Blood purification device

Abstract

To provide a blood purification device capable of executing priming and discharging of a displacing solution quickly with a simple configuration.SOLUTION: A blood purification device includes: a blood circuit 21 for circulating blood through a dialyzer 10 in which a blood purification membrane is incorporated; a dialysate solution supply flow channel 52 for supplying a dialysate solution to the dialyzer 10; a waste liquid discharge flow channel 53 for discharging waste liquid from the dialyzer 10; a liquid supply pump 61 disposed in the dialysate solution supply flow channel 52 for imparting the pressure supplied to the dialyzer 10 to the dialysate solution; and a waste liquid pump 71 disposed in the waste liquid discharge flow channel 53 and configured so as to be a separate body and be independently driven with respect to the liquid supply pump 61 for imparting the pressure discharged from the dialyzer to the waste liquid. By driving the waste liquid pump 71 in a state that the blood circuit 21 and the waste liquid discharge flow channel 53 are communicated with each other, the liquid in the blood circuit 21 is sucked into the waste liquid discharge flow channel 53.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a blood purification device. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, blood purification devices use a water removal pump to prime a blood circuit or to drain a substitution fluid from the blood circuit (see Patent Document 1). This blood purification device includes a blood circuit capable of circulating blood extracorporeally, a dialyzer for purifying blood flowing through the blood circuit, a piping section including a dialysate introduction line for introducing dialysate into the dialyzer and a dialysate discharge line for draining dialysate from the dialyzer, a duplex pump disposed in the dialysate introduction line and the dialysate discharge line to supply dialysate to the dialyzer and drain drainage from the dialyzer, a water removal pump disposed in a bypass line bypassing the duplex pump to remove water from the blood flowing through the dialyzer, and a communication line communicating the blood circuit with the dialysate discharge line. In this blood purification device, when priming the blood circuit or draining a substitution fluid from the blood circuit, the water removal pump is driven in a state where the blood circuit is communicated with the dialysate discharge line via the communication line, and the blood circuit is sucked by the water removal pump to perform priming or drainage. In this way, by using the water removal pump to suction the blood circuit, there is no need to provide a separate pump for priming or draining, and priming and draining can be performed with a simple configuration. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6488048 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In conventional blood purification devices, a water removal pump is used for suction of the blood circuit, and therefore there is a limit to how quickly the priming and the discharge of the substitution fluid can be performed due to the balance with the pressure (suction force) of the water removal pump.

[0005] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENTS An object of the present invention is to provide a blood purification apparatus which has a simple configuration and is capable of quickly performing priming and draining of replacement fluid. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a blood purification device that purifies a patient's blood via a blood purifier incorporating a blood purification membrane, the blood purification device comprising: a blood circuit that circulates the blood through the blood purifier; a dialysis fluid supply flow path that supplies a dialysis fluid to the blood purifier; a waste fluid discharge flow path that discharges waste fluid from the blood purifier; a supply pump that is disposed in the dialysis fluid supply flow path and applies pressure to the dialysis fluid to be supplied to the blood purifier; and a drainage pump that is disposed in the drainage discharge flow path and is configured to be separate from and independently drivable with respect to the supply pump and applies pressure to the waste fluid to be discharged from the blood purifier, the blood purification device driving the drainage pump in a state in which the blood circuit is connected to the waste fluid discharge flow path via a communication flow path that bypasses the blood purifier, or in which the blood circuit is connected to the waste fluid discharge flow path via the blood purifier in a manner that allows liquid to be sent therebetween, thereby drawing in the liquid in the blood circuit into the waste fluid discharge flow path. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a blood purification apparatus which has a simple configuration and is capable of quickly performing priming and draining of replacement fluid. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a blood purification device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a priming operation. [Diagram 3] 13 is a flowchart showing a priming operation. [Figure 4] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a replacement liquid discharging operation. [Diagram 5] 13 is a flowchart showing a replacement fluid discharge operation. [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a modified example of the blood purification device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, a blood purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. This blood purification device is a medical device that performs dialysis treatment by purifying a patient's blood via a dialyzer, and is a so-called hemodialysis device. In particular, this blood purification device uses a drainage pump to prime the blood circuit and drain the substitution fluid from the blood circuit, allowing priming and drainage of the substitution fluid to be performed quickly and with a simple configuration.

[0010] (Blood purification device configuration) As shown in Fig. 1, the blood purification device 1 includes a dialyzer 10 for purifying the blood of a patient C, an extracorporeal circulation unit 11 for circulating the blood of the patient C through the dialyzer 10, and a dialysate supply / drainage unit 12 connected to the dialyzer 10 and having a dialysate circuit 41 for supplying dialysate to the dialyzer 10 and discharging wastewater from the dialyzer 10. The extracorporeal circulation unit 11 and the dialysate supply / drainage unit 12 are configured separately, and the dialyzer 10 is detachably attached to the extracorporeal circulation unit 11 via a fixing jig 13. The dialyzer 10 is an example of a blood purifier.

[0011] The dialyzer 10 has a built-in blood purification membrane (hollow fiber type hemodialysis membrane or hemodiafiltration membrane, or flat membrane type hemodialysis membrane or hemofiltration membrane). The dialyzer 10 has a blood inlet 10a for introducing blood and a blood outlet 10b for discharging the introduced blood, as well as a dialysate inlet 10c for introducing dialysate and a dialysate outlet 10d for discharging the introduced dialysate. The dialyzer 10 purifies the blood by bringing the blood into contact with the dialysate via the blood purification membrane.

[0012] The extracorporeal circulation unit 11 includes a blood circuit 21 that circulates the blood of the patient C through the dialyzer 10, a storage bag 22 connected to the blood circuit 21 through a supply pipe 22a, a blood circuit side communication pipe 23 connected to the blood circuit 21, and a control unit 24. The storage bag 22 is an example of a storage unit that stores a priming liquid. The control unit 24 will be described later.

[0013] The blood circuit 21 includes an arterial blood pipe 31 connected to the blood inlet 10a of the dialyzer 10 and directing blood drawn from the blood vessel of the patient C to the dialyzer 10, and a venous blood pipe 32 connected to the blood outlet 10b of the dialyzer 10 and returning blood discharged from the dialyzer 10 to the blood vessel of the patient C.

[0014] A blood pump 33 and an arterial clamp 34 are disposed in the arterial blood piping 31. The blood pump 33 is a liquid delivery pump that applies pressure to blood to deliver it, and is, for example, a peristaltic pump. The arterial clamp 34 is disposed upstream of the blood pump 33 and opens and closes the arterial blood piping 31.

[0015] On the other hand, an air trap chamber 36, an air bubble detector 37, and a venous clamp 38 are disposed in the venous blood piping 32. The air trap chamber 36 is a chamber that traps air bubbles in the blood. The air bubble detector 37 detects air bubbles in the blood. The venous clamp 38 is disposed downstream of the air trap chamber 36 and the air bubble detector 37, and opens and closes the venous blood piping 32.

[0016] In the blood circuit 21, by driving the blood pump 33 with the arterial clamp 34 and the venous clamp 38 open, blood from the patient C is guided to the dialyzer 10 via the arterial blood piping 31, purified by the dialyzer 10, and then returned to the patient C via the venous blood piping 32. This purifies the blood of the patient C.

[0017] The storage bag 22 is connected to the arterial blood piping 31 between the blood pump 33 and the arterial clamp 34 via the supply piping 22a. The storage bag 22 stores physiological saline as a priming liquid, and during priming, the physiological saline contained in the storage bag 22 is filled into the blood circuit 21 via the supply piping 22a. In addition, a supply clamp 39 that opens and closes the supply piping 22a is provided on the supply piping 22a.

[0018] The blood circuit side communicating pipe 23 is connected to the air trap chamber 36. The blood circuit side communicating pipe 23 is connected to the dialysis fluid circuit side communicating pipe 42 described later via the drainage port P, and together with the dialysis fluid circuit side communicating pipe 42, constitutes a communicating flow path 40 that communicates between the blood circuit 21 and the dialysis fluid circuit 41 (a drainage discharge flow path 53 described later).

[0019] The dialysis fluid supply / drainage unit 12 has a dialysis fluid circuit 41 that supplies dialysis fluid to the dialyzer 10 and discharges waste fluid from the dialyzer 10, a dialysis fluid circuit side communicating pipe 42 connected to the dialysis fluid circuit 41, and a dialysis fluid supply / drainage unit side control unit 43.

[0020] The dialysis fluid circuit 41 includes a dialysis fluid preparation section 51 for purifying the dialysis fluid, a dialysis fluid supply flow path 52 connected to the dialysis fluid inlet 10c of the dialyzer 10 and for supplying the dialysis fluid purified by the dialysis fluid preparation section 51 to the dialyzer 10, and a dialysis fluid discharge flow path 53 connected to the dialysis fluid outlet 10d of the dialyzer 10 and for collecting and discharging the effluent from the dialyzer 10.

[0021] The dialysis fluid preparation section 51 prepares the dialysis fluid from the supplied pure water and a dialysate consisting of a concentrated solution or a powder. The pure water supplied to the dialysis fluid preparation section 51 may be supplied from a pure water production section mounted in the dialysis fluid supply / drainage unit 12, or may be supplied from a pure water production device provided outside the dialysis fluid supply / drainage unit 12. The dialysis fluid preparation section 51 may also be omitted, and for example, the dialysis fluid may be supplied to the dialysis fluid supply / drainage unit 12 from an external dialysis fluid supply device or the like.

[0022] A supply pump 61 and a first solenoid valve 62 are disposed in the dialysis fluid supply flow path 52. The supply pump 61 is a pump for sending the dialysis fluid by applying pressure to the dialysis fluid to be supplied to the dialyzer 10, and is configured, for example, by a diaphragm pump. The supply pump 61 is driven to supply the dialysis fluid to the dialyzer 10. The first solenoid valve 62 is disposed downstream of the supply pump 61 and opens and closes the dialysis fluid supply flow path 52.

[0023] A drainage pump 71 and a second solenoid valve 72 are disposed in the drainage discharge flow path 53. The drainage pump 71 is configured to be separate from and independently drivable with respect to the supply pump 61, and is a liquid delivery pump that applies pressure to drainage liquid to discharge the drainage liquid from the dialyzer 10, and is configured, for example, as a diaphragm pump. Driving the drainage pump 71 discharges the drainage liquid from the dialyzer 10. The second solenoid valve 72 is disposed upstream of the drainage pump 71, and opens and closes the drainage discharge flow path 53.

[0024] The dialysis fluid circuit side communicating pipe 42 is connected between the drainage pump 71 and the second solenoid valve 72 in the drainage discharge flow path 53. The dialysis fluid circuit side communicating pipe 42 is connected to the blood circuit side communicating pipe 23 via the drainage port P, and together with the blood circuit side communicating pipe 23, constitutes a communicating flow path 40 that bypasses the dialyzer 10 and communicates the blood circuit 21 with the drainage discharge flow path 53. That is, one end of the communicating flow path 40 is connected to the air trap chamber 36 in the venous blood piping 32, and the other end is connected to the upstream side of the drainage pump 71 in the drainage discharge flow path 53. In addition, the dialysis fluid circuit side communicating pipe 42 is provided with a third solenoid valve 73 that opens and closes the communicating flow path 40. During priming, the drainage pump 71 is driven with the second solenoid valve 72 closed and the third solenoid valve 73 open, to suck the blood circuit 21 through the communicating flow path 40 connected to the upstream side of the drainage pump 71. The second solenoid valve 72 is an example of a discharge side on-off valve, and the third solenoid valve 73 is an example of an on-off valve.

[0025] The dialysis fluid supply / drainage unit side control section 43 communicates with the control section 24 of the extracorporeal circulation unit 11, and controls the supply pump 61, the drain pump 71, and the solenoid valves 62, 72, 73 according to commands from the control section 24. The dialysis fluid supply / drainage unit side control section 43 is realized by appropriately combining a calculation element such as a CPU, a memory, software, an interface, a communication unit, and the like.

[0026] (Explanation of the control unit and its control) Here, the control unit 24 and the control by the control unit 24 will be described. The control unit 24 is realized by appropriately combining a calculation element such as a CPU, a memory, software, an interface, a communication unit, etc., and receives the detection value of the air bubble detector 37 and controls the blood pump 33 and each of the clamps 34, 38, 39. The control unit 24 also communicates with the dialysis fluid supply / drainage unit side control unit 43, and controls the supply pump 61, the drain pump 71, and each of the solenoid valves 62, 72, 73 via the dialysis fluid supply / drainage unit side control unit 43.

[0027] The control unit 24 controls the blood pump 33, the supply pump 61, and the drain pump 71 to perform a dialysis treatment operation. In the dialysis treatment operation, the blood pump 33 is driven to circulate blood through the dialyzer 10, the supply pump 61 is driven to supply dialysis fluid to the dialyzer 10, and the drain pump 71 is driven to discharge drainage fluid from the dialyzer 10. As a result, the blood of the patient C is circulated through the dialyzer 10 while the dialysis fluid is supplied to and discharged from the dialyzer 10, thereby purifying the blood of the patient C.

[0028] The control unit 24 also controls the blood pump 33, the drainage pump 71, the solenoid valves 62, 72, 73, and the clamps 34, 38, 39 to perform the priming operation and the substitution fluid discharge operation. The priming operation and the substitution fluid discharge operation will now be described with reference to Figures 2 to 5.

[0029] (Explanation of priming operation) The priming operation is an operation for filling the blood circuit 21 with physiological saline before the hemodialysis operation. The priming operation is performed in a state in which the ends of the arterial blood piping 31 and the venous blood piping 32 are connected and communicated with each other by a coupler 81, as shown in Fig. 2. The priming operation is performed in a state in which the second solenoid valve 72 is closed and the arterial clamp 34 and the venous clamp 38 are opened. The control unit 24 executes the priming operation.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in the priming operation, first, the third solenoid valve 73 is closed (S1), and the supply side clamp 39 is opened (S2). Then, the drainage pump 71 is driven (S3). That is, by driving the drainage pump 71 while closing the third solenoid valve 73 and blocking the blood circuit 21 and the drainage discharge flow path 53, the pressure in the piping (within a predetermined area) from the drainage pump 71 to the second solenoid valve 72 and the third solenoid valve 73 is negatively pressurized (lower than the pressure in the blood circuit 21) and pressure is accumulated (see FIG. 2(a)). This prevents the drainage in the drainage discharge flow path 53 from flowing back to the blood circuit 21 when the third solenoid valve 73 is opened. The determination of whether the pressure in the piping from the drainage pump 71 to the second solenoid valve 72 and the third solenoid valve 73 is negatively pressurized is performed, for example, by a detection value of a pressure detection unit provided in the piping from the drainage pump 71 to the second solenoid valve 72 and the third solenoid valve 73. The pressure detection unit may be provided, for example, between the drainage pump 71 and the second solenoid valve 72 in the drainage discharge flow path 53, and may also serve as a dialysis fluid pressure sensor that detects (monitors) the dialysis fluid pressure in blood purification treatment. Alternatively, any sensor may be used for other purposes or exclusively.

[0031] After the drainage pump 71 is negatively pressurized (pressure is accumulated) in the piping from the drainage pump 71 to the third solenoid valve 73, the third solenoid valve 73 is opened while the drainage pump 71 is still driven (S4). By opening the third solenoid valve 73, the drainage pump 71 is driven while the blood circuit 21 and the drainage discharge flow path 53 are in communication with each other via the communication flow path 40 so that the blood circuit 21 can be sent. This causes the drainage pump 71 to suck the blood circuit 21 via the communication flow path 40. That is, the blood circuit 21 is sucked based on the accumulated pressure accumulated in S3. The drainage pump 71 sucks the blood circuit 21 and creates a negative pressure in the blood circuit 21, so that the saline solution stored in the storage bag 22 flows into the arterial blood piping 31. The saline solution that has flowed into the blood circuit 21 passes through the coupler 81 and the venous blood piping 32 to the air trap chamber 36. Then, the saline flows from the air trap chamber 36 through the communication flow path 40 into the waste liquid discharge flow path 53 and reaches the drainage pump 71. As a result, the arterial blood piping 31 and the venous blood piping 32 are filled with saline from the connection position of the reservoir bag 22 to the air trap chamber 36, and the saline is also accumulated in the air trap chamber 36 (see FIG. 2(b)). That is, by driving the drainage pump 71, the saline in the blood circuit 21 is sucked into the waste liquid discharge flow path 53.

[0032] When a certain time has elapsed since the third solenoid valve 73 was opened and the flow path from the connection position of the storage bag 22 to the air trap chamber 36 is filled with physiological saline, the third solenoid valve 73 is closed (S5) and the drainage pump 71 is stopped (S6). After that, the supply side clamp 39 is closed (S7) and the blood pump 33 is driven (reverse drive) (S8). By driving the blood pump 33, physiological saline flows in the blood circuit 21, and while some air is captured in the air trap chamber 36, physiological saline circulates in the blood circuit 21 (see FIG. 2(c)). In the example of FIG. 2(c), the blood pump 33 is configured to be driven in the reverse direction, but the blood pump 33 may be configured to be driven in the forward direction.

[0033] After the physiological saline is circulated for a certain period of time, the amount of air flowing through the blood circuit 21 is detected by the air bubble detector 37 (S9). If it is determined that the amount of air flowing through the blood circuit 21 is not less than a certain value (S9: No) as a result of the detection, the process returns to S2, and the series of operations from S2 to S8 are repeated. As a result, the blood circuit 21 is gradually filled with physiological saline, and the amount of air in the blood circuit 21 is reduced. Then, if the air runs out in the blood circuit 21 and it is determined that the amount of air flowing through the blood circuit 21 is less than a certain value (S9: Yes), the priming operation is terminated. As a result, the blood circuit 21 is filled with physiological saline, and the blood circuit 21 is primed. When the physiological saline is aspirated from the storage bag 22 (S4), the physiological saline is also accumulated in the air trap chamber 36, so that the amount of physiological saline accumulated in the blood circuit 21 per aspiration increases, and the number of repetitions of the above series of operations (S2 to S8) can be reduced.

[0034] (Explanation of replacement liquid discharge operation) The substitution fluid discharge operation is an operation in which the blood purification device 1 discharges the substitution fluid filled in the blood circuit 21 when returning blood remaining in the blood circuit 21 to the patient C by filling the blood circuit 21 with substitution fluid (e.g., physiological saline) after blood treatment. The substitution fluid discharge operation is performed in a state in which the ends of the arterial blood piping 31 and the venous blood piping 32 are removed from the patient C and opened to air, as shown in Fig. 4. The substitution fluid discharge operation is performed in a state in which the third solenoid valve 73 and the supply side clamp 39 are closed. The control unit 24 executes the substitution fluid discharge operation.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, in the replacement fluid discharge operation, first, the arterial clamp 34 and the venous clamp 38 are closed (S11), and the second solenoid valve 72 is closed (S12). Then, the drainage pump 71 is driven (S13) (see FIG. 4(a)). That is, by driving the drainage pump 71 with the second solenoid valve 72 closed, the inside of the piping (within a predetermined area) from the drainage pump 71 to the second solenoid valve 72 and the third solenoid valve 73 is made negative (the pressure is lower than that of the blood circuit 21) and pressure is accumulated. This prevents the drainage in the drainage discharge flow path 53 from flowing back to the blood circuit 21 when the second solenoid valve 72 is opened. The determination of whether the inside of the piping from the drainage pump 71 to the second solenoid valve 72 and the third solenoid valve 73 is made negative or not is made, for example, based on the detection value of a pressure detection unit provided in the piping from the drainage pump 71 to the second solenoid valve 72 and the third solenoid valve 73. The pressure detection unit may be provided, for example, between the drainage pump 71 and the second solenoid valve 72 in the drainage discharge flow path 53, and may also serve as a dialysis fluid pressure sensor that detects (monitors) the dialysis fluid pressure in blood purification treatment. Alternatively, any sensor may be used for other purposes or exclusively.

[0036] After the pressure in the piping from the drainage pump 71 to the second solenoid valve 72 is negatively increased, the second solenoid valve 72 is opened (S14), the arterial clamp 34 and the venous clamp 38 are opened (S15), and the blood pump 33 is driven (S16). By opening the second solenoid valve 72 and driving the blood pump 33, the drainage pump 71 and the blood pump 33 are driven in a state in which the blood circuit 21 and the drainage discharge flow path 53 are connected via the dialyzer 10 so as to be capable of sending fluid. As a result, the drainage pump 71 draws the substitution fluid in the blood circuit 21 into the drainage discharge flow path 53 via the dialyzer 10. That is, the substitution fluid in the blood circuit 21 is drawn into the drainage discharge flow path 53 based on the accumulated pressure accumulated in S13. Specifically, by driving the drainage pump 71 and the blood pump 33, the substitution fluid in the venous blood piping 32 flows into the drainage discharge flow path 53 through the dialyzer 10 and is discharged while air is being introduced into the venous blood piping 32 by the pressure of the drainage pump 71, and the substitution fluid in the arterial blood piping 31 flows into the drainage discharge flow path 53 through the dialyzer 10 and is discharged while air is being introduced into the arterial blood piping 31 by the pressure of the blood pump 33 (see FIG. 4(b)). As a result, the substitution fluid in the blood circuit 21 is discharged through the drainage discharge flow path 53. If the flow rate of the drainage pump 71 and the flow rate of the blood pump 33 are equal, a phenomenon occurs in which only the substitution fluid in the arterial blood piping 31 is discharged and the substitution fluid in the venous blood piping 32 is not discharged. Therefore, the target flow rate of the drainage pump 71 is set higher than the target flow rate of the blood pump 33 by the flow rate at which the substitution fluid in the venous blood piping 32 is discharged.

[0037] When the replacement fluid has been discharged, the blood pump 33 is stopped (S17), the second solenoid valve 72 is closed (S18), and the drainage pump 71 is stopped (S19). This ends the replacement fluid discharge operation.

[0038] (Actions and Effects of the Embodiments) As described above, according to the configuration of the above embodiment, the drainage pump 71 is used to suction the blood circuit 21 during priming and replacement fluid discharge, so that priming and replacement fluid discharge can be performed quickly with a simple configuration. That is, the drainage pump 71, which applies pressure to the drainage fluid discharged from the dialyzer 10, can be driven independently of the supply pump 61, and the drainage pump 71 is used to suction the blood circuit 21, so that the blood circuit 21 can be suctioned at high pressure. This allows priming and replacement fluid discharge to be performed more quickly (for example, at a speed about 30 times faster than when a water removal pump is used), and there is no need to provide a separate high-pressure pump, allowing the blood purification device 1 to have a simple configuration.

[0039] (Modification) Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the invention according to the claims is not limited to the above-described embodiments. It should be noted that not all of the combinations of features described in the embodiments are necessarily essential to the means for solving the problems of the invention.

[0040] For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the system may further include an air bubble trap 101 (one example of an air bubble remover) that is disposed upstream of the drainage pump 71 in the drainage discharge flow path 53 and removes air bubbles in the drainage, and the dialysis fluid circuit 41 side of the communication flow path 40 (dialysis fluid circuit side communication piping 42) may be connected to the air bubble trap 101. In such a case, the air bubble trap 101 may include, for example, an air bubble detection sensor 101a that detects air bubbles in the drainage, and a degassing chamber 101b. For example, the dialysis fluid circuit 41 may further include a discharge flow path 102 that is connected to the drainage discharge flow path 53 and that bypasses the drainage pump 71 to discharge the liquid, and the air amount in the degassing chamber 101b is detected by the air bubble detection sensor 101a, and when the amount of air in the degassing chamber 101b becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined amount, the air in the degassing chamber 101b is discharged through the discharge flow path 102. According to this configuration, air can be prevented from entering the drainage pump 71 during the priming operation. This prevents the drainage pump 71 from losing its discharge power due to air entrapment. That is, this configuration allows the use of a small drainage pump 71 whose discharge power is reduced due to air entrapment, and the drainage pump 71 can be made smaller. In addition, since the air bubble trap 101 disposed upstream of the drainage pump 71 in the drainage discharge flow path 53 is also used for air removal during the priming operation, the single air bubble trap 101 can be used to remove air from the drainage during the dialysis treatment operation and the priming operation, and the blood purification device 1 can be configured simply.

[0041] 6, by arranging the air bubble detection sensor 101a upstream of the drainage pump 71 in the drainage discharge flow path 53, it is possible to prevent air from entering the drainage pump 71 even during the substitution fluid discharge operation. Furthermore, in the configuration shown in Fig. 6, when the substitution fluid in the blood circuit 21 is discharged to the drainage discharge flow path 53 (when the substitution fluid is discharged in the substitution fluid discharge operation), if the air bubble detection sensor 101a detects air bubbles in the substitution fluid, the substitution fluid is discharged through the discharge flow path 102, so that the substitution fluid can be discharged without introducing air into the drainage pump 71 during the substitution fluid discharge operation.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the substitution fluid is discharged through the dialyzer 10 in the substitution fluid discharge operation, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the substitution fluid may be discharged in the substitution fluid discharge operation by opening the third solenoid valve 73 while closing the second solenoid valve 72, and communicating the blood circuit 21 with the waste fluid discharge flow path 53 through the communication flow path 40. That is, the substitution fluid may be discharged in the substitution fluid discharge operation by driving the drainage pump 71 in a state in which the blood circuit 21 and the waste fluid discharge flow path 53 are communicated through the communication flow path 40. In this case, as in the priming operation, the drainage pump 71 is driven with the third solenoid valve 73 closed, and the inside of the piping (within a predetermined area) from the drainage pump 71 to the third solenoid valve 73 is negatively pressured and accumulated, and then the third solenoid valve 73 is opened to discharge the substitution fluid.

[0043] (Summary of the embodiment) Next, the technical ideas understood from the above-described embodiment will be described by using the reference numerals and the like in the embodiment. However, the reference numerals and the like in the following description do not limit the components in the claims to the members and the like specifically shown in the embodiment.

[0044] <1> A blood purification device (1) for purifying blood of a patient (C) through a blood purifier (10) having a built-in blood purification membrane, comprising: a blood circuit (21) for circulating the blood through the blood purifier (10); a dialysis fluid supply flow path (52) for supplying dialysis fluid to the blood purifier (10); a waste fluid discharge flow path (53) for discharging waste fluid from the blood purifier (10); a supply pump (61) disposed in the dialysis fluid supply flow path (52) and for applying pressure to the dialysis fluid to be supplied to the blood purifier (10); and a pump (62) disposed in the waste fluid discharge flow path (53) and for supplying the dialysis fluid to the blood purifier (10). and a drainage pump (71) configured to be separate from and independently drivable with respect to the blood purifier (10), and applying pressure to the drainage liquid for discharging it from the blood purifier (10). The blood purification device (1) includes: a drainage pump (71) configured to be separate from and independently drivable with respect to the blood purifier (10), and applying pressure to the drainage liquid for discharging it from the blood purifier (10), wherein the drainage pump (71) is driven in a state in which the blood circuit (21) and the drainage discharge flow path (53) are in fluid-transferable communication with each other via a communication flow path (40) that bypasses the blood purifier (10) and communicates between the blood circuit (21) and the drainage discharge flow path (53), or via the blood purifier (10). This allows priming and draining of the replacement fluid to be performed quickly with a simple configuration. <2> The blood purification device (1) according to <1>, further comprising: a storage section (22) connected to the blood circuit (21) via a supply piping (22a) for storing a priming liquid; and the communicating flow path (40), wherein the blood circuit (21) is communicated with the waste fluid discharge flow path (53) via the communicating flow path (40), and by driving the drainage pump (71), the priming liquid is filled from the storage section (22) into the blood circuit (21) to prime the blood circuit (21). This allows priming to be performed quickly with a simple configuration. <3> The blood purification device (1) according to <1> or <2>, further comprising an air bubble removal section (101) disposed upstream of the drainage pump (71) in the drainage discharge flow path (53) for removing air bubbles in the drainage, and the communicating flow path (40) is connected to the air bubble removal section (101). This prevents air from entering the drainage pump. <4> The blood purification device (1) described in <1> or <2>, wherein an on-off valve (73) for opening and closing the communicating flow path (40) is provided in the communicating flow path (40), and while the on-off valve (73) is closed to block the blood circuit (21) and the waste liquid discharge flow path (53), the drainage pump (71) is driven to accumulate pressure in a predetermined area of ​​the waste liquid discharge flow path (53) and the communicating flow path (40), and then the on-off valve (73) is opened to suck the liquid in the blood circuit (21) into the waste liquid discharge flow path (53) based on the accumulated pressure. This makes it possible to prevent the drainage liquid in the drainage discharge flow path from flowing back into the blood circuit. <5> A blood purification device (1) according to any one of <1> to <3>, in which, after blood purification treatment, the blood circuit (21) is filled with a replacement fluid, thereby returning blood remaining in the blood circuit (21) to the patient (C), and the replacement fluid is discharged into the waste fluid discharge flow path (53) while introducing air into the blood circuit (21) by driving the drainage pump (71) while the blood circuit (21) is connected to the waste fluid discharge flow path (53) via the blood purifier (10). This makes it possible to quickly drain the replacement liquid with a simple configuration. <6> The blood purification device (1) described in <5>, wherein a discharge side on-off valve (72) for opening and closing the waste liquid discharge flow path (53) is disposed upstream of the drainage pump (71) in the waste liquid discharge flow path (53), and with the drainage side on-off valve (72) closed, the drainage pump (71) is driven to accumulate pressure in a predetermined region of the waste liquid discharge flow path (53), and then the discharge side on-off valve (72) is opened, whereby liquid in the blood circuit (21) is sucked into the waste liquid discharge flow path (53) based on the accumulated pressure. This makes it possible to prevent the drainage liquid in the drainage discharge flow path from flowing back into the blood circuit. <7> The blood purification device (1) according to <5> or <6>, further comprising an air bubble detection sensor (101a) disposed upstream of the drainage pump (71) in the drainage discharge flow path (53) for detecting air bubbles in the drainage. This prevents air from entering the drainage pump. <8> The blood purification device (1) described in <7>, further comprising a discharge flow path (102) connected to the waste fluid discharge flow path (53) and discharging liquid by bypassing the drainage pump (71), wherein when the replacement fluid in the blood circuit (21) is discharged to the waste fluid discharge flow path (53), the replacement fluid is discharged from the discharge flow path (102) when the air bubble detection sensor (101a) detects air bubbles in the replacement fluid. This makes it possible to discharge the replacement fluid without introducing air into the drainage pump during the replacement fluid discharge operation. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 1: blood purification device, 10: dialyzer, 21: blood circuit, 22: storage bag, 22a: supply pipe, 40: communication flow path, 52: dialysis fluid supply flow path, 53: drainage flow path, 61: fluid supply pump, 71: drainage pump, 72: second solenoid valve, 73: third solenoid valve, 101: air bubble trap, 101a: air bubble detection sensor, 102: drainage flow path, C: patient

Claims

1. A blood purification device for purifying a patient's blood through a blood purifier incorporating a blood purification membrane, comprising: a blood circuit for circulating the blood through the blood purifier; a dialysate supply line for supplying dialysate to the blood purifier; a drainage discharge line for discharging the drainage from the blood purifier; a liquid supply pump disposed in the dialysate supply line for applying pressure to the dialysate to supply it to the blood purifier; a drainage pump disposed in the drainage discharge line, configured to be separate and independently drivable from the liquid supply pump, for applying pressure to the drainage discharged from the blood purifier; and a communication line that bypasses the blood purifier and connects the blood circuit and the drainage discharge line, or in a state where the blood circuit and the drainage discharge line are connected in a liquid-sendable manner through the blood purifier, by driving the drainage pump, sucking the liquid in the blood circuit into the drainage discharge line; a blood purification device.

2. a storage unit connected to the blood circuit through a supply pipe for storing a priming liquid; and the communication line; and in a state where the blood circuit and the drainage discharge line are connected through the communication line, by driving the drainage pump, filling the blood circuit with the priming liquid from the storage unit to prime the inside of the blood circuit; The blood purification device according to claim 1.

3. One end of the communication line is connected to the blood circuit, and the other end is directly connected to the upstream side of the drainage pump in the drainage discharge line, in a state where the blood circuit and the drainage discharge line are connected in a liquid-sendable manner through the communication line and without passing through the blood purifier, by driving the drainage pump, filling the blood circuit with the priming liquid from the storage unit to prime the inside of the blood circuit; The blood purification device according to claim 2.

4. further comprising a bubble removal unit disposed on the upstream side of the drainage pump in the drainage discharge line for removing bubbles in the drainage; the communication line is connected to the bubble removal unit; The blood purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. an on-off valve for opening and closing the communication line is disposed in the communication line; With the on-off valve closed to block the blood circuit and the drainage discharge channel, the drainage pump is driven to accumulate pressure within a predetermined region of the drainage discharge channel and the communication channel, and then the on-off valve is opened, thereby sucking the liquid within the blood circuit into the drainage discharge channel based on the accumulated pressure. The blood purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. After blood purification treatment, by filling the replacement fluid into the blood circuit, the blood remaining in the blood circuit is returned to the patient. With the blood circuit and the drainage discharge channel communicated via the blood purifier, the drainage pump is driven to discharge the replacement fluid into the drainage discharge channel while introducing air into the blood circuit. The blood purification device according to claim 1.

7. It further includes a blood pump disposed in the blood circuit for applying pressure to the blood. With the blood circuit and the drainage discharge channel communicated via the blood purifier, the blood pump is driven and the drainage pump is driven at a target flow rate higher than the target flow rate of the blood pump, thereby discharging the replacement fluid into the drainage discharge channel while introducing air into the blood circuit. The blood purification device according to claim 6.

8. An outlet side on-off valve for opening and closing the drainage discharge channel is disposed upstream of the drainage pump in the drainage discharge channel. With the outlet side on-off valve closed, the drainage pump is driven to accumulate pressure within a predetermined region of the drainage discharge channel, and then the outlet side on-off valve is opened, thereby sucking the liquid within the blood circuit into the drainage discharge channel based on the accumulated pressure. The blood purification device according to claim 6.

9. It further includes a bubble detection sensor disposed upstream of the drainage pump in the drainage discharge channel for detecting bubbles in the drainage. The blood purification device according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. It further includes a discharge channel connected to the drainage discharge channel for bypassing the drainage pump and discharging the liquid. When discharging the replacement fluid within the blood circuit into the drainage discharge channel, when the bubble detection sensor detects bubbles in the replacement fluid, the replacement fluid is discharged through the discharge channel. The blood purification device according to claim 9.

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