Bulk material distribution device

Abstract

Device (1) for dispensing a powdery or granular material (2) into a container (3), said device (1) comprising: a hopper (4) intended to receive said material (2), a dispensing conduit (5) for said material (2) comprising a first end (51) connected to said hopper (4) and a second end (52) comprising an opening (6) intended to be opposite said container (3), a conveying means (7a, 7b) for said material (2) from said hopper (4) to said container (3), characterized in that it comprises a deformable closing means (8a, 8b) of said opening (6), located at least partly in said dispensing conduit (5) and capable of adopting: a closed position preventing the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6), and an open position allowing the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6).

Description

Title of the invention: Device for distributing bulk material FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The technical field of the present invention is that of devices for dispensing powdery or granular materials from a hopper to a container. More particularly, the invention relates to a device for dispensing powdery or granular materials comprising a deformable closure means making it possible to authorize or prohibit the dispensing of the powdery or granular material into the container. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] In the bulk material bagging industry, several bagging devices are already known in the state of the art. These devices have the function of filling bags or other containers with materials, in particular granular and powdery materials.

[0003] These distribution devices generally comprise a conduit for filling a container with material initially placed inside a hopper. Before depositing the material in the container, it is necessary to weigh it and contain this quantity of material in an intermediate space.

[0004] To do this, the dose of material to be distributed into a hopper can be predetermined. It is also possible to insert an endless screw which takes the material from the hopper as the screw turns.

[0005] Thus, gravity distribution devices are known which exploit the gravitational force to convey the material from an upper feed point to a lower distribution point. However, during the gravity fall of the material, a dispersion of particles is often observed, generating a cloud of dust which can pollute the work environment and pose health problems. This cloud is sometimes explosive, depending on the size of the particles in the cloud, and spreads throughout the distribution device, resulting in additional cleaning of the device. It is therefore impossible to clean the distribution device effectively. In most cases, the device is not cleaned due to the difficulty that this represents. We then end up with products contaminated by traces of previously distributed products.

[0006] Feeding systems using augers that move material along a helical axis are also known. However, these auger systems are structurally complex and present challenges for maintenance and cleaning. The gaps and confined areas inherent in this type of design can trap residual material, causing problems

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[0013] hygiene and complicates the cleaning process. In addition, the material, especially powdery material, tends to flow along the screw even when there is no rotary movement. The material then continually comes out of the distribution device and contaminates the external environment. In addition, when using a worm screw, the material forms agglomerates, accentuating the generation of a cloud of dust when it falls into the container. There is therefore a need for devices for dispensing powdery or granular materials that are easy to clean and limit dust emissions. Description of the invention The invention therefore relates to a device for dispensing a powdery or granular material into a container, said device comprising: - a hopper intended to receive said material, - a distribution conduit for said material comprising a first end connected to said hopper and a second end comprising an opening intended to be opposite said container, - a means of conveying said material from said hopper to said container, said dispensing device comprises a deformable means for closing said opening, located at least partly in said dispensing conduit and capable of adopting: - a closed position preventing the passage of said material through said opening, and - an open position allowing the passage of said material through said opening. Advantageously, the deformable closure means is elastically deformable and has an internal volume which varies during the passage of the deformable closure means from the open position to the closed position and during the passage of the deformable closure means from the closed position to the open position. According to a first embodiment of the invention, the deformable closure means is represented by an inflatable valve capable of adopting: - a closed position in which said opening is in a sealed state preventing the passage of said material through said opening, and - an open position in which said opening is in a clear state allowing the passage of said material through said opening. Advantageously, the inflatable valve moves from the closed position to the open position and from the open position to the closed position by means of a pneumatic or hydraulic system making it possible, on the one hand, to introduce a fluid into said inflatable valve and, on the other hand, to extract a fluid from said inflatable valve.

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[0024] Advantageously, the distribution device according to the first embodiment of the invention comprises a shut-off valve, arranged between said hopper and said distribution conduit and making it possible to prohibit or authorize the passage of material from said hopper to the distribution conduit. Advantageously, the means of conveying said material is gravitational force. According to a second embodiment of the invention, the deformable sealing means is represented by a bellows capable of adopting: - a closed position in which said opening is in a sealed state preventing the passage of said material through said opening, and - an open position in which said opening is in a clear state allowing the passage of said material through said opening. Advantageously, the bellows includes: - an upper base opposite said distribution conduit, - a lower base opposite said upper base and intended to be in regard to said container, and - a deformable membrane connecting said upper base and said lower base, said upper base having a first area less than a second area of ​​said lower base, said lower base being movable in translation relative to said upper base. Advantageously, the bellows moves from the closed position to the open position, and from the open position to the closed position by means of an elastic, pneumatic or hydraulic system making it possible, on the one hand, to increase the distance between said upper base and said lower base and, on the other hand, to reduce the distance between said upper base and said lower base. Advantageously, the elastic system is represented by a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric piston. Advantageously, the bellows comprises flexing zones capable of allowing the bellows to deform when moving from the open position to the closed position and when moving from the closed position to the open position. Advantageously, the means for conveying said material is an endless screw arranged in said distribution conduit and said hopper and extending from said hopper to said bellows. According to another embodiment of the invention, the dispensing device comprises a means for determining the mass of the material introduced into the container. According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the dispensing device includes an agitator of said material in the hopper.

[0025] A very first advantage of the present invention lies in the simple design of the dispensing device.

[0026] Another advantage of the present invention lies in the ease of cleaning the dispensing device.

[0027] Yet another advantage lies in the control of the distribution rate of the material by the distribution device.

[0028] Yet another advantage of the present invention lies in the reduction of dust emissions in the external and internal environment of the dispensing device.

[0029] Another advantage of the present invention lies in the ease of maintenance of the dispensing device. Brief description of the drawings

[0030] Other characteristics, advantages and details of the invention will be better understood on reading the additional description which follows in relation to the drawings in which:

[0031] [Fig.l] represents the dispensing device according to a first embodiment of the invention and in which the deformable closure means is in the closed position,

[0032] [Fig.2] represents the dispensing device according to a first embodiment of the invention and in which the deformable closure means is in the open position,

[0033] [Fig.3] represents the dispensing device according to a second embodiment of the invention and in which the deformable closure means is in the closed position,

[0034] [Fig.4] represents an enlarged view of the deformable closure means in the closed position according to the second embodiment of the invention,

[0035] [Fig.5] represents the dispensing device according to a second embodiment of the invention and in which the deformable closure means is in the open position, and

[0036] [Fig.6] represents an enlarged view of the deformable closure means in the open position according to the second embodiment of the invention.

[0037] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0038] In the context of the present invention, the term "powdery or granular material" means a material or substance composed of small, distinct particles, either fine and dusty, or coarser and grain-like. Without this being limited to the embodiments of the invention, a material is considered to be powdery when it is composed of particles with a diameter of less than 75 μm. Similarly, a material is considered to be granular when it is composed of particles with a diameter between 75 pm and 10 mm. The material according to the invention may be of mineral, fungal, vegetable, synthetic or animal origin.

[0039] In the context of the present invention, the term "conveying means" means a mechanical or natural means for transporting the material from the hopper to the opening of the distribution conduit, via the distribution conduit.

[0040] In the context of the present invention, the term "sealing means" means a system or set of components making it possible to reversibly seal an opening.

[0041] In the context of the present invention, the term "deformable" means the ability of a structure to change shape in response to a force or stress applied to the structure. The term "deformable" according to the invention particularly refers to elastic deformation, where the structure returns to its original shape when the force or stress is no longer applied. Similarly, the term "deformable" means the ability of the structure to have its internal volume decrease or increase. Thus, the deformable sealing means according to the invention has a material and / or specific zones capable of allowing its elastic deformation, the increase and decrease of its internal volume.

[0042] In the context of the present invention, the term “internal volume” means the volume delimited by the walls of a structure.

[0043] In the context of the present invention, the term "container" means a structure designed to accommodate, store or transport a material, such as a powdery or granular material. The container according to the invention may have various shapes, including, but not limited to, cylindrical, cubic, spherical, conical or prismatic. The container may also be equipped with additional means to facilitate the filling, emptying, sealing or handling of the stored material. The dispensing device makes it possible to fill any type of container with material, regardless of its capacity. For example, the container is a bag, a box, a drum, a bottle, a can.

[0044] In the context of the present invention, the term "closed position" means the configurational state of a structure, in which the structure obstructs an opening, thus preventing the passage of a material such as a powdery or granular material through the opening. When the structure is in the closed position, the opening is in an obstructed state thus preventing the passage of a material such as a powdery or granular material through the opening. The closed position of the structure may be the result of a mechanical action, manual or automated, on the structure. The closed position is reversible, allowing the structure to return to an open position in which the opening is clear.

[0045] In the context of the present invention, the term "open position" means the confi- structure of a structure, in which the structure does not obstruct an opening, thereby allowing the passage through the opening of a material such as a powdery or granular material. When the structure is in the open position, the opening is in a clear state thereby allowing the passage through the opening of a material such as a powdery or granular material. The open position of the structure may be the result of mechanical action, manual or automated, on the structure. The open position is reversible, allowing the structure to return to the closed position in which the opening is obstructed.

[0046] In the context of the present invention, the term "watertight" means the capacity of a material or structure to prevent the passage of air, fluids, gas or any other substance.

[0047] In the context of the present invention, the term "bellows" means a flexible structure that can expand or contract in response to differential movements, while maintaining its integrity. For example, the bellows includes flex zones allowing its elastic deformation. The bellows may have a general cylindrical, frustoconical, conical, rectangular or square shape. The different shapes can be combined to form a bellows meeting a specific need. The bellows may be made of metal, plastic or other material, depending on the specific requirements related to its use.

[0048] In the context of the present invention, the term "inflatable valve" means a valve comprising a deformable elastic envelope which adopts an inflated state when the pressure inside the envelope increases. When the pressure inside the envelope is released, the envelope returns to its deflated state.

[0049] In the context of the present invention, "gravitational force" means the natural force that pulls objects towards the center of the Earth. When used to convey matter, this force causes the matter to fall or move downwards, following the most direct path towards the center of the Earth. According to one embodiment of the invention, the conveying means is represented by the gravitational force in the sense that it uses gravity to move the matter from a higher height to a lower height.

[0050] The dispensing device according to the invention will now be described in relation to the figures.

[0051] As described above, the invention relates to a device 1 for dispensing a powdery or granular material 2. The device 1 is particularly suitable for dispensing a powdery or granular material 2 into a container 3.

[0052] The powdery or granular material 2 is for example a material 2 of mineral, fungal, vegetable, synthetic or animal origin. Preferably, the material 2 is intended for the food industry, for example for human or animal consumption. animal. Material 2 may also be intended for use in the pharmaceutical or cosmetic field.

[0053] The container 3 makes it possible to collect the material 2 distributed by the distribution device 1. The container 3 can be represented by any system making it possible to contain the material 2.

[0054] The dispensing device 1 comprises a hopper 4 intended to receive the material 2. The hopper 4 represents the entry point of the material 2 into the dispensing device 1. The material 2 can be directly dispensed into the container 3 following its introduction into the hopper 4 or stored in the hopper 4 for subsequent dispensing.

[0055] The hopper 4 delimits a closed or possibly open space, for example at its upper end 4L. In the case where the hopper 4 delimits a closed space, it comprises an inlet allowing the introduction of the material 2 into the hopper 4. When the hopper 4 delimits a closed space, it may comprise a cover 43 allowing the hopper 4 to be closed. When the hopper 4 delimits a closed space and the material 2 is stored in the hopper 4 for subsequent distribution, it is preferable to provide an agitator for said material 2 in the hopper 4 and / or an aeration system for the hopper 4 so as to avoid the degradation of the material 2.

[0056] The material constituting the hopper 4, or at least constituting its surface in contact with the material 2, preferably has a smooth surface making it possible to avoid agglomerates of material 2 in the hopper 4. The hopper 4 is preferably composed of a metallic material such as aluminum or steel, an elastomer, a synthetic material and / or a plastic material.

[0057] The hopper 4 comprises an upper end 41 and a lower end 42 connected to a distribution conduit 5. For example, the hopper 4 is in the form of a funnel whose cross-sectional area decreases from the upper end 41 towards the lower end 42.

[0058] The distribution conduit 5 makes it possible to guide the material 2 from the hopper 4 to the container 3. The distribution conduit 5 comprises a first end 51 connected to the hopper 4, for example at the lower end 42 of the hopper 4. The distribution conduit 5 comprises a second end 52 open and intended to be opposite the container 3. In addition, the second end 52 comprises an opening 6 intended to be opposite the container 3.

[0059] The distribution conduit 5 may be in any form that makes it easier to guide the material 2 and / or to distribute the material 2 in the container 3. Preferably, the distribution conduit 5 is in the form of a hollow tube having a constant cross-sectional area.

[0060] Preferably, the distribution conduit 5 has a second end 52 arranged so as to be able to be inserted into the container 3. This makes it possible to position the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5 close to the bottom 31 of the container 3 and thus limit dust emissions.

[0061] The distribution conduit 5 is preferably arranged coaxially with the container 3.

[0062] The material constituting the distribution conduit 5, or at least constituting its surface in contact with the material 2, preferably has a smooth surface making it possible to avoid agglomerates of material 2 in the distribution conduit 5. The distribution conduit 5 is preferably rigid. The distribution conduit 5 is for example composed of metal and / or plastic material.

[0063] The dispensing device 1 also comprises a conveying means 7a, 7b for conveying material 2 from said hopper 4 to said container 3. The conveying means 7a, 7b allows the material 2 to pass from the hopper 4 to the dispensing conduit 5. The conveying means 7a, 7b allows the material 2 to pass from the dispensing conduit 5 to the opening 6 of the dispensing conduit 5.

[0064] The opening 6 is located at the second end 52 of the dispensing conduit 5. Furthermore, the opening 6 constitutes the second open end 52 of the dispensing conduit 5. During normal use of the dispensing device 1, the opening 6 represents the exit point of the material 2 from the dispensing device 1.

[0065] The dispensing device 1 also comprises a deformable means 8a, 8b for closing the opening 6. The deformable means 8a, 8b is located at least partly in said dispensing conduit 5.

[0066] The deformable closure means 8a, 8b is capable of adopting a closed position preventing the passage of said material 2 through said opening 6. Furthermore, the closure means 8a, 8b in the closed position makes it possible to completely close the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5, thus preventing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6.

[0067] The deformable closure means 8a, 8b is also capable of adopting an open position allowing the passage of said material 2 through said opening 6. Furthermore, the closure means 8a, 8b in the open position allows the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5 to be partially or completely cleared, thus allowing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6.

[0068] The deformable closure means 8a, 8b is elastically deformable. Furthermore, the deformable closure means 8a, 8b has an internal volume V that can vary. The variation of the internal volume V allows the deformable closure means 8a, 8b to move from the closed position to the open position and from the open position to the closed position.

[0069] According to one embodiment of the invention, a mechanical, electronic system, at automatic or manual system allows the internal volume V of the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b to be varied. For example, a pneumatic, hydraulic or elastic system is used to vary the internal volume V of the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b.

[0070] When moving from the open position to the closed position and when moving from the closed position to the open position, the deformable closure means 8a, 8b retains its integrity.

[0071] The deformable closure means 8a, 8b is preferably made of a material allowing its deformation and in particular its elastic deformation. The material constituting the deformable closure means 8a, 8b is preferably a material having good tensile strength and shear strength. In addition, the material has sufficient strength to maintain the integrity of the deformable closure means 8a, 8b during variations in the internal volume V of the deformable closure means 8a, 8b. The material constituting the deformable closure means 8a, 8b, or at least constituting its surface in contact with the material 2, preferably has a smooth surface making it possible to avoid agglomerates of material 2 on the deformable closure means 8a, 8b. For example, the deformable closure means 8a, 8b comprises a synthetic or natural material.

[0072] The deformable sealing means 8a, 8b makes it possible to control the distribution of the material 2 in the container 3 by preventing or allowing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5.

[0073] The deformable closure means 8a, 8b is located close to the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5 so as to reduce the height of fall of the material 2 into the container 3. Furthermore, the deformable closure means 8a, 8b makes it possible to avoid the formation of a cloud of dust during the distribution of the material 2.

[0074] The particular design of the deformable closure means 8a, 8b also makes it possible to control the distribution flow rate of the material 2. Indeed, the precise control of the internal volume V makes it possible to control the surface area cleared between the deformable closure means 8a, 8b and the opening 6. Thus, between the open and closed position of the deformable closure means 8a, 8b, it is possible to provide intermediate open positions allowing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6 at different flow rates. It is therefore possible to adapt the distribution flow rate according to the type of material 2 distributed and thus reduce the risks of dust clouds appearing.

[0075] The material 2 is initially introduced into the hopper 4 of the distribution device 1, the deformable closure means 8a, 8b being in the closed position. This prevents the creation of a cloud of dust outside the device 1 by preventing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6. The deformable closure means 8a, 8b is then placed in the open position, which allows the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6. The container 3 intended to receive the material 2 is placed under the opening 6. Preferably, the container 3 is arranged so that the opening 6 is close to the bottom 31 of the container 3. The material 2 then falls into the container 3 from a drop height equal to the distance between the bottom 31 of the container 3 and the opening 6. The drop height of the material 2 into the container 3 is then such that it does not allow the generation of a cloud of dust composed of particles of distributed material 2.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the invention not represented by a figure, the distribution device 1 comprises a means making it possible, depending on the level of material 2 in the container 3, to lower the container 3 and / or to raise the distribution conduit 5 so that the height of fall of the material 2 in the container 3 is constant throughout the distribution of the material 2. The height of fall of the material 2 in the container 3 is then such that it does not allow the generation of a cloud of dust composed of particles of distributed material 2.

[0077] [Fig.l] represents the distribution device 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention in which the deformable closure means is represented by an inflatable valve 8a. Material 2 is arranged in the distribution device 1, occupying the space defined by the hopper 4, the distribution conduit 5 and the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position.

[0078] The inflatable valve 8a is in the closed position in that it closes the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5, thus preventing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6. The inflatable valve 8a in the closed position occupies a volume in the distribution conduit 5 blocking the material 2 in the distribution conduit 5.

[0079] The inflatable valve 8a is furthermore constituted by a deformable membrane 81a delimiting a closed internal space. Preferably, the deformable membrane 81a is a sealed membrane so as to avoid contamination of the material 2. In the closed position, the deformable membrane 81a of the inflatable valve 8a is in contact with the internal wall of the distribution conduit 5.

[0080] The inflatable valve 8a is generally ovoid in shape in the closed position. However, the shape of the inflatable valve 8a may vary depending on the shape of the distribution conduit 5. Furthermore, the shape of the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position is complementary to the shape of the distribution conduit 5.

[0081] A fluid is disposed in the internal space of the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position, applying a predetermined force to maintain the deformable membrane 81a in contact with the internal wall of the distribution conduit 5 and thus close the opening 6. The fluid may be a gas or a liquid. A gas is preferred, since it presents less risk of contamination of the material 2 in the event of perforation of the deformable membrane 81a of the inflatable valve 8a.

[0082] In the closed position, the inflatable valve 8a contains a quantity of fluid such that the area of ​​the largest cross-section of the inflatable valve 8a is equal to the area of ​​the cross-section of the distribution conduit 5.

[0083] The inflatable valve 8a is arranged entirely in the distribution conduit 5, at the end 52. Arranging the inflatable valve 8a entirely in the distribution conduit 5 makes it possible to limit the size of the distribution device 1.

[0084] The inflatable valve 8a is arranged near the opening 6 so as to limit the height of fall of the material 2 into the container 3.

[0085] The conveying means according to the first embodiment is represented by the gravitational force (represented by the arrow 7a).

[0086] A pneumatic or hydraulic system 9a makes it possible to introduce a fluid into the inflatable valve 8a so as to increase its internal volume V, thus allowing the inflatable valve 8a to move from the open position to the closed position. In addition, the pressure in the internal space of the inflatable valve 8a increases when the inflatable valve 8a moves from the open position to the closed position.

[0087] The pneumatic or hydraulic system 9a also makes it possible to extract the fluid from the inflatable valve 8a so as to reduce its internal volume V, thus allowing the inflatable valve 8a to move from the closed position to the open position. In addition, the pressure in the internal space of the inflatable valve 8a decreases when the inflatable valve 8a moves from the closed position to the open position.

[0088] The pneumatic or hydraulic system 9a comprises a pipe arranged in the distribution conduit 5, connected on the one hand to the inflatable valve 8a and, on the other hand, to a pneumatic or hydraulic means located outside the distribution device 1 (not shown in a figure).

[0089] The inflatable valve 8a is made of a material allowing its elastic deformation.

[0090] [Fig.2] represents the distribution device 1 according to the first embodiment of the invention in which the deformable closure means is represented by an inflatable valve 8a.

[0091] The inflatable valve 8a is in the open position in that it leaves the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5 clear, thus allowing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6 and therefore the distribution of the material 2 into the container 3.

[0092] The inflatable valve 8a in the open position occupies a volume in the distribution conduit 5 allowing the passage of the material 2 in the distribution conduit 5. Furthermore, the membrane 81a of the inflatable valve 8a in the open position is not in contact with the internal wall of the distribution conduit 5. The inflatable valve 8a in the open position has an internal volume V less than the internal volume V of the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position.

[0093] The inflatable valve 8a in the open position delimits with the distribution conduit 5 a free space allowing the passage of the material 2 in the distribution conduit 5 and in the opening 6.

[0094] In the open position, the inflatable valve 8a contains a quantity of fluid such that the area of ​​the largest cross-section of the inflatable valve 8a is less than the area of ​​the cross-section of the distribution conduit 5.

[0095] It is possible to control the quantity of fluid present in the inflatable valve 8a and therefore its internal volume V. Thus, controlling the internal volume V of the inflatable valve 8a makes it possible to define intermediate open positions in which the free space delimited by the inflatable valve 8a in the open position and the distribution conduit 5 is between a minimum value not included and a maximum value.

[0096] The minimum value corresponds to the absence of space between the inflatable valve 8a and the distribution conduit 5, the inflatable valve 8a being in the closed position.

[0097] The maximum value corresponds to the maximum possible space between the inflatable valve 8a and the distribution conduit 5, the inflatable valve 8a being devoid of fluid or having a minimum internal volume V.

[0098] The intermediate open positions correspond to positions of the inflatable valve 8a comprising a variable quantity of fluid and therefore a variable largest cross-sectional area. Furthermore, the quantity of fluid in the inflatable valve 8a makes it possible to define the largest cross-sectional area of ​​the inflatable valve 8a.

[0099] The intermediate open positions do not block the opening 6 in that they allow the passage of the material 2. The intermediate open positions make it possible to regulate the distribution flow rate of the material 2 in that they define different free spaces of different sizes.

[0100] The first embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2 has the advantage of not having moving parts in contact with the powdery or granular material 2, thus limiting the mechanical problems of jamming, friction, wear and contamination of the material 2 due to fine particles arising from the friction of the moving parts. This facilitates maintenance of the distribution device 1 and allows optimal cleaning while avoiding contamination of the material 2.

[0101] According to the first embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2, the distribution device 1 comprises an optional shut-off valve 10. The shut-off valve 10 is arranged between the hopper 4 and the distribution conduit 5 and makes it possible to prohibit or authorize the passage of the material 2 from the hopper 4 to the distribution conduit 5.

[0102] The shut-off valve 10 is capable of adopting: - a closed position preventing the passage of material 2 from hopper 4 to distribution conduit 5, and - an open position allowing the passage of material 2 from hopper 4 to distribution conduit 5

[0103] This embodiment makes it possible to segment the distribution device 1 so as to reduce the risk of a cloud of dust appearing inside and outside the distribution device 1. The shut-off valve 10 also makes it possible to increase the rate of distribution of the material 2.

[0104] Thus a method of distributing the material 2 according to a first embodiment can contain the following steps: 1. supply of a powdery or granular material, 2. provision of a distribution device 1 according to the first embodiment, 3. provision of a container 3 arranged opposite the opening 6, 4. closing the inflatable valve 8a so as to seal the opening 6, 5. introduction into hopper 4 of material 2 which is directed by gravity to the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position, and 6. opening of the inflatable valve 8a so as to distribute the material 2 into the container 3.

[0105] The material 2 is distributed outside the distribution device 1 by a height equal to the distance between the opening 6 and the bottom 31 of the container 3. This makes it possible to avoid dust emissions outside the distribution device 1.

[0106] When the dispensing device 1 according to the first embodiment comprises the shut-off valve 10, the method for dispensing the material 2 according to the first embodiment may comprise the following steps: 1. supply of a predetermined quantity of powdery or granular material, 2. provision of a distribution device 1 according to the first embodiment, 3. provision of a container 3 arranged opposite the opening 6, 4. closing of the shut-off valve 10 and opening of the inflatable valve 8a, 5. introduction into hopper 4 of material 2 which is directed by gravity to the shut-off valve 10 in the closed position, 6. closing of the inflatable valve 8a, 7. opening of the shut-off valve 10 so that the material 2 flows through gravity to the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position, 8. opening of the inflatable valve 8a so as to distribute the material 2 in the containing 3, and 9. closing the shut-off valve 10.

[0107] This embodiment of the invention makes it possible to reduce the height of fall of the material 2 in the distribution device 1, limiting the generation of dust and the risk of formation of agglomerates of material 2 in the distribution device 1.

[0108] The closing of the shut-off valve 10 is carried out as soon as the level of material 2 in the distribution device 1 has exceeded the shut-off valve 10. This makes it possible to start filling the hopper 4 with material 2 and thus gain in speed for distributing the material 2 into the next container 3. Thus, as soon as the previous container 3 is full, the inflatable valve 8a is closed and the shut-off valve 10 is opened. The next container 3 is then placed opposite the opening 6 and the inflatable valve 8a is opened.

[0109] Figures 3 and 4 represent the distribution device 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention in which the deformable closure means is represented by a bellows 8b. Material 2 (not shown in Figures 3 and 4) is arranged in the distribution device 1, occupying the space defined by the hopper 4, the distribution conduit 5 and the bellows 8b in the closed position.

[0110] The bellows 8b is in the closed position in that it closes the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5, thus preventing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6. The bellows 8b in the closed position occupies a volume in the distribution conduit 5 blocking the material 2 in the distribution conduit 5.

[0111] The bellows 8b further consists of an upper base 81b, a lower base 82b and a deformable membrane 83b connecting the upper base 81b and the lower base 82b. The upper base 81b, the lower base 82b and the deformable membrane 83b delimit an enclosed space. Preferably, the deformable membrane 83b of the bellows 8b is sealed so as to avoid contamination of the material 2.

[0112] The upper base 81b is arranged in the distribution duct 5, at the second end 52. Furthermore, the upper base 81b is not in contact with the internal wall of the distribution duct 5. The upper base 81b has an area smaller than the area of ​​the cross-section of the distribution duct 5. Preferably, the upper base 81b is non-deformable under normal conditions of use of the distribution device 1. The upper base 81b is for example made of a metallic or plastic material. Furthermore, the upper base 81b is fixed.

[0113] The lower base 82b is arranged outside the distribution conduit 5, between the opening 6 and the container 3 (not shown in Figures 3 and 4). Furthermore, the lower base 82b is in contact with the internal wall of the distribution conduit 5 when the bellows 8b is in the closed position. The lower base 82b is in contact with the wall internal of the distribution duct 5, or the opening 6, when the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 is equal to zero. The lower base 82b has an area greater than or equal to the area of ​​the cross-section of the opening 6 of the distribution duct 5. Preferably, the lower base 82b is non-deformable under normal conditions of use of the distribution device 1. The lower base 82b is for example made of a metallic or plastic material.

[0114] The lower base 82b is movable in translation relative to the upper base 81b. This movement allows the bellows 8b to move from the closed position to the open position and from the open position to the closed position.

[0115] The deformable membrane 83b connects the upper base 81b and the lower base 82b. The deformable membrane 83b is deformable in that it allows the translational movement of the lower base 82b. In addition, the deformable membrane 83b comprises flexion zones 84b allowing the deformation, for example elastic, of the bellows 8b during the transition from the open position to the closed position and the transition from the closed position to the open position. The deformable membrane 83b is deformable under normal conditions of use of the device 1. The deformable membrane 83b is for example made of a material.

[0116] The bellows 8b is therefore partly arranged in the distribution conduit 5, at the end 52.

[0117] The bellows 8b is generally frustoconical in shape. However, the shape of the bellows 8b may vary depending on the shape of the distribution duct 5. Furthermore, the shape of the lower base 82b of the bellows 8b is complementary to the shape of the opening 6 of the distribution duct 5.

[0118] The bellows 8b preferably has a cross-sectional area increasing from the upper base 81b towards the lower base 82b. This makes it possible to disperse the material 2 homogeneously in the container 3. Furthermore, this prevents the material 2 from being distributed in the container 3 in the form of agglomerates, the latter being limited due to the prior contact of the material with the bellows 8b.

[0119] The conveying means according to the second embodiment of the invention is an endless screw 7b. The endless screw 7b is further arranged in the distribution duct 5 and the hopper 4. The endless screw 7b extends from said hopper 4 to the bellows 8b, passing through the distribution duct 5.

[0120] The auger 7b makes it possible to convey the material 2 from the hopper 4 to the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5. In addition, the auger 7b makes it possible to prevent the material 2 from falling by gravity from the hopper 4 to the opening 6, further limiting the appearance of dust clouds. The auger 7b also makes it possible to control the quantity of material 2 distributed in the container 3. The auger 7b is rotatable, which makes it possible to convey the material 2 to the opening 6 and the bellows 8b.

[0121] The bellows 8b is connected to the worm screw at the free end 71b of the worm screw 7b. Furthermore, the upper base 81b of the bellows 8b is connected to the free end 71b of the worm screw 7b.

[0122] According to a preferred embodiment, the bellows 8b is fixedly connected to the worm screw 7b in the sense that the worm screw 7b imposes a rotational movement on the bellows 8b. This makes it possible to simplify the design of the dispensing device 1 and thus facilitate its maintenance and cleaning. According to another embodiment of the invention, the bellows 8b is movably connected to the worm screw in the sense that the bellows 8b does not rotate when the worm screw 7b is rotating.

[0123] An elastic, pneumatic or hydraulic system 9b makes it possible to reduce the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b of the bellows 8b, thus allowing the bellows 8b to move from the open position to the closed position. In addition, the internal volume V of the bellows 8b decreases when the bellows 8b moves from the open position to the closed position. When moving from the open position to the closed position, the lower base 82b moves closer to the upper base 81b and the membrane 83b deforms until the lower base 82b is in contact with the distribution conduit 5 and closes the opening 6. Thus, when moving from the open position to the closed position, the distance between the upper base 81b and the lower base 82a decreases.

[0124] The elastic, pneumatic or hydraulic system 9b also makes it possible to increase the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b of the bellows 8b, thus allowing the bellows 8b to move from the closed position to the open position. In addition, the internal volume V of the bellows 8b increases when the bellows 8b moves from the closed position to the open position. When moving from the closed position to the open position, the lower base 82b moves away from the upper base 81b and the membrane 83b deforms, clearing the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5. Thus, when moving from the open position to the closed position, the distance between the upper base 81b and the lower base 81b increases.

[0125] The elastic, pneumatic or hydraulic system 9b comprises a pipe arranged in the distribution duct 5, connected on the one hand to the bellows 8b and, on the other hand, to a pneumatic or hydraulic means located outside the distribution device 1 (not shown by a figure). The pipe of the elastic, pneumatic or hydraulic system 9b can be located inside the worm screw 7b to limit the size, facilitate maintenance and cleaning of the distribution device 1.

[0126] Figures 4 and 5 represent the distribution device 1 according to the second embodiment of the invention in which the deformable closure means is represented by a bellows 8b.

[0127] The bellows 8b is in the open position in that it leaves the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5 clear, thus allowing the material 2 to pass through the opening 6 and therefore the material 2 to be distributed into the container 3. Furthermore, the lower base 82b of the bellows 8b is at a distance strictly greater than zero from the opening 6.

[0128] The bellows 8b in the open position occupies a volume in the distribution duct 5 allowing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6 of the distribution duct 5. Furthermore, the lower base 82b of the bellows 8b in the open position is not in contact with the distribution duct 5. The bellows 8b in the open position has an internal volume V greater than the internal volume V of the bellows 8b in the closed position. Furthermore, the bellows 8b in the open position is not in contact with the distribution duct 5.

[0129] The bellows 8b in the open position delimits with the distribution conduit 5 a free space allowing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5. Furthermore, the free space can be defined as the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5.

[0130] In the open position, the lower base 82b is at a distance strictly greater than zero, or non-zero, from the opening 6. This makes it possible to delimit a passage between the membrane 83b and the internal wall of the distribution conduit 5 at the level of the opening 6.

[0131] It is possible to control the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b and therefore the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6. Thus, controlling the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 makes it possible to define intermediate open positions in which the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 is between a minimum value, not included, and a maximum value.

[0132] The minimum value corresponds to a distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 equal to zero, or zero, the bellows 8b being in the closed position. The internal volume V of the bellows 8b is then at a minimum value.

[0133] The maximum value corresponds to the maximum distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6. The internal volume V of the bellows 8b is then at a maximum value. The maximum distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 further depends on the length of the membrane 83b.

[0134] The intermediate open positions correspond to positions of the lower base 82b relative to the opening 6. Furthermore, the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b makes it possible to determine the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6. The distance between the upper base 81b and the opening 6 is fixed.

[0135] The intermediate open positions do not block the opening 6 in that they allow the passage of the material 2. The intermediate open positions allow regulate the distribution flow of the material 2.

[0136] In the embodiment of the invention according to which the distribution device 1 according to the second embodiment 1 comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic system 9b, the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b varies depending on the pressure inside the bellows 8b. Furthermore, the pneumatic or hydraulic system 9b allows the introduction or extraction of a fluid into the internal species of the bellows 8b.

[0137] The introduction of a fluid into the internal space makes it possible to increase the pressure in the internal space which moves the lower base 82b away from the upper base 81b, the internal volume V also increasing.

[0138] The extraction of a fluid in the internal space makes it possible to reduce the pressure in the internal space which brings the lower base 82b closer to the upper base 81b, the internal volume V also decreasing.

[0139] In the embodiment of the invention according to which the distribution device 1 according to the second embodiment 1 comprises an elastic system 9b, the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b is directly dependent on the elastic system 9b. The elastic system 9b is for example a hydraulic or pneumatic piston. The elastic system 9b is connected to the lower base 82b and allows its translational movement relative to the fixed upper base 81b.

[0140] Increasing the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b allows the internal volume V to be increased.

[0141] Reducing the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b allows the internal volume V to be reduced.

[0142] The particular design of the bellows 8b means that the material 2 is only in contact with the worm screw 7b, the bellows 8b, the distribution conduit 5 and the hopper 4. This prevents infiltration of material 2 into the moving parts, facilitating the cleaning of the distribution device 1 and reducing the risks of damage to the distribution device 1.

[0143] Thus a method for distributing the material 2 according to a second embodiment of the invention may contain the following steps: 1. supply of a powdery or granular material 2, 2. supply of a distribution device 1 according to the second embodiment, 3. provision of a container 3 arranged opposite the opening 6, 4. closing the bellows 8b so as to close the opening 6, 5. introduction into the hopper 4 of the material 2 which moves by gravity to the lower end 42 of the hopper 4, 6. rotating the worm screw 7b so as to convey the material 2 from hopper 4 to opening 6, and 7. opening of the bellows 8b so that the material 2 falls into the container 3.

[0144] The bellows 8b can also be used without the worm screw 7b. Furthermore, the bellows 8b can be used in the first embodiment described in Figures 1 and 2.

[0145] Conversely, the inflatable valve 8a can be used in the second embodiment described in FIGS. 3 to 6.

[0146] Indeed, the particular design of the dispensing device 1 according to the invention makes it possible to quickly and easily change the closure means 8a or 8b so as to adapt the device to the material 2 to be dispensed.

[0147] Thus, it is possible to quickly change the conveying means 7a, 7b as well as the sealing means 8a, 8b to adapt the distribution device 1 to the type of material 2, powdery or granular, to be bagged.

[0148] The distribution device 1 according to the invention is particularly intended for bagging bulk material 2.

Claims

1.

2.

3. Claims Device (1) for dispensing a powdery or granular material (2) into a container (3), said device (1) comprising: - a hopper (4) intended to receive said material (2), - a distribution conduit (5) for said material (2) comprising a first end (51) connected to said hopper (4) and a second end (52) comprising an opening (6) intended to be opposite said container (3), - a means (7a, 7b) for conveying said material (2) from said hopper (4) to said container (3), characterized in that it comprises a deformable means (8a, 8b) for closing said opening (6), located at least partly in said distribution conduit (5) and capable of adopting: - a closed position preventing the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6), and - an open position allowing the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said deformable closure means (8a, 8b) is elastically deformable and has an internal volume (V) varying during the passage of said deformable closure means (8a, 8b) from the open position to the closed position and during the passage of said deformable closure means (8a, 8b) from the closed position to the open position. Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deformable closure means (8a, 8b) is represented by an inflatable valve (8a) capable of adopting: - a closed position in which said opening (6) is in a sealed state preventing the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6), and - an open position in which said opening (6) is in a clear state allowing the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6).

4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the inflatable valve (8a) passes from the closed position to the open position and from the open position to the closed position by means of a pneumatic or hydraulic system (9a) allowing on the one hand to introduce a fluid into said inflatable valve (8a) and, on the other hand, to extract a fluid from said inflatable valve (8a).

5. Device (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the conveying means (7a, 7b) of said material (2) is the gravitational force (7a).

6. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deformable sealing means (8a, 8b) is represented by a bellows (8b) capable of adopting: - a closed position in which said opening (6) is in a sealed state preventing the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6), and - an open position in which said opening (6) is in a clear state allowing the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6).

7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that said bellows (8b) comprises: - an upper base (81b) facing said distribution conduit (5), - a lower base (82b) opposite said upper base (81b) and intended to be facing said container (3), and - a deformable membrane (83b) connecting said upper base (81b) and said lower base (82b), said upper base (81b) having a first area smaller than a second area of ​​said lower base (82b), said lower base (82b) being movable in translation relative to said upper base (81b).

8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that said bellows (8b) passes from the closed position to the open position, and from the open position to the closed position by means of an elastic, pneumatic or hydraulic system (9b) allowing on the one hand to increase the distance between said upper base (81b) and said lower base (82b) and, on the other hand, to reduce the distance between said upper base (81b) and said lower base (82b).

9. Device (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that said bellows (8b) comprises flexion zones (84b) capable of allowing the deformation of said bellows (8b) when passing from the open position to the closed position and when passing from the closed position to the open position.

10. Device (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the conveying means (7a, 7b) of said material (2) is an endless screw (7b) arranged in said distribution conduit (5) and said hopper (4) and extending from said hopper (4) to said bellows (8b).

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