Nail

Abstract

Nail (1) for use in a nail-setting device, which is made of a predominantly lignocellulosic material and has a nail shank (1a), characterized in that on each of the two axial end regions of the nail shank (1a) a nail tip (1b, 1c) is provided, the nail tips (1b, 1c) being respectively designed as a conical nail tip, a truncated round tip, a pyramidal nail tip or a truncated pyramidal nail tip.

Description

Title of the invention: Nail

[0001] The present invention relates to a nail for use in a nail setting apparatus, which is made of a primarily lignocellulosic material and which comprises a nail shank.

[0002] Nails are among the oldest known means of assembly in construction technology. They are used in particular in house construction, shipbuilding, weapons technology, etc., most often in connection with the material wood. A distinction should be made between metal nails, most often iron or steel, and wooden nails, which have been increasingly used in recent years to assemble building elements made of wood or wood substitute materials.

[0003] Traditionally, nails are driven into the material to be nailed using hammers. Typically, several hammer blows are required for this, with the risk of bending the nail if the nail head is not struck in line with the nail shank.

[0004] In order to increase production speed, tools have been developed to drive nails into the components to be joined more quickly than with hand hammers. These include nailers, which can be equipped with various drive concepts. Pneumatic nailers, which generally operate at pressures of 5 to 6 bar and achieve driving speeds of 25 m / s, are of particular importance. Electric nailers can also be used.

[0005] Common pneumatic nailers have a base body and a rolling tube for guiding a nail to be driven into a workpiece and a striker that drives it. The rolling tube extends between a free front end, which is placed on the workpiece to drive a nail, and a drive-side rear end, which is connected by a fluid to a compressed air supply device, and forms a firing channel therein.

[0006] In recent years, it has become increasingly necessary to automate the production of parts such as wall elements of prefabricated houses. To achieve this, it is necessary to automatically drive a large number of nails one after the other into a building element. For this purpose, gantries are generally used, but also robots, in which a nailing device is moved in an automated manner in order to drive nails into defined positions in a building element. As a rule, the nails are fed one after the other to the nailing device in a magazine located on the side of the nailing device.

[0007] In the magazine, the nails are usually presented in the form of rolled nail strips, in which they are held side by side and aligned parallel. The fact that the magazines can only hold a very limited number of nails is sometimes considered a disadvantage, so that the magazines must be replaced regularly, which involves corresponding downtimes of the pneumatic nailer.

[0008] To address this problem, document EP 4 129 592 A1, also due to the applicant, proposes to make the nails available in bulk in a reservoir of a provision unit remote from the nailing device and to transport them in their longitudinal direction by a flexible pipe towards the nailing device. In the corresponding pipe, the nails are brought to the nailing device by being placed one behind the other, point against head. It is therefore necessary to orient the nails accordingly in the supply device.

[0009] The objective of the invention is therefore to design a nail intended to be used in a nail-setting apparatus of the type mentioned at the beginning, so as to simplify the supply of the nail-setting apparatus via a flexible conduit.

[0010] According to the invention, this task is solved for a nail of the type mentioned at the beginning by the fact that a nail tip is respectively provided on each of the two axial end regions of the nail shank, the nail tips being respectively designed as a conical nail tip, as a round, truncated cone tip, as a pyramidal nail tip or as a truncated pyramidal nail tip.

[0011] The invention is therefore based on the idea of ​​providing the nails with points at both axial ends of the nail shank, i.e. forming them in a way like a toothpick. This makes obsolete the need to sort the nails in the supply device according to their head-point orientation before transporting them to the nail-setting apparatus via a flexible hose.

[0012] Preferably, the two tips of the nails are identical, so that the nails can be symmetrical about their longitudinal median plane and their transverse median plane. In principle, the two nail tips can also have a different shape.

[0013] According to an improvement of the invention, it is provided that the tip angle of the nail tips is >30°, in particular >40°. Similarly, it may be provided that the tip angle of the nail tips is <90°, in particular <70°. Preferably, the tip angle of at least one nail tip is 45° ± 3° or the tip angle of at least one nail tip is 60° ± 3°. It has been found that nails with tip angles within the indicated ranges exert a significantly less cleaving effect on the nailed construction elements than nails with smaller tip angles, for example of the order of 20°.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one nail tip is designed as a truncated cone-shaped nail tip. In this case, the axial length of the truncated cone may be at least 10%, in particular at least 20% and preferably at least 30% shorter than the axial length of the corresponding cone. Likewise, the axial length of the truncated cone may be at most 60%, in particular at most 50% ± 2% shorter than the axial length of the corresponding cone. It has been found that nails with correspondingly blunt tips can always be driven very well into building elements made of wood, wood substitute materials, but also other materials, by means of a nailing device.Blunting also has the advantage that the front face provides a good attack surface for pressure when nails are to be driven with a pneumatic nailer if, in use, the rear tip of the nail is blunt. The same applies when the nailers are used with a firing pin that strikes the rear end of the nail, because the blunting then prevents the rear tip of the nail from breaking.

[0015] The end front surface of the truncated cone may be flat. In this case, the transitions to the lateral surface of the truncated cone are rounded in order to avoid notch effects. In the same way, it is possible to make the end front surface of the truncated cone in the form of a cap, the transitions to the lateral surface of the truncated cone can then also be rounded.

[0016] In another embodiment of the nail according to the invention, it is provided that at least one cone tip is designed as a conical nail tip, the cone tip being, in particular, rounded at its pointed end.

[0017] Likewise, at least one nail tip may be designed as a truncated pyramid-shaped nail tip. In this case, the axial length of the truncated pyramid is preferably at least 10%, in particular at least 20% and preferably at least 30% shorter than the axial length of the corresponding pyramid. Likewise, the axial length of the truncated pyramid is at most 60%, in particular at most 50% ± 2% shorter than the axial length of the corresponding pyramid.

[0018] The end face of the truncated pyramid may be planar, the transitions to the side faces of the truncated pyramid being rounded in particular. Alternatively, the end front surface of the truncated pyramid may be made in the form of a cap, the transitions to the envelope surfaces of the truncated pyramid being rounded in particular. The advantages correspond to those of the previously described design of a nail tip in the form of a truncated cone.

[0019] Similarly, at least one nail tip may be provided as a pyramidal nail tip, wherein, in particular, the pyramidal tip is rounded at its pointed end.

[0020] In another embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the nail has a total length of at least 50 mm, in particular at least 55 mm, and / or that the nail has a total length of up to 160 mm, in particular up to 90 mm and particularly preferably up to 70 mm. It has been found that optimal results can be achieved when the total length of the nail is 58 mm ± 2 mm.

[0021] The nail shank may have a round cross-section and then have a constant diameter, in particular along its axial length. The diameter of the nail shank is preferably at least 2 mm, in particular at least 3.5 mm and / or a maximum of 6 mm, in particular a maximum of 5.5 mm, and is preferably 4.5 mm ± 0.2 mm.

[0022] Alternatively, the nail shank may have an oval section or a polygonal section, in particular a square section, and / or have a section which tapers towards the tips of the nail from the axial centre.

[0023] In a manner known per se, anchoring structures may be formed in the outer surface of the nail shank in order to increase the pull-out resistance of the nails. Similarly, a plurality of longitudinal grooves extending parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the nail shank, preferably parallel to a longitudinal axis of the nail shank, may be formed in the outer peripheral surface of the nail shank. The longitudinal grooves may extend over the entire length of the nail shank and be distributed uniformly around the circumference of the nail shank. The shape of the longitudinal grooves may be freely chosen. However, it has proven useful for them to have the shape of notches of approximately triangular cross-section.Finally, it is possible to form circumferential grooves in the outer part of the nail shank, which also preferably have the shape of notches of approximately triangular cross-section.

[0024] The material from which the nails are made has, in one embodiment of the invention, a density of >0.65 g / cm3, in particular a density of >0.85 g / cm3 and preferably a density of >1.0 g / cm3, the density being in particular 1.5 g / cm3 ± 0.2 g / cm3.

[0025] Preferably, the nail is made of a compacted material which develops a swelling pressure of 0.5 N / mm2, in particular 1 N / mm2 and preferably 2 N / mm2.

[0026] The nails according to the invention may be manufactured from wood and / or a wood-based material, in particular a wood-based material with an organic binder, preferably a synthetic resin-bonded laminated wood or a synthetic resin-bonded fiber composite material, which contains lignocellulosic fibers from annual plants, and / or a thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix composite material and bio-sourced fibers, preferably flax, hemp, kenaf, rayon and viscose fibers.

[0027] The organically bound wood material may contain phenolic resin or melamine as synthetic resin. The wood material may contain synthetic resin in an amount of at least 10% by weight, in particular at least 15% by weight, the proportion of synthetic resin preferably being 20% ​​by weight ± 2% by weight.

[0028] Thus, hardwoods can serve as material for the nails according to the invention. Among the hardwoods, mention may be made of hardwoods with densities from 0.65 g / cm3, such as for example red beech (Fagus Sylvatica), hornbeam (Carpinus Betulus), maple (Acer Pseudoplatanus or Platinoides), preferably hardwoods with densities > 0.85 g / cm3, such as for example pines and umbrella pines. such as pemambouc (Caesalpinia Echinata), bangkirai (Shorea Ssp.) or certain species of rosewood (Dalbergia ssp, Machaerium ssp.), preferably hardwoods with densities > 1.0 g / cm3, such as for example bongossi (Mophira Allata) or pock wood (Guaia Cum ssp.).

[0029] Suitable wood materials manufactured with the addition of binders include undensified laminated veneer lumber and plywood made from wood species of sufficient density (see above). Commercially available laminated veneer lumber of sufficient density includes, for example, construction beech from Pollmeier Holz GmbH & Co. KG, Creuzburg, with a density of 0.68 g / cm3. Plywoods with veneer layers of the same thickness, so-called multiplex panels, are offered in beech or birch with densities of >0.76 g / cm3 by various manufacturers. Preferred wood materials containing a binder include densified laminated veneer lumber, pressed-layer wood and plywood, e.g. medium to high-density beech veneer with densities of 1.1 g / cm3 to 1.4 g / cm3, such as synthetic resin-pressed wood according to DIN 7707.

[0030] Compressed and glued materials made from woody plant materials, for example from monocotyledons, which include palm and bamboo tissues, among others, are structurally very similar to wood materials. Compressed bamboo products are marketed, in particular, under the name Cobam (compressed bamboo). Cobam has densities of 0.95 to 1.25 g / cm3.

[0031] As regards other advantageous configurations of the invention, reference is made to the subclaims as well as to the following description of two exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawing. In the drawing, we see

[0032] [Fig.l] a schematic view of a nail according to the present invention with nail tips of identical shape, which are round tips or pyramidal tips, and

[0033] [Fig.2] an embodiment of a nail according to the invention with nail tips which are in the shape of a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid.

[0034] [Fig.l] schematically represents a nail according to the present invention. The nail is mainly made of a lignocellulosic material. In the present case, it is made of a laminated wood bound by a synthetic resin, containing 20% ​​of melamine as synthetic resin and having a density greater than 1 g / cm3, specifically 1.3 g / cm3.

[0035] The nail 1 has a nail shank 1a, at both axial ends of which a nail tip 1b, 1c is formed. In the present case, the nail tips 1b, 1c are identical and are in the form of conical or pyramidal nail tips. The nail tips 1b, 1c are here each formed into a point, but can also be rounded at their pointed end. The point angle a of the nail tips 1b, 1c in the embodiment shown is approximately 60° and the nail tips 1b, 1c have an axial length L. The nail 1 has a total length of 58 mm ± 2 mm here and a round cross-section with a constant diameter D over the axial length of the nail shank 1a, which is approximately 4.5 mm in the embodiment shown.

[0036] Alternatively, it is possible for the nail shank 1a to have another cross-section, for example an oval cross-section or a polygonal cross-section. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the nail shank 1a is shown with a smooth wall. However, alternatively, anchoring structures may be formed in the outer surface of the nail shank 1a in order to increase the pull-out resistance. Similarly, longitudinal grooves and / or circumferential grooves extending in the longitudinal direction of the nail shank may be formed in the outer circumferential surface of the nail shank.

[0037] [Fig. 2] represents another embodiment of a nail 1 according to the present invention. This also has a nail shank 1 at both axial ends of which a nail tip 1b is provided, the with a tip angle a of approximately 60°. The two nail tips 1b are identical and here, as a departure from the first embodiment, have the shape of a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid, the axial length 1 of the truncated cone / truncated pyramid being shortened by approximately 50% compared to the axial length L of the cone / pyramid corresponding. As regards the materials and configurations of nail 1, reference is made to the explanations relating to [Fig.l], which are also valid here.

[0038] The nails 1 according to the invention are preferably manufactured individually and then placed in storage. They can be loaded into a nailing machine either individually or in bulk, via a reservoir which brings the nails to a nailing machine. It is sufficient to orient the nails 1 in the correct direction, without making any distinction between the front end and the rear end.

Claims

Claims

1. Nail (1) for use in a nail-setting device, which is made of a predominantly lignocellulosic material and has a nail shank (1a), characterized in that on each of the two axial end regions of the nail shank (1a) a nail tip (1b, 1c) is provided, the nail tips (1b, 1c) being respectively designed as a conical nail tip, a truncated round tip, a pyramidal nail tip or a truncated pyramidal nail tip.

2. Nail (1) for use in a nail setting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the two nail tips (1b, 1c) are identical.

3. Nail (1) for use in a nail setting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the two nail tips (1b, 1c) are shaped differently.

4. Nail (1) for use in a nail setting apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tip angle (a) of the nail tips (1b, 1c) is >30°, in particular >40°, and / or.

5. Nail (1) for use in a nail setting apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the tip angle (a) of at least one nail tip (1b, 1c) is 45° ± 3°.

6. A nail (1) for use in a nail setting apparatus according to any preceding claim, characterized in that at least one conical tip (1b, 1c) is a conical nail tip.

7. Nail (1) for use in a nail setting apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one nail tip (1b, 1c) is a truncated pyramid-shaped nail tip.

8. Nail (1) for use in a nailing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the axial length (1) of the pyramid truncated is at least 20% less than the axial length (1) of the corresponding pyramid.

9. Nail (1) for use in a nail-setting apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nail shank (1a) has a constant diameter (D).

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