Air source heat pump unattended control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an air source heat pump unattended control method and system, and relates to the field of equipment control, and the method comprises the steps: predicting a load demand according to an environment parameter and a building load parameter, and calculating a target water supply temperature based on the load demand; sorting the heat pump units according to the equipment operation duration parameters, distributing a temperature deviation value for each heat pump unit, and calculating the target water supply temperature and the temperature deviation value corresponding to the heat pump unit to obtain the personalized set temperature of each heat pump unit; a starting instruction sequence is generated according to a preset starting condition and the personalized set temperature, and after the water return pressure parameter reaches a preset parameter threshold value after the circulating water pump is started, all the heat pump units are sequentially started according to the personalized set temperature sequence; and a make-up pump and a pressure release valve are controlled according to the return water pressure parameter and the liquid level parameter, and the temperature deviation value of each heat pump unit is adjusted according to the change of the environment parameter and the building load parameter. By implementing the method, the balance of equipment loads in the multi-unit system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of equipment control, and in particular to an unattended control method and system for an air source heat pump. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly stringent requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction in buildings, air source heat pumps are widely used in building cooling and heating systems due to their clean and efficient characteristics. The safe and stable operation of air source heat pump systems directly affects the comfort of building users and the system's operating costs.

[0003] Currently, air source heat pump systems mainly use fixed water supply temperature setpoints for operation control. In multi-unit systems, each heat pump unit uses the same temperature setpoint, and the start-stop sequence is switched through a simple rotation method.

[0004] In this operating control mode, since the temperature setpoints of each unit are the same, some equipment is often overused and kept in the priority start state for a long time, while other equipment is used less frequently, resulting in uneven wear and tear on the equipment and affecting the overall service life of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an unattended control method and system for air source heat pumps, which is used to improve the load balance of equipment in multi-unit systems.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides an unattended control method for an air source heat pump, applied to an unattended control system. The method includes: collecting real-time operating parameters of the air source heat pump system, including environmental parameters, building load parameters, return water pressure parameters, liquid level parameters, and equipment runtime parameters. The air source heat pump system comprises multiple heat pump units. The method also includes: predicting load demand based on environmental and building load parameters, and calculating a target water supply temperature based on the load demand; sorting each heat pump unit according to the equipment runtime parameters, assigning a temperature deviation value to each heat pump unit, and calculating a personalized set temperature for each heat pump unit by comparing the target water supply temperature with the corresponding temperature deviation value; generating a start-up command sequence based on preset start-up conditions and the personalized set temperature; executing the start-up command sequence, starting the circulating water pump, and then, after the return water pressure parameter reaches a preset parameter threshold, starting each heat pump unit sequentially according to the personalized set temperature; controlling the water supply pump and pressure relief valve based on the return water pressure and liquid level parameters, and adjusting the temperature deviation value of each heat pump unit according to changes in environmental and building load parameters.

[0007] In the above embodiments, the system achieves differentiated control of multiple heat pump units by collecting operating parameters in real time and performing load prediction and temperature setting based on these parameters. Temperature deviation values ​​are dynamically allocated according to equipment operating time, balancing the operating load of each unit and extending the overall system lifespan. Simultaneously, intelligent control of water replenishment and pressure relief is achieved based on return water pressure and liquid level parameters, ensuring stable system operation.

[0008] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of predicting load demand based on environmental parameters and building load parameters, and calculating the target water supply temperature based on the load demand, specifically includes: obtaining outdoor temperature and outdoor humidity from the environmental parameters; calculating the building heat load or cooling load at the current moment through a load prediction model based on the outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, and building load parameters to obtain the load demand; determining the water supply temperature reference value and the return water temperature reference value based on the load demand, and using the water supply temperature reference value as the target water supply temperature.

[0009] In the above embodiments, the system establishes a load prediction model based on outdoor temperature and humidity and building load parameters to accurately calculate the real-time cooling and heating load demand of the building. By determining the reference values ​​for supply and return water temperatures, precise control of the target supply water temperature is achieved, improving system operating efficiency.

[0010] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of sorting each heat pump unit according to the equipment runtime parameter, assigning a temperature deviation value to each heat pump unit, and calculating the personalized set temperature of each heat pump unit by comparing the target water supply temperature with the corresponding temperature deviation value of the heat pump unit, specifically includes: obtaining the cumulative runtime of each heat pump unit; sorting each heat pump unit according to the cumulative runtime from smallest to largest to obtain an equipment rotation sequence; calculating the temperature deviation value corresponding to each heat pump unit according to the ranking position of each heat pump unit in the equipment rotation sequence, wherein the temperature deviation value is positively correlated with the ranking position; calculating the personalized set temperature of each heat pump unit according to the target water supply temperature with the corresponding temperature deviation value of each heat pump unit, and sending the personalized set temperature to the corresponding heat pump unit.

[0011] In the above embodiment, the system sorts the heat pump units according to their cumulative runtime and assigns temperature deviation values, establishing a rotation sequence for the equipment. The temperature deviation value is positively correlated with the sorting position, ensuring that equipment with shorter running time is started first, thus achieving a balanced utilization rate of the equipment.

[0012] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of executing the start-up command sequence, starting the circulating water pump, and then starting each heat pump unit sequentially according to the personalized temperature setting after the return water pressure parameter reaches the preset parameter threshold, specifically includes: sending a circulating water pump start-up command according to the start-up command sequence to start the circulating water pump; monitoring the return water pressure parameter in real time, and when the return water pressure parameter reaches the preset parameter threshold, sending start-up commands to each heat pump unit in the order of personalized temperature setting from low to high; after sending the start-up command to the current heat pump unit, waiting for a preset start-up interval before sending the start-up command to the next heat pump unit, until all heat pump units are started.

[0013] In the above embodiment, the system adopts a step-by-step startup strategy, first ensuring the normal operation of the circulating water pump and the return water pressure reaching the standard, and then starting each unit in the order of the personalized temperature settings. By setting the startup interval, the system is protected from the impact of simultaneous equipment startup.

[0014] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after controlling the water supply pump and pressure relief valve according to the return water pressure parameters and liquid level parameters, and adjusting the temperature deviation values ​​of each heat pump unit according to changes in environmental parameters and building load parameters, the method further includes: calculating the equipment aging coefficient based on the cumulative running time of each heat pump unit; comparing the equipment aging coefficient with a preset aging threshold to classify each heat pump unit into a first type of heat pump unit and a second type of heat pump unit, wherein the equipment aging coefficient of the first type of heat pump unit is greater than the preset aging threshold, and the equipment aging coefficient of the second type of heat pump unit is not greater than the preset aging threshold; and starting the standby heat pump unit according to the personalized temperature setting sequence. When starting a heat pump unit, the category information of the heat pump unit to be started is obtained; when the heat pump unit to be started belongs to the first category of heat pump units, the initial value of the temperature deviation of the heat pump unit to be started is set to a first preset initial value; when the heat pump unit to be started belongs to the second category of heat pump units, the initial value of the temperature deviation of the heat pump unit to be started is set to a second preset initial value, and the first preset initial value is greater than the second preset initial value; after the heat pump unit to be started is running, the temperature deviation value of the first category of heat pump units is adjusted at a first preset adjustment rate, and the temperature deviation value of the second category of heat pump units is adjusted at a second preset adjustment rate, and the first preset adjustment rate is less than the second preset adjustment rate.

[0015] In the above embodiments, the system introduces an equipment aging factor to classify and manage the units, using different initial temperature deviation values ​​and adjustment rates. For equipment with a high degree of aging, a larger initial value and a smaller adjustment rate are applied to reduce its load intensity and extend its service life.

[0016] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after controlling the water supply pump and pressure relief valve according to the return water pressure parameters and liquid level parameters, and adjusting the temperature deviation values ​​of each heat pump unit according to changes in environmental parameters and building load parameters, the method further includes: when starting the heat pump unit to be started according to the personalized set temperature sequence, collecting the return water temperature of the heat pump unit to be started before startup; calculating the temperature rise range based on the return water temperature and the target supply water temperature, and determining the temperature deviation value adjustment parameter for the startup phase based on the temperature rise range; when the heat pump unit about to be shut down is shut down, collecting the current supply water temperature of the heat pump unit about to be shut down; calculating the temperature drop range based on the current supply water temperature and the target supply water temperature, and determining the temperature deviation value adjustment parameter for the shutdown phase based on the temperature drop range; adjusting the temperature deviation value of the corresponding heat pump unit according to the temperature deviation value adjustment parameter for the startup phase and the temperature deviation value adjustment parameter for the shutdown phase, wherein the temperature deviation value adjustment parameter for the startup phase and the temperature deviation value adjustment parameter for the shutdown phase adopt different adjustment strategies.

[0017] In the above embodiments, the system dynamically collects temperature data during equipment start-up and shutdown, calculates the temperature change amplitude, and determines adjustment parameters. By differentiating between the start-up and shutdown phases and employing different adjustment strategies, the accuracy and stability of the system's temperature control are improved.

[0018] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after controlling the water supply pump and pressure relief valve according to the return water pressure parameters and liquid level parameters, and adjusting the temperature deviation values ​​of each heat pump unit according to changes in environmental parameters and building load parameters, the method further includes: obtaining the installation location parameters of each heat pump unit; calculating the corresponding pipeline distance parameters of each heat pump unit based on the installation location parameters; comparing the pipeline distance parameters with a preset distance threshold to classify each heat pump unit into near-end heat pump units and far-end heat pump units; calculating the pipeline heat loss parameters based on the pipeline distance parameters corresponding to the far-end heat pump units, and configuring a position correction coefficient for the far-end heat pump units based on the pipeline heat loss parameters; adjusting the temperature deviation value of the far-end heat pump units based on the position correction coefficient, wherein the personalized set temperature of the far-end heat pump units is higher than the personalized set temperature of the near-end heat pump units; and preferentially adjusting the operating status of the near-end heat pump units or the far-end heat pump units according to the rate of change of building load parameters.

[0019] In the above embodiments, the system considers the installation location of the heat pump unit and sets a location correction coefficient based on pipeline distance and heat loss. Through differentiated temperature settings and operating status adjustment strategies, the impact of pipeline heat loss is compensated for, thereby improving the overall system efficiency.

[0020] In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide an unattended control system, which includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory is used to store computer program code, which includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the unattended control system to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0021] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product containing instructions that, when the computer program product is run on an unattended control system, cause the unattended control system to execute the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0022] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on an unattended control system, cause the unattended control system to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0023] Understandably, the unattended control system provided in the second aspect, the computer program product provided in the third aspect, and the computer storage medium provided in the fourth aspect are all used to execute the methods provided in the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0024] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0025] 1. This application establishes a differentiated control mechanism for multiple units by using load forecasting and temperature control based on real-time operating parameters. Through dynamic monitoring of equipment operating time and intelligent allocation of temperature deviation values, it effectively solves the problem of uneven equipment load distribution in existing technologies, thereby achieving balanced system operating load and extending equipment service life.

[0026] 2. This application establishes an intelligent prediction model based on environmental parameters and building load to achieve accurate calculation of the target water supply temperature. Through a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the supply and return water temperature benchmarks, it effectively solves the energy waste problem caused by fixed temperature settings in existing technologies, thereby improving system operating efficiency.

[0027] 3. This application achieves personalized temperature settings by constructing a device rotation sequence and temperature deviation value allocation mechanism. Through the correlation control of runtime and sorting position, it effectively solves the problem of overuse of some devices in the prior art, thereby achieving balanced device utilization and improved system stability. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an unattended control method for an air source heat pump in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 2 This is another flowchart illustrating the unattended control method for air source heat pumps in this application embodiment;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a system architecture diagram of an unattended control system in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of an unattended control system in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The terminology used in the following embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application refers to any or all possible combinations including one or more of the listed items.

[0033] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0034] The following describes the process of the method provided in this implementation. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an unattended control method for an air source heat pump in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] S101. Collect real-time operating parameters of the air source heat pump system. These real-time operating parameters include environmental parameters, building load parameters, return water pressure parameters, liquid level parameters, and equipment operating time parameters. The air source heat pump system contains multiple heat pump units.

[0036] Among them, real-time operating parameters represent various data indicators that need to be collected and monitored in real time during system operation. Environmental parameters refer to external environmental conditions that affect system operation, including outdoor temperature and humidity. Building load parameters represent the actual energy demand of the building, including building area, population density, and equipment load. Return water pressure parameters refer to the water pressure value in the system's return water pipeline. Liquid level parameters represent the water level height in water storage devices such as water tanks and sump pits. Equipment runtime parameters represent the cumulative operating time of each heat pump unit.

[0037] Specifically, this step involves deploying various sensors and data acquisition devices at key locations within the air source heat pump system to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the system's operational status. The system employs a distributed data acquisition architecture, transmitting data collected by each sensor to the controller for unified processing via a fieldbus. The acquisition frequency is differentiated based on different parameter types; environmental and building load parameters are acquired at lower frequencies, while critical operating parameters such as pressure and liquid level are acquired at higher frequencies to ensure data timeliness and accuracy.

[0038] In some embodiments, real-time operating parameters can be acquired in the following ways: Optionally, dedicated sensing devices such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow meters, and level gauges can be installed at key points in the system, and data can be transmitted to the nearest data acquisition unit using standard interfaces such as 4-20mA or 485 communication; Optionally, operating data can be directly read using the communication interfaces of existing intelligent devices in the system (such as frequency converters and electricity meters), and the data can be uploaded to the control system via industrial Ethernet; Optionally, for some parameters that are difficult to measure directly, they can be indirectly calculated by establishing mathematical models. It is understood that other data acquisition methods can also be used to monitor system operating parameters, and this is not limited here.

[0039] S102. Predict the load demand based on environmental parameters and building load parameters, and calculate the target water supply temperature based on the load demand.

[0040] Among these, load demand represents the cooling or heating capacity required by the building under current environmental conditions. Target supply water temperature refers to the ideal supply water temperature value that the system needs to provide to meet load demand. Environmental parameters mainly include outdoor dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity, which directly affect the operating efficiency and heating (cooling) capacity of the heat pump. Building load parameters encompass both building physical characteristics and usage characteristics.

[0041] Specifically, this step first calculates the building's actual energy demand at the current moment using a load prediction model based on collected environmental and building load parameters. The prediction model comprehensively considers multiple influencing factors such as outdoor weather conditions, building envelope, internal heat gain, and population density. Then, based on the predicted load demand and the performance curves of the heat pumps, the optimal water supply temperature to meet the load demand is calculated. Simultaneously, to ensure stable system operation and equipment lifespan, a rotating temperature mechanism is adopted to periodically adjust the set temperatures of multiple heat pumps, achieving balanced equipment operating time.

[0042] In some embodiments, load forecasting and temperature setting can be achieved in the following ways: Optionally, outdoor meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity) and building load characteristic data are acquired, a neural network-based load forecasting model is established, and the model is trained using historical operating data to achieve accurate load forecasting; Optionally, the system supply and return water temperature reference values ​​are determined based on the load forecasting results, and the temperature setting of each unit is dynamically adjusted using a fuzzy control algorithm; Optionally, a multi-objective optimization model is established to minimize system energy consumption while meeting load demands. It is understood that other intelligent algorithms can also be used to achieve load forecasting and temperature optimization, and this is not limited here.

[0043] In some embodiments, this step specifically includes:

[0044] S1021. Obtain the outdoor temperature and outdoor humidity from the environmental parameters. Based on the outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity and building load parameters, calculate the building heat load or cooling load at the current moment through the load prediction model to obtain the load demand.

[0045] This step begins by collecting environmental parameters in real time, including outdoor temperature and humidity data, from outdoor temperature and humidity transmitters installed in the system. These sensors convert the collected analog signals into digital signals, which are then transmitted to the PLC controller in the integrated workstation via a 485 communication bus. Simultaneously, the system acquires building load-related parameters, including static parameters such as building area, building envelope thermal parameters (e.g., wall heat transfer coefficient, door and window heat transfer coefficient), building orientation, occupancy density, equipment heat generation, and lighting load, as well as dynamic parameters such as the current time period and whether it is a weekday.

[0046] Based on the acquired parameters, the system uses a pre-built load prediction model to calculate the building's heat load or cooling load at the current moment. The input parameters of this load prediction model include outdoor temperature T_out, outdoor humidity RH_out, building area A, comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope K, current time period (time), personnel density ρ_person, equipment heating power P_equipment, and historical load data Q_history. The model training process includes the following stages: First, in the data acquisition stage, historical operational data of the project is collected, including actual energy consumption data, supply and return water temperature data, and heat pump operating power data under different outdoor temperature and humidity conditions, establishing a training dataset covering operational data for at least one complete heating or cooling season; then, feature engineering is performed, extracting and transforming features from the original input parameters, such as calculating the temperature difference ΔT (the difference between the indoor target temperature and the outdoor temperature), calculating the theoretical value of the building heat load Q_theory (equal to K×A×ΔT), and introducing time features such as weekday / non-weekday, daytime / nighttime, etc.; then, based on the project characteristics... Choose an appropriate prediction algorithm. For standard building projects, a multiple linear regression model modified with empirical formulas can be used. For complex buildings, neural networks or ensemble learning models such as random forests and gradient boosting trees are recommended. Then, use 70% of the historical data as the training set and 30% as the validation set. Adjust the model parameters using optimization algorithms such as least squares or gradient descent to minimize the root mean square error (RMSE) between the predicted and actual loads. Finally, use the validation set to evaluate the model performance and calculate the prediction accuracy. If the accuracy is lower than a set threshold (e.g., 85%), adjust the model structure or add training samples for retraining until the accuracy requirements are met. The model outputs the predicted load demand Q_pred at the current moment and its confidence interval [Q_min, Q_max]. This predicted load demand reflects the cooling or heating capacity that the system needs to provide under the current outdoor ambient temperature, providing a quantitative basis for subsequently determining the supply and return water temperatures.

[0047] S1022. Determine the reference values ​​for supply water temperature and return water temperature based on load demand, and use the reference value for supply water temperature as the target supply water temperature.

[0048] This step, based on the load demand Q_pred calculated in S1021, determines the required supply water temperature baseline T_supply_base and return water temperature baseline T_return_base using a supply and return water temperature calculation model. The relationship between supply and return water temperatures and load demand is based on the fundamental thermodynamic equation Q = c × m × (T_supply - T_return), where Q is the system load, c is the specific heat capacity of water (taken as 4.2 kJ / (kg·℃)), m is the system circulating water flow rate, T_supply is the supply water temperature, and T_return is the return water temperature. The input parameters of the temperature calculation model include the predicted load demand Q_pred, the system design circulating water flow rate m_design, the outdoor temperature T_out, the system operating mode (heating / cooling), and the type of terminal equipment (radiator / fan coil / underfloor heating, etc.).

[0049] The calculation process for the temperature baseline value is as follows: First, determine the reasonable supply and return water temperature difference ΔT_design based on the type of terminal equipment and load rate. The temperature difference for radiator systems is 10-15℃, for fan coil systems it is 5-7℃, and for floor radiant heating it is 5-10℃. Then, calculate the required supply water temperature. In heating mode, determine the baseline supply water temperature based on the outdoor temperature T_out and the heating curve. The heating curve uses the formula T_supply_base = T_supply_design - k × (T_out - T_out_design), where k is the slope of the heating curve, T_supply_design is the design supply water temperature, and T_out_design is the design outdoor temperature. For example, when the design outdoor temperature is -12℃, the design supply water temperature is 45℃, and the curve slope k is 1.5, if the current outdoor temperature is 0℃, then the baseline supply water temperature is 45 - 1.5 × (0 - (-12)) = 27℃; In cooling mode, the base supply water temperature is determined based on the outdoor temperature and cooling demand. The cooling curve uses the formula T_supply_base = T_supply_design + k × (T_out - T_out_design). For example, when the design outdoor temperature is 35℃, the design supply water temperature is 7℃, and the curve slope k is 0.2, if the current outdoor temperature is 30℃, then the base supply water temperature is 7 + 0.2 × (30-35) = 6℃. Then, temperature correction is performed based on the ratio of the actual load demand Q_pred to the design load Q_design (load factor λ = Q_pred / Q_design). The temperature correction amount ΔT_correction is calculated using the correction function f(λ). The final base supply water temperature is T_supply_base plus the temperature correction amount ΔT_correction. Finally, the base return water temperature T_return_base is calculated, which is equal to the base supply water temperature T_supply_base minus the supply and return water temperature difference ΔT_design.

[0050] The model outputs a base value for the supply water temperature, T_supply_base, a base value for the return water temperature, T_return_base, and a suggested supply and return water temperature difference, ΔT_design. The determined base value for the supply water temperature, T_supply_base, serves as the target supply water temperature, providing a unified basic reference value for setting personalized operating temperatures for each air source heat pump unit. The system stores this target supply water temperature in the PLC controller and displays it in real-time on the touchscreen and cloud platform interface. Maintenance personnel can optimize and adjust the temperature curve parameters based on actual operating results.

[0051] S103. Sort each heat pump unit according to the equipment running time parameters, assign a temperature deviation value to each heat pump unit, and calculate the personalized set temperature of each heat pump unit by comparing the target water supply temperature with the corresponding temperature deviation value of the heat pump unit.

[0052] Among these parameters, the equipment runtime parameter represents the cumulative operating time of each heat pump unit since it was put into use. The temperature deviation value refers to the correction amount based on the target supply water temperature, used to achieve a balanced distribution of equipment load. The personalized set temperature represents the actual operating temperature set value of each heat pump unit after taking temperature deviation into account.

[0053] Specifically, this step first acquires the historical operating time data of each heat pump unit, sorts them in ascending order of operating time, and establishes a unit rotation sequence. Then, based on the sorting position, a different temperature deviation value is assigned to each unit, with units with shorter operating times receiving smaller temperature deviations to more easily meet startup conditions. Finally, the target supply water temperature is calculated against each unit's temperature deviation value to obtain a personalized set temperature for each unit, achieving dynamic load balancing for the equipment.

[0054] In some embodiments, the allocation of temperature deviation values ​​can be achieved in the following ways: Optionally, a linear function is used to establish the correspondence between sorting position and temperature deviation, ensuring that the deviation value changes uniformly with the sorting position; Optionally, equipment status evaluation indicators are introduced to dynamically adjust the temperature deviation value according to the equipment operating status; Optionally, a weighted model based on runtime is established, making the temperature deviation value and cumulative running time have a non-linear relationship. It is understood that other methods can also be used to achieve intelligent allocation of temperature deviation values, which are not limited here.

[0055] In some embodiments, this step specifically includes:

[0056] S1031. Obtain the cumulative runtime of each heat pump unit, sort the heat pump units according to the cumulative runtime from smallest to largest, and obtain the equipment rotation sequence.

[0057] This step obtains the cumulative runtime data for each heat pump unit, which reflects the usage level of each device. To ensure stable system operation and equipment lifespan, the system sorts the heat pump units according to their cumulative runtime from shortest to longest, with shorter runtimes listed first and longer runtimes listed later, thus obtaining the equipment rotation sequence. This sorting method ensures that devices with shorter runtimes receive lower temperature correction values ​​first, thereby achieving the goal of consistent operating times for each heat pump in subsequent rotation temperature allocations, balancing equipment wear, and extending the overall system lifespan.

[0058] S1032. Based on the sorting position of each heat pump unit in the equipment rotation sequence, calculate the temperature deviation value corresponding to each heat pump unit. The temperature deviation value is positively correlated with the sorting position.

[0059] This step calculates the corresponding temperature deviation value for each heat pump unit based on its ranking position in the equipment rotation sequence. The temperature deviation value is used to correct the target water supply temperature, resulting in a personalized set temperature for each unit. The temperature deviation value is positively correlated with the ranking position; that is, the later the ranking position (the longer the cumulative running time), the larger the assigned temperature deviation value. This positive correlation allocation mechanism ensures that units with longer running times receive larger temperature correction values, operating at relatively higher (or lower) temperatures in actual operation, while units with shorter running times receive smaller temperature correction values, operating at temperatures closer to the baseline value. This temperature difference thus achieves a balance in equipment rotation and operating time.

[0060] S1033. Calculate the personalized setting temperature for each heat pump unit based on the target water supply temperature and the temperature deviation value corresponding to each heat pump unit, and send the personalized setting temperature to the corresponding heat pump unit.

[0061] This step calculates the personalized set temperature for each heat pump unit based on the temperature deviation between the target supply water temperature and the corresponding temperature for each unit. The personalized set temperature equals the target supply water temperature plus (or minus) the temperature deviation value for that unit, thus giving each heat pump its own corrected operating temperature setpoint. Multiple air source heat pumps rotate their temperature settings periodically according to the system's set time, ensuring that the operating time of each heat pump is consistent. After the calculation is complete, the system sends the personalized set temperature to the corresponding heat pump unit through the communication gateway within the integrated workstation, and the heat pump operates based on the received set temperature.

[0062] S104. Generate a startup command sequence based on preset startup conditions and personalized temperature settings.

[0063] Among them, the preset startup conditions represent the various requirements that the system must meet to start, including time conditions, environmental conditions, and device status conditions. The startup instruction sequence refers to the set of device startup commands arranged in a specific order.

[0064] Specifically, this step establishes a start-stop control model based on factors such as the system's set start-stop times, real-time meteorological parameters, and temperature setpoints. When the existing conditions are determined to meet the triggering requirements of the start-stop model, the system generates a sequence of start-up instructions containing specific start-up times and operating parameters. This model-based start-stop control method ensures that the system operates under optimal conditions.

[0065] In some embodiments, the generation of the startup instruction sequence can be achieved in the following ways: Optionally, a time-priority-based startup strategy can be established to ensure that more efficient devices are started first during peak energy consumption periods; Optionally, considering the power consumption characteristics of device startup, the system startup impact can be reduced through off-peak startup; Optionally, the device start-up and shutdown sequence can be planned in advance by combining historical operating data and weather forecast information. It is understood that other methods can also be used to achieve intelligent sorting of startup instructions, which are not limited here.

[0066] S105. Execute the start command sequence. After starting the circulating water pump and waiting for the return water pressure parameter to reach the preset parameter threshold, start each heat pump unit in sequence according to the personalized temperature setting.

[0067] Among them, the circulating water pump refers to the power equipment used for water circulation in the system. The return water pressure parameter threshold refers to the minimum water pressure value required for the normal operation of the system. The personalized temperature setting sequence refers to the starting order arranged from low to high according to the set temperature values.

[0068] Specifically, this step executes an automatic start-stop control process. First, the circulating water pump is started to establish water circulation. The system monitors the return water pressure in real time. Once the pressure reaches the preset threshold and stabilizes, the heat pump units are started one by one according to the personalized temperature settings. When stopping, the heat pump is stopped first, followed by the water pump, to avoid the water pump running dry. Each unit has a stable operation observation period after startup, and the next unit will only be started after confirming normal operation.

[0069] In some embodiments, equipment start-up control can be achieved in the following ways: Optionally, a PID control algorithm can be used to adjust the speed of the circulating water pump to achieve precise control of the system water pressure; Optionally, a correlation model between the equipment start-up interval and system parameters can be established to dynamically adjust the start-up interval; Optionally, a start-up process monitoring mechanism can be introduced to evaluate the equipment start-up status in real time and provide fault warnings. It is understood that other methods can also be used to achieve safe and reliable equipment start-up, which are not limited here.

[0070] In some embodiments, this step specifically includes:

[0071] S1051. According to the start command sequence, send the circulating water pump start command to start the circulating water pump.

[0072] This step, based on the startup command sequence, first sends a startup command to the circulating water pump. During the startup process of an air-source heat pump system, the circulating water pump must be started first to establish water circulation before starting the heat pump unit; this is a timing control requirement for equipment startup. The system sends a startup command to the frequency converter of the circulating water pump via the integrated workstation. After receiving the command, the frequency converter drives the circulating water pump to run, initiating water circulation in the piping system. This sequential protection mechanism, which prioritizes pump startup, prevents water system impact and damage to the heat pump equipment, ensuring safe system startup.

[0073] S1052. Real-time monitoring of return water pressure parameters. When the return water pressure parameters reach the preset parameter threshold, start-up commands are sent to each heat pump unit in order of personalized temperature setting from low to high.

[0074] This step involves monitoring the return water pressure parameters in real time via a pipeline pressure transmitter after the circulating water pump starts. When the return water pressure parameter reaches the preset threshold, it indicates that the water circulation in the pipeline system has been established and stabilized, thus meeting the conditions for starting the heat pump units. The system sends start commands to each heat pump unit in ascending order of their individually set temperatures. Units with lower set temperatures start first, while units with higher set temperatures start later. This temperature-ordered start-up method allows the system's supply water temperature to gradually approach the target value, avoiding excessive temperature fluctuations and achieving a smooth start-up.

[0075] S1053. After sending a start command to the current heat pump unit, wait for the preset start interval before sending a start command to the next heat pump unit, until all heat pump units are started.

[0076] After sending a start command to the current heat pump unit, the system waits for a preset start interval before sending a start command to the next heat pump unit. The preset start interval is to avoid the impact on the power grid caused by multiple devices starting simultaneously, and also to allow each device time to stabilize during startup. The system starts one heat pump sequentially according to temperature, at preset intervals, until all heat pump units are started. This sequential start control strategy ensures both the system's electrical safety and the smooth operation of the equipment, avoiding accidental start / stop of equipment and system impact.

[0077] S106. Control the water supply pump and pressure relief valve according to the return water pressure parameters and liquid level parameters, and adjust the temperature deviation value of each heat pump unit according to the changes in environmental parameters and building load parameters.

[0078] The water supply pump refers to the equipment used to replenish the system's water supply. The pressure relief valve is an automatic control valve used to regulate the system pressure. The temperature deviation adjustment represents the dynamic correction of the temperature setpoints of each heat pump unit based on operating conditions.

[0079] Specifically, this step implements pressure regulation and safety control procedures. The system continuously monitors the return water pressure and the softened water tank level. When the return water pressure is below the set lower limit and the softened water tank level is normal, the water supply pump is activated to replenish water; when the pressure exceeds the set upper limit, the pressure relief valve is opened to release pressure. Simultaneously, based on changes in environmental parameters and building load trends, the temperature deviation of each heat pump unit is dynamically adjusted to optimize system operating efficiency. Through this automated control mechanism, the system pressure is ensured to remain within a safe operating range at all times.

[0080] In some embodiments, system parameter adjustment can be achieved in the following ways: Optionally, a pressure regulation strategy based on fuzzy control can be established to achieve stable control of system pressure; Optionally, a sliding time window method can be used to analyze load change trends and predictively adjust temperature deviation values; Optionally, a multi-parameter coupled optimization model can be established to coordinate and control system pressure and temperature settings. It is understood that other methods can also be used to achieve intelligent adjustment of system parameters, which are not limited here.

[0081] The following provides a more detailed description of the process of the method provided in this implementation. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 This is another flowchart illustrating the unattended control method for air source heat pumps in this application.

[0082] S201. Calculate the equipment aging coefficient based on the cumulative operating time of each heat pump unit.

[0083] The aging factor is a quantitative indicator characterizing the degree of performance degradation of a heat pump unit due to long-term operation. Cumulative operating time represents the total number of operating hours of the heat pump unit from its commissioning to the present moment. The aging factor calculation comprehensively considers the impact of factors such as equipment operating time, number of start-ups and shutdowns, and load rate on equipment performance.

[0084] This step involves reading the runtime records of each heat pump unit and calculating the equipment aging factor using an aging assessment model. The calculation process is as follows: First, the cumulative runtime T of each heat pump unit is obtained and compared with the design life T0 to obtain the basic aging factor α = T / T0. Then, a start-stop frequency correction coefficient β is introduced. The value of β is calculated based on the ratio of the number of equipment start-stops N to the standard number of start-stops N0, i.e., β = 1 + k × (N - N0) / N0, where k is the start-stop impact weighting coefficient. The final aging factor K = α × β. For example, a heat pump unit has accumulated 8,000 hours of operation, has a design life of 50,000 hours, has 1,200 start-stop cycles, a standard start-stop cycle of 1,000 cycles, and a start-stop impact weighting coefficient k of 0.2. Then, the basic aging factor α = 8,000 / 50,000 = 0.16, the correction coefficient β = 1 + 0.2 × (1,200 - 1,000) / 1,000 = 1.04, and the aging coefficient K = 0.16 × 1.04 = 0.1664.

[0085] S202. Compare the equipment aging coefficient with the preset aging threshold, and divide each heat pump unit into a first-class heat pump unit and a second-class heat pump unit. The equipment aging coefficient of the first-class heat pump unit is greater than the preset aging threshold, and the equipment aging coefficient of the second-class heat pump unit is not greater than the preset aging threshold.

[0086] The preset aging threshold is a pre-defined critical value used to determine whether equipment has entered a high-aging state. Category I heat pump units refer to equipment with a high degree of aging that requires reduced operating load. Category II heat pump units refer to equipment with a low degree of aging that can operate normally. Equipment classification is based on the comparison between the aging coefficient and the threshold.

[0087] This step compares the calculated aging coefficients of each heat pump unit with the system's preset aging threshold one by one, and classifies the equipment based on the comparison results. The preset aging threshold is determined according to the equipment type and operating environment, and is usually set between 0.3 and 0.5. The comparison process uses conditional judgment logic: if the aging coefficient K of a heat pump unit is greater than the preset aging threshold Kth, the unit is classified as a Class I heat pump unit and marked as high-aging equipment; if the aging coefficient K is not greater than the preset aging threshold Kth, the unit is classified as a Class II heat pump unit and marked as normal equipment. The system establishes an equipment classification data table to record the category attribute, aging coefficient value, and update time of each unit. For example, if there are 5 heat pump units in the system, and the preset aging threshold is 0.4, if the aging coefficients of units A and B are 0.45 and 0.52 respectively, they are classified as Class I; and the aging coefficients of units C, D, and E are 0.28, 0.35, and 0.12 respectively, they are classified as Class II.

[0088] S203. When starting the heat pump unit to be started according to the personalized temperature setting sequence, obtain the category information of the heat pump unit to be started.

[0089] Heat pump units awaiting startup refer to those that are about to be started based on their personalized temperature settings. Category information includes attribute data such as the unit's equipment classification identifier, aging coefficient value, and operating status. The personalized temperature setting order is a startup priority arrangement determined based on the equipment rotation sequence and temperature deviation value.

[0090] This step involves retrieving and extracting the category information of each heat pump unit about to be started from the equipment database during the execution of the startup command sequence. The query process is as follows: the system determines the equipment number of the unit to be started based on the startup order, retrieves the corresponding category identifier field in the classification data table using the equipment number, and reads whether the unit belongs to Category 1 or Category 2. Simultaneously, it extracts related information such as the unit's aging coefficient value, cumulative runtime, and last startup time. The system temporarily stores the retrieved category information in the startup control cache for use in subsequent steps. For example, according to the personalized temperature setting sequence, if the next unit to be started is equipment numbered HP-03, the system retrieves the following information after querying the classification data table: Category 1 heat pump unit, aging coefficient of 0.48, cumulative runtime of 25,000 hours, and last startup time of January 8, 2026, at 14:30.

[0091] S204. When the heat pump unit to be started belongs to the first type of heat pump unit, the initial value of the temperature deviation of the heat pump unit to be started is set to the first preset initial value.

[0092] The initial temperature deviation value is the initial value of the temperature correction set when the heat pump unit starts up. The first preset initial value is a larger initial temperature deviation value set for equipment with high aging requirements. The temperature deviation value is used to adjust the unit's personalized set temperature, affecting the unit's start-up priority and operating load.

[0093] This step targets heat pump units classified as Category 1, configuring their initial temperature deviation value to a first preset value. The first preset value is determined based on the equipment's aging level and system protection strategy, typically set to 3°C to 5°C. The configuration process is as follows: After determining that the unit to be started belongs to Category 1, the system reads the first preset value parameter ΔT1 from the parameter configuration table and assigns this value to the unit's temperature deviation variable. A larger initial temperature deviation value increases the unit's personalized set temperature, lowers its startup priority, and reduces the operating load. The system simultaneously records the timestamp and parameter value of this configuration operation. For example, if the unit to be started, HP-03, belongs to Category 1, and the system reads the first preset value of 4°C from the configuration table, setting the initial temperature deviation value of unit HP-03 to 4°C, and if the target water supply temperature is 45°C, then the unit's personalized set temperature is 45°C + 4°C = 49°C.

[0094] S205. When the heat pump unit to be started belongs to the second type of heat pump unit, the initial value of the temperature deviation value of the heat pump unit to be started is set to the second preset initial value, and the first preset initial value is greater than the second preset initial value.

[0095] The second preset initial value is a small initial temperature deviation set for equipment with normal aging levels. Differentiated settings of the initial temperature deviation value enable load distribution control for equipment with different aging levels. A first preset initial value greater than the second preset initial value ensures that equipment with high aging levels bears a lighter load.

[0096] This step targets heat pump units classified as Category II, configuring their initial temperature deviation value to a second preset initial value. This second preset initial value is typically set to 1°C to 2°C, significantly lower than the first preset initial value. The configuration process is as follows: After determining that the unit to be started belongs to Category II, the system reads the second preset initial value parameter ΔT2 from the parameter configuration table and assigns this value to the unit's temperature deviation variable. A smaller initial temperature deviation value ensures that the unit's personalized set temperature is close to the target water supply temperature, increasing its startup priority and allowing it to be put into operation first and bear the main load. Through differentiated initial value configuration, the system achieves balanced control between protecting aging equipment and fully utilizing normal equipment. For example, if the unit to be started, HP-05, belongs to Category II, and the system reads the second preset initial value as 1.5°C, setting the initial temperature deviation value of unit HP-05 to 1.5°C, and if the target water supply temperature is 45°C, then the unit's personalized set temperature is 45°C + 1.5°C = 46.5°C, significantly lower than the 49°C set value for Category I units.

[0097] S206. After the heat pump unit to be started is started, the temperature deviation value of the first type of heat pump unit is adjusted at a first preset adjustment rate, and the temperature deviation value of the second type of heat pump unit is adjusted at a second preset adjustment rate, wherein the first preset adjustment rate is less than the second preset adjustment rate.

[0098] The preset adjustment rate refers to how quickly the temperature deviation value adjusts over time, measured in °C / minute or °C / hour. The first preset adjustment rate is a slower rate set for Class I heat pump units. The second preset adjustment rate is a faster rate set for Class II heat pump units. Differentiated adjustment rate settings are used to control the smoothness of load changes for different types of equipment.

[0099] This step involves dynamically correcting the temperature deviation value using different adjustment rates based on the unit type after the heat pump unit has completed startup and entered stable operation. For Class I heat pump units, a first preset adjustment rate v1 is used for slow adjustment, with the adjustment formula ΔT(t) = ΔT0 - v1 × t, where ΔT0 is the initial value and t is the running time. The first preset adjustment rate is typically set to 0.1℃ / hour to 0.3℃ / hour. For Class II heat pump units, a second preset adjustment rate v2 is used for faster adjustment, with the adjustment formula ΔT(t) = ΔT0 - v2 × t. The second preset adjustment rate is typically set to 0.5℃ / hour to 1.0℃ / hour. The slower adjustment rate ensures smoother load changes for Class I units, avoiding impact on aging equipment. The faster adjustment rate allows Class II units to respond quickly to load demands. For example, the initial temperature of the first type of unit is 4℃. After running for 2 hours, it is adjusted at a rate of 0.2℃ / hour, and the temperature deviation value drops to 4-0.2×2=3.6℃; the initial temperature of the second type of unit is 1.5℃. After running for 2 hours, it is adjusted at a rate of 0.8℃ / hour, and the temperature deviation value drops to 1.5-0.8×2=-0.1℃.

[0100] S207. When starting the heat pump unit to be started according to the personalized temperature setting sequence, collect the return water temperature of the heat pump unit before it starts.

[0101] Return water temperature refers to the real-time temperature of the circulating water in the system's return water pipeline, reflecting the water temperature state after heat is released from the building side. The return water temperature before startup is the return water temperature data collected just before the heat pump unit performs its startup operation. Temperature acquisition is achieved through temperature sensors installed on the return water pipeline.

[0102] This step involves the system preparing to start a heat pump unit according to the personalized temperature settings. The data acquisition module reads the temperature sensor values ​​from the corresponding return water pipe of that unit. The acquisition process is as follows: within a 5-10 second time window before sending the start command to the unit to be started, the system continuously collects return water temperature data at 1-second intervals. Multiple sample values ​​are then averaged to obtain the pre-start return water temperature. This multiple sampling and averaging method eliminates the influence of instantaneous fluctuations and improves data accuracy. The system stores the collected return water temperature values ​​along with a timestamp in the start-up record database. The temperature sensor uses a PT1000 platinum resistance thermometer or thermocouple type, with a measurement accuracy of ±0.1℃ and a response time of less than 5 seconds. For example, when the HP-07 unit is about to start, the system starts collecting the return water temperature 8 seconds before startup, obtaining 8 sampled values ​​of 32.3℃, 32.5℃, 32.4℃, 32.6℃, 32.4℃, 32.5℃, 32.3℃, and 32.4℃ respectively. The average value is calculated to be 32.4℃, and this value is recorded as the return water temperature of the HP-07 unit before startup.

[0103] S208. Calculate the temperature rise rate based on the return water temperature and the target supply water temperature, and determine the temperature deviation adjustment parameters for the start-up phase based on the temperature rise rate.

[0104] Temperature rise range refers to the size of the temperature range required for the return water temperature to rise from the pre-startup temperature to the target supply water temperature. The temperature deviation adjustment parameters during the startup phase are the temperature deviation correction amount and adjustment strategy determined based on the temperature rise range. The temperature rise range affects the load intensity and energy consumption level during unit startup.

[0105] The first step is to calculate the temperature rise magnitude, ΔTrise, using the formula ΔTrise = Ttarget - Treturn, where Ttarget is the target supply water temperature and Treturn is the return water temperature before startup. Then, a model for determining adjustment parameters is established based on the temperature rise magnitude. When ΔTrise is large (greater than 15℃), it indicates a significant difference between the initial system temperature and the target temperature. A larger adjustment parameter ka (0.8 to 1.0) is set for the startup phase to accelerate the temperature rise. When ΔTrise is moderate (between 8℃ and 15℃), a moderate adjustment parameter ka (0.5 to 0.7) is set. When ΔTrise is small (less than 8℃), it indicates the system is close to the target temperature. A smaller adjustment parameter ka (0.2 to 0.4) is set to avoid temperature overshoot. Based on the calculated temperature rise magnitude, the system determines the specific adjustment parameter values ​​by consulting a parameter mapping table or using piecewise linear interpolation. For example, if the return water temperature of a certain unit is 32.4℃ before startup and the target supply water temperature is 45℃, the temperature rise ΔTrise = 45 - 32.4 = 12.6℃, which is in the medium range, the system determines the temperature deviation adjustment parameter ka = 0.6 during the startup phase based on the mapping relationship.

[0106] S209. When the heat pump unit is about to be shut down, the current water supply temperature of the heat pump unit to be shut down is collected.

[0107] A heat pump unit about to be shut down refers to a heat pump device that is about to execute a shutdown operation according to the system control strategy. The current supply water temperature is the real-time temperature value of the supply water pipeline output by the heat pump unit just before the shutdown operation is executed. Temperature data is collected before the shutdown command is issued to assess the impact of unit shutdown on the system temperature.

[0108] This step involves the system determining that a heat pump unit needs to be shut down, and then reading the real-time values ​​from the temperature sensor on the unit's water supply pipeline via the data acquisition module. The acquisition process is as follows: within a 3-8 second time window before sending a shutdown command to the unit about to be shut down, the system continuously collects water supply temperature data at 0.5-second intervals, calculates the average of multiple sampled values ​​as the current water supply temperature, and uses a high-frequency sampling method to capture the actual operating temperature state before shutdown, avoiding temperature deviations caused by unit load fluctuations. The system stores the collected water supply temperature values, along with the unit number and shutdown timestamp, in the shutdown record database. The water supply temperature sensor is installed 0.5 to 1 meter downstream of the unit's outlet, using a fast-response temperature sensor with a measurement accuracy of ±0.1℃ and a response time of less than 3 seconds. For example, if the HP-12 unit is about to shut down, the system will start collecting the water supply temperature 5 seconds before shutdown, obtaining 10 sampled values: 46.8℃, 46.9℃, 46.7℃, 47.0℃, 46.8℃, 46.9℃, 46.8℃, 46.7℃, 46.9℃, and 46.8℃. The average value is calculated to be 46.83℃, and this value is recorded as the current water supply temperature of the HP-12 unit.

[0109] S210. Calculate the temperature drop rate based on the current water supply temperature and the target water supply temperature, and determine the temperature deviation adjustment parameters for the shutdown phase based on the temperature drop rate.

[0110] The temperature drop range refers to the potential decrease in system supply water temperature after the heat pump unit shuts down. The temperature deviation adjustment parameters during shutdown are the temperature deviation correction amount and adjustment strategy determined based on the temperature drop range. The temperature drop range reflects the degree to which unit shutdown affects system temperature stability.

[0111] This step first calculates the temperature drop magnitude ΔTfall using the formula ΔTfall = Tcurrent - Ttarget, where Tcurrent is the current supply water temperature and Ttarget is the target supply water temperature. Then, a model for determining adjustment parameters during the shutdown phase is established based on the temperature drop magnitude. When ΔTfall is large (greater than 3°C), it indicates that the current supply water temperature is significantly higher than the target temperature, and unit shutdown will not cause insufficient temperature. A smaller adjustment parameter kd = 0.1 to 0.2 is set for the temperature deviation during the shutdown phase, maintaining a slow rate of temperature deviation decrease. When ΔTfall is moderate (between 1°C and 3°C), a moderate adjustment parameter kd = 0.3 to 0.5 is set. When ΔTfall is small or negative (less than 1°C), it indicates that the current supply water temperature is close to or lower than the target temperature, and unit shutdown may lead to insufficient supply water temperature. A larger adjustment parameter kd = 0.6 to 0.8 is set to accelerate the decrease in temperature deviation, delaying the shutdown of other units or triggering the start-up of standby units. Based on the calculated temperature drop magnitude, the system determines the specific adjustment parameter values ​​by looking up a parameter mapping table or using a piecewise linear function. For example, if the current water supply temperature of a certain unit is 46.83℃ and the target water supply temperature is 45℃, the temperature drop ΔTfall = 46.83 - 45 = 1.83℃, which is in the medium range, the system determines the temperature deviation adjustment parameter kd = 0.4 during the shutdown phase based on the mapping relationship.

[0112] S211. Adjust the temperature deviation value of the corresponding heat pump unit according to the temperature deviation value adjustment parameters during the start-up phase and the temperature deviation value adjustment parameters during the shutdown phase. Different adjustment strategies are adopted for the temperature deviation value adjustment parameters during the start-up phase and the temperature deviation value adjustment parameters during the shutdown phase.

[0113] Temperature deviation adjustment during startup is a temperature compensation control measure for newly started units, enabling them to quickly reach an effective operating state. Temperature deviation adjustment during shutdown is a temperature transition control measure for units about to be shut down, ensuring a smooth shutdown process. The different adjustment strategies are reflected in the differentiated configurations of adjustment direction, adjustment rate, and adjustment magnitude.

[0114] This step establishes a two-stage temperature deviation adjustment control mechanism, performing differentiated adjustments for start-up and shutdown units. For the start-up phase, a rapid increase mode is adopted, with the adjustment formula ΔTstart(t) = ΔT0 × (1 - ka × t / T0), where ka is the start-up phase adjustment parameter, T0 is the preset adjustment period, and the adjustment direction is a rapid decrease in the temperature deviation value, allowing the unit's personalized set temperature to quickly approach the target supply water temperature, accelerating the unit's entry into rated load operation. The adjustment rate is relatively fast, with a typical adjustment period T0 of 10 to 30 minutes. For the shutdown phase, a slow decrease mode is adopted, with the adjustment formula ΔTstop(t) = ΔT0 × (1 - kd × t / T1), where kd is the shutdown phase adjustment parameter, T1 is the shutdown transition period, and the adjustment direction is a slow increase in the temperature deviation value, delaying the unit's shutdown process and preventing a sudden drop in system temperature. The adjustment rate is relatively slow, with a typical adjustment period T1 of 30 to 60 minutes. The two adjustment strategies have different parameter configurations and time scales, achieving differentiated control for startup acceleration and shutdown buffering. For example, when starting up, the initial temperature deviation of the unit is 4℃. During the startup phase, the adjustment parameter ka=0.6, and the adjustment period T0=20 minutes. After running for 10 minutes, the temperature deviation drops to 4×(1-0.6×10 / 20)=4×0.7=2.8℃. When shutting down, the initial temperature deviation of the unit is 1℃. During the shutdown phase, the adjustment parameter kd=0.4, and the adjustment period T1=40 minutes. After running for 20 minutes, the temperature deviation becomes 1×(1-0.4×20 / 40)=1×0.8=0.8℃.

[0115] S212. Obtain the installation location parameters of each heat pump unit, and calculate the corresponding pipeline distance parameters for each heat pump unit based on the installation location parameters.

[0116] Installation location parameters describe the spatial coordinates of the specific installation location of the heat pump unit within a building or equipment room. Piping distance parameters refer to the length of the piping from the heat pump unit's outlet to the main system pipeline junction point or to the furthest user. Piping distance affects heat loss and hydraulic loss during heat transfer, thus impacting system energy efficiency.

[0117] This step extracts the installation location parameters of each heat pump unit from the equipment management database, including the unit's three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z) or location identifiers such as room number, row number, and column number. Then, based on the installation location parameters and the system piping layout diagram, the pipe distance parameters are calculated. Two calculation methods are used: direct measurement and model calculation. The direct measurement method is suitable for existing systems, obtaining the actual pipe length L from each unit to the main pipeline by reading piping design drawings or conducting on-site measurements. The model calculation method is suitable for the planning stage, calculating the equivalent pipe length using the shortest path algorithm or Manhattan distance based on the unit's location coordinates and the piping layout topology. The calculation formula is L = Lhorizontal + Lvertical + Lbend, where Lhorizontal is the horizontal pipe segment length, Lvertical is the vertical pipe segment length, and Lbend is the equivalent length of the elbow. The system establishes location-distance data pairs for each unit and stores them in the piping parameter database. For example, a certain unit is installed in the third row on the east side of the second-floor machine room, with location coordinates (15m, 8m, 6m). According to the pipeline layout diagram, the pipeline from the unit's outlet through the water supply riser to the junction of the main water supply pipe on the first floor includes: 5 meters of horizontal section + 6 meters of vertical section + 4 elbows equivalent to 3 meters = a total length of 14 meters. Record the pipeline distance parameter L = 14m for this unit.

[0118] S213. Compare the pipeline distance parameters with the preset distance threshold to divide each heat pump unit into near-end heat pump units and far-end heat pump units.

[0119] The preset distance threshold is a pre-defined critical pipe length value used to distinguish between near-end and far-end equipment. Near-end heat pump units are those with pipe distance parameters less than or equal to the preset distance threshold, located closer to the main system pipeline or the user. Far-end heat pump units are those with pipe distance parameters greater than the preset distance threshold, located farther from the main system pipeline or the user. This distance-based equipment classification is used to implement differentiated temperature control strategies.

[0120] This step compares the calculated pipe distance parameters of each heat pump unit with the system's preset distance threshold one by one, and classifies the equipment's location based on the comparison results. The preset distance threshold is determined based on the system scale, pipe layout characteristics, and temperature control accuracy requirements, and is typically set to 10 to 30 meters. The comparison process uses conditional judgment logic: it iterates through all heat pump units, reads the pipe distance parameter L for each unit, and if L ≤ Lth (preset distance threshold), the unit is classified as a near-end heat pump unit and marked with the location attribute "near-end"; if L > Lth, the unit is classified as a far-end heat pump unit and marked with the location attribute "far-end". The system establishes a location classification data table, recording the location attribute, pipe distance parameter, and classification timestamp for each unit. The classification results are used for subsequent location correction coefficient configuration and priority adjustment. For example, if there are 8 heat pump units in the system, and the preset distance threshold is set to 20 meters, the pipe distance parameters for each unit are as follows: HP-01 is 12m, HP-02 is 15m, HP-03 is 18m, HP-04 is 25m, HP-05 is 28m, HP-06 is 32m, HP-07 is 8m, and HP-08 is 22m. Then, HP-01, HP-02, HP-03, and HP-07 are classified as near-end heat pump units, and HP-04, HP-05, HP-06, and HP-08 are classified as far-end heat pump units.

[0121] S214. Calculate the pipeline heat loss parameters based on the pipeline distance parameters corresponding to the remote heat pump unit, and configure the location correction coefficient for the remote heat pump unit based on the pipeline heat loss parameters.

[0122] Pipeline heat loss parameters refer to the temperature drop or energy loss rate caused by heat dissipation during pipeline transmission. The location correction factor is a temperature compensation factor configured for remote heat pump units to offset the impact of pipeline heat loss on the supply water temperature. The correction factor is calculated based on pipeline heat loss to ensure that remote users receive sufficient heat.

[0123] This step targets equipment classified as remote heat pump units, calculating pipeline heat loss parameters based on their pipeline distance parameters. The calculation employs a heat loss assessment model, comprehensively considering factors such as pipeline length, insulation performance, and ambient temperature. The basic calculation formula is ΔTloss=α×L×(Tsupply-Tambient), where α is the heat loss coefficient per unit length of the pipeline (unit: ℃ / m), L is the pipeline distance parameter, Tsupply is the supply water temperature, and Tambient is the ambient temperature. The heat loss coefficient per unit length α is determined based on the pipe diameter, insulation layer thickness, and material, with typical values ​​ranging from 0.02 to 0.08 ℃ / m. For example, for a DN100 pipe with 30mm rubber-plastic insulation, α is approximately 0.03 ℃ / m. After obtaining the pipeline heat loss parameters, a position correction coefficient is determined based on the heat loss. The correction coefficient is calculated using the formula Kposition=1+β×ΔTloss / Ttarget, where β is the correction strength coefficient, typically taken as 0.8 to 1.2, and Ttarget is the target supply water temperature. The correction factor is applied to adjust the temperature deviation value, so that the personalized set temperature of the remote unit is increased accordingly. For example, for a remote unit with a pipeline distance L=28m, a pipeline heat loss coefficient α=0.04℃ / m, a water supply temperature of 45℃, and an ambient temperature of 15℃, the calculated pipeline heat loss ΔTloss=0.04×28×(45-15)=33.6℃×0.04=1.344℃≈1.3℃. Taking the correction strength coefficient β=1.0, the position correction coefficient Kposition=1+1.0×1.3 / 45=1+0.029=1.029.

[0124] S215. Adjust the temperature deviation value of the remote heat pump unit based on the location correction coefficient. The personalized setting temperature of the remote heat pump unit is higher than the personalized setting temperature of the near heat pump unit.

[0125] Temperature deviation adjustment is the process of changing the unit's personalized temperature setting by increasing or decreasing the temperature deviation value. The temperature deviation value of the remote heat pump unit is increased after adjustment with a location correction factor, thus raising its personalized temperature setting accordingly. This personalized temperature setting difference ensures that the remote user receives an actual water supply temperature comparable to that of the nearby user.

[0126] This step corrects the temperature deviation of the remote heat pump unit using the formula ΔTfar = ΔT0 × Kposition, where ΔT0 is the initial temperature deviation of the remote unit, Kposition is the position correction coefficient, and ΔTfar is the corrected temperature deviation. The corrected personalized setpoint temperature is calculated as Tset, far = Ttarget + ΔTfar. For the near-end heat pump unit, no position correction is performed, and its personalized setpoint temperature is Tset, near = Ttarget + ΔT0. Due to the correction coefficient being greater than 1, the temperature deviation of the remote unit increases, resulting in a higher personalized setpoint temperature than the near-end unit. The temperature increase equals the heat loss in the pipeline, compensating for the heat loss in the pipeline. The system sets different temperature setpoints for the remote and near-end units in its control logic, with the remote unit operating at a higher temperature to ensure that the terminal water supply temperature meets the standard. For example, if the target water supply temperature is 45℃, the initial temperature deviation of the near-end unit is 2℃, and the personalized setting temperature is 45+2=47℃; the initial temperature deviation of the far-end unit is 2℃, the position correction coefficient is 1.029, the corrected temperature deviation is 2×1.029=2.058℃, and the personalized setting temperature is 45+2.058=47.058℃. The correction amount corresponding to the 0.058℃ higher temperature than the near-end unit is actually a compensation effect of 1.3℃ for heat loss.

[0127] S216. Based on the rate of change of building load parameters, prioritize adjusting the operating status of near-end heat pump units or far-end heat pump units.

[0128] The rate of change of building load parameters refers to how quickly heating or cooling demand changes over time, reflecting load fluctuation characteristics. Operational status adjustments include unit start-up and shutdown, load rate increases and decreases, and temperature setpoint modifications. Priority adjustment strategies select and operate nearby or distant units based on the rate of load change to optimize system response speed and energy efficiency.

[0129] This step establishes a priority adjustment decision mechanism based on the load change rate. First, building load parameters are monitored in real time, and the load change rate, vload, is calculated using the formula vload=(Qcurrent-Qprevious) / Δt, where Qcurrent is the current load, Qprevious is the previous load, and Δt is the time interval. Adjustment strategies are formulated based on the sign and magnitude of the load change rate. When the load rises rapidly (vload is positive and has a large absolute value), it indicates a sharp increase in heating demand. The system prioritizes starting or increasing the load of the near-end heat pump units because these units have a fast response time and low pipeline thermal inertia, allowing them to quickly raise the supply water temperature to meet the load demand. The priority of adjustment commands is: near-end unit start-up > far-end unit start-up, near-end unit load increase > far-end unit load increase. When the load falls rapidly (vload is negative and has a large absolute value), it indicates a sharp decrease in heating demand. The system prioritizes stopping or reducing the load of the far-end heat pump units because the heat stored in the pipelines can continue to be supplied after the far-end units stop, avoiding heating interruptions due to the shutdown of the near-end units. The priority of adjustment commands is: remote unit shutdown > near unit shutdown, remote unit load reduction > near unit load reduction. When the load change is gradual (small absolute value of vload), the system adopts a conventional rotation adjustment strategy, with near and remote units adjusting alternately. For example, if the building load is detected to rise from 800kW to 1200kW within 10 minutes, the load change rate vload = (1200-800) / 10 = 40kW / minute, which is a rapid increase, the system issues an adjustment command: prioritize the start of near units HP-01 and HP-02, increasing their load rate from 60% to 90%, while keeping remote unit HP-05 in standby mode, shortening the response time to 3 minutes, and rapidly raising the water supply temperature from 42℃ to 45℃.

[0130] To better understand the implementation environment and technical architecture of the above control methods, the unattended air source heat pump control system upon which this application is based will be described in detail below. This system serves as the hardware and software carrier for realizing the aforementioned intelligent control methods. Through a distributed network architecture and modular design, it provides a complete technical support platform for the execution of various control strategies.

[0131] This solution provides an unattended control system for air source heat pumps, which is mainly used in air source heat pump heating (cooling) systems. It changes the traditional operation and management method that is performed by humans, reduces the labor intensity of operation and maintenance personnel, reduces the operation and maintenance costs of operation and maintenance units, realizes the on-demand allocation of heat (cooling) to a certain extent, reduces the occurrence of energy waste, and improves the overall automation and intelligence level of the cooling (heating) system.

[0132] This system adopts a distributed network architecture to realize the functions of decentralized on-site control and centralized monitoring of various devices in the air source heat pump cooling (heating) system. The system mainly consists of a cloud platform, an integrated workstation (containing a PLC controller, touch screen, communication gateway, network switch and 485 hub, etc.), pipeline pressure transmitters, pipeline temperature transmitters, outdoor (indoor) temperature and humidity transmitters, liquid level transmitters, water immersion transmitters, circulating water pump frequency converters, video cameras and other hardware.

[0133] The system adopts the "Internet of Things communication architecture + cloud server" model to realize the monitoring of equipment and operation data in the air source heat pump heating (cooling) system, energy metering, remote equipment monitoring, remote adjustment of operating parameters, video monitoring of key equipment (areas), and other functions, so as to achieve the purpose of unattended operation and remote management.

[0134] The system adopts a modular design and is mainly composed of an air source heat pump monitoring module, a circulating water pump monitoring module, a water replenishment and depressurization system monitoring module, an energy metering and monitoring module, a video monitoring module, a sump water level monitoring module, a control strategy monitoring module, and a safety operation module.

[0135] Air source heat pump monitoring module: Reads the operating data of the air source heat pump unit, and can manually or automatically control the start-up and shutdown of the heat pump unit and adjust the operating parameters according to the system operation status and operating strategy.

[0136] Circulating water pump monitoring module: Reads the operating data of the circulating water pump frequency converter, and can manually, automatically, or with constant pressure control to start and stop the circulating water pump and adjust the operating frequency according to the system operation.

[0137] Water replenishment and pressure relief system monitoring module: Reads the return water pressure in the pipeline in real time; based on system operation, it can manually or automatically control the start / stop of the water replenishment pump and adjust its operating frequency; it also controls the opening and closing of the pipeline pressure relief valve. It monitors the liquid level data of the softened water tank in real time and controls the opening and closing of the water replenishment valve or pump.

[0138] Energy metering and monitoring module: In the air source heat pump system, the electricity meter, heat meter and water meter monitor the energy status in real time.

[0139] Video surveillance module: Cameras are installed in key areas to monitor system equipment in real time through video capture.

[0140] Sump water level monitoring module: Automatically starts and stops the sewage pump based on real-time monitoring of the sump liquid level.

[0141] Control Strategy Monitoring Module: The system is set up with two parts, namely "Manual Control Mode" and "Automatic Control Mode". In the manual mode, the operation and maintenance personnel can issue control instructions locally on the touch screen and on the cloud platform to control the start / stop of each device and adjust the operation parameters. In the "Automatic Control Mode", the water replenishment and pressure relief system automatically controls the operation of the equipment according to the pre-set upper and lower limit parameters; when "Enable Strategy Table" is selected, the system will automatically control the start / stop and parameter adjustment of the relevant equipment according to data such as the set start / stop time, set parameters, operation mode, correction parameters, and equipment rotation parameters, etc., to achieve the linkage of multiple devices.

[0142] Safe Operation Module: To ensure the stable operation of the air source heat pump system, the system is embedded with multiple safety interlock modules, such as the interlock of automatic start and automatic stop, the interlock of the softening water tank and the water replenishment pump, the interlock of the return water pressure and the water replenishment and pressure relief system, the interlock of the outdoor temperature and the operation strategy, etc. By setting various interlocks, the operation safety of the overall system and individual devices is guaranteed.

[0143] Among them, the system architecture diagram is as Figure 3 shown below:

[0144] Please refer to Figure 3 , which is a system architecture diagram of the unattended control system in the embodiment of this application.

[0145] It can be seen that the system adopts a hierarchical architecture design to achieve unattended intelligent operation from device layer data collection to application layer remote control. The system realizes the centralized monitoring and strategy scheduling of devices such as air source heat pumps, water pumps, and valves through the cloud platform and the mobile terminal. Specifically, it includes three-layer structure: The application layer includes the mobile phone App, the cloud platform, and the workstation, which are responsible for providing the operation and maintenance personnel with a human-computer interaction interface and remote monitoring capabilities; The acquisition, control, and transmission layer includes the integrated workstation and the Internet of Things gateway, which are responsible for the acquisition, processing, and transmission of device data; The device layer includes on-site devices such as air source heat pumps, circulating water pumps, electric valves, heat meters, intelligent electric meters, and various transmitters, which are responsible for executing specific control actions and feedback of operation status. By adopting a three-level control architecture of cloud platform + mobile terminal + local workstation, it supports remote monitoring and strategy issuance, and uses the integrated workstation as an edge computing node to achieve local intelligent control and data upload, ensuring that the system can still maintain the basic local automatic control function under abnormal conditions such as network interruption, and ensuring the reliability and continuity of the system operation.

[0146] Through the collaborative work of the above system architecture and each functional module, the control method described in this application can be efficiently and reliably implemented in actual projects, realizing the unattended and intelligent operation of the air source heat pump cooling (heating) system.

[0147] The unattended control system in the embodiments of this invention is described below from the perspective of hardware processing. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of an unattended control system in the embodiments of this application.

[0148] It should be noted that, Figure 4 The structure of the unattended control system shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0149] like Figure 4 As shown, the unattended control system includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 401, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on programs stored in Read-Only Memory (ROM) 402 or programs loaded from storage section 408 into Random Access Memory (RAM) 403, such as performing the methods described in the above embodiments. The RAM 403 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. The CPU 401, ROM 402, and RAM 403 are interconnected via a bus 404. An Input / Output (I / O) interface 405 is also connected to the bus 404.

[0150] The following components are connected to I / O interface 405: input section 406 including audio input devices, push-button switches, etc.; output section 407 including a liquid crystal display (LCD) and audio output devices, indicator lights, etc.; storage section 408 including a hard disk, etc.; and communication section 409 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card, modem, etc. Communication section 409 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. Drive 410 is also connected to I / O interface 405 as needed. Removable media 411, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., are installed on drive 410 as needed so that computer programs read from them can be installed into storage section 408 as needed.

[0151] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing computer programs for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 409, and / or installed from removable medium 411. When the computer program is executed by central processing unit (CPU) 401, it performs the various functions defined in the present invention.

[0152] It should be noted that specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, optical fiber, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0153] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. Each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, program segment, or portion of code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those shown in the drawings.

[0154] Specifically, the unattended control system of this embodiment includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the unattended control method for the air source heat pump provided in the above embodiment.

[0155] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the unattended control system described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not be assembled into the unattended control system. The storage medium carries one or more computer programs, which, when executed by a processor of the unattended control system, cause the unattended control system to implement the air source heat pump unattended control method provided in the above embodiments.

[0156] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0157] As used in the above embodiments, depending on the context, the term "when..." can be interpreted as meaning "if...", "after...", "in response to determining...", or "in response to detecting...". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "when determining..." or "if (the stated condition or event) is interpreted as meaning "if determining...", "in response to determining...", "when (the stated condition or event) is detected", or "in response to detecting (the stated condition or event)".

[0158] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes described in the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM or random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. An unattended control method of an air source heat pump, characterized by, The method is applied to an unattended control system, and comprises the following steps: Collecting real-time operation parameters of an air source heat pump system, the real-time operation parameters including environmental parameters, building load parameters, return water pressure parameters, liquid level parameters and equipment operation time length parameters, the air source heat pump system comprising a plurality of heat pump units; Predicting load demand according to the environmental parameters and the building load parameters, and calculating a target water supply temperature based on the load demand; According to the equipment operation time length parameters, sorting each heat pump unit, assigning a temperature deviation value to each heat pump unit, and calculating an individualized set temperature of each heat pump unit by the target water supply temperature and the temperature deviation value corresponding to the heat pump unit; Generating a start instruction sequence according to a preset start condition and the individualized set temperature; Executing the start instruction sequence, starting a circulating water pump, and then starting each heat pump unit in sequence according to the individualized set temperature after the return water pressure parameter reaches a preset parameter threshold; Controlling a water replenishing pump and a pressure relief valve according to the return water pressure parameter and the liquid level parameter, and adjusting the temperature deviation value of each heat pump unit according to changes in the environmental parameters and the building load parameters.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of predicting load demand according to the environmental parameters and the building load parameters, and calculating a target water supply temperature based on the load demand, specifically comprises the following steps: Obtaining outdoor temperature and outdoor humidity in the environmental parameters, calculating building heat load or cold load at the current time through a load prediction model according to the outdoor temperature, the outdoor humidity and the building load parameters, and obtaining the load demand; Determining a water supply temperature reference value and a return water temperature reference value according to the load demand, and taking the water supply temperature reference value as the target water supply temperature.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of sorting each heat pump unit according to the equipment operation time length parameters, assigning a temperature deviation value to each heat pump unit, and calculating an individualized set temperature of each heat pump unit by the target water supply temperature and the temperature deviation value corresponding to the heat pump unit, specifically comprises the following steps: Obtaining cumulative operation time length of each heat pump unit, sorting each heat pump unit in ascending order of the cumulative operation time length to obtain an equipment rotation sequence; According to the sorting position of each heat pump unit in the equipment rotation sequence, calculating a temperature deviation value corresponding to each heat pump unit, the temperature deviation value being in a positive correlation with the sorting position; According to the target water supply temperature and the temperature deviation value corresponding to each heat pump unit, calculating an individualized set temperature of each heat pump unit, and issuing the individualized set temperature to the corresponding heat pump unit.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of executing the start instruction sequence, starting a circulating water pump, and then starting each heat pump unit in sequence according to the individualized set temperature after the return water pressure parameter reaches a preset parameter threshold, specifically comprises the following steps: According to the start instruction sequence, sending a circulating water pump start instruction to start the circulating water pump; Real-time monitoring the return water pressure parameter, and sending a start instruction to each heat pump unit in order from low to high according to the individualized set temperature when the return water pressure parameter reaches the preset parameter threshold; After sending the start instruction to the current heat pump unit, wait for a preset start interval, and then send the start instruction to the next heat pump unit until all the heat pump units are started.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, After the step of controlling the water supply pump and the pressure relief valve according to the return water pressure parameter and the liquid level parameter, and adjusting the temperature deviation value of each heat pump unit according to the change of the environmental parameter and the building load parameter, the method further comprises: calculating a device aging coefficient according to the cumulative running time of each heat pump unit; comparing the device aging coefficient with a preset aging threshold, and dividing each heat pump unit into a first type of heat pump unit and a second type of heat pump unit, the device aging coefficient of the first type of heat pump unit being greater than the preset aging threshold, and the device aging coefficient of the second type of heat pump unit being not greater than the preset aging threshold; when starting the to-be-started heat pump unit in the order of the individualized set temperature, obtaining the category information of the to-be-started heat pump unit; when the to-be-started heat pump unit belongs to the first type of heat pump unit, setting the initial value of the temperature deviation value of the to-be-started heat pump unit as a first preset initial value; when the to-be-started heat pump unit belongs to the second type of heat pump unit, setting the initial value of the temperature deviation value of the to-be-started heat pump unit as a second preset initial value, the first preset initial value being greater than the second preset initial value; after the to-be-started heat pump unit starts to run, adjusting the temperature deviation value of the first type of heat pump unit at a first preset adjustment rate, and adjusting the temperature deviation value of the second type of heat pump unit at a second preset adjustment rate, the first preset adjustment rate being less than the second preset adjustment rate.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, After the step of controlling the water supply pump and the pressure relief valve according to the return water pressure parameter and the liquid level parameter, and adjusting the temperature deviation value of each heat pump unit according to the change of the environmental parameter and the building load parameter, the method further comprises: when starting the to-be-started heat pump unit in the order of the individualized set temperature, collecting the return water temperature before the to-be-started heat pump unit starts; calculating a temperature rise amplitude according to the return water temperature and the target supply water temperature, and determining a start phase temperature deviation value adjustment parameter based on the temperature rise amplitude; when the to-be-shut-down heat pump unit is about to perform a shutdown operation, collecting the current supply water temperature of the to-be-shut-down heat pump unit; calculating a temperature drop amplitude according to the current supply water temperature and the target supply water temperature, and determining a shutdown phase temperature deviation value adjustment parameter based on the temperature drop amplitude; adjusting the temperature deviation value of the corresponding heat pump unit according to the start phase temperature deviation value adjustment parameter and the shutdown phase temperature deviation value adjustment parameter, respectively, the start phase temperature deviation value adjustment parameter and the shutdown phase temperature deviation value adjustment parameter adopting different adjustment strategies.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, After the step of controlling the water supply pump and the pressure relief valve according to the return water pressure parameter and the liquid level parameter, and adjusting the temperature deviation value of each heat pump unit according to the change of the environmental parameter and the building load parameter, the method further comprises: Obtaining installation position parameters of each heat pump unit, and calculating pipeline distance parameters corresponding to each heat pump unit according to the installation position parameters; Comparing the pipeline distance parameters with a preset distance threshold, and dividing each heat pump unit into a near-end heat pump unit and a far-end heat pump unit; Calculating pipeline heat loss parameters according to the pipeline distance parameters corresponding to the far-end heat pump unit, and configuring a position correction coefficient for the far-end heat pump unit based on the pipeline heat loss parameters; Adjusting temperature deviation values of the far-end heat pump unit based on the position correction coefficient, and setting a personalized temperature of the far-end heat pump unit to be higher than that of the near-end heat pump unit; According to the change rate of the building load parameter, preferentially adjusting the operating state of the near-end heat pump unit or the far-end heat pump unit.

8. An unattended control system, characterized by The unattended control system comprises one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled with the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code comprises computer instructions, and the one or more processors invoke the computer instructions to enable the unattended control system to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions run on the unattended control system, the unattended control system performs the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product, characterised in that, When the computer program product runs on the unattended control system, the unattended control system performs the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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