Battery pack and electric vehicle

Abstract

To provide a battery pack which is greatly improved in rigidity and strength, thereby improving mechanical safety and reliability, and also to provide a battery pack capable of enhancing the structural strength of a vehicle.SOLUTION: There is provided a battery pack that includes a battery array 101 including a plurality of battery cells, and two first reinforcing plates 104. Each of the battery cells is defined with a length L, a thickness D, and a height H between the length L and the thickness D. A plurality of single cells 102 are arranged along a thickness direction, and adhered to each other by a structural adhesive. The two first reinforcing plates are arranged opposite to each other and respectively adhered to two surfaces of the battery array along the arrangement direction of the single cells, and constrain relative positions between the single cells.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] (CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application was filed by BYD Company Limited on November 29, 2019. In addition, the Chinese patent application for the invention "Battery Pack and Electric Vehicle" No. "2019111981 This application claims priority from US Pat. No. 32.9, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This shall be included.

[0002] This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to battery packs and electric vehicles. [Background technology]

[0003] In the related art, the battery pack includes a tray and a sealing cover, and the battery module The tray is positioned within a receiving cavity defined by the tray and the sealing cover. The tray includes a bottom plate and side beams connected to the periphery of the bottom plate to increase the rigidity and strength of the tray. In order to support the battery module, horizontal and / or vertical beams are provided in the tray for reinforcement. The battery is secured to the transverse and / or longitudinal beams by screws or other structural members. The batteries and structural components inside the pack are all scattered throughout the pack and are integrated using fastening members or adhesive technology. Therefore, this type of battery pack has a high degree of integration from the system level. This allows the battery pack to be mounted on the vehicle without any need for a special structure. The vehicle level mechanical safety performance cannot be met by only the Therefore, the battery pack and the vehicle It is not possible to actually realize compactness and weight reduction of the vehicle. The overall cost is high and the vehicle This results in a complicated structural design of the battery pack. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, a battery according to a first aspect of the present application is provided. The pack has a length L, a thickness D and a height H between the length L and the thickness D, a battery array including a plurality of unit cells arranged along the line and bonded by a structural adhesive; , and are provided on opposite sides of each other and are aligned along the direction in which the unit cells are arranged. Two first electrodes for bonding to the surface to constrain the relative position between the cells. and a reinforcing plate.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present application, the two first reinforcing plates are each The material is bonded to two opposing surfaces along the length direction.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, at least one of the cells has a length of 600 mm≦L≦2 500mm and satisfies 10≦L / D≦208.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack is provided along the height direction of the unit cell. The battery array includes a plurality of layers of battery arrays, and a partition plate is provided between adjacent two layers of battery arrays. The partition plate is fixedly attached to the battery arrays located on both sides of the partition plate. do.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, a second auxiliary cell is provided between at least two adjacent cells. A strong plate is provided, and the second reinforcing plate is fixed to the unit cells located on both sides of the second reinforcing plate. It can be pasted on the target.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack further includes a top cover and a tray. The tray includes a bottom plate and a side frame provided around the bottom plate, and the top cover is a battery receiving cavity connected to the tray, the battery array being Located within the container cavity.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the two first reinforcing plates are respectively connected to the upper cover and constitute the bottom plate.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack further includes a protective plate, is located on the outer surface of the base plate.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the protective plate comprises a two-layer aluminum plate and a two-layer aluminum It includes a steel plate or a foamed aluminum plate sandwiched between aluminum plates. Alternatively, the protective plate may include two fiber composite layers and a radiator sandwiched between the two fiber composite layers. The composite layer may comprise a foam polymer layer, and the composite fiber layer may comprise a glass fiber layer or a carbon fiber layer.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the outer surfaces of the two first reinforcing plates are The inner surface of the outer cover and the inner surface of the bottom plate are bonded to each other.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, at least one of the bottom plate and the top cover Two layers of aluminum plates and a steel plate or foamed aluminum sandwiched between the two layers of aluminum plates Including aluminum plate, Alternatively, at least one of the bottom plate and the top cover is made of two fiber composite layers and a front The fiber composite layer includes a foamed polymer layer sandwiched between two fiber composite layers, the fiber composite layers being made of glass fiber. The laminate may include a fiber layer or a carbon fiber layer.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, a seal groove is provided at a position corresponding to the side frame of the upper cover. a sealant layer is provided in the seal groove; and the upper cover and the tray are The sealant layer provides a sealing connection.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, a structural adhesive is applied to the gap between the battery array and the side frame. The agent is filled.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the cells are disposed opposite each other along the length. The side frames include first and second ends that are spaced apart from each other along the length of the cell. a first side frame and a second side frame disposed on opposite sides of each other, and a first end of the cell is The first end of the cell is supported by the first side frame, and the second end of the cell is supported by the second side frame.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the first side frame is provided with a first support step, The second side frame is provided with a second support step, and the first end of the unit cell is supported by the first support step. and a second end of the cell is supported by the second support step.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack further comprises a support structure, between a first end of the cell and the first side frame and / or between a second end of the cell and the second side frame. The space between the side frames is fitted and supported by the support structure.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the support structure includes a first support block, The lower surface of the first end of the battery is supported on the first side frame by the first support block. and / or the lower surface of the second end of the cell is supported by the first support block. It is supported by the second side frame.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the support structure includes a second support block, The side of the first end of the battery facing the first side frame is supported by the second support block. A first side frame is fitted to the first side frame and / or faces the second side frame of the second end of the cell. The side surface is fitted to the second side frame by the second support block.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the cell includes an electrode terminal, and the electrode terminal is The support structure is provided at a first end and a second end of the cell, respectively, and an aperture is provided in the support structure. The electrode terminals of the cells are electrically connected to each other by a cell connector passing through the opening. do.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack further includes an insulating partition plate, An insulating divider is positioned between the support structure and the inner surface of the side frame.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack is arranged such that the cells are aligned in a direction parallel to each other. The third side frame and the fourth side frame are provided on the opposite side, The frames are attached and fixed to the adjacent cells.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the third side frame and / or the fourth side frame may include a reinforcing beam. A reinforcing beam is provided, the reinforcing beam limiting the expansion of the battery array.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, the first reinforcing plate has a thickness of 1 to 3 mm.

[0027] An electric vehicle according to a second aspect of the present application includes the battery pack described above.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The two opposite surfaces along the direction of battery arrangement are used to restrict the relative position between the cells. By providing two first reinforcing plates, when bonding the unit cells to each other, two adjacent The weak points present in the gaps between the single cells are removed, and the two first reinforcing plates and the battery array are The honeycomb structure allows the battery pack to be a highly rigid, integrated structural member. This honeycomb structure has high instability resistance, high bending rigidity and light weight. The effect is clear, as the rigidity and strength of the battery pack are greatly improved, improving mechanical safety and reliability. The structural strength of the integrated battery pack during use is incorporated into the structural strength of the vehicle. This allows the battery pack to strengthen the structural strength of the vehicle and protect the battery pack in the vehicle. This design protects the structural strength of the battery pack in the vehicle frame. The design structure of the vehicle is simplified or omitted, the design requirements for reducing the vehicle weight are met, and the design and manufacture of the vehicle are simplified or omitted. This can reduce manufacturing costs and improve vehicle manufacturing efficiency. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a first reinforcing plate adhered to a battery array according to the present application. [Diagram 2] 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to the present application; [Diagram 3] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a battery array according to the present application. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration in which a battery array according to the present application is positioned inside a tray. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a battery array according to the present application being attached to a tray and an upper cover. [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a battery array according to the present application being fitted into a side frame of a tray. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first support structure according to the present application. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a second support structure according to the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a second support structure, a cell connector, and an insulating end cover according to the present application. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a first reinforcing plate according to the present application adhered to a bottom plate of a tray. [Figure 12] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration in which a protective plate is provided on the outer surface of a bottom plate according to the present application. [Figure 13] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration in which a second reinforcing plate is provided in the battery array according to the present application. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a unit cell according to the present application. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0030] As shown in FIG. 1, the battery pack 100 according to the present application has a length L, a thickness D, and The structural adhesive 1011 is arranged along the thickness direction and has a height H between the thickness D and the structural adhesive 1011. The battery array 101 includes a plurality of unit cells 102 bonded to each other by a bonding wire. and is bonded to two surfaces of the battery array 101 along the arrangement direction of the cells 102. The two first reinforcing plates 104 are arranged to hold the relative positions of the cells 102 together. include.

[0031] In the prior art, a plurality of cells 102 are first assembled into a battery module, and then a plurality of The battery modules are assembled into a battery pack 100 by bonding with fastening members or structural adhesives. In this way, the batteries and structures within the battery pack 100 are relatively scattered, with no gaps between the fasteners and the batteries. There are many gaps between the batteries, between the batteries, and between the fastening parts. There are weak points on the battery pack 100, and the entire battery pack 100 is subject to external pressure or impact. When an external force is applied, these weak points are destroyed first, and the fastening members and adhesive are destroyed. The fastening action will be lost and the entire battery pack 100 will be destroyed quickly.

[0032] In order to resist destruction by external forces, the housing of the battery pack 100 in the related art is By improving the strength of the battery pack 100, it is possible to resist the impact of an external force. To improve strength, the bottom plate 1035 of the tray 103 may be made of higher strength steel or thicker. Alternatively, the tray 103 is provided in a multi-layer structure having a cavity. In either case, the reinforcing ribs are provided in the battery pack structure. It is necessary to increase the weight or reduce the limited space available in the battery pack 100. Reduces energy density by 100.

[0033] In the present application, the cells 102 are bonded together to form a battery array 101. A first reinforcing plate 104 is bonded to two surfaces on opposite sides along the arrangement direction of the cells 102, The two first reinforcing plates 104 are arranged to restrict the relative positions of the plurality of single cells 102 and to hold the plurality of single cells 102 together. The cells 102 can be connected to an integral structure, which is present between the cells 102. This eliminates weak points due to gaps between the battery pack 100 and the battery pack 100, making the battery pack 100 extremely rigid. On the other hand, the two first reinforcing plates 104 and the two first The battery array 101 located between the reinforcing plates 104 forms a honeycomb structure and has a mechanical angle. When analyzed from a force perspective, the honeycomb structure can withstand the most force with the least amount of material. When the battery array 101 is subjected to a load perpendicular to the first reinforcing plate 104, the first reinforcing plate 10 The battery pack 100 has a significantly improved rigidity and strength. This improves mechanical safety and reliability.

[0034] In the present application, as shown in FIG. 14, the unit cell 102 is a rectangular cell having a thickness of two first surfaces opposite each other in a direction; two second surfaces opposite each other in a height direction; and two third surfaces opposed to each other in the longitudinal direction, the area of ​​the first surface being less than the area of ​​the second surface. and the area of ​​the first surface is greater than the area of ​​the third surface.

[0035] The cells 102 are arranged in the thickness direction, and a structural adhesive is applied between the cells 102. That is, the first surfaces of the cells 102 are fixedly attached to each other. For example, the cells 102 are arranged and bonded together so that their large surfaces face each other. As a result, the adhesion area of ​​the cells 102 is improved, and the adhesive strength between the cells 102 is increased. Can be done, In the arrangement direction of the cells 102, the cells 102 are unlikely to shift from one another. Therefore, the two first reinforcing plates 104 are arranged in the battery array 1 along the arrangement direction of the single cells 102. The relative positions of the cells 102 are controlled by bonding the cells 102 to two opposite surfaces of the cell 101. It becomes easier to restrain.

[0036] In the present application, the two first reinforcing plates 104 are bonded to the two second surfaces of the cells 102. Alternatively, the electrodes may be attached to the two third surfaces of the cells 102.

[0037] In the present application, the length of the cell 102 is greater than its height, and the height is greater than its thickness. The area of ​​the second surface, which is defined by the length and thickness, is the area of ​​the third surface, which is defined by the height and thickness. In order to increase the adhesive strength, it is preferable to use two first reinforcing plates 10. 4 is adhered to the second surface of the cell 102.

[0038] In the present application, both of the two surfaces of all the cells 102 along the arrangement direction are the first reinforcement. The plate 104 may be bonded to the two surfaces along the arrangement direction of only a part of the cells 102. Either of these may be directly bonded to the first reinforcing plate 104.

[0039] That is, in the present application, the two second surfaces or the two third surfaces of some of the cells are The second surface or the second surface of the other part of the cells 102 may be bonded to the reinforcing plate 104 of the other part of the cells 102. The third surface may not be bonded to the first reinforcing plate 104 .

[0040] In order to improve the adhesive strength, the unit cell 10 is directly bonded to the two first reinforcing plates 104. The number 2 is equal to or more than half the number of unit cells included in the battery array 101.

[0041] For at least one unit cell 102 in the battery array 101, The two second surfaces or the two third surfaces are both bonded to the two first reinforcing plates 104. One of the two second surfaces or the two third surfaces of the cell 102 may be The first surface is bonded to the first stiffening plate 104, and the other surface is not bonded to the first stiffening plate 104. It's okay.

[0042] In the present application, the entire area of ​​the two second surfaces or the two third surfaces of the single cell 102 is a first complementary The second surface of some of the cells 102 may be adhered to the strong plate 104, and some areas of the second surface or the third surface of some of the cells 102 may be adhered to the strong plate 104. A partial area of ​​the surface of the first reinforcing plate 104 may be bonded to the first reinforcing plate 104 .

[0043] In order to improve the strength of the entire battery pack 100, the present application preferably uses a battery array The two second surfaces or the two third surfaces of all the cells 102 in 101 are The first reinforcing plate 104 is also bonded to the first reinforcing plate 104, thereby maximizing the strength and rigidity of the battery pack 100. can be improved to.

[0044] In the present application, the shape and area of ​​the two first reinforcing plates 104 are not particularly limited. The reinforcing plate 104 itself has a certain strength and can connect the battery array 101 together. Therefore, the structural strength of the battery array 101 can be increased and the battery array 101 is less likely to deform. It is sufficient to satisfy the above.

[0045] In some embodiments, the shape of the first reinforcing plate 104 is determined based on the shape of the first reinforcing plate 104 of the battery array 101. The stiffener 104 is provided in conformity with and corresponds to the shape of the surface to which it is bonded. The reinforcing plate 104 of No. 1 can be attached to the surface of the battery array 101 more easily.

[0046] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the first reinforcing plate 104 is the first reinforcing plate of the battery array 101. The area of the surface to which the reinforcing plate 104 is adhered may be different, as long as the strength of the battery pack 100 meets the requirements and the first reinforcing plate 104 can integrally connect the battery array 101. When this is the case, the area of the first reinforcing plate 104 may be smaller than the area of the surface of the battery array 101 to which the first reinforcing plate 104 is adhered. 、

[0047] In some embodiments, at least one first reinforcing plate 104 is an L-shaped plate body. The horizontal part of the L-shaped plate body is provided by being bonded to the second surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101. The vertical part of the L is provided by being bonded to the third surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101. Alternatively, the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate body is provided by being bonded to the third surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101. 、 The vertical part of the L is provided by being bonded to the second surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101.

[0048] In some embodiments, at least one first reinforcing plate 104 is a U-shaped plate body. The horizontal part of the U-shaped plate body is provided by being bonded to the second surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101. The two vertical parts of the U are provided by being bonded to the third surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101. Alternatively, the horizontal part of the U-shaped plate body is provided by being bonded to the third surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101. 、 The two vertical parts of the U are provided by being bonded to the second surface of the single battery 102 in the battery array 101.

[0049] At the edge of the first reinforcing plate 104, there are bends bent to the side surface of the battery array 101. ​​​​​By providing the battery array 101 with the above-mentioned portions, the strength and structural stability of the entire battery array 101 can be improved. can.

[0050] In the present application, the first reinforcing plate 104 and the unit cells 102 in the battery array 101 are honeycomb The first reinforcing plate 104 and the single cells 102 in the battery array 101 are arranged in a coordinated manner. The deformation of the first reinforcing plate 104 simultaneously deforms the unit cell 102, and the unit cell 1 This corresponds to increasing the additional bending moment on the first surface of 02, As the thickness of the first reinforcing plate 104 increases, the strength of the honeycomb structure decreases. However, the increase in thickness of the first reinforcing plate 104 increases the strength of the structure. There is a maximum value in the increase in strength of the cam-like structure. The reasons for this are as follows. By increasing the thickness of the reinforcing plate 104, the bending rigidity of the first reinforcing plate 104 is improved, and the first reinforcing plate When the thickness of the strong plate 104 is increased to a certain extent, the strength of the honeycomb structure is increased by the battery array 10. Eventually, the first reinforcing plate 104 becomes unstable and collapses. The inventors of the present application have found through multiple experiments that the honeycomb structure loses its supporting capacity. When the thickness of the first reinforcing plate 104 is 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 1 to 3 mm, the thickness By using the first reinforcing plate 104 within the range of thickness, the honeycomb structure can achieve the optimal reinforcing effect. I discovered that.

[0051] In the present application, the first reinforcing plates 104 are all made of a metal material.

[0052] The first reinforcing plate 104 made of a metal material protects the internal unit cells 102 while improving the heat dissipation effect. The first reinforcing plate 104 can be made of a metal material having high thermal conductivity. Examples of such materials include, but are not limited to, aluminum, copper and its alloys.

[0053] In actual implementation, the first reinforcing plate 104 is made of aluminum, which has high thermal conductivity and low density. It may be made of a miniature alloy material.

[0054] As shown in FIGS. 1, 6, and 14, the length direction of the cell 102 is defined as the Y direction. , the height direction is defined as the Z direction, and the thickness direction is defined as the X direction.

[0055] The unit cell 102 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped structure. The unit cell 102 may be a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube. It may be roughly rectangular or cuboidal, with some local irregularities, or Although there are notches, protrusions, chamfers, bends, and curved parts, the overall shape is roughly rectangular or vertical. It can be understood that the shape may be a rectangular shape.

[0056] In some embodiments, the cell 102 has a length of 600 mm≦L≦2500 mm and The relationship 0≦L / D≦208 is satisfied.

[0057] The unit cell 102 is long and thin, and can be regarded as a rigid member with high strength. This can be done by placing a reinforcing rib in the housing, which acts well as a reinforcing beam within the housing. This can reduce the use of the battery pack 100 as a whole, thus reducing the weight of the battery pack 100. This not only helps to reduce the size of the housing, but also simplifies the housing structure considerably, By improving the space utilization rate of the battery pack 100 and the energy density of the battery pack 100, Helpful.

[0058] In some embodiments, the cell 102 may include multiple layers of electrodes in the height direction (i.e., Z direction). A battery array 101 is provided, and a partition plate is provided between two adjacent battery arrays 101. The partition plate is fixedly attached to the battery arrays 101 located on both sides of the partition plate. can be done.

[0059] In this embodiment, a partition plate is provided between the two layers of the battery array 101, The battery array 101 and the partition plates or panels located on the upper and lower surfaces of the battery array 101 are A number of U-shaped beam structures are formed to form a honeycomb structure, thereby improving the rigidity and It is possible to significantly improve strength and mechanical safety and reliability.

[0060] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 13, the overall strength of the battery pack 100 may be further increased. To improve the performance, a second reinforcement plate 108 is provided between at least two adjacent cells 102. By providing the second reinforcing plate 108, the battery array 101 is It is possible to absorb the impact force well and improve the mechanical strength of the entire battery array 101. do.

[0061] In the present application, the second reinforcing plate 108 may be an aluminum plate or a steel plate. The number of the strong plate 108 is not limited and may be one or more. The number of the second reinforcing plate 108 is In the case of a plurality of batteries, the second reinforcing plate 108 is provided between every two adjacent batteries 102. Alternatively, a second reinforcing plate 108 may be provided between only some of the adjacent cells 102. This may also be the case.

[0062] To facilitate tight stacking of the cells 102 throughout the battery pack 100, several In some embodiments, the shape of the second reinforcing plate 108 is substantially similar to the shape of the cell 102. In other words, a "dummy cell" can be manufactured. The cell is the same as the single cell 102, but the inside of the "dummy cell" is a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. A "dummy cell" may be understood herein to mean a cell that does not have a configured electrode assembly. It simply serves as a reinforcement.

[0063] The second reinforcing plate 108 is fixedly attached to the unit cells 102 located on both sides. This improves the overall structure of the battery pack 100.

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the battery pack 100 includes a top cover 105 and a tray 103, the tray 103 further comprising a bottom plate 1035 and a periphery of the bottom plate 1035. The upper cover 105 and the tray 103 are connected to form a battery housing case. The battery array 101 is positioned within the battery-receiving cavity.

[0065] In some embodiments, the two first reinforcing plates 104 are respectively a top cover 105 and It constitutes the bottom plate 1035 .

[0066] In other words, the two surfaces of the battery array 101 are the top cover 105 and the bottom plate 10 Glued to 35.

[0067] In this embodiment, the surface of the battery array 101 facing the top cover 105 is 05, and the surface of the battery array 101 facing the bottom plate 1035 is adhered to the bottom plate 1035. As a result, the two opposite surfaces of the battery array 101 are both battery packs 10 10 and a single cell 102 is attached to the housing of the battery pack 100. and improve the integrity of the battery by eliminating any gaps between the fastening members and the batteries, any gaps between the batteries, and any gaps between the fastening members and the batteries. This reduces the gap between the battery pack 100 and the fastening member, and also reduces the number of weak points in the battery pack 100. This reduces the strength and rigidity of the entire battery pack 100.

[0068] In some embodiments, one of the first reinforcing plates 104 is attached to the inner surface of the top cover 105. The other first reinforcing plate 104 is bonded to the inner surface of the bottom plate 1035 (not shown). The battery array 101 of this type is a housing for the battery pack 100. The casing is indirectly bonded to the housing, facilitating assembly and processing.

[0069] In some embodiments, the top cover 105 and / or the tray 103 are of multi-layer composite construction. The battery pack 100 may be constructed in such a manner that it can withstand impacts from a vehicle and has improved structural strength. It is possible.

[0070] In this embodiment, the bottom plate 1035 of the battery pack 100 is made of a sandwich composite material. The bottom plate 1035 can be designed to have a structural strength capable of supporting the entire battery module. The battery is designed with a composite plate structure to improve the support strength of the battery bottom and to prevent flying stones and impacts at the bottom. The bottom support strength function and liquid cooling function may be integrated into the battery.

[0071] For example, in some specific embodiments, the multi-layer composite structure may include two layers of aluminum sheets. and a steel plate or a foamed aluminum plate sandwiched between the two layers of aluminum plate, i.e. That is, is the multi-layer composite structure aluminum plate / foam aluminum plate / aluminum plate? , or a multi-layer composite structure such as aluminum plate / steel plate / aluminum plate.

[0072] In another specific embodiment, the multi-layer composite structure comprises two fiber composite layers and a fiber composite layer. The laminate includes a layer of foam material interposed between the laminate layers.

[0073] The foam material layer may be a foamed polymer such as a polyurethane foam or a phenolic foam material. The foam layer has low thermal conductivity and provides a high heat retention effect. In addition, the density of the foam material is low, and the seal cover is made of steel plate or aluminum alloy. The battery pack 100 is lighter than that of the conventional battery pack 100.

[0074] The fiber composite layer includes a glass fiber layer and / or a carbon fiber layer. The layers are glass fiber layer / foam material layer / glass fiber layer, carbon fiber layer / foam material layer / carbon fiber layer. , or a glass fiber layer / a foam material layer / a carbon fiber layer. The cover 105 and / or the tray 103 are distributed on the inside and outside of the foam material layer. The fiber composite layer is designed to have high tensile strength and elastic modulus, and the battery pack 100 When the internal pressure of the product increases within a certain range, it will not deform, and it has flame-proof and insulating properties. It can also dissipate heat effectively, improving the safety performance of the battery pack 100 in extreme conditions. .

[0075] The structural strength of the integrated battery pack 100 can be part of the structural strength of the vehicle, and the battery The pack 100 enhances the structural strength of the vehicle and supports the battery pack 100 in the frame of the vehicle. Simplify the design structure to protect the structural strength, meet the design requirements for vehicle weight reduction, and reduce the weight of the vehicle This reduces design and manufacturing costs and improves overall vehicle manufacturing efficiency.

[0076] In some embodiments, the bottom plate 1035 of the tray 103 is directly engineered into a multi-layer composite structure. In this case, if the bottom plate 1035 of the tray 103 is damaged by an external force, the bottom plate 1035 may be damaged by the single cells. Since it is bonded integrally with the bottom plate 1032, it is difficult to replace the bottom plate 1035 and to perform maintenance.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 12, for example, two first reinforcing plates 1 In the embodiment in which the tray 103 and the tray 104 constitute the top cover 105 and the bottom plate 1035, respectively, The bottom plate 1035 of the tray 103 is a single-layer aluminum plate. A protective plate 111 is provided, and the protective plate 111 is a multi-layer composite structure. Direct damage to the power battery pack 100 due to flying stones and collisions received by the bottom of the power battery pack 100 It can effectively protect against accidental damage, and the lightweight design structure prevents flying stones and impact resistance at the bottom. It meets the collision requirements and has high safety and reliability. At the same time, the composite material of the bottom protection plate 111 The bottom plate 1035 is removable and has environmental reliability such as corrosion resistance and aging resistance. It is structurally designed to be highly protective and compact in structure, and has the potential to be used for future after-sales maintenance. This makes maintenance easier and significantly reduces after-sales maintenance costs.

[0078] The protective plate 111 has a multi-layer composite structure, and is the same as that described above, so the description will be omitted here. Omitted.

[0079] The protective plate 111 and the frame of the tray 103 of the battery pack 100 are joined by rivets and automatic punching. It can be designed to use a variety of connection fastening methods such as beds, bolted connections, etc. It is removable to facilitate maintenance, repair and inspection.

[0080] As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, there is a seal groove at a position corresponding to the side frame of the upper cover 105. The seal groove is provided with a sealant layer, and the upper cover 105 and the tray 103 are provided with a sealant layer. The layers provide a sealing connection.

[0081] In this embodiment, the seal groove may be provided only in the top cover 105 and not in the side frame. Alternatively, a seal groove may be provided in both the upper cover 105 and the side frame.

[0082] In this embodiment, the upper cover 105 and the side frame are fixed by riveting or bolt fastening. The battery pack 100 can be sealed and fixed together, thereby improving the sealing performance of the entire battery pack 100. and improves structural strength.

[0083] A seal is provided at the seal fitting portion between the beam of the battery side frame and the upper cover 105. The groove is designed to fit the sealant and the seal groove to the battery side frame or top cover 105. This ensures a good seal and fixation between the side frame and the top cover 105.

[0084] A structural adhesive is filled between the battery array 101 and the inner surface of the side frame. The gap between 101 and the side frame is always a weak point, so fill it with structural adhesive. This bonds the unit cells 102 and the side frames together, improving their strength.

[0085] As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in some embodiments, the cell 102 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The side frame includes a first end and a second end that are disposed on opposite sides along a length direction of the side frame. A first side frame 1031 and a second side frame 103 are provided on opposite sides of the frame 102 along the longitudinal direction. 2, and the single battery 102 is provided between a first side frame 1031 and a second side frame 1032. The first end of the cell 102 is supported by a first side frame 1031, and the second end of the cell 102 is supported by a first side frame 1032. The end portion is supported by the second side frame 1032. In other words, the cell 102 is supported by the first side frame 1032. 031 and the second side frame 1032.

[0086] The cell 102 extends between a first side frame 1031 and a second side frame 1032. The two ends of the battery 10 are supported by a first side frame 1031 and a second side frame 1032, respectively. 2 itself can be used as a horizontal or vertical beam to reinforce the structural strength of the housing. In other words, there is no need to provide the housing with a reinforcing structure for reinforcing its structural strength. The battery 102 itself directly replaces the reinforcing structure to ensure the structural strength of the housing. This ensures that the ring is not easily deformed by external forces.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, the first side frame 1031 is provided with a first support step 1034. The second side frame 1032 is provided with a second support step, and the first end of the unit cell 102 is The first end of the cell 102 is supported by a first support step 1034, and the second end of the cell 102 is supported by a second support step. will be done.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present application, the first end of the cell 102 is directly connected to the first side frame 1031. The second end of the cell 102 may be directly or indirectly supported by a second side frame 1032. The cell 102 may be directly or indirectly supported by the first end of the cell 102. The second end of the cell 102 is directly in contact with the side frame 1031 and is fitted and supported by the second side frame 1031. 1032.

[0089] As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the battery pack 100 further includes a support structure. The first end of the battery 102 is fitted and supported by the first side frame 1031 through the support structure. The second end is supported by a support structure that mates with the second side frame 1032 .

[0090] Here, fitting refers to fitting one battery 102 into the space between the two side frames. This refers to the fact that such fitting can be loose fitting, interference fitting, fastening fitting, fixed fitting, etc. Various fitting methods such as those described above may be used, thereby achieving the object of the present application.

[0091] By providing a support structure between both ends of the single battery 102 in the length direction and the side frame, the battery array It can serve to reinforce the strength of (101) and the battery frame.

[0092] When the side frame is subjected to an external force, plastic deformation occurs, and the ends of the unit cells 102 in the length direction and If there is a large gap between the side frame and the battery, the force cannot be transmitted between the side frame and the battery. The frame cannot provide reinforcement for the battery array 101, but it can provide a support structure. When the side frame is provided, even if the side frame is subjected to an external force, the single battery 102 itself is a rigid member with high strength, and is supported. The support structure transmits force to the side frame, preventing plastic deformation of the side frame.

[0093] Specifically, in some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 15, the support structure may include: The cell 102 includes a first support block 106, and a lower surface of the first end of the cell 102 is supported by the first support block 106. The lock 106 supports the first side frame 1031 and / or the first battery 102. The lower surface of the second end is supported by the first support block 106 on the second side frame 1032. .

[0094] The first support blocks 106 are attached to the lower surface of each of the two ends of the cell 102 in the longitudinal direction. When the cells 102 are arranged in the battery array 101, While it can perform a positioning function, the bottom plate 1035 of the single cell 102 and the tray 103 The side frame can provide insulation for the first support block 10. 6, which is integrally connected to the lower end surface of the cell 102, and which improves the strength of the entire battery pack 100. and the rigidity can be improved.

[0095] The lower surface of the first end of the cell 102 is supported by a first support block 106. The first side frame 1031 may be supported by the first side frame 1031, or may be supported by a support step on the first side frame 1031. Preferably, the lower surface of the second end of the cell 102 is supported by a first support block 106. , may be supported by the second side frame 1032, and may be supported by a support step on the second side frame 1032. This is also fine.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application, the support structure includes a second support block 107. The side surface of the first end of the pond 102 facing the first side frame 1031 is connected to the second support block 10 7 to be fitted to the first side frame 1031 and / or the second end of the cell 102 The side surface of the second support block 107 facing the side frame 1032 is supported by the second support block 107. and are fitted together.

[0097] The cell 102 includes electrode terminals, the electrode terminals being connected to a first end of the cell 102 and The support structure is provided at the second end, and has an opening 1071 therein, and the plurality of cells 10 The electrode terminal of the second electrode is electrically connected to the cell connector 110 through the opening 1071. can be.

[0098] In the first embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 14, a battery pack 100 includes an insulating The insulating partition 109 is disposed between the support structure and the inner surface of the side frame. The insulating partition plate is disposed between the cell connector 110 and the electrode terminals and the side frames. This prevents short circuits and safety issues from occurring.

[0099] As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 15, the second support structure is attached to the side of the electrode terminal and is a single The cell connector 110 of the battery 102 and the flexible circuit board FPC can be fixed. do.

[0100] The electrode terminals of the cells 102 are also weakly supported by the second support block 107. The pole terminal can be protected, and if the second support block 107 is not provided, the side frame may be damaged by external force. When the battery pack 100 is subjected to an impact or pressure, the battery pack 100 is directly affected by the electrode terminals, causing the battery pack 100 to fail. It is easy to wake up.

[0101] In the present application, the specific structure of the support structure is not limited, and it is assumed that the support structure has a certain strength and is resistant to external forces. In some embodiments, the material of the support structure is polycarbonate. Polyether plastic (PPS), glass fiber, polycarbonate, or Includes multiple species.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present application, the side frames are provided on the opposite sides along the arrangement direction of the cells 102. The third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame 1034 are connected to each other. The third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame are arranged in parallel between them. Each is attached and fixed to the adjacent cell 102 .

[0103] The third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame form the battery array 101 and the side frame together. The side frames clamp the battery array 101 along the arrangement direction of the cells 102.

[0104] That is, the third side frame 1033 is provided adjacent to the single battery 1033. A biasing force is applied to the fourth side frame to the fourth side frame. The fourth side frame is provided adjacent to the fourth side frame. By applying a biasing force toward the third side frame 1033 to the unit cells 102, the unit cells 102 are The batteries 102 can be closely arranged between the third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame, The cells 102 can be attached to each other between the cells 102. The fourth side frame can restrict the positions of the plurality of single cells 102, and in particular, the single cells 10 2 expands slightly, providing a cushioning and inward pushing force against the cell 102. This serves the purpose of preventing the expansion and deformation of the battery cell 102 from becoming too large. .

[0105] In order to further solve the expansion problem of the battery array 101, the third side frame 1033 and / or The fourth side frame is provided with a reinforcing beam, and the reinforcing beam is in close contact with the outer surface of the adjacent unit cell. Or a certain gap can be preset, and the battery array 101 can be expanded. Acts as a position limiter.

[0106] The side frame and the bottom plate 1035 of the tray 103 may be attached with a structural adhesive. They may be directly welded or bolted together, and the side frames may be one-piece frames; In the present application, the side frames are preferably separate formwork, i.e. The first side frame 1031, the second side frame 1032, the third side frame 1033, and the fourth side frame are separated. The two side frames can be spaced apart and further reinforced with fasteners at the connection points of the two side frames.

[0107] In the following steps 1 to 7, the cell 102 is a rectangular parallelepiped battery, and the electrode terminals of the cell 102 The terminals are provided at both ends of the cell 102 in the longitudinal direction, and the first side frame 1031 and the second side frame 1032, the third side frame 1033, and the fourth side frame are separate forms, and the two first reinforcing plates For example, 104 respectively constitute the top cover 105 and the bottom plate 1035 of the battery pack. Next, a method for assembling the battery pack 100 will be described.

[0108] In step 1, a plurality of unit cells 102 are arranged in a battery array along the thickness direction. The cells 102 are aligned in the height direction, the cells 102 are aligned in the length direction, and the structure between the cells 102 is The arrangement direction of the unit cells 102 is set as the X direction. The length direction of 2 is set as the Y direction.

[0109] In step 2, the two outermost cells 102 of the battery array 101 are The third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame are respectively provided on the first surface of the two opposite sides having the largest area. (This direction is not the direction in which the electrode terminals are pulled out.)

[0110] In step 3, the first side frames 103 are attached to the two end faces of the battery array 101 along the Y direction. First and second side frames 1032 are provided.

[0111] In step 4, the first side frame 1031, the second side frame 1032, the third side frame 1033, and The connection points with the fourth side frame are connected by welding or fastening members (bolts, etc.).

[0112] In step 4, the two opposite sides of the battery array 101 in the arrangement direction of the cells 102 are Two first stiffener plates 104 are attached to the surface.

[0113] In step 5, the first reinforcing plate 104, the first side frame 1031, the second side frame 1032, The third side frame 1033 and the fourth side frame are connected to each other with a structural adhesive or fastening members. The first reinforcing plate 104 is the upper cover 105 of the battery pack 100, and the other The first reinforcing plate 104 is the bottom plate 1035 of the battery pack 100 .

[0114] In step 6, a protective plate 111 is added to the outer surface of the bottom plate 1035.

[0115] In step 7, a structural adhesive is filled into the gap between the battery array 101 and the side frame, or A support structure is provided.

[0116] As can be seen from the above assembly method, all six sides of the unit cell 102 have a strong structure. The battery pack 100 has a strong and integral structure, which greatly improves its rigidity and strength. This improves the mechanical safety and reliability of the integrated battery pack 100. The strength may be part of the structural strength of the vehicle, and the battery pack 100 may be The battery pack 100 is designed to have a strong and sturdy structure. Simplify the structure, meet the design requirements for lightweight vehicles, reduce vehicle design and manufacturing costs, The efficiency of vehicle manufacturing can be improved.

[0117] In the present application, the battery pack 100 further includes a battery management system.

[0118] An electric vehicle according to a second aspect of the present application includes the battery pack 100. The electric vehicle includes , long range and low cost.

[0119] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "attachment" and "connection" are used interchangeably. "Connection" should be understood in a broad sense and may include, for example, a fixed connection, a removable connection, etc. Alternatively, it may be an integral connection, a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection, and may be a direct connection. The connection may be an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, or may be an internal communication between the two elements. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. It is possible.

[0120] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "embodiment," "specific embodiment," "example," and the like may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The disclosure is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather to limit the scope of the invention to which the invention pertains. It is meant to be included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. Exemplary expressions of the term are not necessarily limited to the same embodiment or example. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be applicable to any one or more of the embodiments or examples. The above-mentioned items can be appropriately combined.

[0121] Although the present application has been described by way of example, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiment. Various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. and the scope of this application is limited by the claims and their equivalents. [Explanation of symbols]

[0122] 100, battery pack 101, Battery array 1011, Structural adhesive 102, single battery 103, tray 1031, first side frame 1032, second side frame 1033, third side Frame 1034, first support step 1035, bottom plate 104, first reinforcing plate 105, upper cover 106, first support block 107, second support block 1071, opening 108, second reinforcing plate 109. Insulating partition plate 110, cell connector 111, protection plate X, thickness direction of the cell Y, length direction of the cell Z, height direction of the cell

Claims

1. a battery array including a plurality of battery cells, each battery cell being defined by a length L, a thickness D, and a height H between the length L and the thickness D, the plurality of unit cells being arranged along the thickness direction, and the plurality of unit cells being bonded to one another with a structural adhesive; two first reinforcing plates provided on opposite sides of each other, and bonded to two surfaces of the battery array along an arrangement direction of the cells, respectively, to constrain the relative positions of the cells; a number of the cells directly bonded to the two first reinforcing plates being equal to or greater than half of the number of the cells included in the battery array;

2. The battery pack according to claim 1 , wherein the two first reinforcing plates are respectively adhered to two opposite surfaces of the unit cells along a height direction.

3. 3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the unit cells satisfies 600 mm≦L≦2500 mm and 10≦L / D≦208.

4. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the battery pack includes a plurality of layers of battery arrays arranged along a height direction of the unit cells, a partition plate is provided between two adjacent layers of battery arrays, and the partition plate is fixedly attached to the battery arrays located on both sides of the partition plate.

5. 5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein a second reinforcing plate is provided between at least two adjacent cells, and the second reinforcing plate is fixedly attached to the cells located on both sides of the second reinforcing plate.

6. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an upper cover and a tray, the tray including a bottom plate and a side frame disposed around the bottom plate, the upper cover and the tray being connected to define a battery accommodating cavity, and the battery array being located within the battery accommodating cavity.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6 , wherein the two first reinforcing plates constitute the top cover and the bottom plate, respectively.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7 , further comprising a protective plate, the protective plate being located on an outer surface of the bottom plate.

9. The protective plate includes two layers of aluminum plates and a steel plate or a foam aluminum plate sandwiched between the two layers of aluminum plates, Alternatively, the protective plate includes two fiber composite layers and a foamed polymer layer sandwiched between the two fiber composite layers, and the fiber composite layers include a glass fiber layer or a carbon fiber layer.

10. The battery pack according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein outer surfaces of the two first reinforcing plates are bonded to the inner surfaces of the top cover and the bottom plate, respectively.

11. At least one of the bottom plate and the top cover includes two layers of aluminum plates and a steel plate or a foam aluminum plate sandwiched between the two layers of aluminum plates; Alternatively, the battery pack of any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein at least one of the bottom plate and the top cover includes two fiber composite layers and a foamed polymer layer sandwiched between the two fiber composite layers, and the fiber composite layer includes a glass fiber layer or a carbon fiber layer.

12. The battery pack of any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that a sealing groove is provided in the upper cover at a position corresponding to the side frame, a sealant layer is provided in the sealing groove, and the upper cover and the tray are sealed and connected by the sealant layer.

13. 13. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein a structural adhesive is filled in a gap between the battery array and the side frame.

14. The battery pack according to any one of claims 6 to 13, wherein the unit cells include a first end and a second end arranged opposite each other along the length direction, the side frame includes a first side frame and a second side frame provided opposite each other along the length direction of the unit cells, and the first end of each unit cell is supported by the first side frame, and the second end of each unit cell is supported by the second side frame.

15. 15. The battery pack according to claim 14, wherein the first side frame is provided with a first support step portion, the second side frame is provided with a second support step portion, a first end of the unit cell is supported by the first support step portion, and a second end of the unit cell is supported by the second support step portion.

16. 16. The battery pack according to claim 15, further comprising a support structure, wherein the support structure fits and supports the first end of each battery cell and the first side frame and / or the second end of each battery cell and the second side frame.

17. 17. The battery pack of claim 16, wherein the support structure includes a first support block, and a lower surface of a first end of each battery cell is supported by the first support block on the first side frame, and / or a lower surface of a second end of each battery cell is supported by the first support block on the second side frame.

18. 18. The battery pack according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the support structure includes a second support block, and a side of a first end of each battery cell facing the first side frame is fitted with the first side frame by the second support block, and / or a side of a second end of each battery cell facing the second side frame is fitted with the second side frame by the second support block.

19. 19. The battery pack according to claim 16, wherein each of the unit cells includes an electrode terminal, the electrode terminals being provided at a first end and a second end of each of the unit cells, respectively; openings are provided in the support structure; and the electrode terminals of each of the unit cells are electrically connected by cell connectors that pass through the openings, respectively.

20. 20. The battery pack according to claim 19, further comprising an insulating partition plate, the insulating partition plate being located between the support structure and the inner surface of the side frame.

21. The battery pack according to any one of claims 6 to 20, characterized in that the battery pack includes a third side frame and a fourth side frame provided on opposite sides along an arrangement direction of the unit cells, and the third side frame and the fourth side frame are respectively attached and fixed to adjacent unit cells.

22. 22. The battery pack according to claim 21, wherein the third side frame and / or the fourth side frame are provided with a reinforcing beam, the reinforcing beam restricting expansion of the battery array.

23. A battery pack described in any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the second reinforcing plate is an aluminum plate or a steel plate.

24. An electric vehicle comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

Images