STRESSED ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE

Abstract

1. Assembly assembly (10) comprising: a motor vehicle structural element (14) comprising fixing surfaces (16, 17), a member (28) of the motor vehicle, linked to an elastic bearing (20), a coaxial support (32) with an X axis passing through the elastic bearing and capable of being fixed under the fixing surfaces (16, 17) by screws (38), a device (42) for supporting the bearing (20) equipped with the support (32), capable of receiving the support (32) in support, characterized in that it comprises means for locking in rotation (44) the support (32) around the X axis and for locking in movement (46) the support (32) in a plane (X, Y) parallel to the surfaces (16, 17) to oppose the movement of the support (32) in response to a stress exerted by said member (28) on said elastic bearing (20). Figure for abstract: Figure 18.

Description

Title of the invention: STRESSED ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE Technical field of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to an assembly assembly for a motor vehicle comprising a subassembly of said vehicle to be assembled and a support device for assembling this subassembly. Technical background

[0002] The assembly of the various components of a motor vehicle often requires, on the assembly line of this vehicle, the use of devices to support these components.

[0003] This is the case in particular for the assembly of a vehicle component, for example a suspension link of a vehicle running gear, to a structural element of the vehicle by means of an elastic bearing. The support device is then part of a mounting support on which the entire running gear of the vehicle rests, this mounting support resting for example on a conveyor to be moved under a vehicle body so as to allow the assembly of the entire running gear, and in particular of the suspension link previously equipped with the elastic bearing, to a structural element of the vehicle body.

[0004] More generally, such support devices are used for the assembly on the chain of other components, such as, for example, powertrains or other mechanical components of motor vehicles, which are intended to be assembled to structural elements of these vehicles by means of elastic bearings.

[0005] In certain cases, such as in particular the case of a vehicle component forming part of a set of large components, as is the case for a suspension link forming part of a running gear of the vehicle, the movement of the entire running gear, which is particularly large, under the structural element of the vehicle body may require special precautions prior to its assembly to prevent the link from interfering with the structural element of the vehicle body.

[0006] Conventionally, this problem is solved by the interposition of an intermediate part between the bearing and the structural element of the vehicle body. Thus, according to the state of the art, it is known in the context of the assembly of a suspension rod linked to an outer ring of an elastic bearing, to mount this elastic bearing in an intermediate housing which is itself fixed under the element of body structure. An axle passes through an inner ring of the elastic bearing to ensure its attachment to the housing. The use of this intermediate housing makes it possible to increase the clearance between the connecting rod and the body structure element, thus avoiding interference of the connecting rod with this body structure element.

[0007] The disadvantage of such a design is that it requires the use of physical locating and positioning elements between the body structure element and the housing, to ensure correct positioning of the latter relative to the body structure element.

[0008] Furthermore, it is necessary to use in this case at least three fixing points, such as, for example, three screws, to ensure isostatic fixing of the housing relative to the body structure element.

[0009] However, for cost reasons, it is desirable to minimize the number of parts involved, and in the context of assembling a connecting rod on a body structure element, it has been proposed to use a bearing provided with a coaxial support in the form of a flat bar passing through the inner ring of this bearing, said coaxial support being fixed directly to the body structure element, which is hollowed out to allow the passage of the bearing.

[0010] The use of this coaxial support allows for a significant saving in parts, since it makes it possible to dispense with an intermediate housing and since it also allows the total number of screws to be reduced from four to two.

[0011] However, it has the disadvantage of bringing the connecting rod closer to the body structure element prior to assembly. It is therefore necessary in this case to tilt the connecting rod to prevent it from interfering with the body structure element. Since the connecting rod is connected to the outer ring of the bearing, which is itself elastically connected to the inner ring of the bearing and to the coaxial support, the tilting of the connecting rod necessarily causes the coaxial support to tilt, thus making it difficult to assemble it under the body structure element of the vehicle.

[0012] There is therefore a real need for an assembly assembly making it possible to immobilize the support in a position suitable for its assembly. Summary of the invention

[0013] The invention meets this need by proposing an assembly assembly comprising means for clamping the support relative to the structural element of the vehicle.

[0014] For this purpose, the invention proposes an assembly assembly, comprising:

[0015] - a motor vehicle subassembly, comprising: • a structural element of said motor vehicle comprising two flat fixing surfaces, • an elastic bearing comprising an inner ring with axis X, and at least one outer ring, • a component of the motor vehicle, linked to said outer ring, • a coaxial support passing through the inner ring of the bearing, comprising first and second plates extending on either side of the bearing, each plate being capable of being fixed to one of the flat fixing surfaces by a screw which passes through a first hole in said plate and which is introduced into the structural element,

[0016] - a bearing support device equipped with the support, capable of receiving in support the first and second plates of the support, said support device being movable vertically under said structural element and parallel to said flat fixing surface,

[0017] characterized in that it further comprises means for locking the support in rotation around the X axis and for locking the support in displacement in a plane parallel to said flat fixing surfaces relative to the support device to oppose the displacement of said support in response to a stress exerted by said member on said bearing.

[0018] The rotational locking means make it possible to ensure the immobilization of the coaxial support when the vehicle member exerts a stress, in this case a torsional torque, on the elastic bearing, in order to guarantee its maintenance in position in a position suitable for its mounting. The means for blocking the movement of the support also make it possible to reinforce this maintenance in position in a plane parallel to the flat fixing surface.

[0019] According to various additional characteristics of the invention, which may be taken together or separately and which form as many embodiments of the invention:

[0020] - the support device comprises first and second bearing surfaces receiving supporting the ends of the first and second plates opposite the bearing,

[0021] - the means for blocking the movement of the support comprise: • a pin, in particular a truncated cone, which is carried by the support device and extends perpendicular to one of the flat fixing surfaces, • a second hole, complementary to said pin and formed in the end of the first plate, capable of being received on said pin,

[0022] - the pin is mounted to slide relative to the support device perpendicularly to the associated flat fixing surface and it is elastically returned towards said associated flat fixing surface,

[0023] - the means for locking the support in rotation around the X axis comprise a lug extending axially from the end of the second plate, and a fork, carried by the support device whose branches are capable of cooperating with opposite edges relative to the X axis of said lug,

[0024] - the pin and the fork extend respectively from the first and second support surfaces, and are carried by a common frame,

[0025] - the fork is carried by a plate which is guided relative to the common frame by means of an axis slide perpendicular to one of the flat fixing surfaces,

[0026] - the assembly further comprises means for automatic positioning of the support relative to the structural element, comprising: • two threads, fixed relative to the structural element, coaxial with third holes formed in the fixing surfaces, and capable of receiving threaded ends of the screws, • the first holes formed in the plates, configured to be crossed with clearance by the threaded ends of said screws, • centering surfaces of said screws, arranged between heads of said screws and said threaded ends, of diameter corresponding to said first holes, • an escape end of the slide, shaped to allow the plate to escape from the slide at the end of its travel with a movement in a plane parallel to the flat fixing surface,

[0027] - the slide comprises: • at least one bore formed in the plate, with an axis perpendicular to the associated flat fixing surface, • at least one column, carried by the frame, received in said bore, said column comprising a first section joined to the frame, of the same diameter as the bore, and a second distal section, joined to the first section, of diameter smaller than that of the first section, forming the escape end of the slide.

[0028] The invention also relates to a method for assembling a motor vehicle subassembly under stress using an assembly assembly of the type described above, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:

[0029] i) arranging the member with the bearing equipped with the support with its plates resting on the support device and cooperating with the rotation locking and movement locking means of the support,

[0030] ii) exerting a constraint on said member so that it exerts a stress on the bearing,

[0031] iii) moving the support resting on the support device under the structural element by arranging each plate opposite a fixing surface,

[0032] iv) raising the support device under the structural element to a first docking position during which the screws are partially introduced into the structural element,

[0033] v) center the first holes in the plates on the screws,

[0034] vi) fixing said plates to the flat surfaces of the structural element to a second fixing position during which said screws, by cooperating with the plates and the structural element, stress the plates and lift at least one of the two plates so that said plate leaves the support device and escapes from the rotational locking means of the support,

[0035] vii) lowering the support device to release the support from the support device and the movement locking means,

[0036] viiii) releasing the stress on said organ. Brief description of the figures

[0037] The invention will be better understood, and other aims, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the detailed explanatory description which follows, of at least one embodiment of the invention given by way of purely illustrative and non-limiting example, with reference to the appended schematic drawings among which:

[0038] - [Fig.l] is a bottom view of a subassembly of a motor vehicle according to the invention;

[0039] - [Fig.2] is a detailed perspective view of the vehicle subassembly automobile of [Fig.l];

[0040] - [Fig.3] is a perspective overview of a mounting bracket equipped of a rear axle of a motor vehicle and in particular of a mounting assembly of a rear axle of a motor vehicle comprising a vehicle component, a bearing, a support and a support device according to the invention;

[0041] - [Fig.4] is a detail view of [Fig.3];

[0042] - [Fig.5] is a perspective view of the support device, the means of rotational locking, and of the member according to the invention;

[0043] - [Fig.6] is a side view of a rear axle of a motor vehicle;

[0044] - [Fig.7] is a side view of the rear axle of a motor vehicle resting on a support device according to a first rest position;

[0045] - [Fig.8] is a side view of the rear axle of a motor vehicle resting on the support device according to a second constrained position;

[0046] - [Fig.9] is a side view of the rear axle of a motor vehicle resting on the support device according to a third docking position of a structural element of the vehicle;

[0047] - [Fig. 10] is a side view of the rear axle of a motor vehicle leaving the support device according to a fourth screwing position under the structural element of the vehicle;

[0048] - [Fig.l 1] is a sectional view of the relative positions of the support, the element of structure, and a fixing screw associated with the third docking position;

[0049] - [Fig. 12] is a perspective view of the relative positions of the device of support, rotation locking means, and the member according to the invention associated with the third docking position;

[0050] - [Fig. 13] is a sectional view of the relative positions of the support, the element of structure, and a fixing screw associated with a first screwing step;

[0051] - [Fig. 14] is a sectional view of the relative positions of the support, the element of structure, and a fixing screw associated with a second screwing step;

[0052] - [Fig. 15] is a perspective view of the relative positions of the device of support, rotation locking means, and the member according to the invention associated with the second screwing step;

[0053] - [Fig. 16] is a sectional view of the relative positions of the support, the element of structure, and a fixing screw associated with a third screwing step;

[0054] - [Fig. 17] is a perspective view of the relative positions of the device of support, rotation locking means, and the member according to the invention associated with the third screwing step;

[0055] - [Fig. 18] is a sectional view of [Fig.4] through the plane X, Z;

[0056] - [Fig. 19] is a block diagram illustrating the steps of a subset of motor vehicle according to the invention. Detailed description of the invention

[0057] In the following description, identical reference numerals designate identical parts or parts having similar functions.

[0058] Figures 9 and 10 show an assembly assembly 10 according to the invention. The assembly 10 and its constituents will be described with reference to the directions of the trihedron "X, Y, Z" where "X" designates a longitudinal direction, "Y" designates a first substantially horizontal transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction "X", and "Z" designates a second substantially vertical transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction "X".

[0059] As can be seen overall in Figures 9 and 10, the assembly assembly 10 firstly comprises a motor vehicle subassembly 12, essentially comprising a structural element 14 of the motor vehicle. As shown schematically, this structural element 14 is a structural element of the vehicle body, in particular a base of a self-supporting body. of this vehicle. The structural element 14 has also been shown in Figures 1 and 2. As can be seen in [Fig.2], the body structural element 14 comprises two flat fixing surfaces 16, 17 arranged on either side of a recess 18.

[0060] The subassembly 12 also comprises an elastic bearing 20 comprising, as illustrated more particularly in [Fig. 6], an inner ring 22 of axis X, and at least one outer ring 24. The inner ring 22 and outer ring 24 are connected to each other by an element made of elastomer material 26 which conventionally ensures the elasticity of the elastic bearing 20. The recess 18 of the structural element 14 makes it possible to house the bearing 20.

[0061] A member 28 of the motor vehicle is connected to the outer ring 24. In the present case, the member 28 is a suspension rod forming part of a running gear 30 of the motor vehicle which has been shown in its entirety in Figures 1 and 3, and in profile in Figures 6 to 10.

[0062] The subassembly 12 also comprises a coaxial support 32 which passes through the inner ring 22 of the bearing 20. Essentially, as illustrated in [Fig. 2], this support 32 is shaped in the form of a flat bar comprising a first plate 34 and a second plate 36 extending on either side of the bearing 20. Each plate 34, 36 is capable of being fixed to one of the corresponding flat fixing surfaces 16, 17 of the structural element 14 by a screw 38 which passes through a first bore 40 of said plate and which is introduced into the structural element 14, that is to say into the underbody of the vehicle. The bores 40 of the plates 34, 36 have been shown in particular in FIGS. 4, 11, 13, 14, 16 and 18.

[0063] The subassembly 12 finally comprises a device 42 for supporting the bearing 20 equipped with the support 32. This support device 42 is capable of receiving the first and second plates 34, 36 of the support 32 as support. This support device 42 is part of a mounting support 43, which is for example capable of being moved by a conveyor (not shown) on a vehicle assembly line. The support device 42, which has been shown in detail in [Fig. 4], is, like the support 43 of which it is part, movable vertically in the Z direction under the structural element 14 and parallel to the flat fixing surfaces 16, 17 in a plane X, Y under the structural element 14.

[0064] According to the invention, the assembly assembly 10 further comprises means 44 for locking the support 32 against rotation around the axis X and means 46 for locking the support 32 against movement in a plane X, Y parallel to the flat fixing surfaces 16, 17 relative to the support device 42 to oppose the movement of the support 32 in response to a stress exerted by the member 28 on the bearing 20.

[0065] Indeed, in the context of the assembly of the rear axle 30, which is bulky, the movement of the rear axle 30 under the structural element 14 of the vehicle body requires special precautions to prevent it from interfering with the body structure element 14 of the vehicle.

[0066] However, the use of the coaxial support 32, which is fixed directly to the fixing surfaces 16, 17 of the structural element 14, has the disadvantage of bringing the member or connecting rod 28 closer to the body structure element 14 prior to assembly. It is therefore necessary in this case to tilt the connecting rod 28 to prevent it from interfering with the body structure element 14.

[0067] During assembly, the rear axle 30, initially free as shown in [Fig. 6], is placed on the mounting support 43, so that the support 32, connected to the connecting rod 28 by means of the bearing 20 rests on the support device 42, as shown in [Fig. 7]. In this configuration, the connecting rod 28 forms an angle α with the plane X,Y parallel to the fixing surfaces 16, 17 on which the support 32 must be fixed. To allow the passage of the connecting rod 28 under the body structure element 14, it is necessary to tilt the connecting rod 28 at an angle [3 greater than the angle α, as shown in [Fig. 8]. The inclination of the connecting rod 28 therefore introduces a stress into the bearing 20 which naturally tends to be transferred to the coaxial support 32, since the outer ring 24 of the bearing 20 is elastically connected to the inner ring 22 of the bearing 20 by means of the elastomeric material 26.The means 44 for locking the support 32 in rotation around the X axis and for locking 46 the support 32 in displacement in the X, Y plane make it possible to prevent the coaxial support 32 from tilting and to ensure its mounting.

[0068] Generally speaking, as can be seen in Figures 4 and 18, the support device 42 comprises first and second bearing surfaces 48, 50 receiving in support the ends of the first and second plates 34, 36 which are opposite the bearing 20. These first and second bearing surfaces 48, 50 are intended to allow the support of the first and second plates 34, 36 in the direction Z.

[0069] The means 46 for blocking the movement of the support comprise a pin 52, in particular a truncated cone, which is carried by the support device 42 and which extends perpendicular to one of the flat fixing surfaces 16. The means 46 for blocking the movement of the support comprise, in addition to this pin 52, a second bore 54, formed in the end of the first plate 34, capable of being received on said pin 52.

[0070] To ensure that the pin 52 accompanies the support 32 during its mounting under the fixing surfaces 16, 17, the pin 52 is mounted sliding relative to the support device 42 perpendicular to the associated flat fixing surface, here the first flat fixing surface 16, and it is elastically returned towards this surface 16. This guarantees the guidance of the support device 42 on the pin 52 as it rises from the support 32 towards the fixing surfaces 16, 17 and by this occasion also ensures locking in the X and Y directions of the support 32 relative to the support device 42.

[0071] The bearing surface 48 which immobilizes the support 32 in the Z direction and the pin 52 which immobilizes it in the X, Y plane perform two different functions. As such, they can be separated in different locations of the support device 42. However, preferably for reasons of compactness, the pin 52 extends from the first bearing surface 48. For this purpose, the pin 52 is mounted at the end of a rod 53 which is slidably mounted in a barrel 49 itself carried by the support device 42. The rod 53 is elastically returned into this barrel 49 by a spring 51 which ensures the elastic return of the pin 52 towards the first fixing surface 16. The end of the barrel 49, from which the pin 52 projects, comprises the first bearing surface 48.

[0072] As illustrated in Figures 5, 12, 15, and 17, the means 44 for locking the support 32 against rotation around the axis X, for their part, comprise a lug 56 which extends axially from the end of the second plate 36. The means 44 for locking the support against rotation also comprise a fork 58, carried by the support device 42, branches 60 of which are capable of cooperating with edges 62 of the lug 56, opposite relative to the axis X of said lug 56.

[0073] The bearing surface 50 which immobilizes the support 32 in the Z direction and the fork 58 which immobilizes the support in rotation around the axis in the X plane provide two different functions. As such, they can be separated in different locations of the support device 42. However, preferably, for the sake of compactness, the fork 58 extends from the associated bearing surface, that is to say here from the second bearing surface 50.

[0074] The fork 58 and the barrel 49 are carried by the same common frame 64, which has been shown in [Fig.4].

[0075] The fork 58 is not carried directly by the common frame 64. Indeed, as illustrated in FIGS. 5, 12, 15, 17, the fork 58 is carried by a plate 66 which is guided relative to the common frame by means of a slide 68 with an axis Z perpendicular to the associated flat fixing surface 17. This slide 68 makes it possible to accompany the fork 58 in its anti-rotational maintenance of the support 32 throughout its ascent towards the fixing surfaces 16, 17 as will be seen in the remainder of this description.

[0076] Finally, the assembly 10 further comprises means for automatically positioning the support 32 relative to the structural element 14.

[0077] These means comprise, firstly as can be seen in particular in figures 11, 13, 14, 16, 18, two threads 70, fixed relative to the structural element 14 which are coaxial with third holes 72 formed in the fixing surfaces 16, 17. As can be seen in [Fig. 18], the threads 70 are for example formed in sockets 74 which are mounted captive in tubular parts 75 of the body structure element 14.

[0078] As illustrated in Figures 11, 13, 14, 16, the threads 70 are capable of receiving threaded ends 76 of the screws 38.

[0079] The automatic positioning means further comprise the first bores 40 formed in the plates 34, 36. The first bores 40 are configured to be traversed with clearance by the threaded ends 76 of the screws 38, as shown in [Fig. 1 1]. The automatic positioning means also comprise centering surfaces 78 of the screws 38 which are intended to cooperate with the first bores 40. Each centering surface 78 has a diameter corresponding to the first bores 40 and is arranged between a head 80 of the screw 38 and the corresponding threaded end 76. Each centering surface 78 comprises at its junction with the threaded end 76 a frustoconical centering section 82. This frustoconical centering section 82 allows the introduction of the centering surface 78 into the first bores 40.The threaded end 76 of the centering surface 78 of the screw 38 plays a determining role in positioning the support 32, as will be seen in the remainder of this description.

[0080] Finally, the automatic positioning means comprise an escape end 84 of the slide 68, which is shaped to allow escape of the plate 66 from the slide 68 at the end of travel with a movement in the X, Y plane parallel to the flat fixing surface 17.

[0081] As can be seen in Figures 5, 12, and 17, the slide 68 comprises at least one bore 86 which is formed in the plate 66. This bore 86 is perpendicular to the associated flat fixing surface, that is to say here the second flat fixing surface 17. The slide 68 also comprises at least one column 88, carried by the frame 64, which is received in the bore 86. This column 88 comprises a first section 90 which is joined to the frame 64 and of the same diameter as the bore 86, and a second distal section 84, joined to the first section 90, of diameter less than a diameter of the first section 90, which forms the exhaust end of the slide 68.

[0082] It will be noted that, preferably, the rotation locking means 44 comprise two slides 68, in order to prevent rotation of the plate 66.

[0083] In this configuration, the subassembly 10 can advantageously be assembled using a constrained assembly method using an assembly assembly of the type described previously as shown in [Fig. 19] and in the previously cited figures.

[0084] As has been seen, the method comprises a first step i) during which the member formed by the connecting rod 28 is deposited with the bearing 20 equipped with the support 32 resting via its plates 34, 36 on the support device 42 and cooperating with the rotation locking means 44 and the movement locking means 46 of the support 32, as shown in [Fig.9].

[0085] Then, as illustrated in [Fig. 8], during a step ii) a constraint is exerted on the member 28 so that it exerts a stress on the bearing 20. This stress consists of exerting a torque on the connecting rod 28 so that it rotates around the bearing 20 in the plane Y, Z until said angle [3.

[0086] Then, during a step iii) the support 32 resting on the support device 42 is moved under the structural element 14 by arranging each plate 34, 36 opposite a fixing surface 16, 17 as shown in [Fig.18].

[0087] Then, during a step iv) the support device 42 is raised under the structural element 14 to a first docking position, shown in [Fig. 10], during which the screws 38 are partially introduced into the structural element. This position corresponds to the position of [Fig. 11] in which the threaded ends 76 of the screws 38 are introduced into the holes 72 of the fixing surfaces 16, 17. Associated with this position of [Fig. 1 1], the rotation locking means 44 are then in the position of [Fig. 5] with the bore 86 of the plate 66 sliding on the first sections 90 of the columns 88. The movement locking means of the support 32, that is to say the pin 52, received in the second bore 54 which it passes through, comes into contact with the first fixing surface 16.

[0088] Then, during a step v), the first holes 40 of the plates 34, 36 are centered on the screws 38.

[0089] To do this, as illustrated in [Fig. 13], firstly the threaded ends 76 of the screws 38 are introduced into the threads 70 of the structural element 14. The threaded ends 76 of the screws pass with clearance through the holes 72 of the fixing surfaces 16, 17 and the holes 40 of the plates 34, 36. In this position, the rotation locking means 44 are still in the position of [Fig. 5].

[0090] Then, by continuing to tighten the screws 38, as shown in [Fig. 14], the centering sections 82 of the screws 38 penetrate into the holes 40 of the plates, 34, 36 then in turn the centering surfaces 78 of the screws 38 penetrate into the holes 40. This is made possible by the fact that the plates 34, 36 are free to move in the X, Y plane. Indeed, simultaneously, the bores 86 of the plate 66 leave the first sections 90 of the columns 88 while remaining contained on the second sections 84, which allows the support 32 to move in the X, Y plane, as illustrated in [Fig. 15]. During this time, the pin 52 still accompanies the first plate 36 while remaining in contact with the first fixing surface 16, the return spring 51 of the rod 43 being compressed as the support 32 rises.

[0091] During a step vi), by continuing to tighten the screws 38, as shown in [Fig. 16], said plates 34, 36 are fixed to the flat surfaces 16, 17 of the element 14 of structure to a second fixing position during which 38, by cooperating with the plates 16, 17 and the structural element 14, the screws 38 stress the plates 34, 36 and lift at least one of the two plates (here the plate 36), so that it leaves the support device 42 and escapes from the locking means 44 in rotation

[0092] The support is then only still guided by the pin 52. The isostatism of the support 32 has therefore been transferred from the support device 42 to the structural element 14 during this operation.

[0093] Then during a step vii), the support device 42 is lowered to release the support 32 from the support device 42 and from the movement blocking means 46.

[0094] Finally, during a step viii), the stress on the connecting rod 28 is released.

[0095] The invention makes it possible to ensure the assembly of a motor vehicle train 30 comprising supports 32 of connecting rods 28 mounted directly on the structural element 14 in a simple and effective manner.

Claims

Claims

1. Assembly assembly (10), comprising: - a subassembly (12) of a motor vehicle, comprising: • a structural element (14) of said motor vehicle comprising two flat fixing surfaces (16, 17), • an elastic bearing (20) comprising an inner ring (22) of axis X, and at least one outer ring (24), • a member (28) of the motor vehicle, linked to said outer ring (2), • a coaxial support (32) passing through the inner ring (22) of the bearing (20), comprising first and second plates (34, 36) extending on either side of the bearing (20), each plate (34, 36) being capable of being fixed to one of the flat fixing surfaces (16, 17) by a screw (38) which passes through a first bore (40) of said plate (16, 17) and which is introduced e in the structural element (14), - a device (42) for supporting the bearing (20) equipped with the support (32), capable of receiving the first and second plates (34,36) of the support (32), said support device (42) being movable vertically under said structural element (14) and parallel to said flat fixing surfaces (16, 17), characterized in that it further comprises means for locking in rotation (44) of the support (32) around the axis X and for locking in displacement (46) of the support (32) in a plane (X, Y) parallel to said flat fixing surfaces (16, 17) relative to the support device (42) to oppose the displacement of said support (32) in response to a stress exerted by said member (28) on said bearing (20).,

2. Assembly assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the support device (42) comprises first and second bearing surfaces (50, 52) receiving in support ends of the first and second plates (34, 36) opposite the bearing (20).

3. Assembly assembly (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (46) for blocking the movement of the support (32) comprise: - a pin (52), in particular a truncated cone, which is carried by the support device (42) and extends perpendicular to one of the flat fixing surfaces (16), - a second bore (54), complementary to said pin (52) and formed in the end of the first plate (34), capable of being received on said pin (52).

4. Assembly assembly (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pin (52) is mounted to slide relative to the support device (42) perpendicular to the associated flat fixing surface (16) and in that it is elastically returned towards said associated flat fixing surface (16).

5. Assembly assembly (10) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the rotational locking means (46) of the support around the axis X comprise a lug (56) extending axially from the end of the second plate (36), and a fork (58), carried by the support device (42) whose branches (60) are capable of cooperating with edges (62) opposite relative to the axis X of said lug (56).

6. Assembly assembly (10) according to the preceding claim taken in combination with one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the pin (52) and the fork (58) extend respectively from the first and second bearing surfaces (34, 36), and are carried by a common frame (64).

7. Assembly assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the fork (58) is carried by a plate (66) which is guided relative to the common frame by means of a slide (68) with an axis (Z) perpendicular to the associated flat fixing surface (17).

8. Assembly assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it further comprises means for automatically positioning the support (32) relative to the structural element (14), comprising: - two threads (70), fixed relative to the structural element (14), coaxial with third holes (72) formed in the fixing surfaces (16, 17), and capable of receiving threaded ends (76) of the screws (38), - the first holes (40) formed in the plates (34, 36), configured to be crossed with clearance by the threaded ends (76) of said screws (38), - centering surfaces (78) of said screws (38), arranged between heads (80) of said screws (38) and said threaded ends (76), of diameter corresponding to said first holes (40), - an escape end (84) of the slide (68), shaped to allow escape of the plate (66) from the slide (68) at the end of travel with a clearance in a plane (X,Z) parallel to the associated flat fixing surface (17).

9. Assembly assembly (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the slide (68) comprises: - at least one bore (86) formed in the plate (66), with an axis (Z) perpendicular to the associated flat fixing surface (17), - at least one column (88), carried by the frame (64), received in said bore (86), said column (88) comprising a first section (90) joined to the frame (64), of the same diameter as the bore (86), and a second distal section, joined to the first section (90), of a diameter smaller than that of the first section (90), forming the exhaust end (84) of the slide (68).

10. Method for assembling a motor vehicle subassembly (12) under stress using an assembly assembly (10) of the type described above, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: i) arranging the member (28) with the bearing (20) equipped with the support (32) with its plates (34, 36) resting on the support device (42) and cooperating with the rotation locking means (44) and movement locking means (46) of the support (32), ii) exerting a stress on said member (28) so that it exerts a stress on the bearing (20), iii) moving the support (32) resting on the support device (42) under the structural element (14) by arranging each plate (34, 36) opposite a fixing surface (16, 17), iv) remounting the support device (42) under the structural element (14) to a first docking position during which the screws (38) are partially introduced into the structural element (14), v) center the first holes (40) of the plates (34, 36) on the screws (38), vi) fixing said plates (34, 36) to the flat surfaces (16, 17) of the structural element (14) to a second fixing position during which said screws (38), by cooperating with the plates (34, 36) and the structural element (14), stress the plates (14) and lift at least one of the two plates (17) so that it leaves the support device (42) and escapes from the means (44) for locking the support in rotation. vii) lowering the support device (42) to release the support (32) from the support device (32) and the movement locking means (46), (viiii) releasing the stress on said member (28).

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