] Synthesis of TRL-64
[0456] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-64A2
[0457] 1-Bromo-3- (trifluoromethyl) benzene (1498 mg, 6.66 mmol) was dissolved in 1, 4-dioxane (50 mL) , and 5-methylpyrrolidin-2-one (600 mg, 6.05 mmol) , tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (277 mg, 0.30 mmol) , 4, 5-bis (diphenylphosphino) -9, 9-dimethylxanthene (175 mg, 0.30 mmol) and cesium carbonate (3944 mg, 12.11 mmol) were added. The reaction solution was stirred at 80℃for 16 hours under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum, and purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: methanol / dichloromethane) to obtain a brown oil TRL-64A2 (831 mg, yield 51.14%) . MS (ESI) m / z =243.8 [M+H] +.
[0458] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-64A3
[0459] TRL-64A2 (380 mg, 1.56 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (20 mL) , and triethylamine (632 mg, 6.25 mmol) was added. Then to the mixture was added trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (521 mg, 2.34 mmol) in an ice bath. The reaction was reacted at room temperature overnight. After the reaction was completed by monitoring-confirmed, liquid bromine (300 mg, 1.87 mmol) was added to the reaction solution and the reaction was reacted overnight at room temperature. After the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with saturated sodium thiosulfate aqueous solution (20 mL) and ethyl acetate (20 mL) , and extracted with ethyl acetate (20 mL×2) . The organic phase was washed with saturated brine (20 mL) , dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, concentrated in vacuum, and purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate / petroleum ether) to obtain a P1 yellow oil of TRL-64A3 (110.0 mg,yield 21.9%) and a P2 yellow oil (80.0 mg, yield 15.9%) . MS (ESI) m / z=323.7 [M+H] +.
[0460] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-64
[0461] TRL-64A3 P1 (110 mg, 0.34 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (15 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (42 mg, 0.41 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 80℃for 16 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a light gray oil. The oil was purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, TRL-64 formate (59.89 mg, yield 45.2%) was obtained.
[0462] MS(ESI) m / z=344.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ8.15-8.10 (m, 1H) , 7.83-7.78 (m, 1H) , 7.70-7.58 (m, 3H) , 4.97-4.73 (m, 1H) , 4.65-4.48 (m, 1H) , 3.78-3.75 (m, 4H) , 3.00-2.48 (m, 1H) , 2.45-1.82 (m, 1H) , 1.23-1.04 (m, 3H) .
[0463] According to the similar synthesis of the above synthesis of TRL-64, compounds in Table 3 were prepared by using commercially available compounds or referring to the preparation method of intermediate compounds shown below.
[0464] Table 3
[0465] Synthesis method 10
[0466] Synthesis of TRL-24
[0467] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-24A1
[0468] 3-Trifluoromethyl iodobenzene (1.9 g, 7.0 mmol) , 2-piperidone (1.0 g, 10.0 mmol) , cuprous oxide (200.0 mg, 1.4 mmol) , tripotassium phosphate (2.97 g, 14.0 mmol) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (450.0 mg, 1.4 mmol) were suspended in water (10 mL) and the resulting suspension was stirred at 130℃overnight. The conversion rate of the reaction was monitored by liquid chromatography to be about 80%. The reaction solution was cooled and extracted with dichloromethane (100 mL*3) . The combined organic phase was concentrated in vacuum to afford a brown residuewhich was then separated by flash column (ethyl acetate / petroleum ether) to obtain a light brown solid TRL-24-A1 (701.0 mg, yield 41%) .
[0469] MS(ESI) m / z=244.1 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 300 MHz) : δ7.58-7.55 (m, 4H) , 3.73 (t, J=4.5 Hz, 2H) , 2.63 (t, J=5.7 Hz, 2H) , 2.02 (t, J=3.3 Hz, 4H) .
[0470] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-24A2
[0471] To a solution of TRL-24-A1 (122.0 mg, 0.5 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) was slowly added sec-butyllithium (1.3 M in hexane, 1.0 mmol, 0.75 mL) at-78℃, and then stirred for 30 minutes at a constant temperature. To the resulting mixture was added a solution of bromosuccinimide (90.0 mg, 0.5 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) slowly and stirred at-78℃for 2 hours. The liquid chromatography was usedto monitor the disappearance of the raw material, and the reaction was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride solution. Subsequently, the resulting solution was extracted with dichloromethane (50 mL*3) and washed with water (50 mL*3) . The organic phase was concentrated and the obtained brown residue was separated by flash column (ethyl acetate / petroleum ether) to obtain a colorless oil TRL-24-A2 (30.0 mg, yield 18.6%) .
[0472] MS(ESI) m / z=322.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 300 MHz) : δ7.58-7.50 (m, 4H) , 4.76-4.75 (m, 1H) , 3.93-3.84 (m, 1H) , 3.79-3.74 (m, 1H) , 2.56-2.44 (m, 3H) , 2.08-1.99 (m, 1H) .
[0473] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-24
[0474] TRL-24-A2 (30.0 mg, 0.09 mmol) and imidazolin-2-thione (10.0 mg, 0.10 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous ethanol (2 mL) and stirred at 70℃for 5 hours. The reaction was monitored by liquid chromatography. Then the reaction solution was cooled and concentrated under reduced pressure. The oil residue obtained after concentration was prepared by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain a white crystal TRL-24 formate (20.0 mg, yield 57.1%) .
[0475] MS(ESI) m / z=344.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ8.51 (s, 1H) , 7.61-7.55 (m, 2H) , 7.53 (s, 1H) , 7.46 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H) , 4.40 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 2H) , 3.86 (s, 4H) , 3.75 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 1H) , 2.56-2.50 (m, 1H) , 2.25-2.19 (m, 1H) , 2.12-2.07 (m, 2H) .
[0476] According to the similar synthesis of the above synthesis of TRL-24, compounds in Table 4 were prepared by using commercially available compounds or referring to the preparation method of intermediate compounds shown below.
[0477] Table 4
[0478] Synthesis method 11*
[0479] Synthesis of TRL-38
[0480] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-38A2
[0481] TRL-38A1 (228 mg, 0.83 mmol) was dissolved in 1, 4-dioxane (15 mL) , and 3-hydroxypiperidin-2-one (144 mg, 1.25 mmol) , tridibenzylideneacetone dipalladium (37 mg, 0.04 mmol) , 4, 5-bis (diphenylphosphino) -9, 9-dimethylxanthene (69 mg, 0.12 mmol) and cesium carbonate (809 mg, 2.49 mmol) were added. The reaction solution was stirred at 100℃for 4 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum andpurifiedby silica gel column chromatography (eluent: methanol / dichloromethane) to obtain a light yellow colloidal solid TRL-38A2 (210 mg, 40.9%yield) . MS (ESI) m / z=311.1 [M+H] +.
[0482] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-38A3
[0483] Triphenylphosphine (163 mg, 0.62 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) , and liquid bromine (93 mg, 0.58 mmol) was added under nitrogen protection and an ice water bath and stirred for ten minutes. Then imidazole (42 mg, 0.62 mmol) and TRL-38A2 (210 mg, 50%purity, 0.34 mmol) were separately dissolved in dichloromethane and added to the reaction solution. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the obtained crude product was diluted with water (50 mL) and ethyl acetate (100 mL) , and extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL×2) . The organic phase was washed with saturated brine (50 mL) , dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuum, and purified by silica gel column chromatography purification (eluent: ethyl acetate / petroleum ether) to obtain a yellow solid TRL-38A3 (45 mg, 35.4%yield) . MS (ESI) m / z=373.1 [M+H] +.
[0484] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-38
[0485] TRL-38A3 (45 mg, 0.12 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (20 mg, 0.20 mmol) was added and stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was prepared and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a light yellow solid TRL-38 (12.83 mg, yield 25.8%) was obtained.
[0486] MS(ESI) m / z=368.9 [M+H] +. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ8.97-8.95 (brs, 1H) , 8.76 (s, 1H) , 8.31 (d, J=8.0Hz, 1H) , 7.76 (d, J=8.8Hz, 1H) , 7.47 (d, J=8.4Hz, 1H) , 7.20-7.17 (m, 1H) , 7.75 (d, J=2.0Hz, 1H) , 6.72 (t, J=9.2Hz, 1H) , 4.35-4.32 (m, 1H) , 3.22-3.18 (m, 2H) , 2.18-2.12 (m, 1H) , 1.81-1.74 (m, 2H) , 1.61-1.56 (m, 1H) .
[0487] According to the similar synthesis of the above synthesis of TRL-38, the compound in Table 5 were prepared by using commercially available compounds or referring to the preparation method of intermediate compounds shown below.
[0488] Table 5
[0489] Synthesis method 11
[0490] Synthesis of TRL-25
[0491] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-25-A2
[0492] TRL-25-A1 (300.0 mg, 1.69 mmol) was dissolved in sulfoxide chloride (10 mL) , 1-2 drops of N, N-dimethylformamide was dropped, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 70℃for 4 hours. After the reaction solution was cooled and concentrated under reduced pressure to remove excess sulfoxide chloride, TRL-25-A2 (371.0 mg, crude product) was obtained and directly used for the next step. MS (ESI) m / z=196.9 [M+H] +
[0493] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-25-A3
[0494] M-amino (trifluoromethyl) benzene (371.0 mg, 2.30 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) , andN, N-diisopropylethylamine (368.0 mg, 2.85 mmol) was added. Then to the resulting mixture was added TRL-25-A2 (371.0 mg, crude product) in dichloromethane (5 mL) slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, diluted with dichloromethane, washed, dried, concentrated and then flash purified (dichloromethane / methanol) to obtain a light brown solid TRL-25-A3 (450 mg, 83.2%) .
[0495] MS(ESI) m / z=323.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 300 MHz) : δ8.19-8.11 (br s, 1H) , 7.93 (s, 1H) , 7.77 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H) , 7.52 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 1H) , 7.44 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H) , 3.21-3.12 (m, 2H) , 2.78-2.68 (m, 2H) , 2.43-2.38 (m, 1H) , 2.16-2.09 (m, 1H) .
[0496] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-25
[0497] TRL-25-A3 (110.0 mg, 0.34 mmol) was dissolved in NMP (2 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (52.0 mg, 0.51 mmol) and potassium iodide (56.4 mg, 0.34 mmol) were added and reacted at 120℃for 4 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, and directly purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a white solid TRL-25 formate (2.5 mg, yield 2.1%) was obtained.
[0498] MS(ESI) m / z=344.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ10.89-10.81 (br s, 1H) , 8.39 (s, 1H) , 7.91-7.89 (m, 2H) , 7.41 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H) , 7.32 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H) , 3.79 (s, 4H) , 3.69-3.68 (m, 2H) , 1.52-1.49 (m, 2H) , 0.88-0.85 (m, 2H) .
[0499] Synthesis of TRL-26
[0500] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-26-A1
[0501] Cyclopentane carboxylic acid (1.0 g, 8.77 mmol) was dissolved in sulfoxide chloride (10 mL) and stirred at 60℃for 2 hours. Boron tribromide (0.2 g, 0.88 mmol) and bromine (1.7 g, 10.62 mmol) were added and the reaction solution was stirred at 70℃for 3 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, and concentrated by vacuum to obtain a light yellow oil TRL-26-A1 (1.8 g, crude product) . MS (ESI) m / z=212.9 [M+H] +
[0502] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-26-A2
[0503] m-amino (trifluoromethyl) benzene (1.7 g, 10.56 mmol) and N, N-diisopropylethylamine (2.21 g, 17.2 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) , and TRL-26-A1 (1.8 g, 8.57 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and purified by silica gel column (ethyl acetate / petroleum ether) to obtain a white solid TRL-26-A2 (900.0 mg, yield: 31.4%) . MS (ESI) m / z=336.0 [M+H] +; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ10.13 (s, 1H) , 8.13 (s, 1H) , 7.97 (d, J=8.00, 1H) , 7.58 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H) , 7.45 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H) , 2.43-2.31 (m, 4H) , 1.94-1.78 (m, 4H) .
[0504] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-26
[0505] TRL-26-A2 (700.0 mg, 2.09 mmol) and imidazole-2-thioalkyl ketone (255.8 mg, 2.51 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (20 mL) and stirred at 70℃for 48 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, and a colorless colloid TRL-26 formate (61.0 mg, yield: 7.2%) was prepared by high performance liquid chromatography. MS (ESI) m / z=358.0 [M+H] +
[0506] According to the similar synthesis of the above synthesis of TRL-26, the compounds in Table 6 were prepared by using commercially available compounds or referring to the preparation method of intermediate compounds shown below.
[0507] Table 6
[0508] Synthesis method 12
[0509] Synthesis of TRL-27
[0510] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-27A2
[0511] TRL-27A1 (200 mg, 0.71 mmol) was dissolved in 1, 4-dioxane (10 mL) , and 3-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one (86 mg, 0.85 mmol) , tridibenzylideneacetone dipalladium (32 mg, 0.03 mmol) , 4, 5-bis (diphenylphosphino) -9, 9-dimethylxanthene (20 mg, 0.03 mmol) and cesium carbonate (460 mg, 1.42 mmol) were added. The reaction solution was stirred at 80℃ for 4 hours. After vacuum concentration, the reaction solution was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: methanol / dichloromethane) to obtain a white solid TRL-27A2 (112 mg, 52.2%yield) . MS (ESI) m / z=303.0 [M+H] +.
[0512] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-27A3
[0513] Triphenylphosphine (126 mg, 0.48 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) , and liquid bromine (72 mg, 0.45 mmol) was added under nitrogen protection in an ice water bath andthe resulting mixture was stirred for ten minutes. Then imidazole (33 mg, 0.49 mmol) and TRL-27A2 (112 mg, 0.37 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane respectively and added to the reaction solution. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen protection. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was diluted with water (40 mL) and ethyl acetate (80 mL) , extracted with ethyl acetate (40 mL ×2) , washed with saturated brine (40 mL) , dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuum, and purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: methanol / dichloromethane) to obtain a yellow solid TRL-27A3 (78 mg, 57.7%yield) . MS (ESI) m / z=364.9 [M+H] +.
[0514] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-27
[0515] TRL-27A3 (78 mg, 0.21 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (33 mg, 0.32 mmol) was added, and stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a brown solid. The solid was purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a white solid TRL-27 formate (40.96 mg, 45.1%yield) was obtained. MS (ESI) m / z=386.9 [M+H] +.
[0516] 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) : δ8.47 (d, J=2.0Hz, 1H) , 8.35 (d, J=9.2Hz, 1H) , 8.17 (s, 1H) , 8.12 (dd, J1=2.4Hz, J2=9.2Hz, 1H) , 4.66 (t, J=9.2Hz, 1H) , 4.00-3.95 (m, 2H) , 3.50 (s, 4H) , 2.74-2.70 (m, 1H) , 2.33-2.25 (m, 1H) .
[0517] According to the similar synthesis of the above synthesis of TRL-27, the compounds in Table 7 were prepared by using commercially available compounds or referring to the preparation method of intermediate compounds shown below.
[0518] Table 7
[0519] Synthesis method 13
[0520] Synthesis of TRL-54
[0521] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-54A2
[0522] TRL-54A1 (3.50 g, 17.49 mmol) , n-butyl nitrite (3.89 g, 43.75 mmol) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (1.5 mL) were dissolved in methanol (35 mL) and stirred at 40℃ for 26 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, and concentrated in vacuum to obtain a crude product. Ayellow solid TRL-54A2 (2.0 g, 49.8%yield) was purified by silica gel column chromatography. MS (ESI) m / z=294.1 [M+H] +
[0523] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-54A3
[0524] TRL-54A2 (2.00 g, 8.73 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (50 mL) , and sodium borohydride (3.32 g, 87.30 mmol) and boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (12.40 g, 87.30 mmol) were added at 0℃, and stirred at 70℃for 3 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and quenched in ice water. The reaction solution was adjusted with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. After vacuum concentration, the reaction solution was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: 1%to 10%methanol / dichloromethane) to obtain a white solidTRL-54A3 (70 mg, 4.0%yield) .
[0525] Step 3: Synthesis of TRL-54A4
[0526] TRL-54A3 (65 mg, 0.32 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (2 mL) , andN, N-diisopropylethylamine (83 mg, 0.64 mmol) was added, andthen chloroacetyl chloride (55 mg, 0.48 mmol) was slowly added at 0℃. The reaction solution was stirred atroomtemperature for 8 hours undernitrogenprotection. The reaction solution was concentratedunderreducedpressure to obtain a white solid TRL-54A4 (80 mg, 90.0%yield) .
[0527] Step 4: Synthesis of TRL-54
[0528] TRL-54A4 (60 mg, 0.22 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (2 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (34 mg, 0.33 mmol) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at 70℃ for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain a yellow oil. The oil was purified by high performance liquid chromatography. After lyophilization, a white solid TRL-54 formate (30.90 mg, 36.1%yield) was obtained. MS (ESI) m / z=344.0 [M+H] +.
[0529] 1H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) : δ8.23 (s, 1H) , 7.60 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H) , 7.55-7.51 (m, 1H) , 7.43-7.41 (m, 1H) , 4.83 (s, 1H) , 4.70 (s, 1H) , 4.21 (s, 2H) , 3.79-3.70 (m, 2H) , 3.51 (d, 4H) , 3.04-2.90 (m, 2H) .
[0530] According to the similar synthesis of the above synthesis of TRL-54, the compoundin Table 8 was prepared by using commercially available compounds or referring to the preparation method of intermediate compounds shown below.
[0531] Table 8
[0532] Synthesis of TRL-59
[0533] Step 1: Synthesis of TRL-59A2
[0534] TRL-59A1 (499 g, 3.10 mmol) was dissolved in dioxane (20 mL) , and 4-aminobutyric acid (750 mg, 6.20 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature. Next, to the mixture was added sodium borohydride acetate (1.32 g, 6.20 mmol) . The reaction solution was stirred at 40℃ for 24 hours. The reaction solution was quenched, concentrated by vacuum and purifiedby silica gel column chromatography (eluent: methanol / dichloromethane) to obtain a white solid TRL-59A2 (321 mg, 45.0%yield) . MS (ESI) m / z =230.1 [M+H] +.
[0535] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-59A3
[0536] TRL-59A2 (100 mg, 0.44 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) and slowly added with sec-butyllithium (0.25 mL) at-78℃. The reaction solution was stirred at-78℃ for 30 minutes, and then 2-bromocyclopentane-1, 3-dione (172 mg, 0.96 mmol) was added and the reaction was continued at-78℃ for 2 hours. The reaction solution was quenched, concentrated in vacuum to obtain a yellow solid mixture, which was used directly. MS (ESI) m / z=310.0 [M+H] +.
[0537] Step 2: Synthesis of TRL-59
[0538] The crude product TRL-59A3 (calculated as 0.44 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) , and imidazolin-2-thione (54 mg, 0.53 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated and dried to obtain a brown oil. The oil was purified by high performance liquid chromatography. to afford a white solid TRL-59 formate (7.12 mg, yield 2.04%) after lyophilization. MS (ESI) m / z=330.1 [M+H] +.
[0539] 1H NMR (CdCl3, 400 MHz) : δ8.44 (s, 1H) , 7.10-7.05 (m, 4H) , 4.19-4.13 (m, 2H) , 3.81 (s, 4H) , 3.33-3.24 (m, 2H) , 2.85-2.71 (m, 4H) , 2.54-2.52 (m, 1H) , 1.94-1.88 (m, 3H) , 1.52-1.43 (m, 2H) .
[0540] Example 2: Anti-apoptosis experiment of the compound on Jurkat Cell
[0541] The main purpose of this example was to investigate the inhibitory effect of TRL series compounds from Example 1 on cell apoptosis after inhibiting TRADD.
[0542] Method: Jurkat cells were selected for plating. After the cells were stabilized for 1 day, each group was added to 50nM Velcade to induce cell apoptosis. At the same time, compounds were added to each group at concentrations of0.04μM, 0.2μM, 1μM, 5μM, 10μM, 20μM, and 40μM, respectively. After 24h of treatment, Cell Titer-Glo Luminescent (manufacturer: Promega) cell viability assay reagent was added to each group, mixed, and incubated for 10 minutes, followedby detection using a microplate reader for full wavelength scanning.
[0543] Results: As shown in Table 9, all compounds exhibited excellent efficacy in inhibiting cell apoptosis.
[0544] Table 9. Affinity experiment and anti-apoptosis experiment results ofeach compound
[0545] Note: Emax for anti-apoptosis represents the maximum%of inhibition apoptosis, calculated as Emax= (optimal cell viability value in each test dose-cell viability value in velcade group) .
[0546] Example 3: Anti-inflammatory experiment of the compounds on LPS-stimulated BV2 Cell
[0547] The main purpose of this example was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the compounds from Example 1 on BV2 cell under LPS stimulation.
[0548] Method: BV2 cells were selected for plating. After the cells were basically overgrown, compounds TRL-13, TRL-24, and TRL-26 were added at a concentration of 10μM, incubated for 1h, followed by the addition of LPS at a concentration of 100ng / ml. After 6h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected, and the expression level of TNF-αwas detected using ELISA. The ELISA assay kit was purchased from Dako Life Sciences, and the ELISA detection method was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The specific groups were as follows:
[0549] Control group: Cells were plated, and incubated with fresh medium after the cells were basically overgrown. After 6h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0550] LPS group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 100ng / mL LPS after the cells were basically overgrown. After 6h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0551] TRL-13 group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 10μM TRL-13 for 1h, followed with medium containing 100ng / mL LPS and 10μM TRL-13 for 6h after the cells were basically overgrown. After the treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0552] TRL-24 group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 10μM TRL-24 for 1h, followed with medium containing 100ng / mL LPS and 10μM TRL-24 for 6h after the cells were basically overgrown. After the treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0553] TRL-26 group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 10μM TRL-26 for 1h, followed with medium containing 100ng / mL LPS and 10μM TRL-26 for 6h after the cells were basically overgrown. After the treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0554] Results: As shown in FIG. 1 and Table 10, compounds TRL-13, TRL-24, and TRL-26 significantly downregulated the expression of TNF-αproduced under LPS stimulation.
[0555] Table 10. Effect of the compounds on the secretion of TNF-αby LPS-stimulated BV2 cell
[0556] Example 4: Anti-inflammatory experiment of the compounds on MDP-stimulated BV2 Cell
[0557] The main purpose of this example was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the compounds from Example 1 on BV2 cell under MDP stimulation.
[0558] Method: BV2 cells were selected for plating. After the cells were basically overgrown, compounds TRL-13, TRL-24, and TRL-26 were added at a concentration of 10μM, incubated for 1h, followed by the addition of MDP at a concentration of 10μg / ml. After 7h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected, and the expression level of TNF-αwas detected using ELISA. The ELISA assay kit was purchased from Dako Life Sciences, and the ELISA detection method was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The specific groups were as follows:
[0559] Control group: Cells were plated, and incubated with fresh medium after the cells were basically overgrown. After 7h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0560] MDP group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 10μg / mL MDP after the cells were basically overgrown. After 7h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0561] TRL-13 group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 10μM TRL-13 for 1h, followed with medium containing 10μg / mL MDP and 10μM TRL-13 for 7h after the cells were basically overgrown. After the treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0562] TRL-24 group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 10μM TRL-24 for 1h, followed with medium containing 10μg / mL MDP and 10μM TRL-24 for 7h after the cells were basically overgrown. After the treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0563] TRL-26 group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 10μM TRL-26 for 1h, followed with medium containing 10μg / mL MDP and 10μM TRL-26 for 7h after the cells were basically overgrown. After the treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0564] Results: As shown in FIG. 2 and Table 11, compounds TRL-13, TRL-24, and TRL-26 significantly downregulated the expression of TNF-αproduced under LPS stimulation.
[0565] Table 11. Effect of the compounds on the secretion of TNF-αby MDP-stimulated BV2 cell
[0566] Example 5: Anti-inflammatory experiment of the compounds on IFN-γ-stimulated BV2 Cell
[0567] The main purpose of this example was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the compounds from Example 1 on BV2 cell under IFN-γstimulation.
[0568] Method: BV2 cells were selected for plating. After the cells were basically overgrown, compound TRL-13, TRL-24, and TRL-26 were added at a concentration of 10μM, incubated for 1h, followed by the addition of IFN-γat a concentration of200ng / ml. After 24h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected, and the expression level of TNF-αwas detected using ELISA. The ELISA assay kit was purchased from Dako Life Sciences, and the ELISA detection method was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The specific groups were as follows:
[0569] Control group: Cells were plated, and incubated with fresh medium after the cells were basically overgrown. After 24h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0570] IFN-γgroup: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 200ng / mL IFN-γafter the cells were basically overgrown. After 24h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0571] TRL-13 group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 200ng / mL IFN-γand 10μM TRL-13 after the cells were basically overgrown. After 24h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0572] TRL-24 group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 200ng / mL IFN-γand 10μM TRL-24 after the cells were basically overgrown. After 24h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected.
[0573] TRL-26 group: Cells were plated, and incubated with medium containing 200ng / mL IFN-γand 10μM TRL-26 after the cells were basically overgrown. After 24h of treatment, cell culture supernatant was collected
[0574] Results: As shown in FIG. 3 and Table 12, the compounds significantly downregulated the expression of TNF-αproduced under IFN-γstimulation.
[0575] Table 12. Effect of the compounds on the secretion of TNF-αby IFN-γ-Stimulated BV2 Cell
[0576] Example 6: Activation of autophagy in Jurkat Cell by the compounds
[0577] The main purpose of this example was to investigate the activating effect of cell autophagy by the compounds from Example 1 after inhibiting TRADD.
[0578] Method: Jurkat cells were selected for plating. After the cells stabilized for 1 day, 25μM chloroquine (CQ) , 10μM TRL-26, and 10μM TRL-26+25μM CQ were added to each group, respectively. After 16h of treatment, Green Detection Reagent (manufacturer: enzo) was added for staining to detect the level of autophagy activation. The procedure was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Fluorescence intensity was measured using an enzyme label reader, with the following detection conditions: FITC filter (Excitation~480 nm, Emission~530 nm) .
[0579] Results: As shown in FIG. 4, TRL-26 has a good effect of activating autophagy.
[0580] Example 7: Plasma pharmacokinetic study of the compounds in rat
[0581] The main purpose of this example was to conduct a pharmacokinetic study of the compounds from Example 1 in rat plasma, assessing their plasma stability and half-life.
[0582] Method: Male SD rats weighing 200-300g were intravenously injected with 1mg / kg of the compound. Blood samples were collected into tubes containing K2EDTA anticoagulant at approximately 3 minutes, 10 minutes, 0.5h, 1h, 2h, and 4 h after administration. Plasma was separated by centrifugation at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes at 2-8℃after blood sampling. After centrifugation, the plasma was transferred to the centrifuge tube, and the concentration of the drug in rat plasma anticoagulated with K2EDTA was determined by LC-MS / MS. The results were used to construct pharmacokinetic curves.
[0583] Results: As shown in FIG. 5, compared with compound TRL-00 (structure: ) , the TRL series compounds synthesized in Example 1 of the present application showed significantly improved plasma stability and prolonged half-life.
[0584] Example 8: Effect of the compounds in a dry eye syndrome model
[0585] The main purpose of this implementation example was to evaluate the efficacy of compounds from Example 1 in a dry eye syndrome model.
[0586] Method: Adry eye symptom was induced by instilling 0.2%BAC (benzalkonium chloride) eye drops. Male C57BL / 6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were used for BAC modeling. Each eye was instilled with 5μL of BAC solution three times a day for 15 days. At the same time, evaluated drugs were administrated to evaluate the efficacy by measuring tear volume. The specific groups were as follows:
[0587] Blank group: Six C57BL / 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, 5μL / eye, three times a day.
[0588] Model group: Six C57BL / 6 mice, administration: 0.2%BAC, 5μL / eye, three times a day.
[0589] TRL-19 group: Six C57BL / 6 mice, administration: 0.2%BAC, 5μL / eye, three times a day; 0.05mg / ml TRL-19, 5μL / eye, three times a day.
[0590] TRL-22 group: Six C57BL / 6 mice, administration: 0.2%BAC, 5μL / eye, three times a day; 0.05mg / ml TRL-22, 5μL / eye, three times a day.
[0591] TRL-26 group: Six C57BL / 6 mice, administration: 0.2%BAC, 5μL / eye, three times a day; 0.05mg / ml TRL-26, 5μL / eye, three times a day.
[0592] TRL-29 group: Six C57BL / 6 mice, administration: 0.2%BAC, 5μL / eye, three times a day; 0.05mg / ml TRL-29, 5μL / eye, three times a day.
[0593] TRL-30 group: Six C57BL / 6 mice, administration: 0.2%BAC, 5μL / eye, three times a day; 0.05mg / ml TRL-30, 5μL / eye, three times a day.
[0594] Results: As shown in FIG. 6, the synthesized TRL series compounds in the present application significantly alleviated dry eye symptoms in mice.
[0595] Example 9: Effect of the compounds in a psoriasis model
[0596] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in a psoriasis model.
[0597] Method: Apsoriasis model was induced by imiquimod. Male BALB / c mice aged 6-8 weeks were used for modeling. After shaving most of the hair on the back of BALB / c mice, removing the fine hair using hair removal cream, cleaning with clean water and drying, about 62.5mg of imiquimod cream was evenly applied to the back of mice once a day, weighed and photographed before administration, and administered half an hour before modeling for 7 days. The disease status of mice was observed and the mice were sacrificed after 7 days. The specific groups were as follows:
[0598] Blank group: Five BALB / c mice, aged 6-8 weeks, smeared administration with Vaseline, once a day.
[0599] Model group: Five BALB / c mice, aged 6-8 weeks, modeling agent: imiquimod, smeared administration with ethanol, once a day.
[0600] TRL-26 group: Five BALB / c mice, aged 6-8 weeks, modeling agent: imiquimod, smeared administration with 1mg / kg of TRL-26 dissolved in ethanol, once a day.
[0601] Results: As shown in FIG. 7, 1mg / kg of TRL-26 has significant inhibitory effects on psoriasis-like inflammation.
[0602] Example 10: Effect of the compounds in a stroke model
[0603] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds in Example 1 in a stroke model.
[0604] Method: Amiddle cerebral artery occlusion model was induced by suture method. Male SD rats aged 6-8 weeks were selected for modeling. After anesthesia, the common carotid artery (CCA) , external carotid artery (ECA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) were separated, and the distal and proximal ends of CCA and ECA were sutured for later use. The ICA was temporarily closed with carotid clamp, and then the CCA and ECA were lapped in proximal ends. Then, the suture was inserted into the ICA, blocked for 1h, and pulled out the suture. After administering TRL-26, the brain tissue was taken out and TTC stained to determine the cerebral infarction size and evaluate the incidence. Meanwhile, the drug administration group was compared with the model group and the sham surgery group to evaluate the efficacy. The specific groups were as follows:
[0605] Sham surgery group: Fifteen male SD rats, 6-8 weeks old, administration: physiological saline, tail vein injection.
[0606] Model group: Fifteen male SD rats, 6-8 weeks old, administration: physiological saline, tail vein injection.
[0607] TRL-26 group: Fifteen male SD rats, 6-8 weeks old, administration: 3mg / kg of TRL-26, tail vein injection.
[0608] Positive drug group: Fifteen male SD rats, 6-8 weeks old, administration: 6mg / kg of Edaravone, tail vein injection.
[0609] Results: As shown in FIG. 8 and Table 13, a dose of 3mg / kg TRL-26 has significant therapeutic effects on stroke.
[0610] Table 13. Effects of the test compounds on Infarct Area (%)
[0611] Note: Mean±standard error, *P<0.05, compared with the model group
[0612] Example 11: Effects of the compounds in an Alzheimer's Disease model
[0613] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in an Alzheimer's disease model.
[0614] Method: Male PS19 mice aged 8-weeks were selected. Tau fibrils were injected into the lateral ventricle to accelerate the deposition and entanglement of pathological tau in the brain. Simultaneously, a certain dose of TRL-26 was administered for 4 weeks. The hippocampal tissue of mice was collected and the content of tau was detected using the WB method.
[0615] Blank group: Male PS19 mice, 8 weeks old, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, continuous intraventricular injection for 4 weeks
[0616] Model group: Male PS19 mice, 8 weeks old, 6 mice, modeled, administration: physiological saline for modeling, continuous intraventricular injection for 4 weeks
[0617] TRL-26 group: Male PS19 mice, 8-weeks old, 6 mice, modeled, administration: 20mM TRL-26, continuous intraventricular injection for 4 weeks
[0618] Results: As shown in FIG. 9, the tau content in the hippocampus of mice administered with TRL-26 was significantly reduced compared to the model group.
[0619] Example 12: Effects of the compounds in an Osteoarthritis Model
[0620] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in an osteoarthritis model.
[0621] Method: Wistar male rats aged 6-8 weeks were injected 50μL of 40mg / mL MIA (sodium iodoacetate) dissolved in 0.9%physiological saline into the right knee cavity, and were administrated with TRL-26 from the second day of injection for 5 consecutive weeks. The incidence was evaluated by OARSI score, and the drug efficacy was compared among administration group, model group, and blank group. The specific groups were as follows:
[0622] Blank group: Male Wistar rats, 6-8 weeks old, 6 rats, administration: physiological saline, intra-articular injection, once a day.
[0623] Model group: Male Wistar rats, 6-8 weeks old, 6 rats, model drug: MIA, administration: physiological saline, intra-articular injection once a day.
[0624] TRL-26 group: Male Wistar rats, 6-8 weeks old, 6 rats, model drug: MIA, administration: 0.1mg / kg TRL-26, intra-articular injection once a day.
[0625] Results: As shown in FIG. 10, the TRL-26 group significantly alleviated symptoms of arthritis in rats.
[0626] Example 13: Effects of the compounds in a pulmonary fibrosis model
[0627] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in a pulmonary fibrosis model.
[0628] Method: Male C57BL / 6 mice aged 6-8 weeks old were anesthetized and administered a single dose of bleomycin of 5 mg / kg intratracheally to induce pulmonary fibrosis. The mice were administered with TRL-26 started 5 days after modeling and continued for 14 days. The incidence was evaluated used Lung tissues by Masson staining, and the drug efficacy was compared among administration group, model group, and blank group. The specific groups were as follows:
[0629] Blank group: Male C57BL / 6 mice, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection once a day
[0630] Model group: C57BL / 6 male mice, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, model drug: bleomycin, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection once a day
[0631] TRL-26 group: C57BL / 6 male mice, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, model drug: bleomycin, administration: 1mg / kg TRL-26, intraperitoneal injection once a day
[0632] Results: As shown in FIG. 11, 1mg / kg TRL-26 significantly alleviated pulmonary fibrosis in mice.
[0633] Example 14: Effects of the compounds in an acute lung injury model
[0634] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in an acute lung injury model.
[0635] Method: Male C57BL / 6 mice aged 6-8 weeks old were anesthetized and intratracheally injected with LPS of 5 mg / kg, and then were placed vertically and rotated for 1 minute to distribute the droplets to the lungs for modeling. Treatment groups were administered with TRL-26 (1mg / kg) intraperitoneally before LPS stimulation, and lung tissues were collected 24 hours after LPS administration for HE staining to assess the degree of inflammation infiltration in lung tissues.
[0636] Blank group: Male C57BL / 6 mice, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0637] Model group: Male C57BL / 6 mice, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, model drug: LPS, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0638] TRL-26 group: Male C57BL / 6 mice, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, model drug: LPS, administration: 1mg / kg TRL-26, intraperitoneal injection.
[0639] Results: As shown in FIG. 12, 1mg / kg TRL-26 significantly alleviated inflammation infiltration in the acute lung injury model of mice.
[0640] Example 15: Effects of the compounds in a mouse EAE model
[0641] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in an EAE model.
[0642] Method: Female C57BL / 6 mice age 8 weeks old were selected. MOG33-55 was diluted with physiological saline to 10mg / kg, and added into a complete Ferris adjuvant containing tuberculosis bacterium H37Ra with a final concentration of 4mg / mL in 1: 1 equal volume, mixed and emulsified, and 0.1mL of each mouse was injected subcutaneously on both sides of the spine at four points. On the day of immunization and 48 hours later, mice were injected intraperitoneally with 0.5mL of pertussis toxin (500ng / mouse) . After modeling, TRL-26 drug was administered for 18 consecutive days. The incidence was evaluated by Neurologic EAE score of the mice and the drug efficacy was compared among administration group, model group, and blank group.
[0643] Blank group: C57BL / 6 mice, female, 8 weeks old, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0644] Model group: C57BL / 6 mice, female, 8 weeks old, 6 mice, EAE model induced, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0645] TRL-26 group: C57BL / 6 mice, female, 8 weeks old, 6 mice, EAE model induced, administration: 1mg / kg of TRL-26, intraperitoneal injection.
[0646] Results: As shown in FIG. 13, 1mg / kg of TRL-26 significantly alleviated symptoms in the mouse EAE model.
[0647] Example 16: Effects of the compounds in a Parkinson's Model
[0648] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in a Parkinson's model.
[0649] Method: The MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine) was used to induce a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Male C57BL / 6 mice aged 3-4 months were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg / kg of MPTP daily for 5 days. After modeling, TRL-26 of 1mg / kg was administered for 3 weeks. The pole test was used to test motor function was tested by the pole test, and the incidence was evaluated. Meanwhile, the effects were compared between the treatment group, model group, and blank group. The specific groups were as follows:
[0650] Blank group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 3-4 months old, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0651] Model group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 3-4 months old, 6 mice, administration: 30 mg / kg of MPTP, saline, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0652] TRL-26 group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 3-4 months old, 6 mice, administration: 30 mg / kg of MPTP, 1mg / kg of TRL-26, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0653] Results: As shown in FIG. 14, 1mg / kg of TRL-26 significantly alleviated symptoms in the mouse Parkinson's model.
[0654] Example 17: Effects of the compounds in an autoimmune uveitis model
[0655] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in an autoimmune uveitis model.
[0656] Method: Male B10RIII mice aged 6-8 weeks were selected. The human IRBP161-180 polypeptide solution dissolved in PBS was mixed with a complete Verde adjuvant containing 1mg / mL of tyberculin (H37Ra) at a ratio of 1: 1. After full emulsification, 200μL was dispersed at three points for subcutaneous injection, 100μL at the tail root of mice and 50μL at the root of both legs, respectively. TRL-26 was administered at the time of modeling. After 28 days, the incidence was evaluated by clinical inflammation score in the mice eyes, and the drug efficacy was compared among administration group, model group, and blank group. The specific groups were as follows:
[0657] Blank group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0658] Model group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, induced uveitis, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0659] TRL-26 group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, induced uveitis, administration: 3mg / kg of TRL-26, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0660] Results: As shown in FIG. 15, 3mg / kg of TRL-26 significantly alleviated symptoms in the mouse uveitis model.
[0661] Example 18: Effects of the compounds in a colitis model
[0662] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in a colitis model.
[0663] Method: The DSS was used to induce inflammation model in mice. Male C57BL / 6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were fed a 2.5%DSS solution by drinking water for 7 days. And the mice were weighed and administered with TRL-26 daily. On the 8th day, the mice were sacrificed. The incidence was evaluated by measuring the length of the colonic tissue, and the drug efficacy was compared among administration group, model group, and blank group. The specific groups were as follows:
[0664] Blank group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0665] Model group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, DSS in drinking water, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0666] TRL-26 group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, DSS in drinking water, administration: 5mg / kg of TRL-26, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0667] Results: As shown in FIG. 16, 5mg / kg of TRL-26 significantly alleviated symptoms in the mouse colitis model.
[0668] Example 19: Effects of the compounds in a rheumatoid arthritis model
[0669] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in a rheumatoid arthritis model.
[0670] Method: Amouse type II collagen prototype arthritis chronic inflammation model was used. Male DBA / 1 mice aged 6-8 weeks were firstly immunized with chicken type II collagen (CII) . The chicken type II collagen (CII) was dissolved in 0.1 mmoL / L acetic acid, stirred at 4℃and dissolved at a concentration of4 mg / mL, and then placed in a refrigerator at 4℃overnight. On the test day, the complete Flemchii adjuvant containing 4 mg / mL Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 RA was mixed with CII acetic acid solution in equal volume and fully emulsified, to prepare CII emulsifier. The CII emulsifier of 50μL (including CII 100μg / mouse) was injected into the skin of the tail root of mice for sensitization. After 21 days, the tail root was immunized again with the same dose of emulsifier, and incomplete Freund adjuvant (IFA) was used as the adjuvant. About day 29 of the experiment, the model mice developed arthritic symptoms such as redness or swelling of the toe joints. After modeling, TRL-26 was administered once a day. After 14 days of continuous administration, the incidence was evaluated by pathological score of the ankle joint and the drug efficacy was compared among administration group, model group, and blank group. The specific groups were as follows:
[0671] Blank group: DBA / 1 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0672] Model group: DBA / 1 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, induced rheumatoid arthritis, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0673] TRL-26 group: DBA / 1 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, induced rheumatoid arthritis, administration: 3mg / kg of TRL-26, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0674] Results: As shown in FIG. 17, 3mg / kg of TRL-26 significantly alleviated symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in mice.
[0675] Example 20: Effects of the compounds in a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease model
[0676] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease model.
[0677] Method: Male C57BL / 6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were fed a high-fat diet (normal diet for the control group) . After 8 weeks, the mice were divided into groups, and each group continued to be administered according to the group. The frequency of administration was once a day, and continued to be fed with high-fat diet (except the control group) for 4 weeks. Liver tissues of mice were taken for HE staining, and the degree of liver lesions was observed. The specific groups were as follows:
[0678] Blank group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0679] Model group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, high-fat diet, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0680] TRL-26 group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, high-fat diet, administration: TRL-26 at 3mg / kg, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0681] Results: As shown in FIG. 18, 3mg / kg of TRL-26 significantly alleviated symptoms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.
[0682] Example 21: Effects of the compounds in a sepsis model
[0683] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in a sepsis model.
[0684] Method: LPS was used to induce a sepsis model. Male C57BL / 6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were administered with 10mg / kg of LPS via intraperitoneal injection, along with TRL-26. After 4 hours, the mice were sacrificed, and serum was collected. The incidence was evaluated by measuring the TNF-αsecretion with ELISA method, and the drug efficacy was compared among administration group, model group, and blank group. The specific groups were as follows:
[0685] Blank group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0686] Model group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, model drug: LPS, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0687] TRL-26 group: C57BL / 6 mice, male, 6-8 weeks old, 6 mice, model drug: LPS, administration: 10mg / kg of TRL-26, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0688] Results: As shown in FIG. 19, 10mg / kg of TRL-26 significantly alleviated symptoms of sepsis in mice.
[0689] Example 22: Effects of the compounds on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
[0690] The main purpose of this example was to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the compounds from Example 1 in an ALS model.
[0691] Method: Male SOD1-G93A mice aged 10 weeks were administered, followed by behavioral tests after 12 weeks of administration to evaluate disease incidence. The specific groups were as follows:
[0692] Blank group: C57BL / 6 mice (normal genotype) , 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection.
[0693] Model group: SOD1-G93A mice, aged 10 weeks, 6 mice, administration: physiological saline, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0694] TRL-26 group: SOD1-G93A mice, aged 10 weeks, 6 mice, administration: 1mg / kg of TRL-26, intraperitoneal injection, once a day.
[0695] Results: As shown in FIG. 20, 1mg / kg of TRL-26 significantly alleviated symptoms in ALS mice.
[0696] The technical solution of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any technical variation made according to the technical solution of the present application falls within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1.A compound, which is a compound shown in Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III, or a solvate, a tautomer, an enantiomer, a diastereomer, an isotopically labeled compound (preferably a deuterated compound) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: in Formula I,R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;R3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;R4 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;R5 represents polycycloalkyl, fused aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl;in Formula II,R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl;R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;R3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;R4 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;R5 represents cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl;m is an integer selected from 1 to 4;optionally, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached form a ring;in Formula III,R1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl;R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;R3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;R4 represents hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl;R5 represents cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, fused cycloalkyl aryl, or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl;n is an integer selected from 0 to 4;optionally, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached form a ring;optionally, in Formula I to Formula III, the R on each ring independently represents unsubstituted, mono-substituted, or polysubstituted, and R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen atoms, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 haloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, C3-C10 cycloalkoxy, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C6-C20 aryloxy, and C3-C20 heterocyclyl;optionally, in Formula I to Formula III, each of R1 to R5 is independently substituted with one or more substituents selected from the following groups: halogen atoms, cyano, nitro, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 haloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, C3-C10 cycloalkoxy, C6-C20 aryloxy, C3-C20 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C2-C8 alkynyl.2.The compound according to claim 1, wherein,in Formula I, R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, and C3-C8 cycloalkyl, preferably selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl;R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, or C3-C20 heteroaryl, preferably selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, or quinolinyl;R4 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, and C3-C8 cycloalkyl, preferably selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl;R5 is selected from the group consisting of C4-C12 bicycloalkyl, C4-C12 tricycloalkyl, C6-C20 spiroalkyl, C10-C20 fused aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C7-C20 fused cycloalkyl aryl, or C4-C20 fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl;preferably, the bicycloalkyl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of [4.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [4.1.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.2] bicycloalkyl, [3.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [4.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.0] bicycloalkyl, [5.3.0] bicycloalkyl; the tricycloalkyl involved in R5 is selected from [3.3.1.1] tricycloalkyl; the spiroalkyl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of [4, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 2] spiroalkyl, [2, 2] spiroalkyl, [5, 5] spiroalkyl, [5, 4] spiroalkyl, [5, 3] spiroalkyl, [5, 2] spiroalkyl; the fused aryl involved in R5 is selected from naphthyl, anthryl, or phenanthryl; the heteroaryl involved in R5 is selected from the the group consisting of pyridyl, pyrimidyl, thienyl, furanyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrrolyl, pyranyl, benzopyranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, carbazolyl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl; the fused cycloalkyl aryl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of benzocyclopentyl, benzocyclohexyl, benzocycloheptyl, and benzocyclooctyl;preferably, the compound shown in Formula I is notpreferably, R5 is not adamantyl;optionally, in Formula I, each of R1 to R5 is independently substituted with one or more substituents selected from the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkoxy, C6-C12 aryloxy, C3-C10 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C2-C8 alkynyl;optionally, in Formula I, each of R1 to R5 is independently substituted with one or more substituents selected from the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, and pyrrolyl.3.The compound according to claim 1, wherein in Formula I, the polycycloalkyl involved in R5 is selected from the following structures:or,in Formula I, the fused cycloalkyl aryl or fused cycloalkyl heteroaryl involved in R5 is selected from the following structures:inX1 to X4 is selected from C, N, O, S, P, Si, and Se, and at least one of X1 to X4 is selected from N, O, S, P, Si, and Se; x is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5;inX1 to X3 is selected from C, N, O, S, P, Si, and Se, and at least one of X1 to X3 is selected from N, O, S, P, Si, and Se; x is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5;in the above structures, each x is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; each y and each z is independently 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.4.The compound according to claim 1 or 3, wherein in Formula I, R5 is selected from the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: when R5 contains one or more substituents, the one or more substituent are independently selected from one or more of the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, and pyrrolyl.5.The compound according to claim 1, wherein in Formula II, R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, and C6-C20 aryl, preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, or naphthyl;R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, or C3-C20 heteroaryl, preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, or quinolinyl;R4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, and C3-C8 cycloalkyl, preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl;R5 is selected from the group consisting of C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, or C7-C20 fused cycloalkyl aryl; preferably selected from the group consisting of C3-C8 monocycloalkyl, C4-C12 bicycloalkyl, C4-C12 tricycloalkyl, C6-C20 spiroalkyl, C6-C20 di-spiroalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C7-C20 fused cycloalkyl aryl;preferably, the monocycloalkyl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl; the bicycloalkyl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of [4.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [4.1.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.2] bicycloalkyl, [3.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [4.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.0] bicycloalkyl, [5.3.0] bicycloalkyl; the tricycloalkyl involved in R5 is selected from [3.3.1.1] tricycloalkyl; the spiroalkyl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of [4, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 2] spiroalkyl, [2, 2] spiroalkyl, [5, 5] spiroalkyl, [5, 4] spiroalkyl, [5, 3] spiroalkyl, [5, 2] spiroalkyl; the aryl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, or triphenyl; the heteroaryl involved in R5 is selected from the the group consisting of pyridyl, pyrimidyl, thienyl, furanyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrrolyl, pyranyl, benzopyranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, carbazolyl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl; the fused cycloalkyl aryl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of benzocyclopentyl, benzocyclohexyl, benzocycloheptyl, and benzocyclooctyl;optionally, in Formula II, each of R1 to R5 is independently substituted with one or more substituents selected from the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C6-C12 aryloxy, C3-C10 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C2-C8 alkynyl;optionally, in Formula II, each of R1 to R5 is independently substituted with one or more substituents selected from the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, C6-C10 aryl, C3-C10 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C6-C10 aryloxy, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C10 aryl, C3-C10 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl;optionally, in Formula II, each of R1 to R5 is independently substituted with one or more substituents selected from the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, and pyrrolyl.6.The compound according to claim 1 or 5, wherein in Formula II, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached form a 5-membered to 7-membered ring; preferably, the compound represented by Formula II has the structure shown in Formula IIa, wherein, R, R1, R4, R5, and m are defined as in FormulaⅡ;preferably, in FormulaⅡand FormulaⅡa, R5 represents the following substituted or unsubstituted groups:when R5 contains one or more substituents, the one or more substituent are each independently selected from one or more of the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, trifluoromethoxy, and phenyl.7.The compound according to claim 1, wherein in Formula III, R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, or C6-C20 aryl, preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, or naphthyl;R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, or C3-C20 heteroaryl, preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, or quinolinyl;R4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl, C3-C6 branched-chain alkyl, and C3-C8 cycloalkyl, preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl;R5 is selected from the group consisting of C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, or C7-C20 fused cycloalkyl aryl; preferably selected from the group consisting of C3-C8 monocycloalkyl, C4-C12 bicycloalkyl, C4-C12 tricycloalkyl, C6-C20 spiroalkyl, C6-C20 di-spiroalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, C7-C20 fused cycloalkyl aryl;preferably, the C3-C8 monocycloalkyl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl; the bicycloalkyl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of [4.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.1] bicycloalkyl, [4.1.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.2] bicycloalkyl, [3.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [4.3.0] bicycloalkyl, [3.2.0] bicycloalkyl, [5.3.0] bicycloalkyl; the tricycloalkyl involved in R5 is selected from [3.3.1.1] tricycloalkyl; the spiroalkyl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of [4, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 3] spiroalkyl, [3, 2] spiroalkyl, [2, 2] spiroalkyl, [5, 5] spiroalkyl, [5, 4] spiroalkyl, [5, 3] spiroalkyl, [5, 2] spiroalkyl; the aryl involved in R5 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, or triphenyl; the heteroaryl involved in R5 is selected from the the group consisting of pyridyl, pyrimidyl, thienyl, furanyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrrolyl, pyranyl, benzopyranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, carbazolyl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl; the fused cycloalkyl aryl is selected from the group consisting of benzocyclopentyl, benzocyclohexyl, benzocycloheptyl, and benzocyclooctyl;optionally, in Formula III, each of R1 to R5 is independently substituted with one or more substituents selected from the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C6-C12 aryloxy, C3-C10 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C12 aryl, C3-C12 heteroaryl, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C2-C8 alkynyl;optionally, in Formula III, each of R1 to R5 is independently substituted with one or more substituents selected from the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, C6-C10 aryl, C3-C10 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C6-C10 aryloxy, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, amino, hydroxy, thiol, phosphate ester group, -OC (O) R6, -ONR6R7, -NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C6-C10 aryl, C3-C10 heteroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl;optionally, in Formula III, each of R1 to R5 is independently substituted with one or more substituents selected from the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, and pyrrolyl.8.The compound according to claim 1 or 7, wherein in Formula III, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached form a 5-membered to 7-membered ring; preferably, the compound represented by Formula III has the structure shown in Formula III a, wherein, R, R1, R4, R5, and m are defined as in FormulaⅢ;preferably, in FormulaⅢand FormulaⅢa, R5 represents the following substituted or unsubstituted groups:when R5 contains one or more substituents, the one or more substituent are each independently selected from one or more of the following groups: fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, cyano, nitro, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, trifluoromethoxy, and phenyl.9.The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of the following compounds: 10.A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials.11.The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise one or more of a diluent, a filler, an adhesive, a wetting agent, an absorption enhancer, a surfactant, a lubricants, and a stabilizer.12.The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a pharmaceutical formulation, wherein the pharmaceutical formulation is selected from a tablet, a capsule, a pill, a granule, a pellet, an aerosol, a spray, a nasal drop, an inhalant, a suppository, an enema, an intramuscular injection formulation, an intravenous injection formulation, an intra-articular injection formulation, an ointment, or a patch.13.Use of the compound according to any one of claims 1-9 or the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 10-12 in preparation of a drug for preventing or treating an inflammation-related disease and / or a cell necrosis-related apoptosis, and an autophagy-related disease.14.The use according to claim 13, wherein the inflammation-related disease is an inflammatory central nervous system condition or disease related to TNF-α-associated, or an inflammatory peripheral system condition or disease.15.The use according to claim 14, wherein the inflammatory central nervous system condition or disease comprises a diseases or condition caused by excessive activation of immune cells in the brain or involved by cytokines, especially TNF-α, or a clinically identified central nervous system inflammatory disease type, such as encephalitis, meningitis, encephalomyelitis, viral, bacterial, or autoimmune encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, brain and spinal cord trauma, brain contusion, subdural hematoma, and spinal cord injury and cerebral vasculitis caused by various reasons.16.The use according to claim 14, wherein the inflammatory peripheral system condition or disease comprises pyemia, vasculitis, dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, scleroderma, arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory myopathy, acute and chronic nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, dry eye syndrome, uveitis, intraocular inflammation, eyelid inflammation, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, keratitis, autoimmune uveitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus nephritis, thyroiditis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver, viral and non-viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic recurrent hepatitis, cirrhosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, temporal arteritis, Crohn's disease, enteritis, colitis, ulcerative colitis, lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, immune complex vasculitis, myocarditis, ischemic heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, pre-eclampsia, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, allograft rejection, pneumonia, acute lung injury, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tracheitis, bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases caused by liver fibrosis, and inflammation caused by autoimmune function.17.The use according to claim 13, wherein the cell necrosis-related apoptosis-related disease comprises nerve injury, neurobehavioral defects, neurodegenerative diseases, excitotoxicity of the nervous system, a disease or condition caused by misfolded protein accumulation in cells or by impaired autophagy, or a clinically identified disease type, preferably comprises stroke such as hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke, chronic demyelinating diseases of the nervous system, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, chronic traumatic brain injury and frontotemporal dementia, AIDS-related neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, limb weakness caused by neurobehavioral defects, cognitive neurobehavioral defects caused by nerve injury such as visual, gustatory, olfactory, auditory, facial nerve injuries, mania, emotional disorders, depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, phobias and other mental illnesses, primary open-angle glaucoma, heart disease, heart failure, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, chronic renal failure, renal injury, pulmonary injury.18.A method for preventing or treating an inflammation-related and / or cell necrosis-related acute or chronic disease of the central or peripheral system, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the compound according to any one of claims 1-9 or the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 10-12 to a subject in need thereof.19.A method of inhibiting TRADD activity in a cell or a subject, wherein the method comprising the following steps: contacting a cell with the compound according to any one of claims 1-9 or the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 10-12; or administering the compound according to any one of claims 1-9 or the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 10-12 to a subject.