Synthesis and use of a zeolitic material having the itr framework structure type
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BASF SE
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-27
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Figure CN2024106146_23012025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Synthesis and use of a zeolitic material having the ITR framework structure typeTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a zeolitic material as well as to a zeolitic material having the ITR-type framework structure as such and as obtainable from the inventive process. Further, the present invention relates to the use of the inventive zeolitic mate-rials in specific applications.
[0002] INTRODUCTION
[0003] The ITQ-34 zeolite with ITR structure was first synthesized in the presence of germanium spe-cies using hazardous and costly propane-1, 3-bis (trimethylphosphonium) as an organic template (A. Corma et al. in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, pp. 16482-16483) . Because of its unique three dimensional 9 × 10 × 10-membered ring pore structure (aperture size of 4.86 × 4.12, 6.03 × 4.87, and ) , ITQ-34 has attracted much attention. However, when a large amount of germanium species exist in the ITR framework, its thermal and hydrothermal stability is re-markably reduced. In addition, the use of germanium species in the synthesis is costly, which strongly hinders the applications of ITR zeolite as a heterogeneous catalyst. Further, the use of quaternary phosphonium hydroxide generates phosphorous oxides after calcination, which are difficult to handle. Therefore, it is highly desirable to synthesize ITR zeolite in the absence of Ge species and phosphorous-based templates.
[0004] There have been successful examples for synthesis of ITH zeolites, a related framework known to form intergrowth with ITR, without addition of Ge species using quaternary ammonium hy-droxides as efficient organic templates (C. Lei et al. in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, pp. 15649-15655) .
[0005] Further, WO 2021 / 052466 A1 discloses the preparation of a zeolitic material having the ITH framework structure type, wherein a polymeric cation organic template is employed as structure directing agent.
[0006] Thus, there remains the need for a direct synthesis of an aluminosilicate, borosilicate and pure silica zeolite having the ITR framework structure, in particular for obtaining a material which is free of germanium. Furthermore, despite the large variety of existing zeolite structures and spe-cific zeolitic materials, an ongoing need remains for the synthesis of new zeolitic materials with unique physical and chemical characteristics, in particular in view of their increased use in cata-lytic applications like for example oxygenate to olefin conversion, and especially methanol-to-olefin (MTO) conversion.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0007] It was therefore the object of the present invention to provide a new zeolitic material and a method for its synthesis. Furthermore, it was the object of the present invention to provide a new zeolitic material for catalytic applications, in particular for heterogeneous catalysis, and particularly for the conversion of oxygenates to olefins and aromatics.
[0008] Thus, it has surprisingly been found that a zeolitic material of the ITR framework-type structure may be directly synthesized using the N, N’-diethyl-N, N, N’, N’-tetramethylhexane-diyldiammonium hydroxide (Me4Et2-diquat-6) organic template as the structure directing agent. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that the zeolitic materials of the present invention display unique properties in catalysis, and in particular in the conversion of oxygenates to ole-fins, wherein in the conversion of methanol to olefins excellent C3 selectivities may be achieved.
[0009] Therefore, the present invention relates to a zeolitic material having the ITR type framework structure, wherein the zeolitic material comprises YO2 and optionally X2O3 in its framework structure, wherein Y is a tetravalent element and X is a trivalent element, and wherein the framework structure of the zeolitic material comprises less than 5 weight-%of Ge calculated as GeO2 and based on 100 weight-%of YO2 contained in the framework structure.
[0010] It is preferred that the zeolitic material comprises less than 3 weight-%of Ge calculated as GeO2 and based on 100 weight-%of YO2 contained in the framework structure, preferably less than 1 weight-%, more preferably less than 0.5 weight-%, more preferably less than 0.1 weight-%, more preferably less than 0.05 weight-%, more preferably less than 0.01 weight-%, more preferably less than 0.005 weight-%, and more preferably less than 0.001 weight-%.
[0011] It is preferred that Y is selected from the group consisting of Si, Sn, Ti, Zr, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein Y is preferably Si.
[0012] It is preferred that X is selected from the group consisting of Al, B, Ga, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein X is preferably Al and / or B, more preferably is Al.
[0013] It is preferred that the YO2 : X2O3 molar ratio of the framework structure of the zeolitic material is in the range of from 1 to 1, 500, preferably from 10 to 1,000, more preferably from 20 to 500, more preferably from 30 to 400, more preferably from 40 to 300, more preferably from 50 to 250.
[0014] It is preferred that X comprises, preferably consists of, Al, and the YO2 : X2O3 molar ratio of the framework structure of the zeolitic material is in the range of from 1 to 1,000, preferably from 10 to 500, more preferably from 50 to 200, more preferably from 70 to 100, more preferably from 80 to 90.
[0015] Alternatively, it is preferred that X comprises, preferably consists of, B, and the YO2 : X2O3 mo-lar ratio of the framework structure of the zeolitic material is in the range of from 1 to 1, 500, preferably from 10 to 1,000, more preferably from 100 to 500, more preferably from 150 to 250, more preferably from 170 to 230, more preferably from 190 to 210.
[0016] It is preferred that the zeolitic material comprises one or more metal cations M at the ion-exchange sited of the framework structure of the zeolitic material, wherein the one or more met-al cations M are preferably selected from the group consisting of Sr, Zr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably selected from the group consisting of Sr, Zr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of of Sr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of of Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of of Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and more preferably from the group consisting of of Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
[0017] In the case where the zeolitic material comprises one or more metal cations M at the ion-exchange sited of the framework structure of the zeolitic material, it is preferred that the zeolitic material comprises the one or more metal cations M in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to 10 weight-%based on 100 weight-%of Si in the zeolitic material calculated as SiO2, preferably in the range of from 0.05 to 7 weight-%, more preferably in the range of from 0.1 to 5 weight-%,more preferably in the range of from 0.5 to 4.5 weight-%, more preferably in the range of from 1 to 4 weight-%, more preferably in the range of from 1.5 to 3.5 weight-%, and more preferably in the range of from 2 to 3 weight-%.
[0018] It is preferred that 95 or more weight-%of the zeolitic material consists of Si, optionally Al, O, H, and the one or more metal cations M, calculates based on the total weight of the zeolitic materi-al, preferably 95 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 97 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 99 to 100 weight-%.
[0019] According to a first alternative, it is preferred that 95 or more weight-%of the zeolitic material consist of Si, optionally Al, O, and H, based on the total weight of the framework of the zeolitic material, preferably 95 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 97 to 100 weight-%, and more prefer-ably 99 to 100 weight-%.
[0020] According to a second alternative, it is preferred that 95 or more weight-%of the zeolitic materi-al consists of Si, optionally B, O, H, and the one or more metal cations M, calculates based on the total weight of the zeolitic material, preferably 95 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 97 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 99 to 100 weight-%.
[0021] According to a third alternative, it is preferred that 95 or more weight-%of the zeolitic material consist of Si, optionally B, O, and H, based on the total weight of the framework of the zeolitic material, preferably 95 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 97 to 100 weight-%, and more prefer-ably 99 to 100 weight-%.
[0022] It is preferred that Y comprises, preferably consists of, Si, wherein the 29Si MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises
[0023] a first peak in the range of from -105 to -110 ppm,
[0024] a second peak in the range of from -110 to -115 ppm,
[0025] a third peak in the range of from -115 to -120 ppm,
[0026] wherein preferably the 29Si MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises only three peaks in the range of from -105 to -120 ppm,
[0027] wherein the 29Si MAS NMR of the zeolitic material is preferably determined according to refer-ence example 2.
[0028] It is preferred that X comprises, preferably consists of, Al, wherein the 27Al MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises
[0029] a peak in the range of from 50 to 60 ppm,
[0030] wherein preferably the 27Al MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises a single peak in the range of from 50 to 60 ppm,
[0031] wherein the 27Al MAS NMR of the zeolitic material is preferably determined according to refer-ence example 2.
[0032] Alternatively, it is preferred that X comprises, preferably consists of, B, wherein the 11B MAS
[0033] NMR of the zeolitic material comprises
[0034] a peak in the range of from 0 to -5 ppm,
[0035] wherein preferably the 11B MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises a single peak in the range of from 0 to -5 ppm,
[0036] wherein the 11B MAS NMR of the zeolitic material is preferably determined according to refer-ence example 2.
[0037] It is preferred that the BET surface area of the zeolitic material determined according to ISO 9277: 2010 ranges of from 200 to 700 m2 / g, preferably from 300 to 600 m2 / g, more preferably from 400 to 500 m2 / g, more preferably from 425 to 490 m2 / g, more preferably from 450 to 480 m2 / g.
[0038] It is preferred that the micropore volume of the zeolitic material determined according to ISO 15901-1: 2016 ranges of from 0.001 to 1 cm3 / g, preferably from 0.01 to 0.5 cm3 / g, more prefera-bly from 0.05 to 0.3 cm3 / g, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.2 cm3 / g, more preferably from 0.14 to 0.18 cm3 / g.
[0039] It is preferred that the 110 / 111 intensity ratio of the 110 and 111 reflections of the ITR type framework structure in the X-ray diffractogram of the zeolitic material, determined according to reference Example 1, is 4.1 or less, preferably 4.0 or less, more preferably 3.5 or less, more preferably 3.0 or less, more preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less, more preferably 1.4 or less, more preferably 1.3 or less, and more preferably 1.2 or less.
[0040] It is preferred that the zeolitic material, preferably the calcined zeolitic material, displays an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising at least the following reflections:
[0041] wherein 100%relates to the intensity of the maximum peak in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern, and wherein the X-ray diffraction pattern is preferably determined according to reference example 1,
[0042] wherein preferably the zeolitic material, more preferably the calcined zeolitic material, dis-plays an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising at least the following reflections:
[0043] wherein 100%relates to the intensity of the maximum peak in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern, and wherein the X-ray diffraction pattern is preferably determined according to reference example 1.
[0044] It is preferred that the zeolitic material is ITQ-34.
[0045] Further, the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a zeolitic material hav-ing the ITR type framework structure, preferably of a zeolitic material according to any of claims 1 to 21, wherein the process comprises
[0046] (1) preparing a mixture comprising one or more organic templates as structure directing agents, one or more sources of YO2, optionally one or more sources of X2O3, and a solvent sys-tem;
[0047] (2) heating the mixture obtained in (1) for crystallizing a zeolitic material having the IWR type framework structure comprising YO2 and optionally X2O3 in its framework structure;
[0048] wherein the one or more organic templates comprise an organodication of the formula (I) : R2R4R5N+-R1-N+R3R6R7 (I) ;
[0049] wherein R1 stands for (C1-C6) alkyl, preferably for (C4-C6) alkyl, more preferably for hexyl;
[0050] wherein R2 and R3 independently from one another stand for (C1-C4) alkyl, preferably (C1-C3)alkyl, more preferably for methyl or ethyl, and more preferably for ethyl;
[0051] wherein R4, R5, R6, and R7, independently from one another stand for (C1-C6) alkyl, preferably (C1-C5) alkyl, more preferably (C1-C4) alkyl, more preferably (C1-C3) alkyl, more preferably for me-thyl or ethyl, and more preferably for methyl.
[0052] It is preferred that Y is selected from the group consisting of Si, Sn, Ti, Zr, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably Y being Si and / or Ti, wherein Y is more preferably Si.
[0053] It is preferred that X is selected from the group consisting of Al, B, In, Ga, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of Al, B, Ga, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably X being Al and / or B, wherein X is more preferably Al.
[0054] It is preferred that the one or more sources of YO2 comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of fumed silica, silica hydrosols, reactive amorphous solid silica, silica gel, silicic acid, water glass, sodium metasilicate hydrate, sesquisilicate, disilicate, colloidal silica, silicic acid esters, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of silica hydrosols, silicic acid, tetra (C2-C3) alkyl-orthosilicate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein more preferably the one or more sources for YO2 comprises tetraethylorthosilicate, wherein more preferably tetraethylorthosilicate is used as the one or more sources of YO2.
[0055] It is preferred that the one or more sources for X2O3 comprises one or more compounds select-ed from the group consisting of alumina, aluminates, aluminum salts, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of alumina, aluminum salts, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of alumina, aluminum tri (C1-C5)alkoxide, AlO (OH) , Al (OH) 3, aluminum halides, preferably aluminum fluoride and / or chloride and / or bromide, more preferably aluminum fluoride and / or chloride, and even more preferably aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum phosphate, aluminum fluorosilicate, and mix-tures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of aluminum tri (C2-C4)alkoxide, AlO (OH) , Al (OH) 3, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum phosphate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of aluminum tri (C2-C3)alkoxide, AlO (OH) , Al (OH) 3, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of aluminum tripropoxide, AlO (OH) , aluminum sulfate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein more preferably the one or more sources of X2O3 comprises aluminum triisopropoxide, and wherein more preferably alumi-num triisopropoxide is used as the one or more sources of X2O3.
[0056] It is preferred that the one or more sources of X2O3 comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of boric acid, water soluble boric acid salts, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein preferably the one or more sources of X2O3 is boric acid.
[0057] It is preferred that the mixture prepared in (1) further comprises seed crystals, wherein the seed crystals preferably comprise one or more zeolitic materials having the ITR type framework struc-ture, wherein more preferably the seed crystals comprise ITQ-34, wherein more preferably one or more zeolitic materials having the ITR type framework structure is employed as the seed crystals, wherein more preferably ITQ-34 is employed as the seed crystals.
[0058] It is preferred that the mixture prepared in (1) further comprises seed crystals, wherein the seed crystals preferably comprise one or more zeolitic materials having the ITR type framework struc-ture, and more preferably one or more zeolitic materials according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein more preferably one or more zeolitic materials having the ITR type framework structure is employed as the seed crystals, wherein more preferably one or more zeolitic materials ac-cording to any one of claims 1 to 19 is employed as the seed crystals.
[0059] It is preferred that the amount of seed crystals comprised in the mixture prepared in (1) is in the range of from 0.1 to 15 mol%based on 100 mol%of the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2, preferably from 0.5 to 12 mol%, more preferably from 1 to 10 mol%, more preferably from 2 to 8 mol%, more preferably from 3 to 7 mol%, and more preferably from 4 to 6 mol%.
[0060] It is preferred that the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) contains 5 weight-%or less of Ge calculated as GeO2 and based on 100 weight-%of the one or more sources of YO2 calculat-ed as YO2, preferably 3 weight-%or less, more preferably 1 weight-%or less, more preferably 0.5 weight-%or less, more preferably 0.1 weight-%or less, more preferably 0.05 weight-%or less, more preferably 0.01 weight-%or less, more preferably 0.005 weight-%or less, and more preferably 0.001 weight-%or less.
[0061] It is preferred that the YO2: X2O3 molar ratio of the one or more sources of X2O3 calculated as X2O3 to the one or more source of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 1 to 1, 500, preferably from 10 to 750, more preferably from 30 to 600, more preferably from 40 to 500, more preferably from 50 to 450.
[0062] It is preferred that X comprises, preferably consists of, Al, and the YO2: X2O3 molar ratio of the one or more sources of X2O3 calculated as X2O3 to the one or more source of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 1 to 1, 500, prefera-bly from 100 to 750, more preferably from 200 to 600, more preferably from 300 to 500, more preferably from 350 to 450.
[0063] Alternatively, it is preferred that X comprises, preferably consists of, B, and the YO2: X2O3 molar ratio of the one or more sources of X2O3 calculated as X2O3 to the one or more source of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 1 to 1,000, preferably from 10 to 500, more preferably from 30 to 300, more preferably from 40 to 200, more preferably from 50 to 150.
[0064] It is preferred that the solvent system is selected from the group consisting of (C1-C4) alcohols, distilled water, and mixtures thereof, preferably from the group consisting of (C1-C3) alcohols, distilled water, and mixtures thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, distilled water, and mixtures thereof, wherein more preferably the solvent system com-prises distilled water, wherein more preferably the solvent system consists of distilled water.
[0065] In the case wherein the solvent system comprises distilled water, wherein preferably the solvent system consists of distilled water, it is preferred that the H2O : YO2 molar ratio of H2O to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.1 to 10, preferably from 0.5 to 8, more preferably from 0.8 to 7, more prefer-ably from 1 to 6.
[0066] According to a first alternative, it is preferred that X comprises, preferably consists of, Al, and the H2O : YO2 molar ratio of H2O to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.1 to 10, preferably from 1 to 8, more preferably from 3 to 7, more preferably from 4 to 6.
[0067] According to a second alternative, it is preferred that X comprises, preferably consists of, B, and the H2O : YO2 molar ratio of H2O to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.1 to 10, preferably from 0.5 to 5, more preferably from 0.8 to 4, more preferably from 1 to 3.
[0068] According to a third alternative, it is preferred that the zeolitic material does not comprise X2O3 in its framework structure, and the H2O : YO2 molar ratio of H2O to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.1 to 10, preferably from 0.5 to 5, more preferably from 0.8 to 4, more preferably from 1 to 3.
[0069] It is preferred that the organic template : YO2 molar ratio of the one or more organic templates to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.01 to 2, preferably from 0.05 to 1, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.5, more preferably from 0.15 to 0.4, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.3.
[0070] It is preferred that the one or more organic templates are provided as salts, preferably as one or more salts selected from the group consisting of halides, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, acetate, hydroxide, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of bromide, chloride, hydroxide, sulfate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein more prefer-ably the one or more organic templates are provided as hydroxides and / or bromides, and more preferably as hydroxides.
[0071] It is preferred that the mixture prepared in (1) further comprises one or more sources of fluoride, wherein preferably the fluoride : YO2 molar ratio of the one or more sources of fluoride calculat-ed as the element to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.1 to 2, preferably from 0.3 to 1.5, more prefera-bly from 0.6 to 1.3, more preferably from 0.8 to 1.2, more preferably from 0.9 to 1.1.
[0072] In case the mixture prepared in (1) further comprises one or more sources of fluoride, it is pre-ferred that the one or more sources of fluoride is selected from fluoride salts, HF, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of alkali metal fluoride salts, HF, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein more preferably the one or more sources of fluo-ride comprise HF, wherein more preferably HF is employed as the one or more sources of fluo-ride.
[0073] It is preferred that heating in (2) is conducted for a duration in the range of from 1h to 10 d, preferably from 12 h to 9 d, more preferably from 1 to 8 d, more preferably from 5 to 7 d, more preferably from 5.5 to 6.5 d.
[0074] It is preferred that heating in (2) is conducted at a temperature in the range of from 100 to 220 ℃, preferably from 150 to 200 ℃, more preferably from 160 to 190 ℃, more preferably from 170 to 180 ℃.
[0075] It is preferred that heating in (2) is conducted under autogenous pressure, preferably under sol-vothermal conditions, more preferably under hydrothermal conditions, wherein preferably
[0076] It is preferred that the process further comprises
[0077] (3) isolating the zeolitic material obtained according to (2) ;
[0078] (4) optionally washing the zeolitic material obtained according to (3) ;
[0079] (5) optionally calcining the zeolitic material obtained according to (3) , preferably obtained ac-cording to (4) ;
[0080] (6) subjecting the zeolitic material obtained according to (3) , preferably obtained according to (4) , more preferably obtained according to (5) , to an ion-exchange procedure with one or more metal cations M.
[0081] In the case where the process comprises (6) , it is preferred that the one or more metal cations M are selected from the group consisting of Sr, Zr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mix-tures of two or more thereof, preferably selected from the group consisting of Sr, Zr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group con-sisting of of Sr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group con-sisting of of Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of of Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and more preferably from the group consisting of of Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein the one or more metal cations M aare located at the ion-exchange sited of the framework structure of the zeolitic material.
[0082] In the case where the process comprises (5) , it is preferred that calcination in (5) is conducted for a duration in the range of from 1 to 10 h, preferably from 2 to 8 h, more preferably from 3 to 5 h, more preferably from 3.5 to 4.5 h.
[0083] Yet further in the case where the process comprises (5) , it is preferred that calcination in (5) is conducted at a temperature in the range of from 300 to 800 ℃, preferably from 350 to 750 ℃, more preferably from 400 to 700℃, more preferably from 450 to 650 ℃, and more preferably from 500 to 600 ℃.
[0084] It is preferred that the one or more organic templates are prepared according to a process com-prising
[0085] (a) preparing a reaction mixture comprising a compound having the formula (II)
[0086] Ra-R1-Rb (II)
[0087] a compound having the formula (III)
[0088] R2R3-N-R4
[0089] and a solvent system to obtain a reaction mixture;
[0090] (b) heating the reaction mixture obtained according to (a) , to obtain a mixture comprising one or more organic templates;
[0091] wherein R1 stands for (C1-C6) alkyl, preferably for (C4-C6) alkyl, more preferably for hexyl;
[0092] wherein R2 and R3 independently from one another stand for (C1-C6) alkyl, preferably (C1-C5)alkyl, more preferably (C1-C4) alkyl, more preferably (C1-C3) alkyl, more preferably for methyl or ethyl, and more preferably for methyl;
[0093] wherein R4 stands for (C1-C4) alkyl, preferably (C1-C3) alkyl, more preferably for methyl or ethyl, and more preferably for ethyl;
[0094] wherein Ra and Rb independently from one each other is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, tosyl (OTS) , mesyl, triflourmethansulfonate (OTf) , and OH, preferably from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, and OH, more preferably from the group consisting of Br, I, and OH, more preferably Ra and Rb independently from each other is Br.
[0095] In the case where the one or more organic templates are prepared according to a process as disclosed herein, it is preferred that heating in (b) is conducted of reflux of the solvent system, wherein preferably heating in (b) is conducted at a temperature in the range of from 50 to 110 ℃, preferably in the range of from 70 to 90℃, more preferably in the range of from 75 to 85 ℃.
[0096] Further in the case where the one or more organic templates are prepared according to a pro-cess as disclosed herein, it is preferred that heating in (b) is conducted for a duration in the range of from 1 to 25 h, preferably from 9 to 15 h, more preferably from 11 to 13 h.
[0097] Further in the case where the one or more organic templates are prepared according to a pro-cess as disclosed herein, it is preferred that the solvent system comprises one or more of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, and tetrahydrofuran, preferably one or more of methanol, ethanol, and propanol, more preferably ethanol, wherein more preferably the solvent system consists of ethanol.
[0098] Further in the case where the one or more organic templates are prepared according to a pro-cess as disclosed herein, it is preferred that the process further comprises
[0099] (c) isolating one or more organic templates from the mixture obtained in (b)
[0100] and / or
[0101] (d) washing the one or more organic templates obtained in (b) or (c) .
[0102] In the case where the one or more organic templates are prepared according to a process com-prising (c) , it is preferred that isolating in (c) is conducted by filtration.
[0103] In the case where the one or more organic templates are prepared according to a process com-prising (d) , it is preferred that washing in (d) is conducted with one or more pf diethyl ether, tet-rahydrofuran, and ethyl acetate, preferably with diethyl ether.
[0104] Further, the present invention relates to a zeolitic material, preferable the zeolitic material of any one of the embodiments disclosed herein, obtainable and / or obtained from the process of any one of the embodiments disclosed herein.
[0105] Further, the present invention relates to a method for the conversion of oxygenates to olefins comprising
[0106] (i) providing a catalyst comprising, preferably consisting of, a zeolitic material of any one of the embodiments disclosed herein;
[0107] (ii) providing a gas stream comprising one or more oxygenates and optionally one or more olefins and / or optionally one or more hydrocarbons;
[0108] (iii) contacting the catalyst provided in (i) with the gas stream provided in (ii) and converting one or more oxygenates to one or more olefins and optionally to one or more hydrocarbons;
[0109] (iv) optionally recycling one or more of the one or more olefins and / or of the one or more hy-drocarbons contained in the gas stream obtained in (iii) to (ii) .
[0110] It is preferred that the catalyst is provided as a fixed bed or as a fluidized bed.
[0111] It is preferred that the gas stream provided in (ii) comprises one or more oxygenates selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols, ethers, carbonyl compounds and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of (C1-C6) alcohols, di (C1-C3) alkyl ethers, (C1-C6) aldehydes, (C2-C6) ketones, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably con-sisting of (C1-C4) alcohols, di (C1-C2) alkyl ethers, (C1-C4) aldehydes, (C2-C4) ketones, and mix-tures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, butanol, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, ethyl methyl ether, diisopropyl ether, di-n-propyl ether, formaldehyde, dimethyl ketone, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, ethyl methyl ether, and mixtures of two or more thereof, the gas stream more preferably com- prising methanol and / or dimethyl ether, and more preferably dimethyl ether or a mixture of di-methyl ether and methanol.
[0112] It is preferred that the content of oxygenates in the gas stream provided in (ii) is in the range from 2 to 100%by volume based on the total volume, preferably from 3 to 99%by volume, more preferably from 4 to 95%by volume, more preferably from 5 to 80%by volume, more preferably from 6 to 50%by volume, more preferably from 7 to 40%by volume, more preferably from 8 to 30%by volume, more preferably from 9 to 20%by volume, and more preferably from 10 to 15%by volume.
[0113] It is preferred that the gas stream provided in (ii) comprises water, wherein the water content in the gas stream provided in (ii) is preferably in the range from 5 to 60%by volume based on the total volume, more preferably from 10 to 50%by volume, more preferably from 20 to 45%by volume, and more preferably from 30 to 40%by volume.
[0114] It is preferred that the gas stream provided in (ii) further comprises one or more diluting gases, preferably one or more diluting gases in an amount ranging from 0.1 to 90%by volume based on the total volume, more preferably from 1 to 85%by volume, more preferably from 5 to 80%by volume, more preferably from 10 to 75%by volume, more preferably from 20 to 70%by vol-ume, more preferably from 40 to 65%by volume, more preferably from 50 to 60%by volume.
[0115] It is preferred that the one or more diluting gases are selected from the group consisting of H2O, helium, neon, argon, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of H2O, argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and mix-tures of two or more thereof, wherein more preferably the one or more diluting gases comprises H2O, wherein more preferably the one or more diluting gases is H2O.
[0116] It is preferred that the contacting according to (iii) is conducted at a temperature in the range of from 200 to 700 ℃, preferably from 350 to 600 ℃, more preferably from 400 to 550 ℃, more preferably from 450 to 500 ℃.
[0117] It is preferred that the contacting according to (iii) is conducted at a pressure in the range of from 0.1 to 50 bar, preferably from 0.2 to 20 bar, more preferably from 0.5 to 10 bar, more pref-erably from 0.7 to 5 bar, more preferably from 0.8 to 2 bar, more preferably from 0.9 to 1.5 bar.
[0118] It is preferred that the method is a continuous method, wherein the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) during contacting in (iii) is preferably in the range from 500 to 30,000 h-1, preferably from 1,000 to 20,000 h-1, more preferably from 1, 500 to 10,000 h-1, more preferably from 2,000 to 5,000 h-1, more preferably from 2, 200 to 3,000 h-1 and more preferably from 2, 400 to 2, 600 h-1.
[0119] It is preferred that the one or more olefins and / or the one or more hydrocarbons optionally pro-vided in (ii) and / or optionally recycled to (ii) comprise one or more selected from the group con-sisting of ethylene, (C4-C7) olefins, (C4-C7) hydrocarbons, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and preferably from the group consisting of ethylene, (C4-C5) olefins, (C4-C5) hydrocarbons, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
[0120] Further, the present invention relates to a use of a zeolitic material according to any one of the embodiments disclosed herein as a molecular sieve, as an adsorbent, for ion-exchange, or as a catalyst and / or as a catalyst support, preferably as a catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides NOx, for the oxidation of NH3, in particular for the oxidation of NH3 slip in diesel systems, for the decomposition of N2O, as an additive in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes, or as a catalyst in organic conversion reactions, preferably as a hydrocracking cata-lyst, as an alkylation catalyst, as an isomerization catalyst, or as a catalyst in the conversion of alcohols to olefins, and more preferably in the conversion of oxygenates to olefins.
[0121] It is preferred that the zeolitic material is used in a methanol-to-olefin process (MTO process) , in a dimethylether to olefin process (DTO process) , methanol-to-gasoline process (MTG process) , in a methanol-to-hydrocarbon process, in a methanol to aromatics process, in a biomass to ole-fins and / or biomass to aromatics process, in a methane to benzene process, for alkylation of aromatics, or in a fluid catalytic cracking process (FCC process) , preferably in a methanol-to-olefin process (MTO process) , and / or in a dimethylether to olefin process (DTO process) , and more preferably in a methanol-to-propylene (MTP process) , in a methanol-to-propylene / butylene process (MT3 / 4 process) , in a dimethylether-to-propylene process (DTP process) , in a dimethylether-to-propylene / butylene process (DT3 / 4 process) , and / or in a di-methylether-to-ethylene / propylene process (DT2 / 3 process) .
[0122] The present invention is further illustrated by the following set of embodiments and combina-tions of embodiments resulting from the dependencies and back-references as indicated. In particular, it is noted that in each instance where a range of embodiments is mentioned, for ex-ample in the context of a term such as “The process of any one of embodiments 1 to 4” , every embodiment in this range is meant to be explicitly disclosed for the skilled person, i.e. the word-ing of this term is to be understood by the skilled person as being synonymous to “The process of any one of embodiments 1, 2, 3, and 4” . Further, it is explicitly noted that the following set of embodiments is not the set of claims determining the extend of protection, but represents a suitably structured part of the description to general and preferred aspects of the present inven-tion.
[0123] 1. A zeolitic material having the ITR type framework structure, wherein the zeolitic material comprises YO2 and optionally X2O3 in its framework structure, wherein Y is a tetravalent element and X is a trivalent element, and wherein the framework structure of the zeolitic material comprises less than 5 weight-%of Ge calculated as GeO2 and based on 100 weight-%of YO2 contained in the framework structure.
[0124] 2. The zeolitic material of claim 1, wherein the zeolitic material comprises less than 3 weight-%of Ge calculated as GeO2 and based on 100 weight-%of YO2 contained in the frame-work structure, preferably less than 1 weight-%, more preferably less than 0.5 weight-%, more preferably less than 0.1 weight-%, more preferably less than 0.05 weight-%, more preferably less than 0.01 weight-%, more preferably less than 0.005 weight-%, and more preferably less than 0.001 weight-%.
[0125] 3. The zeolitic material of claim 1 or 2, wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of Si, Sn, Ti, Zr, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein Y is preferably Si.
[0126] 4. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of Al, B, Ga, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein X is preferably Al and / or B, more preferably is Al.
[0127] 5. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the YO2 : X2O3 molar ratio of the framework structure of the zeolitic material is in the range of from 1 to 1, 500, preferably from 10 to 1,000, more preferably from 20 to 500, more preferably from 30 to 400, more preferably from 40 to 300, more preferably from 50 to 250.
[0128] 6. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein X comprises, preferably consists of, Al, and the YO2 : X2O3 molar ratio of the framework structure of the zeolitic material is in the range of from 1 to 1,000, preferably from 10 to 500, more preferably from 50 to 200, more preferably from 70 to 100, more preferably from 80 to 90.
[0129] 7. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein X comprises, preferably consists of, B, and the YO2 : X2O3 molar ratio of the framework structure of the zeolitic material is in the range of from 1 to 1, 500, preferably from 10 to 1,000, more preferably from 100 to 500, more preferably from 150 to 250, more preferably from 170 to 230, more preferably from 190 to 210.
[0130] 8. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the zeolitic material comprises one or more metal cations M at the ion-exchange sited of the framework structure of the zeolitic material, wherein the one or more metal cations M are preferably selected from the group consisting of Sr, Zr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably selected from the group consisting of Sr, Zr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of of Sr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more prefera-bly from the group consisting of of Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of of Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and more preferably from the group consisting of of Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
[0131] 9. The zeolitic material of claim 8, wherein the zeolitic material comprises the one or more metal cations M in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to 10 weight-%based on 100 weight-%of Si in the zeolitic material calculated as SiO2, preferably in the range of from 0.05 to 7 weight-%, more preferably in the range of from 0.1 to 5 weight-%, more prefera-bly in the range of from 0.5 to 4.5 weight-%, more preferably in the range of from 1 to 4 weight-%, more preferably in the range of from 1.5 to 3.5 weight-%, and more preferably in the range of from 2 to 3 weight-%.
[0132] 10. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein 95 or more weight-%of the zeo-litic material consists of Si, optionally Al, O, H, and the one or more metal cations M, cal-culates based on the total weight of the zeolitic material, preferably 95 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 97 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 99 to 100 weight-%.
[0133] 11. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein 95 or more weight-%of the zeo-litic material consist of Si, optionally Al, O, and H, based on the total weight of the frame-work of the zeolitic material, preferably 95 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 97 to 100 weight-%, and more preferably 99 to 100 weight-%.
[0134] 12. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein 95 or more weight-%of the zeo-litic material consists of Si, optionally B, O, H, and the one or more metal cations M, calcu-lates based on the total weight of the zeolitic material, preferably 95 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 97 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 99 to 100 weight-%.
[0135] 13. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein 95 or more weight-%of the zeo-litic material consist of Si, optionally B, O, and H, based on the total weight of the frame-work of the zeolitic material, preferably 95 to 100 weight-%, more preferably 97 to 100 weight-%, and more preferably 99 to 100 weight-%.
[0136] 14. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein Y comprises, preferably con-sists of, Si, wherein the 29Si MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises a first peak in the range of from -105 to -110 ppm, a second peak in the range of from -110 to -115 ppm, a third peak in the range of from -115 to -120 ppm, wherein preferably the 29Si MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises only three peaks in the range of from -105 to -120 ppm, wherein the 29Si MAS NMR of the zeolitic material is preferably determined according to reference example 2.
[0137] 15. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein X comprises, preferably con-sists of, Al, wherein the 27Al MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises a peak in the range of from 50 to 60 ppm, wherein preferably the 27Al MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises a single peak in the range of from 50 to 60 ppm, wherein the 27Al MAS NMR of the zeolitic material is preferably determined according to reference example 2.
[0138] 16. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein X comprises, preferably con-sists of, B, wherein the 11B MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises a peak in the range of from 0 to -5 ppm, wherein preferably the 11B MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises a single peak in the range of from 0 to -5 ppm, wherein the 11B MAS NMR of the zeolitic material is preferably determined according to reference example 2.
[0139] 17. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the BET surface area of the zeolitic material determined according to ISO 9277: 2010 ranges of from 200 to 700 m2 / g, preferably from 300 to 600 m2 / g, more preferably from 400 to 500 m2 / g, more preferably from 425 to 490 m2 / g, more preferably from 450 to 480 m2 / g.
[0140] 18. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the micropore volume of the zeolitic material determined according to ISO 15901-1: 2016 ranges of from 0.001 to 1 cm3 / g, preferably from 0.01 to 0.5 cm3 / g, more preferably from 0.05 to 0.3 cm3 / g, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.2 cm3 / g, more preferably from 0.14 to 0.18 cm3 / g.
[0141] 19. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the 110 / 111 intensity ratio of the 110 and 111 reflections of the ITR type framework structure in the X-ray diffractogram of the zeolitic material, determined according to reference Example 1, is 4.1 or less, pref-erably 4.0 or less, more preferably 3.5 or less, more preferably 3.0 or less, more prefera-bly 2.5 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less, more preferably 1.4 or less, more preferably 1.3 or less, and more preferably 1.2 or less.
[0142] 20. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the zeolitic material, preferably the calcined zeolitic material, displays an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising at least the following reflections:
[0143] wherein 100%relates to the intensity of the maximum peak in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern, and wherein the X-ray diffraction pattern is preferably determined according to reference example 1, wherein preferably the zeolitic material, more preferably the calcined zeolitic material, dis-plays an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising at least the following reflections:
[0144] wherein 100%relates to the intensity of the maximum peak in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern, and wherein the X-ray diffraction pattern is preferably determined according to reference example 1.
[0145] 21. The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the zeolitic material is ITQ-34.
[0146] 22. A process for the preparation of a zeolitic material having the ITR type framework struc-ture, preferably of a zeolitic material according to any of claims 1 to 21, wherein the pro-cess comprises
[0147] (1) preparing a mixture comprising one or more organic templates as structure directing agents, one or more sources of YO2, optionally one or more sources of X2O3, and a sol-vent system;
[0148] (2) heating the mixture obtained in (1) for crystallizing a zeolitic material having the IWR type framework structure comprising YO2 and optionally X2O3 in its framework structure; wherein the one or more organic templates comprise an organodication of the formula (I) : R2R4R5N+-R1-N+R3R6R7 (I) ;
[0149] wherein R1 stands for (C1-C6) alkyl, preferably for (C4-C6) alkyl, more preferably for hexyl; wherein R2 and R3 independently from one another stand for (C1-C4) alkyl, preferably (C1-C3)alkyl, more preferably for methyl or ethyl, and more preferably for ethyl; wherein R4, R5, R6, and R7, independently from one another stand for (C1-C6) alkyl, prefer-ably (C1-C5) alkyl, more preferably (C1-C4) alkyl, more preferably (C1-C3) alkyl, more prefer-ably for methyl or ethyl, and more preferably for methyl.
[0150] 23. The process according to claim 22, wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of Si, Sn, Ti, Zr, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably Y being Si and / or Ti, wherein Y is more preferably Si.
[0151] 24. The process according to claim 22 or 23, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of Al, B, In, Ga, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of Al, B, Ga, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably X being Al and / or B, wherein X is more preferably Al.
[0152] 25. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein the one or more sources of YO2 comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of fumed silica, silica hydrosols, reactive amorphous solid silica, silica gel, silicic acid, water glass, sodium metasilicate hydrate, sesquisilicate, disilicate, colloidal silica, silicic acid esters, and mix-tures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of silica hydrosols, silicic acid, tetra (C2-C3) alkyl-orthosilicate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein more preferably the one or more sources for YO2 comprises tetraethylorthosilicate, wherein more preferably tetraethylorthosilicate is used as the one or more sources of YO2.
[0153] 26. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 25, wherein the one or more sources for X2O3 comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of alumina, aluminates, aluminum salts, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of alumina, aluminum salts, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of alumina, aluminum tri (C1-C5) alkoxide, AlO (OH) , Al (OH) 3, aluminum halides, preferably aluminum fluoride and / or chloride and / or bromide, more preferably aluminum fluoride and / or chloride, and even more preferably aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum phosphate, aluminum fluorosilicate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of aluminum tri (C2-C4) alkoxide, AlO (OH) , Al (OH) 3, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum phos-phate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of aluminum tri (C2-C3) alkoxide, AlO (OH) , Al (OH) 3, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of aluminum tripropoxide, AlO (OH) , aluminum sulfate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein more preferably the one or more sources of X2O3 comprises aluminum triisopropoxide, and wherein more preferably aluminum triisopropoxide is used as the one or more sources of X2O3.
[0154] 27. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 26, wherein the one or more sources of X2O3 comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of boric acid, water soluble boric acid salts, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein preferably the one or more sources of X2O3 is boric acid.
[0155] 28. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 27, wherein the mixture prepared in (1) further comprises seed crystals, wherein the seed crystals preferably comprise one or more zeolitic materials having the ITR type framework structure, wherein more preferably the seed crystals comprise ITQ-34, wherein more preferably one or more zeolitic materials having the ITR type framework structure is employed as the seed crystals, wherein more preferably ITQ-34 is employed as the seed crystals.
[0156] 29. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 27, wherein the mixture prepared in (1) further comprises seed crystals, wherein the seed crystals preferably comprise one or more zeolitic materials having the ITR type framework structure, and more preferably one or more zeolitic materials according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein more preferably one or more zeolitic materials having the ITR type framework structure is employed as the seed crystals, wherein more preferably one or more zeolitic materials according to any one of claims 1 to 19 is employed as the seed crystals.
[0157] 30. The process according to claims 22 or 29, wherein the amount of seed crystals comprised in the mixture prepared in (1) is in the range of from 0.1 to 15 mol%based on 100 mol% of the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2, preferably from 0.5 to 12 mol%, more preferably from 1 to 10 mol%, more preferably from 2 to 8 mol%, more preferably from 3 to 7 mol%, and more preferably from 4 to 6 mol%.
[0158] 31. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 30, wherein the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) contains 5 weight-%or less of Ge calculated as GeO2 and based on 100 weight-%of the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2, preferably 3 weight-%or less, more preferably 1 weight-%or less, more preferably 0.5 weight-%or less, more preferably 0.1 weight-%or less, more preferably 0.05 weight-%or less, more preferably 0.01 weight-%or less, more preferably 0.005 weight-%or less, and more preferably 0.001 weight-%or less.
[0159] 32. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 31, wherein the YO2: X2O3 molar ratio of the one or more sources of X2O3 calculated as X2O3 to the one or more source of YO2 cal-culated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 1 to 1,500, preferably from 10 to 750, more preferably from 30 to 600, more preferably from 40 to 500, more preferably from 50 to 450.
[0160] 33. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 32, wherein X comprises, preferably consists of, Al, and the YO2: X2O3 molar ratio of the one or more sources of X2O3 calculat-ed as X2O3 to the one or more source of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 1 to 1, 500, preferably from 100 to 750, more preferably from 200 to 600, more preferably from 300 to 500, more preferably from 350 to 450.
[0161] 34. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 33, wherein X comprises, preferably consists of, B, and the YO2: X2O3 molar ratio of the one or more sources of X2O3 calculated as X2O3 to the one or more source of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 1 to 1,000, preferably from 10 to 500, more pref-erably from 30 to 300, more preferably from 40 to 200, more preferably from 50 to 150.
[0162] 35. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 34, wherein the solvent system is se-lected from the group consisting of (C1-C4) alcohols, distilled water, and mixtures thereof, preferably from the group consisting of (C1-C3) alcohols, distilled water, and mixtures thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, distilled water, and mixtures thereof, wherein more preferably the solvent system comprises distilled wa-ter, wherein more preferably the solvent system consists of distilled water.
[0163] 36. The process according to claim 35, wherein the H2O : YO2 molar ratio of H2O to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.1 to 10, preferably from 0.5 to 8, more preferably from 0.8 to 7, more preferably from 1 to 6.
[0164] 37. The process according to claim 35 or 36, wherein X comprises, preferably consists of, Al, and the H2O : YO2 molar ratio of H2O to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.1 to 10, pref-erably from 1 to 8, more preferably from 3 to 7, more preferably from 4 to 6.
[0165] 38. The process according to claim 35 or 36, wherein X comprises, preferably consists of, B, and the H2O : YO2 molar ratio of H2O to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.1 to 10, pref-erably from 0.5 to 5, more preferably from 0.8 to 4, more preferably from 1 to 3.
[0166] 39. The process according to claim 35, wherein the zeolitic material does not comprise X2O3 in its framework structure, and the H2O : YO2 molar ratio of H2O to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.1 to 10, preferably from 0.5 to 5, more preferably from 0.8 to 4, more pref-erably from 1 to 3.
[0167] 40. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 39, wherein the organic template : YO2 molar ratio of the one or more organic templates to the one or more sources of YO2 calcu-lated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.01 to 2, preferably from 0.05 to 1, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.5, more preferably from 0.15 to 0.4, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.3.
[0168] 41. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 40, wherein the one or more organic templates are provided as salts, preferably as one or more salts selected from the group consisting of halides, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, acetate, hydroxide, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of bromide, chloride, hydroxide, sulfate, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein more preferably the one or more or-ganic templates are provided as hydroxides and / or bromides, and more preferably as hy-droxides.
[0169] 42. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 41, wherein the mixture prepared in (1) further comprises one or more sources of fluoride, wherein preferably the fluoride : YO2 molar ratio of the one or more sources of fluoride calculated as the element to the one or more sources of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 0.1 to 2, preferably from 0.3 to 1.5, more preferably from 0.6 to 1.3, more preferably from 0.8 to 1.2, more preferably from 0.9 to 1.1.
[0170] 43. The process according to claim 42, wherein the one or more sources of fluoride is select-ed from fluoride salts, HF, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of alkali metal fluoride salts, HF, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein more preferably the one or more sources of fluoride comprise HF, wherein more prefera-bly HF is employed as the one or more sources of fluoride.
[0171] 44. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 43, wherein heating in (2) is conducted for a duration in the range of from 1h to 10 d, preferably from 12 h to 9 d, more preferably from 1 to 8 d, more preferably from 5 to 7 d, more preferably from 5.5 to 6.5 d.
[0172] 45. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 44, wherein heating in (2) is conducted at a temperature in the range of from 100 to 220 ℃, preferably from 150 to 200 ℃, more preferably from 160 to 190 ℃, more preferably from 170 to 180 ℃.
[0173] 46. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 45, wherein heating in (2) is conducted under autogenous pressure, preferably under solvothermal conditions, more preferably under hydrothermal conditions, wherein preferably heating in (2) is performed in a pres-sure tight vessel, preferably in an autoclave.
[0174] 47. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 46, wherein the process further com-prises
[0175] (3) isolating the zeolitic material obtained according to (2) ;
[0176] (4) optionally washing the zeolitic material obtained according to (3) ;
[0177] (5) optionally calcining the zeolitic material obtained according to (3) , preferably ob-tained according to (4) ;
[0178] (6) subjecting the zeolitic material obtained according to (3) , preferably obtained ac-cording to (4) , more preferably obtained according to (5) , to an ion-exchange procedure with one or more metal cations M.
[0179] 48. The process according to claim 47, wherein the one or more metal cations M are selected from the group consisting of Sr, Zr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably selected from the group consisting of Sr, Zr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of of Sr, Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more prefera-bly from the group consisting of of Cr, Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of of Mg, Ca, Mo, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and more preferably from the group consisting of of Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein the one or more metal cations M aare located at the ion-exchange sited of the framework structure of the zeolitic material.
[0180] 49. The process of claim 47 or 48, wherein calcination in (5) is conducted for a duration in the range of from 1 to 10 h, preferably from 2 to 8 h, more preferably from 3 to 5 h, more pref-erably from 3.5 to 4.5 h.
[0181] 50. The process according to any one of claims 47 to 49, wherein calcination in (5) is con-ducted at a temperature in the range of from 300 to 800 ℃, preferably from 350 to 750 ℃, more preferably from 400 to 700℃, more preferably from 450 to 650 ℃, and more prefer-ably from 500 to 600 ℃.
[0182] 51. The process according to any one of claims 22 to 50, wherein the one or more organic templates are prepared according to a process comprising
[0183] (a) preparing a reaction mixture comprising a compound having the formula (II) Ra-R1-Rb (II)
[0184] a compound having the formula (III) R2R3-N-R4
[0185] and a solvent system to obtain a reaction mixture;
[0186] (b) heating the reaction mixture obtained according to (a) , to obtain a mixture compris-ing one or more organic templates;
[0187] wherein R1 stands for (C1-C6) alkyl, preferably for (C4-C6) alkyl, more preferably for hexyl;
[0188] wherein R2 and R3 independently from one another stand for (C1-C6) alkyl, preferably (C1-C5)alkyl, more preferably (C1-C4) alkyl, more preferably (C1-C3) alkyl, more preferably for methyl or ethyl, and more preferably for methyl;
[0189] wherein R4 stands for (C1-C4) alkyl, preferably (C1-C3) alkyl, more preferably for methyl or ethyl, and more preferably for ethyl;
[0190] wherein Ra and Rb independently from one each other is selected from the group consist-ing of F, Cl, Br, I, tosyl (OTS) , mesyl, triflourmethansulfonate (OTf) , and OH, preferably from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, and OH, more preferably from the group consist-ing of Br, I, and OH, more preferably Ra and Rb independently from each other is Br.
[0191] 52. The process according to claim 51, wherein heating in (b) is conducted of reflux of the solvent system, wherein preferably heating in (b) is conducted at a temperature in the range of from 50 to 110 ℃, preferably in the range of from 70 to 90℃, more preferably in the range of from 75 to 85 ℃.
[0192] 53. The process according to claim 51 or 52, wherein heating in (b) is conducted for a dura-tion in the range of from 1 to 25 h, preferably from 9 to 15 h, more preferably from 11 to 13 h.
[0193] 54. The process according to any of claims 51 to 53, wherein the solvent system comprises one or more of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, and tetrahydrofuran, preferably one or more of methanol, ethanol, and propanol, more preferably ethanol, wherein more prefera-bly the solvent system consists of ethanol.
[0194] 55. The process according to any of claims 51 to 54, wherein the process further comprises
[0195] (c) isolating one or more organic templates from the mixture obtained in (b)
[0196] and / or
[0197] (d) washing the one or more organic templates obtained in (b) or (c) .
[0198] 56. The process according to claim 55, wherein isolating in (c) is conducted by filtration.
[0199] 57. The process according to claim 55 or 56, wherein washing in (d) is conducted with one or more pf diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and ethyl acetate, preferably with diethyl ether.
[0200] 58. A zeolitic material, preferably a zeolitic material according to any of claims 1 to 21, obtain-able and / or obtained from the process of any one of claims 22 to 57.
[0201] 59. A method for the conversion of oxygenates to olefins comprising
[0202] (i) providing a catalyst comprising, preferably consisting of, a zeolitic material accord-ing to any one of claims 1 to 21 and 58;
[0203] (ii) providing a gas stream comprising one or more oxygenates and optionally one or more olefins and / or optionally one or more hydrocarbons;
[0204] (iii) contacting the catalyst provided in (i) with the gas stream provided in (ii) and con-verting one or more oxygenates to one or more olefins and optionally to one or more hy-drocarbons;
[0205] (iv) optionally recycling one or more of the one or more olefins and / or of the one or more hydrocarbons contained in the gas stream obtained in (iii) to (ii) .
[0206] 60. The method of claim 59, wherein the catalyst is provided as a fixed bed or as a fluidized bed.
[0207] 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, wherein the gas stream provided in (ii) comprises one or more oxygenates selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols, ethers, carbonyl compounds and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of (C1-C6) alcohols, di (C1-C3) alkyl ethers, (C1-C6) aldehydes, (C2-C6) ketones, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably consisting of (C1-C4) alcohols, di (C1-C2) alkyl ethers, (C1-C4) aldehydes, (C2-C4) ketones, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, butanol, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, ethyl methyl ether, diisopropyl ether, di-n-propyl ether, formaldehyde, dimethyl ketone, and mixtures of two or more thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, ethyl methyl ether, and mix-tures of two or more thereof, the gas stream more preferably comprising methanol and / or dimethyl ether, and more preferably dimethyl ether or a mixture of dimethyl ether and methanol.
[0208] 62. The method of claims 59 to 61, wherein the content of oxygenates in the gas stream pro-vided in (ii) is in the range from 2 to 100%by volume based on the total volume, prefera-bly from 3 to 99%by volume, more preferably from 4 to 95%by volume, more preferably from 5 to 80%by volume, more preferably from 6 to 50%by volume, more preferably from 7 to 40%by volume, more preferably from 8 to 30%by volume, more preferably from 9 to 20%by volume, and more preferably from 10 to 15%by volume.
[0209] 63. The method according to any one of claims 59 to 62, wherein the gas stream provided in (ii) comprises water, wherein the water content in the gas stream provided in (ii) is prefer-ably in the range from 5 to 60%by volume based on the total volume, more preferably from 10 to 50%by volume, more preferably from 20 to 45%by volume, and more prefera-bly from 30 to 40%by volume.
[0210] 64. The method according to any one of claims 59 to 63, wherein the gas stream provided in (ii) further comprises one or more diluting gases, preferably one or more diluting gases in an amount ranging from 0.1 to 90%by volume based on the total volume, more preferably from 1 to 85%by volume, more preferably from 5 to 80%by volume, more preferably from 10 to 75%by volume, more preferably from 20 to 70%by volume, more preferably from 40 to 65%by volume, more preferably from 50 to 60%by volume.
[0211] 65. The method according to any one of claims 59 to 64, wherein the one or more diluting gases are selected from the group consisting of H2O, helium, neon, argon, nitrogen, car-bon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures of two or more thereof, preferably from the group consisting of H2O, argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein more preferably the one or more diluting gases comprises H2O, wherein more preferably the one or more diluting gases is H2O.
[0212] 66. The method according to any one of claims 59 to 65, wherein the contacting according to (iii) is conducted at a temperature in the range of from 200 to 700 ℃, preferably from 350 to 600 ℃, more preferably from 400 to 550 ℃, more preferably from 450 to 500 ℃.
[0213] 67. The method according to any one of claims 59 to 66, wherein the contacting according to (iii) is conducted at a pressure in the range of from 0.1 to 50 bar, preferably from 0.2 to 20 bar, more preferably from 0.5 to 10 bar, more preferably from 0.7 to 5 bar, more preferably from 0.8 to 2 bar, more preferably from 0.9 to 1.5 bar.
[0214] 68. The method according to any one of claims 59 to 67, wherein the method is a continuous method, wherein the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) during contacting in (iii) is prefera-bly in the range from 500 to 30,000 h-1, preferably from 1,000 to 20,000 h-1, more prefer-ably from 1, 500 to 10,000 h-1, more preferably from 2,000 to 5,000 h-1, more preferably from 2, 200 to 3,000 h-1 and more preferably from 2, 400 to 2, 600 h-1.
[0215] 69. The method according to any one of claims 59 to 68, wherein the one or more olefins and / or the one or more hydrocarbons optionally provided in (ii) and / or optionally recycled to (ii) comprise one or more selected from the group consisting of ethylene, (C4-C7) olefins, (C4-C7) hydrocarbons, and mixtures of two or more thereof, and preferably from the group consisting of ethylene, (C4-C5) olefins, (C4-C5) hydrocarbons, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
[0216] 70. Use of a zeolitic material according to any one of claims 1 to 21 and 58 as a molecular sieve, as an adsorbent, for ion-exchange, or as a catalyst and / or as a catalyst support, preferably as a catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides NOx, for the oxidation of NH3, in particular for the oxidation of NH3 slip in diesel systems, for the decomposition of N2O, as an additive in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes, or as a catalyst in organic conversion reactions, preferably as a hydrocracking catalyst, as an al-kylation catalyst, as an isomerization catalyst, or as a catalyst in the conversion of alco-hols to olefins, and more preferably in the conversion of oxygenates to olefins.
[0217] 71. The use of claim 70, wherein the zeolitic material is used in a methanol-to-olefin process (MTO process) , in a dimethylether to olefin process (DTO process) , methanol-to-gasoline process (MTG process) , in a methanol-to-hydrocarbon process, in a methanol to aromat-ics process, in a biomass to olefins and / or biomass to aromatics process, in a methane to benzene process, for alkylation of aromatics, or in a fluid catalytic cracking process (FCC process) , preferably in a methanol-to-olefin process (MTO process) , and / or in a di-methylether to olefin process (DTO process) , and more preferably in a methanol-to-propylene (MTP process) , in a methanol-to-propylene / butylene process (MT3 / 4 process) , in a dimethylether-to-propylene process (DTP process) , in a dimethylether-to-propylene / butylene process (DT3 / 4 process) , and / or in a dimethylether-to-ethylene / propylene process (DT2 / 3 process.
[0218] EXPERIMENTAL
[0219] Reference Example 1: Characterization via X-ray diffraction analysis
[0220] X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns were measured with a Rigaku Ultimate VI X-ray diffrac-tometer (40 kV, 40 mA) using CuKα radiation.
[0221] Reference Example 2: Characterization via solid state NMR
[0222] Solid state MAS NMR was performed on a Varian Infinity Plus 400 MHz spectrometer. Magic angle spinning (MAS) experiments were performed on 3.2 mm MAS probes at a spinning speed of 15 kHz. The 27Al signals were referenced to 1 M Al (NO3) 3 solution at 0 ppm. The 29Si signals were referenced to TMS at 0 ppm. The 11B signals were referenced to 1 M H3BO3 solution at 19.6 ppm.
[0223] Reference Example 3: Characterization via SEM and TEM
[0224] Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) experiments were performed on Hitachi SU-1510 and SU-8010 electron microscopes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments were con-ducted on a JEOL JEM-2100P at 200 kV.
[0225] Reference Example 4: Characterization of surface area and porosity characteristics
[0226] The N2 sorption isotherms at the temperature of liquid nitrogen were measured using Mi-cromeritics ASAP 2020M and Tristar system.
[0227] Materials for synthesis
[0228] Tetraethylorthosilicate (C8H20O4Si, TEOS, 99%, Aladdin Chemistry Co., Ltd. ) , solid silica gel (Qingdao Haiyang Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. ) , hydrofluoric acid (HF, AR, 40%, Aladdin Chem-istry Co., Ltd. ) , aluminum isopropoxide (C9H21O3Al, CP, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. ) , boric acid (H3BO3, 99.8%, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. ) , N, N-dimethylethylamine (C4H11N, 98%, TCI Shanghai) , 1, 6-dibromohexane (C6H12Br2, 97%, Shanghai Aladdin Biochem-ical Technology Co., Ltd. ) , hexamethonium bromide (HMBr2, 98%, J&K Scientific Co., Ltd. ) , ethanol (C2H5OH, 99.7%, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. ) , ether (C4H10O, 99.7%, Si-nopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. ) .
[0229] Comparative Example 1: Synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite having an MFI type framework structure
[0230] In a typical example for the synthesis of aluminosilicate ZSM-5 zeolite, 1.90 g of 40%TPAOH was mixed with 8.11 g water. Then, 0.015 g of NaAlO2 was added into the solution. Finally, 3.5 g of TEOS were added and stirred for 4h. The mixture was then transferred into a Teflon-lined autoclave and placed at 180 ℃ for 48 h. After filtering, washing with deionized water, drying at 100 ℃, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 5h, then ion-exchanging with 1 M NH4Cl twice at 80 ℃ for 12h, the H-ZSM-5 zeolite was obtained, and the Si / Al ratio of ZSM-5 measured by ICP tech-nique was about 90.
[0231] Reference Example 5: Synthesis of organic template Me4Et2-diquat-6
[0232] In the synthesis of Me4Et2-diquat-6 bromide, a certain amount of 1, 6-dibromohexane and ex-cess N, N-dimethylethylamine were dissolved into ethanol and refluxed overnight. After reaction, most of the solvent and unreacted N, N-dimethylethylamine were removed by rotary evaporation and the resultant residue crystallized in ether. After drying, the final Me4Et2-diquat-6 bromide could be obtained successfully. Then, the Me4Et2-diquat-6 bromide was converted to hydroxide form by using hydroxide exchange resin in water, and the obtained solution was titrated by 0.1 M HCl aqueous solution. Notably, if there is no special description, Me4Et2-diquat-6 refers to the hydroxide type.
[0233] Example 1: Synthesis of an all-silica zeolitic material having the ITR framework structure type (Si-COE-12 zeolite)
[0234] In a typical run for synthesizing Si-COE-12 zeolite using Me4Et2-diquat-6 as an organic tem-plate, 3.468 g TEOS, and 6.165 g Me4Et2-diquat-6 (0.675 mmol / g) were mixed in a 25 mL beaker and stirred for 12 h to form clear solution. After addition of 725 μL hydrofluoric acid to the above solution, the beaker was heated at 80 ℃ to evaporate excess water and ethanol. The final molar compositions of the mixtures were 1.0 SiO2 : 0.25 Me4Et2-diquat-6 : 1 H2O : 1 HF. The mixture was ground sufficiently and transferred to an autoclave and sealed. After heating at 175 ℃ for 144 h, the product, denoted as Si-COE-12, was obtained from filtrating and drying at 80 ℃ overnight. The removal of organic template in the as-made Si-COE-12 zeolite was per-formed by calcination at 550 ℃ for 4 h. The calcined product was named as H-Si-COE-12. The yield of pure silica ITR zeolite is about 83%.
[0235] The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-synthesized Si-COE-12 zeolite shows a series of charac-teristic peaks associated with ITR structure, which are in good agreement with those of simulat-ed XRD pattern of the ITR zeolite (see Figure 1) . N2 sorption isotherms of the H-Si-COE-12 zeo-lite product afford a BET surface area of 463 m2 / g and a micropore volume of 0.16 cm3 / g. In Figure 2, the 29Si MAS NMR spectrum of the as-synthesized Si-COE-12 zeolite is displayed, showing peaks with the chemical shift between -105 and -102 ppm associated with Si (4Si) spe-cies.
[0236] Example 2: Synthesis of an all-silica zeolitic material having the ITR framework structure type (Si-COE-12 zeolite) with varying parameters
[0237] Example 1 was repeated, wherein the H2O / SiO2 ratio was increased to obtain a final molar com-positions of the mixtures of 1.0 SiO2 : 0.25 Me4Et2-diquat-6 : 3 H2O : 1 HF. ITR zeolite with good crystallinity could be obtained.
[0238] Example 3: Synthesis of a boron containing zeolitic material having the ITR framework struc-ture type (B-COE-12 zeolite)
[0239] In a typical run for the synthesis of B-COE-12 zeolite using Me4Et2-diquat-6 as an organic tem-plate, 3.468 g TEOS, 0.01 g H3BO3 and 6.165 g Me4Et2-diquat-6 (0.675 mmol / g) were mixed in a 25 mL beaker and stirred for 12 h to form a clear solution. After addition of 725 μL hydrofluoric acid to the above solution, the breaker was heated at 80 ℃ to evaporate excess water and eth-anol. The final molar compositions of the mixture were 1.0 SiO2 : 0.01 H3BO3 : 0.25 Me4Et2-diquat-6 : 1 H2O : 1 HF. The mixture was ground sufficiently and transferred to an autoclave and sealed. After heating at 175 ℃ for 144 h, the sample, denotes as B-COE-12, was obtained from filtrating and drying at 80 ℃ overnight. The removal of organic template in the as-synthesized B-COE-12 zeolites was performed by calcination at 550 ℃ for 4 h. The calcined sample was named as H-B-COE-12, and the Si / B ratio of H-B-COE-12 measured by ICP technique was about 202. The yield of borosilicate ITR zeolite is about 82%.
[0240] The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-synthesized and calcined B-COE-12 zeolite shows a se-ries of characteristic peaks associated with ITR structure (see Figure 4) . In Figure 5, the 11B MAS NMR spectrum of the as-synthesized B-COE-12 zeolite is displayed, showing peaks with the chemical shift at -4 ppm.
[0241] Example 4: Synthesis of an aluminium containing zeolitic material having the ITR framework structure type (Al-COE-12 zeolite)
[0242] In a typical run for the synthesis of Al-COE-12 zeolite using Me4Et2-diquat-6 as an organic tem-plate, 3.468 g TEOS, 0.017g aluminum isopropoxide, and 6.165 g Me4Et2-diquat-6 (0.0675 mmol / g) were mixed in a 25 mL beaker and stirred for 12 h to form a clear solution. After addi-tion of 0.05 g pure silica ITR zeolite seeds and 725 μL hydrofluoric acid to the above solution, the beaker was heated to 80℃ to evaporate excess water and ethanol. The final molar compo-sition of the mixtures were 1.0 SiO2 : 0.0025 Al2O3 : 0.25 Me4Et2-diquat-6 : 5 H2O : 1 HF. The mixture was ground sufficiently and transferred to an autoclave and sealed. After heating at 175 ℃ for 144 h, the sample, denoted as Al-COE-12, was obtained from filtrating and drying at 80 ℃ overnight. The removal of organic template in the as-synthesized Al-COE-12 zeolites was performed by calcination at 550 ℃ for 4 h. The calcined sample was named as H-Al-COE-12, and the Si / Al ratio of H-Al-COE-12 measured by ICP technique was about 86. The yield of alu-minosilicate ITR zeolite is about 81%.
[0243] The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-synthesized and calcined Al-COE-12 zeolite shows a se-ries of characteristic peaks associated with ITR structure (see Figure 7) . In Figure 8, the 27Al MAS NMR spectrum of the as-synthesized aluminosilicate zeolite exhibits one signal with the chemical shift at 55 ppm associated with aluminum in the zeolite framework.
[0244] Example 5: Synthesis of an aluminium containing zeolitic material having the ITR framework structure type (Al-COE-12 zeolite)
[0245] The mixture was prepared according to Example 4, wherein the final molar composition of the mixtures were 1.0 SiO2 : 0.013 Al2O3 : 0.25 Me4Et2-diquat-6 : 5 H2O : 0.5 HF. The mixture was ground sufficiently and transferred to an autoclave and sealed. After heating at 175 ℃ for 144 h, the sample, denoted as Al-COE-12, was obtained from filtrating and drying at 80 ℃ overnight. The removal of organic template in the as-synthesized Al-COE-12 zeolites was performed by calcination at 550 ℃ for 4 h. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-synthesized and calcined Al-COE-12 zeolite shows a series of characteristic peaks associated with ITR structure (see Figure 10).
[0246] Example 6: Synthesis of an aluminium containing zeolitic material having the ITR framework structure type (Al-COE-12 zeolite)
[0247] The mixture was prepared according to Example 4, wherein the final molar composition of the mixtures were 1.0 SiO2 : 0.01 Al2O3 : 0.25 Me4Et2-diquat-6 : 5 H2O : 0.5 HF. The mixture was ground sufficiently and transferred to an autoclave and sealed. After heating at 175 ℃ for 144 h, the sample, denoted as Al-COE-12, was obtained from filtrating and drying at 80 ℃ overnight. The removal of organic template in the as-synthesized Al-COE-12 zeolites was performed by calcination at 550 ℃ for 4 h. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-synthesized and calcined Al-COE-12 zeolite shows a series of characteristic peaks associated with ITR structure (see Figure 10).
[0248] Example 7: Synthesis of an aluminium containing zeolitic material having the ITR framework structure type (Al-COE-12 zeolite)
[0249] The mixture was prepared according to Example 4, wherein the final molar composition of the mixtures were 1.0 SiO2 : 0.0066 Al2O3 : 0.25 Me4Et2-diquat-6 : 5 H2O : 0.5 HF. The mixture was ground sufficiently and transferred to an autoclave and sealed. After heating at 175 ℃ for 144 h, the sample, denoted as Al-COE-12, was obtained from filtrating and drying at 80 ℃ overnight. The removal of organic template in the as-synthesized Al-COE-12 zeolites was performed by calcination at 550 ℃ for 4 h. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-synthesized and calcined Al-COE-12 zeolite shows a series of characteristic peaks associated with ITR structure (see Figure 10).
[0250] Example 8: Synthesis of an aluminium containing zeolitic material having the ITR framework structure type (Al-COE-12 zeolite)
[0251] The mixture was prepared according to Example 4, wherein the final molar composition of the mixtures were 1.0 SiO2 : 0.005 Al2O3 : 0.25 Me4Et2-diquat-6 : 5 H2O : 0.5 HF. The mixture was ground sufficiently and transferred to an autoclave and sealed. After heating at 175 ℃ for 144 h, the sample, denoted as Al-COE-12, was obtained from filtrating and drying at 80 ℃ overnight. The removal of organic template in the as-synthesized Al-COE-12 zeolites was performed by calcination at 550 ℃ for 4 h. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-synthesized and calcined Al-COE-12 zeolite shows a series of characteristic peaks associated with ITR structure (see Figure 10) .
[0252] Example 9: Synthesis of an aluminium containing zeolitic material having the ITR framework structure type (Al-COE-12 zeolite)
[0253] The mixture was prepared according to Example 4, wherein the final molar composition of the mixtures were 1.0 SiO2 : 0.01 Al2O3 : 0.25 Me4Et2-diquat-6 : 5 H2O : 0.75 HF. The mixture was ground sufficiently and transferred to an autoclave and sealed. After heating at 175 ℃ for 144 h, the sample, denoted as Al-COE-12, was obtained from filtrating and drying at 80 ℃ overnight. The removal of organic template in the as-synthesized Al-COE-12 zeolites was performed by calcination at 550 ℃ for 4 h. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-synthesized and calcined Al-COE-12 zeolite shows a series of characteristic peaks associated with ITR structure (see Figure 11) .
[0254] Example 10: Catalytic testing -MTO testing
[0255] MTP reaction was performed in a fixed-bed reactor at an atmospheric pressure. The reaction temperature was at 480 ℃. The zeolite catalyst (0.50 g, 20-40 mesh) was pretreated in flowing nitrogen at 500 ℃ for 2 h and cooled down to reaction temperature. The methanol was injected into the catalyst bed by a pump with weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 2 h-1, vaporized in a preheated assembly and mixed with nitrogen prior to being passed through the catalyst. The product was analyzed by online gas chromatography (Agilent 6890N) with FID detector using HP-PLOT-Q column.
[0256] Figures 12 and 13 show catalytic conversions and product selectivities in the MTO reaction over the H-Al-COE-12 zeolite from Example 4 and the H-ZSM-5 zeolite from Comparative Example 1. Table 1 shows the results of reactions for 4 h. Clearly, the H-Al-COE-12 zeolite exhibits a higher selectivity for propene and higher propene / ethene ratios than H-ZSM-5 zeolite, which is poten-tially important for the selective production of propylene in the industrial applications.
[0257] Table 1: Results from MTO testing at a reaction time of 4 hours at 480 ℃.
[0258] DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0259] Figure 1 displays the XRD pattern of the pure silica ITR zeolite obtained according to Exam-ple 1.
[0260] Figure 2 displays the 29Si MAS NMR spectrum of the as-synthesized pure silica ITR zeolite obtained according to Example 1.
[0261] Figure 3 displays the SEM images of the pure silica ITR zeolite obtained according to Exam-ple 1.
[0262] Figure 4 displays the XRD pattern of the as-synthesized and calcined borosilicate ITR zeolite obtained according to Example 3.
[0263] Figure 5 displays the 11B MAS NMR spectrum of the as-synthesized and calcined borosilicate ITR zeolite obtained according to Example 3.
[0264] Figure 6 displays the SEM images of the borosilicate ITR zeolite obtained according to Ex-ample 3.
[0265] Figure 7 displays the XRD pattern of the as-synthesized and calcined aluminosilicate ITR zeolite obtained according to Example 4.
[0266] Figure 8 displays the 27Al MAS NMR spectrum of the as-synthesized and calcined aluminosil-icate ITR zeolite obtained according to Example 4.
[0267] Figure 9 displays the SEM images of the aluminosilicate ITR zeolite obtained according to Example 4.
[0268] Figure 10 displays the XRD pattern of the as-synthesized and calcined aluminosilicate ITR zeolites with varying SiO2 / Al2O3 ratios in the synthesis gel obtained according to Ex-amples 5 to 8.
[0269] Figure 11 displays the XRD pattern of the as-synthesized aluminosilicate ITR zeolites with varying HF / SiO2 ratios in the synthesis gel obtained according to Examples 4 and 9.
[0270] Figure 12 shows the dependencies of methanol conversion and product selectivities on reac-tion time in MTO conducted in Example 9 over the H-Al-COE-12 zeolite in the prod-uct at 480℃ (square: C2, circle: C3, triangle: C4, and star: conversion rate of meth-anol) .
[0271] Figure 13 shows the dependencies of methanol conversion and product selectivities on reac-tion time in MTO conducted in Example 9 over the H-ZSM-5 zeolite in the product at 480℃ (square: C2, circle: C3, triangle: C4, and star: conversion rate of methanol) .
[0272] Cited prior art:
[0273] -A. Corma et al. in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, pp. 16482-16483
[0274] -C.Lei et al. in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, pp. 15649-15655
[0275] -WO 2021 / 052466 A1
Claims
1.A zeolitic material having the ITR type framework structure, wherein the zeolitic material comprises YO2 and optionally X2O3 in its framework structure, wherein Y is a tetravalent element and X is a trivalent element, and wherein the framework structure of the zeolitic material comprises less than 5 weight-%of Ge calculated as GeO2 and based on 100 weight-%of YO2 contained in the framework structure.2.The zeolitic material according to claim 1, wherein the YO2 : X2O3 molar ratio of the framework structure of the zeolitic material is in the range of from 1 to 1, 500.3.The zeolitic material of according to claim 1 or 2, wherein Y comprises Si, wherein the 29Si MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprisesa first peak in the range of from -105 to -110 ppm,a second peak in the range of from -110 to -115 ppm,a third peak in the range of from -115 to -120 ppm.4.The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein X comprises Al, wherein the 27Al MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprisesa peak in the range of from 50 to 60 ppm.5.The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein X comprises B, wherein the 11B MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprisesa peak in the range of from 0 to -5 ppm.6.The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the 110 / 111 intensity ratio of the 110 and 111 reflections of the ITR type framework structure in the X-ray diffractogram of the zeolitic material, determined according to reference Example 1, is 4.1 or less.7.The zeolitic material of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the zeolitic material displays an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising at least the following reflections: wherein 100%relates to the intensity of the maximum peak in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern, and wherein the X-ray diffraction pattern is preferably determined according to reference example 1.8.A process for the preparation of a zeolitic material having the ITR type framework struc-ture, wherein the process comprises(1) preparing a mixture comprising one or more organic templates as structure directing agents, one or more sources of YO2, optionally one or more sources of X2O3, and a sol-vent system;(2) heating the mixture obtained in (1) for crystallizing a zeolitic material having the IWR type framework structure comprising YO2 and optionally X2O3 in its framework structure;wherein the one or more organic templates comprise an organodication of the formula (I) :R2R4R5N+-R1-N+R3R6R7 (I) ;wherein R1 stands for (C1-C6) alkyl;wherein R2 and R3 independently from one another stand for (C1-C4) alkyl;wherein R4, R5, R6, and R7, independently from one another stand for (C1-C6) alkyl.9.The process according to claim 8, wherein the mixture prepared in (1) further comprises seed crystals.10.The process according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the YO2: X2O3 molar ratio of the one or more sources of X2O3 calculated as X2O3 to the one or more source of YO2 calculated as YO2 in the mixture prepared in (1) and heated in (2) is in the range of from 1 to 1, 500.11.The process according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the mixture prepared in (1) further comprises one or more sources of fluoride.12.The process according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the one or more organic templates are prepared according to a process comprising(a) preparing a reaction mixture comprising a compound having the formula (II)Ra-R1-Rb (II)a compound having the formula (III)R2R3-N-R4and a solvent system to obtain a reaction mixture;(b) heating the reaction mixture obtained according to (a) , to obtain a mixture compris-ing one or more organic templates;wherein R1 stands for (C1-C6) alkyl;wherein R2 and R3 independently from one another stand for (C1-C6) alkyl;wherein R4 stands for (C1-C4) alkyl;wherein Ra and Rb independently from one each other is selected from the group consist-ing of F, Cl, Br, I, tosyl (OTS) , mesyl, triflourmethansulfonate (OTf) , and OH.13.A zeolitic material obtainable and / or obtained from the process of any one of claims 8 to 12.14.A method for the conversion of oxygenates to olefins comprising(i) providing a catalyst comprising a zeolitic material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and 13;(ii) providing a gas stream comprising one or more oxygenates and optionally one or more olefins and / or optionally one or more hydrocarbons;(iii) contacting the catalyst provided in (i) with the gas stream provided in (ii) and con-verting one or more oxygenates to one or more olefins and optionally to one or more hy-drocarbons;(iv) optionally recycling one or more of the one or more olefins and / or of the one or more hydrocarbons contained in the gas stream obtained in (iii) to (ii) .15.Use of a zeolitic material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and 13 as a molecular sieve, as an adsorbent, for ion-exchange, or as a catalyst and / or as a catalyst support.