Asymmetric biconical expansion chamber device

Abstract

An expansion chamber has a diverging section 102a, with an inlet 104, a conical diverter 108 and vanes 110 to cause swirl / vortex flow of gas expending in the chamber. At its largest diameter, the diverging section is joined to a converging section 102b leading to an outlet 106 the converging section 102b has a shallower angle than the expander portion 102a. Heat is extracted from the fluid in the chamber by transfer to cooling device 112. The outlet may be coupled to a vortex tube 414, with a hot outlet 414b, and a cold outlet 414a may be joined with the inlet airstream

Description

TITLE: ASYMMETRIC BICONICAL EXPANSION CHAMBER DEVICE FIELD OF INVENTION The present invention relates to an asymmetric bi-conical expansion chamber device. It is particularly applicable to increasing efficiencies in adiabatic turbine generation using differing working fluids from steam turbines to organic refrigerant cycle turbines. Its purpose is to reduce the temperature of the exit gas rapidly and assist efficient recondensation of the working turbine gas without causing a decrease in the efficiency of the work within the turbine by reducing the output pressure. BACKGROUND OF INVENTION Adiabatic Generation is an idealised state within physics wherein any difference in enthalpy of a gas is through work and not heat loss. In practice this does not occur but it describes an ideal turbine. The efficiency of a turbine process is defined by the amount of work produced by the turbine by the incoming pressurised gas. The greater the difference between input pressure and exit pressure, the greater the efficiency of work conversion within the turbine. Cooling a gas on the exit of a turbine is an ideal way of reducing the exit pressure and the rate of cooling affects the output pressure. In an idealised situation, the exit pressure would be close to zero and the cooling energy plus the latent heat of condensation would be reabsorbed. In practice this does not happen and this results in an upper limit on efficiency of turbines and carbon fuel based energy conversion efficiency. Gas cools rapidly when introduced to a large space however at the same time exit velocity out of the turbine is reduced which in turn reduces turbine efficiency. The invention seeks to allow a large expansion space without a decrease in velocity through the asymmetric biconical expansion chamber (ABEC). It does this by taking advantage of the properties of natural vortexes. The purpose of the first conical shape is to allow expansion of the incoming gas whilst the gas is injected tangentially to accentuate vortexing. The guide vanes encourage vortexing and turbulence. The vortexing increases cooling and incoming turbulence and the shallow inlet conical shape provides a large expansion area. This design also keeps a large density of incoming gas in contact with the inner surface of the expansion chamber which is the heat exchange interface. CFD modelling has shown that the greater the inlet mass speed, the shallower the incoming conical shape can be upto a maximum angle whereupon the impact of vortexing is eliminated. The less the incoming gas speed, the shallower (from the horizontal axis) the incoming conical shape can be. The air vortexes around the incoming conical shape and meets the second exit conical shape which begins to accelerate the vortex speed due to the decrease in radius of the vortex. This increase in vortex speed increases the centrifugal force which in turn increases the gas density at the boundary heat exchange surface (inner surface of the cylinder). This in turn increases the cooling rate. The greater vortex speed and centrifugal force is offset by a lower pressure in the centre of the vortex which acts as a low pressure vacuum to pull in air from the centre of the ABEC cylinder. This plus the contraction volume of the gas results in a velocity increase in the gas which equals the velocity decrease caused by the expansion at exit of the turbine. This allows cooling of exit turbine gas without the concomitant loss of velocity of gas exiting the turbine and exit pressure. The ideal gas turbine would allow phase change of the working gas. Water expands to 1600 times its original volume when it changes phase. If water could be condensed and the latent heat of condensation recovered, steam turbine process efficiency would increase by 30%. This is not currently done as the technology does not exist. Instead steam turbines use reheating steam and multi-stage turbine generation (with blade design optimised for differing pressure types). ORC Rankine turbines also work by recovering heat from industrial processes to turn a turbine. Repeated expansion and contraction through phase exchange of the working gas is not used due to the problems associated with rapid cooling and recovery of heat from this process. The invention when used in series would allow cooling and recovery of energy from exit gas without loss of efficiency at the turbine exit Gases / air are a phase of matter where all the atoms or molecules are moving independently of each other all the time. All these molecules move at a different speed but if we take the average speed of all the molecules, we get the temperature of the gas. If a particular gas has a large number of fast molecules, the gas is hot. On the other hand, if a particular gas has mostly slow molecules, then the gas is cold. The average speed of a gas is also called the kinetic energy of the gas. When combining the average speed for each molecule with all the molecules in the gas you get heat. Heat is basically the average speed of a single gas molecule multiplied by all the molecules in the gas. Heat can be seen as the total amount of energy of all the molecules in a certain gas. When gas expands, the decrease in pressure causes the molecules to slow down. This makes the gas cold. Energy within a gas is both translational, rotational, kinetic and vibrational within the bonds of the particular gas molecule. Conventional gas / air heat exchange devices rely totally on heat exchange area and temperature difference between hot and cold working fluid. Super-critical gas steam turbines and steam turbines in general are unable to increase turbine efficiencies by rapidly cooling exit steam and causing condensation and therefore contraction of steam. Water converting to steam expands by over 1600 times its original volume and can contract by 1600 times its volume when condensing. If the latent heat of condensation could be efficiently and rapidly collected, then steam turbine efficiency would increase massively. Equally, cooling and condensation works by large surface area devices and cold working fluids. These working fluids are reliquefied normally using condensers which result in large energy consumption forcing the exit gas into a smaller area resulting in heat loss through the condenser and reliquification of the refrigerant or working fluid. ‘When cooling occurs at the exit of steam turbines, it is normally done through expansion of the gas into a large space resulting in cooling. This of course is logical, but it results in a decrease in exit velocity and increase in pressure at the turbine exit. This invention seeks to provide rapid expansion cooling without the resulting decrease in exit velocity of gas from a turbine (steam or organic Rankine cycle turbines). The invention allows rapid cooling without velocity and pressure decrease at the exit of turbines by taking advantage of the characteristics of natural vortexes on angular momentum and velocity. This invention allows cooling without the use of mechanical compressors and the concomitant parasitic energy losses therein. OBJECTS Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies, are as follows: An object of the present disclosure is to ameliorate one or more problems of the prior art or to at least provide a useful alternative. Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an asymmetric bi-conical expansion chamber device. Yet another object of the present disclosure 1s to provide a system of multiple asymmetric bi- conical expansion chamber devices connected in series. Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for extracting heat from an expanding gas / air. Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE In an aspect, the present disclosure provides an Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) Device. The ABEC comprises a hollow biconical body, conical diverter, a plurality of guiding vanes, an energy extracting coil, and at least one fin. The hollow biconical body is having a diverging section and a converging section, an inlet pipe is provided at the beginning of the diverging section and an outlet pipe is provided at the end of the converging section, wherein the diverging section and the converging section meet at a maximum diameter section. The conical diverter is provided at the inlet, wherein the conical diverter is configured to disperse the incoming air towards the inner side of the wall of the diverging section. The plurality of guiding vanes provided at the inner side of the wall of the hollow biconical body, and the guiding vanes are configured to facilitate formation of vortex of the diverted air. In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of guiding vanes is provided at the inner side of the wall of the diverging section. Formation of vortex of air inside the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device increases the time duration of contact of the air with the wall of the ABEC and hence promotes higher heat transfer as compared to a flow of air without vortex. The energy extracting means having a heat exchanging medium flowing through the energy extracting means provided on the biconical body, wherein the energy extracting means extracts the energy released from the expansion of air. The energy extracting means have a heat exchange medium flowing through to extract the heat released from the expansion of air. The heat exchange medium is selected from ethanol, liquid nitrogen, water, R32, R-134a, R-410A, R-407C, and R- an The fins are provided inside the hollow biconical body. The fins are thermally coupled with the wall of the hollow biconical body to increase the surface area available for extracting energy from the expansion of air in the of the hollow biconical body. The axial length of the converging section is greater than the axial length of the diverging section. In preferred embodiments, the axial length of the converging section is 1.5-5 times the axial length of the diverging section. Small axial length of the diverging section promotes rapid expansion of gas or air, which leads to heat rejection of air / gas to the energy extracting means. Large axial length of the converging section provides a large surface area for the absorption of the energy rejected by the expansion of the gas. In an embodiment, ABEC is connected with a vortex tube to make a Vortex Assisted Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chambers (VAABEC). The vortex tube has a cold outlet and a hot outlet and bifurcates the incoming air into cold air and hot air. The cold outlet is fluidically connected to the hollow biconical body to recirculate the cold air into the hollow biconical body. The VAABEC comprises a hollow biconical body, an inlet, an outlet conical diverter, a plurality of guiding vanes, an energy extraction means, at least one vortex tube and at least one fin. The hollow biconical body is having a diverging section, a converging section, wherein the axial length of the diverging section is shorter than axial length of the converging section. The conical diverter is provided at the inlet, wherein the conical diverter is configured to disperse the incoming air towards the inner side of the wall of the hollow biconical body. The plurality of guiding vanes is provided at the inner side of the wall of the hollow biconical body, and the guiding vanes are configured to create a forced vortex of the dispersed air. The energy extraction means configured to extract the energy released from the expansion of air flowing through the VAABEC, wherein the energy extraction means are selected from cooling coil or cooling jacket and provided around the hollow biconical body and having a heat exchanging medium flowing through the energy extraction means. The vortex tube is fluidically coupled with the hollow biconical body of VAABEC, wherein the vortex tube is having a cold outlet and a hot outlet and bifurcates the incoming air into cold air and hot air. The cold outlet is fluidically connected to the hollow biconical body to recirculate the cold air into the hollow biconical body. Fins are provided inside the hollow biconical body and thermally coupled with the wall of the hollow biconical body to cool the air passing through the of the hollow biconical body. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of extracting heat released from the expansion of air. The method comprises steps of: a. providing an air flow in the inlet pipe of Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device; b. expanding air in the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device; c. extracting heat released during the expansion of air with the energy extracting means provided on the biconical body to provide cooled air; and d. forming vortex of air inside the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device by the guiding vanes to increases the time duration of contact of the air with the wall of the ABEC and hence promotes higher heat transfer as compared to a flow of air without vortex; and e. rejecting the cooled air from the outlet of the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) Device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.1 illustrates a side view of an Asymmetric Bi-conical Expansion Chamber device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG.2 illustrates a side cross-sectional view of the Asymmetric Bi-conical Expansion Chamber device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG.3 illustrates a side cross-sectional view of multiple Asymmetric Bi-conical Expansion Chambers device placed in series according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 illustrates a side cross-sectional view of Vortex Assisted Asymmetric Bi-conical Expansion Chambers device according to one embodiment of the present invention. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERAL 100 Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chambers (ABEC) 102 Hollow biconical body of ABEC Diverging section of ABEC Converging section of ABEC Maximum diameter section Inlet pipe of ABEC Outlet pipe of ABEC Conical diverter of ABEC Guiding vanes Energy extraction means of ABEC Fin Multiple Asymmetric Bi-conical Expansion Chamber System First ABEC Second ABEC Third ABEC Vortex Assisted Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (VAABEC) Hollow biconical body of VAABEC Diverging section of VAABEC Converging section of VAABEC 402¢ Maximum diameter section 404 Inlet of VAABEC 406 Outlet of VAABEC 408 Conical diverter of VAABEC 410 Guiding vanes of VAABEC 412 Energy extraction means of VAABEC 414 Vortex tube 414a Cold outlet of vortex tube 414b | Hot outlet of vortex tube 416 Fin of VAABEC DETAILED DESCRIPTION Embodiments are provided so as to thoroughly and fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to the person skilled in the art. Numerous details are set forth, relating to specific components, and methods, to provide a complete understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the details provided in the embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, well-known processes, well-known apparatus structures, and well-known techniques are not described in detail The terminology used in the present disclosure is only for the purpose of explaining a particular embodiment and such terminology shall not be considered to limit the scope of the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure, the forms "a," "an," and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having," are open-ended transitional phrases and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, modules, units and / or components, but do not forbid the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. The particular order of steps disclosed in the method and process of the present disclosure is not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance as described or illustrated. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed. The terms first, second, third, etc., should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure as the aforementioned terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another component, region, layer or section. Terms such as first, second, third, etc., when used herein do not imply a specific sequence or order unless clearly suggested by the present disclosure. The device works on the asymmetry of natural vortexes caused by the differing conical shapes. In an aspect, the present disclosure provides an Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) Device which solves the problem mentioned hereinabove. FIG.1 and FIG.2 illustrate an Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) Device (100). The ABEC (100) comprises a hollow biconical body (102), conical diverter (108), a plurality of guiding vanes (110), an energy extracting means (112), and at least one fin (114). The hollow biconical body (102) is having a diverging section (102a) and a converging section (102b), an inlet pipe (104) provided at the beginning of the diverging section (102a) and an outlet pipe (106) provided at the end of the converging section (102b), wherein the diverging section (102a) and the converging section (102b) meet at a maximum diameter section (102c). The inlet pipe (104) diameter is 1-3 times the outlet (106) diameter to maintain high air pressure. The conical diverter (108) is provided at the inlet (104), wherein the conical diverter (108) is configured to divert the incoming air towards the inner side of the wall of the diverging section (102a). The plurality of guiding vanes (110) provided at the inner side of the wall of the hollow biconical body (102), and the guiding vanes (110) are configured to facilitate formation of vortex of the diverted air. In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of guiding vanes (110) is provided at the inner side of the wall of the diverging section (102a). Formation of vortex of air inside the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) increases the time duration of contact of the air with the wall of the ABEC and hence promotes higher heat transfer as compared to a flow of air without vortex. The energy extracting means (112) having a heat exchanging medium flowing through the energy extracting means (112) provided on the biconical body (102), wherein the energy extracting means (112) extracts the energy released from the expansion of air. The energy extracting means have a heat exchange medium flowing through to extract the heat released from the expansion of air. The heat exchange medium is selected from ethanol, liquid nitrogen, water, R32, R-134a, R-410A, R- 407C, and R-22. The fins (114) are provided inside the hollow biconical body (102). The fins (114) are thermally coupled with the wall of the hollow biconical body (102) to increase the surface area available for extracting energy from the expansion of air in the of the hollow biconical body (102). In an embodiment, the axial length of the converging section (102b) is greater than the axial length of the diverging section (102a). In preferred embodiments, the axial length of the converging section (102b) is 1.5-5 times the axial length of the diverging section (102a). Small axial length of the diverging section (102a) promotes rapid expansion of gas or air, which leads to heat rejection of ait / gas to the energy extracting means (112). Large axial length of the converging section (102b) provides a large surface area for the absorption of the energy rejected by the expansion of the gas. In an embodiment, ABEC (100) is connected with a vortex tube (414) to make a Vortex Assisted Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chambers (VAABEC). The vortex tube (414) has a cold outlet (414a) and a hot outlet (414b) and bifurcates the incoming air into cold air and hot air. The cold outlet is fluidically connected to the hollow biconical body to recirculate the cold air into the hollow biconical body. FIG.4 illustrates a perspective view of the Vortex Assisted Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chambers (VAABEC) (400). The VAABEC (400) comprises a hollow biconical body (402), an inlet (404), an outlet (406) conical diverter (408), a plurality of guiding vanes (410), an energy extraction means (412), at least one vortex tube (414) and at least one fin (416). The hollow biconical body (402) is having a diverging section (402a), a converging section (402b), wherein the axial length of the diverging section (402a) is shorter than axial length of the converging section (402b). The conical diverter (408) is provided at the inlet (404), wherein the conical diverter (408) is configured to disperse the incoming air towards the inner side of the wall of the hollow biconical body (402). The plurality of guiding vanes (410) provided at the inner side of the wall of the hollow biconical body (402), and the guiding vanes (410) are configured to create a forced vortex of the dispersed air. The energy extraction means (412) configured to extract the energy released from the expansion of air flowing through the VAABEC (400), wherein the energy extraction means are selected from cooling coil or cooling jacket and provided around the hollow biconical body (402) and having a heat exchanging medium flowing through the energy extraction means (412). The vortex tube (414) is fluidically coupled with the hollow biconical body (402) of VAABEC (400), wherein the vortex tube (414a) is having a cold outlet (414a) and a hot outlet (414b) and bifurcates the incoming air into cold air and hot air. The cold outlet (414a) is fluidically connected to the hollow biconical body (402) to recirculate the cold air into the hollow biconical body (402). Fins (416) are provided inside the hollow biconical body (402) and thermally coupled with the wall of the hollow biconical body (402) to cool the air passing through the of the hollow biconical body (402). In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of extracting heat released from the expansion of air. The method comprises steps of: a. providing an air flow in the inlet pipe (104) of Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) Device (100); b. expanding air in the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100); c. extracting heat released during the expansion of air with the energy extracting means (112) provided on the biconical body (102) to provide cooled air; and d. forming vortex of air inside the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) by the guiding vanes (110) to increases the time duration of contact of the air with the wall of the ABEC and hence promotes higher heat transfer as compared to a flow of air without vortex; and e. rejecting the cooled air from the outlet (106) of the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) Device (100). CFD SIMULATION EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS: ‘Various simulations were carried out to test the functioning of Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) devices to cool down the air in simulation software Solidworks. The wall temperature of ABEC is maintained at 195.15 K by the heat exchange means in all the experiments. Experiment 1 A single ABEC was used in the simulation, wherein the dimensions of the ABEC are given below: Inlet diameter — 45 mm Outlet diameter — 45 mm Total axial length — 330 mm Maximum diameter — 125 mm Axial length of diverging section — 100 mm Axial length of converging section — 150 mm Dimension of guiding vanes — 15*1 mm Process parameters used in experiment 1 are as shown below: Inlet pressure — 101337.09 Pa Inlet velocity — 2.979 m / s Inlet temperature —258 K ‘Wall temperature — 195.15 K Results of experiment 1: Outlet pressure — 101324.97 Pa Outlet velocity — 3.045 m / s Outlet temperature — 252.37 K Temperature change (inlet temperature — outlet temperature) — 5.63 K. Experiment 2 A single ABEC was used in the simulation, wherein the maximum diameter was changed from 125 mm to 457.2 mm or 18 inches. Axial length was also changed. Dimensions of the ABEC used are given below: Inlet diameter — 45 mm Outlet diameter — 45 mm Total axial length — 1060 mm Maximum diameter — 12-inch, 304.8 mm Axial length of diverging section — 300 mm Axial length of converging section — 600 mm Dimension of guiding vanes — 15*¥1 mm Parameters used in Experiment 2: Inlet pressure — 101352.29 Pa Inlet velocity — 3.516 m / s Inlet temperature —258 K ‘Wall temperature — 195.15 K Results observed in experiment 2: Outlet pressure — 101325.23 Pa Outlet velocity — 2.893 m / s Outlet temperature — 238.23 K Temperature change observed— 19.77 K Experiment 3 A single ABEC was used in the simulation, wherein the inlet pipe an outlet pipe diameter were changed from 45 mm to 50mm. Dimensions of ABEC in experiment 3: Inlet diameter — 50 mm Outlet diameter — 50 mm Total axial length — 1060 mm Maximum diameter — 12-inch, 304.8 mm Axial length of diverging section — 300 mm Axial length of converging section — 600 mm Dimension of guiding vanes — 15*¥1 mm Parameters used in experiment 3: Inlet pressure — 101327.79 Pa Inlet velocity — 2.862 m / s Inlet temperature — 258 k Wall temperature — 195.15 K Results observed in experiment 3: Outlet pressure — 101324.87 Pa Outlet velocity — 2.44 m / s Outlet temperature — 238.88 K Temperature change — 19.22 K Experiment 4: A series of 3 ABEC was used in the simulation as shown Dimensions of ABEC in experiment 4: Inlet diameter — 50 mm Outlet diameter — 50 mm Total axial length — 1060 mm *3 Maximum diameter — 12-inch, 304.8 mm Axial length of diverging section — 300 mm Axial length of converging section — 600 mm Dimension of guiding vanes — 15*1 mm Parameters used in experiment 4: Inlet pressure — 101360.335 Pa Inlet velocity — 2.78 m / s Inlet temperature — 258 K ‘Wall temperature — 195.15 K Results observed in experiment 4: Outlet pressure — 101324.24 Pa Outlet velocity —2.378m / s Outlet temperature — 218.5 K Temperature change — 39.5 K INFERENCES A temperature change of 5.63 K to 19.22 K is observed across the inlet and outlet of the ABEC. A temperature change of 39.5K is observed when 3 ABEC are used in series. Small axial length of the diverging section promotes rapid expansion of gas or air, which leads to heat rejection of air / gas to the energy extracting means. Large axial length of the converging section provides a large surface area for the absorption of the energy rejected by the expansion of the gas. TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENTS The present disclosure described hereinabove has several technical advantages including, but not limited to, a reverse fractionation system. The technical advancements are enumerated hereunder: Utilization of heat released during expansion of gas. Increase in duration of heat exchange by formation of vortex of air / gas in expansion chamber. Easy to retrofit in any cooling system for cooling of gas / air. Small axial length of the diverging section promotes rapid expansion of gas or air, which leads to heat rejection of air / gas to the energy extracting means. Large axial length of the converging section provides a large surface area for the absorption of the energy rejected by the expansion of the gas. The asymmetry of the incoming conical shape to the outgoing conical shape allows for a large expansion volume without compromising the overall velocity of the incoming gas. A decrease in velocity would result in a decrease in turbine efficiency wherein the gas exits the turbine and into the ABEC. The longer converging section and the direction of the incoming air flows plus the guide grooves cause an increase in angular momentum on gas at edges of the exit funnel. This gas is in close contact with the expansion cylinder and is cooled by the working fluid refrigerant. CO2 has a thin boundary layer compared to steam and non linear molecules. As a result, ABEC is designed to increase the turbulence at the boundary layer. The increase in angular momentum at the extremities of the body of ABEC results in a corresponding decrease in air flow velocity nearer the center of the diverging section. There are also centripetal and centrifugal forces in play. The centrifugal forces will result in a greater concentration of gas near the body of ABEC and therefore a greater heat transfer due to the increased mass at the edge, The centripetal force is a low pressure and colder area in the middle of the cylinder. The force of the low pressure filling in (centripetal force) being equivalent to the centrifugal force in the expansion cylinder. The reduction in flow rate in the center of the ABEC due to the conservation of angular momentum and the centripetal force result would slow down the overall velocity of the gas through the ABEC but the decrease in diameter of the converging section increases the velocity out. The net impact is that cooling is achieved without a large decrease in gas velocity out of the ABEC and therefore impact on the exit velocity of the gas from the turbine. The numerical values given for various physical parameters, dimensions, and quantities are only approximate values and it is envisaged that the values higher than the numerical value assigned to the physical parameters, dimensions, and quantities fall within the scope of the invention unless there is a statement in the specification to the contrary. ‘While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the specific features of the preferred embodiment, it will be appreciated that many additional features can be added and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiment without departing from the principles of the disclosure. These and other changes in the preferred embodiment of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the disclosure and not as a limitation.

Claims

1. An Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) for extracting heat from an expanding gas / air, wherein the device (100) comprises:a. a hollow biconical body (102), wherein the hollow biconical body (102) is having a diverging section (102a) and a converging section (102b), an inlet pipe (104) provided at the beginning of the diverging section (102a) and an outlet pipe (106) provided at the end of the converging section (102b), wherein the diverging section (102a) and the converging section (102b) meet at a maximum diameter section (102c);b. a conical diverter (108) is provided at the junction of inlet pipe (104) and diverging section (102a), wherein the conical diverter (108) is configured to divert the incoming air towards inner side of the wall of the diverging section (102a);c. a plurality of guiding vanes (110) is provided at the inner side of the wall of the biconical body (102), wherein the guiding vanes (110) are configured to facilitate formation of vortex of the dispersed air;e. an energy extraction means (112) is provided on the biconical body (102), wherein the energy extracting means (112) extracts the energy released from the expansion of air; andf. at least one fin (114) provided inside the hollow biconical body (102) and the fin (114) is thermally coupled with the wall of the hollow biconical body (102) to increase the surface area available for extracting energy from the expansion of air in the of the hollow biconical body (102).

2. The Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the axial length of the converging section (102b) is greater than the axial length of the diverging section (102a).

3. The Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the axial length of the converging section (102b) is 1.5-10 times the axial length of the diverging section (102a).

4. The Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inlet pipe (104) diameter is 1-3 times the outlet (106) diameter to maintain high air pressure.

5. The Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inlet pipe (104) diameter is preferably twice the outlet pipe (106) diameter to maintain high air pressure.

6. The Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of guiding vanes (110) is provided at the inner side of the wall of the diverging section (102a).

7. The Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the energy extracting means (112) is selected from coils or jacket provided on the wall of the biconical body (102), wherein the energy extracting means have a heat exchange medium flowing through to extract the heat released from the expansion of air.

8. The Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) as claimed in claim 7, the heat exchange medium is selected from ethanol, liquid nitrogen, water, R32, R-134a, R-410A, R-407C, and R-22.

9. A Vortex Assisted Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (VAABEC) device (400), wherein the VAABEC (400) comprises:a. a hollow biconical body (402) having a diverging section (402a) and a converging section (402b), an inlet (404) provided at the beginning of the diverging section (402a) and an outlet (406) provided at the end of the converging section (402b), wherein the axial length of the diverging section (420a) is shorter than axial length of the converging section (402b);b. a conical diverter (408) provided at the inlet (404), wherein the conical diverter (408) is configured to disperse the incoming air towards inner side of the wall of the diverging section (402a);c. a plurality of guiding vanes (410) provided on the inner side of the wall of the hollow biconical body (402) and the guiding vanes (410) are configured to create forced vortex of the dispersed air;d. an energy extraction means (412) configured to extract the energy released from the expansion of air flowing through the VAABEC (400), wherein the energy extractionmeans are selected from cooling coil or cooling jacket and provided around the hollow biconical body (402) and having a heat exchanging medium flowing through the energy extraction means (412);e. at least one vortex tube (414) is fluidically coupled with the hollow biconical body (402) to receive gas from the outlet (406) of the body (402), wherein the vortex tube (414) is having a cold outlet (414a) and a hot outlet (414b) and bifurcates the incoming air into cold air and hot air, wherein the cold outlet is fluidically connected to the hollow biconical body (402) to recirculate the cold air into the hollow biconical body (402); andf. at least one fin (416) is provided inside the hollow biconical body (402) and thermally coupled with the wall of the hollow biconical body (402) to cool the air passing through the hollow biconical body (402).

10. A method of extracting heat released from the expansion of air, wherein the method comprises steps of:a. providing an air flow in the inlet pipe (104) of Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) Device (100);b. expanding air in the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100);c. extracting heat released during the expansion of air with the energy extracting means (112) provided on the biconical body (102) to provide cooled air; andd. forming vortex of air inside the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) device (100) by the guiding vanes (110) to increases the time duration of contact of the air with the wall of the ABEC and hence promotes higher heat transfer as compared to a flow of air without vortex; ande. rejecting the cooled air from the outlet (106) of the Asymmetric Biconical Expansion Chamber (ABEC) Device (100).

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