Wind power generation unit

Abstract

To provide a wind power generator capable of efficiently converting wind ranging from gentle wind to strong wind to electric power, and capable of improving battery performance.SOLUTION: A coreless-type wind power generation unit includes: a non-iron core power generator equipped with a non-rotating coil part composed of a plurality of phases, a permanent magnet disposed opposed to the coil part with a gap, and a rotor part on which the permanent magnet is fixed; and a blade disposed on the coaxial extension of the rotor of the power generator. Each phase of the coil part is composed of the same number of coil bodies. The plurality of coil bodies have a multi-stage switching pattern of three or more stages by switching the connection between the coil bodies serially and / or parallelly. The multi-stage switching of three or more stages is automatically executed according to a wind velocity.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wind power generation unit, and more particularly to a coreless type wind power generation unit that can withstand a wide range of wind conditions from light to strong. [Background technology]

[0002] The use of natural energy such as wind and solar power is being put to practical use as clean energy sources, but although wind power can generate electricity even on cloudy or rainy days, it is known to have the drawback of being unable to maintain constant wind power and direction. Therefore, in order to increase the efficiency of wind power generation, it has been known to switch the coil circuit in wind turbines. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-197392 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-114938 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Patent Document 1 switches the coil circuit to accommodate batteries. However, it is not a coreless type generator, and it is desirable to have an output voltage that is easy to extract. Furthermore, the switching is not multi-stage compatible.

[0005] Patent Document 2 uses a coreless wind power generator in combination with a solar power generator, and switches between multiple DC-DC converters to increase the power generation efficiency of the wind power generator. Since wind power generation varies from light breezes to strong winds, two-stage switching alone is not enough to handle it, so multiple DC-DC converters are also used for coil circuit switching. This allows it to handle a wide range of winds from light breezes to strong winds and further maximizes power generation efficiency. As such, Patent Document 2 also requires two-stage switching, and additional equipment such as multiple DC-DC converters is required. Note that the coil shown in this example is a flat type.

[0006] As mentioned above, wind strength varies from a gentle breeze to a strong wind, and although the equipment that receives the wind can respond to this by controlling it with a speed increaser or brake, there are limitations to how much a two-stage switch can handle a variety of winds.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention proposes a wind power generator that can efficiently convert wind from a gentle breeze to a strong wind into electricity and improves battery performance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the wind power generation unit of the present invention is characterized by any one of the following. (1) A coreless wind power generation unit comprising a non-rotating coil section made up of multiple phases, permanent magnets arranged opposite the coil section with a gap between them, a rotor section to which the permanent magnets are fixed, and a coreless generator having blades arranged on a coaxial extension of the rotor of the generator, wherein each phase of the coil section is made up of the same number of coil bodies, and the multiple coil bodies have a multi-stage switching pattern of three or more stages by switching the connections between the coil bodies in series and / or parallel, and the multi-stage switching of three or more stages is automatically performed according to the wind speed.

[0009] (2) A wind power generation unit comprising an ironless generator having a non-rotating coil section made up of multiple phases, permanent magnets arranged opposite the coil section with a gap between them, and a rotor section to which the permanent magnets are fixed, and blades arranged on a coaxial extension of the rotor of the generator, wherein each phase of the coil section is composed of the same number of coil bodies, and the multiple coil bodies are equipped with a coil group A having a multi-stage switching pattern of three or more stages in which the connections between the coil bodies are switched between series and / or parallel, and thin wire B made of a conductor that is thinner than the coil wire constituting the coil group A and has no contact points along the way, and switching is performed between using the coil group A with the thin wire B connected to it and using only the coil group A without the thin wire B, and the coreless wind power generation unit is characterized in that the multi-stage switching of three or more stages is automatically performed according to the wind speed.

[0010] (3) A wind power generation unit including a generator having a non-rotating coil section made up of multiple phases, permanent magnets arranged opposite the coil sections with gaps between them, a rotor section to which the permanent magnets are fixed, and blades arranged on a coaxial extension of the rotor of the generator, wherein each of the phases of the coil section is made up of the same number of coil bodies, the multiple coil bodies are equipped with a coil group A having a multi-stage switching pattern of three or more stages by switching between series and / or parallel connections between the coil bodies, and thin wires B made of conductors that are thinner than the coil wires constituting the coil group A and have no intermediate contacts, and the wind power generation unit automatically switches between using the coil group A with the thin wires B connected to it and using only the coil group A without the thin wires B, and performs multi-stage switching of three or more stages according to the wind speed.

[0011] (4) The wind power generation unit according to (2) or (3), further characterized in that the coil group A and the coil B are used in parallel.

[0012] (5) A wind power generation unit according to any one of (1) to (4) above, characterized in that the coil section is formed by winding a wire material multiple times for each phase to form the coil body, and a plurality of such coil bodies are connected together and stacked to form a cylindrical coil body, and a conductor is drawn out from each of the coil bodies and connected to a coil switching board, and the coil switching board is provided with a switch circuit, and the switch circuit performs multi-stage switching of three or more stages of patterns by switching the coil bodies in series and / or parallel.

[0013] (6) The wind power generation unit according to (5) above, characterized in that the wire material is a litz wire.

[0014] (7) A block-type wind power generation unit with a wind lens, characterized in that any of the wind power generation units (1) to (6) above is enclosed in a housing so that at least the front and back of the blades are open, and a wind flow forming section is provided to collect wind on the blades.

[0015] (8) A wind power generation unit characterized in that a movable plate is used in the wind flow forming section of (7) above, and the movable plate is moved according to the wind direction to collect wind onto the blades.

[0016] (9) A wind power generation unit according to any one of (1) to (8) above, which is also provided with a lead-acid battery for storing the generated electricity.

[0017] (10) A group of wind power generation units consisting of multiple wind power generation units of (7) or (8) connected side by side and / or stacked. Furthermore, even if the energy of the wind power generation units described above is replaced with ocean currents, the idea of ​​generating electricity by using blade rotation is the same, and therefore ocean current power generation units in which wind power is replaced with ocean currents are also within the scope of the present invention. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] The present invention has the effect of improving power generation efficiency by gradually adapting to a wide range of wind power from gentle breezes to strong winds, and also enabling charging even in gentle breezes and avoiding failure of the storage battery in strong winds. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram illustrating the concept of a wind power generation facility using a power generation unit of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a structural explanatory diagram of an example of a coreless generator used in the present invention. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a comparative characteristic diagram of a coreless generator and a cored generator. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a four-coil connection pattern. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a connection pattern of three coils. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the connection pattern of five coils. [Figure 7] This is a characteristic diagram of wind power generation by coil switching when using four coils. [Figure 8] This is an explanatory diagram of a circuit when four coils are used. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a conceptual explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a control unit of the coil switching device. [Figure 10] 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between a clock and Lo and Hi in various command signals when a circuit section is configured using switching elements. FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit of a block that constitutes each phase. [Figure 12] 12 is a detailed explanatory diagram of a control unit that generates a dead time and outputs a command signal in FIG. 11. FIG. [Figure 13] 13 shows an FET switching circuit, and is a detailed diagram of the circuit of the U-phase block indicated by reference numeral 77 in FIG. 12. [Figure 14] 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a multi-stage switching coil arrangement employed in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 15] 1 is a partially omitted perspective view illustrating the schematic structure of one embodiment of a hollow cylindrical coil used in a generator of the present invention. [Figure 16] 10 is a plan view illustrating that the peripheral wall of the cylindrical coil is made up of three layers of cylindrical coil bodies in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil when viewed from the axial direction. FIG. [Figure 17] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of a wire that forms a coil unit. [Figure 18] 1 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of a coil unit used in a hollow cylindrical coil, viewed from a side direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylindrical coil (direction from the outside to the inside in the radial direction). FIG. [Figure 19] This is a partially omitted diagram showing the state in which an inner cylindrical coil body (intermediate cylindrical coil body, outer cylindrical coil body) is formed by multiple coil units, viewed from the side direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylindrical coil (direction from the outside to the inside in the radial direction). [Figure 20] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating an example of a structure in which, when formed into a cylindrical shape, a coil unit is electrically connected to the next coil unit of the same phase in the circumferential direction in the same cylindrical coil body. [Figure 21]This is a partially omitted diagram illustrating a configuration in which an intermediate cylindrical coil body is arranged radially outside an inner cylindrical coil body, and an outer cylindrical coil body is arranged radially outside the intermediate cylindrical coil body, as seen from a side direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylindrical coil (from the radial outside to the radial inside). [Figure 22] FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of a wire arrangement in which, when winding the composite coil shown in FIG. 17, a thin wire independent of the composite coil wire is wound together with the composite coil. [Figure 23] 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a coreless generator cut along a cylindrical surface. [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the coil switching pattern. [Figure 25] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing yet another embodiment of the coil switching pattern. [Figure 26] FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating switching of an embodiment with the same pattern as FIG. 25. [Figure 27] FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating switching of an embodiment with the same pattern as FIG. 25. [Figure 28] FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating switching of an embodiment with the same pattern as FIG. 25. [Figure 29] FIG. 26 is a characteristic diagram of a power generation unit using coil switching in FIG. 25. [Figure 30] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing yet another embodiment of the coil switching pattern. [Figure 31] FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of an example of a group of power generation units in which blocked wind power generation units are stacked. [Figure 32] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a group of power generation units in which blocked wind power generation units are arranged side by side. [Figure 33] FIG. 1 is an external view of an example of a thin-type box-type wind power generation unit. [Figure 34] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an example of installation of a thin-type box-type wind power generation unit. [Figure 35] FIG. 10 is an external view of another example of a thin-type wind power generation unit. [Figure 36] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an example of installation of a group of wind power generators equipped with movable wind direction vanes. [Figure 37]FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a four-sided wind turbine. [Figure 38] 1 is an explanatory diagram of an example of installation of a box-type wind power generation unit to which the present invention is applied. [Figure 39] 1 is an explanatory diagram of an ocean current power generator to which the present invention is applied. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] (Example of equipment configuration for wind power generation unit) FIG. 1 illustrates the concept of a power generation facility using the power generation unit of the present invention. First, blades 1 that rotate when exposed to the wind are arranged in an area 13 exposed to the wind. A casing-equivalent portion called a nacelle 3 is arranged at the rear of blades 1. A generator (described later) is located within nacelle 3, and this generator is connected to blades 1 via a power transmission shaft 2. When wind strikes blades 1, blades 1 rotate, and the rotational force of blades 1 is transmitted into nacelle 3 via power transmission shaft 2. Nacelle 3 is a housing designed with aerodynamics in mind, but as in the embodiment of a block cube power generation unit described later, the shape of the housing does not have to be limited to this nacelle shape, and the external appearance may be roughly box-shaped, etc.

[0021] A gearbox uses gears inside the nacelle 3 to increase the number of rotations and speed up the rotation. Note that a gearbox is not necessary for generators of around 1 kW. In particular, if the multi-stage switching system described below is used, and if a wind lens described below is used, the gearbox does not need to be used.

[0022] The transmitted rotation is converted into electricity by a coreless generator 6. The details of the coreless generator 6 will be explained in a separate section, but the coil inside the coreless generator 6 used in this example is formed into a cylindrical shape (reference numeral 61), and the above-mentioned speed increaser and brake device 5 can be placed in the internal space (in the figure, for simplicity of explanation, these devices are arranged in series). The brake device 5 is responsible for suppressing or stopping rotation in the event of a strong wind or during inspection. However, the brake device 5 is not essential.

[0023] In this example, the power generating unit is installed on a support pole 9. The support pole 9 is hollow and cables are passed through it. The electricity converted by the coreless generator 6 is then distributed within the support pole 9 via an output cable 10 to a lead storage battery 11 or directly to the user via an output cable 12. Note that the present invention also includes cases where the voltage is increased via a transformer.

[0024] Although this example uses a support 9, it may be a type that is placed on the ground surface without using the support 9, such as the block cube type described below.If it is a freestanding type, the support 9 is not necessary, and in the case of the block cube type, the casing that covers the generator will have the function of a nacelle 3.

[0025] A coil connection switching board 7 is attached coaxially to the cylindrical coil body 61 of the coreless generator 6, and this coil connection switching board 7 and the cylindrical coil body 61 are connected by a connection wire 8. Coil connection switching will be described later. Coil connection switching will be explained in a separate section.

[0026] A monitoring communication device 14 (transmitter / receiver with antenna and sensor) and a wind direction and anemometer 15 are attached to the top surface of the nacelle 3, and the monitoring communication device 14 is monitored at a monitoring center (not shown) on the ground (indoors), and the wind speed measured by the anemometer 15 is also transmitted to the brake device 5 and the coil connection switching board 7 via wiring (not shown).

[0027] (Coreless type explanation) Next, we will explain the advantages of coreless (i.e., iron-free) generator systems in wind power generation units.

[0028] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the specific configuration of the coreless generator 6 shown in Figure 1. A generator casing 40 is non-rotatingly disposed on the power transmission shaft 2 via a bearing 46. The generator casing 40 is like a cup-shaped container, with a lid 41 (non-rotating) fitted to the open part. In this way, a substantially cylindrical container is formed, inside which the coil body (non-rotating) and rotor part are disposed.

[0029] The rotor section is configured to rotate because both the outer yoke 42 and the inner yoke 43 are fixed to the transmission power shaft 2 via a yoke support member 45. In this example, the permanent magnet 44 is disposed on the inner surface of the outer yoke 42, but the permanent magnet 44 may also be disposed on the inner yoke 43 side, or on both the outer yoke 42 and the inner yoke 43. In either case, the permanent magnet 44 is disposed opposite the cylindrical coil body 61 with a gap between them. Note that an example in which only one of the outer yoke 42 and the inner yoke 43 is used and the permanent magnet 44 is disposed in that yoke also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0030] The cylindrical coil body 61 is fixed inside in a cantilevered state to keep it stationary (non-rotating) relative to the rotor rotation, and a coil reinforcing layer 61a is formed on one or both sides of the cylindrical coil body 61 to accommodate circular twisting or positional deviation due to the rotational movement or magnetic force of the rotor, and a coil reinforcing ring 47 is further fitted to the open end side of the cylindrical coil body 61. The coil connection switching board 7 is formed in a doughnut-shaped disk shape so as not to come into contact with the power transmission shaft 2, and is equipped with wiring and semiconductor elements for the switching circuit. This coil connection switching board 7 is non-rotating. Although not shown, it is also effective to use a refrigerant directly and / or indirectly to cool the internal heat generated.

[0031] Because the generator constructed in this way is cylindrical and coreless, it is easy to form a cavity inside, which makes it possible to house the speed increaser, gears, brakes, etc. within the cavity, thereby making the device more compact.

[0032] Wind power generation converts wind energy into mechanical energy using a windmill, which then converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy using a generator. The maximum conversion efficiency of a windmill is 59.3% (approximately 60%: Betz's theorem), but currently, the efficiency is approximately 40% for an ideal windmill and approximately 30% for a normal windmill. Given the above, the power generation efficiency of a wind power generation system is at best around 30-35%, assuming a generator efficiency of 80-90%. A 1kW generator has a propeller (blade) diameter of 2m and an area of ​​3.14m. 2The efficiency is designed to be 31.8%. The tip speed ratio of the propeller type (ratio of wind speed to blade tip speed) is generally chosen to be 6 (high conversion efficiency), and the blade tip speed at rated speed (wind speed 12 m / s) is 259.2 km / h and the rotation speed is 688 rpm.

[0033] Wind energy is proportional to the cube of the wind speed. Wind pressure is proportional to the square of the wind speed, and wind energy is wind speed x pressure = wind speed cubed. Therefore, when the wind speed is small, the energy is very small, and conversely, as the wind speed increases, the energy increases rapidly.

[0034] Currently, the operating range of wind turbines is generally such that at speeds of 2.5 m / s or less, the energy required to operate the control circuit is greater than the energy that can be generated, and at speeds of 15 m / s or more, the output is too great and there is a high possibility that the generator and control circuit will be destroyed.As can be seen from the above, the biggest challenge for wind power generation systems is to be able to efficiently utilize winds ranging from light to strong.

[0035] Generally, small wind power generators use permanent magnet synchronous generators. Although cored types are widely used for permanent magnet synchronous motors and generators, the inventors have found that coreless types are more suitable.

[0036] As shown in the graph in Figure 3, for generators with the same induced voltage constant, a coreless generator can obtain a higher voltage, and as a result, can reduce the output current for the same output. This is because the inductance of a coreless generator is smaller, and the voltage drop 2πfLI due to inductance is smaller.

[0037] Furthermore, the coreless type is easy to use in conjunction with the coil switching principle, which will be described in a separate section. Using this coil switching system makes it possible to control the generated voltage, improving power generation efficiency and achieving energy savings. This system also makes it possible to charge over a wide range of wind conditions, from light breezes to strong winds, improving charging efficiency.

[0038] (Coil switching principle) This invention is characterized by not simply switching between two types of coils, either in series or parallel, but by using a mixture of series and parallel to create three or more variations in the switching pattern, that is, by performing multi-stage switching.This makes it possible to perform multi-stage switching in three or more stages according to wind force, so it can handle everything from light breezes to strong winds.

[0039] A generator's coils are made up of multiple phases, typically three phases: U, V, and W. In this invention, three or more coil units are used for each phase. The coil units can be connected all in series, all in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel (series-parallel), making it possible to achieve multi-stage switching of three or more stages. A typical example is the use of four coils per phase, as shown in Figure 4. A three-coil pattern is shown in Figure 5, and a five-coil pattern is shown in Figure 6.

[0040] As can be seen in Figures 4 through 6, the more coils you add, the more variations in switching patterns you can achieve, allowing for more precise response to wind speeds. It's not necessary to use all patterns. For example, as illustrated in Figure 7, if four coils are used, three patterns are acceptable: all in series (4S = 1P-4S, 1 parallel), all in parallel (4P = 4P-1S, 4 parallel), and two parallel and two series (2P-2P, 2 parallel). In this case, all in series corresponds to high wind speeds, all in parallel corresponds to low wind speeds, and two parallel and two series corresponds to medium wind speeds. For a system capable of generating power from an output voltage of 30V, without coil switching (the conventional system), power can be generated at wind speeds of 3 m / s. However, with the three-stage switching technique used in this example, power can be generated at wind speeds of 0.75 m / s. This is illustrated in Figure 7, which shows a graph of four coils with three-stage switching. Assuming three-stage switching, there are four coils, switching between 4S (1 parallel), 2P-2P (2 parallel), and 4P (4 parallel). In the table, "low speed" means that 4S (1 parallel) is used at the lower wind speed, "medium speed" switches to 2 parallel, and "high speed" switches to 4 parallel (switching is automatic). Table 1 summarizes the relationship between wind speed, rotation speed, and output voltage for the case shown in Figure 7. Coil switching can be done automatically depending on the wind speed. [Table 1]

[0041] Next, the coil switching device will be explained using an example of four coils with reference to Figures 8 to 12. For the sake of simplicity, Figure 8 shows a schematic switch circuit, but in reality it corresponds to a semiconductor circuit. The stator coil body according to this embodiment has three phases and twelve poles, with four coils per phase (12 in total). In this stator coil body, switch circuits 49 (49U1, 49U2, 49U3, 49V1, 49V2, 49V3, 49W1, 49W2, 49W3) are provided between the coils constituting each phase (first coil U1, second coil U2, third coil U3, fourth coil U4, first coil V1, second coil V2, third coil V3, fourth coil V4, first coil W1, second coil W2, third coil W3, fourth coil W4). Reference numeral 48 denotes a control unit.

[0042] Switch circuit 49 is configured such that switch circuits 49U1, 49U3, 49V1, 49V3, 49W1, and 49W3 are each configured with two selector switches (first switch A and second switch B) arranged in parallel, each with one input port and two output ports. First coils U1, V1, and W1 are connected to the input ports of first switch A, respectively, and a first bypass line is connected to the input port of second switch B. Second coils U2, V2, and W2 are connected to the output port a of first switch A, and a second bypass line is connected to the output port b of first switch A. Furthermore, the output port a of second switch B is open (unconnected), and branch lines from second coils U2, V2, and W2 are connected to the output port b.

[0043] On the other hand, the switch circuits 49U2, 49V2, and 49W2 are configured such that the number of input ports and the number of output ports of the second switch B are reversed to those of the first switch A. With this configuration, for each of the U, V, and W phases, setting the first switch A and second switch B of each of the switch circuits 49U1-49W3 to port a results in the first coil U1-fourth coil U4, the first coil V1-fourth coil V4, and the first coil W1-fourth coil W4 being connected in series (this state is referred to as "1-parallel"). Furthermore, if the first switch A and second switch B of the circuit units 49U2, 49V2, and 49W2 are set to port b from the 1-parallel state, for example, in the U phase, the first coil U1 and the second coil U2 are connected in series, and the third coil U3 and the fourth coil U4 are connected in series, resulting in the pair of the first coil U1 and the second coil U2 and the pair of the third coil U3 and the fourth coil U4 being connected in parallel. The coils are similarly connected in the V and W phases (this state is referred to as "2-parallel"). Furthermore, for each of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase, when the first switch A and the second switch B are set to port b for each of the circuit sections 49U1-49W3, the first coil U1 to the fourth coil U4, the first coil V1 to the fourth coil V4, and the first coil W1 to the fourth coil W4 are connected in parallel (this state is referred to as a 4-parallel connection). If this configuration is applied to a motor, the more coils connected in series, the higher the torque characteristics (the above 1-parallel connection), and the more coils connected in parallel, the higher the rotation characteristics (the above 4-parallel connection). The present invention uses this configuration in a generator. However, the number of coils and the number of switching stages are not limited, as long as they are three or more.

[0044] A schematic configuration of the switching circuit is shown in Figure 9. Gear switching operation means 70 is connected to a controller 71, and when a command signal from gear switching operation means 70 is input to controller 71, it is input from controller 71 to shift register 72 as a command signal Sin (serial in).

[0045] As shown in FIG. 10, when a command signal Sin is input, the shift register 72 outputs command signals from terminals Q0, Q1, and Q2, respectively. At this time, the shift register 72 adjusts the outputs from each terminal (Q0, Q1, Q2) to cause a lag due to the action of the clock signal clk. Specifically, when Sin is L (Lo, the same applies hereinafter) and clk rises, Q0 becomes L, and when Sin is H (Hi, the same applies hereinafter) and clk rises, Q0 becomes H. On the other hand, in other cases, i.e., when there is no change in Sin, the signal state remains L or H regardless of the rising edge of clk. Q1 changes based on the signal of Q0. Specifically, when Q0 is L and clk rises, it becomes L, and when Q0 is H and clk rises, Q1 becomes H. If there is no change in the signal of Q0, the previous state, i.e., the L or H state, is maintained. Q2 changes based on the signal of Q1. Specifically, when Q1 is L and clk rises, it becomes L, and when Q1 is H and clk rises, Q2 becomes H. If there is no change in the Q1 signal, the previous state, that is, the L or H state, will be maintained, just like Q1.

[0046] The outputs from Q0 and Q2 are input to a NOR element 73, which outputs a command signal as EN (XNOR: exclusive NOR). In the NOR element 73, output of the command signal is permitted when the signals from Q0 and Q2 match, and output of the command signal is not permitted when the two signals do not match. Specifically, when the command signal output from Q0 is L and the output from Q2 is also L, the gate becomes H and output of the command signal is permitted. Similarly, when the output from Q0 is H and the output from Q2 is also Hde, the gate becomes H and output of the command signal is permitted. On the other hand, when the command signal output from Q0 is L and the output from Q2 is H, or when the output from Q0 is H and the output from Q2 is L, the gate becomes L and output of the command signal is not permitted.

[0047] The command signal output from Q1 in the shift register 72 is input to an AND element 75 via a NOT element 74, and is also input directly to an AND element 76. The output signal from the NOT element 74 is the opposite of the input signal (if the command signal output from Q1 is L, the output from the NOT element 74 is H, and if the command signal from Q1 is H, the output from the NOT element 74 is L), so the AND element 75 and the AND element 76 each receive an opposite command signal as the command signal from Q1.

[0048] The AND element 75 and the AND element 76 each output a command signal of H only when the command signal from Q1 and the output signal from the NOR element 73 simultaneously become H. As described above, the AND element 75 and the AND element 76 receive opposite signals (L or H) as the command signal from Q1, and therefore do not simultaneously output a command signal of H. Furthermore, because there is a difference in the switching timing of the command signals from Q0, Q1, and Q2 in the shift register 72, the switching timing of the output signal from the NOR element 73 and the switching timing of the command signal from Q1 do not coincide. Therefore, there is no risk that the switching timing of the command signals from the AND element 75 and the AND element 76 will coincide.

[0049] The outputs from the AND element 75 and the AND element 76 are input to blocks 77, 78, and 79, which constitute the circuits for each phase. Block 77 represents the U-phase block, block 78 represents the V-phase block, and block 79 represents the W-phase block. In blocks 77, 78, and 79, G1s, to which the command signal output from the AND element 75 is input, is the input terminal for the switching signal to the serial gate (series side), and G1p, to which the command signal output from the AND element 76 is input, is the input terminal for the switching signal to the parallel gate (parallel side). As described above, the command signals from the AND element 75 and the AND element 76 never coincide, which causes a discrepancy in the switching timing between L and H. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, there is no time when G1s and G1p are ON (Hi) at the same time, and no short circuit occurs. The numeral "1" in G1s and G1p indicates the number of the respective circuit units.

[0050] FIG. 11 shows an example of a circuit diagram constituting a block. Note that the example shown in FIG. 11 is an example of a circuit diagram for a block constituting a U phase, but the blocks constituting a V phase and a W phase have similar configurations. For example, Lu1h becomes Lv1h for the V phase and Lw1h for the W phase, and Lu2h becomes Lv2h and Lw2h. Furthermore, Lu1l becomes Lv1l and Lw1l, and Vu becomes Vv and Vw, respectively. In the example shown in FIG. 11, switching elements and FET (field effect transistor) elements 80 corresponding to the circuit section are shown, but the use of switching elements in implementing the present invention is not limited to FET elements 80.

[0051] Fig. 12 shows details of the control unit that generates the dead time and outputs the command signal in Fig. 9, and is details of the area within the frame including reference numerals 72 to 76 in Fig. 9. Fig. 13 shows an FET switching circuit, and is details of the circuit of the U-phase block reference numeral 77 in Fig. 9, but the V-phase block reference numeral 78 and the W-phase block reference numeral 79 are similar.

[0052] When switching the coil connection in response to wind speed, there is a time lag before the wind turbine follows the wind speed, so it is preferable to switch by output voltage or frequency (frequency is proportional to output voltage).

[0053] (Example of how to wind a coil) Figure 14 shows the coil switching process in a different way from Figures 4 and 8. As such, the number of coils used in this invention is greater than in previous designs. Therefore, the present inventors propose weaving and winding multiple coils around a cylindrical coreless coil. There are various ways to wind wire coils, and they can be, for example, the method proposed by the present inventor in Patent No. 6989204, or the method proposed below. Of course, these winding methods are not limited to these, and if the above switching concept is followed, using copper plate instead of wire also falls within the scope of this invention.

[0054] The hollow cylindrical coil body 61 of this embodiment is formed from a plurality of coil elements 17. Each coil element 17 is wound a plurality of times, for example, 10 turns. The plurality of coil elements 17 are arranged continuously in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, thereby forming a peripheral wall 61a of the cylindrical coil body 61.

[0055] 16, the peripheral wall 61a is composed of an inner cylindrical coil body 18, an intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 arranged outside the inner cylindrical coil body 18 in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, and an outer cylindrical coil body 20 arranged outside the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61. The inner cylindrical coil body 18, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20 are all formed by continuously arranging a plurality of coil units 17 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61.

[0056] The wire 21 forming the coil element 17 is a conductive wire whose periphery is insulated. An example is shown in FIG. 17. The wire 21 shown in FIG. 17 is formed by bundling a plurality of thin copper wires 28, each of which is covered on its outer periphery with an enamel layer 29, and these are then covered with a fibrous material 30 such as glass fiber. Before the coil elements 17 are continuously arranged in the circumferential direction of the hollow cylindrical coil body 61 to form the cylindrical peripheral wall 61a of the hollow cylindrical coil body 61, the coil element 17 is a flat coil body as shown in FIG. 18. The coil element 17 is formed by winding the wire 21 multiple times in a spiral shape around a winding axis 26 (FIG. 18) that is perpendicular to the extension direction of the axis 16 (FIG. 15) of the cylindrical coil 61.

[0057] The embodiment shown in Figures 18 and 19 includes a first winding portion 22 and a second winding portion 23 that form portions of the cylindrical coil body 61 in the direction in which the axis 16 extends, a third winding portion 24 that is formed between one side of the first winding portion 22 in the direction in which the axis 16 extends (the upper side in Figure 18) and the one side of the second winding portion 23, and a fourth winding portion 25 that is formed between the other side of the first winding portion 22 in the direction in which the axis 16 extends (the lower side in Figure 18) and the other side of the second winding portion 23.

[0058] The size of the first winding portion 22 in the width direction, i.e., the size of the first winding portion 22 in the width direction corresponding to the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 perpendicular to the direction in which the axis 16 of the cylindrical coil body 61 extends, is approximately the same as the size of the second winding portion 23 in the width direction. The first winding portion 22 and the second winding portion 23 are spaced apart in the width direction, so that a central space 27 is formed between the first winding portion 22 and the second winding portion 23. That is, the coil unit 17 is formed by winding the wire 21 spirally multiple times around a winding axis 26 perpendicular to the direction in which the axis 16 (FIG. 15) of the cylindrical coil body 61 extends, and includes the central space 27 on the side of the winding axis 26.

[0059] In the embodiment shown in Figure 18, the first winding portion 22 and the second winding portion 23 extend linearly in the direction of extension of the axis 16 (Figure 15) of the cylindrical coil body 61. This structure and form are not limited to this, and a structure and form that curves convexly in the left-right direction in Figure 18 can also be used.

[0060] The wire 21 shown in Figures 17 and 18 is wound spirally multiple times around the winding axis 26 to form the first winding portion 22, the third winding portion 24, the second winding portion 23, and the fourth winding portion 25 of the coil unit 17, and therefore the thickness of the flat coil unit 17 (the size in the front-to-back direction of the drawing in Figure 18) is determined by the diameter of the wire 21.

[0061] The inner cylindrical coil body 18, intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and outer cylindrical coil body 20, each of which is formed by circumferentially arranging a plurality of coil elements 17, are arranged in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 as shown in Figure 16. The radial thickness of the peripheral wall 61a of the cylindrical coil body 61 is also determined by the diameter of the wire material 21. The hollow cylindrical coil body 61 is used in a generator. Taking into consideration the function of the electric field formed by the current flowing through the coil elements 17 when the engine is running, the inner cylindrical coil body 18, intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and outer cylindrical coil body 20 can all be formed to have approximately the same structure and approximately the same size.

[0062] In this embodiment, the term "approximately the same structure" and "approximately the same size" does not only refer to cases where the relative structures and sizes are completely identical, but also includes cases where the structures and sizes are substantially the same to the extent that, when the generator is operating, a stable electric field suitable for the generator in which the cylindrical coil body 61 of this embodiment is adopted is formed by the current flowing through the multiple coil units 17 that make up the inner cylindrical coil body 18, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20, allowing the generator to exhibit its set output and efficiency.

[0063] 18, coil unit 17 is formed by winding wire 21 spirally multiple times around winding shaft 26 without bulging outward in the radial direction. Because wire 21 is wound around winding shaft 26 without bulging outward in the radial direction, a structure is obtained in which wire 21 does not bend radially outward from winding shaft 26 at any part while being wound around winding shaft 26, as shown in FIG.

[0064] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 , the third winding portion 24 is formed of a winding portion 24a extending obliquely from the upper end of the first winding portion 22 toward the upper side of the second winding portion 23, and a winding portion 24b extending obliquely from the upper end of the second winding portion 23 toward the upper side of the first winding portion 22. The fourth winding portion 25 is formed of a winding portion 25a extending obliquely from the lower end of the first winding portion 22 toward the lower side of the second winding portion 23, and a winding portion 25b extending obliquely from the lower end of the second winding portion 23 toward the lower side of the first winding portion 22. The winding portion 24a of the coil unit 17 is the first inclined side of the third winding portion, and the winding portion 24b is the second inclined side of the third winding portion. The winding portion 25a of the coil unit 17 is the first inclined side of the fourth winding portion, and the winding portion 25b is the second inclined side of the fourth winding portion. Thus, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 18, the coil unit 17 has a six-sided hexagonal shape.

[0065] As described above, the first winding portion 22 and the second winding portion 23 can each have a structure or shape that curves convexly in a curved manner in the left-right direction in FIG. 18 . The third winding portion 24 and the fourth winding portion 25 are also not limited to a structure or shape that extends linearly, such as winding portion 24a, winding portion 24b, winding portion 25a, and winding portion 25b shown in FIG. 18 . The third winding portion 24 can also have a structure that curves convexly in a curved manner toward the top of FIG. 18 , and the fourth winding portion 25 can have a structure that curves convexly in a curved manner toward the bottom of FIG. 18 . In this case, the coil unit 17 in the state shown in FIG. 18 has an elliptical or oval shape with a major axis extending up and down and a minor axis extending left and right in FIG. 18 . The coil unit 17 may also be formed in an elliptical or oval shape.

[0066] The inner cylindrical coil 18 is formed by arranging multiple coil units 17 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, with the first winding portion 22 of the next coil unit 17 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil 61 being arranged inside or outside the radial direction of the cylindrical coil 61 of the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 17.

[0067] 19 is a partially omitted view of the inner cylindrical coil body 18 when it is flat and not cylindrical, forming the peripheral wall 61a of the cylindrical coil body 61, viewed from the outside toward the inside in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61. In FIG. 19, the first winding portion 22 of the next coil unit 17 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 (i.e., the coil unit 17 located in the middle in FIG. 19) is arranged on the front side in FIG. 15 of the second winding portion 23 of the leftmost coil unit 17 (i.e., the radially outer side of the cylindrical coil body 61). Furthermore, the first winding portion 22 of the next coil unit 17 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 (i.e., the coil unit 17 located at the right end in FIG. 19) is arranged on the front side in FIG. 19 of the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 17 located in the middle in FIG. 19 (i.e., the radially outer side of the cylindrical coil body 61). In this manner, a plurality of coil elements 17 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 to form the inner cylindrical coil body 18 .

[0068] In Figure 19, the first winding portion 22 of the coil unit 17 that is next in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 (right side in Figure 19) is arranged radially outside (i.e., on the front side in Figure 19) of the cylindrical coil body 61 from the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 17 that is ahead in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 (left side in Figure 19). However, the first winding portion 22 of the next coil unit 17 may also be arranged radially inside (i.e., on the back side in Figure 19) the cylindrical coil body 61 from the second winding portion 23 of the ahead coil unit 17. The structures of the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 and the outer cylindrical coil body 20 are the same as the structure of the inner cylindrical coil body 18 described above.

[0069] When the cylindrical coil body 61 of this embodiment is used in, for example, a three-phase rotating electric machine, each of the multiple coil elements 17 arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 becomes a coil element constituting one of the U phase, V phase, and W phase. In this case, as shown in Figures 15, 16, and 19, the coil elements 17 arranged continuously in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 to form the cylindrical peripheral wall 61a of the cylindrical coil body 61 are electrically connected to the coil element 17 of the same phase that is next in the circumferential direction in each of the inner cylindrical coil body 18, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20.

[0070] An example of this electrical connection is shown in Figure 20. In the figure, the element designated by the reference numeral 31a is made up of a coil unit 17, which forms the same phase, for example, a U phase, in the circumferential direction of the inner cylindrical coil body 18, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, or the outer cylindrical coil body 20 of the cylindrical coil body 61.

[0071] In this case, in each of the inner cylindrical coil body 18, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20, the coil element 31a forming the U phase is located next in the circumferential direction via the wire material 32a constituting the coil element 31a, and is electrically connected to the coil element 31b which also forms the U phase. The coil element 31b is located next in the circumferential direction via the wire material 32b constituting the coil element 31b, and is electrically connected to the coil element 31c which also forms the U phase. Note that a coil connection changeover switch, which will be described later, is interposed in this inter-coil connection as will be described later (the same applies hereinafter).

[0072] Similar electrical connections are made between the multiple coil units that form the V phase and between the multiple coil units that form the W phase in each of the inner cylindrical coil body 18, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20.

[0073] As shown in Figures 15 and 16, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is arranged radially outside the inner cylindrical coil body 18, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20 is arranged radially outside the intermediate cylindrical coil body 20, thereby forming the peripheral wall 61a of the cylindrical coil body 61.This state can be explained as follows with reference to Figure 21.

[0074] 21, the coil units 17 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18 are indicated by the preceding coil unit 31a4 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, the next coil unit 31b4 in the circumferential direction, and the next coil unit 31c4 in the circumferential direction. The coil units 17 forming the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 are indicated by the preceding coil unit 31a5 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, the next coil unit 31b5 in the circumferential direction, and the next coil unit 31c5 in the circumferential direction. The coil units 17 forming the outer cylindrical coil body 20 are indicated by the preceding coil unit 31a6 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, the next coil unit 31b6 in the circumferential direction, and the next coil unit 31c6 in the circumferential direction.

[0075] In addition, in Figure 21, the first winding portion 22 of the next coil unit 17, which is arranged radially inside or outside the cylindrical coil body 61 of the second winding portion 23 of the previous coil unit 17, is shown as being arranged radially outside the cylindrical coil body 61 of the second winding portion 22 of the previous coil unit 17.

[0076] In the central space 27 of the coil unit 31b4 that forms the inner cylindrical coil body 18, the second winding portion 23 of the circumferentially preceding coil unit 31a5 that forms the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 and the first winding portion 22 of the circumferentially next coil unit 31b5 that forms the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 that is arranged radially outside the second winding portion 23 are arranged.

[0077] Similarly, the second winding portion 23 of the circumferentially preceding coil unit 31a6 that forms the outer cylindrical coil body 20 and the first winding portion 22 of the circumferentially next coil unit 31b6 that forms the outer cylindrical coil body 20 and that is arranged radially outside the second winding portion 23 are arranged in the central space portion 27 of the coil unit 31b4 that forms the inner cylindrical coil body 18.

[0078] Here, the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 31a5 constituting the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, which are stacked in the radial direction, the first winding portion 22 of the coil unit 31b5 constituting the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 31a6 constituting the outer cylindrical coil body 20, which are stacked in the radial direction, and the first winding portion 22 of the coil unit 31b6 constituting the outer cylindrical coil body 20, are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 without overlapping each other in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, as shown in Figure 21.

[0079] In addition, the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 31b5 that forms the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is arranged in the central space portion 27 of the coil unit 31b5 that forms the outer cylindrical coil body 20, and the first winding portion 22 of the coil unit 31b6 that is next in the circumferential direction and that forms the outer cylindrical coil body 20 that is arranged radially outside the second winding portion 23.

[0080] Similarly, in the central space 27 of the coil unit 31b5 that forms the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, the second winding portion 23 of the circumferentially preceding coil unit 31b4 that forms the inner cylindrical coil body 18 and the first winding portion 22 of the circumferentially next coil unit 31c4 that forms the inner cylindrical coil body 18 and is arranged radially outside the second winding portion 23 are arranged.

[0081] Here, the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 31a6 constituting the outer cylindrical coil body 20, which are stacked in the radial direction, the first winding portion 22 of the coil unit 31b6 forming the outer cylindrical coil body 20, the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 31b4 constituting the inner cylindrical coil body 18, which are stacked in the radial direction, and the first winding portion 22 of the coil unit 31c4 constituting the inner cylindrical coil body 18 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 without overlapping with each other in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, as shown in Figure 21.

[0082] In addition, the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 31a4, which is the front coil unit in the circumferential direction and forms the inner cylindrical coil body 18, and the first winding portion 22 of the coil unit 31b4, which is the next coil unit in the circumferential direction and forms the inner cylindrical coil body 18 and is arranged radially outside the second winding portion 23, are arranged in the central space portion 27 of the coil unit 31a6 that forms the outer cylindrical coil body 20.

[0083] Similarly, in the central space 27 of the coil unit 31a6 that forms the outer cylindrical coil body 20, the second winding portion 23 of the circumferentially preceding coil unit 31a5 that forms the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 and the first winding portion 22 of the circumferentially next coil unit 31b5 that forms the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 that is arranged radially outside the second winding portion 23 are arranged.

[0084] Here, the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 31a4 constituting the inner cylindrical coil body 18, which are stacked in the radial direction, the first winding portion 22 of the coil unit 31b4 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18, and the second winding portion 23 of the coil unit 31a5 constituting the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, which are stacked in the radial direction, and the first winding portion 22 of the coil unit 31b5 constituting the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 without overlapping each other in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, as shown in Figure 21.

[0085] The winding portion 24a (FIG. 18) constituting the first inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a5 forming the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is arranged radially outward of the winding portion 24b (FIG. 18) constituting the second inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a4 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18. Furthermore, the winding portion 24a (FIG. 18) constituting the first inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a6 forming the outer cylindrical coil body 20 is arranged radially outward of the winding portion 24b (FIG. 18) constituting the second inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a4 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18.

[0086] In this case, as shown in Figure 21, the position where the winding portion 24a that forms the first inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a5 that forms the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is located radially outside of the winding portion 24b that forms the second inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a4 that forms the inner cylindrical coil body 18, and the position where the winding portion 24a that forms the first inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a6 that forms the outer cylindrical coil body 20 is located radially outside of the winding portion 24b that forms the second inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a4 that forms the inner cylindrical coil body 18, do not overlap in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61.

[0087] Winding portion 25a (FIG. 18) constituting the first sloping side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31a5 forming intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is arranged radially outward from winding portion 25b (FIG. 18) constituting the second sloping side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31a4 forming inner cylindrical coil body 18. Furthermore, winding portion 25a (FIG. 18) constituting the first sloping side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31a6 forming outer cylindrical coil body 20 is arranged radially outward from winding portion 25b (FIG. 18) constituting the second sloping side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31a4 forming inner cylindrical coil body 18.

[0088] In this case, as shown in Figure 21, the position where winding portion 25a constituting the first inclined side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31a5 forming the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is arranged radially outside of winding portion 24b constituting the second inclined side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31a4 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18, and the position where winding portion 25a constituting the first inclined side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31a6 forming the outer cylindrical coil body 20 is arranged radially outside of winding portion 25b constituting the second inclined side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31a4 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18, do not overlap in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61.

[0089] The winding portion 24b (FIG. 18) constituting the second inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a5 forming the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is arranged radially outward from the winding portion 24a constituting the first inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31b4 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18. Furthermore, the winding portion 24b (FIG. 18) constituting the second inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a6 forming the outer cylindrical coil body 20 is arranged radially outward from the winding portion 24a constituting the first inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31b4 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18.

[0090] In this case, as shown in Figure 21, the position where the winding portion 24b constituting the second inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31b4 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18 is located radially outside the winding portion 24a constituting the first inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31b4 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18, and the position where the winding portion 24b constituting the second inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31a6 forming the outer cylindrical coil body 20 is located radially outside the winding portion 24a constituting the first inclined side of the third winding portion of the coil unit 31b4 forming the inner cylindrical coil body 18, do not overlap in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61.

[0091] Winding portion 25b (FIG. 18) constituting the second inclined side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31a5 forming intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is arranged radially outward from winding portion 25a (FIG. 18) constituting the first inclined side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31b4 forming inner cylindrical coil body 18. Furthermore, winding portion 25b (FIG. 18) constituting the second inclined side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31a6 forming outer cylindrical coil body 20 is arranged radially outward from winding portion 25a (FIG. 18) constituting the first inclined side of the fourth winding portion of coil unit 31b4 forming inner cylindrical coil body 18.

[0092] In this case, as shown in Figure 21, the position where the winding portion 25a that forms the first inclined side of the fourth winding portion of the coil unit 31b4 that forms the inner cylindrical coil body 18 is located radially outside the winding portion 25a that forms the first inclined side of the fourth winding portion of the coil unit 31b5 that forms the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the position where the winding portion 25a that forms the first inclined side of the fourth winding portion of the coil unit 31b4 that forms the inner cylindrical coil body 18 is located radially outside the winding portion 25a that forms the first inclined side of the fourth winding portion of the coil unit 31b6 that forms the outer cylindrical coil body 20, do not overlap in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61.

[0093] With the above-described arrangement structure, the first winding portion 22, the second winding portion 23, the third winding portion 24, and the fourth winding portion 25 of the coil units 17 that constitute the inner cylindrical coil body 18, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20 are overlapped in only two layers in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil 61, and the peripheral wall 61a of the cylindrical coil body 61 is formed.

[0094] That is, as explained in Figure 16, the peripheral wall 61a of the cylindrical coil body 61 in this embodiment is composed of three layers of cylindrical coil bodies (inner cylindrical coil body 18, intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, outer cylindrical coil body 20) in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 when viewed from the direction of the axis 16, but the peripheral wall 61a is formed to have a thickness of only two layers of the coil unit 17.

[0095] This is achieved by arranging the inner cylindrical coil body 18, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20 so that they are offset from one another in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, as described above.

[0096] In the illustrated embodiment, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is disposed circumferentially (to the right in FIG. 21) offset from the inner cylindrical coil body 18 disposed inside it by the amount of the width of the first winding portion 22 in FIG. 18, i.e., the amount of the width of the second winding portion 23. The outer cylindrical coil body 20 is disposed circumferentially (to the right in FIG. 21) offset from the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 disposed inside it by the amount of the width of the first winding portion 22 in FIG. 21, i.e., the amount of the width of the second winding portion 23.

[0097] As a result, when the peripheral wall 61a of the cylindrical coil body 61 is formed, the first winding portion 22, second winding portion 23, third winding portion 24, and fourth winding portion 25 of the coil units 17 that constitute the inner cylindrical coil body 18, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20 are overlapped in only two layers in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61.

[0098] When connecting the coils described above, appropriate switches are inserted according to the configuration of the changeover switch circuit. These switches are fixed to the coil switching board 7 in Figure 1 using semiconductor circuits.

[0099] The fibrous material 30 of the wire 21 described using Figure 17 is made into a material that melts when heated, such as glass fiber, and flat coil bodies that become the inner cylindrical coil body 18, intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and outer cylindrical coil body 20 are prepared as described above using multiple coil units 17, and further, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is arranged radially outside the inner cylindrical coil body 18, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20 is arranged radially outside the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, with the inner cylindrical coil body 18, intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and outer cylindrical coil body 20 being arranged so that they are shifted from each other by a predetermined amount in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61, and then heated to thermally fuse the fibrous materials together to form the hollow cylindrical coil body 61 of this embodiment, in which the peripheral wall 61a is formed with a thickness equivalent to two layers of the coil units 17.

[0100] As described in Further Embodiment 2 below, the present inventors propose winding a single thin wire 33 without a switch together with the winding 21 described above (see FIG. 22) for generator applications. The constituent wires of FIG. 17 are essentially of the same standard in thickness and characteristics, but one of the constituent wires (or a conductor slightly thicker than the thin wire but thinner than the outer diameter) is wound together. However, unlike the wire 21, this thin wire 33 does not have a switch between the thin wires 33, the role of which will be discussed later. Since there is only one thin wire, it can be handled structurally within the thickness tolerance range. For example, even if the thin wire 33 is wound together with the wire 21, with 10 turns each, the number of turns can be changed between the wire 21 and the thin wire 33. In other words, winding the thin wire 33, which is used only in light winds, together with the wire 21 during production will simplify the manufacturing process. An embodiment using this winding method is shown in Further Embodiment 2 below.

[0101] Due to the above-mentioned structure, when a plurality of coil units 17 are arranged continuously in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 to form the inner cylindrical coil body 18, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20, and further, the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 is arranged radially outside the inner cylindrical coil body 18, and the outer cylindrical coil body 20 is arranged radially outside the intermediate cylindrical coil body 19 to form the cylindrical coil body 61, the amount by which the coil units 17 bend in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 does not substantially exceed the thickness size of the coil units 17.

[0102] This reduces the stress on the wire 21 that forms the coil unit 17. The radial thickness of the peripheral wall 61a of the cylindrical coil body 61 is twice the thickness of the coil unit 17, but does not exceed at least three times the thickness.

[0103] In the cylindrical coil body 61 of this embodiment, as described with reference to Fig. 18, each of the multiple coil elements 17 constituting the peripheral wall 61a has a structure in which there is no portion where the wire material 21 bends radially outward from the winding axis 26 while the wire material 21 is being wound around the winding axis 26. Therefore, compared to the case where a coil element having a bulging portion that bulges outward in a hairpin shape radially from the winding axis 26 is used, an increase in electrical resistance can be suppressed from the perspective of the coil path. Furthermore, because the amount of bending in the radial direction of the cylindrical coil body 61 can be reduced as described above, the mechanical stress that the wire material 21 receives can also be reduced.

[0104] Since the cylindrical coil 61 is assembled as described above, the radial thickness of the peripheral wall 61a of the cylindrical coil 61 is equivalent to twice the thickness of the coil unit 17, but does not exceed at least three times the thickness.

[0105] 19 and 21, the first winding portion 22 and the second winding portion 23 extend linearly in the direction of the axis 16 (FIG. 15) of the hollow cylindrical coil body 61, and the third winding portion 24 and the fourth winding portion 25 have also been described as having linearly extending hypotenuses. However, the windings are not limited to such a linear structure, and as long as the above-described arrangement can be realized, the first winding portion 22, the second winding portion 23, the third winding portion 24, and the fourth winding portion 25 can also have a curved structure rather than that shown in FIG.

[0106] The hollow cylindrical coil body 61 of the above-described embodiment is used in a coreless generator, one of which will be described with reference to FIG. 22, when winding a plurality of wires 21 as described above, a thin wire 33 (which is itself an insulating coated conductor and is thinner than the wires 21 and the thin wires that make up the wires 21) is also wound together. As will be described later, the thin wire 33 is a single wire, and differs from the wires 21 in that it has no contact points along the way.

[0107] The hollow cylindrical coil body 61 of the above-described embodiment is supported by a stator and disposed within a nacelle 3 that constitutes a housing of a coreless generator 6. A power transmission shaft 2, which serves as the central axis of rotation of the coreless generator 6, is disposed at the radial center of the hollow cylindrical coil body 61 in the direction in which the axis of the hollow cylindrical coil body 61 extends. The rotor 39, which is disposed concentrically with the power transmission shaft 2 (the central axis of rotation of the generator) like the hollow cylindrical coil body 61, is composed of a cylindrical inner yoke 43 that extends in the direction in which the axis of the cylindrical coil body 61 extends, i.e., the direction in which the power transmission shaft 2 extends, and an outer yoke 42. In the illustrated embodiment, a cylindrical permanent magnet 44 is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer yoke 42. The permanent magnets 44 are arranged such that adjacent unit magnets in the circumferential direction of the outer yoke 42 have alternately different magnetic poles, and are disposed with a predetermined gap between adjacent unit magnets.

[0108] By disposing cylindrical permanent magnets 44 on the inner circumferential surface of the outer yoke 42, a magnetic field with a doughnut-shaped cross section is generated in the rotor 39 consisting of the inner yoke 43 and the outer yoke 42. The cylindrical permanent magnets 44 may also be disposed on the outer periphery of the inner yoke 43. Power generation is generated when the rotor 39 rotates due to input rotational force. In the hollow cylindrical coil body 61 of the above-described embodiment, if the first winding portion 22 and the second winding portion 23 extend linearly in the direction of the power transmission shaft 2 of the cylindrical coil body 61, the coreless generator 6 of this embodiment can be configured such that the coil opening angle formed between the first winding portion 22 and the second winding portion 23 in the first coil unit 17, etc., and the width of the poles of a pair of circumferentially adjacent magnets of the cylindrical permanent magnets 44 are substantially equal, as shown in FIG. 23 . The coreless generator 6 of this embodiment advantageously employs the structure shown in FIG. 23 because it maximizes torque efficiency.

[0109] (Further embodiment 1 of coil switching) Another method of coil switching is explained in Figure 24. In this example, six coils are used for each phase. When six coils are used, the following 12 patterns can be selected, including all in series, but in this example only three of them are used.

[0110] The 12 patterns are as follows (P is parallel, S is series): all parallel (6P), 5P+1S, 4P+2P, 4P+2S, 3P+3P, 3P+2P+1S, 3P+3S, 2P+2P+2P, 2P+2P+2S, 2P+4S, 2P+3S (one unused), 6S (all parallel).

[0111] In the example in Figure 24, we use three of these: all-series (6S; assuming each coil is 1V, 1Ω, this results in 6Ω, 6V), 2P+2P+2P (also 1.5Ω, 3V), and 3P+3P (also 0.66Ω, 2V). We also won't use the all-parallel pattern. This results in an equal spread of maximum RPMs across the three levels, as shown in the graph in Figure 24 (note that k on the vertical axis of the graph is a coefficient. For example, if k is 100, then 6k is 600 RPM). This approach eliminates the need for fine switching between 12 patterns, reducing the number of switches (as shown on the right side of Figure 24). Furthermore, the uniform RPM differences make control easier. Reducing the number of contacts (switches) not only reduces costs, but also prevents machine damage by setting the maximum RPMs at equal intervals of 1k, 2k, and 3k, with 3k being the upper limit, eliminating the large difference up to 6k (this prevents the load on the machine caused by sudden changes in maximum RPM).

[0112] Similarly, doubling the number of coils per phase from six to 12 will achieve a similar thinning effect. When using 12 coils, the rotation speed can be selected from 12k, 6k, 4k, 3k, 2k, and 1k (k is a coefficient), but below 4k, the intervals are all uniformly 1k. In other words, switching between 4k, 3k, 2k, and 1k prevents mechanical damage from switching shock, just like the 6-coil example above. Although the gap between 6k and 4k is slightly wider, it is significantly narrower than the gap between 12k and 4k, so even if you choose 6k, it is still effective in suppressing mechanical damage from shock. As a result, you can choose to not use 12k and choose 6k, 4k, 3k, 2k, or 1k. Of course, this results in a significant reduction in the number of switches compared to the number of coils used.

[0113] (Further embodiment 2 of coil switching) Figures 25 to 28 show the circuit implementation of Figure 24 (with six coils switched out) (this six-coil section will be referred to as coil group A in this example only), and furthermore, by connecting or disconnecting a section formed by a single thin wire (referred to as coil group B in this example only) in series, more suitable operation is possible from light breezes to strong winds. Incidentally, if coil group A corresponds to wire 21 in Figure 22 and has a normal coil thickness, coil group B corresponds to thin wire 33 in Figure 22 (for convenience of drawing, coil groups A and B are shown to have the same thickness, but in reality they are different as shown in Figure 22) (thin wire 33 may be relatively thinner). Incidentally, although multiple thin wires 33 appear in Figure 22, this is merely a representation of the coil being wound with multiple turns, and in reality it is a single wire.

[0114] The winding method shown in Figure 22 above is effective for connection, and thin wire 33 in Figure 22 will be responsible for coil group B. In other words, coil group A (made from wire 21) has an inter-coil switch as shown in Figure 24, but thin wire 33 has only one switch along the way. Whether or not to use coil group B in the thin wire 33 section is determined by switching switch C. In the example shown in this figure, each coil in coil group A is wound with 10 turns, and since there are 6 coils, it comes to 60 turns in total. The thin wire of coil group B is also wound with 60 turns, and as shown in Figure 22, if the wire 21 of coil group A and the thin wire 33 of coil group B have the same number of turns, it is more efficient to wind them together.

[0115] In the connection pattern of Figure 25, coil group A is all connected in series and is further connected to coil group B. This coil group B section has high resistance because it is made of thin wire, but it is effective in light breezes (for example, wind speeds of 4 m / s or less as a guideline). Using this thin wire section (coil group B) increases resistance, but in an extremely light wind such as 4 m / s, the current that can be extracted is small, so the problem of increased resistance does not need to be a concern. Rather, this mode places emphasis on capturing the small amount of wind during periods of extremely light wind (above 0 and below 4 m / s) to generate electricity and charge the battery.

[0116] 26 to 28, the connection between coil group A and coil group B is cut off, and coil group B is not used. In the connection pattern of Fig. 26, coil group A is all in series, in the connection pattern of Fig. 27, coil group A uses 2P3S, and in Fig. 28, coil group A uses 2S3P.

[0117] The above is the same for the U phase, V layer, and W phase, which are connected by a common line. Figure 29 illustrates the wind power generation characteristics when this embodiment is used. Generally, the generated voltage increases as the wind speed increases from 0 to a strong wind. However, in this example, once the generated voltage reaches a predetermined level, the generated voltage decreases as the coil connection is switched. This characteristic changes sequentially from pattern (1), to (2), to (3), to (4). In other words, a feature of this embodiment is that when there is a light wind, pattern (1) using the thin wire connection is used; each time the coil is switched, the voltage decreases as shown in the figure.

[0118] In fact, the lead-acid battery used in this example typically charges between 8V and 16V. Below 8V, it cannot receive power, and above 16V, it will be damaged. Therefore, coil switching is performed to allow for strong winds below 16V. However, during normal times, light winds prevail, and winds of 4 m / s or more generally rarely occur throughout the year. Therefore, it is a wasteful waste of natural energy sources to be rendered useless by winds of 4 m / s or less. For example, in Japan, this very light wind (extremely light wind) occurs for most of the day. Winds of 2.5 m / s or less are also common. The second important feature of this embodiment is that it employs pattern (1), enabling it to capture energy even in extremely light winds. Furthermore, to capture and convert even the lightest winds into electricity, the generator structure, particularly the blades, is made small and lightweight. The power transmission shaft is also lightweight to reduce mechanical resistance and allow for smooth rotation, and bearings are also installed. A coreless type wind turbine, which does not have an iron core, is ideal for achieving this compact and lightweight design.

[0119] While this example limits the connection between Coil Group A and Coil Group B to a series configuration, a variation is possible, as shown in Figure 30, where Coil Group A and Coil Group B are connected in parallel. In this example, each coil in Coil Group A has 10 turns, for a total of 60 turns for the six coils. Coil Group B's thin wire also has 60 turns, but the number of turns in Coil Group B can be increased (e.g., 200 turns). To enable parallel connection, Switch D is added to this diagram. When Switch C disconnects Coil Group A from Coil Group B, connecting Switch D places Coil Group A and Coil Group B in a parallel configuration. The thin wire in the Coil Group B section creates high resistance, but using this thin wire section (Coil Group B) in a very light wind (such as 4 m / s) does not increase resistance, so the current drawn is low and the resistance increase is not a concern. Therefore, this example is also suitable for very light winds. In this way, using multiple coil switching stages in combination with a switchless coil made of wire thinner than the coil itself is suitable for very light winds. Incidentally, in this embodiment, the switches between the coils (both the switches within coil group A and switch C) may use mechanical relay switches instead of semiconductor switches when the wind speed is zero or very light. In other words, a combination of semiconductor switches and mechanical relay switches (selective switching) is used. This is intended to prevent battery consumption due to driving the semiconductor switches when there is essentially no wind. If a current is generated as the wind speed increases, the current can be detected, so the mechanical relay switch can be switched over to the semiconductor switch. In other words, the mechanical relay switch turns off when generated voltage is generated.

[0120] (Example of a block-type power generating unit) The wind power generation units of the present invention described above have the advantages of a coreless type, namely, being small and lightweight (because there is no iron core), so they do not require a support pole. In particular, if measures are taken to prevent the breeze from escaping (such as using the above-mentioned embodiment 2 or a wind lens to collect wind), they can be installed anywhere, such as on the coast or a mountaintop, and can even be placed on the roof of a building or in a garden.

[0121] If the power generation units 85 are in block form, they can be stacked like building blocks as shown in Figure 31, allowing for effective use of the installation space. Furthermore, by connecting them side by side as shown in Figure 32, the space above the group of power generation units 85 can be effectively utilized. Of course, using them in groups like this also allows for an arrangement similar to the array of concentrators in a solar power generation system. The cube-block housing that forms the exterior of each power generation unit can be made of resin, and any type that can be stacked or arranged side by side, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, is effective and falls within the scope of this invention. Furthermore, information on power generation status, maintenance information, and fault conditions can be obtained using other remote monitoring equipment and communication methods proposed for conventional wind power generation, and communication distances can be kept short.

[0122] Figures 33 to 35 show examples of units that have been thinned from the box-type described above. The thin type in Figure 33 has a width of, for example, 40 cm, a roughly square front with each side measuring 2 m, and a beam 95 with a coreless generator 90 and blades 91 arranged to fit within a hole 93. The central diameter of the hole 93 is 1.36 m, and a wind lens is formed by a wind-collecting surface 86 that gradually slopes from the outer frame toward the narrowest hole 93 at the center. Reference numeral 92 denotes a power transmission shaft. In this generator unit, the coreless generator 90 is located behind the blades 91 within a thin housing 94. The axial length of the coreless generator 90 itself can be shortened to accommodate smaller and lighter sizes.

[0123] Figure 34 shows an example of installing this thin generator unit 96 in an open space area such as a slope beside a road. There are many mountains, plateaus, slopes of developed land, or vacant lots along the sides of a road 100. Two guide rails (H-beams, etc.) 99 with recesses 98 formed in them are inserted parallel to each other into the ground, and the thin generator unit 96 is installed between the recesses 98 with the protrusions 97 on both sides of the unit fitted together so that the blade surfaces face the road side (open space). This allows for effective use of the land. The thin generator unit 96 may receive wind from the back or front.

[0124] Figure 35 shows an example in which a coreless generator 90 is installed in the center of the blades 91 inside the housing. This prevents the axial length of the generator from widening the housing width, making it even thinner. In this example, an air channel 102 is opened at the bottom of the housing 101, providing an air intake function. The box in this example is assumed to be 15 to 20 cm wide and 1200 mm long and wide.

[0125] Figure 36 is the same as Figure 32 in that it shows an example of coreless wind power generation units arranged side by side, but in addition, a wind deflector 107 is attached to the outlet of each unit on the front. The wind deflector 107 moves according to the wind direction, and in this example it changes with a wire. A wire take-up pulley 111 winds and releases the wire, changing the direction of the wind deflector 107 around the wind deflector shaft 106 as its central axis. The wire take-up pulley 111 is driven by a gear head 110 attached to a motor 109. The box below the motor 109 is a control box 108 with a built-in battery. In this example, four units are arranged side by side on a frame 112. Reference numeral 105 denotes a bearing metal for the shaft 106. The coreless generator 104 is assumed to be φ180 x 90 mm, and the blades 103 are assumed to be φ1000 mm with a 12-blade impeller. The unit height (height of the frame 112) is assumed to be 1200 mm, the width 20 to 30 mm, and the length of one unit 1200 mm for four connected units. The wire winding pulley 111 driven by the motor 109 operates depending on the wind direction in the installation environment, and the wind direction vane shafts 106 connected to the wires rotate, causing each wind direction vane 107 to move in unison to the left and right.

[0126] Figure 37 shows an example of a four-sided wind power generator. In this example, a box-shaped housing 114 with openings on all four sides is mounted on a single support pole 9, and a unit of 12 blades 103 is provided in each of the four openings, each equipped with a coreless generator 104. A rotating light 113 is provided on top. An output line 115 extends from the bottom of the support pole 9. In this example, the generator is assumed to be 180cm in diameter x 90cm in length, with the diameter of the holes on each side being 1000mm, the length and width of the frame being 1200mm, the rotating light 113 positioned 1000mm from the frame, and each side of the square opening on the top surface being 20-30mm. For all of the above generator units, it is effective to attach a net cover to prevent bird attacks, animals, and flying objects (such as sheets blown away by storms) from entering. 38 shows a configuration in which two of the above-mentioned thin generator units 96 are arranged at right angles to each other as shown in (a), making them omnidirectionally compatible with north, south, east, and west, and suitable for installation in the corners of building rooftops, for example. Furthermore, if solar panels 116 are mounted on the top surfaces of both of the perpendicularly arranged thin generator units 96 so as to straddle them as shown in (b), the solar panels 116 will function as wind lenses that prevent wind from passing directly into the sky, making it effective for recovering wind power and enabling the acquisition of two natural energy sources: wind power and sunlight.

[0127] (Application example of ocean current power generation) The coil switching system of the present invention, which converts currents into electricity, can be applied to ocean current power generation and to rapid-flowing rivers. Figure 39(a) shows several existing coastal wave-breaking tetrapods 116 submerged in the ocean waters 117. Figure 39(b) shows the proposed power generation unit housing 118 submerged in the ocean in place of the wave-breaking tetrapods 116. (The housing casing is made of seawater-resistant concrete to prevent it from being swept away by ocean currents, and holes are formed at the front and rear with blades at the penetrations to allow water currents to pass through.) Reference numeral 119 denotes a tapered surface that forms a wind lens (or a water current lens in this example) (as shown in (d)). The block in (d) is assumed to be approximately cubic (with tapered edges) with a length, width, and height of approximately 200 cm, and the diameter of the central hole, or contraction section, is approximately 100 cm. Figure 39(c) shows an example of such blocks arranged in series underwater. Furthermore, reference numeral 120 denotes a coreless generator, and reference numeral 121 denotes blades set coaxially with the coreless generator. They can then be arranged side by side or stacked two or three levels as in (c) to form a power generation means that also functions as a tetrapod. Of course, since coreless generators are used underwater, it is effective to take measures such as making each part waterproof and seawater resistant (coating, rust prevention, etc.), painting the exposed parts of the housing to prevent shellfish from adhering, and installing net covers over the openings to prevent fish and debris from attacking the blades. [Explanation of symbols]

[0128] 1...Blade, 2...Power transmission shaft, 3...Nacelle, 5...Brake device, 6...Coreless generator, 7...Coil connection switching board, 8...Connection line, 9...Support, 10...Output cable, 11...Lead-acid battery, 13...Area, 14...Monitoring communication device, 15...Wind direction and anemometer, 16...Shaft, 17...Coil alone, 18...Inner cylindrical coil body, 19...Intermediate cylindrical coil body, 2 0....Outer cylindrical coil body, 21....Wire material, 22....First winding portion, 23....Second winding portion, 24....Third winding portion, 24a, 24b....Winding portion, 25....Fourth winding portion, 25a, 25b....Winding portion, 26....Winding shaft, 27....Central space portion, 28....Thin copper wire, 29....Enamel layer, 30....Fiber-like material, 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d....Coil unit, 32a, 32b, 32 c, 32d... Wire rod, 31a4, 31a5, 31a6... Coil unit, 31b4, 31b5, 31b6... Coil unit, 31c4, 31c5, 31c6... Coil unit, 33... Fine wire, 39... Rotor, 40... Generator casing, 41... Cover, 42... Outer yoke, 43... Inner yoke, 44... Permanent magnet, 45... Yoke support member, 46... Bearing, 47... Coil coil reinforcement ring, 48...controller, 49 (49U1 to 49U3, 49V1 to 49V3, 49W1 to 49W3)...switch circuit section, 61...cylindrical coil body, 61a...peripheral wall, 62a...coil reinforcement layer, 70...gear switching operation means, 71...controller, 72...shift register, 73...NOR element, 74...NOT element, 75...AND element, 76...AND element, 77, 78,79...Block, 80...FET element, 86...Wind collecting surface, 90...Coreless generator, 91...Blade, 92...Power transmission shaft, 93...Hole, 94...Thin housing, 95...Beam, 96...Thin generator unit, 97...Convex parts on both sides, 98...Concave part, 99...Guide rail, 100...Road, 101...Housing, 102...Wind tunnel, 103...Blade, 104...Coreless generator, 105... Bearing metal, 106... Shaft for wind deflector, 107... Wind deflector, 108... Control box, 109... Motor, 110... Gear head, 111... Wire winding pulley, 112... Frame, 113... Rotating light, 114... Housing, 115... Output line, 116... Wave-breaking tetrapod, 117... Underwater, 118... Housing, 119... Wind lens, 120... Coreless generator, 121... Blade

Claims

1. A coreless wind power generation unit comprising a non-rotating cylindrical coil section made up of multiple phases, permanent magnets arranged opposite the coil section with a gap therebetween, and a rotor section to which the permanent magnets are fixed, and a coreless generator, and blades arranged on a coaxial extension of the rotor of the generator, wherein the coil section is formed into a cylindrical shape by winding wire several turns for each phase, and each phase is composed of the same number of coil bodies, and the conductors drawn from each coil body are connected to a coil switching board, and the coil switching board is provided with a switch circuit, and the switch circuit has a multi-stage switching pattern of three or more stages by switching the connection between each coil body between series or parallel, as well as a mixed use of series and parallel, and automatically switches between three or more stages according to the wind speed.

2. a wind power generation unit including a coreless generator having a non-rotating cylindrical coil section composed of multiple phases, permanent magnets arranged opposite the coil section with a gap therebetween, and a rotor section to which the permanent magnets are fixed, and blades arranged on a coaxial extension of the rotor of the generator, wherein the coil section is formed into a cylindrical shape by winding wire material multiple turns for each phase, and each of the phases is composed of the same number of coil bodies, and conductor wires drawn from each of the coil bodies are connected to a coil switching board, and the coil switching board is provided with a switch circuit, and the coil bodies include a coil group A having a multi-stage switching pattern of three or more stages by switching between series or parallel connections between the coil bodies and a mixed series and parallel connection, and a thin wire B made of a conductor wire that is thinner than the coil wire material constituting the coil group A and has no contacts along the way, and the switch circuit switches the coil group A and switches between a case where the thin wire B is connected in series to the coil group A and a case where only the coil group A is used without the thin wire B, and automatically switches between three or more stages according to the wind speed.

3. 3. The wind power generating unit according to claim 2, further comprising: a coil group A and a thin wire B which are used in parallel.

Images