Display apparatus

Abstract

A display apparatus with first and second insulating layers OC1, OC2 located between a substrate 111 and an emission layer EL, wherein the insulating layers decrease in height between first and second adjacent subpixels EA1, EA2. The height decrease is either due to the first and second concave portions CV1, CV2 in the first and second insulating layers respectively or due to slopes S12, S22 within the first and second organic insulating layers. A second electrode E2 of the subpixel may extend across the concave portion of the second insulating layer and may have a portion that is located closer to the substrate than either the first electrodes E1 of the subpixels or the top of the first insulating layer S11. The slope of the first organic insulating layer may be steeper than the slope of the second. The second electrode may reflect light from the emission areas to the substrate.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit and priority of the Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0150977 filed on November 3, 2023, which is hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. BACKGROUND Field of the Invention

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a display apparatus having a bottom emission structure. Discussion of the Related Art

[0003] Display apparatuses may be classified into a bottom emission structure and a top emission structure, based on a direction in which emitted light is irradiated. Display apparatuses having the bottom emission structure may downward irradiate emitted light, and display apparatuses having the top emission structure may upward irradiate emitted light.

[0004] In display apparatuses having the bottom emission structure, research for enhancing light extraction efficiency by using a structure of layers provided under a light emitting device is being done. SUMMARY

[0005] Accordingly, the present disclosure is directed to providing a display apparatus that substantially obviates one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.

[0006] An aspect of the present disclosure is directed to providing a display apparatus in which an aperture ratio and light extraction efficiency may be enhanced.

[0007] Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to providing a display apparatus which may prevent the occurrence of a light leakage defect.

[0008] Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to providing a display apparatus which may have high emission efficiency with low power.

[0009] Additional advantages and features of the disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the disclosure. The objectives and other advantages of the disclosure may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

[0010] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel that includes a first subpixel and a second subpixel disposed on a substrate, the first subpixel being adjacent to the second subpixel, and each of the first and second subpixels including a first electrode, an emission layer and a second electrode, a first insulation layer disposed between the emission layer and the substrate, the first insulation layer including a first concave portion disposed between a first emission area of the first subpixel and a second emission area of the second subpixel; and a second insulation layer disposed between the emission layer and the first insulation layer, the second insulation layer including a second concave portion disposed between the first emission area and the second emission area, in which the second electrode extends across the second concave portion of the second insulation layer, a portion of the second electrode is disposed in the second concave portion, and the portion of the second electrode is located closer to the substrate than both of the first electrode in the first subpixel and the first electrode in the second subpixel, or is located closer to the substrate than an upper surface of the first insulation layer.

[0011] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel that includes a color filter layer disposed in at least one of the first subpixel and the second subpixel, in which the first insulation layer includes an opening region exposing at least a portion of the color filter layer.

[0012] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel, in which the portion of the second electrode is configured to reflect light emitted from at least one of the first and second emissions areas in a direction toward the substrate.

[0013] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel, in which the second insulation layer has a second refractive index that is greater than a first refractive index of the first insulation layer.

[0014] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel in which a first thickness of the first insulation layer in an area overlapping with the first or second emission area is greater than a second thickness of the second insulation layer in an area overlapping with the first or second emission area.

[0015] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel in which the second insulation layer has a third thickness corresponding to a center of the second concave portion, and the third thickness is less than or equal to the second thickness.

[0016] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel in which the first insulation layer includes a first slope surface corresponding to the first concave portion, the second insulation layer includes a second slope surface corresponding to the second concave portion, and the first slope surface is steeper than the second slope surface.

[0017] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel in which the emission layer extends across both of the first and second subpixels, the emission layer includes a third slope surface corresponding to the second slope surface of the second insulation layer, the second electrode includes a fourth slope surface corresponding to the third slope surface of the emission layer, and an angle of the fourth slope surface of the second electrode corresponds to an angle of the second slope surface of the second insulation layer.

[0018] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel in which a lowermost portion of the second electrode between the first and second subpixels is disposed closer to the substrate than an upper surface of the first insulation layer.

[0019] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel in which the first insulation layer includes an opening region corresponding to the first concave portion, the opening region being a hole that extends through opposite sides of the first insulation layer.

[0020] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel that includes a bank disposed on an edge of the first electrode in the first subpixel and on an edge of the first electrode in the second subpixel.

[0021] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel in which both of the first and second insulation layers extend continuously across a non-emission area between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the first insulation layer includes a first flat surface overlapping with at least one of the first and second emission areas, and a second flat surface overlapping with the nonemission area between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, the second flat surface being disposed closer to the substrate than the first flat surface.

[0022] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel in which a cross section of the second electrode has a “V” shape or a “U” shape in a nonemission area between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

[0023] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel in which the emission layer extends across both of the first and second subpixels, an outer edge of the first electrode in the first subpixel facing towards the first and second concave portions directly contacts the emission layer, and an outer edge of the first electrode in the second subpixel facing towards the first and second concave portions directly contacts the emission layer.

[0024] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel in which a first slope surface of the first insulation layer has a slope which is greater than or equal to 70 degrees, and a second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[0025] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus that includes a first organic insulation layer disposed on a substrate, the first organic insulation layer including a first slope surface between a first subpixel and a second subpixel, a second organic insulation layer disposed on the first organic insulation layer, the second organic insulation layer including a second slope surface between the first subpixel and the second subpixel and at least partially overlapping with the first slope surface, and a plurality of light emitting devices respectively disposed in the first subpixel and the second subpixel, on the second organic insulation layer, in which the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than a slope of the first slope surface of the first organic insulation layer.

[0026] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the first organic insulation layer is thicker than the second organic insulation layer.

[0027] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the first organic insulation layer has a lower refractive index than the second organic insulation layer.

[0028] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the first slope surface of the first organic insulation layer has a slope which is greater than or equal to 70 degrees.

[0029] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[0030] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the first organic insulation layer includes an organic material having a viscosity which is higher than a viscosity of the second organic insulation layer.

[0031] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the first organic insulation layer includes an opening region between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the second organic insulation layer covers the opening region of the first organic insulation layer.

[0032] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which a thickness of the second organic insulation layer between the first subpixel and the second subpixel is thinner than a thickness of the second organic insulation layer in a region overlapping the first subpixel.

[0033] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the first organic insulation layer further includes a first flat surface in a region overlapping the first subpixel and a second flat surface disposed at a lower height than the first flat surface in a region between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the first slope surface connects the first flat surface to the second flat surface.

[0034] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus that includes a plurality of color filters respectively provided in the first subpixel and the second subpixel, between the substrate and the first organic insulation layer.

[0035] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the first organic insulation layer includes an opening region exposing at least a portion of each of the plurality of color filters, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the second organic insulation layer covers the at least a portion of each of the plurality of color filters exposed by the opening region, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

[0036] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the plurality of color filters at least partially overlap each other between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

[0037] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which each of the plurality of light emitting devices includes a first electrode on the second organic insulation layer, an emission layer on the first electrode, and a second electrode on the emission layer, in which the second electrode is a reflection electrode.

[0038] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the emission layer extends continuously across the first subpixel and the second subpixel and between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the emission layer contacts an entire region of the first electrode.

[0039] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus in which the second electrode extends continuously across the first subpixel and the second subpixel and between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the second electrode extends along the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

[0040] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a display apparatus that includes a bank disposed on the first electrode to cover an end of the first electrode.

[0041] According to the present disclosure, a slope surface may be provided in each of a first organic insulation layer and a second organic insulation layer, and thus, a slope surface may be formed in a second electrode. According to the present disclosure, light which is emitted from a light emitting device and travels to a lateral surface may be reflected by the slope surface of the second electrode to change a path of light to a forward direction, thereby enhancing light extraction efficiency.

[0042] Moreover, according to the present disclosure, a slope surface of the first organic insulation layer may have a high slope and may thus decrease a separation distance between subpixels. According to the present disclosure, an area of a nonemission region may be reduced, and an aperture ratio may be enhanced.

[0043] Moreover, according to the present disclosure, high emission efficiency may be realized with low power, and moreover, power consumption may decrease.

[0044] Moreover, according to the present disclosure, the slope surface of the second organic insulation layer may have a low slope and may thus solve a problem where the second electrode is not deposited on or is thinly formed at the slope surface of the second organic insulation layer. According to the present disclosure, a problem may be solved where water or oxygen penetrates into a light emitting device to degrade the light emitting device.

[0045] Moreover, according to the present disclosure, a total thickness of the first organic insulation layer and the second organic insulation layer may decrease and may thus prevent the occurrence of a light leakage phenomenon where light emitted from the light emitting device is leaked to an adjacent subpixel.

[0046] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present disclosure are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure as claimed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the disclosure. In the drawings:

[0048] FIG. lisa perspective view illustrating a display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating an example of a pixel included in a display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of a subpixel illustrated in FIG. 3;

[0052] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of a subpixel taken along line 1-1' illustrated in FIG. 3;

[0053] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a light path;

[0054] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of a subpixel taken along line 1-1' illustrated in FIG. 3;

[0055] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of an ashing process on a second organic insulation layer;

[0056] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of a subpixel taken along line 1-1' illustrated in FIG. 3; and

[0057] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of a subpixel taken along line 1-1' illustrated in FIG. 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0058] Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. Advantages and features of the present disclosure, and implementation methods thereof will be clarified through following embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present disclosure may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0059] A shape, a size, a ratio, an angle, and a number disclosed in the drawings for describing embodiments of the present disclosure are merely an example, and thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the illustrated details. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, when the detailed description of the relevant known function or configuration is determined to unnecessarily obscure the important point of the present disclosure, the detailed description will be omitted.

[0060] In a case where “comprise,” “have,” and “include” described in the present specification are used, another part may be added unless “only-” is used. The terms of a singular form may include plural forms unless referred to the contrary. In construing an element, the element is construed as including an error range although there is no explicit description. In describing a position relationship, for example, when a position relation between two parts is described as “on-,” “over-,” “under-,” and “next-,” one or more other parts may be disposed between the two parts unless “just” or “direct” is used. In describing a temporal relationship, for example, when the temporal order is described as “after,” “subsequent,” “next,” and “before,” a case which is not continuous may be included, unless “just” or “direct” is used. It will be understood that, although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0061] The term “at least one” should be understood as including any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. For example, the meaning of “at least one of a first item, a second item and a third item” denotes the combination of all items proposed from two or more of the first item, the second item and the third item as well as the first item, the second item or the third item.

[0062] Features of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be partially or overall coupled to or combined with each other and may be variously interoperated with each other and driven technically as those skilled in the art can sufficiently understand. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be carried out independently from each other or may be carried out together in co-dependent relationship. Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.

[0063] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0064] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of the display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating an example of a pixel included in the display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] The display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be described as being implemented as an organic light emitting display apparatus, but is not limited thereto and may be implemented as a liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatus, a quantum dot light emitting diode display apparatus, or an electrophoresis display apparatus.

[0066] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a display panel 110, a scan driver 120 embedded in the display panel 110, a data driver 130 connected to the display panel 110, a timing controller 160 controlling the scan driver 120 and the data driver 130, and a power circuit 180.

[0067] The display panel 110 may include a first substrate 111 and a second substrate 112. The second substrate 112 may be an encapsulation substrate. The first substrate 111 may include a plastic film or a glass substrate, but is not limited thereto. The first substrate 111 may include a semiconductor material such as a silicon wafer. The second substrate 112 may include a plastic film, a glass substrate, or an encapsulation film (a protection film).

[0068] The display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented as a bottom emission type where emitted light is downward irradiated. In this case, a material of the first substrate 111 may use a transparent material, and a material of the second substrate 112 may use an opaque material as well as a transparent material.

[0069] The display panel 110 may include a display area DA and a non-display area NDA which is disposed outside the display area DA to surround the display area DA. The display panel 110 may include a plurality of pixels P which are provided in the display area DA to display an image. Each of the pixels P may include two or more subpixels SP. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the pixel P may include a plurality of subpixels SP1 to SP3. The plurality of subpixels SP1 to SP3 may include a first subpixel SP1 emitting red light, a second subpixel SP2 emitting green light, and a third subpixel SP3 emitting blue light, but are not limited thereto. The plurality of subpixels SP1 to SP3 may further include a fourth subpixel emitting white light. Also, the arrangement order of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may be variously changed.

[0070] Data lines DI to Dn (where n may be a positive integer of 2 or more) and scan lines SI to Sm (where m may be a positive integer of 2 or more), which are connected to the subpixels SP1 to SP3, may be provided in the display panel 110. The data lines DI to Dn may be formed to intersect with the scan lines SI to Sm. Each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 of the display panel 110 may be connected to one of the data line DI to Dn and one of the scan lines SI to Sm. The data lines DI to Dn may supply voltages, supplied from the data driver 130, to the subpixels SP1 to SP3. The scan lines SI to Sm may supply a scan signal, supplied from the scan driver 120, to the subpixels SP1 to SP3.

[0071] Each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may be turned on by the scan signal, and when a data voltage of a data line is supplied to a gate electrode of a driving transistor, a light emitting device ED may emit light with a drain-source current of the driving transistor.

[0072] The scan driver 120 may be supplied with a scan control signal GCS from the timing controller 160. The scan driver 120 may supply scan signals or an emission control signal to the scan lines S1 to Sm by using the scan control signal GCS.

[0073] The scan driver 120 may be formed as a gate driver in panel (GIP) type in the non-display area NDA outside one side or both sides of the display area DA. Alternatively, the scan driver 120 may be manufactured as a driving chip and may be mounted on a flexible film, and moreover, may be attached on the non-display area NDA outside one side or both sides of the display area DA, based on a tape automated bonding (TAB) type.

[0074] The data driver 130 may be supplied with digital video data DATA and a data control signal DCS from the timing controller 160. The data driver 130 may convert the digital video data DATA into analog positive / negative data voltages by using the data control signal DCS and may supply the analog positive / negative data voltages to the data lines DI to Dn.

[0075] The data driver 130 may include a plurality of data drive integrated chips (ICs) 131 as in FIG. 1. Each of the plurality of data drive ICs 131 may be mounted on the circuit film 140, based on a chip on film (COF) type, a chip on plastic (COP) type, a flexible printed circuit (FPC) type, or a flexible flat cable (FFC) type. The circuit film 140 may be attached on pads provided in the non-display area NDA of the display panel 110 by using an anisotropic conductive film, and thus, the plurality of data drive ICs 131 may be connected to the pads.

[0076] A circuit board 150 may be attached on the circuit films 140. A plurality of circuits implemented as driving chips may be mounted on the circuit board 150. For example, the timing controller 160 may be mounted on the circuit board 150. The circuit board 150 may be a printed circuit board (PCB) or a flexible PCB (FPCB).

[0077] The timing controller 160 may be supplied with the digital video data DATA and timing signals from a host system. The timing signals may include a vertical synchronization signal, a horizontal synchronization signal, a data enable signal, and a dot clock. The vertical synchronization signal may be a signal which defines one frame period. The horizontal synchronization signal may be a signal which defines one horizontal period needed to supply data voltages to pixels of one horizontal line of the display panel 110. The data enable signal may be a signal which defines a period where valid data is input. The dot clock may be a signal which is repeated at a short period.

[0078] The timing controller 160 may generate the data control signal DCS for controlling an operation timing of the data driver 130 and the scan control signal GCS for controlling an operation timing of the scan driver 120, based on the timing signals. The timing controller 160 may output the scan control signal GCS to the scan driver 120 and may output the digital video data DATA and the data control signal DCS to the data driver 130.

[0079] The power circuit 180 may generate and supply a plurality of driving voltages needed for operations of all circuit elements of the display apparatus 100 by using an input voltage. The power circuit 180 may generate a first source voltage EVDD, a second source voltage EVSS, an initialization voltage (a reference voltage) Vref and may supply the generated voltages to the display panel 110. The lower circuit 180 may generate and supply various driving voltages needed for operations of the gate driver 120, the data driver 130, and the timing controller 160.

[0080] FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of a subpixel illustrated in FIG. 3.

[0081] Referring to FIGs. 3 and 4, each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may have a 2T(transistor)lC(capacitor) structure which includes two transistors DT and ST and one capacitor Cst, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may further include a compensation circuit CC. In this case, each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may have various structures such as 3T1C, 4T2C, 5T2C, 6T1C, 6T2C, 7T1C, and 7T2C.

[0082] Each of the transistors DT and ST of each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may include a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode. The source electrode and the drain electrode may not be fixed and may be changed based on a direction of each of a voltage and a current applied to the gate electrode, and thus, one of the source electrode and the drain electrode may be referred to as a first electrode and the other electrode may be referred to as a second electrode. The transistors DT and ST of each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may use at least one of a polysilicon semiconductor, an amorphous silicon semiconductor, and an oxide semiconductor. The transistors DT and ST may each be a P type, an N type, or a combination type of the P type and the N type.

[0083] The light emitting device ED may include an anode electrode connected to a driving transistor DT, a cathode electrode which is supplied with the second source voltage EVSS through a second power line PL2, and an emission layer between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode. The anode electrode may be an independent electrode for each light emitting device, and the cathode electrode may be a common electrode shared by all light emitting devices. When a driving current is supplied from the driving transistor DT to the light emitting device ED, an electron from the cathode electrode may be supplied to the emission layer, a hole from the anode electrode may be supplied to the emission layer, and the electron and the hole may be recombined in the emission layer to allow a fluorescent or phosphorous material to emit light, thereby emitting light having brightness proportional to a current value of the driving current.

[0084] In each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3, the driving transistor DT may be connected between the anode electrode of the light emitting device ED and a first power line PL1 which transfers the driving voltage EVDD. Here, the driving voltage EVDD may be applied to a first electrode of the driving transistor DT.

[0085] The driving transistor DT may be a transistor which drives the light emitting device ED and may be controlled by a voltage applied to the gate electrode, and thus, may supply a current to the light emitting device ED. Accordingly, the light emitting device ED may be driven.

[0086] In each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3, a switching transistor ST may be connected between a first node N1 of the driving transistor DT and a data line D. The switching transistor ST may be controlled by a scan signal Scan supplied through a scan line S to apply a data voltage Vdata, supplied through the data line D, to the first node N1.

[0087] In each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3, the capacitor Cst may be connected to the first node N1 and may be charged with a voltage applied to the first node Nl. The capacitor Cst may supply a charged driving voltage to the driving transistor DT. The capacitor Cst may be a storage capacitor.

[0088] The compensation circuit CC may be provided to compensate for a threshold voltage of the driving transistor DT. The compensation circuit CC may be configured with one or more transistors. The compensation circuit CC may include one or more transistors and a capacitor and may be variously configured according to a compensation method. A pixel including the compensation circuit CC may have various structures such as 3T1C, 4T2C, 5T2C, 6T1C, 6T2C, 7T1C, and 7T2C.

[0089] The display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may have a bottom emission structure where light emitted from the light emitting device ED is downward irradiated. In the display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a structure of layers provided under the light emitting device ED may be modified, and thus, the extraction efficiency of the light emitted from the light emitting device E may be enhanced. Hereinafter, a structure for enhancing light extraction efficiency will be described in more detail with reference to FIGs. 5 to 10.

[0090] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of a subpixel taken along line 1-1' illustrated in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a light path.

[0091] Referring to FIG. 5, a display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first substrate 111 and a second substrate 112, which face each other, and a circuit element layer 210, a color filter layer 220, an organic insulation layer 230, a light emitting device layer 240, and an encapsulation layer 250 each provided between the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112.

[0092] In the circuit element layer 210, a circuit element including various signal lines, a thin film transistor (TFT), and a capacitor may be provided for each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3. The signal lines may include scan lines, data lines, and power lines, and the TFT may include a switching transistor and a driving transistor. Also, the circuit element layer 210 may further include a plurality of insulation layers which are stacked on the first substrate 111.

[0093] The color filter layer 220 may be provided on the circuit element layer 210. The color filter layer 220 may be patterned and formed for each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3. In detail, the color filter layer 220 may include a first color filter CF1, a second color filter CF2, and a third color filter CF (not shown). The first color filter CF1 may be disposed to correspond to an emission region EA1 of the first subpixel SP1, and for example, may be a red color filter which transmits red light. The second color filter CF2 may be disposed to correspond to an emission region EA2 of the second subpixel SP2, and for example, may be a green color filter which transmits green light. The third color filter (not shown) may be disposed to correspond to an emission region (not shown) of the third subpixel SP3, and for example, may be a blue color filter which transmits blue light. When a pixel further includes a fourth subpixel, the color filter layer 220 may further include a fourth color filter (not shown). The fourth color filter (not shown) may be disposed to correspond to an emission region of the fourth subpixel, and for example, may be a white color filter which transmits white light. The white color filter may include a transparent organic material which transmits white light, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The white color filter may be omitted.

[0094] The first and second color filters CF1 and CF2 and the third color filter, as illustrated in FIG. 5, may at least partially overlap in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The first and second color filters CF 1 and CF2 and the third color filter may be disposed apart from one another in the region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3.

[0095] The organic insulation layer 230 may be provided on the color filter layer 220. The organic insulation layer 230 may include two organic insulation layers having different refractive indexes so as to enhance the extraction efficiency of light emitted from the light emitting device ED. The organic insulation layer 230 may include a first organic insulation layer OC1 and a second organic insulation layer OC2.

[0096] The first organic insulation layer OC1 may be provided on the color filter layer 220 and may have a first refractive index. The second organic insulation layer OC2 may be provided on the first organic insulation layer OC1 and may have a second refractive index. For example, the second refractive index may be greater than the first refractive index.

[0097] The second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a refractive index which is greater than that of the first organic insulation layer OC1, and thus, light emitted from the light emitting device ED may be refracted or reflected by an interface between the second organic insulation layer OC2 and the first organic insulation layer OC1, whereby a light path may be changed. The light extraction efficiency of the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be enhanced by a changed light path.

[0098] Moreover, the first organic insulation layer OC1 and the second organic insulation layer OC2 may each include a slope surface in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3. As used herein, a slope surface may be a surface, or a portion of a surface, which is sloped relative to the plane of the first substrate 111 and / or the second substrate 112 (e.g. sloped to and / or from a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 111 and / or the second substrate 112). The surface may be sloped at an angle, e.g. an angle relative to the plane of the first substrate 111 and / or the second substrate 112. A higher slope angle may indicate a steeper slope.

[0099] In detail, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may include a first flat surface Sil which is formed in a region overlapping each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 and a first concave portion CV1 which is concavely formed in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 to face the first substrate 111. The first concave portion CVI of the first organic insulation layer OC1, as illustrated in FIG. 5, may include an opening region OA which exposes at least a portion of each of the color filters CF1 and CF2. In this case, the first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may include a slope surface S12 (hereinafter referred to as a first slope surface) which is formed in at least one side of the opening region OA. The first slope surface S12 may have a first slope 91 which is high. In an embodiment, the first slope 91 may be 79 degrees or more.

[00100] The first slope surface S12 may have the first slope 91 which is high, and thus, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may have a first thickness TI which is relatively thick. As illustrated in Fig. 5, the thicknesses described herein may be measured in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 111 and / or the second substrate 112. The first organic insulation layer OC1 may include an organic material. The organic material may be changed in thickness and flatness, based on viscosity. The first organic insulation layer OC1 may include an organic material having a first viscosity which is high. For example, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may include photoacryl (PAC). Comparing with the second organic insulation layer OC2, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may have the first thickness T1 which is thick, and a surface of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may be uniformly planarized.

[00101] In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may have the first slope 01 (that is, a first slope angle or pitch) which is high, and thus, a separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may decrease.

[00102] The second organic insulation layer OC2 may include a first flat surface S21 which is formed in a region overlapping each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 and a second concave portion CV2 which is concavely formed in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 to face the first substrate 111. At least a portion of the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may overlap the first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1.

[00103] The second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, as illustrated in FIG. 5, may be formed to cover the color filters CF1 and CF2 exposed by the opening region OA of the first organic insulation layer OC1. In this case, the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may include a second flat surface S23 and a slope surface S22 (hereinafter referred to as a second slope surface) each provided at a height which is lower than the first flat surface S21. As used herein, the height may be measured in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 111 and / or the second substrate 112. The second slope surface S22 may be disposed in at least one side of the second flat surface S23 and may be a surface which connects the first flat surface S21 to the second flat surface S23. At least a portion of the second slope surface S22 may overlap the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC1. In FIG. 5, it is illustrated that the second flat surface S23 is formed at the second concave portion CV2, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, the second flat surface S23 may be omitted based on a separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 or the viscosity of an organic material of the second organic insulation layer OC2. Alternatively, in the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, the second flat surface S23 may not be a flat surface.

[00104] The second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a second slope 02 (that is, a second slope angle or pitch) which is lower (i e., shallower, or less steep) than that of the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC 1. In an embodiment, the second slope 02 may be 45 degrees or less.

[00105] The second slope surface S22 may have a low the second slope 02, and thus, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a second thickness T2 which is relatively thin. When the second thickness T2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 is thick, a horizontal distance of the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may increase so that the second slope 02 is formed to be 45 degrees or less. As the horizontal distance of the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 increases, the separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may increase. Accordingly, the display panel 110 may decrease in aperture ratio. In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second thickness T2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed to be thin, and thus, the second slope 02 of the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed to be 45 degrees or less and the separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may not increase.

[00106] The second organic insulation layer OC2 may include an organic material. The thickness and planarization characteristic of an organic material may be changed based on viscosity. The second organic insulation layer OC2 may include an organic material having a second viscosity which is low. For example, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may include polyimide (PI) or siloxane-group organic material. The second organic insulation layer OC2 may have the second thickness T2 which is thin compared to the first organic insulation layer OC1 and may allow planarization not to be implemented in the second concave portion CV2. Accordingly, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may sufficiently secure an area of the second slope surface S22 in the second concave portion CV2.

[00107] The second organic insulation layer OC2 (or the second concave portion CV2) may be formed to cover the color filters CF1 and CF2 exposed by the opening region OA of the first organic insulation layer OC1. Accordingly, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may prevent a gas outgassed from the color filters CF1 and CF2 from moving to the light emitting device ED.

[00108] The light emitting device layer 240 may be disposed on the organic insulation layer 230. The light emitting device layer 240 may include light emitting devices ED respectively included in the subpixels SP1 to SP3. Each of the light emitting devices ED may include a first electrode El, an emission layer EL, and a second electrode E2.

[00109] The first electrode El may be provided on the organic insulation layer 230. In detail, the first electrode El may be provided on the first flat surface S21 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, for each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3. Also, the first electrode El may be connected to the driving transistor DT (see FIG. 4). In detail, the first electrode El may be connected to one of a source electrode and a drain electrode of the driving transistor DT (see FIG. 4) through a contact hole which passes through at least a portion of each of the organic insulation layer 230 and a plurality of insulation layers included in the circuit element layer 210.

[00110] An edge of at least one side of the first electrode El may be the same as an edge of each of emission regions EA1 and EA2. In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a separate bank may not be formed on the first electrode El. Therefore, an entire region of the first electrode El may be formed to contact the emission layer EL, and light may be emitted from the emission layer EL. A bank may not be formed in an edge region of the first electrode El and the first electrode El may contact the emission layer EL, and thus, the edge of the at least one side of the first electrode El may be the same as the edge of each of emission regions EA1 and EA2. An edge, facing the second subpixel SP2, of a first electrode El included in the first subpixel SP1, as illustrated in FIG. 5, may be the same as an edge of a first emission region EA1, and an edge, facing the first subpixel SP1, of a first electrode El included in the second subpixel SP2 may be the same as an edge of a second emission region EA2. A non-emission region NEA may be between an end of the first electrode El included in the first subpixel SP1 and the first electrode El included in the second subpixel SP2. In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, because a separate bank is formed on the first electrode El, an area of the emission regions EA1 and EA2 may increase, and an aperture ratio may be enhanced.

[00111] The first electrode El may include a transparent conductive material (TCO) such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO) capable of transmitting light. The first electrode El may include a semi-transmissive conductive material such as magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), or an alloy of Mg and Ag and may have a thin thickness which enables the transmission of light. When the first electrode El includes a semi-transmissive conductive material, the light output efficiency of the first electrode El may be increased by a micro cavity. The first electrode El may be an anode electrode of the light emitting device ED.

[00112] The emission layer EL may be disposed on the first electrode El. The emission layer EL may include an emission material layer (EML) including an emission material. The emission material may include an organic material, inorganic material, or a hybrid material. The emission layer EL may have a multi-layer structure. For example, the emission layer EL may further include a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an electron transport layer (ETL), and an electron injection layer (EIL). In this case, when a voltage is applied to the first electrode El and the second electrode E2, a hole and an electron may move to the emission material layer through the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer and may be combined in the emission material layer to emit light.

[00113] In an embodiment, the emission layer EL may be a common layer which is formed in the subpixels SP1 to SP3 in common. In this case, the emission layer EL may be a white emission layer which emits white light. Also, the emission layer EL may be formed in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3, in addition to the subpixels SP1 to SP3. The emission layer EL may be continuously formed in the subpixels SP1 to SP3 and between the subpixels SP1 to SP3. The emission layer EL may be formed on the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, between the subpixels SP1 to SP3, and may be formed along the second slope surface S22. A slope surface ELS (hereinafter referred to as a third slope surface) which at least partially overlaps the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed in the emission layer EL.

[00114] In another embodiment, the emission layer EL may be formed for each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3. For example, a red emission layer emitting red light may be formed in the first subpixel SP1, a green emission layer emitting green light may be formed in the second subpixel SP2, and a blue emission layer emitting blue light may be formed in the third subpixel SP3.

[00115] The second electrode E2 may be disposed on the emission layer EL. The second electrode E2 may be a common layer which is formed in the subpixels SP1 to SP3 in common. The second electrode E2 may be formed in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3, in addition to the subpixels SP1 to SP3. The second electrode E2 may be continuously formed in the subpixels SP1 to SP3 and between the subpixels SP1 to SP3. The second electrode E2 may be formed on the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, between the subpixels SP1 to SP3, and may be formed along the second slope surface S22. In a case where the emission layer EL is provided as a common layer, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the second electrode E2 may be formed on a third slope surface ELS of the emission layer EL along the third slope surface ELS. A slope surface ES (hereinafter referred to as a fourth slope surface) which at least partially overlaps the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed in the second electrode E2.

[00116] The second electrode E2 may include a conductive material having a high reflectance. The second electrode E2 may include metal such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), titanium (Ti), or a silver-palladium-copper (APC) alloy. The second electrode E2 may be a cathode electrode.

[00117] The display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1 and the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, and thus, the fourth slope surface ES may be formed in the second electrode E2. In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as illustrated in FIG. 6, when light L emitted from the light emitting device ED moves to a lateral surface, the light L may be reflected by the fourth slope surface ES (or the third slope surface ELS) included in the second electrode E2 (or in the emission layer EL), and thus, a path of the light L may be changed to a forward direction. Here, the forward direction may represent a direction toward the first substrate 111. Accordingly, the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may enhance light extraction efficiency and may prevent the occurrence of color mixture between adjacent subpixels SP1 to SP3.

[00118] The encapsulation layer 250 may be disposed on the light emitting device layer 240. The encapsulation layer 250 may prevent the light emitting devices ED from being damaged by external water and impact. The encapsulation layer 250 may have a multi-layer structure. For example, the encapsulation layer 250 may include at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer.

[00119] In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a refractive index which is greater than that of the first organic insulation layer OC1, and thus, light emitted from the light emitting device ED may be refracted or reflected by an interface between the second organic insulation layer OC2 and the first organic insulation layer OC1, whereby a light path may be changed. The light extraction efficiency of the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be enhanced by a changed light path.

[00120] Moreover, in the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer OCI may have the first thickness T1 which is thick, and thus, step heights occurring in the circuit element layer 210 and the color filter layer 220 may be planarized.

[00121] Moreover, in the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may include the first concave portion CV1 including the first slope surface S12 in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3. Accordingly, in the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the slope surfaces S22, ELS, and ES may be respectively formed in the second organic insulation layer OC2, the emission layer EL, and the second electrode E2, which are sequentially stacked on the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC1.

[00122] Particularly, in the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second electrode E2 which is a reflection electrode (also referred to as a reflective electrode) may include the slope surface ES which is inclined toward the first substrate 111 and is provided in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3, thereby enhancing light extraction efficiency. As used herein, a reflective electrode has a reflective surface and is configured to reflect light emitted from the emission layer EL. In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the light L which is emitted from the light emitting device ED and moves to a lateral surface may be reflected by the slope surface ES of the second electrode E2, and thus, a path of the light L may be changed to a forward direction. Therefore, the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may enhance light extraction efficiency and may prevent the occurrence of color mixture between adjacent subpixels SP1 to SP3.

[00123] Moreover, in the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness T1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may be formed to be thick, and thus, a depth (or a vertical distance) of the first concave portion CV1 may be formed to be deep. Accordingly, an area of the first slope surface S12 of the first concave portion CV1 may increase. In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an area of each of the slope surfaces S22, ELS, and ES of the second organic insulation layer OC2, the emission layer EL, and the second electrode E2 sequentially stacked on the first slope surface S12 of the first concave portion CV1 may increase. As a result, in the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the slope surface ES of the second electrode E2 may have a wide area, and thus, an area enabling light to be incident may increase, thereby increasing light extraction efficiency. The display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may have high light extraction efficiency with low power, and moreover, may decrease power consumption.

[00124] Moreover, in the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may have the first slope 01 which is high, and thus, a separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may decrease. In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an area of the non-emission region NEA may be reduced, and an aperture ratio may be enhanced.

[00125] Moreover, in the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may have the second slope 02 which is lower than the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC1. The emission layer EL and the second electrode E2 may be formed on the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2. The emission layer EL may include an organic material and may be formed to have a uniform thickness on the second organic insulation layer OC2. That is, a large difference between a thickness of the emission layer EL on the first flat surface S21 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 and a thickness of the emission layer EL on the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may not occur.

[00126] On the other hand, the second electrode E2 may include a reflective metal material, and a step coverage may not be good. A thickness of the second electrode E2 on the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed to be thinner than a thickness of the second electrode E2 on the first flat surface S21 of the second organic insulation layer OC2.

[00127] As a slope of the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 increases, a thickness of the second electrode E2 deposited on the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed to be thin. In the second electrode E2, as a thickness is thinned on the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, a region where the second electrode E2 is not deposited may occur, or a crack may occur. In this case, the second electrode E2 may not completely cover the emission layer EL, and due to this, water or oxygen may penetrate into the emission layer EL, causing a degradation in the light emitting device ED.

[00128] In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may have the second slope 02 which is low, and thus, the second electrode E2 may be deposited on the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 to have a certain thickness or more. In the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second electrode E2 may not be deposited or may be thinly formed on the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, and thus, may prevent the light emitting device ED from being degraded.

[00129] Furthermore, in the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness T2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed to be thin, and thus, even when the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 has the second slope 02 which is low, the separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may not increase. Also, in the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a total thickness of the first organic insulation layer OC1 and the second organic insulation layer OC2 may decrease and may thus prevent the occurrence of a light leakage phenomenon where light emitted from the light emitting device ED is leaked to adjacent subpixels SP1 to SP3.

[00130] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of a subpixel taken along line 1-1' illustrated in FIG. 3, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of an ashing process on a second organic insulation layer.

[00131] Except for only an organic insulation layer OC, the other elements of a display panel 110 illustrated in FIG. 7 may be substantially the same as the display panel 110 illustrated in FIG. 5, and thus, their detailed descriptions are omitted.

[00132] Referring to FIG. 7, a display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first substrate 111 and a second substrate 112, which face each other, and a circuit element layer 210, a color filter layer 220, an organic insulation layer 230, a light emitting device layer 240, and an encapsulation layer 250 each provided between the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112.

[00133] The organic insulation layer 230 may be provided on the color filter layer 220. The organic insulation layer 230 may include two organic insulation layers having different refractive indexes so as to enhance the extraction efficiency of light emitted from the light emitting device ED. The organic insulation layer 230 may include a first organic insulation layer OC1 and a second organic insulation layer OC2.

[00134] The first organic insulation layer OC1 may be provided on the color filter layer 220 and may have a first refractive index. The second organic insulation layer OC2 may be provided on the first organic insulation layer OC 1 and may have a second refractive index. For example, the second refractive index may be greater than the first refractive index.

[00135] The second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a refractive index which is greater than that of the first organic insulation layer OC1, and thus, light emitted from the light emitting device ED may be refracted or reflected by an interface between the second organic insulation layer OC2 and the first organic insulation layer OC1, whereby a light path may be changed. The light extraction efficiency of the display panel 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be enhanced by a changed light path.

[00136] Moreover, the first organic insulation layer OC 1 and the second organic insulation layer OC2 may each include a slope surface in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3.

[00137] In detail, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may include a first flat surface SI 1 which is formed in a region overlapping each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 and a first concave portion CV1 which is concavely formed in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 to face the first substrate 111. The first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1, as illustrated in FIG. 7, may include an opening region OA which exposes at least a portion of each of the color filters CF1 and CF2 In this case, the first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may include a first slope surface S12 which is formed in at least one side of the opening region OA. The first slope surface S12 may have a first slope 61 which is high. In an embodiment, the first slope 01 may be 70 degrees or more.

[00138] The first slope surface S12 may have the first slope 01 which is high, and thus, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may have a first thickness T1 which is relatively thick. The first organic insulation layer OC1 may include an organic material. The organic material may be changed in thickness and flatness, based on viscosity. The first organic insulation layer OC1 may include an organic material having a first viscosity which is high. For example, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may include photoacryl (PAC). Comparing with the second organic insulation layer OC2, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may have the first thickness T1 which is thick, and a surface of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may be uniformly planarized.

[00139] In the display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may have the first slope 91 which is high, and thus, a separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may decrease.

[00140] The second organic insulation layer OC2 may include a first flat surface S21 which is formed in a region overlapping each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 and a second concave portion CV2 which is concavely formed in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 to face the first substrate 111. At least a portion of the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may overlap the first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1.

[00141] The second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, as illustrated in FIG. 7, may be formed to cover the color filters CF1 and CF2 exposed by the opening region OA of the first organic insulation layer OC1. In this case, the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may include a second flat surface S23 and a second slope surface S22 each provided at a height which is lower than the first flat surface S21. The second slope surface S22 may be disposed in at least one side of the second flat surface S23 and may be a surface which connects the first flat surface S21 to the second flat surface S23. At least a portion of the second slope surface S22 may overlap the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC1. In FIG. 7, it is illustrated that the second flat surface S23 is formed at the second concave portion CV2, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, the second flat surface S23 may be omitted based on a separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 or the viscosity of an organic material of the second organic insulation layer OC2. Alternatively, in the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, the second flat surface S23 may not be a flat surface.

[00142] The second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a second slope 92 which is lower than the first slope surface S12 of the second organic insulation layer OC1. In an embodiment, the second slope 92 may be 45 degrees or less.

[00143] The second slope surface S22 may have a low the second slope 92, and thus, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a second thickness T2 which is relatively thin. When the second thickness T2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 is thick, a horizontal distance of the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may increase so that the second slope 92 is formed to be 45 degrees or less. As the horizontal distance of the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 increases, the separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may increase. Accordingly, the display panel 110 may decrease in aperture ratio. In the display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the second thickness T2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed to be thin, and thus, the second slope 92 of the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed to be 45 degrees or less and the separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may not increase.

[00144] The second organic insulation layer OC2 may include an organic material. The thickness and planarization characteristic of an organic material may be changed based on viscosity. The second organic insulation layer OC2 may include an organic material having a second viscosity which is low. For example, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may include polyimide (PI) or siloxane-group organic material. The second organic insulation layer OC2 may have the second thickness T2 which is thin compared to the first organic insulation layer OC1 and may allow planarization not to be implemented in the second concave portion CV2. Accordingly, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may sufficiently secure an area of the second slope surface S22 in the second concave portion CV2.

[00145] Furthermore, in the second organic insulation layer OC2 illustrated in FIG. 7, a third thickness T3 at the third flat surface S23 or a point at which second slope surfaces S22 provided to face each other contact each other may be less than the second thickness T2 at the first flat surface S21.

[00146] In detail, in the second organic insulation layer OC2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in FIG. 5, the first flat surface S21, the second slope surface S22, and the third flat surface S23 may be simultaneously formed. In the second organic insulation layer OC2, the second thickness T2 at the first flat surface S21 may be the same as the third thickness T3 at the third flat surface S23 or a point at which second slope surfaces S22 provided to face each other contact each other, or a difference therebetween may occur within a small range.

[00147] On the other hand, in the second organic insulation layer OC2 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in FIG. 7, the first flat surface S21, the second slope surface S22, and the third flat surface S23 may not be simultaneously formed. First, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed to have the second thickness T2 on the first flat surface SI 1 and the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC1. Subsequently, as illustrated in FIG. 8, a photoresist pattern PR may be formed on the first flat surface S21 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, and an ashing process may be performed by using a gas such as NF3 or O2. A portion of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be removed in a region (i.e., a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3) which is not covered by the photoresist pattern PR, based on the ashing process, and thus, a thickness of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be reduced, whereby the second slope surface S22 and the third flat surface S23 may be formed. Accordingly, in the second organic insulation layer OC2, the third thickness T3 at the third flat surface S23 or a point at which second slope surfaces S22 provided to face each other contact each other may be less than the second thickness T2 at the first flat surface S21. In this case, the third thickness T3 at the third flat surface S23 or a point at which second slope surfaces S22 provided to face each other contact each other may have a minimum thickness which enables the color filters CF1 and CF2 to be covered.

[00148] In the display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a maximum depth (or a vertical distance) through the ashing process, and thus, the second slope surface S22 of the second concave portion CV2 may have a maximum area. Accordingly, in the display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the slope surface ES of the second electrode E2 may have a maximum area, and light extraction efficiency may be maximized.

[00149] The second organic insulation layer OC2 (or the second concave portion CV2) may be formed to cover the color filters CF1 and CF2 exposed by the opening region OA of the first organic insulation layer OC1. Accordingly, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may prevent a gas outgassed from the color filters CF1 and CF2 from moving to the light emitting device ED.

[00150] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of a subpixel taken along line 1-1' illustrated in FIG. 3.

[00151] Except for that a display panel 110 illustrated in FIG. 9 further includes a bank BN, the other elements of the display panel 110 illustrated in FIG. 9 may be substantially the same as the display panel 110 illustrated in FIG. 5, and thus, their detailed descriptions are omitted.

[00152] Referring to FIG. 9, a display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first substrate 111 and a second substrate 112, which face each other, and a circuit element layer 210, a color filter layer 220, an organic insulation layer 230, a light emitting device layer 240, and an encapsulation layer 250 each provided between the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112.

[00153] The light emitting device layer 240 may be disposed on the organic insulation layer 230. The light emitting device layer 240 may include a bank BN and light emitting devices ED respectively included in the subpixels SP1 to SP3. Each of the light emitting devices ED may include a first electrode El, an emission layer EL, and a second electrode E2.

[00154] The bank BN may cover an edge of the first electrode El included in each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3. The bank BN may not overlap a first concave portion CV1 of a first organic insulation layer OC1 and a second concave portion CV2 of a second organic insulation layer OC2. Banks BN may not be connected to each other in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3. For example, a bank BN formed to cover an edge of a first electrode El of the first subpixel SP1 may be disposed apart from a bank BN, formed to cover an edge of a first electrode El of the second subpixel SP2, with the first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1 and the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 therebetween. The bank BN may include an opening portion through which the first electrode El is exposed and may define a first emission region EA1 and a second emission region EA2. A region where the bank BN is provided may be included in a non-emission region NEA.

[00155] The emission layer EL of the light emitting device ED may be continuously formed between subpixels SP1 to SP3 and subpixels SP1 to SP3. The emission layer EL may be formed on the first electrode El exposed by the opening portion of the bank BN, in each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3. Also, the emission layer EL may be formed on the bank BN and the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, between the subpixels SP1 to SP3. In this case, the emission layer EL may be formed along one side of the bank BN and the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, and a third slope surface ELS may be formed in the emission layer EL.

[00156] The second electrode E2 of the light emitting device ED may be formed in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3, in addition to the subpixels SP1 to SP3. The second electrode E2 may be continuously formed in the subpixels SP1 to SP3 and between the subpixels SP1 to SP3. The second electrode E2 may be formed on the first electrode El exposed by an opening portion of the bank BN in each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3. Also, the second electrode E2 may be formed on the bank BN and the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, between the subpixels SP1 to SP3. In this case, the second electrode E2 may be formed along one side of the bank BN and the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, and a fourth slope surface ES may be formed in the second electrode E2.

[00157] In the display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the second electrode E2 may be formed along one side of the bank BN as well as the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, and thus, an area of the fourth slope surface ES may increase. In the display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, an area of the fourth slope surface ES of the second electrode E2 may increase, and thus, an area enabling light to be incident may increase, thereby increasing light extraction efficiency.

[00158] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of a subpixel taken along line 1-1' illustrated in FIG. 3.

[00159] Except for only an organic insulation layer OC, the other elements of a display panel 110 illustrated in FIG. 10 may be substantially the same as the display panel 110 illustrated in FIG. 5, and thus, their detailed descriptions are omitted.

[00160] Referring to FIG. 10, a display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first substrate 111 and a second substrate 112, which face each other, and a circuit element layer 210, a color filter layer 220, an organic insulation layer 230, a light emitting device layer 240, and an encapsulation layer 250 each provided between the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112.

[00161] The organic insulation layer 230 may be provided on the color filter layer 220. The organic insulation layer 230 may include two organic insulation layers having different refractive indexes so as to enhance the extraction efficiency of light emitted from the light emitting device ED. The organic insulation layer 230 may include a first organic insulation layer OC1 and a second organic insulation layer OC2.

[00162] The first organic insulation layer OC1 may be provided on the color filter layer 220 and may have a first refractive index. The second organic insulation layer OC2 may be provided on the first organic insulation layer OC1 and may have a second refractive index. For example, the second refractive index may be greater than the first refractive index.

[00163] The second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a refractive index which is greater than that of the first organic insulation layer OC1, and thus, light emitted from the light emitting device ED may be refracted or reflected by an interface between the second organic insulation layer OC2 and the first organic insulation layer OC1, whereby a light path may be changed. The light extraction efficiency of the display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may be enhanced by a changed light path.

[00164] Moreover, the first organic insulation layer OC1 and the second organic insulation layer OC2 may each include a slope surface in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3.

[00165] In detail, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may include a first flat surface SI 1 which is formed in a region overlapping each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 and a first concave portion CV1 which is concavely formed in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 to face the first substrate 111. The first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1, as illustrated in FIG. 10, may be formed to cover the color filters CF1 and CF2. The first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may include a second flat surface SI3 and a second slope surface S12 each provided at a height which is lower than the first flat surface SI 1. The first slope surface S12 may be disposed in at least one side of the second flat surface S13 and may be a surface which connects the first flat surface S11 to the second flat surface S13. In FIG. 10, it is illustrated that the second flat surface S13 is formed at the first concave portion CV1, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In the first concave portion CV 1 of the first organic insulation layer OC 1, the second flat surface S13 may be omitted based on a separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 or the viscosity of an organic material of the first organic insulation layer OC1. Alternatively, in the first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1, the second flat surface S13 may not be a flat surface.

[00166] The first slope surface S12 may have a first slope 91 which is high. In an embodiment, the first slope 91 may be 79 degrees or more.

[00167] The first slope surface S12 may have the first slope 91 which is high, and thus, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may have a first thickness T1 which is relatively thick. The first organic insulation layer OC1 may include an organic material. The organic material may be changed in thickness and flatness, based on viscosity. The first organic insulation layer OC1 may include an organic material having a first viscosity which is high. For example, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may include photoacryl (PAC). Comparing with the second organic insulation layer OC2, the first organic insulation layer OC1 may have the first thickness T1 which is thick, and a surface of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may be uniformly planarized.

[00168] In the display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC1 may have the first slope 01 which is high, and thus, a separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may decrease.

[00169] The second organic insulation layer OC2 may include a first flat surface S21 which is formed in a region overlapping each of the subpixels SP1 to SP3 and a second concave portion CV2 which is concavely formed in a region between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 to face the first substrate 111.

[00170] At least a portion of the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, as illustrated in FIG. 10, may overlap the first concave portion CV1 of the first organic insulation layer OC1. The second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may include a second flat surface S23 and a second slope surface S22 each provided at a height which is lower than the first flat surface S21. The second slope surface S22 may be disposed in at least one side of the second flat surface S23 and may be a surface which connects the first flat surface S21 to the second flat surface S23. At least a portion of the second slope surface S22 may overlap the first slope surface S12 of the first organic insulation layer OC1. In FIG. 10, itis illustrated that the second flat surface S23 is formed at the second concave portion CV2, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, the second flat surface S23 may be omitted based on a separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 or the viscosity of an organic material of the second organic insulation layer OC2. Alternatively, in the second concave portion CV2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2, the second flat surface S23 may not be a flat surface.

[00171] The second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a second slope 92 which is lower than the first slope surface S12 of the second organic insulation layer OC1. In an embodiment, the second slope 92 may be 45 degrees or less.

[00172] The second slope surface S22 may have a low the second slope 92, and thus, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may have a second thickness T2 which is relatively thin. When the second thickness T2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 is thick, a horizontal distance of the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may increase so that the second slope 92 is formed to be 45 degrees or less. As the horizontal distance of the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 increases, the separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may increase. Accordingly, the display panel 110 may decrease in aperture ratio. In the display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the second thickness T2 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed to be thin, and thus, the second slope 92 of the second slope surface S22 of the second organic insulation layer OC2 may be formed to be 45 degrees or less and the separation distance between the subpixels SP1 to SP3 may not increase.

[00173] The second organic insulation layer OC2 may include an organic material. The thickness and planarization characteristic of an organic material may be changed based on viscosity. The second organic insulation layer OC2 may include an organic material having a second viscosity which is low. For example, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may include polyimide (PI) or siloxane-group organic material. The second organic insulation layer OC2 may have the second thickness T2 which is thin compared to the first organic insulation layer OC1 and may allow planarization not to be implemented in the second concave portion CV2. Accordingly, the second organic insulation layer OC2 may sufficiently secure an area of the second slope surface S22 in the second concave portion CV2.

[00174] In the display panel 110 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer OC1 having a good planarization characteristic may be formed to cover the color filters CF1 and CF2. Accordingly, the second organic insulation layer OC2 which is not relatively good in planarization characteristic may not completely cover the color filters CF1 and CF2, thereby preventing a gas caused by outgassing from moving to the light emitting device ED.

[00175] A display apparatus including the same according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are described below.

[00176] A display apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may comprise a first organic insulation layer provided on a substrate, the first organic insulation layer including a first slope surface between a first subpixel and a second subpixel, a second organic insulation layer provided on the first organic insulation layer, the second organic insulation layer including a second slope surface provided between the first subpixel and the second subpixel to at least partially overlap the first slope surface, and a plurality of light emitting devices respectively provided in the first subpixel and the second subpixel, on the second organic insulation layer, the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than a slope of the first slope surface of the first organic insulation layer.

[00177] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer is thicker in thickness than the second organic insulation layer.

[00178] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer is lower in refractive index than the second organic insulation layer.

[00179] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first slope surface of the first organic insulation layer has a slope which is greater than or equal to 70 degrees.

[00180] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[00181] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer comprises an organic material having viscosity which is higher than a viscosity of the second organic insulation layer.

[00182] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer comprises an opening region formed between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the second organic insulation layer is formed to cover the opening region of the first organic insulation layer.

[00183] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a thickness of the second organic insulation layer between the first subpixel and the second subpixel is thinner than a thickness of the second organic insulation layer in a region overlapping the first subpixel.

[00184] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer further comprises a first flat surface provided in a region overlapping the first subpixel and a second flat surface provided at a lower height than the first flat surface in a region between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the first slope surface connects the first flat surface to the second flat surface.

[00185] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the display apparatus may further comprise a plurality of color filters respectively provided in the first subpixel and the second subpixel, between the substrate and the first organic insulation layer.

[00186] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer comprises an opening region exposing at least a portion of each of the plurality of color filters, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the second organic insulation layer is formed to cover the exposed at least a portion of each of the plurality of color filters, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

[00187] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of color filters at least partially overlap each other between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

[00188] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of light emitting devices may comprises a first electrode patterned and provided on the second organic insulation layer, an emission layer provided on the first electrode, and a second electrode provided on the emission layer, the second electrode is a reflection electrode.

[00189] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the emission layer is continuously formed in the first subpixel and the second subpixel and between the first subpixel and the second subpixel and is formed to contact an entire region of the first electrode.

[00190] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the second electrode is continuously formed in the first subpixel and the second subpixel and between the first subpixel and the second subpixel and is formed along the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer, between the first subpixel and the second sub pixel.

[00191] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the display apparatus may further comprise a bank formed on the first electrode to cover an end of the first electrode.

[00192] A display apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may comprise a plurality of light emitting devices disposed apart from one another on a substrate, a first organic insulation layer disposed between the substrate and the plurality of light emitting devices, the first organic insulation layer including a first concave portion formed in a region between the plurality of light emitting devices, and a second organic insulation layer disposed between the first organic insulation layer and the plurality of light emitting devices, the second organic insulation layer including a second concave portion formed in a region between the plurality of light emitting devices, at least a portion of the first concave portion overlaps the second concave portion.

[00193] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer is thicker in thickness than the second organic insulation layer.

[00194] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer is lower in refractive index than the second organic insulation layer.

[00195] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first concave portion of the first organic insulation layer comprises a first slope surface having a first slope, and the second concave portion of the second organic insulation layer comprises a second slope surface having a second slope which is less than the first slope.

[00196] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the display apparatus may further comprise a plurality of color filters provided between the substrate and the first organic insulation layer.

[00197] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first concave portion of the first organic insulation layer comprises an opening region exposing at least a portion of each of the plurality of color filters, and the second concave portion of the second organic insulation layer is formed to cover the exposed at least a portion of each of the plurality of color filters.

[00198] A display panel including the same according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are described below.

[00199] A display panel according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may comprise a first subpixel and a second subpixel disposed on a substrate, the first subpixel being adjacent to the second subpixel, and each of the first and second subpixels including a first electrode, an emission layer and a second electrode, a first insulation layer disposed between the emission layer and the substrate, the first insulation layer including a first concave portion disposed between a first emission area of the first subpixel and a second emission area of the second subpixel, and a second insulation layer disposed between the emission layer and the first insulation layer, the second insulation layer including a second concave portion disposed between the first emission area and the second emission area, the second electrode extends across the second concave portion of the second insulation layer, a portion of the second electrode is disposed in the second concave portion, and the portion of the second electrode is located closer to the substrate than both of the first electrode in the first subpixel and the first electrode in the second subpixel, or is located closer to the substrate than an upper surface of the first insulation layer.

[00200] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the display panel may further comprise a color filter layer disposed in at least one of the first subpixel and the second subpixel, the first insulation layer includes an opening region exposing at least a portion of the color filter layer.

[00201] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the portion of the second electrode is configured to reflect light emitted from at least one of the first and second emissions areas in a direction toward the substrate.

[00202] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the second insulation layer has a second refractive index that is greater than a first refractive index of the first insulation layer.

[00203] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a first thickness of the first insulation layer in an area overlapping with the first or second emission area is greater than a second thickness of the second insulation layer in an area overlapping with the first or second emission area.

[00204] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the second insulation layer has a third thickness corresponding to a center of the second concave portion, and the third thickness is less than or equal to the second thickness.

[00205] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first insulation layer includes a first slope surface corresponding to the first concave portion, the second insulation layer includes a second slope surface corresponding to the second concave portion, and the first slope surface is steeper than the second slope surface.

[00206] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the emission layer extends across both of the first and second subpixels, the emission layer includes a third slope surface corresponding to the second slope surface of the second insulation layer, the second electrode includes a fourth slope surface corresponding to the third slope surface of the emission layer, and an angle of the fourth slope surface of the second electrode corresponds to an angle of the second slope surface of the second insulation layer.

[00207] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a lowermost portion of the second electrode between the first and second subpixels is disposed closer to the substrate than an upper surface of the first insulation layer.

[00208] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first insulation layer includes an opening region corresponding to the first concave portion, the opening region being a hole that extends through opposite sides of the first insulation layer.

[00209] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the display panel may further comprise a bank disposed on an edge of the first electrode in the first subpixel and on an edge of the first electrode in the second subpixel.

[00210] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, both of the first and second insulation layers extend continuously across a non-emission area between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the first insulation layer includes a first flat surface overlapping with at least one of the first and second emission areas, and a second flat surface overlapping with the non-emission area between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, the second flat surface being disposed closer to the substrate than the first flat surface.

[00211] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a cross section of the second electrode has a “V” shape or a “U” shape in a non-emission area between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

[00212] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the emission layer extends across both of the first and second subpixels, an outer edge of the first electrode in the first subpixel facing towards the first and second concave portions directly contacts the emission layer, and an outer edge of the first electrode in the second subpixel facing towards the first and second concave portions directly contacts the emission layer.

[00213] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a first slope surface of the first insulation layer has a slope which is greater than or equal to 70 degrees, and a second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[00214] A display apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may comprise a first organic insulation layer disposed on a substrate, the first organic insulation layer including a first slope surface between a first subpixel and a second subpixel, a second organic insulation layer disposed on the first organic insulation layer, the second organic insulation layer including a second slope surface between the first subpixel and the second subpixel and at least partially overlapping with the first slope surface, and a plurality of light emitting devices respectively disposed in the first subpixel and the second subpixel, on the second organic insulation layer, the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than a slope of the first slope surface of the first organic insulation layer.

[00215] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer is thicker than the second organic insulation layer.

[00216] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer has a lower refractive index than the second organic insulation layer.

[00217] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first slope surface of the first organic insulation layer has a slope which is greater than or equal to 70 degrees.

[00218] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[00219] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer includes an organic material having a viscosity which is higher than a viscosity of the second organic insulation layer.

[00220] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer includes an opening region between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the second organic insulation layer covers the opening region of the first organic insulation layer.

[00221] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a thickness of the second organic insulation layer between the first subpixel and the second subpixel is thinner than a thickness of the second organic insulation layer in a region overlapping the first subpixel.

[00222] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer further includes a first flat surface in a region overlapping the first subpixel and a second flat surface disposed at a lower height than the first flat surface in a region between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the first slope surface connects the first flat surface to the second flat surface.

[00223] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the display apparatus may further comprise a plurality of color filters respectively provided in the first subpixel and the second subpixel, between the substrate and the first organic insulation layer.

[00224] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic insulation layer includes an opening region exposing at least a portion of each of the plurality of color filters, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the second organic insulation layer covers the at least a portion of each of the plurality of color filters exposed by the opening region, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

[00225] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of color filters at least partially overlap each other between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

[00226] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of light emitting devices includes a first electrode on the second organic insulation layer, an emission layer on the first electrode, and a second electrode on the emission layer, the second electrode is a reflection electrode.

[00227] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the emission layer extends continuously across the first subpixel and the second subpixel and between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the emission layer contacts an entire region of the first electrode.

[00228] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the second electrode extends continuously across the first subpixel and the second subpixel and between the first sub pixel and the second subpixel, and the second electrode extends along the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

[00229] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the display apparatus may further comprise a bank disposed on the first electrode to cover an end of the first electrode.

[00230] The above-described feature, structure, and effect of the present disclosure are included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, but are not limited to only one embodiment. Furthermore, the feature, structure, and effect described in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented through combination or modification of other embodiments by those skilled in the art. Therefore, content associated with the combination and modification should be construed as being within the scope of the present disclosure.

[00231] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present disclosure without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosures. Thus, it is intended that the present disclosure covers the modifications and variations of this disclosure provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A display panel, comprising:a first subpixel and a second subpixel disposed on a substrate, the first subpixel being adjacent to the second subpixel, and each of the first and second subpixels including a first electrode, an emission layer and a second electrode;a first insulation layer disposed between the emission layer and the substrate, the first insulation layer including a first concave portion disposed between a first emission area of the first subpixel and a second emission area of the second subpixel; anda second insulation layer disposed between the emission layer and the first insulation layer, the second insulation layer including a second concave portion disposed between the first emission area and the second emission area,wherein the second electrode extends across the second concave portion of the second insulation layer,wherein a portion of the second electrode is disposed in the second concave portion, andwherein the portion of the second electrode is located closer to the substrate than both of the first electrode in the first subpixel and the first electrode in the second subpixel, or is located closer to the substrate than an upper surface of the first insulation layer.

2. The display panel of claim 1, further comprising:a color filter layer disposed in at least one of the first subpixel and the second subpixel,wherein the first insulation layer includes an opening region exposing at least a portion of the color filter layer.

3. The display panel of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the portion of the second electrode is configured to reflect light emitted from at least one of the first and second emissions areas in a direction toward the substrate.

4. The display panel of any preceding claim, wherein the second insulation layer has a second refractive index that is greater than a first refractive index of the first insulation layer.

5. The display panel of any preceding claim, wherein a first thickness of the first insulation layer in an area overlapping with the first or second emission area is greater than a second thickness of the second insulation layer in an area overlapping with the first or second emission area, optionally:wherein the second insulation layer has a third thickness corresponding to a center of the second concave portion, andthe third thickness is less than or equal to the second thickness.

6. The display panel of any preceding claim, wherein the first insulation layer includes a first slope surface corresponding to the first concave portion,wherein the second insulation layer includes a second slope surface corresponding to the second concave portion, andwherein the first slope surface is steeper than the second slope surface, optionally:wherein the emission layer extends across both of the first and second subpixels,wherein the emission layer includes a third slope surface corresponding to the second slope surface of the second insulation layer,wherein the second electrode includes a fourth slope surface corresponding to the third slope surface of the emission layer, andwherein an angle of the fourth slope surface of the second electrode corresponds to an angle of the second slope surface of the second insulation layer.

7. The display panel of any preceding claim, wherein a lowermost portion of the second electrode between the first and second subpixels is disposed closer to the substrate than an upper surface of the first insulation layer.

8. The display panel of any preceding claim, wherein the first insulation layer includes an opening region corresponding to the first concave portion, the opening region being a hole that extends through opposite sides of the first insulation layer.

9. The display panel of any preceding claim, further comprising:a bank disposed on an edge of the first electrode in the first subpixel and on an edge of the first electrode in the second subpixel.

10. The display panel of any preceding claim, wherein both of the first and second insulation layers extend continuously across a non-emission area between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, andwherein the first insulation layer includes a first flat surface overlapping with at least one of the first and second emission areas, and a second flat surface overlapping with the non-emission area between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, the second flat surface being disposed closer to the substrate than the first flat surface.

11. The display panel of any preceding claim, wherein a cross section of the second electrode has a “V” shape or a “U” shape in a non-emission area between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

12. The display panel of any preceding claim, wherein the emission layer extends across both of the first and second subpixels,wherein an outer edge of the first electrode in the first subpixel facing towards the first and second concave portions directly contacts the emission layer, andwherein an outer edge of the first electrode in the second subpixel facing towards the first and second concave portions directly contacts the emission layer.

13. The display panel of any preceding claim, wherein a first slope surface of the first insulation layer has a slope which is greater than or equal to 70 degrees, andwherein a second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

14. A display apparatus comprising:a first organic insulation layer disposed on a substrate, the first organic insulation layer including a first slope surface between a first subpixel and a second subpixel;a second organic insulation layer disposed on the first organic insulation layer, the second organic insulation layer including a second slope surface between the first subpixel and the second subpixel and at least partially overlapping with the first slope surface; anda plurality of light emitting devices respectively disposed in the first subpixel and the second subpixel, on the second organic insulation layer,wherein the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than a slope of the first slope surface of the first organic insulation layer.

15. The display apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first organic insulation layer is thicker than the second organic insulation layer.

16. The display apparatus of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the first organic insulation layer has a lower refractive index than the second organic insulation layer, optionally:wherein the first slope surface of the first organic insulation layer has a slope which is greater than or equal to 70 degrees.

17. The display apparatus of any of claims 14-16, wherein the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer has a slope which is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

18. The display apparatus of any of claims 14-17, wherein the first organic insulation layer includes an organic material having a viscosity which is higher than a viscosity of the second organic insulation layer.

19. The display apparatus of any of claims 14-18, wherein the first organic insulation layer includes an opening region between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, andwherein the second organic insulation layer covers the opening region of the first organic insulation layer.

20. The display apparatus of any of claims 14-19, wherein a thickness of the second organic insulation layer between the first subpixel and the second subpixel is thinner than a thickness of the second organic insulation layer in a region overlapping the first sub pixel.

21. The display apparatus of any of claims 14-20, wherein the first organic insulation layer further includes a first flat surface in a region overlapping the first subpixel and a second flat surface disposed at a lower height than the first flat surface in a region between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, andwherein the first slope surface connects the first flat surface to the second flat surface.

22. The display apparatus of any of claims 14-21, further comprising a plurality of color filters respectively provided in the first subpixel and the second subpixel, between the substrate and the first organic insulation layer, optionally:wherein the first organic insulation layer includes an opening region exposing at least a portion of each of the plurality of color filters, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, andwherein the second organic insulation layer covers the at least a portion of each of the plurality of color filters exposed by the opening region, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel; and / orwherein the plurality of color filters at least partially overlap each other between the first subpixel and the second subpixel.

23. The display apparatus of any of claims 14-22, wherein each of the plurality of light emitting devices includes:a first electrode on the second organic insulation layer;an emission layer on the first electrode; anda second electrode on the emission layer,wherein the second electrode is a reflection electrode, optionally:wherein the emission layer extends continuously across the first subpixel and the second subpixel and between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the emission layer contacts an entire region of the first electrode; and / orwherein the second electrode extends continuously across the first subpixel and the second subpixel and between the first subpixel and the second subpixel, and the second electrode extends along the second slope surface of the second organic insulation layer, between the first subpixel and the second subpixel; and / orthe display apparatus further comprises a bank disposed on the first electrode to cover an end of the first electrode.

Images