Bulk material distribution device

Abstract

Device (1) for distributing a powdered or granular material (2) into a container (3), said device (1) comprising: a hopper (4) for receiving said material (2), a distribution conduit (5) for said material (2) comprising a first end (51) connected to said hopper (4) and a second end (52) comprising an opening (6) intended to be opposite said container (3), a means for conveying said material (2) from said hopper (4) to said container (3), characterized in that it comprises a deformable closing means (8a, 8b) for said opening (6), located at least in part in said distribution conduit (5) and capable of adopting: a closed position prohibiting the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6), and an open position permitting the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6).

Description

Title of the invention: Bulk material distribution device FIELD OF INVENTION

[0001] The technical field of the present invention is that of devices for distributing powdered or granular materials from a hopper into a container. More particularly, the invention relates to a device for distributing powdered or granular materials comprising a deformable closure means for allowing or preventing the distribution of the powdered or granular material into the container. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] In the bulk material bagging industry, several bagging devices are already known in the prior art. These devices are designed to fill bags or other containers with materials, particularly granular and powdery materials.

[0003] These dispensing devices generally include a pipe for filling a container with material initially placed inside a hopper. Before depositing the material into the container, it is necessary to weigh it and contain this quantity of material in an intermediate space.

[0004] To achieve this, the dose of material to be distributed into a hopper can be predetermined. It is also possible to insert a screw conveyor which draws material from the hopper as the screw rotates.

[0005] Gravity-fed dispensing devices are known that exploit gravitational force to convey material from an upper supply point to a lower distribution point. However, during the fall of the material under gravity, particle dispersion is often observed, generating a dust cloud that can pollute the work environment and pose health problems. This cloud is sometimes explosive, depending on the size of the particles, and spreads throughout the dispensing device, necessitating additional cleaning. It is therefore impossible to clean the dispensing device effectively. In most cases, the device is not cleaned due to the difficulty involved. The result is products contaminated by traces of previously dispensed products.

[0006] Distribution systems using worm gears that move the material by advancing it along a helical axis are also known. However, these worm gear systems have a complex structural design and present challenges for maintenance and cleaning. The gaps and confined areas inherent in this Certain design features can trap residual material, creating hygiene problems and complicating the cleaning process. Furthermore, the material, especially powdery material, tends to flow down the screw even when there is no rotation. This results in a continuous flow of material from the dispensing device, contaminating the surrounding environment.

[0007] Furthermore, when using a screw conveyor, the material forms agglomerates, accentuating the generation of a dust cloud when it falls into the container.

[0008] There is therefore a need for devices for distributing powdered or granular materials that are easy to clean and limit dust emissions. Description of the invention

[0009] The invention therefore relates to a device for distributing a powdered or granular material into a container, said device comprising: - a hopper designed to receive said material, - a distribution conduit for said material comprising a first end connected to said hopper and a second end comprising an opening intended to be opposite said container - a means of conveying said material from said hopper to said container,

[0010] said distribution device includes a deformable closing means for said opening, located at least partially in said distribution conduit and capable of adopting: - a closed position preventing the passage of said material through said opening, and - an open position allowing the passage of said material through said opening.

[0011] Advantageously, the deformable sealing means is elastically deformable and has an internal volume that varies when the deformable sealing means passes from the open position to the closed position and when the deformable sealing means passes from the closed position to the open position.

[0012] According to a first embodiment of the invention, the deformable sealing means is represented by an inflatable valve capable of adopting: - a closed position in which said opening is in a sealed state preventing the passage of said matter through said opening, and - an open position in which said opening is in a clear state allowing the passage of said matter through said opening.

[0013] Advantageously, the inflatable valve moves from the closed position to the open position and from the open position to the closed position by means of a system pneumatic or hydraulic allowing on the one hand to introduce a fluid into said inflatable valve and, on the other hand, to extract a fluid from said inflatable valve.

[0014] Advantageously still, the distribution device according to the first embodiment of the invention includes a shut-off valve, disposed between said hopper and said distribution conduit and allowing the passage of material from said hopper to the distribution conduit to be prohibited or permitted.

[0015] Even more advantageously, the means of conveying said matter is the gravitational force.

[0016] According to a second embodiment of the invention, the deformable sealing means is represented by a bellows adapted to adopt: - a closed position in which said opening is in a sealed state preventing the passage of said matter through said opening, and - an open position in which said opening is in a clear state allowing the passage of said matter through said opening.

[0017] Advantageously, the bellows comprises: - a superior base in relation to said distribution conduit, - a lower base opposite said upper base and intended to be in with regard to said container, and - a deformable membrane connecting said upper base and said lower base,

[0018] said upper base having a first area lower than a second area of ​​said lower base, said lower base being mobile in translation relative to said upper base.

[0019] Advantageously still, the bellows moves from the closed position to the open position, and from the open position to the closed position by means of an elastic, pneumatic or hydraulic system allowing on the one hand to increase the distance between said upper base and said lower base and, on the other hand, to decrease the distance between said upper base and said lower base.

[0020] Even more advantageously, the elastic system is represented by a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric piston.

[0021] Advantageously, the bellows includes flex zones suitable for allowing the bellows to deform when moving from the open position to the closed position and from the closed position to the open position.

[0022] Advantageously still, the means of conveying said material is a screw conveyor disposed in said distribution conduit and said hopper and extending from said hopper to said bellows.

[0023] According to another embodiment of the invention, the distribution device includes a means for determining the mass of the material introduced into the container.

[0024] According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the distribution device includes an agitator of said material in the hopper.

[0025] A first advantage of the present invention lies in the simple design of the distribution device.

[0026] Another advantage of the present invention lies in the ease of cleaning the dispensing device.

[0027] Another advantage lies in the control of the material distribution rate by the distribution device.

[0028] Another further advantage of the present invention lies in the reduction of dust emissions in the external and internal environment of the distribution device.

[0029] Another advantage of the present invention lies in the ease of maintenance of the distribution device. Brief description of the drawings

[0030] Other features, advantages and details of the invention will be better understood upon reading the supplementary description that follows in relation to the drawings in which:

[0031] [Fig-1] represents the distribution device according to a first embodiment of the invention and in which the deformable sealing means is in the closed position,

[0032] [Fig.2] represents the distribution device according to a first embodiment of the invention and in which the deformable sealing means is in the open position,

[0033] [Fig.3] represents the distribution device according to a second embodiment of the invention and in which the deformable sealing means is in the closed position,

[0034] [Fig.4] represents an enlarged view of the deformable sealing means in the closed position according to the second embodiment of the invention,

[0035] [Fig. 5] represents the distribution device according to a second embodiment of the invention, in which the deformable closing means is in the open position, and

[0036] [Fig.6] represents an enlarged view of the deformable sealing means in the open position according to the second embodiment of the invention.

[0037] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT METHODS OF THE INVENTION

[0038] In the context of the present invention, "powdery or granular material" means a material or substance composed of small, distinct particles, either fine and dusty, or coarser and grain-like. Without being limited to the embodiments of the invention, a material is considered powdery when it is composed of particles with a diameter of less than 75 µm. Similarly, a material is considered granular when it is composed of particles with a diameter between 75 µm and 10 mm. The material according to the invention may be of mineral, fungal, vegetable, synthetic, or animal origin.

[0039] In the context of the present invention, "conveying means" means a mechanical or natural means of transporting the material from the hopper to the opening of the distribution conduit, via the distribution conduit.

[0040] In the context of the present invention, "closing means" means a system or set of components enabling an opening to be closed reversibly.

[0041] In the context of the present invention, "deformable" means the ability of a structure to change shape in response to a force or stress applied to the structure. The term "deformable" according to the invention refers particularly to elastic deformation, where the structure returns to its original shape when the force or stress is no longer applied. Similarly, the term "deformable" refers to the ability of the structure to have its internal volume decrease or increase. Thus, the deformable sealing means according to the invention has a material and / or specific areas suitable for allowing its elastic deformation, and the increase and decrease of its internal volume.

[0042] In the context of the present invention, "internal volume" means the volume delimited by the walls of a structure.

[0043] In the context of the present invention, "container" means a structure designed to hold, store, or transport a material, such as a powder or granules. The container according to the invention may have various shapes, including, but not limited to, cylindrical, cubic, spherical, conical, or prismatic. The container may also be equipped with additional means to facilitate the filling, emptying, sealing, or handling of the stored material. The dispensing device makes it possible to fill any type of container with material, regardless of its capacity. For example, the container could be a bag, a box, a drum, a bottle, or a can.

[0044] In the context of the present invention, "closed position" means the configurational state of a structure in which the structure obstructs an opening, thereby preventing the passage of a material such as a powder or granules through the opening. When the structure is in the closed position, the opening is obstructed, thus preventing the passage of a material such as a powder or granules through the opening. powdery or granular. The closed position of the structure can be the result of a mechanical action, manual or automated, on the structure. The closed position is reversible, allowing the structure to return to an open position in which the opening is clear.

[0045] In the context of the present invention, the term "open position" refers to the configurational state of a structure in which the structure does not obstruct an opening, thus allowing the passage of a material such as a powder or granules through the opening. When the structure is in the open position, the opening is unobstructed, allowing the passage of a material such as a powder or granules through the opening. The open position of the structure can be the result of a mechanical action, manual or automated, on the structure. The open position is reversible, allowing the structure to return to the closed position in which the opening is obstructed.

[0046] In the context of the present invention, "watertight" means the ability of a material or structure to prevent the passage of air, fluids, gases or any other substance.

[0047] In the context of the present invention, the term "bellows" refers to a flexible structure that can expand or contract in response to differential movements while maintaining its integrity. For example, the bellows includes flexural areas that allow for elastic deformation. The bellows may have a general cylindrical, frustoconical, conical, rectangular, or square shape. Different shapes can be combined to form a bellows that meets a specific need. The bellows may be made of metal, plastic, or other materials, depending on the specific requirements of its application.

[0048] In the context of the present invention, the term "inflatable valve" means a valve comprising a deformable elastic sheath that assumes an inflated state when the pressure inside the sheath increases. When the pressure inside the sheath is released, the sheath returns to its deflated state.

[0049] In the context of the present invention, "gravitational force" means the natural force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth. When used to convey matter, this force causes the matter to fall or move downwards, following the most direct path to the center of the Earth. According to one embodiment of the invention, the conveying means is represented by the gravitational force in the sense that it uses gravity to move matter from a higher height to a lower height.

[0050] The distribution device according to the invention will now be described in relation to the figures.

[0051] As described above, the invention relates to a device 1 for dispensing a powdered or granular material 2. The device 1 is particularly suitable for dispensing a powdered or granular material 2 into a container 3.

[0052] The powdered or granular material 2 is, for example, a material 2 of mineral, fungal, vegetable, synthetic, or animal origin. Preferably, the material 2 is intended for the food industry, for example, for human or animal consumption. The material 2 may also be intended for use in the pharmaceutical or cosmetic fields.

[0053] The container 3 allows the material 2 distributed by the distribution device 1 to be collected. The container 3 can be represented by any system allowing the material 2 to be contained.

[0054] The distribution device 1 includes a hopper 4 for receiving the material 2. The hopper 4 represents the point of entry of the material 2 into the distribution device 1. The material 2 can be directly distributed into the container 3 following its introduction into the hopper 4 or stored in the hopper 4 for later distribution.

[0055] The hopper 4 delimits an enclosed or possibly open space, for example at its upper end 4L. In the case where the hopper 4 delimits an enclosed space, it includes an inlet allowing the introduction of the material 2 into the hopper 4. When the hopper 4 delimits an enclosed space, it may include a cover 43 allowing the hopper 4 to be closed. When the hopper 4 delimits an enclosed space and the material 2 is stored in the hopper 4 for subsequent distribution, it is preferable to provide an agitator for said material 2 in the hopper 4 and / or a ventilation system for the hopper 4 in order to prevent the degradation of the material 2.

[0056] The material constituting the hopper 4, or at least constituting its surface in contact with the material 2, preferably has a smooth surface allowing to avoid agglomerations of material 2 in the hopper 4. The hopper 4 is preferably composed of a metallic material such as aluminium or steel, an elastomer, a synthetic material and / or a plastic material.

[0057] The hopper 4 comprises an upper end 41 and a lower end 42 connected to a distribution conduit 5. For example, the hopper 4 is in the form of a funnel whose cross-sections decrease from the upper end 41 to the lower end 42.

[0058] The distribution conduit 5 guides the material 2 from the hopper 4 to the container 3. The distribution conduit 5 includes a first end 51 connected to the hopper 4, for example at the lower end 42 of the hopper 4. The distribution conduit 5 includes a second open end 52 intended to be opposite container 3. In addition, the second end 52 includes an opening 6 intended to be opposite container 3.

[0059] The distribution conduit 5 can be in any shape to facilitate the guidance of the material 2 and / or the distribution of the material 2 in the container 3. Preferably, the distribution conduit 5 is in the form of a hollow tube having a constant cross-sectional area.

[0060] Preferably, the distribution conduit 5 has a second end 52 arranged so as to be able to be inserted into the container 3. This allows the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5 to be positioned close to the bottom 31 of the container 3 and thus limit the emanations of dust.

[0061] The distribution conduit 5 is preferably arranged coaxially with the container 3.

[0062] The material constituting the distribution conduit 5, or at least constituting its surface in contact with the material 2, preferably has a smooth surface to prevent the agglomeration of material 2 in the distribution conduit 5. The distribution conduit 5 is preferably rigid. The distribution conduit 5 is, for example, made of metal and / or plastic.

[0063] The distribution device 1 also includes a conveying means 7a, 7b for conveying material 2 from said hopper 4 to said container 3. The conveying means 7a, 7b allows the passage of material 2 from the hopper 4 to the distribution conduit 5. The conveying means 7a, 7b allows the passage of material 2 from the distribution conduit 5 to the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5.

[0064] The opening 6 is located at the second end 52 of the distribution conduit 5. Furthermore, the opening 6 constitutes the second open end 52 of the distribution conduit 5. During normal use of the distribution device 1, the opening 6 represents the outlet point of the material 2 from the distribution device 1.

[0065] The distribution device 1 also includes a deformable closing means 8a, 8b for the opening 6. The deformable closing means 8a, 8b is located at least partly in said distribution conduit 5.

[0066] The deformable sealing means 8a, 8b is able to adopt a closed position preventing the passage of said material 2 through said opening 6. In addition, the sealing means 8a, 8b in the closed position allows the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5 to be completely sealed, thus preventing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6.

[0067] The deformable sealing means 8a, 8b is also capable of assuming an open position allowing the passage of said material 2 through said opening 6. Furthermore, the sealing means 8a, 8b in the open position allows for the partial or complete release of completely, the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5, thus allowing the passage of matter 2 through the opening 6.

[0068] The deformable sealing means 8a, 8b is elastically deformable. Furthermore, the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b has a variable internal volume V. This variation in internal volume V allows the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b to move from the closed position to the open position and from the open position to the closed position.

[0069] According to one embodiment of the invention, a mechanical, electronic, automatic or manual system allows the internal volume V of the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b to be varied. For example, a pneumatic, hydraulic or elastic system is used to vary the internal volume V of the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b.

[0070] During the transition from the open position to the closed position and from the closed position to the open position, the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b retains its integrity.

[0071] The deformable sealing means 8a, 8b is preferably made of a material that allows for its deformation, particularly elastic deformation. The material constituting the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b is preferably a material exhibiting good tensile and shear strength. Furthermore, the material has sufficient strength to maintain the integrity of the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b during variations in the internal volume V of the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b. The material constituting the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b, or at least constituting its surface in contact with the material 2, preferably has a smooth surface to prevent the agglomeration of material 2 on the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b. For example, the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b comprises a synthetic or natural material.

[0072] The deformable sealing means 8a, 8b allows control of the distribution of the material 2 in the container 3 by prohibiting or allowing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5.

[0073] The deformable sealing means 8a, 8b is located near the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5 so as to reduce the drop height of the material 2 into the container 3. In addition, the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b prevents the formation of a dust cloud during the distribution of the material 2.

[0074] The particular design of the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b also allows control of the material distribution flow rate 2. Indeed, the precise control of the internal volume V makes it possible to control the surface area exposed between the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b and the opening 6. Thus, between the open and closed positions of the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b, it is possible to provide intermediate open positions allowing the passage of material 2 through opening 6 at different flow rates. It is therefore possible to adapt the distribution flow rate according to the type of material 2 being distributed and thus reduce the risk of dust cloud formation.

[0075] The material 2 is initially introduced into the hopper 4 of the distribution device 1, the deformable sealing means 8a, 8b being in the closed position. This prevents the formation of a dust cloud outside device 1 by blocking the passage of material 2 through opening 6. The deformable sealing means 8a, 8b is then placed in the open position, allowing material 2 to pass through opening 6. The container 3 for receiving material 2 is placed below opening 6. Preferably, container 3 is positioned so that opening 6 is close to the bottom 31 of container 3. The material 2 then falls into container 3 from a height equal to the distance between the bottom 31 of container 3 and opening 6. The height of the fall of material 2 into container 3 is thus such that it does not allow the generation of a dust cloud composed of distributed particles of material 2.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the invention not represented by a figure, the distribution device 1 includes a means for lowering the container 3 and / or raising the distribution conduit 5 as a function of the level of material 2 in the container 3 so that the height of the fall of material 2 into the container 3 is constant throughout the distribution of material 2. The height of the fall of material 2 into the container 3 is then such that it does not allow the generation of a dust cloud composed of particles of distributed material 2.

[0077] Figure 1 represents the distribution device 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention in which the deformable sealing means is represented by an inflatable valve 8a. Material 2 is disposed in the distribution device 1, occupying the space defined by the hopper 4, the distribution conduit 5 and the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position.

[0078] The inflatable valve 8a is in the closed position in that it blocks the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5, thus preventing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6. The inflatable valve 8a in the closed position occupies a volume in the distribution conduit 5 blocking the material 2 in the distribution conduit 5.

[0079] The inflatable valve 8a further comprises a deformable membrane 81a delimiting a closed internal space. Preferably, the deformable membrane 81a is a sealed membrane so as to prevent contamination of the material 2. In the closed position, the deformable membrane 81a of the inflatable valve 8a is in contact with the inner wall of the distribution conduit 5.

[0080] The inflatable valve 8a is generally ovoid in shape when closed. However, the shape of the inflatable valve 8a can vary depending on the shape of the distribution conduit 5. Furthermore, the shape of the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position is complementary to the shape of the distribution conduit 5.

[0081] A fluid is placed in the internal space of the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position, applying a predetermined force that keeps the deformable membrane 81a in contact with the inner wall of the distribution conduit 5 and thus seals the opening 6. The fluid can be a gas or a liquid. A gas is preferred because it presents less risk of contamination of the material 2 in the event of a perforation of the deformable membrane 81a of the inflatable valve 8a.

[0082] In the closed position, the inflatable valve 8a contains a quantity of fluid such that the area of ​​the largest cross-section of the inflatable valve 8a is equal to the area of ​​the cross-section of the distribution conduit 5.

[0083] The inflatable valve 8a is disposed entirely in the distribution conduit 5, at the end 52. Disposing the inflatable valve 8a entirely in the distribution conduit 5 helps to limit the size of the distribution device 1.

[0084] The inflatable valve 8a is positioned near the opening 6 so as to limit the drop height of the material 2 into the container 3.

[0085] The conveying means according to the first embodiment is represented by the gravitational force (represented by arrow 7a).

[0086] A pneumatic or hydraulic system 9a introduces fluid into the inflatable valve 8a to increase its internal volume V, thus allowing the inflatable valve 8a to move from the open position to the closed position. Furthermore, the pressure within the inflatable valve 8a increases as it moves from the open position to the closed position.

[0087] The pneumatic or hydraulic system 9a also allows the fluid to be extracted from the inflatable valve 8a in order to reduce its internal volume V, thus allowing the inflatable valve 8a to move from the closed position to the open position. Furthermore, the pressure in the internal space of the inflatable valve 8a decreases when the inflatable valve 8a moves from the closed position to the open position.

[0088] The pneumatic or hydraulic system 9a includes a pipe disposed in the distribution conduit 5, connected on one side to the inflatable valve 8a and, on the other side, to a pneumatic or hydraulic means located outside the distribution device 1 (not shown in a figure).

[0089] The inflatable valve 8a is made of a material allowing its elastic deformation.

[0090] Fig. 2 represents the distribution device 1 according to the first embodiment of the invention in which the deformable sealing means is represented by an inflatable valve 8a.

[0091] The inflatable valve 8a is in the open position in that it leaves the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5 clear, thus allowing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6 and therefore the distribution of the material 2 into the container 3.

[0092] The inflatable valve 8a in the open position occupies a volume in the distribution conduit 5 allowing the passage of the material 2 in the distribution conduit 5. In addition, the diaphragm 81a of the inflatable valve 8a in the open position is not in contact with the internal wall of the distribution conduit 5. The inflatable valve 8a in the open position has an internal volume V less than the internal volume V of the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position.

[0093] The inflatable valve 8a in the open position delimits with the distribution conduit 5 a free space allowing the passage of the material 2 into the distribution conduit 5 and into the opening 6.

[0094] In the open position, the inflatable valve 8a contains a quantity of fluid such that the area of ​​the largest cross-section of the inflatable valve 8a is less than the area of ​​the cross-section of the distribution conduit 5.

[0095] It is possible to control the quantity of fluid present in the inflatable valve 8a and therefore its internal volume V. Thus, controlling the internal volume V of the inflatable valve 8a makes it possible to define intermediate open positions in which the free space delimited by the inflatable valve 8a in the open position and the distribution conduit 5 is between a minimum value not included and a maximum value.

[0096] The minimum value corresponds to the absence of space between the inflatable valve 8a and the distribution conduit 5, the inflatable valve 8a being in the closed position.

[0097] The maximum value corresponds to the maximum possible space between the inflatable valve 8a and the distribution conduit 5, the inflatable valve 8a being free of fluid or having a minimum internal volume V.

[0098] The intermediate open positions correspond to positions of the inflatable valve 8a containing a variable amount of fluid and therefore a variable area of ​​its largest cross-section. Furthermore, the amount of fluid in the inflatable valve 8a allows us to define the area of ​​its largest cross-section.

[0099] The intermediate open positions do not obstruct the opening 6 in that they allow the passage of the material 2. The intermediate open positions allow the distribution flow rate of the material 2 to be regulated in that they define different free spaces of different sizes.

[0100] The first embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2 has the advantage of not having any moving parts in contact with the powdery or granular material 2, thus limiting mechanical problems of jamming, friction, wear, and contamination of the material 2 due to fine particles resulting from the friction of the moving parts. This facilitates maintenance of the dispensing device 1 and allows for optimal cleaning while preventing contamination of the material 2.

[0101] According to the first embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2, the distribution device 1 includes an optional shut-off valve 10. The shut-off valve 10 is located between the hopper 4 and the distribution conduit 5 and allows the passage of material 2 from the hopper 4 to the distribution conduit 5 to be blocked or allowed.

[0102] The shut-off valve 10 is suitable for adopting: - a closed position preventing the passage of material 2 from the hopper 4 to the distribution conduit 5, and - an open position allowing the passage of material 2 from the hopper 4 to the distribution conduit 5

[0103] This embodiment allows the distribution device 1 to be segmented in order to reduce the risk of a dust cloud appearing inside and outside the distribution device 1. The shut-off valve 10 also allows the distribution rate of the material 2 to be increased.

[0104] Thus, a method for distributing matter 2 according to a first embodiment may contain the following steps: 1. Supply of a powdery or granular material, 2. Supply of a distribution device 1 according to the first embodiment, 3. provision of a container 3 positioned opposite the opening 6, 4. closing the inflatable valve 8a so as to block the opening 6, 5. Introduction into hopper 4 of material 2, which flows by gravity to the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position, and 6. Opening the inflatable valve 8a so as to distribute the material 2 into the container 3.

[0105] The material 2 is distributed outside the distribution device 1 to a height equal to the distance between the opening 6 and the bottom 31 of the container 3. This prevents dust emissions outside the distribution device 1.

[0106] When the distribution device 1 according to the first embodiment includes the shut-off valve 10, the method for distributing the material 2 according to the first embodiment may include the following steps: 1. Supply of a predetermined quantity of powdered or granular material, 2. Supply of a distribution device 1 according to the first embodiment, 3. provision of a container 3 positioned opposite the opening 6, 4. Closing of the shut-off valve 10 and opening of the inflatable valve 8a, 5. Introduction into hopper 4 of material 2, which flows by gravity to the shut-off valve 10 in the closed position, 6. closing of the inflatable valve 8a, 7. Opening of the shut-off valve 10 so that the material 2 is directed by gravity up to the inflatable valve 8a in the closed position, 8. Opening the inflatable valve 8a so as to distribute the material 2 into the container 3, and 9. closing the shut-off valve 10.

[0107] This embodiment of the invention makes it possible to reduce the drop height of the material 2 in the distribution device 1, limiting the generation of dust and the risk of formation of agglomerates of material 2 in the distribution device 1.

[0108] The shut-off valve 10 closes as soon as the level of material 2 in the distribution device 1 has exceeded the shut-off valve 10. This allows the hopper 4 to begin filling with material 2, thus increasing the rate at which material 2 is distributed into the next container 3. Therefore, as soon as the previous container 3 is full, the inflatable valve 8a is closed and the shut-off valve 10 is opened. The next container 3 is then positioned opposite the opening 6, and the inflatable valve 8a is opened.

[0109] Figures 3 and 4 represent the distribution device 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention in which the deformable sealing means is represented by a bellows 8b. Material 2 (not shown in Figures 3 and 4) is disposed in the distribution device 1, occupying the space defined by the hopper 4, the distribution conduit 5 and the bellows 8b in the closed position.

[0110] The bellows 8b is in the closed position in that it blocks the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5, thus preventing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6. The bellows 8b in the closed position occupies a volume in the distribution conduit 5 blocking the material 2 in the distribution conduit 5.

[0111] The bellows 8b further consists of an upper base 81b, a lower base 82b, and a deformable membrane 83b connecting the upper base 81b and the lower base 82b. The upper base 81b, the lower base 82b, and the deformable membrane 83b define an enclosed space. Preferably, the membrane deformable 83b of the bellows 8b is sealed so as to prevent contamination of material 2.

[0112] The upper base 81b is disposed in the distribution conduit 5, at the second end 52. Furthermore, the upper base 81b is not in contact with the inner wall of the distribution conduit 5. The upper base 81b has a surface area smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the distribution conduit 5. Preferably, the upper base 81b is non-deformable under normal operating conditions of the distribution device 1. The upper base 81b is, for example, made of a metallic or plastic material. In addition, the upper base 81b is fixed.

[0113] The lower base 82b is disposed outside the distribution conduit 5, between the opening 6 and the container 3 (not shown in Figures 3 and 4). Furthermore, the lower base 82b is in contact with the inner wall of the distribution conduit 5 when the bellows 8b is in the closed position. The lower base 82b is in contact with the inner wall of the distribution conduit 5, or the opening 6, when the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 is zero. The lower base 82b has an area greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5. Preferably, the lower base 82b is non-deformable under normal operating conditions of the distribution device 1. The lower base 82b is, for example, made of a metallic or plastic material.

[0114] The lower base 82b is movable in translation relative to the upper base 81b. This movement allows the bellows 8b to move from the closed position to the open position and from the open position to the closed position.

[0115] The deformable membrane 83b connects the upper base 81b and the lower base 82b. The deformable membrane 83b is deformable in that it allows translational movement of the lower base 82b. In addition, the deformable membrane 83b includes flexural zones 84b allowing deformation, for example elastic deformation, of the bellows 8b when moving from the open to the closed position and from the closed to the open position. The deformable membrane 83b is deformable under normal operating conditions of the device 1. The deformable membrane 83b is, for example, made of a material.

[0116] The bellows 8b is therefore partly disposed in the distribution conduit 5, at the end 52.

[0117] The bellows 8b is generally frustoconical in shape. However, the shape of the bellows 8b can vary depending on the shape of the distribution conduit 5. Furthermore, the shape of the lower base 82b of the bellows 8b is complementary to the shape of the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5.

[0118] The bellows 8b preferably has a cross-sectional area increasing from the upper base 81b to the lower base 82b. This allows the material 2 to be dispersed homogeneously in the container 3. In addition, this prevents the material 2 from being distributed in the container 3 in the form of agglomerates, the latter being limited due to the prior contact of the material with the bellows 8b.

[0119] The conveying means according to the second embodiment of the invention is a screw conveyor 7b. The screw conveyor 7b is further disposed in the distribution conduit 5 and the hopper 4. The screw conveyor 7b extends from said hopper 4 to the bellows 8b, passing through the distribution conduit 5.

[0120] The auger 7b conveys the material 2 from the hopper 4 to the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5. Furthermore, the auger 7b prevents the material 2 from falling by gravity from the hopper 4 to the opening 6, thus further limiting the formation of dust clouds. The auger 7b also controls the quantity of material 2 dispensed into the container 3. The auger 7b is rotatable, which allows the material 2 to be conveyed to the opening 6 and the bellows 8b.

[0121] The bellows 8b is connected to the worm gear at the free end 71b of the worm gear 7b. In addition, the upper base 81b of the bellows 8b is connected to the free end 71b of the worm gear 7b.

[0122] According to a preferred embodiment, the bellows 8b is fixedly connected to the worm gear 7b in such a way that the worm gear 7b imparts a rotational movement to the bellows 8b. This simplifies the design of the distribution device 1 and thus facilitates its maintenance and cleaning. According to another embodiment of the invention, the bellows 8b is movably connected to the worm gear in such a way that the bellows 8b does not rotate when the worm gear 7b is rotating.

[0123] An elastic, pneumatic, or hydraulic system 9b reduces the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b of the bellows 8b, thus allowing the bellows 8b to move from the open to the closed position. Furthermore, the internal volume V of the bellows 8b decreases as it moves from the open to the closed position. During this transition, the lower base 82b moves closer to the upper base 81b, and the diaphragm 83b deforms until the lower base 82b contacts the distribution conduit 5 and closes the opening 6. Therefore, during the transition from the open to the closed position, the distance between the upper base 81b and the lower base 82b decreases.

[0124] The elastic, pneumatic, or hydraulic system 9b also makes it possible to increase the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b of the bellows 8b, thus allowing the bellows 8b to move from the closed position to the open position. Furthermore, the internal volume V of the bellows 8b increases during the movement of the bellows 8b from the closed position to the open position. During the transition from the closed position to the open position, the lower base 82b moves away from the upper base 81b and the membrane 83b deforms, clearing the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5. Thus, during the transition from the open position to the closed position, the distance between the upper base 81b and the lower base 81b increases.

[0125] The elastic, pneumatic, or hydraulic system 9b comprises a conduit disposed within the distribution conduit 5, connected on one side to the bellows 8b and, on the other side, to a pneumatic or hydraulic means located outside the distribution device 1 (not shown in a figure). The conduit of the elastic, pneumatic, or hydraulic system 9b may be located inside the screw 7b to minimize bulk and facilitate maintenance and cleaning of the distribution device 1.

[0126] Figures 4 and 5 represent the distribution device 1 according to the second embodiment of the invention in which the deformable sealing means is represented by a bellows 8b.

[0127] The bellows 8b is in the open position in that it leaves the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5 clear, thus allowing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6 and therefore the distribution of the material 2 into the container 3. In addition, the lower base 82b of the bellows 8b is at a distance strictly greater than zero from the opening 6.

[0128] The bellows 8b in the open position occupies a volume within the distribution conduit 5 that allows the passage of material 2 through the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5. Furthermore, the lower base 82b of the bellows 8b in the open position is not in contact with the distribution conduit 5. The bellows 8b in the open position has an internal volume V greater than the internal volume V of the bellows 8b in the closed position. Furthermore, the bellows 8b in the open position is not in contact with the distribution conduit 5.

[0129] The bellows 8b in the open position delimits with the distribution conduit 5 a free space allowing the passage of the material 2 through the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5. In addition, the free space can be defined as the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 of the distribution conduit 5.

[0130] In the open position, the lower base 82b is at a distance strictly greater than zero, or non-zero, from the opening 6. This allows a passage to be defined between the membrane 83b and the inner wall of the distribution conduit 5 at the level of the opening 6.

[0131] It is possible to control the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b, and therefore the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6. Thus, controlling the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 makes it possible to define intermediate open positions in which the distance between the lower base 82b and the aperture 6 is between a minimum value not included and a maximum value.

[0132] The minimum value corresponds to a distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 equal to zero, or zero, with the bellows 8b in the closed position. The internal volume V of the bellows 8b is then at a minimum value.

[0133] The maximum value corresponds to the maximum distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6. The internal volume V of the bellows 8b is then at its maximum value. The maximum distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 also depends on the length of the membrane 83b.

[0134] The intermediate open positions correspond to positions of the lower base 82b relative to the opening 6. In addition, the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b allows the distance between the lower base 82b and the opening 6 to be determined. The distance between the upper base 81b and the opening 6 is, however, fixed.

[0135] The intermediate open positions do not obstruct the opening 6 in that they allow the passage of the material 2. The intermediate open positions allow the distribution flow rate of the material 2 to be regulated.

[0136] In the embodiment of the invention in which the distribution device 1 according to the second embodiment 1 comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic system 9b, the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b varies according to the pressure inside the bellows 8b. Furthermore, the pneumatic or hydraulic system 9b allows the introduction or extraction of a fluid into the internal chamber of the bellows 8b.

[0137] The introduction of a fluid into the internal space increases the pressure in the internal space, which moves the lower base 82b away from the upper base 81b, with the internal volume V also increasing.

[0138] Extracting a fluid from the internal space reduces the pressure in the internal space, bringing the lower base 82b closer to the upper base 81b, with the internal volume V also decreasing.

[0139] In the embodiment of the invention in which the distribution device 1 according to the second embodiment 1 comprises an elastic system 9b, the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b is directly dependent on the elastic system 9b. The elastic system 9b is, for example, a hydraulic or pneumatic piston. The elastic system 9b is connected to the lower base 82b and allows its translational movement relative to the fixed upper base 81b.

[0140] Increasing the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b allows for an increase in the internal volume V.

[0141] The decrease in the distance between the lower base 82b and the upper base 81b allows the decrease in the internal volume V.

[0142] The particular design of the bellows 8b means that the material 2 is only in contact with the screw 7b, the bellows 8b, the distribution conduit 5 and the hopper 4. This prevents material 2 from infiltrating the moving parts, facilitating the cleaning of the distribution device 1 and reducing the risk of damage to the distribution device 1.

[0143] Thus, a method for distributing matter 2 according to a second embodiment of the invention may contain the following steps: 1. Supply of a powdery or granular material, 2. Supply of a distribution device 1 according to the second embodiment, 3. provision of a container 3 positioned opposite the opening 6, 4. closing the bellows 8b so as to seal the opening 6, 5. Introduction into hopper 4 of the material 2 which flows by gravity to the lower end 42 of hopper 4, 6. Rotating the screw 7b so as to convey the material 2 from the hopper 4 to the opening 6, and 7. Opening of the bellows 8b so that the material 2 falls into the container 3.

[0144] The bellows 8b can also be used without the worm screw 7b. In addition, the bellows 8b can be used in the first embodiment described in Figures 1 and 2.

[0145] Conversely, the inflatable valve 8a can be used in the second embodiment described in Figures 3 to 6.

[0146] Indeed, the particular design of the distribution device 1 according to the invention allows for quick and easy changing of the sealing means 8a or 8b in order to adapt the device to the material 2 to be distributed.

[0147] Thus, it is possible to quickly change the conveying means 7a, 7b as well as the sealing means 8a, 8b to adapt the distribution device 1 to the type of material 2, powdery or granular, to be bagged.

[0148] The distribution device 1 according to the invention is particularly intended for bagging bulk material 2.

Claims

1.

2. Demands Device (1) for distributing a powdered or granular material (2) into a container (3), said device (1) comprising: - a hopper (4) intended to receive said material (2), - a distribution conduit (5) for said substance (2) comprising a first end (51) connected to said hopper (4) and a second end (52) comprising an opening (6) intended to be opposite said container (3), - a means of conveying (7a, 7b) said material (2) from said hopper (4) to said container (3), - a deformable closing means (8b) for said opening (6), located at least partly within said distribution conduit (5) and capable of adopting: - a closed position in which said opening (6) is in a sealed state preventing the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6), and - an open position in which said opening (6) is in a clear state allowing the passage of said material (2) through said opening (6), said deformable closing means (8b) being represented by a bellows (8b) comprising: - an upper base (81b) opposite said distribution conduit (5), - a lower base (82b) opposite said upper base (81b) and intended to be opposite said container (3), and - a deformable membrane (83b) connecting said upper base (81b) and said lower base (82b), said upper base (81b) having a first area lower than a second area of ​​said lower base (82b), said lower base (82b) being movable in translation relative to said upper base (81b), characterized in that said bellows (8b) has a cross-sectional area increasing from the upper base (81b) to the lower base (82b). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said bellows (8b) is elastically deformable and has a volume internal (V) varying during the passage of said bellows (8b) from the open position to the closed position and of the passage of said bellows (8b) from the closed position to the open position.

3. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said bellows (8b) moves from the closed position to the open position, and from the open position to the closed position by means of an elastic, pneumatic or hydraulic system (9b) allowing on the one hand to increase the distance between said upper base (81b) and said lower base (82b) and, on the other hand, to decrease the distance between said upper base (81b) and said lower base (82b).

4. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said bellows (8b) includes flexural zones (84b) suitable for allowing deformation of said bellows (8b) during the passage from the open position to the closed position and from the closed position to the open position.

5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deformable membrane (83b) is airtight.

6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper base (81b) is disposed in the distribution conduit (5), and in that the lower base (82b) is disposed outside the distribution conduit (5).

7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said bellows (8b) has a frustoconical shape.

8. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying means (7a, 7b) of said material (2) is a screw conveyor (7b) disposed in said distribution conduit (5) and said hopper (4) and extending from said hopper (4) to said bellows (8b).

9. Device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that said bellows (8b) is connected to a free end (71b) of the worm screw (7b).

10. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the means of conveying (7a, 7b) said material (2) is the gravitational force (7a).

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