DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR INJECTING AN AGRICULTURAL SOLUTION

Abstract

The invention relates to an injection device (10) intended for spraying an agricultural solution comprising: At least one distributor (3, 4, 5, 7) arranged to be connected, via at least one premix line to a premix tank (2), At least one mixer (8) connected to the at least one distributor and arranged to be connected, via a main line (11) to a main tank of carrier fluid, characterized in that it comprises at least one return line (13), separate from the at least one premix line, arranged to connect the at least one distributor (3, 4, 5, 7), to the premix tank (2) and in that the return line (13) comprises at least one restriction (14). The invention also proposes a system (100) for spraying an agricultural solution and a method (200) for injecting an agricultural solution implemented by at least one injection device according to the invention. Figure to be published with the abstract: figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR INJECTING AN AGRICULTURAL SOLUTION Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the agricultural field. In particular, it relates to a device for injecting an agricultural solution, notably applied to agricultural sprayers.

[0002] The invention further relates to a system for spraying an agricultural solution and to an injection method. Prior art

[0003] Below we describe the known prior art from which the invention was developed.

[0004] Various means are known in the agricultural field for spreading and spraying agricultural solutions on a surface such as a field.

[0005] These means generally make it possible to dispense a solution at a predefined flow rate and pressure generally depending on the concentration to be spread and the speed of the spreading tool.

[0006] For example, a spreading tool may correspond to a tractor equipped with a nozzle bar. These nozzles make it possible to spray the agricultural solution. A tractor or agricultural sprayer may include one or more nozzle bars in order to make the passes of the spreading tool profitable.

[0007] However, this spraying is often imprecise and not very adjustable.

[0008] Indeed, with the increase in boom lengths and the number of nozzles, the solution to be spread takes longer and longer to reach the nozzles, which generates waiting times. In addition, these delays lead to irregularities in the dosage of the solution to be sprayed. Indeed, booms of different lengths lead to shorter delay times in the middle of the spray boom (central section of the nozzle boom) and longer delay times on the outer sections. In this way, the agricultural solution is sprayed predominantly at the central boom sections to the detriment of the outer boom sections. Conversely, the booms can be supplied by the outer sections, which then leads to longer delay times for the central sections and therefore irregular spraying.

[0009] Furthermore, the flow rate and pressure of the agricultural solution to be spread is extremely variable due to the number of nozzles (1 to 100 nozzles for 50-meter booms) and the forward speed of the sprayer, which can vary, for example, by a factor of 6 (minimum speed 5 km / h and maximum speed 30 km / h). Thus, the flow rate of a nozzle at 5 km / h for an agricultural solution of 100 1 / ha is equal to 0.41 1 / min, while the flow rate of 100 nozzles at 30 km / h is equal to 250 1 / min. The flow rates which must therefore be ensured with an accuracy of 1% are of the order of 600 (250 1 / min 4- 0.411 / min). In addition, these variations can be very rapid when the nozzles are controlled in localized spraying (or spot spraying), generally less than 20 milliseconds.

[0010] At the same time, injection systems have been developed to compensate for product changes between plots and product dose modulations between and within plots. Thus, there are devices which inject a concentrated mixture of plant protection products and water called premix into one or more points of the spray boom.This premix is ​​usually mixed at this injection point with a solution, usually water, to form a concentration mixture ready to be distributed by the nozzles of the spray boom.

[0011] This system is most often associated with the direct injection system as described in document WO2016132085.

[0012] The injection point is placed at the junction of the direct injection system and the rail sections. The injection point can take different shapes depending on the number of nozzles on the rail section.

[0013] Nevertheless, these injection points are neither sufficient nor satisfactory for achieving a homogeneous and precise mixture while presenting a large dynamic, a few milliseconds in flow variation speed and a factor of approximately 600 in amplitude.

[0014] Thus, there is a need for new injection solutions capable of producing a homogeneous mixture with great precision while exhibiting a significant reaction speed in the face of variations in flow rate and pressure.

[0015] The invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art. In particular, the invention aims to propose an injection device intended for spraying an agricultural solution, said device allowing rapid switching, high dosage precision and homogeneous mixing.

[0016] The invention further aims to propose a system for spraying a solution comprising an injection device according to the invention and an injection method. Summary of the invention

[0017] The invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.

[0018] The invention relates in particular to an injection device intended for spraying an agricultural solution comprising:

[0019] - At least one distributor arranged to be connected, via at least one premix line to a premix tank,

[0020] - At least one mixer connected to the at least one distributor and arranged to be connected, on the one hand, via a main line, to a main tank of carrier fluid, and on the other hand, via a supply line to a nozzle ramp(s).

[0021] characterized in that it comprises at least one return line, distinct from the at least one premix line, arranged to connect the at least one distributor to the premix tank and in that the return line comprises at least one restriction and / or a regulator configured so that the flow rate passing from the distributors connected to this return is invariant whatever the passage position of the distributor(s).

[0022] The applicant has developed an injection device capable of enabling precise and reliable spraying of an agricultural solution. The device according to the invention makes it possible to control the pressure, flow rate and quantity of agricultural solution as well as the shape of the droplets.

[0023] Furthermore, such an injection device according to the invention makes it possible to produce a homogeneous, precise mixture with high dynamics (a few milliseconds in flow rate variation speed).

[0024] Furthermore, the injection device according to the invention makes it possible to modulate with great precision the flow rate and the pressure depending on the injection mode of the agricultural solution.

[0025] According to other optional features of the device, the latter may optionally include one or more of the following features, alone or in combination: - the pressure of the return line (13) is equal to the pressure in the premix injection line in the mixer (8). - the premix line is divided into at least two lines. - at least one of the premix lines comprises one or more distributors configured so that the flow of premix injected into the mixer is continuous. - at least one of the premix lines comprises one or more distributors configured so that the flow of premix injected into the mixer is pulsed. - at least one premix line comprises at least one sensor selected from a flow meter and / or a pressure gauge. - it comprises one or more pressure regulators and / or one or more restrictions configured so that the pressure of the premix line is equal to the pressure of the main carrier fluid line and that this main line comprises a distributor arranged to connect it to the inlet of the mixer. - the distributor of the main carrier fluid line has a return line separate from the main line and that the return line contains restrictions equal to the restrictions of the return lines of the premix(es) and equal to the equivalent of the hydraulic load at the outlet of the mixer. - the distributor (6) connected to a carrier fluid line (11) and to a mixer (8) inlet line (65) and at least one distributor (4, 7) connected to at least one premix line (12, 76) and to the line (65), are configured to operate in complement in such a way that the line (65) is only supplied by one of the distributors at a time.

[0026] According to a second object, the invention relates to a system for spraying an agricultural solution comprising at least one injection device according to the invention and a nozzle bar comprising at least one nozzle and in which the at least one injection device is arranged at each nozzle or upstream of the nozzle bar.

[0027] According to a third object, the invention relates to a method for injecting an agricultural solution implemented by at least one injection device according to the invention comprising: - A step of generating information by at least one sensor, - A step of defining an injection mode based on the information generated, - A flow and / or pressure adjustment step depending on the defined injection mode, - A solution injection step has an adjusted flow rate and / or pressure. Brief description of the drawings

[0028] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and with reference to the appended drawings, given for illustrative purposes and in no way limiting.

[0029] [Fig-1] [Fig.l] represents a diagram of an injection device according to a first embodiment of the invention.

[0030] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] represents a diagram of an injection device according to a second embodiment of the invention.

[0031] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] represents a diagram of an injection device according to the third embodiment of the invention.

[0032] [Fig.4] [Fig.4] represents a diagram of a spraying system according to a first embodiment of the invention.

[0033] [Fig.5] [Fig.5] represents a diagram of a spraying system according to a second embodiment of the invention.

[0034] [Fig.6] [Fig.6] represents a diagram of an injection method according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0035] The figures do not necessarily respect the scales, in particular in thickness, and this is for illustration purposes.

[0036] Aspects of the present invention are described with reference to flowcharts and / or functional diagrams of methods, apparatuses (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention.

[0037] In the figures, flowcharts and block diagrams illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowcharts or block diagrams may represent a system, device, module, or code, which includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some implementations, the functions associated with the blocks may appear in a different order than shown in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially simultaneously, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved.Each block of the block diagrams and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowchart, may be implemented by special hardware systems that perform the specified functions or acts or carry out combinations of special hardware and computer instructions. Description of the embodiments

[0038] Below, we describe a summary of the invention and the associated vocabulary, before presenting the disadvantages of the prior art, and then finally showing in more detail how the invention overcomes them.

[0039] In the remainder of the description, the term “precise” may correspond to a precision less than or equal to 5%, preferably less than or equal to 2% and even more preferably less than or equal to 1%.

[0040] The term "connect" within the meaning of the invention may correspond to connecting at least two elements together by any means allowing the at least two elements to be connected together. Furthermore, two elements may be connected together directly (without an intermediary) or indirectly (with at least one intermediary). For example, a line makes it possible to connect and therefore connect a distributor output with an input of a mixer. By indirect, it may for example be a line connecting two elements through a restriction or one or more distributors.

[0041] The expression “premix” within the meaning of the invention may correspond to a phytosanitary product or mixture of sanitary product before mixing with the carrier fluid.

[0042] The term “injection” within the meaning of the invention may correspond to incorporating, in real time, a premix into a carrier fluid.

[0043] The term “injection point” within the meaning of the invention may correspond to the device carrying out the injection and which may be arranged at the junction of the premix and the carrier fluid.

[0044] The expression “continuous flow” within the meaning of the invention may correspond to a flow which is not interrupted over time.

[0045] The expression “pulse flow” within the meaning of the invention may correspond to a flow interrupted in time and / or which presents variations.

[0046] For the purposes of the invention, the term "process", "calculate", "execute", "determine", "display", "extract", "compare" or more broadly "executable operation" means an action performed by a device or processor unless the context indicates otherwise. In this regard, operations refer to actions and / or processes of a data processing system, for example a computer system or an electronic computer device, which manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities in the memories of the computer system or other devices for storing, transmitting or displaying information. These operations may be based on applications or software.

[0047] The terms or expressions "application", "software", "program code", and "executable code" mean any expression, code or notation, of a set of instructions intended to cause data processing to perform a particular function directly or indirectly (e.g. after a conversion operation to another code). Examples of program code may include, but are not limited to, a subroutine, a function, an executable application, source code, object code, a library and / or any other sequence of instructions designed for execution on a computer system.

[0048] For the purposes of the invention, the term "processor" means at least one hardware circuit configured to execute operations according to instructions contained in a code. The hardware circuit may be an integrated circuit. Examples of a processor include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and a programmable logic circuit.

[0049] For the purposes of the invention, the term "coupled" means connected, directly or indirectly, with one or more intermediate elements. Two elements can be coupled mechanically, electrically, or linked by a communication channel.

[0050] The invention proposes to take into consideration the variations in flow rate and pressure which may be linked to the number of nozzles of a spray bar which may be occur when changing the opening or closing of said nozzles and which can disrupt the quantity of sprayed solution. In particular, the invention proposes an injection device making it possible to know the actual quantity of agricultural solution sprayed as well as the precise concentration of the mixture produced to produce the agricultural solution. In addition, the invention proposes modifying the existing injection points in order to control the flow rate and pressure in real time and instantly in order to precisely compensate for variations in flow rate and pressure that may occur.

[0051] Thus, the invention relates to an injection device intended for spraying an agricultural solution.

[0052] An injection device according to the invention, as illustrated in figures 1, 2 or 3 comprises at least one distributor 3, 4, 5, 7 arranged to be connected, via a premix line to a premix tank 2, at least one mixer 8 connected to the at least one distributor 3, 4, 5, 7 and arranged to be connected, on the one hand, via a main line 11, to a main tank of carrier fluid, and on the other hand, via a supply line 30 to a nozzle ramp(s) 31, 32. at least one return line 13, separate from the premix line, arranged to connect the at least one distributor 4, 5, 7, to the premix tank 2 and in that the return line 13 comprises at least one restriction and / or a regulator 14 configured so that the flow rate passing from the distributors connected to this return, is invariant whatever the position of passage of the distributor(s), from line 26 to line 13 or from line 26 to line 25, 65.

[0053] Similarly, the injection device according to the invention comprises one or more pressure regulators and / or one or more restrictions configured so that the pressure of the return line (13) is equal to the pressure in the premix injection line 25, 65 in the mixer (8). The means for obtaining this characteristic will be developed later.

[0054] A main tank 1 may comprise a carrier fluid. By carrier fluid, it may be water, an aqueous solution or an organic solution.

[0055] A pump 16 may be configured to circulate the carrier fluid in the main line 11. A line may correspond to a means for allowing a fluid to circulate. For example, it may be a pipe. Advantageously, the main line 11 may comprise at least one pressure regulator 17. A pressure regulator 17 makes it possible to maintain the pressure of the carrier fluid at a given pressure. The pressure regulator 17 also makes it possible to regulate the pressure to a pressure measured by a pressure gauge. Thus, the main line 11 may comprise at least one pressure gauge 18. The pressure gauge 18 makes it possible to measure the pressure of the carrier fluid in the main line 11. In addition, the main line 11 may comprise at least one flow meter 19. A flow meter 19 is used to measure the flow rate of the carrier fluid in the main line 11.

[0056] Furthermore, the main line 11 is configured to connect the main tank 1 to the mixer 8 which will be detailed below. This connection can be direct or indirect.

[0057] Furthermore, a premix tank 2 may comprise one or more phytosanitary products. In the case of several premix tanks for example, each premix tank may comprise a phytosanitary product; different or not from one another, preferably different.

[0058] A pump 20 may be configured to circulate the phytosanitary product(s) in the premix line 12. As previously, the term “line” may correspond to a means allowing the circulation of a fluid. For example, it may be a pipe. Advantageously, the premix line 12 may comprise at least one pressure regulator 21. A pressure regulator 21 makes it possible to maintain the pressure of the premix at a given pressure. The pressure regulator 21 also makes it possible to regulate the pressure at a pressure measured by a pressure gauge. Thus, the premix line 12 may comprise at least one pressure gauge 22. The pressure gauge 22 makes it possible to measure the pressure of the premix in the premix line 12. In addition, the premix line 12 may comprise at least one flow meter 23. A flow meter 23 makes it possible to measure the flow rate of the premix in the premix line 12.

[0059] Furthermore, the premix line 12 can be configured to connect the premix tank 2 to the mixer 8 which will be detailed below. This connection can be direct or indirect, preferably indirect, i.e. through at least one distributor.

[0060] The injection device 10 comprises at least one distributor 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. A distributor may be single-way or multi-way such as double-way or three-way. Preferably, it is a three-way distributor which allows time saving and improved precision. Indeed, these distributors make it possible to obtain and ensure equal switching times for opening and closing the channels. A distributor may comprise a coil which is configured to activate a hub. The activated core is then configured to act on the opening. Conversely, when the coil is no longer powered, a spring is configured to close the distributor. According to an alternative, a distributor may comprise at least two coils, a first coil of which is configured to act on the opening and the second coil is configured to act on the closing. A distributor 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 allows a carrier fluid or a premix to pass through.For this, a distributor may comprise at least one inlet and at least one outlet. Advantageously, at least one outlet of each distributor may be configured to supply the inlet of a mixer 8. Advantageously, a distributor, preferably at least one inlet of the distributor, . can be arranged to be connected, directly or indirectly, via a premix line to a premix tank 2 or via a main line 11 to a main tank 1.

[0061] Furthermore, at least one outlet of each distributor can be configured to supply at least one return line. According to the embodiments illustrated in figures 1, 2 or 3, it can be a premix return line 13, a carrier fluid return line 33 and / or an additional premix return line 35. In the example of [Fig.l], the premix return line 13 is configured to connect the distributor to the premix tank 2. Furthermore, the premix return line 13 can comprise at least one restriction 14. A restriction makes it possible to modulate the pressure. A restriction also makes it possible to modulate the flow rate. A restriction can be mechanical or electronic. It can also be, for example, an orifice or a plate.Thus, the pressure and / or flow rate can be precisely modulated according to the operating conditions. By modulating, this can correspond to an increase or a decrease in the pressure and / or the flow rate.

[0062] According to a particular embodiment, still illustrated in [Fig.l], the premix return line 13 can comprise two restrictions 14, 9. Thus, the premix return line 13 can be configured to connect the distributor to the premix tank 2 via two restrictions 9 and 14. This makes it possible to balance the flow rates and pressures of the distributors 4 and 5 and allows the pressure of the return line 13 to be equal to the pressure in the premix injection line in the mixer 8.

[0063] An injection device 10 comprises at least one mixer 8. A mixer may be a vortex mixer, a propeller mixer, or a reverse propeller mixer. The capacity of the mixer may be less than or equal to 200 cl. A mixer 8 makes it possible to mix and homogenize the premix with the carrier fluid. In addition, a mixer 8 makes it possible to homogenize the concentration of the mixture of the carrier fluid and the premix.

[0064] Advantageously, the mixer 8 may comprise at least one inlet for the premix, at least one inlet for the carrier fluid, at least one outlet for the mixture. The mixture may correspond to an agricultural solution, i.e. to the combination of premix and carrier fluid. In addition, each inlet of the mixer 8 may be provided with a non-return valve 24. Thus, at least one mixer 8, preferably at least one inlet of the mixer 8, may be arranged to be connected, for example directly or indirectly, to the at least one distributor and may be arranged to be connected, for example directly or indirectly, via a main line 11 to a main tank 1 of carrier fluid.

[0065] In a particular embodiment of the invention illustrated in [Fig.l] the premix line 12 can be divided into two lines.

[0066] The pump 20 can be configured to inject into the premix line 12 the premix contained in the premix tank 2. The premix line 12 can be arranged to be divided into a first premix line 25 and a second premix line 26.

[0067] The pressure regulator 21 can be arranged between the premix line 12 and the first and second premix lines 25, 26. This pressure regulator 21 makes it possible to maintain a given pressure. The pressure regulator 21 also makes it possible to regulate the pressure to a pressure measured by a pressure gauge 22.

[0068] Thus, the injection device according to the invention comprises a premix line 12 divided into at least two lines (25, 26).

[0069] At least one of the premix lines (25) comprises one or more distributors configured so that the flow of premix injected into the mixer (8) is continuous.

[0070] At least one of the premix lines (26) comprises one or more distributors configured so that the flow of premix injected into the mixer (8) is pulsed.

[0071] The first premix line 25 may comprise a flow meter 23 and a distributor 3, preferably single-channel.

[0072] The distributor 3 can be configured to allow the premix from the first premix line 25 to pass to an inlet of the mixer 8 through a non-return valve 24.

[0073] In parallel, the second premix line 26 may comprise a flow meter 27 and one or more distributors 4, 5. Preferably, in the case of several distributors, these are arranged in parallel. Furthermore, it is preferably a three-way distributor.

[0074] Advantageously, at least one output of the distributors 4, 5 of the second premix line 26 can be configured to be connected to the first line 25 through a restriction 14.

[0075] Furthermore, at least one output of the distributors 4, 5 of the second premix line 26 can be configured to be connected to a return line 13. The return line 13 is separate from the premix line 12. This return line 13 can be configured to be pressure-regulated by means of a pressure regulator 28 and a pressure gauge 29. The return line 13 can further be configured to connect each distributor 4, 5 to the premix tank 2. Furthermore, the pressure regulator 28 can be configured to be connected to the premix line 12 and to the premix return line 13. In the embodiment where the premix return line 13 passes through two restrictions, the pressure regulator 28 can be arranged between the two restrictions. The pressure regulator 28 makes it possible to ensure a pressure equal to the pressure developed in the first premix line 25 and / or to the pressure read by the pressure gauge 29.

[0076] The pressure regulator 21 of the premix line and the pressure regulator 28 of the return line 13 can be configured to be connected to the return line 13 returning to the premix tank 2. Advantageously, the pressure regulator 21 can be configured to be connected to the premix tank 2 without passing through a restriction.

[0077] Thus, an identical flow rate is ensured between the second premix line 26 and the return premix line 13 as well as between the second premix line 26 and the first premix line 25 depending on the position of the distributors 4 and 5.

[0078] At least one premix line (25, 26) comprises at least one sensor selected from a flow meter (23, 27) and / or a pressure gauge making it possible to precisely measure the flow rate of premix injected into the mixer 8, precision given by the fact that the flow rate in these lines (25, 26) is in continuous mode regardless of the continuous or alternating operation of the distributors (3, 4, 5, 6, 7).

[0079] Furthermore, with respect to the main line 11, a pressure regulator 17 may be configured to regulate the pressure of the carrier fluid in the main line 11 as a function of the given pressure. The pressure regulator 17 also makes it possible to regulate the pressure to a pressure measured by the pressure gauge 18. This makes it possible to know the pressure in the main line 11 at any time. Furthermore, the main line 11 may be configured to supply the second inlet of the mixer 8 through a non-return valve 24.

[0080] Finally, the output of the mixer 8 can be configured to be connected to a supply line 30. This supply line makes it possible to supply a ramp 31 with one or more nozzles 32 with mixture.

[0081] An injection device 10 according to the invention makes it possible to monitor the dynamics of the boom 31. Indeed, thanks to the flow meters 23, 27, 19 of the premix line 12 and the main line 11, the flow rate is known instantaneously. It should be noted that the data is known from the desired volume of mixture liter / hectare, forward speed of the sprayer and finally number of open nozzles.

[0082] It should be noted that the invention also covers other embodiments such as an injection device with a single distributor 4. The presence of several distributors makes it possible to increase the responsiveness on the very rapid switching of the nozzles.

[0083] Thanks to the invention, several flow rates can be taken into account.

[0084] In the case of zero flow in the main line 11.

[0085] When there is no flow in the main line 11, the distributor 3 of the first premix line 25 is configured to be closed. The distributors 4, 5 of the second premix line 26 are configured to be connected to the return line 13. This makes it possible to maintain a recirculation flow in the return line 13. Advantageously, the pressure developed by the premix in the premix line 12 is greater than or equal to the pressure measured by the pressure gauge 29 of the line return 13. This makes it possible to avoid any risk of deposit, or of clogging of the injection device 10. Thus, an injection device according to the invention can be configured to maintain a recirculation flow rate in the return line. An injection device according to the invention can also be configured to maintain a higher or equal pressure in the premix line compared to the return line. This is notably thanks to the distributors and / or pressure regulators.

[0086] At medium and high flow rates (for example ranging from 2 1 / min to 40 1 / min for the premix)

[0087] In the case of high flow rates, this can be measured by the flow meter 19 of the main line 11, or transmitted by the sprayer computer. Furthermore, in this case, the first premix line 25 can be configured to supply premix to the mixer 8. Thus, the distributor 3 can be configured to supply premix to the mixer 8 at a continuous flow rate proportional to the flow rate passing through the main line 11. For this, the pressure regulator 21 of the premix line 12 can be configured to be controlled by the flow meter 23 of the first premix line 25. This flow meter can be configured to be correlated with the flow meter 19 of the main line 11. This makes it possible to ensure a continuous flow of premix and proportional to the flow rate passing through the main line 11.Thus, an injection device according to the invention can be configured to ensure a continuous flow in the premix line, preferably proportional to the flow passing in the main line. This is particularly thanks to the distributors and / or pressure regulators.

[0088] At relatively high flow rates, for example ranging from 20 1 / min to more than 200 1 / min for the carrier fluid. In this case, the pressure variation due to the closing or opening of a few nozzles is not very significant. This simple regulation ensures dynamics for the injection device 10.

[0089] Furthermore, the pressure of the premix line 12 is higher than the pressure of the main line 11. The flow rate of premix injected into the mixer 8 is continuous. The pressure in the return line 13 is equal to the injection pressure in the mixer 8. Advantageously, the pressure in the return line 13 is maintained by the regulator 28 at the pressure in the mixer 8 permanently in order to use the distributors 4 and 5 very quickly simultaneously or alternately with the distributor 3 of the first premix line 25.

[0090] Thus, an injection device according to the invention can comprise at least one premix line 25 configured to ensure a continuous flow of premix into the mixer 8. Thanks in particular to the distributors and / or pressure regulators.

[0091] At a lower flow rate, for example less than 2 1 / mm of premix or ranging from 15 1 / mm to 20 1 / mm of carrier fluid.

[0092] In this case, the distributor 3 of the first premix line 25 can be configured to be closed. The distributors 4 and 5 of the second premix line 26 can be configured to be open.

[0093] The pressure measured by the pressure gauge 22 of the premix line 12 is minimal (approximately 1 bar above the pressure measured by the pressure gauge 18 of the main line 11). Thus, when the distributors 4, 5 of the second premix line 26 are configured to be open, the premix passes continuously from the second premix line 26 to the first premix line 25. The restriction 14, arranged between the second line 26 and the first premix line 25, makes it possible to calibrate the flow rate of the premix to the switching value of the distributor 3 of the first premix line 25 to the distributors 4, 5 of the second premix line 26. The pressure regulator 21 of the premix line is then configured to be actuated so that the pressure measured by the pressure gauge 22 follows the pressure measured by the pressure gauge 18, preferably according to a delta of approximately 1 bar. In addition, premix line 12 has an overpressure compared to main line 11.Furthermore, the flow of premix injected into the mixer 8 is pulsed.

[0094] Thus, an injection device according to the invention can be configured to ensure a pulsed flow rate in premix in the mixer 8. Thanks in particular to the distributors and / or pressure regulators.

[0095] Thus, the distributors 4,5 of the second premix line 26 make it possible to ensure very high dynamics with maximum reactivity and a controlled flow rate, making it possible to achieve high precision by adjusting the pressures read by the pressure gauges 22 and 29.

[0096] Thus, depending on the flow rate requirement at the outlet 30 of the mixer 8, the injection device according to the invention is characterized in that the premix line 12 can be divided into a first premix line (26) configured to ensure a discontinuous flow rate in the mixer (8) and a second premix line (25) configured to ensure a continuous flow rate in the mixer (8). This ensures the desired dynamics of premix injection into the carrier fluid while optimizing the volume of the mixer, which is therefore reduced to a few centiliters.

[0097] Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in [Fig.2]. Such an embodiment may comprise the same elements and the same arrangement as those of the previous embodiment.

[0098] In this embodiment, each nozzle can be configured to be supplied with a mixture. In other words, each injection device can be configured to supply one or more nozzles.

[0099] In this embodiment, the premix line 12 may be configured to supply a premix dispenser 4 via a line 26. The premix dispenser 4 can be configured to supply an output line 65. The output line 65 can be configured to supply the mixer 8. The mixer can be configured to supply a supply line 30. The supply line 30 can be configured to serve all of the nozzles 32 present on the nozzle ramp 31. The premix distributor 4 can also be configured to supply a return line 13 of the premix.

[0100] Similarly, the main line 11 can be configured to supply a carrier fluid distributor 6. The carrier fluid distributor 6 can be configured to supply the outlet line 65. The outlet line 65 can be configured to supply the mixer 8. The mixer can be configured to supply a supply line 30. The supply line 30 can be configured to serve all of the nozzles 32 present on the nozzle ramp 31.

[0101] In this embodiment, a return line 33 for the carrier fluid may also be provided. The return line 33 for the carrier fluid may be configured to connect an outlet of the carrier fluid distributor 6 to the main tank 1. Advantageously, the return line 33 for the carrier fluid may comprise a restriction 14.

[0102] Thus, in operation, the premix pressure regulator 21 can be configured to regulate the pressure to the same value as the pressure developed in the main line 11 by the carrier fluid. For this, premix pressure gauges 22 and 18 for the carrier fluid are arranged on each line.

[0103] As illustrated in [Fig.2], the premix distributor 4 can be configured to be connected on the one hand to the premix line 12 and on the other hand to the premix return line 13. Advantageously, the premix return line 13 can comprise a restriction 14. The premix distributor 4 can also be configured to be connected to an outlet line 65. This outlet line 65 can be configured to connect the outlet of the premix distributor 4 to the inlet of the mixer 8. The outlet of the mixer 8 can be arranged to be connected to the supply line 30 of each nozzle 32.

[0104] Furthermore, the main line 11 may be configured to connect the main tank 1 to a carrier fluid distributor 6. The carrier fluid distributor 6 may be configured to be connected to a carrier fluid return line 33. Advantageously, this carrier fluid return line 33 may also comprise a restriction 14. Preferably, the restrictions are equal to each other and also equal to the restriction represented by a nozzle 32. A nozzle may correspond to an orifice. The carrier fluid distributor 6 may also be configured to be connected to the outlet line 65. Furthermore, the premix and carrier fluid 6 distributors 4 will have very rapid switching, preferably of the order of a few milliseconds.

[0105] Thus the device according to the invention comprises on the one hand, one or more pressure regulators and / or one or more restrictions configured so that that the pressure of the premix line 12 is equal to the pressure of the main line 11 of carrier fluid and on the other hand, a distributor 6 arranged to connect the main line 11 to the inlet line 65 of the mixer 8

[0106]

[0107] The injection device is characterized by the fact that the distributor (6) of the main line of carrier fluid comprises a return line (33) separate from the main line (11) and that the return line (33) contains a restriction (14) equal to the restrictions of the return lines of the premix(es) (13, 35) and equal to the equivalent of the hydraulic load at the outlet (30) of the mixer (8), load generally produced by one or more nozzles.

[0108]

[0109] Still in the case of operation, the carrier fluid distributor 6 and the premix distributor 4 can be configured to operate in complement. In other words, when the premix line 12 is configured to be connected to the output line 65, the main line 11 is configured to be connected to the return line 33. Conversely, when the premix line 12 is configured to be connected to the premix return line 13, the main line 11 is then configured to be connected to the output line 65.

[0110] Thus, alternatively the outlet line 65 can be supplied at the same pressure either with premix or with carrier fluid. The mixing ratio of premix and carrier fluid is given by the ratio of the time of supply of the outlet line 65 by the main line 11 and by the premix line 12.

[0111] Thus, the injection device 10 can be configured to resolve the problems of overvoltage of the main 11 and premix 12 lines when switching a set of nozzles (in particular "spot spraying" for localized spraying according to English terminology), and also to resolve the problem of priming the booms. Indeed, since the mixture is ready instantly at the nozzle because when it is not desired to supply the supply line 30, the distributors 4 and 6 can be configured to be oriented towards the return lines 13 and 33 constituting a continuous circulation of the premix and the carrier fluid at the nozzle. The injection device makes it possible to modulate the flow rates of each line (main and premix) according to the forward speed of the sprayer, or the desired concentration modification.

[0112] Thus, an injection device according to the invention can be configured to modulate the flow rates of each line according to the forward speed of a sprayer. In particular thanks to the distributors and / or pressure regulators.

[0113] Finally, the injection device 10 can be configured to allow, by differentiating the flow meters of the premix line and the return line, to know the exact flow rate of premix consumed by applying a ratio of the opening time of the premix distributor 4 configurable to connect the premix line 12 to the output line 65 relative to the cycle time of the premix distributor 4.

[0114] The dose modulation can be adjusted with this injection device 10 during the cycle and the choice of the pressure applied in the premix line 12 and in the main line 11 thus making it possible to choose a constant droplet size whatever the speed of advancement of the sprayer since this device makes it possible to modulate the nozzle flow concentration without modifying the pressure (opening ratio of the premix and the carrier fluid in a cycle).

[0115] An injection device according to the invention may comprise a processor, configured to communicate with a memory and inputs / outputs. Indeed, the sensors (of the flow meter, pressure gauge, pressure regulator type) may be configured to generate at least one piece of information. The memory may be configured to save this information. The processor may be configured to execute operations according to instructions contained in a code, preferably according to the information generated by the sensors. Examples of a processor include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and a programmable logic circuit.

[0116] When stopped, the carrier fluid distributor 6 can be arranged so as to be connected to the outlet line 33. The premix distributor 4 can be arranged so as to be connected to the premix return line 13.

[0117] Thus, the flow meters of the premix line 12 and the premix return line 13 read the same flow rate. By differentiation, the consumed flow rate of premix is ​​equal to zero. A flow difference other than zero indicates a system anomaly and generally leaks on the line 12 or in the switching of the distributors 3.

[0118] In operation, that is to say when the distributors 4 switch, the differentiation of the flow meters compared to the calculated theoretical flow rate makes it possible to detect nozzle blockage.

[0119] In another embodiment of the invention, it may comprise several premixes. Such an embodiment is for example illustrated in [Fig.3].

[0120] The injection device 10 comprises the same elements and arrangements as those described previously. The injection device 10 may further comprise an additional premix line 34. This additional premix line 34 may be configured to be maintained at the same pressure as the premix line 12. The additional premix line 34 may comprise at least one distributor, at least one flow meter, at least one pressure gauge 76, at least one pressure regulator, a pump.

[0121] Furthermore, this additional premix line 34 may also be configured to be connected to an additional premix distributor 7. The additional premix distributor 7, preferably one of the outputs of this additional premix distributor 7, may be configured to be connected to the output line 65. Another output of the additional premix distributor 7 may be configured to be connected to an additional premix return line 35. Advantageously, this additional premix return line 35 may comprise a restriction 14. Furthermore, this additional premix return line 35 may be configured to connect the output of the additional premix distributor 7 to an additional premix tank 73. This makes it possible to avoid any alteration of the premix, which returns to the tank in which it was designed.

[0122] Furthermore, in operation, the premix 4, carrier fluid 6 and additional premix 7 distributors may be configured to be connected to the outlet line 65. This allows the mixer 8 to homogenize the carrier fluid and the premixes before reaching the nozzle(s) 32.

[0123] Advantageously, the distributors 4, 6 and 7 will be complementary, that is to say that when one of the distributors supplies the line 65, the other distributors allow the fluid to pass towards their respective return.

[0124] Thus the device according to the invention can comprise a distributor 6 connected to a carrier fluid line 11 and to a mixer 8 inlet line 65 and at least one distributor 4, 7 connected to at least one premix line 12, 76 and to the line 65, configured to operate in complement in such a way that the line 65 is only supplied by one of the distributors at a time.

[0125] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a system 100 for spraying an agricultural solution. Such a spraying system 100 may be illustrated in FIGS. 4 or 5.

[0126] The system 100 for spraying an agricultural solution comprises at least one injection device 10 according to the invention and a nozzle bar 31 comprising at least one nozzle 32. In the spraying system 100 according to the invention, the injection device 10 can be arranged at each nozzle 32. Thus, the injection device 10 can preferably correspond to the embodiment described in connection with FIGS. 2, 3, 5.

[0127] In the spraying system 100 according to the invention, the injection device 10 can be arranged upstream of the nozzle ramp 31. Thus, the injection device 10 can preferably correspond to the embodiment described in connection with FIGS. 1, 4.

[0128] In addition, the ramp can be equipped with a computer. A computer makes it possible to analyze the flow rate that can be given by the flow meter(s) and to act on the regulators and distributors of the injection device 10.

[0129] Furthermore, such a system may comprise at least one premix tank 2 and at least one main tank 1 as described above. Preferably, the system comprises as many injection devices 10 as there are premix tanks. Thus, a spraying system may comprise at least one premix tank 2. By at least one premix tank 2, it is to be understood that the injection device 10 may comprise two or more premix tanks 2. Similarly, the spraying system may comprise at least one main tank 1. By at least one main tank, it is to be understood that the injection device 10 may comprise two or more main tanks.

[0130] According to another aspect of the invention, it relates to an injection method 200. The injection method is preferably implemented by at least one injection device 10 according to the invention as illustrated in [Fig.6].

[0131] The injection method 200 according to the invention comprises a step 210 of generating information by at least one sensor, a step 220 of defining an injection mode as a function of the information generated, a step 230 of adjusting the flow rate and / or pressure as a function of the defined injection mode, a step 240 of injecting the agricultural solution at an adjusted flow rate and / or pressure.

[0132] The step 210 of generating information by at least one sensor is preferably implemented by the at least one flow meter, pressure gauge, pressure regulator of the injection device 10. It can also be the computer. Thus, the information generated can correspond to flow or pressure or concentration information (premix and / or carrier fluid). The step of generating information can also comprise the reception of information on the number of open or closed nozzles. Indeed, the flow or the pressure are analyzed in real time and instantaneously. This measurement analysis is carried out either at the level of the ramp or at the level of the nozzles or at the level of the pressure gauges of the main and / or premix lines, or at the level of the flow meters of the main and / or premix lines. In addition, such a step of generating information can also be implemented by means of a processor as defined previously.

[0133] The step 220 of defining an injection mode is a function of the information generated. Such a step can for example be implemented by a processor. A processor can be configured to, thanks to the information generated by the sensor(s), execute information according to this information generated.

[0134] Thus, if the flow rate information generated corresponds to a stoppage of the flow rate, the processor can be configured to execute information corresponding to a zero injection mode.

[0135] If the flow rate information generated corresponds to a low flow rate, such as a premix injection request of less than 2 l / min, thanks to the flow meters, the processor may be configured to execute information corresponding to a pulse injection mode. If the information generated corresponds to a pressure less than or equal to 1 bar at the premix pressure gauge 22, the processor may be configured to execute information corresponding to a pulse injection mode.

[0136] If the flow rate information generated corresponds to a high flow rate of the type with a premix injection request greater than or equal to 2 1 / min, thanks to the flow meters, the processor can be configured to execute information corresponding to a continuous injection mode. If the information generated corresponds to an equality of pressure between the main line 11 and the premix line 12 thanks to the pressure gauges, the processor can be configured to execute information corresponding to a continuous injection mode.

[0137] The step of defining an injection mode may also be a function of the number of open or closed nozzles. Thus, if the nozzle ramp comprises more closed nozzles than open nozzles, the processor may be configured to execute information corresponding to an overpressure. Conversely, if the nozzle ramp comprises more open nozzles than closed nozzles, the processor may be configured to execute information corresponding to an equality of pressure. Furthermore, the step of defining an injection mode may also take into account the arrangement of the device. That is to say whether the injection device is arranged at each nozzle or upstream of the nozzle ramp, in order to adapt the pressure and / or the flow rate.

[0138] The flow rate and / or pressure adjustment step 230 depends on the defined injection mode.

[0139] Thus, if the defined injection mode is pulsed, the flow rate and / or pressure adjustment can be implemented by the pressure regulators, the restrictions and the nozzles. Thus, the premix distributor 3 or the first premix line 25 will receive closing information. Conversely, the distributors 4, 5 of the second premix line 26 will receive opening information. The pressure and flow rate regulation at the distributors 4, 5 can then be controlled by the restrictions 14. The pressure will then be regulated by the pressure regulator 21 so as to be preferably higher than the pressure of the main line 11, read by the carrier fluid pressure gauge 18.

[0140] If the defined injection mode is continuous, the flow rate and / or pressure adjustment may also be implemented by the pressure regulators, restrictions and nozzles.

[0141] Advantageously, the flow rate and / or pressure adjustment step may comprise the control of one or more nozzles. By control is meant the opening or closing of one or more nozzles. This makes it possible to participate in the adjustment of the flow rate and / or pressure according to the defined injection mode.

[0142] The injection step 240 of the agricultural solution at an adjusted flow rate and / or pressure is preferably carried out using the distributors which supply the mixer which itself supplies the nozzle supply line. Thus, the adjusted flow rate or pressure of the mixture produced in the mixer corresponds to the defined pressure or flow rate.

[0143] Advantageously, the injection method 200 according to the invention can also comprise a step of determining the premix concentration. Indeed, the premix concentration can be defined either in the case of a single premix or in the case of several premixes. The premix concentration can be adjusted to obtain the desired final mixture at the nozzles; this concentration can vary depending on the case from 0 to 20% of the volume of carrier fluid injected by the pump 16 into the main line 11.

[0144] Examples of the invention are described below.

[0145] Example 1: If the premix flow rate requirement is less than 2 1 / min.

[0146] A square signal (PWM abbreviated from Pulse Width Modulation) will be applied to one of the premix distributors 3,4 of the second premix line 26, reducing proportionally to the opening time of the distributor, the flow passing through it.

[0147] During part of the cycle (order of magnitude 100 ms) the distributor is closed, that is to say that the premix is ​​sent to the premix return line 13.

[0148] The flow rate through the distributor remains constant regardless of its position (open or closed) thanks to the pressure regulator 28 which maintains in the return line 13 a pressure measured by the pressure gauge 29 equal to the pressure of the first premix line 25. Thus, up to the switching time, the reading of the flow meter 27 makes it possible to know the injection rate in the first premix line 25 because it perfectly follows the opening time of the distributor.

[0149] Flow rate in the first premix line 25 = flow rate read by the flow meter 27 - flow rate of the distributor in PWM multiplied by the PWM opening ratio.

[0150] The distributors 4 and 5 are complementary and ensure the dynamics of rapid switching of the nozzles and more particularly at low flow rates. When the flow rate in the main line 11 decreases, the distributor 4 remains positioned so that the second premix line 26 continuously supplies the first premix line 25. and a pulse switching is applied to the distributor 5. When the continuous flow rate has decreased, the distributor 5 is switched to the return line 13 and a pulse switching is applied to the distributor 4. As the pressure read by the pressure gauge 29 is equal to the mixer pressure, the flow rates going from the second premix line 26 to the first premix line 25 are equal to the flow rates going from the second premix line 26 to the return line 13. Thus, the reading of the flow meter 27 makes it possible to perfectly know the injected flow rate since it is strictly proportional to the switching time applied to the distributor (for example: if the distributor 5 is closed, that the command applied to the distributor 4 is 20 ms on a cycle of 100 ms or 20% of the injection time in the first premix line 25, and that the flow rate read on the flow meter 27 is 1000 ml / min, the premix injection rate in the mixer 8 is 1000 x 20% = 200 ml / min).

[0151] For excellent measurement accuracy, the distributors 4 and 5 of the second premix line 26 will have strictly equal switching times on opening and closing (3-way distributors preferred) and very short switching times, preferably less than or equal to 5 ms, preferably less than or equal to 3 ms and even more preferably less than or equal to 2 ms.

[0152] With a minimum opening time of the order of 10 ms, the injection device allows for a dynamic range of 10 (10 ms over a 100 ms cycle).

[0153] It is then possible to obtain with a first distributor, a flow rate = 1 / 10 of the maximum flow rate passing through it (example if the flow rate passing through at a pressure of 1 bar is 21 / min the PWM makes it possible to obtain a flow rate 2 HO = 0.2 Z / min).

[0154] By acting in the same way with the second distributor, flow rates can be obtained which can vary from 4 1 / min to 0.1 1 / min.

[0155] Example 2: If the flow rate requirement is less than 0.11 / min

[0156] To obtain flow rates lower than 0.1 1 / min knowing that there is a minimum opening time of the distributor (approximately 10 ms to maintain good measurement accuracy), it is sufficient to increase the PWM cycle time. If the cycle time is 100 ms, by increasing it to 400 ms the minimum opening time still being 10 ms, the minimum flow rate is then 2 * 10 / 400 = 0.05 1 / min which makes it possible to achieve the gain objective.

[0157] The injection device makes it possible to inject, by measuring it, a premix solution into a carrier fluid with a gain of 0.05 to 40 1 / min, i.e. a gain of 800.

[0158] The homogeneity of the mixture is ensured by the mixer 8 which sees a continuous injection of premix at high and medium flow rates then sees a pulsed injection when the flow rates become low.

[0159] The invention may be the subject of numerous variants and applications other than those described above. In particular, unless otherwise indicated, the various structural and functional features of each of the implementations described above should not be considered as combined and / or closely and / or inextricably linked to each other, but rather as mere juxtapositions. Furthermore, the structural and / or functional features of the different embodiments described above may be subject in whole or in part to any different juxtaposition or any different combination.

Claims

Claims

1. Injection device (10) intended for spraying an agricultural solution comprising: - At least one distributor (3,4,5,7) arranged to be connected, via at least one premix line to a premix tank (2), - At least one mixer (8) connected to the at least one distributor (3,4,5,7) and arranged to be connected, on the one hand, via a main line (11), to a main tank of carrier fluid, and on the other hand, via a supply line (30) to a nozzle ramp(s) (31,32). characterized in that it comprises at least one return line (13), separate from the at least one premix line, arranged to connect the at least one distributor (4, 5, 7), to the premix tank (2) and in that the return line (13) comprises at least one restriction and / or one regulator (14) configured so that the flow rate passing from the distributors connected to this return is invariant whatever the passage position of the distributor(s).

2. Injection device (10) according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises one or more pressure regulators and / or one or more restrictions configured so that the pressure of the return line (13) is equal to the pressure in the premix injection line in the mixer (8).

3. Injection device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 2 characterized in that the premix line 12 is divided into at least two lines (25, 26).

4. Injection device (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least one of the premix lines (25) comprises one or more distributor(s) configured so that the flow of premix injected into the mixer (8) is continuous.

5. Injection device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one premix line (26) comprises one or more distributor(s) configured so that the flow rate of premix injected into the mixer (8) is pulsed.

6. Injection device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that at least one premix line (25, 26) comprises at least one sensor selected from a flow meter (23, 27) and / or a pressure gauge.

7. Injection device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it comprises, on the one hand, one or more pressure regulators and / or one or more restrictions configured so that the pressure of the premix line (12) is equal to the pressure of the main line (11) of carrier fluid and, on the other hand, a distributor (6) arranged to connect the main line (11) to the inlet line (65) of the mixer (8).

8. Injection device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 2 and 7, characterized in that the distributor (6) of the main line of carrier fluid comprises a return line (33) separate from the main line (11) and that the return line (33) contains a restriction (14) equal to the restrictions of the return lines of the premix(es) (13, 35) and equal to the equivalent of the hydraulic load at the outlet (30) of the mixer (8).

9. Injection device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 2 and 7 to 8 characterized in that the distributor (6) connected to a carrier fluid line (11) and to a mixer inlet line (65) (8) and at least one distributor (4, 7) connected to at least one premix line (12, 76) and to the line (65), are configured to operate in complement in such a way that the line (65) is only supplied by one of the distributors at a time.

10. System (100) for spraying an agricultural solution comprising at least one injection device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and a nozzle bar comprising at least one nozzle (32) and in which the at least one injection device (10) is arranged at each nozzle (32) or upstream of the nozzle bar.

11. Method for injecting (200) an agricultural solution implemented by at least one injection device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprising: A step of generating (210) information by at least one sensor, A step of defining (220) an injection mode based on the information generated, A step (230) of adjusting the flow rate and / or pressure according to the defined injection mode, A step of injecting (240) the solution at an adjusted flow rate and / or pressure.

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