Electrical power supply circuit of a vehicle electrical energy storage unit

Abstract

Power supply circuit (1) of an electrical energy storage unit (2), this power supply circuit comprising: - a primary sub-circuit (4), suitable for connection to a voltage network (5), and - a secondary sub-circuit (6), suitable for connection to an electrical energy storage unit (2), the primary sub-circuit (4) and the secondary sub-circuit (6) being configured so as to exchange electrical energy without contact by inductive coupling, the secondary sub-circuit (6) comprising: - a secondary inductive cell for the exchange of electrical energy with the primary sub-circuit (4) by inductive coupling, - an inverter / rectifier (23) suitable for performing impedance matching of the impedance on the AC input of this inverter / rectifier (23), independently of the impedance of the electrical energy storage unit (2), this inverter / rectifier (23) comprising at least two switching arms (24),each switching arm comprising two electronic switches controllable in series on either side of a midpoint (25), and - a transformer (11), having a primary winding (13) mounted with the secondary inductive cell (20) and at least one secondary winding (14) mounted between two midpoints (25) of the inverter / rectifier (23). Abbreviated figure: Fig. 1,

Description

Title of the invention: Electrical power supply circuit for a vehicle electrical energy storage unit

[0001] The present invention relates to a contactless power supply circuit for a vehicle electrical energy storage unit.

[0002] The electrical energy storage unit has, for example, a nominal voltage of 12V, 48V, 60V or more, for example greater than 300V, for example 400V, 800V or 1000V.

[0003] It is known to power a vehicle's electrical energy storage unit with a power output between 3 and 50 kW by contactless transmission via inductive coupling, whether the vehicle is stationary or moving. This contactless power supply is achieved using magnetically coupled, distant electrical subcircuits tuned to the same resonant frequency. Each magnetically coupled subcircuit employs an LC-type resonant cell. However, to transmit a satisfactory power level, particularly several kW, it is necessary to operate at high frequencies, specifically on the order of 85 kHz or higher, for the resonant frequency of each resonant subcircuit. Furthermore, this type of solution requires a short distance between the two subcircuits.The frequency and power levels mentioned above, for implementation in kW, can also constitute a danger to the health of people exposed nearby, or a danger to the environment in general.

[0004] The solution according to international application no. PCT / EP2023 / 076297 filed on September 22, 2023, in the name of Valeo Engine Control Systems, which is not part of the published prior art, consists of applying an alternating voltage across the terminals of a primary inductive cell inductively coupled to a secondary inductive cell which, by impedance matching, allows the transmission of low-frequency electrical energy to an electrical energy storage unit, for example, an electric vehicle battery. With such a solution, the transmissible power and efficiency are limited by the value of the DC input voltage of the inverter / rectifier supplying the primary inductive cell and by the value of the voltage across the terminals of the electrical energy storage unit.Indeed, due to this voltage value across the electrical energy storage unit, a maximum current value in the secondary inductive cell must be respected, hence a limitation of the efficiency obtained.

[0005] There is a need to provide a power supply to a storage unit electrical energy is exchanged without contact by inductive coupling, which remedies the aforementioned disadvantages.

[0006] The invention aims to meet this need and achieves this, according to one of its aspects, by means of a power supply circuit for an electrical energy storage unit, this power supply circuit comprising:

[0007] - a primary sub-circuit, suitable for connection to a voltage network, and

[0008] - a secondary sub-circuit, suitable for connection to an energy storage unit electric

[0009] the primary sub-circuit and the secondary sub-circuit being configured so as to exchange electrical energy without contact by inductive coupling,

[0010] the secondary sub-circuit comprising:

[0011] - a secondary inductive cell for contact exchange by inductive coupling of electrical energy with the primary sub-circuit,

[0012] - an inverter / rectifier capable of performing impedance matching of the impedance on the AC input of this inverter / rectifier, regardless of the impedance of the electrical energy storage unit, this inverter / rectifier comprising at least two switching arms, each switching arm comprising two electronic switches arranged on either side of a midpoint, and

[0013] - a transformer, having a primary winding mounted with the inductive cell secondary and at least one secondary winding mounted between two center points of the inverter / rectifier.

[0014] The presence of a transformer in the secondary sub-circuit allows a reduction ratio to be applied to the current flowing in the secondary inductive cell, relative to that flowing between the two midpoints of the inverter / rectifier in the secondary sub-circuit. This reduces conduction losses in the secondary inductive cell.

[0015] The fact that the contactless exchange of electrical energy by inductive coupling occurs at low frequencies allows the use of a transformer of reduced size and cost, the latter having, for example, a weight on the order of 5 kg. This transformer can have a magnetic circuit with high permeability. It includes, for example, a core made of ferrite, iron powder, or even nanocrystalline material.

[0016] The transformer has for example a transmission ratio N between 1 and 10, for example 1.5 or 2 or 3, so that the current flowing in the primary winding of the transformer is equal to 1 / N times the current flowing in the secondary winding of the transformer.

[0017] The inverter / rectifier may comprise exactly two switching arms, and the The transformer may consist of a single secondary winding mounted between the two center points of the inverter / rectifier. No physical component is by example interposed between the two midpoints of the inverter / rectifier and the secondary winding of the transformer.

[0018] The secondary inductive cell can be connected in series with the primary winding of the transformer, meaning that any current flowing in the secondary inductive cell also flows in the primary winding of the transformer. In this case, the secondary inductive cell and the primary winding of the transformer can be the only electrical components of a loop of the secondary sub-circuit, meaning that in such a case, the sum:

[0019] - of the voltage across the terminals of the primary winding of the transformer in conventional receiver, and

[0020] - of the voltage across the terminals of the secondary inductive cell in receiver convention

[0021] is null.

[0022] Alternatively, when the secondary inductive cell is mounted in series with the primary winding of the transformer, another physical component such as a capacitor can be mounted in series with the primary winding of the transformer and the secondary inductive cell.

[0023] The invention is not limited to the presence of a single transformer in the secondary sub-circuit. Alternatively, several transformers can be cascaded between the secondary inductive cell and the inverter / rectifier, in order to further reduce the current flowing in the secondary inductive cell.

[0024] In all the above, the secondary inductive cell can be constituted by the series association of a capacitor and an inductor.

[0025] Alternatively, in all the foregoing, the secondary inductive cell may be constituted by an inductor, the switching arms of the inverter / rectifier being controlled such that the voltage across the primary winding of the transformer emulates the presence of a capacitor connected in series with the secondary inductive cell. Such control for obtaining this emulation is described in the application filed in France on June 2, 2023, by the Applicant under number 23 05573. The content of that application is incorporated by reference into the present application with regard to the control of the duty cycles of the switching arms of the inverter / rectifier.

[0026] The contactless exchange of electrical energy by inductive coupling can be carried out at a frequency below 5 kHz, for example below 3 kHz, or even below 2 kHz or 1 kHz, notably still approximately equal to 400 Hz or 50 Hz. In this case, the inductance of the secondary inductive cell can be made of metallic wire, such as copper. Such a metallic wire is solid, as opposed to Litz wire. A solid metallic wire does not have a hollow cross-section. Alternatively, this inductance of the secondary inductive cell is made of Litz wire.

[0027] Alternatively, the contactless exchange of electrical energy by inductive coupling can be carried out at a frequency of 85 kHz. In this embodiment, Litz wire is advantageously used to create the inductance of the secondary inductive cell.

[0028] The inverter / rectifier comprises, for example, only two switching arms, one of which is controlled to switch at the frequency of the electrical energy exchanged without contact by inductive coupling and with a duty cycle of 50%, and the other of which is controlled to switch at a frequency higher than that of said electrical energy and with a duty cycle modulated according to the alternating current flowing in the secondary winding of the transformer and the voltage at the AC input of this inverter / rectifier. The impedance at the AC input of the inverter / rectifier is represented by the ratio V / I, where V is the voltage across the secondary winding of the transformer and I is the current flowing through this secondary winding.Impedance matching thus makes it possible to impose on the AC input of the inverter / rectifier an impedance independent of that of the electrical energy storage unit, which promotes contactless exchange of low-frequency electrical energy via inductive coupling.

[0029] Each switch of a switching arm is for example an electronic controllable switch.

[0030] Alternatively, each switching arm comprises two electronic switches, only one of which is controllable.

[0031] In all the foregoing, the secondary sub-circuit may include the electrical energy storage unit. The latter may be a lithium-ion type battery. This battery may, for example, have a nominal voltage of 12V, 48V, 60V or more, for example greater than 300V, for example 400V, 800V or 1000V.

[0032] In all that follows, the primary subcircuit may include:

[0033] - a primary inductive cell for contactless exchange by inductive coupling of electrical energy with the secondary inductive cell, and

[0034] - an inverter / rectifier comprising at least two switching arms, each switching arm comprising two electronic switches controllable on either side of a midpoint.

[0035] The secondary inductive cell and the primary inductive cell are advantageously chosen so that they have the same resonant frequency.

[0036] In all the foregoing, the primary inductive cell may consist of a capacitor and an inductor connected in series. Alternatively, and similarly to what has been mentioned with regard to the secondary inductive cell, the primary inductive cell may consist of an inductor, the switching arms of the inverter / rectifier of the primary sub-circuit being controlled so that the voltage across the AC input of this inverter / rectifier emulates the presence of a capacitor connected in series with the primary inductive cell.

[0037] In the case of contactless exchange of electrical energy by inductive coupling at frequencies below 5 kHz, the inductance of the primary inductive cell can be made of metal wire, such as copper. Such a metal wire is solid, as opposed to Litz wire. A solid metal wire does not have a hollow cross-section. Alternatively, this inductance of the primary inductive cell is made of Litz wire.

[0038] If necessary, the primary sub-circuit may include another inverter / rectifier mounted upstream of the inverter / rectifier at the midpoints of which the transformer's primary winding is mounted. This other inverter / rectifier rectifies the AC voltage received from the grid when the load is drawn from an AC voltage network. This other inverter / rectifier can then perform a power factor correction function. Such a correction ensures, in a known manner, that the current drawn from the grid is as close as possible to a perfect sine wave at the grid frequency. This reduces reactive current and subharmonics, which increase energy losses during conduction.

[0039] In all the above, the electrical network provides, for example, a nominal effective voltage of 230V with a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. The electrical network is, for example, single-phase. The electrical network is, for example, a regional or national electrical network. Alternatively, it may be an independent local network, comprising, for example, one or more batteries powered by energy sources such as wind turbines, solar panels, fuel cells, or hydroelectric generators.

[0040] Alternatively, the electrical network can supply a direct current voltage.

[0041] The electrical circuit may include a control unit configured to control the switching arms of the primary and / or secondary sub-circuit. According to the present invention, when an arm switches, each of its two controllable electronic switches is opened and closed in a complementary manner with the same switching frequency.

[0042] In all the above, the control unit can be configured to control the different switching arms so as to selectively perform:

[0043] - a charge of the electrical energy storage unit from the voltage network, Or

[0044] - a load from the voltage network from the electrical energy storage unit.

[0045] Thus, depending on the need, the exchange of electrical energy can take place in one direction or the other.

[0046] In all the foregoing, each switching arm comprises controllable electronic switches, in particular exclusively electronic switches Ironically, these are controllable, and each controllable electronic switch is, for example, a transistor—e.g., bipolar, MOS, or IGBT—or a thyristor. Each controllable electronic switch is, for example, bidirectional.

[0047] In all the foregoing, the control unit may be a digital processing circuit, for example an ASIC (Application-specific integrated circuit) or a microcontroller. This control unit may control all the switching arms of the electrical circuit, whether they belong to the primary or secondary subcircuit.

[0048] The control unit may alternatively include a primary sub-circuit control module and a secondary sub-circuit control module.

[0049] Alternatively, each sub-circuit has its own control unit, the latter being a digital processing circuit such as a microcontroller.

[0050] The invention also relates, according to another aspect, to a component for the power supply of an electrical energy storage unit, comprising the electrical circuit as defined above, the component defining in particular a structure rigidly coupled to each other supporting the primary and secondary sub-circuits. Such a component is commonly called an "on-board charger." This component is suitable for installation in a hybrid or electric vehicle.

[0051] The invention also relates, according to another aspect, to a device for supplying power to an electrical energy storage unit, comprising:

[0052] - a charging station for hybrid or electric vehicles, in which is arranged the primary sub-circuit of the electrical circuit as defined above, or to which this primary sub-circuit is electrically connected, and

[0053] - a component suitable for being installed in a hybrid or electric vehicle, in which is arranged the secondary sub-circuit of the electrical circuit as defined above.

[0054] This terminal then receives electrical energy from an electrical network via a cable, which can be a single-phase or three-phase cable. In this case, the primary and secondary circuits are not integrated into the same physical component.

[0055] The invention will be better understood upon reading the following description of a non-limiting example of its implementation and upon examination of the accompanying drawing in which:

[0056] [Fig. 1] schematically represents an electrical power supply circuit according to an example of an implementation of the invention, and

[0057] [Fig.2] schematically represents a variant of the electrical circuit of [Fig.1].

[0058] Figure 1 shows a power supply circuit 1 for an electrical energy storage unit 2. This electrical energy storage unit 2 is, for example, a vehicle battery, which may have a nominal voltage of 48V, 60V, 300V, 400V, 800V or more. This battery is used to power a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle.

[0059] This power supply circuit 1 comprises:

[0060] - a control unit 3,

[0061] - a primary sub-circuit 4, suitable for connection to a voltage network 5, and

[0062] - a secondary sub-circuit 6, comprising the electrical energy storage unit 2.

[0063] The power supply circuit 1 implements a contactless exchange of electrical energy by inductive coupling between the primary sub-circuit 4 and the secondary sub-circuit 6, for the charging of the electrical energy storage unit 2.

[0064] The control unit 3 is for example a microcontroller or any digital processing unit.

[0065] In the example considered, the primary sub-circuit 4 comprises:

[0066] - a connector 9 suitable for being connected to the electrical network,

[0067] - an inverter / rectifier 21 comprising here two switching arms 7, mounted in parallel, and whose operation will be described below, and

[0068] - a primary inductive cell 10 whose operation will be described below.

[0069] The electrical network 5 is represented here in the form of a voltage network The network may be continuous, but alternatively, it may be an alternating voltage network supplying, for example, a nominal RMS voltage of 230V with a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Such an alternating voltage network can be single-phase or three-phase. Other voltages are possible, for example, a single-phase RMS voltage of 120V and a frequency of 60 Hz, a two-phase RMS voltage of 208V and a frequency of 60 Hz, or a three-phase voltage of 240V and a frequency of 60 Hz; this list is not exhaustive. If the network supplies alternating voltage, another inverter / rectifier (not shown) is provided between the network and the inverter / rectifier 21. This other inverter / rectifier provides, for example, a power factor correction function.

[0070] As can be seen in [Fig.1], a capacitor 15 can be arranged in parallel with the two switching arms 7. The latter has, for example, a capacitance between IpF and ImF, for example of lOpF.

[0071] Each arm 7 of the primary subcircuit 4 here comprises two controllable electronic switches 12, such as MOS, IGBT or bipolar transistors, or thyristors, arranged on either side of a midpoint 8. The two switches 12 of the same switching arm 7 are here controlled using the same duty cycle, one in opposition to the other with a dead time by the control unit 3.

[0072] The first arm 7 thus comprises two controllable electronic switches 12 and a first midpoint 8 to which a terminal of the primary inductive cell 10 is connected, and these two controllable electronic switches 12 are controlled according to a duty cycle ah

[0073] The second arm 7 thus comprises two controllable electronic switches 12 and a second midpoint 8 to which the other terminal of the primary inductive cell 10 is connected and these two controllable electronic switches 12 are controlled according to a duty cycle a2.

[0074] In the example considered, no physical component is interposed between the two midpoints 8 of the inverter / rectifier 21 and the primary inductive cell 10.

[0075] The primary inductive cell 10 can be formed by combining in series: an inductor for generating magnetic energy, and a capacitor, to form a resonant cell. The inductor has, for example, a value between 10H and 10MH and the capacitor has a capacitance between 10 nF and 1 mF. The inductor is, for example, made by winding a copper wire, other than Litz wire.

[0076] In the variant shown in Figures 1 and 2, the primary inductive cell 10 is formed by an inductance only. No physical capacitor is present; the presence of this capacitor in series with the inductance of the primary inductive cell 10 is emulated by the control of the switching arms 7 by the primary control unit 3 using the duty cycles ai and a2. Here again, the inductance is, for example, made by winding a copper wire.

[0077] We will now describe an example of a secondary subcircuit 6 with reference to [Fig. 1]. This secondary subcircuit 6 comprises:

[0078] - a secondary inductive cell 20 for contactless energy exchange with the primary inductive cell 10,

[0079] - a transformer 11 with ratio N, and

[0080] - an inverter / rectifier 23, capable of performing impedance matching equivalent on its alternating input, so as to vary this impedance independently of the impedance of the electrical energy storage unit 2. Up to a factor related to the square of the transformer ratio N, this impedance on the alternating input of the inverter / rectifier 23 has the same behavior as that at the terminals of the secondary inductive cell 20.

[0081] As can be seen in [Fig. 1], the transformer 11 comprises a primary winding 13 which, in the example considered, defines a loop with the secondary inductive cell 20. In other words, as can be seen in [Fig. 1], the sum:

[0082] - of the voltage across the terminals of the secondary inductive cell 10 in convention receiver, and

[0083] - of the voltage across the terminals of the primary winding 13 of the transformer 11 in convention receiver

[0084] is zero.

[0085] The inverter / rectifier 23 in the described example comprises two switching arms 24 arranged in parallel, each arm comprising two controllable electronic switches 12 arranged on either side of a midpoint 25.

[0086] The two switches 12 of the same switching arm 24 are here controlled using the same duty cycle, one in opposition to the other with a dead time by the control unit 3.

[0087] The first arm 24 thus comprises two controllable electronic switches 12 and a first midpoint 25 to which a terminal of the secondary winding 14 of the transformer 11 is connected and these two controllable electronic switches 12 are controlled according to a duty cycle a3.

[0088] The second arm 24 thus comprises two controllable electronic switches 12 and a second midpoint 25 to which the other terminal of the secondary winding 14 of the transformer 11 is connected and these two controllable electronic switches 12 are controlled according to a duty cycle a4.

[0089] The primary winding 13 and the secondary winding 14 of the transformer 11 are dimensioned so that the current flowing in the primary winding 13 is equal to 1 / N times the current flowing in the secondary winding 14, N being for example equal to 3.

[0090] In the example of [Fig. 1], the secondary inductive cell 20 is formed by the series connection of an inductor for recovering the magnetic energy from the primary inductive cell 10, and a capacitor, thus forming a resonant cell. In the example considered, the inductance has a value between ImH and 100mH and the capacitor has a capacitance between 100pF and 100mF. The inductance is, for example, made by winding a copper wire, other than Litz wire. As already mentioned, in the case of [Fig. 1], the primary inductive cell 10 could also be formed by the series connection of an inductor for generating magnetic energy, and a capacitor, thus forming a resonant cell.

[0091] In the variant shown in [Fig. 2], the secondary inductive cell 20 is formed by an inductance only. No physical capacitor is present; the presence of this capacitor in series with the inductance of the secondary inductive cell 20 is emulated by the control of the switching arms 24 by the primary control unit 3 using the duty cycles a3 and a4. Here again, the inductance is, for example, made by winding a copper wire.

[0092] Furthermore, the control unit 3 acts in the described example on the command of the inverter / rectifier 23 so as to vary the equivalent impedance RRef across the AC input terminals, defined between the two midpoints 25 of the switching arms 24, independently of the impedance on the DC output of this inverter / rectifier 23.

[0093] The equivalent impedance RRef is represented by the ratio V / I where V is the voltage between the two midpoints 25, and I is the intensity of the current flowing in the secondary winding 14 of the transformer 11.

[0094] RRef, for example, has a value between 0.1 Q and 20 Q, in particular between 5 Q and 15 Q. For a given charging configuration, this configuration being determined in particular by at least one of the following: the position of the secondary sub-circuit 6 relative to the primary sub-circuit 4 and / or the power level to be transmitted and / or the voltage across the terminals of the electrical energy storage unit 2, RRef may have a fixed value, and this value is, for example, within the aforementioned range. From one charging configuration to another, for example in the case of a greater distance between the primary sub-circuit 4 and the secondary sub-circuit 6 and / or to take into account the aging of the system, the value of RRef may be modified, remaining in particular within the aforementioned range.

[0095] The inverter / rectifier 23 of [Fig. 1] is, for example, controlled as follows by the control unit 3, to perform impedance matching on the AC input of the inverter / rectifier 23:

[0096] - one of the two switching arms 24 switches at the energy frequency electrical current exchanged without contact via inductive coupling and with a duty cycle a3 of 50%, and

[0097] - the other of the two switching arms 24 switches at a frequency higher than that of the electrical energy exchanged without contact, for example at least 5 times or 10 times this frequency of the electrical energy exchanged without contact, and with a duty cycle a4 modulated according to the alternating current flowing in the secondary inductive cell 20 and according to the voltage across the terminals of the alternating input of the inverter / rectifier 23.

[0098] One of the controllable switches 12 of the switching arm 24 which switches at a frequency higher than that of the electrical energy exchanged without contact is for example controlled according to the duty cycle a4 while the other controllable switch of this arm 24 is controlled according to a duty cycle 1- a4, and a4 is for example determined according to the equation below:

[0099] oc4=(Rref xlll ) / Vbatt

[0100] where Vbatt denotes the voltage across the terminals of the electrical energy storage unit 2.

[0101] The invention is not limited to the example just described.

[0102] Thus, although only one transformer 11 is shown in [Fig. 1], several transformers mounted in cascade between the secondary inductive cell 20 and the inverter / rectifier 23 can be provided.

[0103] Moreover, although only one control unit 3 is shown, other embodiments are possible, for example the possibility that one control unit is dedicated to the control of the primary sub-circuit 4 and that another control unit is dedicated to the control of the secondary sub-circuit 6.

Claims

Claims

1. Electrical power supply circuit (1) of an electrical energy storage unit (2), this electrical power supply circuit comprising: - a primary sub-circuit (4), capable of being connected to a voltage network (5), and - a secondary sub-circuit (6), capable of being connected to an electrical energy storage unit (2), the primary sub-circuit (4) and the secondary sub-circuit (6) being configured so as to exchange electrical energy without contact by inductive coupling, the secondary sub-circuit (6) comprising: - a secondary inductive cell for the exchange in contact by inductive coupling of electrical energy with the primary sub-circuit (4), - an inverter / rectifier (23) capable of carrying out an impedance adaptation of the impedance on the alternating input of this inverter / rectifier (23), independently of the impedance of the electrical energy storage unit (2), this inverter / rectifier (23) comprising at least two arms of switching (24),each switching arm comprising two controllable electronic switches arranged on either side of a midpoint (25), and - a transformer (11), having a primary winding (13) mounted with the secondary inductive cell (20) and at least one secondary winding (14) mounted between two midpoints (25) of the inverter / rectifier (23).,

2. A circuit according to claim 1, the inverter / rectifier (23) comprising exactly two switching arms (24), and the transformer (11) comprising a single secondary winding (14) mounted between the two midpoints (25) of the inverter / rectifier.

3. Circuit according to claim 1 or 2, the secondary inductive cell (20) being connected in series with the primary winding (13) of the transformer (11).

4. Circuit according to claim 3, the secondary inductive cell (20) and the primary winding (13) of the transformer (11) being the only electrical components of a mesh of the secondary sub-circuit (6).

5. Circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, the secondary inductive cell (20) being constituted by the series association of a capacitor and an inductance.

6. Circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the secondary inductive cell (20) being constituted by an inductance, the switching arms (24) of the inverter / rectifier (23) being controlled so that the voltage across the terminals of the primary winding (13) of the transformer emulates the presence of a capacitor connected in series with the secondary inductive cell (20).

7. A circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, the inverter / rectifier (23) comprising exactly two switching arms (24), one of these two arms being controlled to switch at the frequency of the electrical energy exchanged without contact by inductive coupling and with a duty cycle of 50%, and the other of these two arms (24) being controlled to switch at a frequency higher than that of said electrical energy and with a duty cycle modulated according to the alternating current flowing in the secondary winding (14) of the transformer and the voltage on the alternating input of this inverter / rectifier (23).

8. Circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, the primary sub-circuit (4) comprising: - a primary inductive cell (10) for contactless exchange by inductive coupling of electrical energy with the secondary inductive cell (20), and - an inverter / rectifier (21) comprising at least two switching arms (7), each switching arm (7) comprising two controllable electronic switches (12) arranged on either side of a midpoint (15).

9. Circuit according to claim 8, the primary inductive cell (10) being constituted by the series association of a capacitor and an inductance.

10. Circuit according to claim 8 or 9, the primary inductive cell (10) being constituted by an inductance, the switching arms (7) of the inverter / rectifier (21) of the primary sub-circuit (4) being controlled so that the voltage across the AC input of this inverter / rectifier (21) emulates the presence of a capacitor connected in series with the primary inductive cell (10).

11. Component for the electrical supply of an electrical energy storage unit (2), comprising the electrical circuit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, the component defining in particular a structure supporting rigidly coupled between them the primary sub-circuit (4) and the secondary sub-circuit (6).

12. Device for supplying electricity to an electrical energy storage unit (2), comprising: - the electrical circuit according to any one of claims! to 10, - a charging terminal for a hybrid or electric vehicle, in which the primary sub-circuit (4) of the electrical circuit (1) is arranged or to which the primary sub-circuit (4) is electrically connected, and - a component capable of being embedded in a hybrid or electric vehicle, in which the secondary sub-circuit (6) of the electrical circuit (1) is arranged.

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