Absorption heat transformer coupled to an absorption chiller

Abstract

Absorption Heat Transformer Coupled with an Absorption Refrigeration Machine. The invention relates to a heat production system comprising an absorption heat transformer (1), intended for the production of high-temperature heat, including a first evaporator (2), a first absorber (3), a first generator (4), and a first condenser (5), a first pump, a first solution pump, and a first expansion valve, and an absorption refrigeration machine (101) including a second evaporator (102), a second absorber (103), a second generator (104), and a second condenser (105), the first condenser (105) and the second evaporator (102) being thermally coupled to each other. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1

Description

Title of the invention: Absorption heat transformer coupled to an absorption chiller. Technical field

[0001] The present relates to an absorption heat transformer optimized by coupling with an absorption chiller. The invention will find application in the production of high-temperature heat, typically above 100°C, for industrial applications, which is efficient even in warm ambient conditions. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] To date, 26% of industrial heat demand relates to temperatures of 100°C to 200°C, with a strong need for decarbonization to meet the objective of net zero CO2 emissions by 2050.

[0003] Among the solutions that can be implemented to achieve these objectives, high-temperature heat pumps (above 100°C) are promising technologies. However, numerous technological barriers related to compressor performance and manufacturing, as well as the use of low-CO2 refrigerants, must be overcome. An emerging solution is to replace compressors with an ammonia / water (NH3 / H2O) absorption system. This technology can contribute to reducing final energy consumption, in accordance with the guidelines contained in the European 2030 Energy and Climate Framework and formalized in France by the LTECV (Law for Energy Transition and Green Growth) promulgated in 2015.

[0004] Absorption heat pumps, also known as absorption heat transformers (AHTs), require cooling at the condenser. This cooling is typically achieved using air heaters with heat discharged into the surrounding environment. However, when the ambient temperature is warm, for example during the summer months, above approximately 25°C, this type of device tends to lose its efficiency very quickly, or even stop working altogether.

[0005] There is therefore a need for an ecological, economical and efficient high-temperature heat production device when outdoor temperatures are hot, for example from 25°C. SUMMARY

[0006] To achieve this objective, according to one embodiment, a heat production system is provided comprising an absorption heat transformer for the production of heat, preferably high temperature, comprising a first fluidic circuit receiving a first working solution formed of a first refrigerant / first absorber pair and comprising successively in fluidic connection: a first evaporator, preferably operating at high pressure, a first absorber, preferably operating at high pressure and intended for the production of high-temperature heat, a first generator preferably operating at low pressure and a first condenser, preferably operating at low pressure, the fluidic circuit includes a first pump arranged between the first condenser and the first evaporator, a first solution pump arranged between the first generator and the first absorber, and a first expansion valve arranged in parallel with the first solution pump between the first absorber and the second generator,The system comprises an absorption chiller including a second fluid circuit receiving a second working solution formed from a second refrigerant / second absorber pair and comprising successively in fluidic connection: a second evaporator, preferably operating at low pressure and intended for the production of cold, a second absorber, preferably operating at low pressure, a second generator, preferably operating at high pressure and a second condenser, preferably operating at high pressure, and the first condenser and the second evaporator being thermally coupled to each other.

[0007] The architecture of this heat production system comprising an absorption heat transformer coupled to an absorption refrigeration machine makes it possible to guarantee the recovery of heat under real operating conditions that are wider than those of the prior art.

[0008] The heat production system according to the invention makes it possible to generate high temperature heat, advantageously at least 100°C, from a medium temperature heat source, preferably waste heat having a temperature of at least 80°C, while being low in electrical energy consumption, even when the outside temperature exceeds 25°C.

[0009] The evaporator of the absorption refrigeration machine coupled to the condenser of the absorption heat transformer ensures satisfactory cooling at the condenser of the heat transformer, even when the ambient air temperature increases and in particular exceeds 25°C, which is an upper limit for the optimal operation of absorption heat transformers, preferably NH3 / H2O.

[0010] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a method of producing high temperature heat by an absorption heat system as described above and further in the description, the second evaporator forming the cooling source of the first condenser. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0011] The aims, objects, features and advantages of the invention will become clearer from the detailed description of an embodiment thereof, which is illustrated by the following accompanying drawing:

[0012] [Fig.1] Fig.1 represents a diagram of the heat transformer according to the invention.

[0013] The drawing is given by way of example and is not limiting of the invention. It constitutes a schematic representation of principle intended to facilitate understanding of the invention and is not necessarily to scale with practical applications. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Before proceeding with a detailed review of embodiments of the invention, optional features that may be used in combination or alternatively are listed below:

[0015] - According to one example, the first condenser 5 and the second evaporator 102 are thermally coupled to each other by an intermediate fluidic circuit configured to receive a heat transfer fluid;

[0016] - According to one example, the first condenser 5 and the second evaporator 102 are thermally coupled to each other in a plate heat exchanger configured to receive the second refrigerant and the first refrigerant;

[0017] - According to one example, the second condenser 105 is configured to receive a cooling source 113 intended to provide cooling within the second condenser 105, the cooling source 113 being at a maximum temperature less than or equal to 45 °C;

[0018] - According to an example, the first fluidic circuit and the second fluidic circuit are respectively fluidly independent closed circuits.

[0019] - According to one example, the second refrigerant and the first refrigerant circulate in a plate heat exchanger acting as the second evaporator and the first condenser;

[0020] - According to one example, an intermediate fluidic circuit ensures the circulation of a heat transfer fluid between the second evaporator and the first condenser;

[0021] - According to one example, the second condenser 105 receives a source of cooling 113 intended to provide cooling within the second condenser 105, the cooling source 113 being at a maximum temperature less than or equal to 45 °C.

[0022] In the present description, the expression "A fluidically connected to B" is synonymous with "A is in fluidic connection with B" and does not necessarily mean that there is no organ between A and B. The expressions "arranged on" or "on" are synonymous with "fluidly connected to".

[0023] The upstream and downstream at a given point are taken with reference to the direction of flow of the fluid in the circuit.

[0024] Hot, cold, cooled means a relative temperature with respect to another point in the system.

[0025] A parameter "approximately equal to / greater than / less than" or "of the order of" a given value means that this parameter is equal to / greater than / less than the given value, to within 10% or even 5% of that value.

[0026] The terms "first", "second" and "third", etc., are used simply as labels and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.

[0027] The heat production system according to the invention comprises an absorption heat transformer (AHT) 1 and an absorption refrigeration machine (AFM) 101.

[0028] The absorption heat transformer 1 operates with a different cycle than the absorption chiller 101, where the goal is to produce cold. In the absorption heat transformer, the goal is to produce heat. The absorption heat transformer 1 is supplied by a heat source 11 at the first generator 4, for example at a temperature of approximately 70-80°C, and produces a heated source 14 at the first absorber 3 at a temperature greater than or equal to 100°C. The absorption chiller 101 is supplied by a hot source 111 at the second generator 104, for example at a temperature of approximately 70-80°C, and produces cold at the second evaporator 102, preferably at a temperature less than or equal to 25°C. According to the invention, this cold supplies the condenser of the transformer.

[0029] Advantageously, the heat source 11 is waste heat from industrial processes, for example, or heat produced by renewable energy. The heat source 111 is also advantageously waste heat from industrial processes. The heat source 11 and the heat source 111 may be identical and / or the same as the heat source 10.

[0030] An absorption heat transformer 1 is a thermal absorption heat pump using a working solution based on refrigerant / sorbent pairs exhibiting strong affinities.

[0031] The absorption refrigeration machine 101 also uses a working solution based on refrigerant / sorbent pairs exhibiting strong affinities.

[0032] The transformer 1 exhibits low electrical consumption, the main energy being derived from the thermal source, thus limiting operating costs when using a low-cost energy source or of waste heat. Similarly, the absorption chiller 101 exhibits low electrical consumption, as the primary energy source comes from the thermal source, thus limiting operating costs when utilizing a low-cost energy source or waste heat. Furthermore, the refrigerants used in the absorption heat transformer 1 and in the absorption chiller 101 have no or very low environmental impact on global warming (GWP = 0) or on the ozone layer (ODP = 0).

[0033] The heat transformer 1 and the refrigeration machine 101 operate thanks to the ability of certain liquids to absorb (exothermic reaction) and desorb (endothermic reaction) a vapor. They also utilize the fact that the solubility of this vapor in the liquid depends on temperature and pressure. Thus, the transformer 1 and the machine 101 use as their working solution a binary mixture, one component of which is more volatile than the other and constitutes the refrigerant. The heat transformer 1 and the refrigeration machine 101 each comprise a working solution that may be identical or different.

[0034] The absorption heat transformer 1 includes a first absorption fluidic circuit configured to ensure the fluidic connection of the various components of the absorption heat transformer 1. The first absorption fluidic circuit is a closed circuit intended to receive a working solution of the transformer.

[0035] The absorption refrigeration machine 101 includes a second absorption fluid circuit configured to ensure the fluid connection of the various components of the absorption refrigeration machine 101. The second absorption fluid circuit is a closed circuit intended to receive a working solution of the machine.

[0036] The first fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 and the second fluidic circuit of the machine are both closed and fluidically independent circuits. The fluids circulating in each of the fluidic circuits do not mix. The first fluidic circuit and the second fluidic circuit are thermally connected so as to ensure the transfer of thermal energy between the first fluidic circuit and the second fluidic circuit.

[0037] According to one embodiment of the invention, the TCA 1 comprises a first working solution of the transformer comprising the refrigerant / absorbent pair chosen preferably from the ammonia / water (NH3 / H2O) pair or possibly the water / Lithium Bromide (H2O / LiBr) pair.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the invention, the absorption refrigeration machine 101 comprises a second working solution of the transformer comprising the torque refrigerant / absorbent fluid chosen preferably from the ammonia / water (NH3 / H2O) pair or possibly the water / Lithium Bromide (H2O / LiBr) pair.

[0039] According to the invention, the NH3 / H2O couple is usable for heating applications. Furthermore, this couple allows operation at pressures higher than ambient pressure.

[0040] This thermodynamic cycle is feasible because the vapor pressure difference between the absorbent and the refrigerant varies with temperature and pressure. This variability allows for a concentration difference between the lean and rich solutions described below.

[0041] The advantage of absorption cycles is that mechanical compression is replaced by thermochemical compression which produces heat at the transformer 1 and cold at the machine 101. The only primary energy input required is at the pumps 7, 8 and 108, but the work is about 96 times less than the work that a steam compressor must provide for similar operating conditions.

[0042] An absorption heat transformer 1 (AHT) comprises four main exchangers, a first evaporator 2, a first absorber 3, a first generator 4 and a first condenser 5, and advantageously one to three secondary exchangers.

[0043] The role of the three secondary exchangers is to improve the performance of the transformer 1: a rectifier (not shown) arranged between the first generator 4 and the first condenser 5, a first economizer 15 arranged between the first condenser 5 and the first evaporator 2 to play the role of preheating and a second economizer 16 arranged between the first absorber 3 and the first generator 4 on the first solution circuit described below.

[0044] According to one possibility, the TCA 1 also includes at least a first solution pump 8 and a first pressure regulator 9 also called a pressure regulator valve.

[0045] According to the invention, the TCA 1 comprises a first pump 7 arranged between the first condenser 5 and the first evaporator 2.

[0046] The refrigerant (or coolant) of the first working solution produced in the first generator 4 circulates between the outlet 41 of the first generator 4 and the inlet 30 of the first absorber 3, passing successively, preferably through the first economizer 15, then through the first condenser 5, then the first evaporator 2, and the first absorber 3, more precisely through the fluid connections A, I, K, L, M, N.

[0047] The refrigerant-absorbent solution rich in absorbent (high concentration of absorbent), but poor in refrigerant, commonly called the poor solution, flows from the first generator 4 to the first absorber 3 in the first solution circuit, more precisely in the fluidic connections F, G, H.

[0048] The solution poor in absorbent (low concentration of absorbent), but rich in refrigerant, commonly called the rich solution, flows from the first absorber 3 to the first generator 4 in the first solution circuit, more precisely in the fluidic connections C, D E.

[0049] The working solution is said to be rich, because the concentration of refrigerant is greater than in the so-called lean working solution.

[0050] This type of TCA 1 operates according to three temperature levels: a low temperature level corresponding to the temperature of the cooling source circulating in the first condenser 5, preferably the temperature is said to be low when it is less than or equal to 45°C; an intermediate temperature level corresponding to the temperature of the hot source 10 of the first evaporator 2 and the hot source 11 of the first generator 4 advantageously corresponding respectively to the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 2, but also to the driving temperature of the generator 4,Preferably, the temperature is said to be intermediate when it is greater than or equal to 80°C and less than 100°C, and a high temperature level corresponding to the temperature of the source to be heated circulating in the first absorber advantageously corresponds to the absorption temperature in the first absorber. Preferably, the temperature is said to be high when it is greater than or equal to 100°C.

[0051] The first fluidic circuit ensures the fluidic connection of the components of the TCA 1. More precisely, the first fluidic circuit includes the various components and fluidic connections arranged between the various components.

[0052] According to the invention, the first fluidic circuit ensures the fluidic connection from the first generator 4 to the first condenser 5, then from the first condenser 5 to the first evaporator 2, then from the first evaporator 2 to the first absorber 3 and then from the first absorber 3 to the first generator 4 and then from the first generator 4 to the first absorber 3.

[0053] The absorption heat transformer 1 according to the invention comprises a first generator 4 described in detail below.

[0054] The first generator 4 is configured to vaporize the first refrigerant. The refrigerant vaporization is carried out at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure. The first generator 4 is thus configured to operate at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure.

[0055] The first working solution, referred to as the rich solution, from the first absorber 3 is heated by a heat source 11 from the first generator 4, advantageously corresponding to a medium-temperature source to be utilized, which passes through the generator 4. Thanks to this heat, a portion of the refrigerant, for example The ammonia contained in the rich solution, along with traces of water, is desorbed. The depleted working solution resulting from this process returns to the first absorber 3, preferably via the first solution circuit. The desorption process takes place at low pressure and requires a certain amount of heat. The refrigerant vapor produced by the first generator 4, also sometimes called the desorber, is routed to the first condenser 5, sometimes passing through a rectifier, and a first economizer 15.

[0056] The first generator 4 is fluidically connected to the first absorber 3 and the first condenser 5, preferably via a first economizer 15. The first generator 4 advantageously comprises an inlet 40 for the first working solution, preferably a first working solution known as a rich solution, in fluidic connection, preferably indirect, with the first absorber 3, more precisely with an outlet 31 of the first absorber 3, so as to supply the first generator 4 with the first working solution known as a rich solution. The refrigerant of the first working solution known as a rich solution is then vaporized in the first generator 4. The first working solution known as a lean solution returns to the first absorber 3 via an outlet 42.The first generator 4 advantageously includes an outlet 42 of the first working solution, preferably a first working solution known as a lean solution, connected fluidly, preferably indirectly, to the first absorber 3, more precisely to the inlet 32d of the first absorber 3, so as to supply the first absorber 3 with the so-called lean working solution. The first generator 4 includes an outlet 41 of the first vaporized refrigerant. The outlet 41 is fluidly connected to the inlet 50 of the first condenser 5, passing first through the first economizer 15.

[0057] Advantageously, the absorption heat transformer 1 comprises, between the first generator 4 and the first absorber 3, a second economizer 16, a first expansion valve 9, and a first solution pump 8. These components are arranged in a first fluid circuit, called the solution circuit. The solution circuit is a portion of the transformer's fluid circuit through which the working solution circulates. The solution circuit replaces the compressor of a compressor-based heat pump by acting as a thermochemical compressor. The second economizer 16 and the first expansion valve 9 ensure the circulation of the first working solution from the first absorber 3 to the first generator 4, and conversely, the second economizer 16 and the first solution pump 8 ensure the circulation of the first working solution between the first generator 4 and the first absorber 3.More specifically, the first working solution, called rich, and the first working solution, called lean, circulate respectively from the first absorber 3 to the first generator 4 via the second economizer 16 and the first expansion valve 9, and from the first. generator 4 to the first absorber 3 via the first solution pump 9 and the second economizer 16.

[0058] The first generator 4 includes a fluidic connection with the first condenser 5, on which the first economizer 15 is arranged. The first generator 4 is thus fluidically connected directly to the first economizer 15 and indirectly to the first condenser 5, allowing the vapor of the first refrigerant to exit the first generator 4. The first generator 4 also includes a heat source inlet and outlet 11 for supplying the heat necessary for the vaporization of the first refrigerant. According to the invention, the heat source 11, or hot source, comprises at least partially, preferably solely, waste heat at a temperature of at least 70 °C, preferably greater than or equal to 80 °C.

[0059] The absorption heat transformer 1 according to the invention comprises a first condenser 5 described in detail below.

[0060] The first condenser 5 is configured to condense the first refrigerant vapor from the first generator 4. The refrigerant vapor is cooled by a cooling source to condense and become liquid again. According to the invention, the condensation of the refrigerant vapor is carried out at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure.

[0061] The first condenser 5 is fluidically connected to the first generator 4 and to the first evaporator 2. The first condenser 5 includes a fluidic connection I, K, from the first generator 4 allowing the entry of a refrigerant vapor flow into the first condenser 5, preferably directly or through a rectifier and / or a first economizer 15. The refrigerant vapor flow arriving in the first condenser 5 is advantageously at a so-called low pressure.

[0062] The first condenser 5 includes an inlet 50 of the refrigerant vapor flow and an outlet 51 of the refrigerant flow having been condensed.

[0063] The first condenser 5 includes a fluid connection, L, M, N, with the first evaporator 2, allowing the refrigerant to exit in a liquid state, advantageously through a first pump 7 designed to bring the refrigerant to its evaporation pressure, preferably a pressure corresponding to a high pressure. The first condenser 5 also includes a cooling source, at least partially composed, according to the invention, of the cold produced by the absorption chiller 101. The cooling source is designed to cool the refrigerant vapor and thus allow its condensation within the first condenser 5.

[0064] According to an unrepresented possibility, the absorption heat transformer 1 includes a rectifier arranged between the first generator 4 and the first condenser 5. The rectifier allows the traces of water carried along with the refrigerant at the outlet of the first generator 4 to be removed by condensation, thus ensuring the proper functioning of the transformer 1. Preferably, the rectifier is in this case arranged on the fluid connection I providing the fluid connection between the first generator 4 and the first economizer 15.

[0065] Advantageously, the absorption heat transformer 1 includes a first economizer 15 acting as a preheater or superheater. The first economizer 15 is arranged between the first condenser 5 and the first evaporator 2. The first economizer 15 is a heat exchanger arranged on the fluid connection from the first condenser 5 to the first evaporator 2 and on the fluid connection from the first generator 4 to the first condenser 5. Thus, the heated refrigerant exiting the first generator 4 passes through the first economizer 15 to transfer some of its heat to the refrigerant exiting the first condenser 5, thereby preheating the refrigerant before it enters the first evaporator 2. The first economizer 15 recovers energy and therefore reduces the size of the first condenser 5 and the first evaporator 2, thus significantly improving the performance of the transformer.The suitability of this component depends on the operating temperatures, the size of the transformer, and the cost of the heat exchangers.

[0066] Advantageously, the absorption heat transformer 1 includes a first pump 7 arranged between the first condenser 5 and the first evaporator 2. The first pump 7 is configured to compress the refrigerant in the liquid state from the first condenser 5. The first pump 7 advantageously includes an inlet 70 of the refrigerant flow in the liquid state preferably at low pressure and an outlet 71 of the refrigerant flow in the liquid state preferably at high pressure.

[0067] The absorption heat transformer according to the invention comprises a first evaporator 2 described in detail below.

[0068] The first evaporator 2 is configured to vaporize the refrigerant. In this component, the pressure is high, and a medium-temperature heat input is required to allow the refrigerant to evaporate. The first evaporator 2 is configured to operate at a pressure selected within a range of high pressures. More specifically, the refrigerant flow circulating within the first evaporator 2 has a pressure within the range of high pressures.

[0069] The first evaporator 2 is fluidically connected to the first condenser 5 and the first absorber 3. The first evaporator 2 includes a fluidic connection M, N from the first condenser 5, more precisely according to the illustrated embodiment from the first economizer 15.

[0070] The first evaporator 2 comprises an inlet 20 and an outlet 21. The inlet 20 is fluidly connected to the outlet 51 of the first condenser 5, more precisely to the outlet 71 of the first pump 7 and, according to the illustrated embodiment, to the outlet of the first economizer 15. The outlet 21 is fluidly connected to an inlet 30 of the first absorber 3. The refrigerant in vapor form exits the first evaporator 2 and preferentially enters directly into the first absorber 3.

[0071] The first evaporator 2 includes a fluid connection A with the first absorber 3, allowing the refrigerant vapor to exit, preferably directly. The first evaporator 2 also includes an inlet and outlet for a heat source 10. The phase change of the refrigerant from liquid to vapor is accompanied by heat transfer from the hot source 10 to the refrigerant. The hot source 10 transfers heat and thus its temperature decreases. According to one embodiment of the invention, the hot source 10 is advantageously the same as the hot source 11 supplying the first generator 4.

[0072] The absorption heat transformer 1 according to the invention comprises a first absorber 3 described in detail below.

[0073] The first absorber 3 is configured to condense the refrigerant vapor from the first evaporator 2.

[0074] In this component, the pressure is high. The first absorber 3 is configured to operate within a pressure range corresponding to the high-pressure range. More specifically, the refrigerant and first working solution flows within the first absorber 3 have a pressure within the high-pressure range.

[0075] The first absorber comprises an inlet 30, an inlet 32 ​​and an outlet 31.

[0076] The inlet 30 is fluidly connected to the outlet 21 of the first evaporator 2. The refrigerant vapor from the first evaporator 2 enters the first absorber 3 through the inlet 30.

[0077] The inlet 32 ​​is fluidly connected to the outlet 42 of the first generator 4. The absorbent, or working solution composed of water and a small fraction of refrigerant, also called the lean solution, from the first generator 4 enters the first absorber 3 through the inlet 32 ​​and is distributed along the first absorber 3. The lean solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor which comes from the first evaporator 2 and becomes an enriched solution, close to its saturated condition.

[0078] The outlet 31 is fluidly connected to an inlet 40 of the first generator 4. The rich solution exits the first absorber 3 through the outlet 31 to be transmitted to the first generator 4. The absorption process occurs at high pressure, releasing a quantity of heat which is dissipated towards the hot source whose temperature is to be raised.

[0079] The first absorber 3 is fluidly connected to the first evaporator 2 and to the first generator 4.

[0080] The first absorber 3 includes a fluid connection A from the first evaporator 2 allowing the refrigerant in vapor form to enter the first absorber 3, preferably directly. The first absorber 3 includes a fluid connection C, D, E with the first generator 4, more precisely to a second economizer 16 and a first expansion valve 9 through which the first working solution, known as the rich solution, from the first absorber 3 is heated and expanded before being sent to the first generator 4. The working solution, known as the rich solution, exiting the first absorber 3 towards the first generator 4, exits the second economizer 16 and then preferably passes through a first expansion valve 9 before reaching the first generator 4. Advantageously, the second economizer 16 is a heat exchanger transferring heat from the solution, known as the lean solution, from the first generator 4 to the solution, known as the rich solution, from the first absorber 3.The second economizer 16 allows energy recovery, making it possible to reduce the size of the first absorber 3 and the first generator 4 and thus significantly improve the performance of the transformer 1.

[0081] Advantageously, the first generator 4 includes a fluidic connection H, G, F with the first absorber 3, more specifically with a first solution pump 8 and with the second economizer 16. The fluidic connection allows the first working solution, known as the lean solution, from the first generator 4 to enter the first absorber 3, preferably through the first pump 8 and then the second economizer 16. In the first absorber 3, the phase change of the refrigerant from vapor to liquid is accompanied by a release of heat, which is transferred to a heat source. It is this heat production at the first absorber 3 that is particularly desirable according to the invention. The heat source 14 heated by the first absorber 3 can, according to one possibility, be used directly, particularly in industry.The temperature of the heated source 14 at the outlet of the first absorber 3 is advantageously at least 80°C, preferably 100°C, or even 120°C.

[0082] An absorption refrigeration machine 101 (MFA) comprises four main heat exchangers, a second evaporator 102, a second absorber 103, a second generator 104 and a second condenser 105, and advantageously one to three secondary exchangers.

[0083] The role of the three secondary exchangers is to improve the performance of the machine: a rectifier (not shown) arranged between the second generator 104 and the second condenser 105, a second economizer (not shown) arranged between the second condenser 105 and the second evaporator 102 to play the role of preheating and a second economizer (not shown) arranged between the second absorber 103 and the second generator 104 on the second solution circuit described below.

[0084] According to one possibility, the MFA 101 also includes at least a second solution pump 108 and a second pressure regulator 109 also called a pressure relief valve.

[0085] According to the invention, the MFA 101 includes a second expansion valve 107 arranged between the second condenser 105 and the second evaporator 102.

[0086] The refrigerant (or coolant) of the second working solution produced in the second generator 104 circulates between the outlet 141 of the second generator 104 and the inlet 130 of the second absorber 103 passing successively preferentially through the second condenser 105, then the second evaporator 102, and the second absorber 103, more precisely in the fluid connections A', F', F, J'.

[0087] The refrigerant-absorbent solution rich in absorbent (high concentration of absorbent), but poor in refrigerant, commonly referred to as the poor solution, flows from the second generator 104 to the second absorber 103 in the second solution circuit, more precisely in the fluid connections D', E'. The solution poor in absorbent (low concentration of absorbent), but rich in refrigerant, commonly referred to as the rich solution, flows from the second absorber 103 to the second generator 104 in the second solution circuit, more precisely in the fluid connections B', C'.

[0088] This type of MFA 101 operates at three temperature levels: an intermediate temperature level corresponding to the temperature of the cooling source 113 circulating in the second condenser 105, preferably the temperature is said to be intermediate when it is less than or equal to 45°C; a low temperature level corresponding to the temperature of the source of the second evaporator 102 advantageously corresponding respectively to the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the second evaporator 102, preferably the temperature is said to be low when it is less than 25°C; and a high temperature level corresponding to the temperature of the hot source 111 circulating in the second generator 104 advantageously corresponding to the desorption temperature in the second generator 104, preferably the A temperature is said to be high when it is greater than or equal to 80°C and less than 100°C.

[0089] The second fluidic circuit provides the fluidic connection of the components of the MFA 101. More specifically, the second fluidic circuit includes the various components and fluidic connections arranged between the various components.

[0090] According to the invention, the second fluidic circuit ensures the fluidic connection from the second generator 104 to the second condenser 105, then from the second condenser 105 to the second evaporator 102, then from the second evaporator 102 to the second absorber 103, then from the second absorber 103 to the second generator 104, then from the second generator 104 to the second absorber 103.

[0091] The absorption refrigeration machine 101 according to the invention comprises a second generator 104 described in detail below.

[0092] The second generator 104 is configured to vaporize the second refrigerant. The refrigerant vaporization is carried out at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure. The second generator 104 is thus configured to operate at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure.

[0093] The second, so-called rich working solution from the second absorber 3 is heated by a heat source 111 of the second generator 104, advantageously corresponding to a medium-temperature source that can be utilized, which passes through the generator 104. Thanks to this heat, some of the refrigerant, for example ammonia, contained in the rich solution, as well as traces of water, are desorbed. The second, depleted working solution resulting from this process returns to the second absorber 103, preferably via the second solution circuit. The desorption process takes place at high pressure and requires a significant amount of heat. The refrigerant vapor produced by the second generator 104, also sometimes called desorber vapor, is routed to the second condenser 105, sometimes passing through a rectifier and / or an economizer.

[0094] The second generator 104 is fluidically connected to the second absorber 103 and the second condenser 105, optionally via an economizer. The second generator 104 advantageously includes an inlet 140 for the second working solution, preferably a second working solution called a "rich" solution, in a fluidic connection, preferably indirect, with the second absorber 103, more precisely with an outlet 131 of the second absorber 3, so as to supply the second generator 104 with the second working solution called a "rich" solution. The refrigerant of the second working solution called a "rich" solution is then vaporized in the second generator 104. The second working solution called a "lean" solution returns to the second absorber 103 via an outlet 142. The second generator 104 advantageously includes an outlet 142 of the second working solution of The second working solution, preferably a lean one, is connected via a third expansion valve 109 to the second absorber 103, specifically to the inlet 132 of the second absorber 103, so as to supply the second absorber 103 with the lean working solution. The second generator 104 includes an outlet 141 of the second vaporized refrigerant. The outlet 141 is fluidically connected to the inlet 150 of the second condenser 105, possibly via an economizer.

[0095] Advantageously, the absorption chiller 101 comprises, between the second generator 104 and the second absorber 103, another economizer, a third expansion valve 109, and a second solution pump 108. These components are arranged in a second fluid circuit, referred to as the solution circuit. The third expansion valve 109 circulates the second working solution from the second generator 104 to the second absorber 103, and conversely, the second solution pump 108 circulates the second working solution from the second absorber 103 to the second generator 104. More specifically, the second working solution, referred to as the rich solution, and the second working solution, referred to as the lean solution, circulate respectively from the second absorber 103 to the second generator 104 via the third expansion valve 109, and from the second generator 104 to the second absorber 103 via the third expansion valve 109.

[0096] The second generator 104 includes a fluid connection F' with the second condenser 105. The second generator 104 is fluidically connected directly to the second condenser 105, optionally via an economizer, allowing the vapor of the second refrigerant to exit the second generator 104. The second generator 104 also includes a heat source inlet and outlet 111 for supplying the heat necessary for the vaporization of the first refrigerant. According to the invention, the heat source 111, or hot source, comprises at least partially, preferably solely, waste heat at a temperature of at least 70 °C, preferably greater than or equal to 80 °C.

[0097] The absorption refrigeration machine 101 according to the invention comprises a second condenser 105 described in detail below.

[0098] The second condenser 105 is configured to condense the second refrigerant vapor from the second generator 104. The refrigerant vapor is cooled by a cooling source 113 to condense and become liquid again. According to the invention, the condensation of the refrigerant vapor is carried out at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure. The second condenser 105 is configured to operate at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure.

[0099] The second condenser 105 is fluidically connected to the second generator 104 and the second evaporator 102. The second condenser 105 includes a fluid connection F', originating from the second generator 104, allowing the entry of a refrigerant vapor stream into the second condenser 105, preferably directly or through a rectifier and / or an economizer. The refrigerant vapor stream entering the second condenser 105 is advantageously at a so-called high pressure.

[0100] The second condenser 105 includes an inlet 150 of the refrigerant vapor flow and an outlet 151 of the refrigerant flow having been condensed.

[0101] The second condenser 105 includes a fluid connection, I', J', with the second evaporator 102, allowing the refrigerant to exit in a liquid state, advantageously through a second expansion valve 107 designed to bring the refrigerant to its evaporation pressure, preferably a pressure corresponding to a low pressure. The second condenser 105 also includes a cooling source 113, which, according to the invention, consists at least partially of ambient air. The cooling source 113 has a temperature less than or equal to 45°C, preferably less than or equal to 35°C, preferably less than or equal to 25°C. The cooling source 113 is intended to cool the refrigerant vapor and thus allow its condensation in the sense of the second condenser 105.

[0102] According to an unrepresented possibility, the absorption refrigeration machine 101 includes a rectifier arranged between the second generator 104 and the second condenser 105. The rectifier removes, by condensation, traces of water carried along with the refrigerant at the outlet of the second generator 104 and thus ensures the proper functioning of the machine 101. Preferably, the rectifier is arranged in this case on the fluid connection F' providing the fluid connection between the second generator 4 and the second condenser 105.

[0103] Advantageously, the absorption refrigeration machine 1 includes a second expansion valve 107 arranged between the second condenser 105 and the second evaporator 102. The second expansion valve 107 is configured to expand the refrigerant in the liquid state from the second condenser 105. The second expansion valve 107 advantageously includes an inlet 170 for the flow of refrigerant in the liquid state at a high pressure and an outlet 171 for the flow of refrigerant in the liquid state at a pressure within the range of low pressures.

[0104] Advantageously, the absorption chiller 101 includes an economizer acting as a preheater or superheater. The economizer is arranged between the second condenser 105 and the second evaporator 102. The economizer is a heat exchanger arranged on the fluid connection of the second condenser. 105 to the second evaporator 102 and on the fluid connection of the second generator 104 to the second condenser 105. Thus, the heated refrigerant exiting the second generator 4 passes through the economizer to transfer some of its heat to the refrigerant exiting the second condenser 105, thereby preheating the refrigerant before it enters the second evaporator 102. The economizer recovers energy and therefore reduces the size of the second condenser 105 and the second evaporator 102, thus significantly improving the machine's performance. The suitability of this component depends on the operating temperatures, the size of the transformer, and the cost of the heat exchangers.

[0105] The absorption heat transformer according to the invention comprises a first evaporator 2 described in detail below.

[0106] The second evaporator 102 is configured to vaporize the refrigerant. In this component, the pressure is low, and a medium-temperature heat input is required to allow the refrigerant to evaporate. The second evaporator 102 is configured to operate at a pressure selected within a range of low pressures. More specifically, the refrigerant flow circulating within the second evaporator 102 has a pressure within the range of low pressures.

[0107] The second evaporator 102 comprises an inlet 120 and an outlet 121. The inlet 120 is fluidly connected to the outlet 151 of the first condenser 105, more precisely to the outlet 171 of the second expansion valve 107. The outlet 121 is fluidly connected to an inlet 130 of the second absorber 103. The refrigerant in vapor form exits the second evaporator 102 and preferentially enters directly into the second absorber 103.

[0108] The second evaporator 102 is fluidically connected to the second condenser 105 and the second absorber 103. The second evaporator 102 includes a fluidic connection I', J' from the second condenser 105, more precisely according to the illustrated embodiment from the second expansion valve 107.

[0109] The second evaporator 102 includes a fluid connection A' with the second absorber 103, allowing the refrigerant vapor to exit, preferably directly. The second evaporator 102 also includes an inlet and outlet for a heat source. The phase change of the refrigerant from liquid to vapor is accompanied by heat transfer from the hot source to the refrigerant. The hot source transfers heat and its temperature thus decreases.

[0110] According to the invention, the heat source is thermal energy produced by the first condenser 5. The absorption heat transformer 1 and the absorption refrigeration machine 101 are thermally connected at this level.

[0111] The second evaporator 102 of the refrigeration machine 101 uses the heat emitted by the condenser 5 to evaporate the second refrigerant. This cools the refrigerant circulating in the first condenser 5 of the absorption heat transformer 1 and ensures its condensation. In a sense, the first condenser uses the cold produced by the second evaporator 102 of the refrigeration machine 101 as its cooling source.

[0112] The absorption chiller 101 thus makes it possible to lower the temperature level of a source supplied to the absorption heat transformer 1, and in particular to its first condenser 5, from a cooling source 113 circulating at the second condenser 105 of the machine 101, which has a temperature greater than or equal to 25 °C and preferably less than or equal to 45 °C. The cooling source 113 is preferably ambient air. The system according to the invention thus makes it possible to operate an absorption heat transformer 1 in all seasons and therefore to supply heat uninterrupted throughout the year with a very slight loss of overall energy performance due to the absorption chiller 101.

[0113] According to a first embodiment, the thermal coupling of the transformer 1 and the machine 101 is achieved by an intermediate fluid circuit. This thermal coupling is defined as indirect coupling. The system includes an intermediate fluid circuit providing the thermal connection between the first condenser 5 and the second evaporator 102. The intermediate fluid circuit is configured to receive a heat transfer fluid. The intermediate fluid circuit is a closed circuit, fluidically independent from the first fluid circuit of the transformer 1 and the second fluid circuit of the machine 101. There is no fluid circulation between the first fluid circuit and / or the second fluid circuit and / or the intermediate fluid circuit.The intermediate fluid circuit mainly comprises two fluid connections ensuring respectively the circulation of the heat transfer fluid from the second evaporator 102 to the first condenser 5 and the circulation of the heat transfer fluid from the first condenser 5 to the second evaporator 102. The fluid circuit allows the hot heat transfer fluid to be brought to the second evaporator 102, which causes the refrigerant to evaporate in the second evaporator 102. Then the cooled heat transfer fluid exits the evaporator 102 and enters the first condenser 5 to condense the refrigerant, causing the heat transfer fluid to be heated before returning to the second evaporator 102. By way of non-limiting example, the second evaporator 102 and the first condenser 105 are. plate heat exchangers or conventionally used heat exchangers in machines and absorption transformers comprising a spray of the heat transfer fluid in a chamber within which is arranged a tube in which circulates either the first refrigerant or the second refrigerant.

[0114] According to a second embodiment, the thermal coupling of the transformer The heat transfer from the first condenser 5 and the second evaporator 101 is achieved within a plate heat exchanger. This thermal coupling is defined as a direct coupling. The first condenser 5 and the second evaporator 102 are combined in a single plate heat exchanger through which both the first and second refrigerants circulate, thus ensuring thermal coupling without fluid connection. The refrigerant entering the second evaporator 102 is in a liquid state, which is colder than the refrigerant entering the first condenser 5, which is in a vapor state. Therefore, the refrigerant in the first condenser 5 transfers its heat to the refrigerant in the second evaporator, allowing the refrigerant to condense in the first condenser 5 and evaporate in the second evaporator 102.

[0115] The absorption refrigeration machine 101 according to the invention comprises a second absorber 103 described in detail below.

[0116] The second absorber 103 is configured to condense the refrigerant vapor from the second evaporator 102.

[0117] In this component, the pressure is low. The second absorber 103 is configured to operate within a pressure range corresponding to the low-pressure range. More specifically, the refrigerant and second working solution flows within the second absorber 103 have a pressure within the low-pressure range.

[0118] The second absorber 103 includes an inlet 130, an inlet 132 and an outlet 131.

[0119] The inlet 130 is fluidly connected to the outlet 121 of the second evaporator 102. The refrigerant vapor from the second evaporator 102 enters the second absorber 103 through the inlet 130.

[0120] The inlet 132 is fluidly connected to the outlet 142 of the second generator 104. The absorbent, or working solution composed of water and a small fraction of refrigerant, also called the lean solution, from the second generator 104 enters the second absorber 103 through the inlet 132 and is distributed along the second absorber 103. The lean solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor that comes from the second evaporator 102 and becomes an enriched solution, close to its saturated condition.

[0121] The outlet 131 is fluidly connected to an inlet 140 of the second generator 4. The rich solution exits the second absorber 103 through the outlet 131 to be transmitted to the second generator 104. The absorption process occurs at low pressure, releasing a quantity of heat which is dissipated towards the hot source 114.

[0122] The second absorber 103 is fluidically connected to the second evaporator 102 and the second generator 104. The second absorber 103 includes a fluid connection A' from the second evaporator 2 allowing the refrigerant in vapor form to enter the second absorber 103, preferably directly. The second absorber 103 includes a fluid connection B', C' with the second generator 104, optionally with an economizer through which the first, so-called rich, working solution from the second absorber 103 is heated before being transferred to the second generator 104. Then, the rich working solution exiting the second absorber 103 towards the second generator 104 preferably passes through a second solution pump 108 before reaching the second generator 104.Advantageously, the economizer is a heat exchanger that transfers heat from the so-called lean solution from the second generator 104 to the so-called rich solution from the second absorber 103. The economizer allows for energy recovery, enabling a reduction in the size of the second absorber 103 and the second generator 104, and thus significantly improving the performance of the machine 101. Advantageously, the second generator 104 includes a fluidic connection D', E' with the second absorber 103, more precisely with a third expansion valve 109. The fluidic connection allows the second working solution, the so-called lean solution, from the second generator 104 to enter the second absorber 3, preferably through the third expansion valve 109 and then possibly through the economizer 16.In the second absorber 103, the phase change of the refrigerant from vapor to liquid is accompanied by a release of heat which is transferred to a heat source 114. The heat source 114 is advantageously identical to the heat source 113.

[0123] According to one embodiment, the system includes at least one control element (not shown).

[0124] According to a preference, the system includes a control unit configured to control at least one control element. Advantageously, the system includes various temperature and / or pressure and / or flow sensors distributed throughout the fluid circuits, whether on the components or on the fluid connections. Advantageously, the various sensors are connected to the control unit and preferably allow for optimized control of at least one control element. depending on the different pressure and / or temperature and / or flow rate and / or heat requirements at the heated source 14.

[0125] The control unit is shown in particular to control the start-up or stop-down of the absorption refrigeration machine according in particular to the heat requirements at the heated source 14 and the temperature of the cooling source 113.

[0126] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection A ensuring the fluidic connection from the first evaporator 2 to the first absorber 3, preferably directly, more precisely from the outlet 21 of the first evaporator 2 to the inlet 30 of the first absorber 3. The fluidic connection A ensures the circulation of at least a part of the refrigerant fluid flow in the gaseous state and at a first pressure corresponding to a high pressure from the first evaporator 2 to the first absorber 3.

[0127] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection C ensuring the fluidic connection from the first absorber 3 to the second economizer 16, preferably directly, more precisely from the outlet 31 of the first absorber 3 to the inlet of the second economizer 16. The fluidic connection C ensures the circulation of the flow of a working solution, said to be rich, and at a third pressure corresponding to a high pressure from the first absorber 3 towards the first generator 4.

[0128] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection D ensuring the fluidic connection of the second economizer 16, preferably directly, to a first expansion valve 9. The fluidic connection D ensures the circulation of the flow of the so-called rich working solution, cooled after its passage through the second economizer 16 and at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure from the second economizer 16 towards the first generator 4.

[0129] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection E ensuring the fluidic connection from the first expansion valve 9, preferably directly, to the first generator 4, more precisely to the inlet 40 of the first generator 4. The fluidic connection E ensures the circulation of the flow of the rich heated working solution at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure from the first expansion valve 9 to the first generator 4.

[0130] The first pressure reducer 9 ensures a reduction in the pressure of the flow of the rich working solution before its entry into the first generator 4.

[0131] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection F ensuring the fluidic connection of the first generator 4, more precisely the output 42 of the first generator 4, preferably directly, to a first solution pump 8. The fluidic connection F ensures the circulation of the flow of the solution of poor work and at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure from the first generator 4 towards the first absorber 3.

[0132] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection G ensuring the fluidic connection of the first solution pump 8, preferably directly, to the second economizer 16. The fluidic connection G ensures the circulation of the flow of the lean working solution and at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure from the first solution pump 8 towards the first absorber 3.

[0133] The first solution pump 8 ensures compression of the working solution and therefore an increase in the pressure of the flow of the lean working solution before its entry into the first absorber 3.

[0134] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection H ensuring the fluidic connection of the second economizer 16, preferably directly, to the first absorber 3. The fluidic connection H ensures the circulation of the flow of the lean and heated working solution after its passage through the second economizer 16 and at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure from the second economizer 16 to the first absorber 3.

[0135] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection I ensuring the fluidic connection of the first generator 4, more precisely from the outlet 41 of the first generator 4 to the first economizer 15. The fluidic connection I ensures the circulation of the flow of the refrigerant fluid in the gaseous state and at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure, from the first generator 4 towards the first condenser 5 via the first economizer 15.

[0136] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection J ensuring the fluidic connection of the first economizer 15, preferably directly to the first condenser 5, more precisely the inlet 50 of the first condenser 5. The fluidic connection J ensures the circulation of the flow of the refrigerant fluid in the gaseous state cooled after its passage through the first economizer 15 and at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure, from the first economizer 15 to the first condenser 5.

[0137] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection L ensuring the fluidic connection of the first condenser 5, more precisely the outlet 51 of the first condenser 5, preferably directly to a first pump 7, in the direction of the first evaporator 2. The fluidic connection L ensures the circulation of the flow of the refrigerant fluid in the liquid state and at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure, from the first condenser 5 to the first pump 7.

[0138] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection M ensuring the fluidic connection from the first pump 7 to the first evaporator 2 and preferably by passing through the first economizer 15. The fluidic connection M ensures the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in liquid state and at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure, from the first pump 7 to the first economizer 15.

[0139] The first pump 7 ensures compression of the refrigerant in liquid state and therefore an increase in the pressure of the flow of the refrigerant in liquid state before its entry into the first evaporator 2.

[0140] The fluidic circuit of the transformer 1 includes a fluidic connection N ensuring the fluidic connection from the first economizer 15 to the first evaporator 2, preferably directly and more precisely at the inlet 20 of the first evaporator 2. The fluidic connection N ensures the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the liquid state heated after its passage through the first economizer 15 and at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure from the first economizer 15 to the first evaporator 2.

[0141] The high pressures may or may not be identical, but all correspond to high pressures.

[0142] The low pressures may or may not be identical, but all correspond to low pressures.

[0143] The fluidic circuit of the machine 101 includes a fluidic connection A' ensuring the fluidic connection from the second evaporator 102 to the second absorber 103, preferably directly, more precisely from the outlet 121 of the second evaporator 102 to the inlet 130 of the second absorber 103. The fluidic connection A ensures the circulation of at least a part of the refrigerant fluid flow in the gaseous state and at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure from the second evaporator 102 to the second absorber 103.

[0144] The fluidic circuit of the machine 101 includes a fluidic connection B' ensuring the fluidic connection of the second absorber 103, preferably directly, more precisely from the outlet 131 of the second absorber 103 to the second solution pump 108. The fluidic connection B' ensures the circulation of the flow of the so-called rich working solution, and at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure from the second absorber 103 to the second solution pump 108 in the direction of the second generator 104.

[0145] The fluidic circuit of the machine 101 includes a fluidic connection C' ensuring the fluidic connection of the second solution pump 108, preferably directly, to the second generator 104, more precisely to the inlet 140 of the second generator 4. The fluidic connection C' ensures the circulation of the flow of the rich working solution at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure from the second solution pump 108 to the second generator 104.

[0146] The second solution pump 108 ensures compression of the working solution and therefore an increase in the pressure of the flow of the rich working solution before its entry into the second generator 104.

[0147] The fluidic circuit of the machine 101 includes a fluidic connection D' ensuring the fluidic connection of the second generator 104, more precisely the outlet 142 of the second generator 104, preferably directly, to a third expansion valve 109. The fluidic connection F ensures the circulation of the flow of the lean working solution at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure from the second generator 104 to a third expansion valve 109 in the direction of the second absorber 103.

[0148] The fluidic circuit of the machine 101 includes a fluidic connection E' ensuring the fluidic connection from the third expansion valve 109, preferably directly, to the second absorber 103. The fluidic connection E' ensures the circulation of the flow of the lean working solution at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure from the third expansion valve 109 towards the second absorber 103.

[0149] The third pressure reducer 109 ensures a reduction in the pressure of the flow of the lean working solution before its entry into the second absorber 103.

[0150] The fluidic circuit of the machine 101 includes a fluidic connection F' ensuring the fluidic connection of the second generator 104, more precisely from the outlet 141 of the second generator 104 to the second condenser 105, more precisely the inlet 150 of the second condenser 105. The fluidic connection F' ensures the circulation of the flow of the refrigerant fluid in the gaseous state and at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure, from the second generator 104 to the second condenser 105.

[0151] The fluidic circuit of the machine 101 includes a fluidic connection F ensuring the fluidic connection of the first condenser 5, more precisely the outlet 151 of the second condenser 105, preferably directly to a second expansion valve 107, in the direction of the second evaporator 102. The fluidic connection I' ensures the circulation of the flow of the refrigerant fluid in the liquid state and at a pressure corresponding to a high pressure, from the second condenser 105 to the second expansion valve 107.

[0152] The fluidic circuit of the machine 101 includes a fluidic connection J' ensuring the fluidic connection from the second expansion valve 107 to the second evaporator 102. The fluidic connection J' ensures the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in liquid state and at a pressure corresponding to a low pressure, from the second expansion valve 107 to the second evaporator 102.

[0153] The second expansion valve 107 ensures an expansion of the refrigerant fluid in the liquid state and therefore a decrease in the pressure of the flow of the refrigerant fluid in the liquid state before its entry into the second evaporator 102.

[0154] The high pressures may or may not be identical, but all correspond to high pressures.

[0155] The low pressures may or may not be identical, but all correspond to low pressures.

[0156] Advantageously, a low pressure is less than or equal to 1000 kPa, see 900 kPa, a high pressure is greater than or equal to 2000 kPa, see 2500 kPa.

[0157] Example: Evaluation of the performance of a system according to the invention under summer conditions.

[0158] For an average temperature of waste heat to be recovered of 80°C, i.e. a heat source 10, 11, 111 having a temperature of the order of 80 °C, a hot temperature at the inlet of the absorber of 100°C, i.e. a source to be heated having a temperature of the order of 100 °C and an outside temperature of 35°C, i.e. a cooling source 113 and 114 having a temperature of the order of 35 °C.

[0159] Simple TCA (prior art without absorption refrigeration unit): • COP_th=0.20 • COP_elec=2.6 • AT_abs=0.4°C

[0160] System according to [Fig. 1] • COP_th=0.27 • COP_elec=15.4 • AT_abs=ll,2 °C

[0161] The results of this model show that coupling the transformer with an absorption chiller improves the machine's COP_elec by a factor of 7 (in the TCA configuration, only electrical energy is a cost) and the COP_th from 0.2 to 0.27. The most important point to note is the temperature difference of the source to be heated between the inlet and outlet of the heated source 14 of the absorber 3, AT_abs, which increases from 0.4 to 11°C. This is the most important factor justifying the use of an ejector in the TCA because this temperature difference dictates whether or not the heat source can be utilized by a new industrial process. A difference of 0.4°C is insufficient to power an industrial process, whereas a difference of 11°C can power numerous industrial processes or district heating networks.

[0162] List of references 1. Heat transformer 2. First Evaporator 3. First Absorber 4. First Generator 5. First Condenser 7. First Pump 8. First Solution Pump 9. First Regulator 10. Hot source of the first evaporator 11. Hot spring of the first generator 14. Heated spring 15. First saver 16. Second economizer 20. Entry into the first evaporator 21. Outlet of the first evaporator 30. Entry into the first absorber 31. Exit of the first absorber 32. Second entry into the first absorber 40. Entry into the first generator 41. Output of the first generator 42. Second Output of the First Generator 50. Entry into the first condenser 51. Outlet of the first condenser 70. Entry into the first pump 71. First pump exit 80. Entry into the first solution pump 81. Outlet of the first solution pump 90. Entry into the first regulator 91. First regulator outlet 101. Heat Absorption Refrigeration Machine 102. Second Evaporator 103. Second Absorber 104. Second Generator 105. Second Condenser 107. Second Regulator 108. Second Solution Pump 109. Third Regulator 111. Hot spring second generator 113. Cooling source for the second condenser 114. Hot source of the second absorber 120. Entry into the second evaporator 121. Outlet of the second evaporator 130. Entry into the second absorber 131. Second absorber outlet 132. Second Entry into the Second Absorber 140. Entry into the second generator 141. Output of the second generator 142. Second Output of the second generator 150. Entry into the second condenser 151. Outlet of the second condenser 170. Entry into the second regulator 171. Second regulator outlet 180. Entry into the second solution pump 181. Outlet of the second solution pump 190. Entry into the third regulator 191. Third regulator outlet

Claims

1.

2. Demands Heat production system comprising an absorption heat transformer (1), intended for heat production, comprising a first fluid circuit receiving a first working solution formed of a first refrigerant / first absorber pair and comprising successively in fluid connection: a first evaporator (2) operating at high pressure, a first absorber (3) operating at high pressure and intended for the production of high-temperature heat, a first generator (4) operating at low pressure and a first condenser (5) operating at low pressure, the fluid circuit comprising a first pump arranged between the first condenser and the first evaporator, a first solution pump arranged between the first generator and the first absorber, and a first expansion valve arranged in parallel with the first solution pump between the first absorber and the second generator, Characterized in that the system (1) comprises an absorption chiller (101) including a second fluidic circuit receiving a second working solution formed of a second refrigerant / second absorber pair and comprising successively in fluidic connection: a second evaporator (102) operating at low pressure and intended for the production of cold, a second absorber (103) operating at low pressure, a second generator (104) operating at high pressure and a second condenser (105) operating at high pressure, and the first condenser (105) and the second evaporator (102) being thermally coupled to each other in a plate heat exchanger configured to receive the second refrigerant and the first refrigerant. System according to the preceding claim in which the second condenser (105) includes a cooling source (113) intended to provide cooling (113) within the second condenser (105), the cooling source (113) being at a maximum temperature less than or equal to 45 °C.

3. System according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the first fluidic circuit and the second fluidic circuit are respectively fluidically independent closed circuits.

4. A method for producing heat by an absorption heat system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the second evaporator (102) forms the cooling source for the first condenser (5).

5. A method according to the preceding claim in which the second refrigerant and the first refrigerant circulate in a plate heat exchanger acting as the second evaporator (102) and the first condenser (5).

6. A method according to any one of the two preceding claims wherein the second condenser (105) receives a cooling source (113) intended to provide cooling within the second condenser (105), the cooling source (113) being at a maximum temperature less than or equal to 45 °C.

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