Dental implant with enhanced osseointegration

Abstract

Title: Dental Implant with Enhanced Osseointegration The present invention relates to a dental implant comprising an anchoring body (1) and an implant neck (5) integral with the anchoring body (1) adapted to receive a prosthetic system, notable in that the implant neck (5) comprises at least a first portion, called the proximal portion (5a), adapted to be integral with the anchoring body (1), cylindrical in shape and having a machined surface finish; a second portion, called the distal portion (5b), cylindrical in shape and with a diameter greater than the diameter of the proximal portion (5a), having a machined surface finish; a first transition portion (5c) between the proximal portion (5a) and the distal portion (5b), frustoconical in shape, said first transition portion (5c) having a sandblasted surface finish, said transition portion (5c) extending above the anchoring body (1); and a head (5d) extending from the upper end of the distal portion (5b). Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Dental implant with improved osseointegration technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of implants and more particularly to dental implants used for the placement of one or more dental prostheses to replace one or more missing teeth in order to give the patient, partially or totally edentulous, a chewing function and / or oral comfort and / or a better aesthetic appearance and / or a better dental occlusion.

[0002] The invention relates more particularly to a dental implant adapted for post-extraction placement and / or for a patient with bone deficiency in ridge width with improved osseointegration. State of the art

[0003] It is well known that a dental implant usually consists of a main anchoring body called a socket, equipped with an external thread and an internal tapping, intended to take place in the maxilla and / or mandible previously drilled to receive the socket.

[0004] The external thread is advantageously self-tapping to allow screwing into the borehole of the jaw provided for this purpose, said thread having a diameter just greater than the diameter of the borehole.

[0005] The socket has at its so-called upper end, in contact with the oral environment after implantation, an implant neck suitable for receiving a prosthetic system, commonly called a false stump for the production of a sealed dental prosthesis, said false stump being secured to the implant by means of the threading of the socket, or a connector suitable for receiving a so-called screwed dental prosthesis.

[0006] There are several surgical procedures for placing dental implants, the two-stage surgical technique known as buried and the one-stage surgical technique known as non-buried.

[0007] Each of these techniques corresponds to a type of implant.

[0008] According to the so-called buried technique, the surgeon, after opening the patient's gum, prepares the drilling site, commonly called the implant bed, in the patient's maxilla or mandible. The surgeon then places the implant, which consists of a generally cylindrical socket, and closes the gum above the implant with sutures. This step of burying the implant under the gum constitutes a healing phase, lasting between 3 and 6 months, which allows the implant to integrate with the bone. After this 3- to 6-month period, a second surgical phase is necessary. The surgeon makes an incision in the gum above the The upper part of the implant is used to attach either a healing piece, a false abutment, or a connector for a screw-retained prosthesis. This healing phase prepares the gingival tissue contours. After healing, generally after 15 days to 1 month, the final prosthesis is placed either by cementing it onto the false abutment screwed to the upper end of the socket or by screwing it onto the connector designed for this purpose.

[0009] This surgical technique, and the implants adapted to this technique, have the disadvantage of requiring two surgical interventions and considerably increasing the time required to place the final dental prosthesis.

[0010] Moreover, a time for reconstruction of the jaws by bone grafting may be added to this time for the placement of the implant, a bone graft being necessary if the implantation area has insufficient bone volume.

[0011] In order to remedy this drawback, the placement of the implant can be done in a single surgical procedure using the so-called non-submerged technique.

[0012] In the so-called non-submerged technique, the surgeon places the implant, which consists of a generally cylindrical, conical, or cylindro-conical socket with a thread and an implant neck at its upper end, designed to receive the prosthetic system. The implant is placed either by opening the gum above the implantation site or by passing directly through the gum using the so-called transmucosal technique, then creating an implant well at the depth chosen according to the patient's bone volume. The length of the implant determines the depth of the implant well. In the case of implant placement by incision of the gum, the gum, after the implant is placed, is closed around the implant neck, which is attached to the body of the socket, with sutures (the so-called flap technique), the implant neck remaining in contact with the oral cavity.In the transmucosal implant placement technique, it is not necessary to suture the gingiva, which adapts perfectly around the implant neck in contact with the oral environment. The implant neck is closed with a cover screw during the bone and gingival healing phase. After this healing phase, which lasts between 3 and 6 months, the cover screw is removed to place the prosthetic system onto the implant neck. The prosthetic system is adapted to the type of prosthetic concept chosen by the surgeon, such as a cemented prosthesis on a post and core or a prosthesis screwed onto a suitable connector. It should be noted that the cover screw has a height adapted to the gingival height, usually between 1.5 mm and 2 mm.

[0013] Such implants are described for example in French patent applications FR 2 747 031, FR 2 747 032 and FR 2 709 660.

[0014] International patent application WO 2006 / 008346 is also known, describing a one-piece crown-root dental implant intended to replace a natural tooth in a single surgical and prosthetic procedure. This implant has a continuous and straight truncated conical intraosseous anchoring section and a cup-shaped intraoral section, from the base of which a coronal shaft rises. The space formed between the cup and the coronal shaft is capped so that this space is filled during osseointegration.

[0015] Similarly, European patent application EP 0 997 112 describes a set of dental implants comprising a threaded anchor body that is generally frustoconical and has a cup at its upper end intended to be inserted into the bone wall, extended by a hexagon, the space between the anchor body and the hexagon receiving a superstructure or a secondary component which bears on the external surface of the conical section of the annular groove.

[0016] This type of implant, incorporating such a cup, provides, through its partial burial in the bone and its diameter differential with the coronal shaft, maximum latitude for correcting the implant axis and allows for an anti-rotational locking "Morse cone effect" with the crown. However, this type of implant does not significantly improve bone retention after implantation.

[0017] We also know of document FR3010302A1 which describes a process for improving bone retention after implantation and, more specifically, the osseointegration of the implant. This document describes more precisely a process for manufacturing a dental implant device comprising at least one body including a step of depositing at least one layer of an amorphous material and a step of treating the surface of the body before and / or after the step of depositing the layer of amorphous material.

[0018] Although significantly improving the osseointegration of the implant, the osseointegration of this type of implant is not optimal.

[0019] There is therefore a need to improve the osseointegration of dental implants in particular. Disclosure of the invention

[0020] One of the aims of the invention is therefore to remedy all these disadvantages by proposing a dental implant of simple and inexpensive design allowing better osseointegration in particular.

[0021] To this end and in accordance with the invention, a dental implant is proposed comprising a central, so-called anchoring body of revolution, adapted to be implanted in a hole made in a patient's bone, and an implant neck integral with the anchoring body adapted to receive a prosthetic system; said dental implant is remarkable in that that the implant neck comprises at least a first part called proximal suitable for being joined to the anchor body of cylindrical shape and having a machined surface condition, a second part called distal of cylindrical shape and of diameter greater than the diameter of the proximal part, having a machined surface condition, a first transition part between the proximal part and the distal part of truncated conical shape, said first transition part having a sandblasted surface condition, said transition part extending above the anchor body, and a head extending to the upper end of the distal part.

[0022] It will be noted that the shape and the sandblasted surface condition of the transition part of the implant neck provides faster and more robust osseointegration than that of prior art implants.

[0023] Furthermore, the implant neck has a second transition zone between the distal part and the head, which has an anodized surface finish. This anodized surface finish of the second transition zone of the implant neck advantageously preserves the attachment of the soft tissues.

[0024] Furthermore, the anchoring body consists of a substantially conical sleeve having at least one thread.

[0025] Preferably, the socket has a straight wall between two successive threads.

[0026] Said walls of the socket extending between two successive threads of the socket are cylindrical and the cylinders forming the walls of the socket extending between two successive threads have a decreasing diameter from the basal end to the apical end of the socket.

[0027] Preferably, the anchoring body has a rough surface condition, said rough surface condition also improving osseointegration.

[0028] Said rough surface condition of the anchor body is obtained by sandblasting and / or sandblast etching and / or obtained by chemical treatment.

[0029] Incidentally, the line passing through the distal ends of the threads of the anchor body forms an angle with respect to the axis of revolution of the anchor body that is less than the angle of the outer wall of the sleeve with respect to said axis of revolution. Brief description of the drawings

[0030] Other advantages and features will become clearer from the following description of several embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples, of the dental implant according to the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0031] [Fig-1] is a side view of the dental implant according to the invention,

[0032] [Fig.2] is an exploded side view of the dental implant according to the invention,

[0033] [Fig.3] is an elevational view of the anchoring body of the following dental implant the invention,

[0034] [Fig.4] is an elevational view of the implant neck of the following dental implant the invention,

[0035] [Fig.5] is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a borehole drilled in a maxilla for the placement of a dental implant according to the invention,

[0036] [Fig.6] is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the introduction of the anchoring body of the dental implant according to the invention in the borehole by means of a suitable tool,

[0037] [Fig.7] is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the anchoring body of the dental implant according to the invention implemented at the bottom of the borehole,

[0038] [Fig.8] is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the placement of the implant collar on the anchoring body of the dental implant according to the invention,

[0039] [Fig.9] is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the osseointegration of the anchoring body and of the implant neck of the dental implant according to the invention in the borehole,

[0040] [Fig. 10] is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the dental implant in the borehole after osseointegration and soft tissue regeneration. [Fig. 1] illustrates a heating unit 1 according to the invention. Method of embodying the invention

[0041] In this particular example, we will describe a dental implant intended to be used for the placement of one or more dental prostheses to replace one or more missing teeth; however, it is quite clear that the method according to the invention can be applied to any dental implantology device such as a transfer ring, an implant carrier, a false stump and the various parts of a transfer system well known to those skilled in the art without going out of the scope of the invention.

[0042] In the remainder of the description of the manufacturing process for a dental implant according to the invention, the same numerical references designate the same elements. Furthermore, the different views are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0043] With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the dental implant according to the invention consists of a main body, referred to as the anchoring element 1, in the form of a generally conical socket 2 that flares out from its apical end. For clarity of description, this socket 2 is shown vertically and is intended to be placed in the maxilla and / or mandible, which has been previously drilled to receive said socket 2.

[0044] Said socket 2 has a thread 3 and, advantageously, a flat lower end 4 allowing its use in the surgical techniques of sinus floor elevation well known to the Man skilled in the art.

[0045] Incidentally, the sleeve 2 has a straight wall between two successive threads of the thread 3. Preferably, the walls of the sleeve 2 extending between two successive threads of the sleeve 2 are cylindrical. Said cylinders forming the walls of the sleeve 2 extending between two successive threads have a diameter decreasing from the basal end to the apical end of the sleeve 2.

[0046] It is quite obvious that the socket 2 may have between two successive threads of the thread 3 a trunconical inclined wall without going out of the scope of the invention.

[0047] Preferably, the anchor body 1, and more specifically the sleeve 2 and the thread 3, has a rough surface finish, said rough surface finish also improving osseointegration. Said rough surface finish of the anchor body 1 is obtained by sandblasting and / or sandblasting and / or by chemical treatment or any other process well known to those skilled in the art.

[0048] Advantageously, the line DI passing through the distal ends of the threads of the thread 3 of the anchor body 1 forms an angle with respect to the axis of revolution of the anchor body 1 that is less than the angle of the outer wall of the sleeve 2 with respect to said axis of revolution. This difference in angles thus gives the anchor body 1 a bi-conical cylindrical shape. Furthermore, the threads of the thread 3 form cutting and penetrating macroturns which, with varying depths due to the difference in angles, provide the anchor body 1 with excellent primary stability.

[0049] With reference to [Fig. 3], the socket 2 has a central blind hole 2a receiving a connector 2b, well known to those skilled in the art, capable of cooperating with a corresponding connector positioned at the distal free end of the implant neck, as will be detailed later. It should be noted that such an arrangement allows for the reduction of peri-implantitis, which occurs in 40% of cases with anterior art implants.

[0050] Furthermore, the implant includes an implant neck 5 which comprises at least a first part called proximal 5a suitable for being joined to the anchor body 1 of cylindrical shape and having a surface condition called machined, i.e. smooth, a second part called distal 5b of cylindrical shape and of diameter greater than the diameter of the proximal part, having a machined surface condition, a first transition part 5c between the proximal part 5a and the distal part 5b of frustoconical shape, said first transition part 5c having a sandblasted surface condition, i.e. a rough surface condition, said transition part 5c extending above the anchor body 1, and a head 5d extending to the upper end of the distal part 5b.

[0051] It should be noted that the shape and sandblasted surface finish of the transition portion 5c of the implant neck 5 provides faster and more robust osseointegration than that of the anterior art implants. Preferably, the total roughness (Rt) of the surface of the anchor body is between 1 and 2 microns.

[0052] Furthermore, the implant neck 5 comprises a second transition zone 5e between the distal portion 5b and the head 5d, which has an anodized surface finish. This anodized surface finish of the second transition zone 5e of the implant neck advantageously preserves the attachment of the soft tissues.

[0053] Incidentally, the implant neck 5 can be angled to compensate for the axis defect of the anchor body 1.

[0054] Furthermore, it goes without saying that the anchoring body 1 and the implant neck 5 can be obtained in one piece, i.e. monobloc, without going out of the scope of the invention.

[0055] The lower free end of the distal part 5a of the implant neck has an additional connector 6 well known to those skilled in the art, suitable for cooperating with the connector 2b of the blind hole 2a of the sleeve 2. It should also be noted that the implant neck 5 has a through hole 7 for the passage of the fixing screws 8 of the implant neck 5 on the sleeve 2 and / or of the final prosthesis on the head 5d.

[0056] The placement of an implant according to the invention will now be explained with reference to figures 5 to 10.

[0057] With reference to [Fig.5], the gingiva 10 is opened above the implantation area by passing directly through the gingiva using the so-called transmucosal technique and then an implant well 11 is made at the depth chosen according to the patient's bone volume, the length of the implant determining the depth of said implant well 11.

[0058] The surgeon then places the anchoring body 1, with reference to [Fig. 6], consisting of the sleeve 2, using a suitable tool 12, in the implant well 11 until said sleeve 2 reaches the bottom of said implant well ([Fig. 7]). Then, with reference to [Fig. 8], the surgeon secures the implant neck 5 to the sleeve 2 so that the head is at the level of the soft tissues. In this regard, it is clear that the height of the implant neck will depend on the patient's anatomy, and more particularly on the height of the patient's soft tissues, but also on the depth of the implant well 11. With reference to [Fig.[9] Osseointegration begins from exudates and bone microparticles until the implant is fully osseointegrated, generally after 15 days to 1 month, then the final prosthesis is put in place either by sealing onto the false stump screwed to the upper end of the 5d head or by screwing onto the connector provided for this purpose.

[0059] In this regard, it is understood that the 5D head will be able to include any type of suitable connector well known to those skilled in the art, such as a connector internal hexagonal, external hexagonal, internal conical, external conical, external Morse taper, three or six internal lobes, etc.

[0060] It will also be noted that the surgeon will be able to choose from several anchoring bodies, with different diameters and lengths, for example 10 different models, and several implant necks, with different lengths and diameters, for example 6 different models, i.e. 60 possible combinations, depending on the patient's anatomy.

[0061] Finally, it is quite clear that the examples just given are only particular illustrations and in no way limiting as to the field of application of the invention.

Claims

Demands

1. A dental implant comprising a central, or anchoring, body (1) of revolution adapted to be implanted in a hole drilled in a patient's bone, and an implant neck (5) integral with the anchoring body (1) adapted to receive a prosthetic system, characterized in that the implant neck (5) comprises at least a first, or proximal, portion (5a) of cylindrical shape adapted to be joined to the anchoring body (1) and having a machined surface finish, a second, or distal, portion (5b) of cylindrical shape with a diameter greater than the diameter of the proximal portion (5a), having a machined surface finish, a first, frustoconical, transition portion (5c) between the proximal portion (5a) and the distal portion (5b), said first transition portion (5c) having a sandblasted surface finish, said transition portion (5c) extending above the anchoring body (1), and a head (5d) extending to the upper end of the distal part (5b).

2. Dental implant according to claim 1 characterized in that the implant neck (5) has a second transition zone (5e) between the distal part (5b) and the head (5d) which has an anodized surface condition suitable for preserving the attachment of soft tissues.

3. Dental implant according to any one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that the anchoring body (1) consists of a substantially conical sleeve (2) and having at least one thread (3).

4. Dental implant according to claim 3 characterized in that the sleeve (2) has between two successive threads of the thread (3) a straight wall.

5. Dental implant according to claim 4 characterized in that the walls of the sleeve (2) extending between two successive threads of the thread (3) of the sleeve (2) are cylindrical.

6. Dental implant according to claim 5 characterized in that the cylinders forming the walls of the sleeve (2) extending between two successive threads have a decreasing diameter from the basal end to the apical end of the sleeve (2).

7. Dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the anchoring body (1) has a rough surface condition.

8. Dental implant according to claim 7 characterized in that the total roughness (Rt) of the surface of the anchor body (1) is between 1 and 2 microns.

9. Dental implant according to any one of claims 7 or 8 characterized in that the rough surface condition of the anchor body (1) is obtained by sandblasting and / or sandblasting etching.

10. Dental implant according to any one of claims 7 to 9 characterized in that the rough surface condition of the anchor body (1) is obtained by a chemical treatment.

11. Dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 10 characterized in that the straight line passing through the distal ends of the threads of the thread (3) of the anchor body (1) forms an angle with respect to the axis of revolution of the anchor body (1) less than the angle of the outer wall of the sleeve (2) with respect to said axis of revolution.

12. Dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 11 characterized in that the anchoring body (1) and the implant neck (5) are obtained as a single piece.