Active and passive composite turbulent vortex multi-stage reinforced coal slime classification device

Abstract

An active and passive composite turbulent vortex multi-stage enhanced coal slime classification apparatus, comprising a material loosening and layering cylinder, a turbulent vortex detection structure

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of classification devices, and particularly to an active and passive composite turbulent vortex multi-stage reinforced coal slime classification device. BACKGROUND China is the largest coal mining and consuming country in the world, and coal not only occupies the main position in China's energy consumption structure, but also is an extremely important industrial raw material, thus playing an important role in the development of China's green economy. At present, due to the increasing depth and mechanization of coal mining, a content of coal slime in raw coal is getting higher and higher, so that efficient classification of the coal slime is very important for clean and efficient utilization of coal. At present, commonly used coal slime classification devices in industry mainly comprise a vibrating screen, a sieve bend, a hydraulic classification cyclone, a desliming tank, a spiral separator, and the like, and although the above devices show the advantages of large treatment capacity, small maintenance, high degree of automation, low operating cost, and the like after continuous structural performance optimization, the demand for improving classification efficiency is still outstanding under the new situation of the rapidly increased content of the coal slime. This not only is related to the quality of coal washing products, but also affects the stability, energy saving and consumption reduction of a production system. Therefore, a coal slime classification device with higher classification efficiency is an urgent problem to be solved in coal washing and processing industry. Focusing on improving the classification efficiency, the invention patent with the publication number CN 101844115A discloses a three-product cyclone classifying screen, which comprises a cylindrical draft tube, a cyclone cylinder and a cyclone cone, wherein a lower end port of the cyclone cylindrical draft tube is connected with a cylinder screen, the cylinder screen is sleeved in the cyclone cylinder, the cylinder screen is sleeved inside the cyclone cone, the cyclone cone is provided with a water supply, a flow guide disc is arranged between a central tube and a cone screen, fine particles are screened through the screen by using a pressure difference of outer rotational flows of a side wall under a powerful centrifuge field, and coarse circulatory flows around the side wall and a top cover of the cyclone are 14 08 24 eliminated, but there is a phenomenon of backflow in a lower portion of the cylinder screen of the device; the invention patent with the publication number CN 268493Y discloses a cyclone with a filter screen, wherein one filter screen is arranged between a feed pipe and an overflow pipe, a diameter and a shape of the filter screen are the same as an axial zero-speed envelope surface of the cyclone, a lower portion of the screen is open, and an upper portion of the screen is connected with a top portion of a feed cavity, so that the problem of overflow coarseness can be solved to a certain extent, but the problem of underflow pinching is not solved; the invention patent with publication number CN109794353B discloses a three-product radial magnetic-field magnetic cyclone for magnetite separation and classification, wherein a magnetic field is built in a bottom portion of a cylinder section to realize the separation of interlocked coarse grains and magnetite, and the invention is mainly used for magnetite classification, but the applicability to classification of other minerals is not mentioned; the invention patent with the publication number CN113333185B provides a three-phase cyclone separator with a diversion cone in a center, which comprises a solid-liquid cyclone separation section and a liquid-liquid cyclone separation section, wherein the solid-liquid cyclone separation section comprises a large cylinder, a solid-liquid mixed phase double-cut inlet, a solid-liquid cyclone separation cavity, a double-cut solid discharge outlet and the diversion cone, and the liquid-liquid cyclone separation section comprises a cylinder section, a cone section, a liquid-liquid cyclone separation cavity, a heavy phase outlet pipe and a light phase outlet pipe, but the invention is used for removing oil and coke powder from sulfur-containing wastewater in delayed coking, and the adaptability to coal slime is not mentioned; and the application number 202021200410.8 and the application number 202010592986.1 disclose a multi-field composite fine particle classification device, which comprises a feed guide cylinder, a cyclone screening cylinder screen, an electromagnetic classification cylinder, a centrifugal classification cone and a vortex detection cylinder, and can realize efficient fine particle classification under a composite action of multiple fields of gravity, centrifugal force and electromagnetic force, but because coal slime particles have no electromagnetic characteristics, the application of the patent is limited in the field of coal slime classification. SUMMARY Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides an active and passive composite turbulent vortex multi-stage reinforced coal slime classification device. The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution. The active and passive composite turbulent vortex multi-stage reinforced coal slime 14 08 24 classification device comprises a material loosening and layering cylinder, a turbulent vortex detection structure arranged at an upper portion of the material loosening and layering cylinder and an active turbulent flow classification cylinder section connected to a lower end of the material loosening and layering cylinder, wherein a lower end of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section is connected with a passive turbulent flow classification cylinder, and a lower end of the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder is connected with a passive turbulent flow classification cone; the upper portion of the material loosening and layering cylinder is provided with a coal slime water inlet, an interior of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section is rotatably connected with a vertically arranged active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure, and an upper end of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section is provided with an active turbulent flow driving motor; an interior of the turbulent vortex detection structure is provided with a turbulent flow collection cavity, a lower end of the turbulent vortex detection structure 5 is provided with a turbulent vortex detection tube, an upper end of the turbulent vortex detection tube is communicated with the turbulent flow collection cavity, and a lower end of the turbulent vortex detection tube extends into the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section; and an upper portion of the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder is provided with a diluting supplementary water inlet, and a lower end of the passive turbulent flow classification cone is provided with a cone section outlet; and a side wall of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section is provided with a plurality of cylinder section outlets. Optionally, a cone angle of the passive turbulent flow classification cone 4 is 10° to 30°. Optionally, the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure comprises a plurality of screen bars, and the plurality of screen bars are arranged in an annular array. Optionally, the screen bars are made of stainless steel, plain carbon steel or polyurethane. Optionally, a cross section of the screen bars is trapezoidal, circular or gear-shaped. Optionally, an inner diameter of the diluting supplementary water inlet is the same as an inner diameter of the coal slime water inlet, and the diluting supplementary water inlet and the coal slime water inlet are in the same direction. Optionally, a height of the material loosening and layering cylinder is the same as a height of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section. The active turbulent flow driving motor drives the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section to rotate through gear transmission. In a specific embodiment, a driving wheel arranged on a right side is connected with the active turbulent flow driving motor and meshed 14 08 24 with external teeth of a transmission gear on a left side, and a plurality of driven wheels are arranged on an inner side of the transmission gear, which are meshed with internal teeth of the transmission gear and connected with a top portion of the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure. When the active turbulent flow driving motor is operated, the driving wheel connected with the active turbulent flow driving motor is driven to rotate clockwise, and through gear transmission, the transmission gear meshed with the driving wheel rotates counterclockwise correspondingly. Meanwhile, the plurality of driven wheels meshed with the internal teeth of the transmission gear are driven to rotate counterclockwise by the transmission gear. In another embodiment, the vibration of the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure can also be realized by arranging a vibration exciter. Specifically, a bottom portion of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section is provided with a vibration excitation plate, the vibration excitation plate is in contact with a bottom end of the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure, the vibration excitation plate is connected with the vibration exciter, two vibration exciters are symmetrically arranged on two sides, and vibration generated during operation of the vibration exciter is transmitted to the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure through the vibration excitation plate, so that the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure vibrates. The present invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) coal slime is classified by a composite action of an active turbulent vortex and a passive turbulent vortex, so that classification efficiency and classification accuracy are higher; (2) an active turbulent flow may be regulated by the active turbulent flow driving motor 2-1 and / or the vibration exciter and the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2, and a passive turbulent flow may be regulated by a flow rate of diluting supplementary water in the diluting supplementary water inlet 3-1, so that the process regulation has a high degree of automation, thus being suitable for various classification needs and having strong applicability; (3) in the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2, the cylinder section annular screen bars 2-2a have dynamic behaviors of different frequencies of vibration, different periods of rotation and different degrees of elastic deformation, so that an active turbulent flow region can be formed around the cylinder section annular screen bars 2-2a, and a hole blockage phenomenon of a traditional screen can be effectively solved, thus being beneficial for classification; and (4) secondary reinforced classification formed by the passive turbulent flow classification 14 08 24 cylinder 3 provided with diluting supplementary water and the passive turbulent flow classification cone 4 can further optimize a coal slime water classification process, thus improving classification efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention is further described hereinafter with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an active and passive composite turbulent vortex multi-stage reinforced coal slime classification device according to the present application; FIG. 2 is an A-A sectional view of the active and passive composite turbulent vortex multistage reinforced coal slime classification device according to the present application; FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a side surface of an active turbulent flow classification cylinder section; and FIG. 4 is a B-B sectional view in FIG. 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Technical solutions in embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described hereinafter with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skills in the art without going through any creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms “trepanning”, “up”, “down”, “thickness”, "top", “middle”, "length", "inside", "around", and the like is only for the convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, and it is not to indicate or imply that the indicated assembly or element must have a specific orientation, and be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention. An active and passive composite turbulent vortex multi-stage reinforced coal slime classification device, as shown in FIG. 1 is used for efficient coal slime classification, and comprises a material loosening and layering cylinder 1, a turbulent vortex detection structure 5 arranged at an upper portion of the material loosening and layering cylinder 1 and an active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2 arranged at a lower end of the material loosening and layering cylinder 1, wherein a lower end of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder 14 08 24 section 2 is connected with a passive turbulent flow classification cylinder 3, and a lower end of the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder 3 is connected with a passive turbulent flow classification cone 4. The material loosening and layering cylinder 1 is composed of a coal slime water inlet 1-1 and a material loosening and layering cylinder shell 1-2, the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2 is composed of an active turbulent flow driving motor 2-1, an active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2, a cylinder section outlet 2-3 and an active turbulent flow cylinder section shell 2-4, the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder 3 is composed of a diluting supplementary water inlet 3-1 and a passive turbulent flow classification cylinder shell 3-2, the passive turbulent flow classification cone 4 is provided with a passive turbulent flow classification cone shell 4-1 and a cone section outlet 4-2, and the turbulent vortex detection structure 5 is provided with a turbulent flow collection cavity 5-1, a turbulent vortex detection tube 5-2 and a top outlet 5-3. The coal slime water inlet 1-1 is located at a left portion of the material loosening and layering cylinder 1 and tangent to the material loosening and layering cylinder shell 1-2, an inner diameter of the coal slime water inlet 1-1 ranges from 10 mm to 65 mm according to different specifications, and a height of the material loosening and layering cylinder shell 1-2 is 3 to 5 times of the inner diameter of the coal slime water inlet 1-1, so that particle groups in an ore pulp are fully loosened in the material loosening and layering cylinder provide necessary conditions for the next particle classification. The active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2 is driven by the active turbulent flow driving motor 2-1 to regularly generate an active turbulent vortex in the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2, the cylinder section outlets 2-3 are evenly distributed from top to bottom, a number of the cylinder section outlets 2-3 may be adjusted (1 to 5) according to specific needs, an inner diameter of the cylinder section outlet 2-3 is 1 to 1.5 times of the inner diameter of the inlet 1-1, and a height of the active turbulent flow cylinder section shell 2-4 is 1.5 to 2 times of the height of the material loosening and layering cylinder shell 1-2. The diluting supplementary water inlet 3-1 is located at an upper left portion of the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder 3, an inner diameter of the diluting supplementary water inlet 3-1 is the same as the inner diameter of the coal slime water inlet 1-1 and the diluting supplementary water inlet and the coal slime water inlet are in the same direction, the diluting supplementary water inlet 3-1 is tangent to the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder shell 3-2, and a height of the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder shell 3-2 is the same as the height of the material loosening and layering cylinder shell 1-2. A cone angle of the passive turbulent flow 14 08 24 classification cone 4 is adjustable from 10° to 30°, a height of the passive turbulent flow classification cone shell 4-1 is 1 to 1.2 times of the height of the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder shell 3-2, and an inner diameter of the cone section outlet 4-2 is adjustable from 0.25 to 0.5 times of the inner diameter of the coal slime water inlet 1-1. The turbulent flow collection cavity 5-1 is located at a top portion of the turbulent vortex detection structure 5, a height of the turbulent flow collection cavity 5-1 is 1.5 times of an inner diameter of the top outlet 5-3, an insertion depth of the turbulent vortex detection tube 5-2 covers the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2 and the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder section 3, the top outlet 5-3 is located on a right side of the turbulent flow collection cavity 5-2, and the inner diameter of the top outlet 5-3 is the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder section outlet 2-3. The material loosening and layering cylinder 1, the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2, the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder 3, the passive turbulent flow classification cone 4 and the turbulent vortex detection structure 5 are flexibly connected through flanges, thus being convenient for disassembly. An inner diameter of the material loosening and layering cylinder 1, an inner diameter of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2, an inner diameter of the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder 3, an inner diameter of a large end of the passive turbulent flow classification cone 4 and an inner diameter of the turbulent flow collection cavity 5-1 are the same, and an inner diameter of a small end of the passive turbulent flow classification cone 4 is the same as the inner diameter of the cone section outlet 4-2. In one embodiment, the active turbulent flow driving motor may be used to drive the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2 to vibrate, and the active turbulent flow driving motor 2-1 has a frequency conversion of 0 Hz to 50 Hz. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2 is composed of a plurality of evenly distributed cylinder section annular screen bars 2-2a, a spacing between adjacent screen bars is adjustable from 0.074 mm to 1 mm, the screen bar may be an inverted trapezoid (FIG. 2(a)), a circular bar (FIG. 2(b), a gear (FIG. 2(C)), and the like in shape, and the screen bar may be made of wear-resistant materials such as stainless steel, plain carbon steel and polyurethane. The active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2 has dynamic behaviors of different frequencies of vibration, different periods of rotation and different degrees of elastic deformation under driving of the active turbulent flow driving motor 2-1, so as to form an active turbulent vortex near the cylinder section annular screen bars 2-2a to provide a flow field environment for particle classification in the active turbulent flow 14 08 24 classification cylinder section 2. FIG. 4 is a B-B sectional view in FIG. 3, in which a gear on a right side is a driving wheel 7-1, which is connected with the active turbulent flow driving motor 2-1 and meshed with external teeth of a transmission gear 7-2 on a left side. A plurality of driven wheels 7-3 are arranged on an inner side of the transmission gear 7-2, which are meshed with internal teeth of the transmission gear 7-2 and connected with a top portion of the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2. When the active turbulent flow driving motor 2-1 is operated, the driving wheel 7-1 connected with the active turbulent flow driving motor is driven to rotate clockwise, and through gear transmission, the transmission gear 7-2 meshed with the driving wheel rotates counterclockwise correspondingly. Meanwhile, the plurality of driven wheels 7-3 meshed with the internal teeth of the transmission gear 7-2 are driven to rotate counterclockwise by the transmission gear 7-2, thus realizing an active turbulent vortex effect. Meanwhile, the vibration of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2 may also be realized by arranging a vibration exciter. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a side surface of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2, a bottom portion of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2 is provided with a vibration excitation plate 6-2 which is in contact with a bottom end of the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2, and two vibration exciters 6-1 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the vibration excitation plate 6-2. The vibration generated during operation of the vibration exciter 6-1 is transmitted to the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2 through the vibration excitation plate 6-2, so that the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2 vibrates. According to actual operation, the vibration of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2 may also be realized by using the active turbulent flow driving motor and the vibration exciter at the same time. Taking the coal slime water as an example, a working process of the invention is as follows: coal slime water with a proper concentration enters the material loosening and layering cylinder 1 in a tangential way from the coal slime water inlet 1-1 and makes a downward spiral movement under a composite action of gravity and centrifugal force, and when reaching the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section 2, the coal slime water is subjected to primary classification under the active turbulent vortex effect generated by the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure 2-2 through the active turbulent flow driving motor and / or the vibration exciter, wherein the driving motor is used for rotating the screen bars. The vibration exciter is used for vibrating the screen bars, fine particles smaller than the spacing between adjacent screen bars of the cylinder section 14 08 24 annular screen bars 2-2a can be screened with a fluid and flow out through the cylinder section outlet 2-3 to form fine coal slime, wherein a number of the cylinder section outlets 2-3 may be determined as needed, and coarse particles larger than the spacing between adjacent screen bars continue to move downwardly. When the coal slime water reaches the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder 3, a tangential movement speed of the ore pulp is increased because the diluting supplementary water is fed from the diluting supplementary water inlet 3-1 at a certain speed, and when the coal slime water reaches the passive turbulent flow classification cone 4, the tangential movement speed of the ore pulp is further increased because a circulation area is continuously reduced due to a cone structure, and the coal slime in the ore pulp is subjected to secondary reinforced classification, wherein coarse particles are close to the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder shell 3-2 and the passive turbulent flow classification cone shell 4-1 and move downwardly, while fine particles are far away from the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder shell 3-2 and the passive turbulent flow classification cone shell 4-1 and move upwardly, and then enter the turbulent vortex detection tube 5-2 at a lower end of the turbulent vortex detection structure 5, pass through the turbulent flow collection cavity 5-1 and flow out from the top inlet 5-3, In the descriptions of the specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc., refer to that specific features, structures characteristics described with reference to the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. The above show and describe the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, the descriptions in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the changes and improvements fall within the scope sought to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

14 08 241. An active and passive composite turbulent vortex multi-stage reinforced coal slime classification device, comprising a material loosening and layering cylinder (1), a turbulent vortex detection structure (5) arranged at an upper portion of the material loosening and layering cylinder and an active turbulent flow classification cylinder section (2) connected to a lower end of the material loosening and layering cylinder, wherein a lower end of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section (2) is connected with a passive turbulent flow classification cylinder (3), and a lower end of the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder (3) is connected with a passive turbulent flow classification cone (4);the upper portion of the material loosening and layering cylinder (1) is provided with a coal slime water inlet (1-1), an interior of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section (2) is rotatably connected with a vertically arranged active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure (2-2), an upper end of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section (2) is provided with an active turbulent flow driving motor (2-1), and the active turbulent flow driving motor (2-1) drives the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure (2-2) to vibrate;an interior of the turbulent vortex detection structure (5) is provided with a turbulent flow collection cavity (5-1), a lower end of the turbulent vortex detection structure (5) is provided with a turbulent vortex detection tube (5-2), an upper end of the turbulent vortex detection tube (5-2) is communicated with the turbulent flow collection cavity (5-1), and a lower end of the turbulent vortex detection tube (5-2) extends into the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section (2); andan upper portion of the passive turbulent flow classification cylinder (3) is provided with a diluting supplementary water inlet (3-1), and a lower end of the passive turbulent flow classification cone (4) is provided with a cone section outlet (4-2); and a side wall of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section (2) is provided with a plurality of cylinder section outlets (2-3).

2. The coal slime classification device according to claim 1, wherein a cone angle of the passive turbulent flow classification cone (4) is 10° to 30°.

3. The coal slime classification device according to claim 1, wherein the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure (2-2) comprises a plurality of screen bars (2-2a), and the plurality of screen bars (2-2a) are arranged in an annular array.

4. The coal slime classification device according to claim 3, wherein the screen bars (2-14 08 242a) are made of stainless steel, plain carbon steel or polyurethane.

5. The coal slime classification device according to claim 3, wherein a cross section of the screen bars (2-2a) is trapezoidal, circular or gear-shaped.

6. The coal slime classification device according to claim 1, wherein an inner diameter of the diluting supplementary water inlet (3-1) is the same as an inner diameter of the coal slime water inlet (1-1), and the diluting supplementary water inlet and the coal slime water inlet are in the same direction.

7. The coal slime classification device according to claim 1, wherein a height of the material loosening and layering cylinder (1) is the same as a height of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section (2).

8. The coal slime classification device according to claim 1, wherein the active turbulent flow driving motor (2-1) drives the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section (2) to rotate through gear transmission.

9. The coal slime classification device according to claim 1, wherein a bottom portion of the active turbulent flow classification cylinder section (2) is provided with a vibration excitation plate (6-2), the vibration excitation plate (6-2) is in contact with a bottom end of the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure (2-2), the vibration excitation plate (6-2) is connected with a vibration exciter (6-1), two vibration exciters (6-1) are symmetrically arranged on two sides, and vibration generated during operation of the vibration exciter (6-1) is transmitted to the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure (2-2) through the vibration excitation plate (6-2), so that the active turbulent flow cylinder section generating structure (2-2) vibrates.

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