Construction method for constructing abutment by using temporary retaining wall under steep side slope condition

Abstract

The present application discloses a construction method for an abutment by using a retaining wall 4 on a steep side slope. A soil layer 3 is backfilled behind the retaining wall and a flat temporary abutment construction platform 61 formed to support the piling equipment. After the piles 2 are installed, a platform 1 is constructed on top of them and the soil behind the walls removed. The main body of the abutment is then installed. Anchor cables 8 and side walls 5 may be used to support the wall.

Description

Technical Field The present application relates to the field of abutment construction, and in particular to a construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition. Background Art The mountainous and canyon areas are generally affected by the collision of continental plates, resulting in high seismic intensity. Deck steel arch bridge has the advantages of attractive appearance, convenient construction, high structural stiffness, excellent seismic performance, and good adaptability7 to the environment. As a pressure bearing structure, the main arch naturally adapts to the canyon terrain in high-altitude mountainous areas. Therefore, it has been widely applied in engineering construction in high-altitude mountainous areas. Abutment is a building that supports the upper structure of the bridge and connects with the canyon. When encountering a high and deep cut V-shaped canyon terrain, and when it is necessary7 to carry out abutment pile foundation construction at the half waist position of the canyon, construction equipment such as pile drivers are difficult to place and complete pile driving construction on steep and uneven canyon side slopes. The difficulty in the construction of the abutment is great and there are safety hazards in the construction, so there is still room for improvement. Summary of the Invention In order to facilitate the construction of an abutment under a steep side slope condition and improve the construction safety7 of the abutment, the present application provides a construction method for constmcting an abutment by using a temporary7 retaining wall under a steep side slope condition. The construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition provided in the present application adopts the following technical solution: A construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition, including the following steps: SI: arranging a retaining wall below an abutment construction site on a canyon side slope. where a back side of the retaining wall is the abutment construction site, and a bottom of the retaining wall is vertically inserted into the canyon side slope; S2: backfilling a soil layer on the back side of the retaining wall, where a surface of the soil layer is used as a temporary construction platform, then downwards constructing pillars of an abutment on the surface of the soil layer, where bottom ends of the pillars extend into the canyon side slope, and top ends of the pillars extend out of the surface of the soil layer, and then constructing a bearing platform of the abutment on the surface of the soil layer, where the pillars are buried at a bottom of the bearing platform; and S3: excavating the soil layer from the abutment construction site, and then carrying out the pouring construction of a main body of the abutment. By adopting the above technical solution, the soil layer is backfilled at the abutment construction site, so a flat temporary’ abutment construction platform can be formed for construction equipment such as drilling machines and pile drivers to carry out construction on the surface of the soil layer. In addition, the back side of the retaining wall provides support force for the soil layer, thus improving the stability of the soil layer. After the construction of the pillars and the bearing platform of the abutment is completed, the bearing platform can support tire construction equipment for construction. Then, the soil layer is excavated and the pouring construction of the main body of the abutment is carried out, thus improving the construction safety of the abutment. Alternatively, in SI, two sets of wing walls are respectively constructed on two sides of the retaining wall and the retaining wall and the two sets of wing walls form a retaining stmeture of the soil layer on the surface of the canyon side slope. By adopting the above technical solution, the retaining wall, two sets of wing walls and the surface of the canyon side slope form the retaining stmeture of the soil layer, thus stabilizing the soil layer at the abutment construction site, reducing the collapse of the soil layer, and further improving the stability of the soil layer. Alternatively, after the construction of the retaining wall in SI, anchor cables are connected to the back side of the retaining wall, and ends of the anchor cables away from the retaining wall are anchored in the canyon side slope. By adopting the above technical solution, the anchor cables provide pre-tightening force for the retaining wall, thus improving the bearing capacity of the retaining wall and promoting the stability of the soil layer. Alternatively, the retaining wall includes several wall body units, and the several wall body units are sequentially assembled from bottom to top to form the retaining wall; in S3, the soil layer is excavated layer by layer, one wall body unit is disassembled after each layer of the soil layer is excavated, and the several retaining walls are sequentially disassembled from top to bottom. Due to the natural growth of large areas of plants on the canyon side slope, the presence of the retaining wall will affect the attractiveness of the canyon side slope and the growth environment of animals and plants. After the completion of the construction of the abutment, the retaining wall needs to be disassembled. Currently, poured-in-place retaining wall requires cutting equipment or crushing machines for disassembling. Due to the steep and uneven nature of the canyon side slope, it is difficult to operate through cutting equipment or crushing machines, and the crushed materials produced by crushing will roll down and damage trees, thus affecting the ecological environment of the canyon. By adopting the above technical solution, several wall body units are assembled from bottom to top, thus improving the construction efficiency of the retaining wall and facilitating tire disassembling and removal of multiple blocks in the later stage of construction. In addition, the soil layer is also excavated layer by layer, one wall body unit is disassembled after each layer of the soil layer of excavated, and tire soil layer can be used as a temporary construction platform, thus improving the construction safety during the disassembling of the retaining wall. Alternatively, an upper surface of each wall body unit is provided with a clamping groove, two ends of the clamping groove are open, a lower surface of each wall body unit is provided with a clamping block that is adaptable to the clamping groove, and every two wall body units that are adjacent from top to bottom are fixed through clamping by using the clamping groove and the clamping block. By adopting the above technical solution, every two wall body units that are adjacent from top to bottom are fixed through clamping by using the clamping groove and the clamping block, thus facilitating the assembling of the retaining wall. Alternatively, each wing wall includes several side wall units, and the several side wall units are sequentially assembled from bottom to top to form the wing wall; in S3, the several wing walls are sequentially disassembled from top to bottom, and one layer of the soil layer is excavated after each side wall unit is disassembled when the soil layer is excavated layer by layer. By adopting tire above technical solution, one side wall unit is firstly disassembled, and then the soil layer is excavated, so that the disassembling of the wing wall is facilitated and the side wall unit located at the bottom layer can still provide support for the soil layer, thus reducing the probability of sudden collapse of the soil layer. Alternatively, an outer side of each wing wall is provided with a discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is used for collecting soil produced during the excavation of the soil layer, and the discharge pipe extends to a position below the canyon side slope. By adopting the above technical solution, the soil in the soil layer is excavated from two sides, and the soil can directly slide down to the bottom of the canyon side slope through the discharge pipe under its own gravity, thus improving the discharging efficiency of the soil and reducing the damage to the plants on the canyon side slope. Alternatively, an upper end of the discharge pipe is communicated with a funnel, and an upper end of the funnel is open and spreads outward. By adopting the above technical solution, the feed inlet of the discharge pipe can be increased, facilitating the collection of most of the excavated soil to the discharge pipe, reducing the probability of some soil sliding off from the outside of the discharge pipe, and improving the safety of soil discharging. To sum up. the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By backfilling the soil layer at the abutment construction site, a flat temporary abutment construction platform can be formed for construction equipment such as drilling machines and pile drivers to cany out construction on the surface of the soil layer. In addition, the retaining wall is ananged below the abutment construction site on the canyon side slope, the back side of the retaining wall is the abutment construction site, the bottom of the retaining wall is vertically inserted into the canyon side slope, and the back side of the retaining wall provides support force for the soil layer, thus improving the stability of the soil layer. After the completion of the construction of the pillars and the bearing platform of the abutment, the abutment can support the construction equipment for construction. Then, the soil layer is excavated and the pouring construction of the main body of the abutment is carried out, thus improving the construction safety of the abutment. 2. By assembling several wall body units from bottom to top to form the retaining wall, the assembling function of the retaining wall is achieved, thus not only improving the construction efficiency of the retaining wall, but also facilitating the disassembling and removal of multiple blocks in the later stage of construction. Moreover, the soil layer is excavated layer by layer, one wall body unit is disassembled after each layer of the soil layer is excavated, and the soil layer can be used as a temporary construction platform, thus improving the construction safety during the disassembling of the retaining wall. 3. By arranging the discharge pipes on the outer side of each wing wall to collect the soil produced during soil excavation, the soil in the soil layer can be excavated from two sides, the soil can directly slide down to tire bottom of the canyon side slope through the discharge pipe under its own gravity, thus improving the discharging efficiency of the soil and reducing the damage to the plants on the canyon side slope. Brief Description of the Drawings FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of structural distribution in a construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to embodiment 1 of the present application. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a position relationship between a retaining wall and an abutment in a construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to embodiment 1 of the present application. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of structural distribution in a construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to embodiment 2 of the present application. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a position relationship between a retaining wall and an abutment in a construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to embodiment 2 of the present application. Description of reference signs: 1-bearing platform; 2-pillar; 3-soil layer; 4-retaining wall; 41-side wall unit; 5-wing wall; 51-wall body unit; 6-canyon side slope; 61-abutment construction site; 7-discharge pipe; 71-funnel; 8-anchor cable; 9-clamping groove; 10-clamping block; 11-anchorbar Detailed Description of the Invention The present application will be further described below in detail with reference to FIGS. 1-4. Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1 of the present application discloses a construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. tire construction method includes the following steps: In SI, a retaining wall 4 and wing walls 5 on two sides of the retaining wall 4 are constructed below an abutment construction site 61 on a canyon side slope 6. The abutment construction site 61 is located on a back side of the retaining wall 4. A bottom of the retaining wall 4 is vertically inserted into the canyon side slope 6. The horizontal distance between the back side of the retaining wall 4 and the abutment construction site 61 is 4900mm. The length of the retaining wall 4 is 22930mm. The retaining wall 4 and two sets of wing walls 5 form a retaining structure of a soil layer 3 on a surface of the canyon side slope 6. In this embodiment, both the retaining wall 4 and the wing walls 5 are poured in place. Firstly, the construction personnel chisel a construction groove 62 for the retaining wall 4 on the canyon side slope 6, and set up pouring templates for the retaining wall 4 and the wing walls 5 outside the construction grove 62. The retaining wall 4 and the wing walls 5 are poured together. Two rows of anchor bars 11 with a diameter of 32mm are arranged in a bottom width direction of the retaining wall 4, with a spacing of 300mm. The spacing between several anchor bars 11 along the length direction of the retaining wall 4 is 500mm. The length of the anchor bar 11 anchored into the bottom of the retaining wall 4 is 0.8m. and the length anchored into a rock surface of canyon side slope 6 is 2m. Main bars of the wing walls 5 extend into the retaining wall 4 and are tied to main bars of the retaining wall 4 to improve the stability of the connection between the retaining wall 4 and the wing walls 5. During the construction of the retaining wall 4 in SI, anchor cables 8 are connected to the back side of the retaining wall 4, and ends of the anchor cables 8 away from the retaining wall 4 are anchored in the canyon side slope 6. The anchor cables 8 provide pre-tightening force for the retaining wall 4, thus improving the bearing capacity of the retaining wall 4 and promoting the stability of the soil layer 3. In S2, tire soil layer 3 is backfilled in the area enclosed by the retaining wall 4 and the wing walls 5. The soil layer 3 is sloped towards the wing walls 5 and the retaining wall 4. An upper surface of the soil layer 3 is used as a temporary construction platfonn. Then, rock drilling equipment is driven into the temporary construction platform and the abutment construction site 61 is excavated on the rock surface of the canyon side slope 6. The surface of the abutment construction site 61 is at the same height as the surface of the soil layer 3. Tire opening of the abutment construction site 61 allows the flattened rock surface of the canyon side slope 6 and the soil layer 3 to jointly serve as the temporary construction platform, thus expanding the temporary construction platform, providing construction space for the construction equipment, and simultaneously reducing the backfill amount of tire soil layer 3. Then, a drilling rig, an excavator, and grouting equipment are moved to the surface of the soil layer 3 as the temporary construction platform. Pillars 2 of tire abutment are constructed on the surface of the soil layer 3 and the abutment construction site 61 on the rock surface of the canyon side slope 6. The pillars 2 of the abutment are constructed downwards. Bottom ends of the pillars 2 extend into the canyon side slope 6. Top ends of the pillars 2 extend from the surfaces of the soil layer 3 and the abutment construction site 61. Then, a bearing platform 1 of the abutment is constructed on the surface of the soil layer 3. The bearing platform 1 spans the abutment construction site 61 on the rock surface of the canyon side slope 6 and the surface of the soil layer 3. The pillars 2 are buried at the bottom of the bearing platform 1. In S3, then, the soil layer 3 is excavated. The bearing platform 1 can be used as a construction platform for the excavator to excavate from the side surface of the soil layer 3. After the excavation is completed, cutting equipment is used to cut off the retaining wall 4 and the wing walls 5. Then, a main body of the abutment is poured. The exposed pillars 2 are buried in the main body of the abutment. The differences of embodiment 2 from embodiment 1 are as follows: Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the retaining wall 4 and the wing walls 5 in embodiment 2 are both assembled by adopting a modular assembly method. In this embodiment, the retaining wall 4 includes several wall body units 51. The several wall body units 51 are sequentially assembled from bottom to top to form the retaining wall 4. One wall body unit 51 corresponds to one layer of the soil layer 3. An upper surface of each wall body unit 51 is provided with a clamping groove 9. Two ends of the clamping groove 9 are open. A lower surface of each wall body unit 51 is provided with a clamping block 10 that is adaptable to the clamping groove 9. Every two wall body units 51 that are adjacent from top to bottom are fixed through clamping by using the clamping groove 9 and the clamping block 10. Before the retaining wall 4 and the wing walls 5 are mounted, the construction persomiel firstly chisel out construction grooves 62 for the retaining wall 4 and the wing walls 5 on the canyon side slope 6. The bottommost wall body unit 51 of the retaining wall 4 is inserted into the construction groove 62 of the retaining wall 4, and then the wall body units 51 are assembled from bottom to top to form the retaining wall 4. Several anchor cables 8 are connected to the back side of the retaining wall 4. Ends of the anchor cables 8 away from the retaining wall 4 are anchored into the canyon side slope 6. Each wall body unit 51 corresponds to two anchor cables 8. The anchor cables 8 provide pre-tightening force for the retaining wall 4. thus improving the bearing capacity of the retaining wall 4 and promoting the stability" of the soil layer 3. Each wing wall 5 includes several side wall units 41. The several side wall units 41 are sequentially assembled from bottom to top to form the wing wall 5. One side wall unit 41 corresponds to one layer of the soil layer 3. The assembling method of the wing wall 5 is the same as that of the retaining wall 4. The side wall units 41 that are adjacent from top to bottom are fixed through clamping by using tire clamping groove 9 and the clamping block 10. Then, the side wall units 41 are assembled from bottom to top to form the wing wall 5. An end portion of each side wall unit 41 is inserted into the construction groove 62 of the retaining wall 4. The side wall units 41 are provided with mounting holes that run through the thickness direction. The mounting holes are close to the wall body units 51. End portions of the wall body units 51 are provided with threaded holes. After the wall body units 51 and the side wall units 41 are in place, the mounting holes are aligned with the threaded holes, and the side wall units 41 and the wall body units 51 are fixed by bolts. In embodiment 2, a discharge pipe 7 is provided on an outer side of each wing wall 5. The discharge pipe 7 is tightly attached to the outer side of the wing wall 5 and fixed to the wing wall 5 by bolts. The discharge pipe 7 is used for collecting soil produced during excavation of the soil layer 3. An upper end of the discharge pipe 7 is communicated with a funnel 71. An upper end of the funnel 71 is open and spreads outward. The funnel 71 increases the feed inlet of the discharge pipe 7, thus facilitating the collection of most of the excavated soil to the discharge pipe 7. A lower end of the dischaige pipe 7 extends to a position below the canyon side slope 6, so as to guide the soil to a position below the canyon side slope 6. In the excavation construction of the soil layer 3, firstly the bolts of the side wall units 41 and the wall body units 51 are removed, and then the side wall units 41 at the top are horizontally pulled away to disassemble the top side wall units 41. Then, the workers cooperate with the excavator to excavate the soil layer 3. By excavating from two sides of the soil layer 3, the soil can slide directly through the dischaige pipe 7 to the bottom of the canyon side slope 6 under its own gravity, thus improving the discharging efficiency of the soil and reducing the damage to the plants on the canyon side slope 6. After one layer of the soil layer 3 is excavated, the anchor cables 8 at tire top wall body unit 51, are cut off, and then the top wall body unit 51 is slid laterally to remove tire top wall body unit 51. The wall body unit 51 and the side wall unit 41 located at the bottom can still provide support for the soil layer 3, thus reducing the probability of sudden collapse of the soil layer 3. What are described above are exemplary embodiments of the present application, which, however, do not limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary' retaining wall under a steep side slope condition, comprising the following steps:SI: arranging a retaining wall (4) below an abutment construction site (61) on a canyon side slope (6). wherein a back side of the retaining wall (4) is the abutment construction site (61), and a bottom of the retaining wall (4) is vertically inserted into the canyon side slope (6);S2: backfilling a soil layer (3) on the back side of the retaining wall (4). wherein a surface of the soil layer (3) is used as a temporary construction platform, then downwards constructing pillars (2) of an abutment on the surface of the soil layer (3), wherein bottom ends of the pillars (2) extend into the canyon side slope (6), and top ends of the pillars (2) extend out of the surface of the soil layer (3), and then constructing a bearing platform (1) of the abutment on the surface of the soil layer (3), wherein the pillars (2) are buried at a bottom of the bearing platform (1); andS3: excavating the soil layer (3) from the abutment construction site (61). and then carrying out the pouring construction of a main body of the abutment.

2. The construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to claim 1, wherein in SI, two sets of wing walls (5) are respectively constructed on two sides of the retaining wall (4), and the retaining wall (4) and the two sets of wing walls (5) form a retaining structure of the soil layer (3) on the surface of the canyon side slope (6).

3. The construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary' retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to claim 1, wherein during the construction of the retaining wall (4) in SI, anchor cables (8) are connected to the back side of the retaining wall (4), and ends of the anchor cables (8) away from the retaining wall (4) are anchored in the canyon side slope (6).

4. The construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to claim 3, wherein the retaining wall (4) comprises several wall body units (51). and the several wall body units (51) are sequentially assembled from bottom to top to form the retaining wall (4); in S3, the soil layer (3) is excavated layer by layer, one wall body unit (51) is disassembled after each layer of the soil layer (3) is excavated, and the several retaining walls (4) are sequentially disassembled from top to bottom.

5. The construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to claim 4, wherein an upper surface of each wallbody unit (51) is provided with a clamping groove (9), two ends of the clamping groove (9) are open, a lower surface of each wall body unit (51) is provided with a clamping block (10) that is adaptable to tire clamping groove (9), and every two wall body units (51) that are adjacent from top to bottom are fixed through clamping by using the clamping groove (9) and the clamping block (10).

6. The construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to claim 2, wherein each wing wall (5) comprises several side wall units (41), and tire several side wall units (41) are sequentially assembled from bottom to top to form the wing wall (5); in S3, the several wing walls (5) are sequentially disassembled from top to bottom, and one layer of the soil layer (3) is excavated after each side wall unit (41) is disassembled when the soil layer (3) is excavated layer by layer.

7. The construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to claim 6, wherein an outer side of each wing wall (5) is provided with a discharge pipe (7), the discharge pipe (7) is used for collecting soil produced during the excavation of the soil layer (3), and the discharge pipe (7) extends to a position below the canyon side slope (6).

8. The construction method for constructing an abutment by using a temporary retaining wall under a steep side slope condition according to claim 7, wherein an upper end of the discharge pipe (7) is communicated with a funnel (71), and an upper end of the funnel (71) is open and spreads outward.

Images