Modular Archival Storage System

Abstract

The kit and / or system stores dry biological samples. The kit comprises at least one wallet 30 having an empty configuration and an expanded configuration and, in use, retains at least one dry biologic

Description

Field of the Invention

[001] The present invention relates to a modular archival storage system for the storage of dry biological samples, to desiccant blankets for use in such a storage system, to a kit for such a modular archival storage system, and to archival storage methods. Background of the Invention

[002] Biological samples are typically dried to reduce degradation during long-term storage. Biological samples may include botanical samples, zoological samples, scatswabs, and / or environmental DNA (e.g., filter-immobilised eDNA). Typically, botanical samples, scat-swabs, and filter-immobilised eDNA samples may be dried in silica desiccant or liquid nitrogen prior to storage. Some zoological samples, such as insect samples, may be initially dried in ethanol, followed by air-drying. Dried samples are often fragile and prone to fragmentation during handling.

[003] For the purposes of the present invention, long-term storage may be defined as storage for a period greater than about 6 months, preferably greater than about 1 year, more preferably storage for from about 1 year to about 20 years or longer. Samples may be temporarily removed from storage during this time for testing, but said removal is typically for less than about 1 day. Such long-term storage may be particularly useful in the field of archival biological collections.

[004] In a typical storage system of the prior art, dry biological samples, for example botanical samples, may be stored in paper bags. One or more paper bags may then be placed within a resealable plastic bag, and several such resealable plastic bags may then be indiscriminately placed into plastic containers for storage. The components (e.g., the resealable plastic bag(s) and plastic containers) of such storage systems are typically non-standardised and arbitrarily selected, and may vary between laboratories. As a result, the storage systems of the prior art may lack uniformity.

[005] Furthermore, it may be a challenge to categorise, store and retrieve samples as required. Storage systems of the prior art often do not have appropriate systematised levels of identification of samples, which may cause difficulty when attempting to locate specific samples. In addition, storage systems of the prior art may not be optimised for bench work in a laboratory, as individual samples may have to be withdrawn from storage and kept unprotected on the bench when they are to be studied or used.

[006] Additionally, storage systems of the prior art may be unsuitable for the structural and molecular preservation of the samples stored therein, particularly given the delicate nature of some dry biological samples. Samples may become damaged, both when undergoing the initial series of handling steps, and after entry into the plastic container where many resealable plastic bags, each containing a sample, may be stored in direct contact with one another. Movement of the resealable plastic bags within the plastic container may damage the dry biological samples contained therein. Such damage may spoil the samples and prevent future examination attempts.

[007] An important element of the storage of dry biological samples is maintaining the humidity levels of the system within an acceptable range. It is widespread practice with storage systems of the prior art to control humidity levels by adding a relatively large quantity of loose colour-changing silica-gel desiccant particles into the resealable plastic bags and / or plastic containers. Typically, there is little control over the quantity of desiccant particles used, resulting in significant variation in the quantity of desiccant particles used between individual bags and / or containers. Furthermore, the plastic bags and / or containers may be substantially impermeable to airflow. This may cause a lack of control over humidity levels, potentially leading to sample damage and further frustrating future attempts to study the samples.

[008] It is common for the quantity of desiccant particles included within a bag or plastic container to significantly exceed that required to maintain the humidity within the acceptable limits. This may result in the unnecessary waste of surplus desiccant. This waste is often non-biodegradable and non-recyclable, like many other components of storage systems of the prior art, such as the plastic bags and plastic containers. This leads to a negative environmental impact, which must be addressed. There is a desire to move away from the near universal use of plastic in for components of commercially available storage systems of the prior art. The use of loose desiccant within the resealable plastic bags and / or plastic box may also considerably increase the weight of the storage systems of the prior art. Furthermore, use of loose desiccant may result in damage to biological samples due to buffeting of desiccant against sample bags during handling and moving of the resealable plastic bags and / or plastic boxes.

[009] A further problem with storage of dry biological samples in plastic bags is that static cling may be generated within the resealable plastic bags. Static cling may attach dry biological samples to the inside of the resealable plastic bags. This may impede down-stream processing of samples and increase likelihood of cross-contamination. Static cling may also cause the sample to ‘spring’ out of the resealable plastic bag upon opening, risking damage. The current remedy to such static cling is the use of an anti-static gun during sample handling. However, this may create further inefficiencies in the processing and storage of each dry biological sample, and the anti-static gun may be a potential source of sample contamination.

[010] There is a desire to provide a standardised, dedicated system for the processing and long-term storage of dry biological samples. There is also a desire to provide an archival storage system with reduced environmental impact. The present invention aims to solve, at least in part, these and other problems associated with sample storage systems of the prior art. Summary of the Invention [011 ] In an aspect, the present invention provides a kit for a modular archival storage system for the storage of dry biological samples. The kit comprises at least one wallet, the wallet having an empty configuration and an expanded configuration. Each wallet is configured to retain at least one dry biological sample therein when in an expanded configuration. The kit further comprises at least one divider being configured to be positioned within a main chamber of a box to define a sub-chamber thereof. Said sub-chamber is configured to receive a wallet in an expanded configuration, and to separate said wallet from the remainder of the main chamber. The components of the kit may be used in conjunction with a box defining a main chamber and having a removable lid. In some cases, existing modular archival storage systems may be retrofitted with components of the kit, for example, an existing box could be retrofitted with a wallet and divider of the kit, in such a way existing systems can be enhanced.

[012] For the purposes of the present invention, dry biological samples (i.e., samples) may comprise botanical samples, and / or zoological samples, and / or environmental DNA (eDNA).

[013] Typically, botanical samples may include flowering and non-flowering plants. Said botanical samples may be vegetative parts such as leaf, stem, bark, root, or tuber samples. Said biological samples may also be sexual parts such as whole flowers, or components of a flower such as pedicel, sepals, petals, gynoecia, or androecia.

[014] Typically, zoological samples may include invertebrate samples and vertebrate samples. Invertebrate samples may be insect samples, preferably unmounted insect samples. For example, invertebrate samples may include those from the lepidoptera, trichopteran, neuropteran, orodonatan insect orders. Typically, invertebrate samples may be papered prior to storage. The whole insect specimen, or a part thereof, may be dried for unmounted storage. Papered winged invertebrate samples may be stored by folding the wings together dorsally, and placing the sample in a sample sleeve. Vertebrate samples may comprise mammal scat swabs. Preferably, vertebrate samples may comprise silica-dried mammal scat swabs.

[015] eDNA samples may comprise DNA collected directly from environmental sources rather than directly from an individual organism, i.e., eDNA samples may not have any obvious signs of biological source material. eDNA samples may be collected from sources such as soil, sediment, water, or air. eDNA samples may preferably be silica-dried filter-immobilised eDNA samples.

[016] Preferably, the kit may be for a modular archival storage system for the longterm storage of dry biological samples. For the purposes of the present invention, longterm storage may be defined as storage for greater than about 6 months, preferably greater than about 1 year, more preferably storage for from about 1 year to about 20 years or longer. During long-term storage, the dry biological samples may be temporarily removed from storage, for example for examination and testing. This temporary removal may typically be for less than about a day, after which the sample may be returned to storage. Such long-term storage may be particularly useful in the field of archival biological collections.

[017] In some embodiments, the kit may further comprise a box defining a main chamber and having a removable lid. The main chamber of the box may be defined by a tray. The main chamber (i.e., base) may have a base panel and side panels. The main chamber may have a primary opening, preferably configured to be covered by the lid when in a closed configuration. The lid may be, for example, a tray or a sleeve. The lid may be configured to cover the primary opening. The lid and / or the base may comprise means configured to attach the lid to the base, typically removably. For example, the attachment means may comprise a tab on one of the lid or the base, configured to be received within a slot on the other of the lid or the base. The skilled person will appreciate that the components of the kit (i.e. wallet(s) and divider(s)) may be retrofitted to a pre-existing box to provide a modular archival storage system.

[018] The lid and the base of the box may be separate components. Alternatively, the lid and the base of the box may be a single unitary component, i.e., a one-piece construction. The lid may remain continuously connected to the base. The box may be configured such that the lid is connected to the base by a connection portion. The connection portion may be, for example, a side panel of the base or a separate component. Preferably, an edge of the lid may be connected to a side panel of the base. The lid and the base may be hingedly connected, preferably enabling the lid to be opened and closed. Preferably, the lid and the base may have a ‘clamshell’ construction. The lid may comprise a notch or tab configured to facilitate opening and closing of the lid.

[019] Preferably, when in a closed configuration, the box may be substantially cubic or substantially cuboidal. By way of example, when in a closed configuration, the box may have a length of from about 100 mm to about 400 mm. When in a closed configuration, the box may have a width of from about 80 mm to about 200 mm. When in a closed configuration, the box may have a height of from about 100 mm to about 140 mm. Advantageously, such dimensions may allow for storage of the system within standard humidity cabinets typically used in biological laboratories, for example a Modular Super-Dry Cabinet as manufactured by Totech®.

[020] The box may comprise at least one ventilation hole. The ventilation hole may be configured to allow airflow into and / or out of the box. Preferably, the at least one ventilation hole may allow airflow into and / or out of the main chamber. The at least one ventilation hole may be in a side panel of the base of the box. At least one ventilation hole may be present in each of a plurality of side panels of the base of the box, and / or the lid of the box. Preferably, at least one ventilation hole may be present in each of two opposing side panels of the base of the box. The at least one ventilation hole may not be the primary opening to the box through which samples are loaded and unloaded. Preferably, the ventilation hole(s) may not remain uncovered when the lid is in a closed configuration.

[021] Each ventilation hole may be a hole through a panel of the base or lid, and / or may be a portion of the base or lid comprising an openwork mesh. Preferably, the base and / or lid may comprise a plurality of ventilation holes. For example, the box may comprise at least 2 ventilation holes, preferably at least 5 ventilation holes, preferably at least 10 ventilation holes, preferably at least 15 ventilation holes, preferably at least 20 ventilation holes, preferably at least 50 ventilation holes.

[022] Preferably, when in a closed configuration, the lid may be configured to expose the at least one ventilation hole in the base of the box. In some embodiments, particularly in embodiments wherein the base and lid have a clamshell construction, the lid may comprise a window or cut-out portion configured to expose the at least one ventilation hole in the base of the box when in a closed configuration. Advantageously, this may allow airflow into and out of the box even when closed.

[023] Advantageously, the presence of at least one ventilation hole in the box may improve airflow into and out of the box. This may enable the system to be stored within a controlled relative humidity and / or temperature environment to control relative humidity levels within the modular archival storage system. This may improve the quality of sample preservation over systems solely having internal humidity control (e.g., loose desiccant particles). For example, the system may be stored within a humidity chamber. Furthermore, a plurality of such systems may be stored within a single humidity chamber. This may enable a consistent relative humidity and temperature environment for a plurality of systems and more uniform sample storage conditions.

[024] In some embodiments, the box does not comprise any ventilation holes. The lid and base of the box may be configured to substantially seal when in a closed configuration. Said seal may substantially prevent airflow into or out of the box when in the closed configuration. In such embodiments, the internal relative humidity of the box can be controlled, which may improve the quality of sample preservation. Such embodiments may be particularly suitable for when the modular archival storage system is stored in an ambient humidity environment.

[025] The box may comprise at least one identification marker. The identification marker may comprise, for example a label, a barcode, and / or a QR-code. Preferably, an identification marker may be arranged such that it is visible when the box is in a closed configuration. Preferably, the box may comprise at least two identification markers. In this embodiment, at least one identification marker may be arranged to be visible when the box is in a closed configuration, and at least one identification marker may be arranged such that it is visible when the box is in an open configuration. For the purposes of the present invention, “visible” may be defined as the identification marker not being covered or obscured from view by another part of the system. For example, the box may comprise an identification marker on one or more side panel of the base, and / or on a portion of the lid visible in a closed configuration, and / or on a portion of the lid visible in an open configuration, and / or on a connection portion between the lid and the base.

[026] The box and / or lid may comprise a biodegradable material. Preferably, the box and / or lid may comprise cardboard, mountboard, or archival corrugated board. Alternatively, the box and / or lid may comprise a polymeric or metallic material.

[027] Advantageously, the box having at least one identification marker enables the integration of the modular archival storage system with an archive management system (such as a laboratory management system (LMS)). The identification marker may increase the efficiency of sample identification, both when the box is in an open configuration and a closed configuration.

[028] Typically, the at least one wallet (i.e., expandable wallet) comprises a plurality of compartments, each compartment being configured to retain a dry biological sample, preferably wherein each compartment is configured to retain a single dry biological sample. In embodiments comprising a box, the box may be configured to contain a plurality of wallets. For example, the box may be configured to contain at least 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 expandable wallets. Advantageously, the expandable wallets may enable sub-categorisation of samples within the system.

[029] Each wallet has an empty configuration and an expanded configuration and is configured to retain at least one dry biological sample therein when in an expanded configuration. Each wallet may be configured to expand to accommodate samples of varying sizes and dimensions. Advantageously, this may allow the wallet to take up little space when in an empty configuration, then to be expanded to store samples when in use. Wallet size may be adjustable to the size of samples to be stored.

[030] Each expandable wallet may comprise at least one compartment. Preferably, each expandable wallet may comprise between 2 and 12 compartments. More preferably, each expandable wallet comprises 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12 compartments. Each compartment may be separated from adjacent compartment(s) by at least one intervening, internal wall. Preferably, the height and width of each compartment of an expandable wallet are substantially the same. Preferably, each compartment is configured to retain a dry biological sample. More preferably, each compartment is configured to retain a single dry biological sample. Advantageously, the presence of a plurality of compartments within each expandable wallet may increase organisational efficiency as related samples can be stored in a single wallet in an ordered manner. Furthermore, storing each sample in a separate compartment may avoid storing samples in direct contact with each other. This may reduce the risk of sample damage and may ease storage and retrieval of individual samples.

[031] Preferably, when in an empty configuration no compartment may contain a dry biological sample. The wallet(s) may have a most expanded configuration, wherein each compartment is fully expanded. The wallet(s) may also have a partially expanded configuration wherein at least one, but not all compartments are expanded. The wallet(s) may have a plurality of partially expanded configurations, according to the number of compartments that are expanded. Each expanded compartment may preferably receive a sample when in use. The sub-chambers defined within the main chamber of the box may be dimensioned to receive a wallet in a most expanded configuration, and / or in a partially expanded configuration.

[032] Preferably, the at least one sample is stored within a sample sleeve. Said sample sleeve may be configured to be stored within a compartment of a wallet. A sample sleeve may comprise an envelope configured to receive a sample therein, preferably wherein the envelope is sealable. Preferably, the sample sleeve(s) comprise a biodegradable material. Preferably, the sample sleeves comprise a translucent material. For example, the sample sleeves may comprise a compostable and biodegradable archival quality glassine-paper envelope. The glassine-paper preferably may have a weight of from about 40 gsm to about 60 gsm. Advantageously, this may reduce the environmental impact of the modular archival storage system over prior art methods which utilise plastic bags.

[033] Preferably, each sample sleeve may have a width that is about 5 mm less than the width of the compartment of the expandable wallet configured to hold the sample sleeve. Preferably, each sample sleeve may have a height that is about 3 mm to 5 mm greater than the height of the compartment of the expandable wallet configured to hold the sample sleeve. By way of example, each sample sleeve may have a width of from about 55 mm to about 125 mm, a height of from about 73 mm to about 125 mm. This may enable easier insertion and retraction of the sample sleeve from the compartment of the wallet.

[034] In some embodiments, a dry biological sample may be placed directly into a sample sleeve. In alternative embodiments, a sample may be placed into a bag, or other sub-container, which itself is placed into a sample sleeve. For example, the sample may be placed into a porous bag that may be made from tea-bag paper. Such embodiments may be preferable if the sample is prone to fragmentation, for example, most botanical samples.

[035] The wallet may be configured such that, during insertion, storage, and removal of a sample from a compartment, there is no contact between a first sample and a further sample being stored within the wallet. The skilled person will appreciate that there will also be no contact between a sample sleeve of the first sample and that of a further sample.

[036] Preferably, each compartment of an expandable wallet may comprise at least one identification marker. Preferably, the at least one identification marker may be positioned within the compartment. Preferably, the at least one identification marker may be visible when inserting a sample into the compartment. Preferably, the at least one identification marker is a label, a barcode, and / or a QR code. Advantageously, the at least one identification marker may allow for the use of the modular archival storage system with an archive management system (such as a LMS), and may increase the speed and efficiency of sample identification. By providing at least one identification on each compartment, further sub-categorisation of the sample storage may be possible. Preferably, the provision of at least one identification marker may enable the modular archival storage system to be integrated with existing molecular standard operating protocols (SOPs). Such molecular SOPs may organise “samples-units” in multiples of 24, 48, 96, 192, or higher. Providing a plurality of identification markers (e.g. on the compartments of the wallet, on the wallet, and / or on the box) may further aid in the integration of the modular archival storage system of the present invention with molecular SOPs.

[037] Typically, at least one, preferably each, expandable wallet may comprise foldable side panels configured to enable the transition between the empty configuration and the expanded configuration (i.e., expansion and contraction of the wallet). At least one, preferably each, expandable wallet may comprise a foldable base panel configured to enable the transition between the empty configuration and the expanded configuration (i.e., expansion and contraction of the wallet). Preferably, each expandable wallet may comprise foldable base and side panels configured to enable the transition between the empty configuration and the expanded configuration (i.e., expansion and contraction of the wallet). The expansion and contraction of the wallet may be substantially in a single direction. Preferably, the foldable side panels and / or base panels comprise paper, card, pressboard, and / or a fabric (e.g. linen). More preferably, the foldable side panels comprise paper or card, and the foldable base panel comprises a fabric such as linen book cloth.

[038] The side and / or base panel(s) may preferably comprise a concertina fold configured to enable the transition between the empty configuration and the expanded configuration (i.e., expansion and contraction of the wallet). Advantageously, the fold(s) may enable the size of the wallet to be expanded and contracted by the user, allowing the storage of samples of varied sizes and increasing the ease with which samples can be stored and retrieved. The folded side and / or base panel(s) may advantageously enable different compartments of the same expandable wallet to expand and contract independently of the other compartments. This may better enable the storage of samples of varied sizes. Advantageously, this may allow the wallet to take up less space when some compartments are not in use.

[039] At least one wallet may comprise a backboard configured to enable the wallet to stand unsupported in an upright position outside of the box. Advantageously, this may improve the usability of the system within a laboratory setting. As each wallet may stand unsupported on a worktop, this may improve ease of use and organisation when the wallet is outside of the box. Preferably, the backboard is made of a relatively rigid, and / or relatively thick material in comparison to the material of the side and / or base panel(s). The backboard may comprise cardboard. For example, the backboard may comprise mountboard, preferably Fine Art Trade Guild standard, pH-neutral, acid-free, lignin-free mountboard. Preferably, the backboard may have a thickness of from about 1 mm to about 2 mm, for example about 1.25 mm. The backboard may comprise a lip that extends beyond the height of the compartments of the wallet. Preferably, the lip may extend beyond the height of the compartments by from about 5 mm to about 25 mm, preferably from about 10 mm to 20 mm. The lip may function as a grip portion to aid in handling and positioning of the wallet. Advantageously, this may reduce the likelihood of damaging samples when moving the wallet.

[040] By way of example, an expandable wallet, when in an expanded configuration, excluding the dimensions of the backboard if present, may have a width of from about 60 mm to about 130 mm, a maximum height of from about 70 mm to about 120 mm, and a depth from about 40 mm when in empty configuration to about 100 mm when expanded.

[041] Preferably, the backboard may comprise at least one identification marker. Preferably, the identification marker may be configured to be visible when the wallet is standing upright. More preferably, the identification marker may be configured to be visible when the wallet is arranged within the box, when the box is in an open configuration. Preferably, the at least one identification marker is on the backboard lip of the expandable wallet. The identification marker may be a label, a barcode, and / or a QR code. The at least one identification marker allows the integration and use of the modular archival storage system with an archive management system (such as a LMS) and increases the speed and efficiency of sample identification.

[042] At least one of the expandable wallets may comprise at least one ventilation hole. Preferably, each of the plurality of expandable wallets comprises at least one ventilation hole. The at least one ventilation hole may not be the opening of the compartment configured to receive the sample. The ventilation hole(s) may be between the base panel and side panel of the expandable wallet.

[043] Each compartment of the expandable wallet may comprise at least one ventilation hole. Preferably, the expandable wallet may comprise one or more ventilation holes arranged between the base panel and side panel of each compartment of the expandable wallet. Advantageously, the presence of such ventilation holes may increase airflow into and out of the expandable wallet(s). This may allow for greater control of humidity levels and may thereby improve sample preservation, particularly when the box contains many wallets and samples.

[044] The number of compartments of the expandable wallets, and sub-chambers provided by the dividers, may be selected to integrate with and complement storage and workflow formats that are commonplace in allied molecular-biology systems. For example, in such allied molecular-biology systems, biological samples are typically handled in units of 24, 48, and 96. Accordingly, the system may be configured to provide 24, 48, and / or 96 compartments. However, the system can be scaled up or down according to the specific use. As stated previously, the system may advantageously be configured for use with standard molecular SOPs.

[045] Typically, the at least one divider is configured to be positioned within the main chamber of the box to define at least one sub-chamber thereof; said sub-chamber being configured to receive a wallet in an expanded configuration and to separate said wallet from the remainder of the main chamber. Preferably, the at least one divider is configured, when positioned within the main chamber of the box, to define a plurality of sub-chambers thereof, each sub-chamber being configured to receive a wallet in an expanded configuration and to separate said wallet from the remainder of the main chamber. Preferably, the at least one divider is configured to be positioned within the main chamber and to separate a plurality of expandable wallets within the box. Preferably, each sub-chamber is configured to receive a single wallet in an expanded configuration.

[046] Preferably, the system comprises a plurality of dividers. The dividers may be configured to be arranged within the base of the box to define sub-chambers thereof configured to receive a plurality of expandable wallets. Preferably, each sub-chamber is configured to receive no more than a single wallet in an expanded or partially expanded configuration. The divider(s) may be substantially planar. Preferably, each divider may be arranged such that the plane of the divider is substantially parallel to a side wall of the base of the box.

[047] Typically, each divider may comprise a cardboard material. Preferably, each divider may comprise Fine Art Trade Guild (FATG) standard, pH-neutral, acid-free, lignin-free mountboard. Preferably each divider has a thickness of from about 1 mm to about 2.5 mm, for example about 1.25 mm. In some embodiments, the dividers may comprise the same material as a backboard of an expandable wallet.

[048] Typically, those dividers configured to be arranged within the box generally parallel to a backboard of an expandable wallet may have a height of from about 10 mm to 50 mm less than the height of the backboard. Advantageously, this may enable improved handling of the expandable wallets. Typically, those dividers configured to be arranged within the box generally perpendicular to a backboard of an expandable wallet may have a height that is about 1 mm to about 15 mm greater than the height of the expandable wallet, preferably about 3 mm to about 6 mm greater than the height of the expandable wallet. Advantageously, this may enable a desiccant blanket to be rested atop the dividers, preferably such that it may not rest on the sample sleeves.

[049] Each divider may couple to at least one further divider. Preferably, each divider may comprise a plurality of coupling points at which it may couple to a further divider, and / or to the box. A coupling point may comprise a slot configured to interlock with a corresponding slot of another divider. The slot may extend to an edge of the divider. Preferably, each divider may comprise a plurality of slots arranged along its length.

[050] Where two dividers are coupled, the dividers may be substantially perpendicular at the coupling point. Preferably, the dividers may be connected to provide a grid arrangement of rows and columns of sub-chambers. Advantageously, the dividers may be configured to substantially prevent movement of expandable wallets within the box, particularly during handling and / or transport of the system. This function may advantageously be performed even if only some of the sub-chambers contain an expandable wallet. Restricting movement of the expandable wallets within the box may reduce the likelihood of sample damage.

[051] The dividers may comprise multiple possible coupling points. Accordingly, the arrangement of the dividers, and thereby the dimensions of the sub-chambers, can be adjusted according to the dimensions of the box, and / or the number of expandable wallets, and / or the level of expansion of the expandable wallets due to the sample(s) contained therein. Preferably, the dividers may comprise coupling points configured to enable at least 2, 4, 6 or 9 sub-chambers to be provided within the box. Beneficially, the dividers may be configured to provide sub-chambers within the box of proportionate lengths, widths, and depths to be able to accommodate wallets in expanded and / or empty configurations of expandable wallets. Preferably, said expandable wallets may comprise 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12 compartments, which may fit within the sub-chambers provided by the dividers.

[052] Advantageously, the adjustability of the divider(s) may enable improved versatility of the system to accommodate different sample sizes and numbers of samples. Furthermore, the arrangement of the expandable wallets and the divider(s) may reduce movement of the samples within the box, and thereby may reduce the likelihood of sample damage. The divider(s) may be adjustable to retain a variety of sizes of expandable wallets, at various stages of expansion. For example, the dividers may be coupled to provide sub-chambers dimensioned to receive a wallet in an empty configuration, a partially expanded configuration, or a fully expanded configuration.

[053] Preferably, the at least one divider comprises at least one ventilation hole. Preferably, each divider comprises a plurality of ventilation holes. Advantageously, the presence of at least one ventilation hole in the divider(s) may increase air flow within the box and between the wallets. This may allow for more consistent temperature and relative humidity control and may improve sample preservation. Preferably, the ventilation holes and slots may be arranged such that there is at least one ventilation hole between each adjacent sub-chamber. Preferably the ventilation holes may be arranged along the length of the divider. In some embodiments, the ventilation hole(s) may be provided by a gap between the divider(s) and a side wall, a base wall, and / or a lid of the box.

[054] Preferably, the kit may further comprise at least one desiccant blanket comprising at least one desiccant containing compartment. Preferably, the at least one removable desiccant blanket comprises at least two interconnected desiccant compartments (i.e. compartments). For example, the removable desiccant blanket may comprise any integer of interconnected desiccant compartments up to about 50. The desiccant blanket described herein provides numerous advantages over loose silica beads commonly used in the prior art. Loose beads may be difficult to control during transfer into or out of a container. If the beads overflow, they may bounce, break and chip, releasing dangerous respirable crystalline silica (i.e. silica dust / shards). Such respirable crystalline silica may pose respiratory health risks to the user. Indeed, users often wear respiratory and eye protection to protect themselves. The desiccant blanket of the present invention fully contains the desiccant, improving both convenience and safety for the user.

[055] Preferably, the interconnected desiccant compartments may be separable. This may enable the selection of the appropriate number of desiccant compartments, and hence the appropriate quantity of desiccant. The quantity of desiccant (W (g)) may depend on the volume of the box (V (m3)), the mass of interior packaging (D (g)), and the type of interior packaging arranged within the box (F). For felt, carton board, or similar packaging, F = The general equation for calculation of the mass of desiccant (W) required may be as follows: W = 170V + DF

[056] Additionally, the atmospheric conditions (temperature and relative humidity) of the region where the system is to be stored may affect the quantity of desiccant required.

[057] Typically, the system according to the present invention may comprise from about 1 g to about 250 g of silica desiccant, for example about 125 g. The mass of desiccant per desiccant containing compartment may be from about 1 g to about 50 g, preferably from 2 g to about 10 g, more preferably from about 3 g to about 5 g, for example 4 g. Each compartment may contain the same mass of desiccant.

[058] In use, the desiccant blanket may be arranged within the box. Preferably, the system may be configured such that the desiccant blanket is arranged on top of the sub-chambers provided by the divider(s). Alternatively, one or more desiccant blanket(s) may be placed within one or more of the sub-chambers. The desiccant blanket may fit within the sub-chamber(s) by folding or separation of the interconnected desiccant containing compartments. In some cases, a desiccant blanket may be arranged within or above each sub-chamber in which at least one sample is contained.

[059] The desiccant blanket may comprise a biodegradable cover-stock material, which provides the desiccant containing compartment(s). Preferably, the desiccant blanket may comprise a natural fabric, or a paper biodegradable cover-stock material. Preferably, the desiccant blanket may have a moisture vapour transmission rate (MVTR) greater than or equal to about 20,000 g / m2 / 24hrs. For example, the desiccant blanket may comprise linen, preferably a 100% flax linen having a density of from about 150 gsm to about 300 gsm. The desiccant blanket cover-stock material may have a thickness of from about 0.5 mm to about 1.5 mm.

[060] Alternatively, the desiccant blanket may comprise fibrous paper, such as teabag paper. Preferably the tea-bag paper may be non-heat sealable, unbleached, 100% cellulose fibre. Preferably the tea-bag paper may have a density of from about 12 gsm to about 20 gsm. Preferably, the tea-bag paper may have a thickness of less than or equal to 0.3 mm. Preferably, the tea-bag paper may have a dry tensile strength in a machine direction (MD) of from about 0.5 kN / m to about 0.9 kN / m, and in a cross direction (CD) of from about 0.15 kN / m to about 0.20 kN / m. Preferably, the tea-bag paper may have a wet tensile strength in a machine direction (MD) of from about 0.18 kN / m to about 0.25 kN / m.

[061] Typically, the interconnected desiccant containing compartments may be configured to enable connection, and / or separation, and / or folding of the interconnected desiccant containing compartments. The desiccant blanket may comprise connector regions between each compartment. Said connector regions may be substantially free from desiccant to facilitate foldability of the blanket. Said connector regions may comprise perforations to facilitate separation of the compartments.

[062] The desiccant contained within the compartments may be in particulate form. The desiccant particles may have a diameter less than about 5.0 mm. In some embodiments, the desiccant particles may have a diameter of from about 0.2 mm to about 1.0 mm. In alternative embodiments, the desiccant particles may have a diameter from about 1.0 to about 3.0 mm. In alternative embodiments, the desiccant particles may have a diameter of from about 2.0 mm to about 5.0 mm. Preferably, the desiccant may comprise silica gel. Alternatively, the desiccant may comprise montmorillonite clay.

[063] Preferably, each desiccant compartment may have a length of from about 20 mm to about 40 mm, and a width of from about 10 mm to about 20 mm.

[064] Preferably, at least some of the desiccant contained within the desiccant compartments may be configured to indicate saturation. Such saturation may be indicated, for example, by a colour change. The saturation indication may be visible upon inspection of the desiccant blanket, without having to open the compartments. Preferably, the removable desiccant blankets may be removed from the modular archival storage system when saturated. The saturated desiccant blanket may then be reactivated, for example by drying and / or heating. Advantageously, this may make the desiccant blanket re-usable. The ability to re-use the at least one removable desiccant blanket significantly reduces waste and the environmental impact of the modular archival storage system of the present invention.

[065] Advantageously, the provision of a contained mass of desiccant is an improvement over prior art methods which have largely used unmeasured, loose desiccant inside storage apparatus. The desiccant blanket may reduce waste, and may improve the environmental impact of the modular archival storage system. The desiccant blanket may also enable more accurate control of relative humidity levels within the modular archival storage system than methods of the prior art. Additionally, or alternatively, the kit may comprise “loose” desiccant (i.e. desiccant not contained within a blanket).

[066] Typically, one or more of the components of the kit may comprise a biodegradable material. Preferably, the material may be sustainably resourced. Preferably, sustainably resourced materials may meet the Forestry Stewardship Council standard. Preferably, the box, and / or the wallet(s), and / or the divider(s) of the kit may comprise a biodegradable and / or sustainably resourced material. More preferably, the box, the wallet(s), and the divider(s) may consist of one or more biodegradable and / or sustainably resourced materials.

[067] In a further aspect, the present invention provides a modular archival storage system for the storage of dry biological samples. The system comprises a box defining a main chamber and having a removable lid. Preferably, said box additionally comprises a lid and a base. The system further comprises at least one wallet having an empty configuration and an expanded configuration, each wallet being configured to retain at least one dry biological sample therein when in the expanded configuration. Preferably, the system comprises a plurality of wallets removably arranged within the box. The system further comprises at least one divider positioned within the main chamber to define at least one sub-chamber thereof. Preferably, said sub-chamber is configured to receive a wallet in an expanded configuration and to separate said wallet from the remainder of the main chamber. Preferably, the at least one divider is configured to separate a plurality of wallets within the box. Preferably, each sub-chamber is configured to receive no more than a single wallet in an expanded configuration.

[068] Advantageously, the modular archival storage system (i.e., the system), may enable standardised organisation of dry biological samples (i.e. samples). This may greatly increase the ease of sample processing, storage and / or withdrawal. The system may also provide improved sample preservation, as will be described herein. The system may provide improved integration with a lab management system, increasing utility for a laboratory setting.

[069] The main chamber of the box may be defined by a tray. The main chamber (i.e., base) may have a base panel and side panels. The main chamber may have a primary opening, configured to be covered by the lid when in a closed configuration. The lid may be, for example, a tray or a sleeve. The lid and / or the base may comprise means configured to attach the lid to the base. For example, the attachment means may comprise a tab on one of the lid or the base, configured to be received within a slot on the other of the lid or the base.

[070] For the purposes of the present invention, a closed configuration of the box may be when the lid covers the opening of the base, preventing access thereto. Typically, when stored, the box may be kept in a closed configuration. An open configuration of the box may be when the lid does not cover the opening of the base. The skilled person will understand that the opening of the base may be the opening through which samples are inserted into and / or withdrawn from the box. [071 ] The lid and the base of the box may be separate components. Alternatively, the lid and the base of the box may be a one-piece construction, i.e., where the lid and the base are a single unitary component. The box and / or lid may comprise a biodegradable material. Preferably, the box and / or lid may comprise cardboard, mountboard, or archival corrugated board. Alternatively, the box and / or lid may comprise a polymeric or metallic material.

[072] The box may comprise at least one ventilation hole, configured to allow airflow into and / or out of the box. Preferably, a base of the box may comprise at least one ventilation hole. Preferably, the lid of the box may be configured to expose the at least one ventilation hole in the base of the box when in a closed configuration. Advantageously, this may allow airflow into and out of the box even when closed.

[073] The box may comprise at least one identification marker configured to enable integration with an archive management system. The identification marker may comprise, for example a label, a barcode, and / or a QR-code.

[074] The box may be configured to contain at least one wallet having an empty configuration and an expanded configuration, each wallet being configured to retain at least one dry biological sample therein when in the expanded configuration (hereafter also referred to as “expandable wallet(s)”). Preferably, the box may be configured to contain a plurality of wallets. For example, the box may be configured to contain at least 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 expandable wallets. Advantageously, the expandable wallets may enable sub-categorisation of samples within the system.

[075] Typically, each sub-chamber may be configured to receive no more than a single wallet in an expanded configuration.

[076] Each wallet may have an empty configuration and an expanded configuration. Each wallet is configured to retain at least one dry biological sample therein when in an expanded configuration. Each expandable wallet may be configured to enable storage of samples of varying sizes and dimensions when in an expanded configuration. Advantageously, this may allow the wallet to take up less space when in an empty configuration, then to be expanded to store samples.

[077] Each wallet may comprise at least one compartment. Preferably, each wallet comprises a plurality of compartments. Preferably, each compartment may be configured to retain a dry biological sample. More preferably, each compartment is configured to retain a single dry biological sample. Preferably, the at least one sample is stored within a sample sleeve, as defined elsewhere herein.

[078] Preferably, at least one wallet may comprise foldable side panels configured to enable the transition between the empty configuration and the expanded configuration (i.e., expansion and contraction of the wallet). Additionally, or alternatively, at least one wallet may comprise foldable base panels configured to enable the transition between the empty configuration and the expanded configuration (i.e., expansion and contraction of the wallet). Preferably, each expandable wallet may comprise foldable side and base panels configured to enable the transition between the empty configuration and the expanded configuration (i.e., expansion and contraction of the wallet). The expansion and contraction of the wallet may be substantially in a single direction.

[079] The side and / or base panel(s) may preferably comprise a concertina fold configured to enable the transition between the empty configuration and the expanded configuration (i.e., expansion and contraction of the wallet). Advantageously, the fold(s) may enable the size of the wallet to be expanded and contracted by the user, allowing the storage of samples of varied sizes and increasing the ease with which samples can be stored and retrieved. The folded side and / or base panel(s) may advantageously enable different compartments of the same expandable wallet to expand and contract independently to better enable the storage of samples of varied sizes. Advantageously, this may allow the wallet to take up less space when some compartments are not in use, whilst allowing expansion to store additional samples.

[080] Typically, at least one wallet may comprise a backboard configured to enable the wallet to stand unsupported in an upright position outside of the box. Advantageously, this may improve the usability of the system within a laboratory.

[081] At least one of the wallets may comprise at least one ventilation hole. Preferably, each of the plurality of wallets comprises at least one ventilation hole. The at least one ventilation hole may not be the opening of the compartment configured to receive the sample.

[082] Typically, the at least one divider is configured to be positioned within the main chamber to define at least one sub-chamber thereof; said sub-chamber being configured to receive a wallet in an expanded configuration and to separate said wallet from the remainder of the main chamber. Preferably, the at least one divider is configured to be positioned within the main chamber to provide a plurality of sub-chambers. Preferably, each sub-chamber is configured to receive a single wallet in an expanded configuration.

[083] Preferably, the system comprises a plurality of dividers. The divider(s) may be configured to be arranged within the base of the box. The divider(s) may define sub-chambers within the box configured to receive a plurality of expandable wallets. Preferably, each sub-chamber is configured to receive no more than a single wallet in an expanded configuration.

[084] Each divider may couple to at least one further divider. Preferably, each divider may comprise a plurality of coupling points at which it may couple to a further divider, and / or to the box. A coupling point may comprise a slot configured to interlock with a complementary slot of another divider. The dividers may be configured to substantially prevent movement of expandable wallets within the box, particularly during handling and / or transport of the system. This function may advantageously be performed even if not all of the sub-chambers contain an expandable wallet. Restricting movement of the expandable wallets within the box may reduce the likelihood of sample damage.

[085] Arrangement of the dividers, and thereby the dimensions of the sub-chambers, may be adjusted according to the dimensions of the box, and / or the number of expandable wallets, and / or the level of expansion of the expandable wallets due to the sample(s) contained therein. Advantageously, the adjustability of the divider(s) may enable improved versatility of the system to accommodate different sample sizes and numbers of samples. Furthermore, the arrangement of the expandable wallets and the divider(s) may reduce movement of the samples within the box, and thereby may reduce the likelihood of sample damage. Preferably, the at least one divider comprises at least one ventilation hole. Preferably, each divider comprises a plurality of ventilation holes.

[086] Preferably, one or more of the box, at least one wallet, and / or at least one wallet compartment comprises an identification marker configured to enable integration with an archive management system. Preferably, at least one divider and / or at least one wallet and / or the box comprises at least one ventilation hole.

[087] Typically, the modular archival storage system may further comprise at least one removable desiccant blanket. The desiccant blanket may comprise at least one desiccant containing compartment. Preferably, the at least one removable desiccant blanket comprises at least two interconnected desiccant containing compartments. Additionally, or alternatively, the modular archival storage system may further comprise loose desiccant (i.e. not contained within a desiccant blanket).

[088] Typically, the system according to the present invention may comprise from about 1 g to about 250 g of silica desiccant, for example about 125 g. The desiccant mass per desiccant containing compartment may be from about 1g to about 50 g, preferably from 2 g to about 10 g, more preferably from about 3 g to about 5 g, for example 4 g. This feature may allow versatility as to the number of desiccant containing compartments used in the system, allowing finer control over relative humidity levels. In use, the desiccant blanket may be arranged within the box. The desiccant blanket may comprise a biodegradable cover-stock material, which provides the compartments in which the desiccant is stored.

[089] Preferably, the interconnected desiccant containing compartments may be separable. Typically, the interconnected desiccant containing compartments are configured to enable connection, and / or separation, and / or folding of the interconnected desiccant compartments. The desiccant blanket may comprise connector regions between each compartment. Said connector regions may be substantially free from desiccant to facilitate foldability of the blanket.

[090] Each desiccant containing compartment of the desiccant blanket may contain the same mass of desiccant. The desiccant may be in particulate form. Preferably, the desiccant may comprise silica gel. Alternatively, the desiccant may comprise montmorillonite clay. Preferably, at least some of the desiccant contained within the desiccant compartments may be configured to indicate saturation. Such saturation may be indicated, for example, by a colour change.

[091] Advantageously, the provision of a contained mass of desiccant is an improvement over prior art methods which have largely used unmeasured, loose desiccant inside storage apparatus. The desiccant blanket may reduce waste, and may improve the environmental impact of the modular archival storage system. The desiccant blanket may also enable more accurate control of relative humidity levels within the modular archival storage system than methods of the prior art.

[092] Typically, one or more of the components of the modular archival storage system may comprise a biodegradable material. Preferably, the material may be sustainably resourced. Preferably, sustainably resourced materials may meet the Forestry Stewardship Council standard. Preferably, the box, and / or the expandable wallets, and / or the dividers of the modular archival storage system may comprise a biodegradable and / or sustainably resourced material. More preferably, the box, the expandable wallets, and the divider(s) may consist of one or more biodegradable and / or sustainably resourced materials.

[093] For the purposes of the present invention, biodegradable materials may be defined as those materials that meet ISO 14855. Preferably, said biodegradable materials must meet European biodegradable and compostable standards, as set out in European standard EN 13432. EN 13432 sets out maximum admissible concentrations of heavy metals allowable, as shown in Table 1 below. EN 13432 further requires that within a maximum of 6 months at least 90% of the organic material has been converted into CO2, water, and minerals. EN 13432 further requires that if the packaging sample is mixed with organic waste and maintained under test scale composting conditions for 12 weeks, no more than 10% of material fragments are allowed be larger than 2 mm. EN 13432 further requires that the quality of the compost should not decrease as a result of the packaging material. Element Mg / kg on dry substance Zn 150.0 Cu 50.0 Ni 25.0 Cd 0.5 Pb 50.0 Hg 0.5 Cr 50.0 Mo 1.0 Se 0.75 As 5.0 F 100

[094] Preferably, the biodegradable material(s) may comprise paper, card, pressboard, mountboard, and / or archival corrugated board. The biodegradable materials may comprise a fabric such as linen, preferably flax linen, or tea-bag paper, preferably cellulose fibre tea-bag paper. Advantageously, when such materials are used, the problem of static cling may be substantially avoided. This may simplify the sample storage process.

[095] The desiccant may not be compostable or biodegradable. Preferably, the desiccant blanket may be the only module of the present invention that requires processing before composting, i.e., removal of the desiccant particles from the cover stock, then composting of the cover stock.

[096] For the avoidance of doubt, further features and advantages of the modular archival storage system may be as described in relation to the kit of the preceding aspect. The skilled person will appreciate that the kit of the preceding aspect, when assembled, provides a modular archival storage system according to the present aspect.

[097] In a further aspect, the present invention provides a desiccant blanket for use in a modular archival storage system according to any embodiment of the preceding aspect. The desiccant blanket may comprise at least two interconnected desiccant compartments, wherein each desiccant compartment contains a mass of desiccant.

[098] The desiccant blanket may comprise any integer of interconnected desiccant compartments up to about 50. Preferably, the desiccant blanket comprises from about 2 to about 20 interconnected desiccant compartments, for example 15 interconnected desiccant compartments.

[099] Preferably, the interconnected desiccant compartments may be separable. This may enable the selection of the appropriate number of desiccant compartments, and hence the appropriate quantity of desiccant, for the volume of the box, and / or the mass and type of dunnage arranged within the box, and / or the atmospheric conditions (temperature and relative humidity) of the region where the system is to be stored. Typically, the system according to the present invention may comprise from about 1 g to about 250 g of silica desiccant, for example about 125 g. The desiccant mass per compartment may be from about 1g to about 50 g, preferably from 2 g to about 10 g, more preferably from about 3 g to about 5 g, for example 4 g. This feature may allow versatility as to the number of desiccant compartments used in the system, allowing finer control over relative humidity levels.

[100] The desiccant blanket may comprise a biodegradable cover-stock material. Preferably, the desiccant blanket may comprise a natural fabric, or a paper. Preferably, the desiccant blanket may have a moisture vapour transmission rate (MVTR) greater than or equal to about 20,000 g / m2 / 24 hours. For example, the desiccant blanket may comprise linen, preferably a 100% flax linen having a density of from about 150 gsm to about 300 gsm, and a thickness of from about 0.5 mm to about 1.5 mm.

[101] Alternatively, the desiccant blanket may comprise fibrous paper, such as teabag paper. Preferably the tea-bag paper may be non-heat sealable, unbleached, 100% cellulose fibre. Preferably the tea-bag paper may have a density of from about 12 gsm to about 20 gsm. Preferably, the tea-bag paper may have a thickness of less than or equal to 0.3 mm. Preferably, the tea-bag paper may have a dry tensile strength in a machine direction (MD) of from about 0.5 kN / m to about 0.9 kN / m, and in a cross direction (CD) of from about 0.15 kN / m to about 0.20 kN / m. Preferably, the tea-bag paper may have a wet tensile strength in a machine direction (MD) of from about 0.18 kN / m to about 0.25 kN / m.

[102] Each desiccant compartment of the desiccant blanket may contain the same mass of desiccant. The desiccant may be in particulate form. The desiccant particles may have a diameter less than about 5.0 mm. In some embodiments, the desiccant particles may have a diameter of from about 0.2 mm to about 1.0 mm. In alternative embodiments, the desiccant particles may have a diameter from about 1.0 to about 3.0 mm. In alternative embodiments, the desiccant particles may have a diameter of from about 2.0 mm to about 5.0 mm. Preferably, the desiccant may comprise silica gel. Alternatively, the desiccant may comprise montmorillonite clay.

[103] Preferably, each desiccant compartment may have a length of from about 20 mm to about 40 mm, and a width of from about 10 mm to about 30 mm.

[104] Preferably, the removable desiccant blankets may be removed from the modular archival storage system when saturated. The saturated desiccant blanket may then be reactivated, for example by drying and / or heating. Advantageously, this may make the desiccant blanket re-usable. The ability to re-use the at least one removable desiccant blanket may significantly reduce waste and the environmental impact of the desiccant blanket of the present invention.

[105] Advantageously, the provision of a contained mass of desiccant is an improvement over prior art methods which have largely used unmeasured, loose desiccant inside storage apparatus. The desiccant blanket may reduce waste, and may improve the environmental impact of the modular archival storage system. The desiccant blanket may also enable more accurate control of relative humidity levels within the modular archival storage system than methods of the prior art.

[106] Typically, the interconnected desiccant compartments are configured to enable connection, and / or separation, and / or folding of the interconnected desiccant compartments. The desiccant blanket may comprise connector regions between each compartment. Said connector regions may be substantially free from desiccant to facilitate foldability of the blanket. Said connector regions may comprise perforations to facilitate separation of the compartments. For the avoidance of doubt, further features and advantages of the desiccant blanket may be as described in relation to the kit or system of the preceding aspects.

[107] In a further aspect, the present invention provides an archival storage method, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a modular archival storage system or kit of any embodiment described previously herein; (b) inserting at least one dry biological sample into a sample sleeve; (c) inserting at least one sample sleeve into a compartment of a wallet in an expanded configuration; (d) optionally, repeating steps (b) and (c) for one or more additional dry biological samples; (e) inserting the wallet into a sub-chamber of the box, such that it is separated from the remainder of the main chamber by a divider.

[108] The archival storage method may further comprise a step of determining the number of interconnected desiccant compartments required to provide appropriate storage conditions according to the number and / or type of dry biological sample within the box, and / or the environmental conditions in which the modular archival storage system is to be stored. The number of desiccant compartments required to provide appropriate storage conditions may depend on the volume of the box, the mass and / or type of dunnage stored therein. The number of interconnected desiccant compartments required may be determined by the overall mass of desiccant required to retain the relative humidity within acceptable limits. The step may further comprise inserting the interconnected desiccant compartments into the box. Determining the appropriate quantity of desiccant may allow for more precise control of humidity levels than prior art methods and can greatly improve sample preservation over prior art methods.

[109] The archival storage method may further comprise further step comprising storing the modular archival storage system at a temperature of from about -20°C to about 50°C, and / or a relative humidity of from about 0% to about 75%. Preferably, the archival storage method comprises storing the modular archival storage system within a humidity chamber.

[110] In a further aspect, the present invention provides a modular archival storage system for the storage of dry biological samples. The system comprises a box defining a main chamber and having a removable lid and at least one wallet having an empty configuration and an expanded configuration. The wallet(s) comprise a plurality of compartments. Each compartment is configured to retain a single dry biological sample (i.e., a sample), such that no sample is in contact with a further sample. Preferably, each dry biological sample may be inserted into an envelope, such as a glassine-paper envelope, which is then inserted into the compartment. The skilled person will appreciate that the samples may be stored within sample sleeves, which are placed within the compartments. In such embodiments, no sample sleeve may be in contact with a further sample sleeve. Advantageously, preventing contact between samples may reduce the likelihood of sample damage. Further features of this aspect may be as defined in relation to any preceding aspect or embodiment.

[111] In a further aspect, the present invention provides a wallet for a modular archival storage system for the storage of dry biological samples, wherein the wallet has an empty configuration and an expanded configuration, the wallet being configured to retain at least one dry biological sample therein when in an expanded configuration. Preferably, the wallet comprises a plurality of compartments, each compartment being configured to retain at least one dry biological sample therein when in an expanded configuration. Preferably, each compartment is configured to retain a single dry biological sample, and wherein the wallet comprises a backboard configured to enable the wallet to stand unsupported in an upright position when outside of the box. Further features of the wallet may be as described in other aspects and embodiments.

[112] In a further aspect, the present invention provides a divider for a modular archival storage system for the storage of dry biological samples in a box defining a main chamber and having a removable lid. The divider is configured to be positioned within the main chamber of the box to define a sub-chamber thereof, said sub-chamber being configured to receive a wallet in an expanded configuration, and to separate said wallet from the remainder of the main chamber. Preferably, the divider comprises at least one ventilation hole. Preferably, the at least one ventilation hole is formed between the divider and the side wall or the base of the box. Further features of the divider may be as described in other aspects and embodiments.

[113] For the avoidance of doubt, all aspects and embodiments described herein may be combined mutatis mutandis. Furthermore, for the avoidance of doubt, all disclosure prima facie directed to the modular archival storage system may be applied to the kit for a modular archival storage system and the components of said kit. Brief Description of the Figures

[114] Preferred features of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[115] Figure 1 shows a closed configuration of a box of the system / kit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[116] Figure 2 shows an open configuration of a box of the system / kit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[117] Figures 3-6 show views of a wallet of the system / kit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[118] Figures 7-12 show arrangements of dividers of the system / kit in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[119] Figures 13-15 show desiccant blankets in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[120] Figure 16 shows an exploded view of a kit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[121] Figure 17 shows dividers arranged within a box of the system / kit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[122] Figure 18 shows expandable wallets arranged within sub-chambers of dividers of the system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[123] Figure 19 shows dividers, expandable wallets, and a desiccant blanket arranged within a box of the system / kit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Description

[124] Figures 1 and 2 show a box of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention, when in closed and open configurations, respectively.

[125] The box comprises a base (1) and a lid (2). In the closed configuration shown in Figure 1, the lid (2) covers the opening of the base (1), preventing access thereto. In this embodiment, the lid (2) and the base (1) are a one-piece construction. Accordingly, throughout use, the lid (2) remains continuously connected to the base (1). In this embodiment, the box has a ‘clamshell’ construction. The lid (2) comprises a notch (3) configured to facilitate the opening and closing of the lid (2).

[126] Preferably, the box comprises biodegradable, archival-quality corrugated cardboard. In this embodiment, the base (1) further comprises a plurality of ventilation holes (4), configured to allow airflow into and out of the box. As shown in Figure 2, the plurality of ventilation holes (4) are arranged through opposing side walls of the base (1) of the box. In this embodiment, the plurality of ventilation holes (4) are arranged in a grid pattern. The presence of ventilation holes (4) in the box are particularly preferable when the box is to be stored in a humidity-controlled environment. The lid (2) has a cutaway section configured to reveal the ventilation holes (4) when the box is in the closed configuration.

[127] The box further comprises a first identification marker (5). In this embodiment, the first identification marker (5) is a bar-code. The first identification marker (5) is located on an outer surface of a side panel of the base (1). The cutaway section of the lid (2) reveals the first identification marker (5) when the box is in the closed configuration. The box further comprises a second identification marker (6). In this embodiment, the second identification marker (6) comprises a pocket containing an identification label. The second identification marker (6) is located on the lid (2). In this embodiment, the first (5) and second (6) identification markers are located on an end face of the box such that they may be visible when the system is stored within, for example, a humidity chamber.

[128] Figure 2 shows the box of the system in an open configuration, wherein the lid (2) is not covering the opening of the base (1). The base (1) and the lid (2) are coupled via a connection portion (7). The box further comprises a third identification marker (8) located on the connection portion such that it is visible when the box is in an open configuration. In this embodiment, the third identification marker (8) comprises a pocket containing an identification label. The box further comprises a fourth identification marker (9) located on an inner surface of a side wall of the base (1). In this embodiment, the fourth identification marker (9) comprises a bar-code. Accordingly, this embodiment comprises a plurality of identification markers (5,6,8,9), wherein at least one identification marker is visible whether the box is in an open or a closed configuration.

[129] Figures 3-6 show representations of a wallet of the system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The expandable wallet comprises a plurality of compartments (10). In the embodiment of Figure 3, the expandable wallet comprises 6 compartments. Each compartment (10) is configured to store at least one sample (not shown), preferably a single sample. Each compartment (10) comprises an open end into which a sample may be inserted. Each compartment (10) further comprises an identification marker (11). The identification marker (11) is configured to be visible when inserting a sample into the compartment.

[130] The expandable wallet comprises a plurality of divider panels (12), connected to a pair of side panels (13). As shown in Figure 6, the expandable wallet further comprises a base panel (14). The base panel (14), side panels (13) and a pair of adjacent divider panels (12) define each compartment. The size panels (13) are foldable to enable expansion and contraction of the expandable wallet. The base panel (14) is also foldable to enable expansion and contraction of the expandable wallet. The side panels (13) and base panel (14), respectively, comprise a concertina fold. This configuration may enable the size of the wallet to be expanded and contracted by the user. Furthermore, each compartment (10) may expand or contract independently of the other compartments (10) of the same wallet.

[131] Figures 4 and 5 show the expandable wallet in an empty configuration and an expanded configuration, respectively.

[132] The expandable wallet comprises a plurality of ventilation holes (15). The ventilation holes (15) are configured to increase airflow into and out of each compartment (10) of the expandable wallet. In this embodiment, the ventilation holes (15) are located between the base panel (14) and the side panel(s) (13).

[133] The expandable wallet further comprises a backboard (16). The backboard (16) is configured to allow the wallet to stand unsupported in an upright position outside of the box base (1). Additionally, the backboard (16) enables the user to handle the expandable wallet without risking crushing or damaging the samples contained therein. Thus, the backboard (16) aids in the positioning of the wallet, and facilitates orientation of the wallet inside the box base (1). This greatly improves the ability of the user to retrieve samples for further study whilst maintaining sample organisation when the samples are no longer stored within the box. The backboard (16) comprises a relatively rigid material in comparison to the relatively flexible material of the divider panels (12), the side panels (13) and base panel (14). The backboard (16) comprises mountboard having a thickness of about 1.25 mm. The base panel (14) comprises linen book cloth. The backboard (16) further comprises an identification marker. The identification marker is configured to be visible when the wallet is located within the box when in an open configuration. In this embodiment, the identification marker is a barcode.

[134] Figures 7-12 show arrangements of dividers of the system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Specifically, figure 7 shows an arrangement of dividers comprising a plurality of Tow’ dividers (17), coupled to a plurality of ‘column’ dividers (18). In this arrangement, the row dividers (17) are arranged generally perpendicularly to the column dividers (18). The dividers (17,18) are arranged to provide sub-chambers (19), each configured to receive therein at least one wallet.

[135] Each row divider (17) comprises a plurality of coupling points (i.e., slots) (20) to enable coupling to a column divider (18). Each column divider (18) comprises corresponding coupling points (i.e., slots) (21,22). When coupled, a slot (21) of a column divider (18) is inserted into a slot (20) of a row divider (17). In this embodiment, the column dividers (18) have a plurality of slots (21,22) arranged along the length of the divider (18). This enables the coupling position between a row divider (17) and a column divider (18) to be adjusted to change the dimensions of the sub-chambers (19). Accordingly, the arrangement of the row (17) and column (18) dividers, respectively, can be adjusted according to the dimensions of the box, and / or the number of expandable wallets, and / or the level of expansion of the expandable wallets due to the sample(s) contained therein.

[136] For example, in Figures 7 and 8, there are four row dividers (17) and three column dividers (18), arranged to provide six sub-chambers (19). In Figure 9, there are three row dividers (17) and three column dividers (18), arranged to provide four sub-chambers (19).

[137] Figures 10 to 12 show top-down views of different arrangements of row (17) and column (18) dividers, providing different numbers and sizes of sub-chambers (19). The lengths of the dividers (17,18) may be selected according to the dimensions of the main chamber.

[138] In this embodiment, each row divider (17) and column divider (18), respectively, comprises a plurality of ventilation holes (23). The ventilation holes (23) increase air flow between the sub-chambers and therefore within the box. The ventilation holes (23) are arranged between the slots (20,21).

[139] Figures 13 to 15 show desiccant blanket(s) (24) in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. The desiccant blanket(s) (24) comprise a plurality of interconnected desiccant containing compartments (25). Each desiccant compartment (25) contains therein a mass of desiccant (26). The desiccant (26) is confined within the compartment (25) and can neither escape the compartment nor move between compartments. In this embodiment, the desiccant (26) comprises silica-gel beads. Specifically, the desiccant (26) comprises a mixture of indicating (i.e., colour changing) and non-indicating silica-gel beads. Accordingly, the indicating silica-gel beads may indicate saturation during use by changing colour.

[140] The desiccant blanket(s) (24) comprise a heat-resistant and porous material. The porosity is such to enable airflow into and out of the compartment(s) (25), whilst retaining the desiccant (26) within the compartment(s) (25).

[141] Desiccant compartments (25) may be connected by a connector region (27) between each compartment (25). The connector regions (27) are substantially free from desiccant and enable folding of the blanket (24). The connector regions (27) seal adjacent compartments from each other, preventing desiccant egress therefrom. The desiccant compartments (25) are separable along the connector regions (27), thus enabling a specific number of compartments (25) to be selected. Said separation may occur both length-ways and width-ways, as shown in Figures 14 and 15, respectively.

[142] Figure 16 shows an exploded view of the kit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The kit comprises a box (28) having a lid and a base. The box (28) may be as described in relation to Figures 1 and 2. The kit further comprises a plurality of dividers (29). The dividers (29) may be as described in relation to Figure 7. The kit further comprises a plurality of expandable wallets (30). The expandable wallets (30) may be as described in Figures 3 to 6. The kit further comprises a desiccant blanket (24). The desiccant blanket may be as described in Figure 13.

[143] The dividers (29) may be arranged within the box (28), as shown in Figure 17. The expandable wallets (30) may be removably arranged within the sub-chambers, provided by the dividers (29), as shown in Figure 18. This arrangement shows that the sub-chambers each contain a separate expandable wallet (30). Figure 19 shows the arrangement of the dividers (29) and expandable wallets (30) within the box (28). The dividers (29) are configured to separate the expandable wallets (30) within the box (28). The desiccant blanket (24) is arranged within the box (28), atop the expandable wallets (30).

[144] For the avoidance of doubt, features of any aspects or embodiments recited 5 herein may be combined mutatis mutandis. Furthermore, for the avoidance of doubt, all disclosure prima facie directed to the modular archival storage system may be applied to the kit for a modular archival storage system and the components of said kit. It will be appreciated that various modifications may be made to the embodiments shown without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the 10 accompanying claims as interpreted under patent law.

Claims

08 07 251. A kit for a modular archival storage system for the storage of dry biological samples, the kit comprising:5 at least one wallet having an empty configuration and an expandedconfiguration, each wallet being configured to retain at least one dry biological sample therein when in an expanded configuration, wherein at least one wallet comprises a plurality of compartments, each compartment being configured to retain a dry biological sample; and10 at least one divider being configured to be positioned within a main chamber ofa box to define a sub-chamber thereof, said sub-chamber being configured to receive a wallet in an expanded configuration, and to separate said wallet from the remainder of the main chamber.15 2. The kit of claim 1, further comprising at least one desiccant blanket comprisingat least one desiccant containing compartment, preferably comprising at least two interconnected desiccant compartments.

3. The kit of claim 1 or 2, wherein each compartment is configured to retain a 0 single dry biological sample.

4. The kit of any preceding claim, wherein at least one wallet comprises foldable side and / or base panels configured to enable the transition between the empty configuration and the expanded configuration, preferably wherein each foldable25 side and / or base panel comprises a concertina fold.

5. The kit of any preceding claim, wherein at least one wallet comprises a backboard configured to enable the wallet to stand unsupported in an upright position when outside of the box.

306. The kit of any preceding claim, wherein further comprising a box defining a main chamber and having a removable lid, the box being configured to receive the at least one divider and at least one wallet; preferably wherein the lid and a base of the box are a one-piece construction.08 07 257. The kit of claim 6, wherein at least one divider and / or at least one wallet and / or the box comprises at least one ventilation hole.5 8. The kit of claim 7, wherein a base of the box comprises at least one ventilationhole, preferably wherein the lid of the box is configured to expose the at least one ventilation hole in the base of the box when in a closed configuration.

9. The kit of any preceding claim, wherein one or more of the components of the 10 modular archival storage system comprises a biodegradable material,preferably wherein the wallets, and the dividers of the modular archival storage system comprise a biodegradable material, more preferably wherein the box, the wallets, and the dividers of the modular archival storage system comprise a biodegradable material.1510. The kit of any preceding claim, wherein one or more of the box, at least one wallet, and / or at least one compartment comprises an identification marker configured to enable integration with an archive management system.0 11 .An archival storage method, comprising the steps of:(a) providing a kit according to any of claims 1 to 10;(b) inserting at least one dry biological sample into a sample sleeve;(c) inserting at least one sample sleeve into a compartment of a wallet in an expanded configuration;25 (d) optionally, repeating steps (b) and (c) for one or more additional drybiological samples;(e) inserting the wallet into a sub-chamber of the box, such that it is separated from the remainder of the main chamber by a divider.30 12. The archival storage method of claim 11, further comprising the step ofdetermining the number of interconnected desiccant compartments required to provide appropriate storage conditions according to the number and / or type of dry biological sample within the box, and / or the environmental conditions inwhich the modular archival storage system is to be stored; and inserting the interconnected desiccant compartments into the box.

13. The archival storage method of claim 11 or 12, further comprising the step of 5 storing the modular archival storage system at a temperature of from about -20°C to about 50°C, and / or a relative humidity of from about 0% to about 75%; preferably wherein said storage is within a humidity chamber.08 07 25

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