A torque tool and methods of operating a torque tool

Abstract

A torque tool 2 for applying torque to a workpiece (36, Figure 4) includes a motor 30, a reaction member 8, first 10 and second 12 user input components, and a controller 32. The motor drives a rotat

Description

The present invention relates to a torque tool for use in applying torque to a workpiece, and to methods of operating a torque tool. Torque tools are typically used to tighten a workpiece, e.g. nuts, bolts, screws etc, to a specific torque to ensure the workpiece securely holds the object it is engaging. The torques applied to the workpieces may be relatively high. In order to manage the torque applied by the tool to the workpiece, some torque tools comprise a reaction member which engages with an object separate to the tool, in order to resist rotation of the tool itself whilst the tool is applying a torque to the workpiece. This may reduce the amount of torque which is transferred back through the tool to the place at which a user is holding the tool, and thus reduce the amount of torque a user has to resist themselves. In torque tools comprising a reaction member, when the tool initially engages a workpiece, the reaction member may initially be spaced from the object with which it is going to engage. As a result, the reaction member typically has to rotate relative to the rest of tool before it can engage the object and resist rotation of the tool. During the rotation of the reaction member, there is a risk that a user may inadvertently position one or more fingers, or indeed their hand, in a position between the reaction member and the object which it is moving to engage. As a result, there is a risk that as the reaction member moves to engage the object, the reaction member may trap one or more of their fingers, or their hand, between the reaction member and the object. Often, the torques being applied in torque tools comprising a reaction member are typically relatively high, e.g. of the order of many hundreds, or indeed thousands, of Nm of torque and thus in the exemplary case of trapping a finger, there is a risk that the user’s finger could be crushed by the reaction member causing significant harm to a user. The present invention aims to address, or at least mitigate, one or more of the problems outlined above and when viewed from a first aspect provides a torque tool, for applying torque to a workpiece, the tool comprising: a motor arranged to drive a rotatable output configured to apply torque to the workpiece; a reaction member driven to rotate by the motor and arranged to engage, in use, an object separate to the tool so as to resist rotation of the tool during the application of torque to the workpiece; a first user input component and a second user input component each operable by a user; and a controller operatively coupled to each of the first user input component and second user input component, wherein the controller is configured to operate in a first mode of operation in which: when the reaction member is not engaged with the object, the controller is configured to permit operation of the motor only when at least both the first user input component and second user input component are simultaneously operated by a user; and when the reaction member is engaged with the object, the controller is configured to permit operation of the motor when only the first user input component is operated by the user. Accordingly, as will be appreciated, in at least the first mode of operation, a user is required to operate at least both the first user input component and the second user input component, when the reaction member is not engaged with the object, in order for the motor to be allowed to operate. As a result, the risk of a user inadvertently operating the tool and trapping one or more fingers, their hand, or indeed any other item, between the reaction member and the object which the reaction member will move to engage may be reduced as a user has to make an active decision to operate the two user input components. When the reaction member is engaged with the object, the controller permits operation of the motor when only the first user input component is operated. In other words, the user does not necessarily need to operate the second user input component when the reaction member has engaged the object. Of course, when the reaction member has engaged the object, the controller may permit operation of the motor when other user input components (e.g. the second user input component), are operated in addition to the first user input component. In other words, permitting operation when only the first user input component is operated does not exclude permitting operation when other user input components (e.g. the second user input component) are also operated by the user. For example, a user may cease operating the second user input component when the reaction member is engaged, but they do not necessarily need to. Removing the requirement for a user to operate the second user input component may, in at least some instances, help to ensure safe operation of the tool, whilst also ensuring handling of the tool is manageable, as once the reaction member is engaged, a user may release the second user input component and instead support the weight of the tool, for example, or to support another object. The object which the reaction member moves to engage may be any suitable object. The object may be any object which does not move upon engagement by the reaction member. The object may, for example, be another workpiece not presently acted on by the torque tool. When the tool is first connected to a workpiece, the reaction member may not be engaged with the object. Accordingly, in order for operation of the motor to be permitted, the user has to operate both the first and second user input components. There may be some operational situations in which the user pauses operation of the tool after applying torque to the workpiece. In such situations, the reaction member may be engaged with the object at the point of pausing. In such instances, as the reaction member is engaged, according to the invention set out above, the controller may permit operation of the motor without requiring a user to operate the second user input component. As such, a user may simply operate the first user input component and the motor may be permitted to operate. However, the Applicant has recognised that it may be beneficial to ensure the user always makes a purposeful decision to start operating the tool, irrespective of whether the reaction member is engaged with the object or not. Accordingly, in a set of embodiments, in the first mode of operation, following a period of time in which the motor has not been operated, the controller is configured to permit initial operation of the motor, irrespective of whether the reaction member is engaged with the object, only when at least the first user input component and second user input component are operated by a user. In such embodiments, following a period of time in which the tool has not been operated, a user is required to operate both the first and second user input components irrespective of whether the reaction member has engaged the object. Following this initial operation, in the case where the reaction member has engaged the object, the controller may permit operation of the motor without requiring operation of the second user input component after a relatively short period of time. Such embodiments may provide for a relatively simple means of use of the tool, as a user may understand and appreciate that whenever they wish to apply a torque with the tool they simply have to operate both the first and second user input components initially, irrespective of engagement of the reaction member and the object. The controller may be configured to require a user to operate the first and second user input components simultaneously for a pre-set period of time (before the tool reverts to determining whether the reaction member has engaged the object as the means for determining whether both of the first and second components have to be simultaneously operated). The pre-set period of time may comprise at least 1 second, e.g. at least 2 seconds, e.g. at least 3 seconds, e.g. at least 4 seconds, e.g. at least 5 seconds, e.g. at least 10 seconds. The period of time in which the motor has not been operated may be predefined. For example, the period of time may be at period of at least 1 second, e.g. at least 2 seconds, e.g. at least 3 seconds, e.g. at least 4 seconds, e.g. at least 5 seconds, e.g. at least 10 seconds. In a set of embodiments, the controller is configured to operate in a second mode of operation whereby, irrespective of whether the reaction member has engaged the object, the controller permits operation of the motor when only the first user input component is operated. In this second mode of operation, the requirement for both user input components to be operated is thus removed. This may free up one of a user’s hands to allow them to support another item. Of course, even in this second mode of operation, the controller may permit operation of the tool when both the first and second user input components are operated by a user. The tool may comprise a means for switching between the first and second modes of operation. For example, the tool may comprise one or more buttons, a dial, a switch, etc. which allow a user to switch between the first and second modes of operation. Whilst use of the first mode of operation may generally be preferred, and indeed may be the default mode of operation of the tool, the ability for the tool to operate in the second mode of operation may increase the usability of the tool in certain circumstances, as discussed above. In some embodiments, the tool may be configured to default to operation in the first mode of operation. Switching of the tool into the second mode of operation may require at least one, e.g. a plurality of, intentional user inputs. In any of the embodiments described above, the tool may be configured to determine whether the reaction member has engaged the object in any suitable manner. In some embodiments, the controller may be configured to determine whether the reaction member has engaged with the object. The controller may be configured to determine whether the reaction member has engaged the object in any suitable manner using any suitable means. In a set of embodiments, the controller is configured to determine the torque applied to the workpiece by the tool, and wherein the controller is configured to determine that the reaction member has engaged the object when a torque applied by the tool to the workpiece reaches a threshold torque. The Applicant has recognised that when the reaction member is moving towards the object, the torque applied by the tool to the workpiece is typically relatively low. In contrast, when the reaction member engages the object, the torque applied to the workpiece increases. Accordingly, a threshold torque applied to the workpiece may be considered indicative of the reaction member having engaged the object. For example, when the controller determines that 100 Nm has been applied to the workpiece, it may be assumed that the reaction member has engaged the object, otherwise a substantial amount of torque would have been transferred to a user of the tool, which they would have separately realised themselves. In some embodiments, the threshold torque may be a fixed pre-set value. In some embodiments, the threshold torque is at least 40 Nm, e.g. at least 50 Nm, e.g. at least 100 Nm. In another set of embodiments, the threshold torque is a pre-set percentage of the maximum torque to which the tool is capable of applying to the workpiece. For example, the tool may be capable of applying a maximum of 650 Nm to a workpiece. The pre-set percentage may be set at 15% and thus the threshold torque may be approximately 97.5 Nm. In this example, when the tool is applying torque to the workpiece, when a torque of 97.5 Nm or higher is detected, the tool may determine that the reaction member must have engaged the object, and thus the controller may permit operation of the motor without requiring operation of the second user input component. The use of a pre-set percentage of maximum torque as a threshold may provide for a relatively simple detection mechanism which permits reliable and repeatable operation of the tool. The pre-set percentage may be dependent on the maximum torque to which the tool is capable of operating. For example, for tools which have a lower maximum torque, the preset percentage may be higher. In contrast, in tools which have a higher maximum torque, the pre-set percentage may be lower. In some embodiments, the pre-set percentage is at least 5%, e.g. at least 10%, e.g. at least 15%. As discussed in more detail below, the tool may comprise a torque sensor configured to measure the torque applied to the workpiece. The torque sensor may be operatively coupled to the controller. In some embodiments, the tool may be configured to tighten the workpiece to a target torque. The target torque may be set by a user of the tool. When the workpiece has reached the target torque, the tool may cease application of torque to the workpiece. This may be achieved, for example, by the controller stopping operation of the motor when the target torque is reached. In a set of embodiments, the tool is configured to tighten the workpiece to a target torque, and wherein the threshold torque is a pre-set percentage of the target torque. The target torque may be manually set, e.g. by a user. The tool may comprise a user interface which permits setting of the target torque. Use of a pre-set percentage of the target torque as a means for providing an indication of whether the object has engaged the workpiece may be advantageous as it may facilitate reliable detection of reaction arm engagement. This may particular be the case in situations whereby the torque profile for a given workpiece varies, for example when tightening a rusted bolt / thread whereby there may be a higher torque detected before the reaction member actually engages the workpiece. This may, therefore, avoid premature detection of reaction member engagement. In some embodiments, the pre-set percentage of the target torque is at least 5 %, e.g. at least 10 % e.g. at least 15 % of the target torque. The pre-set percentage may be set by a user of the tool. As discussed in more detail below, the tool may comprise a torque sensor configured to measure the torque applied to the workpiece. The torque sensor may be operatively coupled to the controller. Whilst a pre-set percentage of the target torque is discussed above, other embodiments are envisaged. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to determine the torque applied to the workpiece by the tool, and wherein the controller is configured to determine that the reaction member has engaged the object when a rate of change of the torque applied by the tool to the workpiece reduces below a threshold. In the various embodiments described above, the tool may comprise means for determining the torque being applied to the workpiece. In a set of embodiments, the tool comprises a torque sensor configured to measure the torque applied to the workpiece and wherein the controller is configured to determine the torque applied based on an output of the torque sensor. In addition, or alternatively, the controller may be configured to determine the torque applied to the workpiece based on a current supplied to the motor. The current supplied to, i.e. drawn by, the motor may be proportional to the torque applied to the workpiece. The torque sensor may comprise a torque transducer which may comprise at least one strain gauge. The torque transducer may comprise a beam transducer or a radial transducer. The detection of a threshold torque, as discussed in the various embodiments above, is one way in which engagement of the reaction member with the object may be determined. However, other means for determining engagement are envisaged. In a set of embodiments, the torque tool further comprises a switch arranged to be operated when the reaction member engages the object, and wherein the controller determines that the reaction member has engaged the object when the switch is operated. The switch may be in the form of a tact switch which may be considered to be a contact switch, i.e. a switch in which an electrical connection is made or broken when the switch is acted upon. The switch may be arranged on the reaction member in a position whereby it is physically contacted by the object with which it engages. As such, the object may thus act to operate the switch. In other embodiments, the switch may be acted upon by the reaction member as it engages the object. For example, the reaction member may be caused to move relative to the switch when it engages the object. The use of a switch in the above manner may provide for a relatively simple, low cost, reliable mechanism for determining engagement between the reaction member and the object. Other means for determining engagement are also envisaged. In a set of embodiments, the controller is configured to determine an angle through which the reaction member has rotated since the tool has been applying torque to the workpiece, and wherein the controller determines that the reaction member has engaged the object when the reaction member has rotated by at least a pre-set angle. The pre-set angle may, for example, be at least 180 degrees, e.g. at least 270 degrees. In embodiments whereby engagement is determined based on the angle through which the reaction member has rotated, the tool may comprise a rotary encoder configured to measure the angle through which the reaction member has rotated. The rotary encoder may measure rotation indirectly, e.g. by measuring rotation of a component which drives rotation of the reaction member. In a set of embodiments, the torque tool comprises a movement detection means configured to monitor movement of the reaction member, and wherein the controller determines that the reaction member has engaged the object when the movement detection means indicates that the reaction member is not moving. The movement detection means may comprise, for example, a gear, operatively coupled to the reaction member, which is driven to rotate when the reaction member is moving. Movement of the gear may be detected by any suitable mechanism. Again, as with embodiments described above, detection of engagement in this manner may provide for a relatively simple and reliable detection mechanism. In a set of embodiments, the controller is configured to determine that the reaction member has engaged the object when the motor is being operated and following the passing of a predetermined period of time. The tool may comprise a timer configured to measure the time for which the motor is operated. The timer may be an integral part of the controller, or a separate component coupled to the controller. Embodiments in which engagement is determined based on time may provide a relatively simple means for determining engagement of the reaction member with the object. The predetermined period of time may correspond to the time taken for the reaction member to rotate through at least 270 degrees, e.g. at least 330 degrees, at the rotation speed of the reaction member. The rotation speed may be minimum rotation speed, or may be the speed of the rotation at the point in time of operation of the tool. The timer may be integral part of the controller or indeed may be a separate component operatively coupled to the controller. The torque tool may have any suitable form, for example it may be mounted to, i.e. form part of, a machine. However, in a set of embodiments, the torque tool is a hand-held torque tool. In a further set of embodiments the torque tool comprises a handle, configured to be gripped by a user during use, and wherein the first user input component is arranged on the handle. In such embodiments, operation of the tool may be achieved by a user gripping the handle and simultaneously operating the first user input component. Positioning the first user input component on the handle may allow the user to both support the weight of the tool and operate the first user input component simultaneously. As discussed above, the requirement for a user to operate both the first and second user input components simultaneously when the reaction member is not engaged with the object may prevent a user from inadvertently operating the tool when it is not safe to do so. In a set of embodiments, the first user input component and second user input component may be arranged such that they cannot both be simultaneously operated by a single hand. In such embodiments, as will be appreciated, operation of both the first user input component and second user input component simultaneously requires use of two hands. As such, when the reaction member has not engaged the object, and operation of both the first and second user input components is required in order to permit operation of the motor, a user is required to use two hands to operate the first and second user input components. As a result, as both hands are required to operate the tool, a user is prevented from placing their fingers or hand between the reaction member and the object it is moving towards. Such an arrangement may thus improve the safety of operation of the tool. The first and second user input components may be arranged in any suitable manner such that they cannot both be operated simultaneously by a single hand. In embodiments wherein the tool comprises a handle and the first user input component is arranged on the handle, the second user input means may be arranged on a part of the tool separate to the handle. For example, the second user input means may be arranged on a separate part of a housing of the tool. In a set of embodiments, the torque tool comprises a housing which defines a battery receiving portion configured to receive a battery for powering the tool, and wherein the second user input component is arranged on the battery receiving portion of the housing. The battery receiving portion may be arranged below the handle. The handle may form part of (e.g. be defined by) the housing. In a set of embodiments, the torque tool comprises a housing which defines a motor housing portion, and wherein the second user input component is arranged on the motor housing portion. The motor housing portion may, for example, be arranged above the handle. The handle may form part of the housing. The second user input component may be arranged on rearmost portion of the motor housing portion. In a set of embodiments, the tool comprises further handle, wherein the handle is configured to be gripped by a user’s first hand and the further handle is configured to be gripped by a user’s second hand, and wherein the second user input component is arranged on the further handle. A further handle with the second user input component provided thereon may provide a convenient means for separating the first and second user input components so as to require both of a user’s hands to operate the first and second user input components, whilst simultaneously ensuring that use of the tool is ergonomic for a user. The provision of a further handle may also be beneficial where the tool is particularly heavy, as it may make supporting and handling the tool easier for a user. Placing the second user input component on the further handle may ensure that a user is able to appropriately support the weight of the tool, and thereby stay in control of the tool, without having to move their hands in order to operate the tool. In the various embodiments described above, in the first mode of operation the torque tool requires operation of both the first and second user input components when the reaction member is not engaged with the object, but once the reaction member has engaged, the second user input component may be released. As discussed above, it may not be necessary to release the second user input component, and the tool may continue to operate, i.e. the motor may operate, with a user continuing to operate the second user input component. In other words, when the reaction member is engaged, a user may still operate both the first and second user input components. However, in some embodiments, when it is determined that the reaction member has engaged the object, the controller may be configured to permit continued operation of the motor only when the second user input component is not operated by the user. Such embodiments effectively require the user to release the second user input component. This may advantageously prevent users from bypassing the second user input means, for example by taping the second user input means in an operated position, as it requires active release of the second user input means. A user may nonetheless need to operate the first user input component in order for the controller to permit operation of the motor. The first user input component may comprise any suitable component. In a set of embodiments, the first user input component comprises a trigger switch. Such a trigger switch may be advantageous as triggers are typically used on torque tools and so it may provide a convenient form of input component. In some embodiments, the trigger switch may also be used to control the output speed of the motor. The second user input component may comprise any component which requires operation by a user. In a set of embodiments, the second user input component comprises a button. A button may be relatively easy for a user to operate. In some embodiments, the button comprises a physically depressible button. Such a depressible button may be particularly advantageous as a user may obtain tactile feedback as the button is physically pressed, thus providing recognition that the button has been operated. Other forms of button may also be used. In some embodiments, the button may comprise a touch button (e.g. a capacitive button). In some embodiments, the tool is configured to provide an indication to the user that the reaction member has engaged the object. Providing an indication to a user that the reaction member has engaged the object may allow a user to release the second user input component more quickly, thereby potentially freeing up their hand to perform other actions. This may, in some instances, improve the ease of use of the tool. The indication may comprise any suitable indication. In a set of embodiments, the indication comprises at least one of a visual indication, an audible indication or a haptic indication. The tool may comprise an indicator configured to provide the indication. The indicator may, for example, comprise a screen (e.g. an LED or LCD display), a speaker and / or a motor configured to generate haptic feedback. In some embodiments, the indicator may comprise a light, e.g. an LED, configured to illuminate, change colour, and / or flash, upon engagement of the reaction member with the workpiece. The torque tool may comprise a torque multiplier configured to increase the torque applied by the tool. Specifically, the torque multiplier may increase the torque generated by the motor. The torque multiplier may comprise a gearbox. The reaction member may form part of and / or be coupled to the torque multiplier. For example, the reaction member may be coupled to an outermost housing of the torque multiplier. The reaction member may be considered to be separate to the rotatable output. The torque tool may be considered to be a power tool. In a set of embodiments, the torque tool is an electrically powered tool supplied with electrical power from a battery and / or a corded power supply. In such embodiments, the motor may be an electric motor. The battery may be a removable battery. The battery may be rechargeable. In any of the embodiments described above, the motor may comprise any suitable motor that is capable of driving the rotatable output. In some embodiments, the motor may comprise an electric motor. In such embodiments, the controller may control the supply of electrical power to the electric motor in order to control (e.g. permit or prevent) its operation. In other embodiments, however, the motor may comprise a pneumatic motor or hydraulic motor. In such embodiments, the controller may be configured to control (e.g. permit or prevent) the supply of air or hydraulic fluid, as appropriate, to the motor in order to control operation of the motor. In some embodiments, the torque tool may comprise a brake which prevents operation of the motor. The controller may be configured to activate and / or release the brake in order to control operation of the motor. In other words, the motor may be supplied with electrical power, pneumatic / hydraulic pressure, but its operation may be prevented or permitted, through operation of the brake. In some embodiments, the rotatable output may comprise, or be configured to receive, an adaptor, e.g. in the form of a socket, configured to engage a workpiece. In any of the embodiments described above, permitting operation of the motor by the controller may comprise the controller causing the motor to operate. E.g. it may comprise the controller directing the supply of electrical power to the motor to cause its operation. Similarly, preventing operation of the motor may comprise the controller preventing operation of the motor. E.g. it may comprise the motor preventing the supply of electrical power to the motor to prevent its operation. According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of operating a torque tool comprising a motor arranged to drive a rotatable output configured to apply torque to the workpiece, a reaction member driven to rotate by the motor and arranged to engage, in use, an object separate to the tool so as to resist rotation of the tool during the application of torque to the workpiece, a first user input component and a second user input component operatively connected to the controller; wherein the method comprises operating the tool in a first mode of operation comprising: determining whether the reaction member has engaged the object; and when it is determined that the reaction member has not engaged with the object, permitting operation of the motor only when at least both the first user input component and second user input component are simultaneously operated by a user; and when it is determined that the reaction member has engaged with the object, permitting operation of the motor when only the first user input component is operated by the user. Any of the features of the embodiments described above with respect to the torque tool may be equally applied to the second aspect of the present invention described above. In a set of embodiments, following a period of time in which the motor has not been operated, the method comprises permitting initial operation of the motor, irrespective of whether the reaction member is engaged with the object, only when at least the first and second user input components are operated by a user. In a set of embodiments, the method comprises operating the tool in a second mode of operation comprising permitting operation of the motor, irrespective of whether the reaction member has engaged the object, when only the first user input component is operated. In a set of embodiments, the method comprises determining the torque applied to the workpiece and wherein it is determined that the reaction member has engaged the object when the torque applied to the workpiece reaches a threshold torque. The threshold torque may be a pre-set percentage of the maximum torque to which the tool is capable of applying to the workpiece. In a set of embodiments, the method comprises tightening the workpiece to a target torque, and wherein the threshold torque is a pre-set percentage of the target torque. In a set of embodiments, the method comprises utilising an output of a torque sensor, or a current supplied to the motor, to determine the torque applied by the tool. In a set of embodiments, the method comprises determining the angle through which the reaction member has rotated since the tool has been applying torque to the workpiece, and wherein it is determined that the reaction member has engaged the object when the reaction member has rotated by at least a pre-set angle. In a set of embodiments, the method comprises determining that the reaction member has engaged the object when the reaction member is not moving. In a set of embodiments, the first and second user input components of the tool are arranged such that they cannot both be simultaneously operated by a single hand. In a set of embodiments, when it is determined that the reaction member has engaged the object, the method comprises permitting operation of the motor only when the second user input component is not operated by the user. In a set of embodiments, the method comprises providing an indication (to a user) that the reaction member has engaged the objection. Any of the features of the various embodiments of the torque tool described above may be applied to the various embodiments of the method described above. In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer program product comprising computer-executable instructions which, when read by a machine, cause the machine to perform the method according to the second aspect of the invention, or indeed any embodiment thereof discussed above. In accordance with a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable medium having the computer program product according to the third aspect of the invention, discussed above, stored therein. Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a torque tool in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an end-on view of the torque tool shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the torque tool shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the torque tool shown in earlier Figures in use applying torque to a workpiece, whereby the reaction arm is not engaged with an object separate to the tool; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the torque tool shown in earlier Figures in use applying torque to a workpiece, whereby the reaction arm is engaged with an object separate to the tool; Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a torque tool in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention wherein the second user input component is arranged on a further handle; Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a torque tool in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention wherein the second user input component is arranged on a portion of the tool housing adjacent the battery; and Fig. 8 is a flow-chart illustrating a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a perspective view of a torque tool 2 (hereinafter “tool 2”) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The tool 2 comprises a motor 30 (not visible in this Figure) arranged to drive a rotatable output 4 which is configured to apply torque to a workpiece. In the embodiment depicted, the rotatable output 4 comprises a rotating element 4a (not visible in this Figure) to which a socket 4b is attached. The socket 4b may be removably attached to the tool 2, specifically the rotating element 4a, and may be replaced with a different sized socket In some embodiments, as depicted in Figure 1, the tool 2 comprises a torque multiplier 6, which may be in the form of a gearbox. The tool 2 comprises a reaction member 8 which is driven to rotate by the motor 30. The reaction member 8 is arranged to engage, in use, an object separate to the tool 2 so as to resist rotation of the tool, this will be described in more detail below with respect to later Figures. The tool 2 comprises a first user input component 10 and a second user input component 12. The first user input component 10 may be in the form of a trigger switch, as depicted, and the second user input component 12 may be in the form of a button, as depicted. In some embodiments, as is the case in the embodiment depicted in Figure 1, the tool 2 comprises a housing 14. The housing 14 defines a handle 16, configured to be gripped by a user during use, and a motor housing portion 18 which houses the motor 30 (not visible in this Figure). The tool 2 may be considered to be a hand-held torque tool. In some embodiments, as in Figure 1, the first user input component 10 is arranged on the handle 16 so that it may be operated by the same hand that grips the handle 16. As depicted in Figure 1, in some embodiments, the tool comprises a user interface 20 which may comprise a display 22 and at least one (e.g. a plurality of) buttons 24. The user interface 20 may be used to set operational parameters of the tool 2. For example, the user interface 20 may be used to set the torque which the tool 2 applies to an object. The user interface 20 may also be used as a means for switching between different operational modes of the tool 2. The tool 2 further comprises a battery 28 configured to supply power for operation of the tool 2. The battery 28 may be coupled to a battery receiving portion 27, as depicted. The battery 28 may be removable and in some embodiments may be rechargeable. The tool 2 shown in Figure 1 may be considered to be a power tool. Whilst the tool 2 shown in Figure 1 is in the form of a battery-operated tool 2, it will be appreciated that the tool 2 may similarly be a corded power tool. In some embodiments, as depicted in Figure 1, the second user input component 12 is arranged on a part of the tool 2 separate to the handle 16. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the second user input component 12 is arranged on the rearmost portion 26 of the motor housing portion 18 of the housing 14. As a result of this positioning, the first and second user input components 10, 12 are arranged such that they cannot both be simultaneously operated by a single hand. As will be described in more detail below, this ensures that a user has to use both hands in order to operate the tool 2 (in at least a first mode) when the reaction member 8 has not engaged an object which it moves towards. This particular arrangement of first and second user input components 10, 12 is just one arrangement which requires a user to use both hands. It will be appreciated that there will be various different arrangements of the first and second user input components 10, 12, which would require a user to use both hands to simultaneously operate both first and second user input components 10, 12. It will also be appreciated that the arrangement may depend on the form of the tool 2 itself. Whilst this arrangement of the first and second user input components 10, 12 may be advantageous in requiring a user to use both hands when the reaction member has not engaged the object, it is not necessarily essential. In some embodiments, the first and second components 10, 12 may be arranged such that they can be operated by a single hand. In such embodiments, a user is still required to make a more positive decision to operate the tool 2, as compared to a tool which requires only a single user input component to be operated. Figure 2 shows an end-on view of the tool 2, looking at the rearmost portion 26 of the housing 14. This view more clearly shows the relative position of the second user input component 12 relative to the user interface 20, specifically the display 22 and buttons 24. Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the tool 2 shown in earlier Figures, and is intended to illustrate components of the tool 2 not visible in the earlier Figures. As shown more clearly in this Figure, the housing 14 of the tool 2 houses a number of components. Specifically, the motor housing portion 18 of the housing 14 houses a motor 30. The housing 14 may also house a controller 32 and a torque sensor 34. As depicted in Figure 3, the controller 32 is operatively connected to the first user input component 10, the second user input component 12, the user interface 20, the motor 30, the torque sensor 34 and the battery 28. The controller 32 may be operatively connected to each of these components in any suitable manner, for example using electrical wires or tracks within the housing 14. The controller 32 may also communicate wirelessly, where appropriate, with at least some of these components. The motor 30 is configured to drive the torque multiplier 6 which drives rotation of the rotatable output 4. Driving of the torque multiplier 6 causes the reaction arm 8 to rotate, relative to the rest of the tool 2, and to come into contact with an object. Figure 3 also illustrates the rotating element 4a, to which the socket 4b is coupled. The torque multiplier may drive rotation of the rotating element 4a. The torque sensor 34 may comprise a torque transducer, e.g. a beam transducer. The torque sensor 34 may comprise one or more strain gauges arranged to measure the torque being applied to the workpiece. The torque sensor 34 may measure the torque transferred back through the torque multiplier 6, which may be representative of the torque applied to the workpiece. Operation of the tool 2 described above and shown in Figures 1-3 will now be described with reference back to said Figures and with reference to Figures 4 and 5. Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the tool 2 being used to apply torque to a workpiece 36. In the example depicted, the workpiece 36 is a nut attached to a thread (not visible in this Figure) and functions to hold a first item 38 against a second item 40. Whilst a workpiece 36 in the form of a nut is depicted, it will be appreciated that tool 2 may be capable of applying torque to any suitable workpiece. As depicted in Figure 4, the rotatable output 4 may first be engaged with the workpiece 36. This may, for example, comprise pushing the rotatable output 4 onto the workpiece 36. When the tool 2 is first engaged with the workpiece 36, the reaction member 8 may be positioned such that it does not contact any object separate to the tool 2. In other words, it may be able to rotate relative to the tool. In the example situation depicted in Figure 4, the reaction member 8 is arranged to move so as to contact an object 42, separate to the tool 2. In the example shown, the object 42 is another nut attached to the first and second items 38, 40. Of course, the reaction member 8 may engage any suitable object and the arrangement depicted is simply intended to assist with understanding of the invention. The controller 32 is configured such that, in a first mode of operation, when the reaction member 8 does not engage the object (as is the case in Figure 4) it permits operation of the motor 30, and thus operation of the torque multiplier 6 and hence the rotatable output 4, only when at least the first user input component 10 and second user input component 12 are simultaneously operated by the user. As discussed previously, requiring a user to operate both the first and second user input components 10, 12 simultaneously in this manner ensures that a user has to make a positive decision to operate the tool 2. Further, by arranging the first user input component 10 on the handle 16 and the second user input component 12 on the rearmost portion 26 of the housing 14, as depicted, a user is required to use both hands to operate the first and second user input components 10, 12. As a result, it is not possible for a user to trap a finger or their hand between the reaction arm 8 and the object 42 which it is moving to engage with. When the first and second user input components 10, 12 are operated by a user, the controller 32 may then permit operation of the motor 30. Specifically, the controller 32 may supply electrical power to the motor 30 such that the motor 30 operates. Operation of the motor 30 may cause the driving of the torque multiplier which may act to rotate the rotatable output 4, but also rotate the reaction member 8. Once the reaction member 8 has rotated by a sufficient amount relative to the rest of the tool 2, it will come into contact with the object 42. This is depicted in Figure 5 which shows a perspective view of the tool 2 with the reaction member 8 in engagement with the object 42. When the reaction member 8 is engaged with the object 42, the controller 32 may permit operation of the motor 30 when only the first user input component 10 is operated. In other words, once the reaction member 42 has engaged the object 42, the user may release operation of the second user input component 12. The user’s second hand may then be free to perform other tasks, e.g. assisting in supporting the weight of the tool 2. It will be appreciated, however, that in at least some embodiments the controller 32 may permit operation of the motor 30 when both the first and second user input components 10, 12 are operated, i.e. a user does not necessarily have to release the second user input component 12. As set out above, even when the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42, the controller 32 may permit operation of the motor 30 when both the first and second user input components 10, 12 are operated. However, in at least some embodiments, when it is determined that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42, the controller 32 may be configured to permit continued operation of the motor 30 only when the second user input component 12 is not operated by the user. This may be another form of operational mode which may be selected by the user. Operating in this manner may ensure that the user actively wishes to continue operating the tool 2 at the point of reaction member 8 engagement, which may ensure safe operation of the tool 2. As depicted in Figure 5, in at least some embodiments, the tool 2, e.g. the display 22 thereof, may provide an indication to the user that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42. For example, as depicted, the display 22 may display “ENGAGED” thereon so that a user can identify that the reaction member 8 has engaged with the object 42. Indicating engagement of the reaction member 8 with the object 42 may advantageously ensure that a user knows when they are able to cease operation of the second user input component 12. Whilst an indication via the display 22 is depicted, it will be appreciated that an indication may be provided in any other suitable manner. For example, the indication may comprise an audible indication provided from a speaker, or haptic indication e.g. through the handle of the tool 2. Similarly, one or more lights, e.g. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), may be illuminated to indicate engagement. The controller 32 may be configured to determine that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42. This may be achieved in a number of different ways. In some embodiments, the controller 32 is configured to determine the torque applied to the workpiece 36, by the tool 2. The controller 32 may be configured to determine that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42 when the torque applied to the workpiece 36 reaches a threshold torque. As described above, the tool 2 may comprise a torque sensor 34 which is configured to measure the torque applied to the workpiece 26. Accordingly, the controller 32 may be configured to determine the torque applied based on an output of the torque sensor 34. In addition, or alternatively, the controller 32 may be configured to determine the torque applied to the workpiece based on a current supplied to the motor 30. This may work on the principle that as the torque applied to the workpiece 36 increases, the current draw of the motor 30 increases. The threshold torque may be any suitable threshold torque and may depend on specifics of the tool 2, or indeed the object 36 which is being tightened. In some embodiments, the threshold torque is a pre-set percentage of the maximum torque to which the tool is capable of applying to the workpiece 36. For example, the tool 2 may be capable of applying 700 Nm of torque to the workpiece 36. The pre-set percentage may be set at 10% and thus when the torque sensor 34 detects at least 70 Nm of torque, the controller 32 may determine that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42. In another set of embodiments, the tool 2 is configured to tighten the workpiece to a target torque. The target torque may be set, for example, using the user interface 20. The threshold torque may be a pre-set percentage of the target torque. The pre-set percentage may, for example, be 10%. In the exemplary case whereby a user sets the target torque to be 300 Nm, the threshold torque may be 30 Nm. In some embodiments, the pre-set percentage may be adjusted by a user, e.g. using the user interface 20. The embodiments described above utilise torque measurements to determine whether the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42. However, other means for determining engagement are envisaged. In a set of embodiments, the controller 32 may be configured to determine an angle through which the reaction member 8 has rotated since the tool 2 has been applying torque to the workpiece 42. This determination may, for example, be achieved by the controller knowing the output speed of the motor 30, which may be directly proportional to the speed of rotation of the engagement member 8. The controller may determine that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42 when the engagement member 8 has rotated through a at least a pre-set angle. Such embodiments may be particularly advantageous in applications where the torque applied to the workpiece 36 does not increase significantly when the reaction member 8 first engages the object 42, for example due to the workpiece 36 requiring a number of turns before it increases in torque. With reference to Figure 3, in some embodiments, the tool 2 may comprise a movement detection means 44 configured to monitor movement of the reaction member 8. The movement detection means 44 may, for example, monitor movement of the engagement member 8 by monitoring movement of a component operatively coupled thereto. In such embodiments, the controller 32 may be configured to determine that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42 when the movement detection means 44 indicates that the reaction member 8 is not moving. Such an arrangement may provide for a relatively reliable mechanism for detecting engagement of the reaction member 8 with the object 42. In some embodiments, in the first mode of operation, following a period of time in which the motor 30 has not been operated, the controller 32 may be configured to permit initial operation of the motor 30, irrespective of whether the reaction member 8 is engaged with the object 42, only when the at least the first user input component 10 and second user input component 12 are operated by a user. With reference to Figure 5, there may be some instances in which a user starts using the tool 2, but then pauses operation. At this point of pausing, the reaction member 8 may be engaged with the object 42. According to the specific embodiment described above, irrespective of the fact that the engagement member 8 has engaged the object 42, the controller 32 may nonetheless require operation of both the first and second user input components 10, 12 in order to permit operation of the motor 2. This may provide for a consistent means of starting operation of the tool 2, whereby a user knows they simply have to operate both the first and second user input components irrespective of the position of the engagement member 8. Once the motor 30 has begun operating, a determination as to whether the reaction member 8 is / has engaged the objected 42 may be made, e.g. by the controller 32, and a user may relatively quickly be able to release operation of the second user input component 12. In some further embodiments, the controller 32 may be configured to require operation of the first and second user input components, following a period of time in which the motor 30 has not been operated, for at least a pre-set time period. The pre-set time period may, for example, comprise at least 1 second, e.g. at least 2 seconds, e.g. at least 3 seconds, e.g. at least 4 seconds, e.g. at least 5 seconds. In some embodiments, the controller 32 may be configured to operate in a second mode of operation, whereby the controller 32 permits operation of the motor 30, irrespective of whether the engagement member 8 has engaged the object 42, when only the first user input component is operated. In other words, in the second mode of operation, a user does not necessarily need to operate the second user input component 12. This second mode of operation may be selected through suitable interaction with the user interface 20. Figure 6 shows a perspective view of a torque tool 102 (hereinafter “tool 102”) in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The tool 102 is substantially the same as the tool 2 shown and depicted in Figures 1-3. As with the previous embodiment, the tool 102 comprises a housing 114 which defines a handle 116 on which a first user input component 110 is arranged. However, the tool 102 differs to the tool 2 described above in that it comprises a further handle 146 on which a second user input component 112 is arranged. As depicted in Figure 6, the handle 146 may be coupled to a forward portion 150 of the housing 114. The second user input component 148 may be arranged on an end 152 of the handle 146. Arranging the second user input component 148 in this manner may make it easy to operate, e.g. by a user’s thumb when holding the further handle 146. In the embodiment depicted in Figure 6, the handle 116 is configured to be gripped by a user’s first hand, and the further handle 146 is configured to be gripped by a user’s second hand. The tool 102 may otherwise operate in an identical manner to the tool 2 described above. Arranging the first and second user input components 110, 112 in this manner may require a user to use two separate hands to simultaneously operate both components. Figure 7 shows a perspective view of a torque tool 202 (hereinafter “tool 202”) in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The tool 202 is substantially the same as the tool 2 shown and depicted in Figures 1-3. As with the previous embodiment, the tool 202 comprises a housing 214 which defines a handle 216 on which a first user input component 210 is arranged. However, the tool 202 differs in that it comprises a second user input component 212 arranged on a battery receiving portion 227 of the tool 202. The battery receiving portion 227 may be defined by, i.e. be part of, the housing 214. The tool 202 may otherwise operate in an identical manner to the tool 2 described above. Arranging the first and second user input components 210, 212 in this manner may require a user to use two separate hands to simultaneously operate both components. Figure 8 depicts a flow chart illustrating a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The method depicted is suitable for operating the torque tools 2, 102, 202 described above. The method will be described with reference to the torque tool 2, show in Figures 1-5, to assist with understanding the method. However, it should be appreciated that the method may be applied to any suitable tool and utilise any suitable components thereof. The method comprises a first mode of operation, illustrated by the steps contained within the dashed box labelled 354. In some embodiments, the method may also comprise a second mode of operation illustrated by the step contained within the dashed box labelled 356. In the first mode of operation, in a first step S1, the method comprises determining whether the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42. In some embodiments, the method comprises determining the torque applied to the workpiece 36 and wherein it is determined that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42 when the torque applied by the workpiece 36 reaches a threshold torque. The threshold torque may be a pre-set percentage of the maximum torque to which the tool 8 is capable of applying to the workpiece 36. In some embodiments, the method comprises tightening the workpiece 36 to a target torque, and wherein the threshold torque is a pre-set percentage of the target torque. In some embodiments, the method comprises utilising an output of a torque sensor 34, or a current supplied to the motor 30, to determine the torque applied by the tool 8. In some embodiments, the method comprises determining the angle through which the reaction member 8 has rotated since the tool has been applying torque to the workpiece 36, and wherein it is determined that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42 when the reaction member 8 has rotated by at least a preset angle. In some embodiments, the method comprises determining that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42 when the reaction member 8 is not moving. When it is determined that the reaction member 8 has not engaged with the object 42, the method proceeds to step S2 whereby the method comprises permitting operation of the motor 30 only when at least both the first user input component 10 and second user input component 12 are simultaneously operated by a user. In contrast, when it is determined that the reaction member 8 has engaged with the object 42, the method proceeds to step S3 which comprises permitting operation of the motor 30 when only the first user input component 10 is operated by the user. As with various embodiments described above, in step S3, the second user input component 12 may also be operated by the user. In some embodiments, the method comprises step SO whereby following a period of time in which the motor 30 has not been operated, the method comprises permitting initial operation of the motor 30, irrespective of whether the reaction member 8 is engaged with the object 42, only when at least the first and second user input components 10, 12 are operated by a user. The step S1 of determining whether the reaction member has engaged the object may be performed following step SO. In some embodiments, as depicted by step S4, when it is determined that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42, the method comprises permitting operation of the motor 30 only when the second user input component 12 is not operated by the user. In other words, a user has to actively release operation of the second user input component 12 in order to continue operation of the tool 2. In any of the methods described above, when it is determined in step S1, that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42, the method may further comprise providing an indication (to a user) that the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42. In some embodiments, as depicted by the dashed box 356, the method comprises operating the tool 8 in a second mode of operation, whereby in step S5, the method comprises permitting operation of the motor 30, irrespective of whether the reaction member 8 has engaged the object 42, when only the first user input component 12 is operated in a second mode of operation. In other words, the user does not need to, although they may choose to, operate the second user input component 12 when operating in the second mode of operation. The controller 32, of the tool 2 described above, may comprise a computer program product comprising computer-executable instructions which, when read by a machine, cause the machine to perform the method according to any embodiment of the method described above. The controller 32 may comprise a computer readable medium having the computer program product stored therein. The various embodiments described herein are presented only to assist in understanding and teaching the claimed features. These embodiments are provided as a representative sample of embodiments only, and are not exhaustive and / or exclusive. It is to be understood that advantages, embodiments, examples, functions, features, structures, and / or other aspects described herein are not to be considered limitations on the scope of the invention as defined by the claims or limitations on equivalents to the claims, and that other embodiments may be utilised and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the claimed invention. Various embodiments of the invention may suitably comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of, appropriate combinations of the disclosed elements, components, features, parts, steps, means, etc., other than those specifically described herein. In addition, this disclosure may include other inventions not presently claimed, but which may be claimed in future.

Claims

1. A torque tool, for applying torque to a workpiece, the tool comprising: a motor arranged to drive a rotatable output configured to apply torque to the workpiece;a reaction member driven to rotate by the motor and arranged to engage, in use, an object separate to the tool so as to resist rotation of the tool during the application of torque to the workpiece;a first user input component and a second user input component each operable by a user; anda controller operatively coupled to each of the first user input component and second user input component,wherein the controller is configured to operate in a first mode of operation in which:when the reaction member is not engaged with the object, the controller is configured to permit operation of the motor only when at least both the first user input component and second user input component are simultaneously operated by a user; andwhen the reaction member is engaged with the object, the controller is configured to permit operation of the motor when only the first user input component is operated by the user.

2. The torque tool of claim 1, wherein in the first mode of operation, following a period of time in which the motor has not been operated, the controller is configured to permit initial operation of the motor, irrespective of whether the reaction member is engaged with the object, only when the at least the first user input component and second user input component are operated by a user.

3. The torque tool of claim 1 or 2, wherein the controller is configured to operate in a second mode of operation whereby, irrespective of whether the reaction member has engaged the object, the controller permits operation of the motor when only the first user input component is operated.

4. The torque tool of any preceding claim, wherein the controller is configured to determine the torque applied to the workpiece by the tool, and wherein thecontroller is configured to determine that the reaction member has engaged the object when a torque applied by the tool to the workpiece reaches a threshold torque.

5. The torque tool of claim 4, wherein the threshold torque is a pre-set percentage of the maximum torque to which the tool is capable of applying to the workpiece.

6. The torque tool of claim 4 or 5, wherein the tool is configured to tighten the workpiece to a target torque, and wherein the threshold torque is a pre-set percentage of the target torque.

7. The torque tool of any of claims 4 to 6, wherein:the tool comprises a torque sensor configured to measure the torque applied to the workpiece and wherein the controller is configured to determine the torque applied based on an output of the torque sensor; and / orthe controller is configured to determine the torque applied to the workpiece based on a current supplied to the motor.

8. The torque tool of any preceding claim, wherein the controller is configured to determine an angle through which the reaction member has rotated since the tool has been applying torque to the workpiece, and wherein the controller determines that the reaction member has engaged the object when the reaction member has rotated by at least a pre-set angle.

9. The torque tool of any preceding claim, comprising a movement detection means configured to monitor movement of the reaction member, and wherein the controller determines that the reaction member has engaged the object when the movement detection means indicates that the reaction member is not moving.

10. The torque tool of any preceding claim, wherein the torque tool is a handheld torque tool.

11. The torque tool of claim 10, wherein the tool comprises a handle, configured to be gripped by a user during use, and wherein the first user input component is arranged on the handle.

12. The torque tool of any preceding claim, wherein the first user input component and second user input component are arranged such that they cannot both be simultaneously operated by a single hand.

13. The torque tool of claim 12, when dependent on claim 11, wherein the second user input component is arranged on a part of the tool separate to the handle.

14. The torque tool of claim 12 or 13, wherein the tool comprises a housing which defines a battery receiving portion configured to receive a battery for powering the tool, and wherein the second user input component is arranged on the battery receiving portion of the housing.

15. The torque tool of claim 12 or 13, wherein the tool comprises a housing which defines a motor housing portion, and wherein the second user input component is arranged on the motor housing portion.

16. The torque tool of claim 13, wherein the tool comprises further handle, wherein the handle is configured to be gripped by a user’s first hand and the further handle is configured to be gripped by a user’s second hand, and wherein the second user input component is arranged on the further handle.

17. The torque tool of any preceding claim, wherein when it is determined that the reaction member has engaged the object, the controller is configured to permit continued operation of the motor only when the second user input component is not operated by the user.

18. The torque tool of any preceding claim, wherein the first user input component comprises a trigger switch.

19. The torque tool of any preceding claim, wherein the second user input component comprises a button.

20. The torque tool of any preceding claim, wherein the tool is configured to provide an indication to the user that the reaction member has engaged the object.

21. The torque tool of claim 20, wherein the indication comprises at least one of a visual indication, an audible indication or a haptic indication.

22. The torque tool of any preceding claim, wherein the torque tool is an electrically powered tool supplied with electrical power from a battery and / or a corded power supply.

23. A method of operating a torque tool comprising a motor arranged to drive a rotatable output configured to apply torque to the workpiece, a reaction member driven to rotate by the motor and arranged to engage, in use, an object separate to the tool so as to resist rotation of the tool during the application of torque to the workpiece, a first user input component and a second user input component operatively connected to the controller; wherein the method comprises operating the tool in a first mode of operation comprising:determining whether the reaction member has engaged the object; and when it is determined that the reaction member has not engaged with the object, permitting operation of the motor only when at least both the first user input component and second user input component are simultaneously operated by a user; andwhen it is determined that the reaction member has engaged with the object, permitting operation of the motor when only the first user input component is operated by the user.

24. A computer program product comprising computer-executable instructions which, when read by a machine, cause the machine to perform the method according to claim 23.

25. A computer readable medium having the computer program product of claim 24 stored therein.

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