Tangible object distribution management system, tangible object distribution management method, and tangible object distribution management program

Abstract

To provide a technique that realizes smooth transactions by providing high-precision information regarding the value and storage condition of a transaction object in a commercial transaction of a tangible object such as artwork.SOLUTION: A tag device is attached to a tangible object such as artwork being an object of distribution management in a one-to-one correspondence and outputs position information of the tangible object being the object as supplementary information related to the asset valuation and storage condition of the tangible object. Specifically, the tag device 1 includes a position sensor 3 for measuring the position information and an output unit 4 for outputting the position information measured by the position sensor 3 to the outside.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a technique for managing the distribution of tangible objects such as works of art. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, various technologies have been proposed for efficiently managing transactions such as ownership transfers in which the object is a tangible commodity or the like. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology for carrying out settlement processing without going through a cash register or the like by optically reading commodity identification information printed on a piece of paper attached to the object using a portable device held by the customer. Patent Document 2 discloses a technology that is an improvement on the technology of Patent Document 1. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2016-219034 A [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2021-157373 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem in that they are unable to obtain information on the value or storage condition of the product, which is useful information for transactions. This is a serious problem that may hinder smooth distribution when the subject of the transaction is art objects, etc., whose product values ​​vary greatly from one another and whose product values ​​fluctuate greatly depending on the storage condition. In other words, when the distribution management of art objects, etc. is performed using only the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the buyer is forced to intuitively judge the product value on the spot without having any reference information on the value of the art object, which is extremely difficult for non-experts. Similarly, it is also extremely difficult for non-experts to accurately judge the storage condition of art objects, etc.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide technology that enables smooth transactions in commercial transactions of tangible objects such as works of art by providing highly accurate information on the value and storage condition of the objects of the transaction. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the tangible object distribution management system according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising: an ownership change information generation means for generating ownership change information, which is information for changing the ownership of a corresponding token, which is a non-fungible token, recorded in a distributed ledger stored on a distributed network so that the ownership change information matches the owner after the change in the owner of the corresponding tangible object; a disclosure history information generation means for generating disclosure history information, which is information regarding the fact that the tangible object has been disclosed to a third party other than the owner, and which includes at least information regarding the date and time and location of each disclosure fact, based on subjective information that is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible object and / or objective information that is information disclosed by a person other than the owner; a storage history information generation means for generating storage history information, which is information regarding the storage status of the tangible object, and which includes at least information regarding the date and time and location of each storage, based on subjective information that is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible object and / or objective information that is information disclosed by a person other than the owner; and an output means for outputting the ownership change information, the disclosure history information, and the storage history information to the distributed network.

[0007] In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the tangible object distribution management system of claim 2, in the above-mentioned invention, further comprises a first authenticity determination means for determining the authenticity of the disclosure history information for each disclosure fact included in the disclosure history information by determining whether the tangible object was present at the location of the disclosure fact on the date and time of the disclosure fact based on location information of the tangible object measured by a location measurement means attached to the tangible object, and a second authenticity determination means for determining the authenticity of the storage history information for each storage implementation included in the storage history information by determining whether the tangible object was present at the location of the storage on the date and time of the storage implementation based on location information of the tangible object measured by a location measurement means attached to the tangible object, and the output means is characterized in that it also outputs the determination results by the first and second authenticity determination means to the distributed network.

[0008] In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the tangible distribution management system of claim 3 is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned invention, the output means outputs the judgment result by the first authenticity determination means in a manner that distinguishes between judgment results regarding public facts based on the subjective information and judgment results regarding public facts based on the objective information, and outputs the judgment result by the second authenticity determination means in a manner that distinguishes between judgment results regarding storage implementation based on the subjective information and judgment results regarding storage implementation based on the objective information.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the tangible item distribution management method according to claim 4 includes an ownership change information generation step of generating ownership change information, which is information for changing the ownership of a corresponding token, which is a non-fungible token, recorded in a distributed ledger stored on a distributed network so that the ownership change information matches the owner after the change in the owner of the corresponding tangible item; a disclosure history information generation step of generating disclosure history information, which is information regarding the fact that the tangible item has been disclosed to a third party other than the owner, and which includes at least information regarding the date and time and location of each disclosure fact, based on subjective information that is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible item and / or objective information that is information disclosed by a person other than the owner; a storage history information generation step of generating storage history information, which is information regarding the storage status of the tangible item, and which includes at least information regarding the date and time and location of each storage, based on subjective information that is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible item and / or objective information that is information disclosed by a person other than the owner; and an output step of outputting the ownership change information, the disclosure history information, and the storage history information to the distributed network.

[0010] In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the tangible object distribution management method of claim 5, in the above-mentioned invention, further includes a first authenticity determination step of determining the authenticity of the disclosure history information for each disclosure fact included in the disclosure history information by determining whether the tangible object was present at the location of the disclosure fact on the date and time of the disclosure fact based on location information of the tangible object measured by a location measurement means attached to the tangible object, and a second authenticity determination step of determining the authenticity of the storage history information for each storage implementation included in the storage history information by determining whether the tangible object was present at the location of the storage on the date and time of the storage implementation based on location information of the tangible object measured by a location measurement step attached to the tangible object, and the output step is characterized in that the determination results by the first and second authenticity determination steps are also output to the distributed network.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the tangible object distribution management program according to claim 6 is a tangible object distribution management program that causes a computer to perform distribution management of tangible objects, and includes a function of generating ownership change information for the computer, which is information for changing the ownership of a corresponding token, which is a non-fungible token, recorded in a distributed ledger stored on a distributed network so that the ownership changes to match the owner after the change in the ownership of the corresponding tangible object in response to a change in the ownership of the corresponding tangible object, and a function of generating ownership change information for the computer, which is information for changing the ownership of the corresponding token, which is a non-fungible token, recorded in a distributed ledger stored on a distributed network, so that the ownership changes to match the owner after the change in the ownership of the corresponding tangible object, and a function of generating subjective information for the fact that the tangible object has been disclosed to a third party other than the owner, which is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible object and / or information by a person other than the owner. the disclosure history information generation function generating disclosure history information including at least information regarding the date, time, and location of each disclosure fact based on objective information, which is information disclosed by an owner of the tangible object; a storage history information generation function generating storage history information including at least information regarding the date, time, and location of each storage fact based on subjective information, which is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible object, and / or objective information, which is information regarding the storage status of the tangible object, including at least information regarding the date, time, and location of each storage event; and an output function outputting the ownership name change information, the disclosure history information, and the storage history information to the distributed network. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, in commercial transactions of tangible objects such as artworks, it is possible to realize smooth transactions by providing highly accurate information on the value and storage condition of the objects of the transactions. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a tangible object distribution management system according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 2] 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the tangible object distribution management system according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a tangible object distribution management system according to a second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, examples considered to be the most appropriate embodiments of the present invention will be described, and it goes without saying that the contents of the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to the specific examples shown in the present embodiments. Of course, any configuration that achieves the same action and effect, even if it is a specific configuration other than that shown in the embodiments, is included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[0015] (Embodiment 1) First, a description will be given of the configuration of a tangible object distribution management system according to the embodiment 1. As shown in Fig. 1, the tangible object distribution management system according to the embodiment 1 has a configuration including a tag device 1 that is attached to a tangible object such as a work of art that is the subject of distribution management, and a management device 2 that performs distribution management of the tangible object.

[0016] The tag device 1 is attached in one-to-one correspondence to a tangible object such as a work of art that is the subject of distribution management, and is intended to output the location information of the tangible object as supplementary information regarding the asset valuation and storage status of the tangible object. Specifically, the tag device 1 is equipped with a position sensor 3 that measures the location information, and an output unit 4 that outputs the location information measured by the position sensor 3 to the outside. Note that the term "tangible object" refers to a tangible entity that exists by occupying a part of space, such as a solid, liquid, or gas, and in the present embodiment 1, the term "tangible object" is used to include those tangible entities that are the subject of commercial transactions, particularly works of art that are aesthetic creations.

[0017] The position sensor 3 is for measuring the position information of the tag device 1 and thus of a tangible object to which the tag device 1 is attached, and corresponds to an example of a position measuring means in the claims. The measurement of position information by the position sensor 3 can be configured by any position measuring mechanism, such as one having a function of receiving radio waves from a GPS (Global Positioning System), one having a function of communicating with surrounding electronic devices in accordance with the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) standard or the Bluetooth standard, estimating the distance between the multiple electronic devices based on whether communication is possible with the multiple electronic devices and / or the signal strength during communication, and calculating its own position based on the estimated distance between the multiple electronic devices.

[0018] The output unit 4 is for outputting the position information measured by the position sensor 3 to the outside. Specifically, the output unit 4 has a function of outputting the position information measured by the position sensor 3 to the outside in a format linked to the measurement time and identification information of a tangible object by wireless connection based on the RFID standard, wireless LAN (Local Area Network), Bluetooth (registered trademark) standard, or WiFi (registered trademark) standard, or wired connection by wired LAN or other wired connection. The position information by the output unit 4 is ultimately used by the management device 2, and it is not necessary to limit the direct output destination from the output unit 4 to the management device 2. In the first embodiment, for example, the output unit 4 may be configured to wirelessly output to a surrounding electronic device using the Bluetooth standard, and then transfer the information from the electronic device to a cloud server installed on the Internet, and the management device 2 may download the position information from the cloud server.

[0019] The management device 2 has a function of generating evaluation information, which is information that serves as a reference for asset evaluation of the tangible object, and storage history information, which is information about the storage status, in addition to information about the owner of the tangible object to be circulated, and performing a certain evaluation of these pieces of information. Specifically, the management device 2 has an input unit 5 that inputs information output from the output unit 4 of the tag device 1, a corresponding token generation unit 6 that generates a corresponding token, which is a non-fungible token that has a one-to-one correspondence with the tangible object to be circulated, a holder name change information generation unit 7 that generates holder name change information that is information for changing the holder name of the corresponding token in conjunction with a change in the owner of the tangible object, a public history information generation unit 8 that generates public history information that serves as a reference for asset evaluation of the tangible object, a first authenticity determination unit 9 that determines the authenticity of each piece of information that constitutes the generated evaluation information, and information about the storage status of the tangible object. the storage history information generating unit 10 that generates storage history information which is information that indicates whether or not a transaction has been generated; a second authenticity determining unit 11 that determines whether or not each piece of information constituting the generated storage history information is authentic; a transaction generating unit 12 that generates a transaction including each piece of generated information and the determination results for each piece of information; an electronic signature generating unit 13 that generates an electronic signature which is data that proves that the content of the transaction is in accordance with the intentions of the holder; an output unit 14 that outputs the transaction and the electronic signature to a distributed network (described later); and a display unit 15 that displays the information stored on the distributed network.

[0020] The input unit 5 is for inputting basic information on which the location information of the tangible object and the disclosure history information and storage history information output from the tag device 1 are based. The basic information on which the disclosure history information is based refers to information on the fact that the tangible object has been disclosed outside the owner's domain, such as the history of the tangible object being exhibited in a museum, the history of the tangible object being exhibited in an art dealer's gallery, and the history of the tangible object being exhibited as a commodity in a store. In the first embodiment, the specific contents of this information include information on the date and time of disclosure, the place, and the name and content of the disclosure, and the method of acquiring this information may be to acquire information on an exhibition disclosed by a third party via the Internet, or to acquire this information based on information provided by the owner of the tangible object. The basic information on which the storage history information is based includes the storage location, the date and time when storage at the storage location started and ended, and the storage conditions at the storage location (indoors, a cool and dark place, temperature and humidity below a certain value, etc.), and this information may be acquired from facility information disclosed by a third party via the Internet, or based on information provided by the owner of the tangible object.

[0021] The corresponding token generating unit 6 is for generating a corresponding token, which is a non-fungible token that corresponds to a tangible object that is the subject of distribution management. The "non-fungible token" means a so-called NFT, Non-Fangible-Token, that is, a token that has unique data and has a property that it cannot be substituted with other tokens, and is issued based on, for example, ERC721, which is the standard of Ethereum (registered trademark). The corresponding token in the present embodiment 1 is issued based on ERC721 or other predetermined standards, and is configured so that its transaction history is stored on the blockchain.

[0022] "Blockchain" is a technology that uses encryption technology to synchronize data between multiple computers that make up a distributed network. Specifically, each block is made up of a collection of agreed-upon transaction records and information for connecting each block (information from the previous block), and a blockchain is made up of multiple blocks linked together. Even if data is tampered with on some of the multiple computers, the correct data is selected by majority vote among the other computers, making it extremely difficult to destroy or tamper with data.

[0023] The correspondence between the corresponding token and the tangible object is a one-to-one association between the identifier of the corresponding token and the identification information of the tangible object. More directly, the identifier of the corresponding token and the identification information of the tangible object may be the same, but it is also acceptable to set the correspondence between the identifier of the corresponding token and the identification information of the tangible object, which are each composed of different character strings, etc.

[0024] In addition, when the corresponding token is generated, information on the owner of the corresponding tangible object at the time of the token generation is generated as the initial holder of the corresponding token. Information on the initial holder is stored on the blockchain as part of the information stored in the blocks constituting the distributed ledger. Note that the information on the holder of the corresponding token may be configured by a character string directly related to the specific name (of the owner of the tangible object at the time of generation) (in the case of a corporation, the trade name) if the person is an individual, but it may also be configured by an account or the like consisting of a character string different from the specific name, etc., and a correspondence relationship between the account, etc., and the holder name is separately set. In this way, the owner of the tangible object is set as the holder of the corresponding token in the initial state, and the holder of the corresponding token is similarly changed every time a transaction is made for the tangible object and the owner of the tangible object is changed as described later, thereby maintaining the identity of the owner of the tangible object and the holder of the corresponding token in the first embodiment.

[0025] The corresponding token may be generated by the corresponding token generating unit 6 itself, or may be generated by an external system that is directly or indirectly connected to the corresponding token generating unit 6 by issuing a predetermined command to the external system. The specific format of the corresponding token is not limited to one that complies with ERC721, which is the standard of Ethereum (registered trademark), and may be any format as long as it has a non-fungible property and the transaction history is stored on the blockchain.

[0026] The ownership change information generating unit 7 is for generating ownership change information consisting of contents indicating the fact that the ownership of the corresponding token has been changed so that the name of the owner after the change matches the ownership of the corresponding token when a change in the owner occurs due to a commercial transaction or the like for the target tangible object. Specifically, the ownership change information includes at least information regarding the name of the owner after the change and the date and time when the owner change occurred, and in addition to these, it may also include the cause of the change in ownership (sale, donation, inheritance, etc.) and the transfer price in the case of a paid transfer. The ownership change information generated by the ownership change information generating unit 7 is output to the transaction generating unit 12 and generated as a transaction, and then converted into an electronic signature by the electronic signature generating unit 13, and output to the distributed network via the output unit 14, and then stored in the blocks that constitute the distributed ledger.

[0027] The disclosure history information generating unit 8 is for generating disclosure history information, which is information on the fact that a tangible object to be managed in distribution has been disclosed. Specifically, the disclosure history information generating unit 8 generates information, based on the basic information inputted through the input unit 5, on the fact that the tangible object in question has been disclosed to a third party in an area under the management of a person other than the owner, such as a museum, gallery, or art dealer's shop, including at least the disclosure date and time (including information on the start and end date in the case of a long-term disclosure) and the disclosure location, and preferably the purpose of the disclosure (display for the purpose of awards, display for sale, etc.) and this information, which also includes a distinction as to whether the basic information inputted through the input unit 5 is subjective information disclosed by the owner or objective information disclosed by a third party other than the owner. Note that the disclosure history information generating unit 8 may generate separate disclosure history information corresponding to each disclosure fact, or may generate disclosure history information in the form of a compilation of multiple disclosure facts. Furthermore, when generating the public history information, the public history information generation unit 8 determines the identity of the target tangible entity (whether or not the basic information is information about the target tangible entity), but does not perform any other confirmation, and generates the public history information without making any substantial changes to the content of the basic information. The public history information generation unit 8 has a function of outputting the generated public history information to the transaction generation unit 12, and the transaction generation unit 12 generates a transaction based on the public history information, and the electronic signature generation unit 13 converts the transaction into an electronic signature, and the electronic signature is output to the distributed network via the output unit 14 and then stored in a block constituting the distributed ledger.

[0028] The first authenticity determination unit 9 is for determining the authenticity of each published fact included in the publication history information. Specifically, the first authenticity determination unit 9 has a function of comparing the publication location of each published fact included in the publication history information with the location information of a tangible object at the same date and time as the publication date and time of the published fact, detected by the location sensor 3 provided in the tag device 1, and determining whether they match. If the publication location and the location information of the tangible object match, the first authenticity determination unit 9 determines that the published information of the published fact is true. On the other hand, if the publication location and the location information of the tangible object do not match, the first authenticity determination unit 9 determines that the published information of the published fact is false, and if the comparison cannot be made, such as when the location information at the publication date and time is uncertain, the first authenticity determination unit 9 determines that the authenticity is unknown. The first authenticity determination unit 9 generates determination information in a format linked to the corresponding published fact for the determination result, and outputs the generated determination information to the transaction generation unit 12. As with ownership change information, etc., a transaction based on the judgment information is generated by the transaction generation unit 12, the transaction is converted into an electronic signature by the electronic signature generation unit 13, and is output to the distributed network via the output unit 14 before being stored in the blocks that make up the distributed ledger.

[0029] In addition, in determining whether the published location and the location information match, it is preferable to use strict criteria (for example, if the difference in location is 10 m or more, it is determined that they are not in the same location) when the accuracy of the location detection function of the location sensor 3 is high, while on the other hand, it is preferable to use lenient criteria (for example, if the difference in location is 1 km or less, it is determined that they are in the same location) when the detection accuracy of the location sensor 3 is low. Also, it is possible to use criteria that take into account the accuracy of the location detection function for each piece of location information by outputting information regarding the accuracy of the location detection function in addition to the location information as a function of the location sensor 3.

[0030] The storage history information generating unit 10 is for generating storage history information, which is information on the storage status of a tangible object that is the target of distribution management. Specifically, the storage history information generating unit 10 generates, based on the basic information input via the input unit 5, information on at least the storage location and storage date and time of the target tangible object (including information on the start and end of storage in the case of long-term storage), and preferably information on the storage conditions (whether it can be protected from wind and rain, whether it is exposed to sunlight, what are the temperature and humidity, etc.). The storage history information generating unit 10 may generate separate storage history information each time storage is interrupted (due to removal for public exhibition, etc.), or may generate storage history information in a form that summarizes storage on multiple occasions with interruptions in between. In generating the storage history information, the storage history information generating unit 10 judges the identity of the target tangible object (whether the basic information on the storage location, etc. is information on the target tangible object), but does not perform any other confirmation, and generates the storage history information without substantially modifying the content of the basic information. The storage history information generation unit 10 has the function of outputting the generated storage history information to the transaction generation unit 12, the transaction generation unit 12 generates a transaction based on the public history information, the electronic signature generation unit 13 converts the transaction into an electronic signature, and the electronic signature is output to the distributed network via the output unit 14 and then stored in a block that constitutes the distributed ledger.

[0031] The second authenticity determination unit 11 is for determining the authenticity of each storage situation included in the storage history information. Specifically, the second authenticity determination unit 11 has a function of comparing the storage location at each storage date and time included in the storage history information with the location information of the tangible object at the same date and time as the storage date and time to determine whether they match. If the storage location and the location information of the tangible object match, the second authenticity determination unit 11 determines that the storage history information regarding the storage fact is authentic. On the other hand, if the storage location and the location information of the tangible object do not match, the second authenticity determination unit 11 determines that the storage history information regarding the storage fact is false, and if the location information at the storage date and time is uncertain and comparison cannot be made, the second authenticity determination unit 11 determines that the authenticity is unknown. The second authenticity determination unit 11 generates determination information in a format linked to the corresponding storage fact for the determination result, and outputs the generated determination information to the transaction generation unit 12. As with ownership change information, etc., a transaction based on the judgment information is generated by the transaction generation unit 12, the transaction is converted into an electronic signature by the electronic signature generation unit 13, and is output to the distributed network via the output unit 14 before being stored in the blocks that make up the distributed ledger.

[0032] In addition, since the storage period is generally long (several months to several years), it may be inappropriate to determine that the storage history information is false based on the fact that the storage location and the location information did not match even once during the long storage period. Therefore, in a more preferred embodiment, the authenticity may be determined based on the ratio of the period during which the storage location and the location information did not match to the entire storage period (for example, if they match more than 2 / 3, it is determined to be true). Furthermore, instead of determining only two ways, "true" or "false," a multiple-stage (for example, a 10-stage evaluation) or simply the ratio of the period during which the storage location and the location information did not match to the entire storage period may be generated as the determination result. In addition, it is preferable that the criteria for determining whether the disclosed location and the location information match are in accordance with the detection accuracy of the location sensor 3, as in the first authenticity determination unit 9.

[0033] The transaction generation unit 12 is for generating transactions to be stored in blocks in the distributed ledger. The transaction generation unit 12 includes, as the contents of the transaction, in addition to ownership change information, public history information, storage history information (including information distinguishing whether each public fact, storage fact, and the result of the judgment on the truth thereof are generated based on subjective information or objective information), and information on the judgment result on the truth thereof. Note that this information may be collectively generated as one transaction, or separate transactions may be generated for each piece of information, or even for the same information, for different public facts and storage facts.

[0034] The electronic signature generating unit 13 is for generating an electronic signature, which is data that proves that the creation and output of information included in a transaction is in accordance with the intention of the owner of the tangible object. Specifically, the electronic signature generating unit 13 generates a hash value of the transaction generated by the transaction generating unit 12, and generates an electronic signature by encrypting the hash value with a private key held by the holder. Note that a "hash value" is a fixed-length value obtained by performing a certain calculation procedure on the original data. Since the calculation procedure is irreversible, it is considered impossible to restore the original data from the hash value. Also, a "private key" is a number sequence used in the encryption process, and is configured to be decryptable with a corresponding "public key."

[0035] The output unit 14 is for outputting the transaction generated by the transaction generation unit 12 and the electronic signature generated by the electronic signature generation unit 13 to the distributed network associated with the corresponding token. The output unit 14 is directly or indirectly connected to the distributed network and is configured in a manner capable of outputting predetermined data to the distributed network. The distributed network generates a hash value of the output transaction and compares it with data obtained by decrypting the electronic signature with a public key (= hash value of the transaction). If the two values ​​are different, it is determined that the transaction is not made by the owner of the target tangible object and rejects registration, and if the two values ​​match, it is determined that the transaction is made by the owner and stores information composed of the transaction in a block constituting the distributed ledger. The transaction output by the output unit 14 includes not only the ownership change information, but also the public history information, storage history information (including information distinguishing whether each public fact, storage fact, and the judgment result regarding their truthfulness were generated based on subjective information or objective information) and information regarding the judgment result regarding their truthfulness. By outputting the transaction to the distributed network, this information is stored in the blocks that make up the distributed ledger established on the distributed network.

[0036] The display unit 15 is for displaying information stored in blocks constituting the distributed ledger. Specifically, the display unit 15 has a function of displaying information on at least the current ownership name (= the ownership name of the target tangible object) as well as the disclosure history information, storage history information, and the result of the truth judgment on each of the disclosure facts and storage facts contained therein. The display form may be a form of visual display on a display, a form of printing and displaying on a medium such as paper, or a form of displaying the contents of the above information by voice or the like. In addition, as a display form on the display unit 15, it is preferable to display whether the target disclosure facts and storage facts are based on subjective information or objective information for the result of the truth judgment. By adopting such a display form, the tangible object distribution management system according to the first embodiment can determine whether the disclosure facts and storage facts judged to be true or false were generated based on subjective information or objective information. Next, the operation of the first authenticity determination unit 9 among the operations of the tangible item distribution management system according to the first embodiment will be described. As shown in Fig. 2, the first authenticity determination unit 9 extracts information on a publication location related to a predetermined publication fact from the publication history information (step S101), and extracts location information of the tangible item at the date and time of the publication fact (step S102). Then, the first authenticity determination unit 9 compares the publication location related to the predetermined publication fact with the location information of the tangible item at the date and time of the publication fact, and determines whether they match (step S103).

[0037] If the published location and the location information match (step S103, Yes), the first authenticity judgment unit 9 judges it as "true" (S104), links the judgment result with information on whether the published fact that was the subject of the judgment and the basic information on which the published fact was based are subjective information or objective information (step S106), and outputs the judgment result (step S107). If the published location and the location information of the tangible object do not match (step S103, No), the first authenticity judgment unit 9 judges it as "false" (step S105), links the judgment result with information on whether the published fact and the basic information on which the published fact was based are subjective information or objective information (step S106), and outputs the judgment result (step S107). Although not shown, if it is impossible to judge in step S103 due to a problem with the accuracy of the location information, etc., it judges it as "impossible to judge" and performs the processing from step S106 onwards.

[0038] Finally, the first authenticity determination unit 9 determines whether authenticity determination has been completed for all published facts (step S108), and if not (step S108, No), returns to step S101 and repeats the above process for other published facts. If authenticity determination has been completed for all published facts (step S108, Yes), the process ends. The second authenticity determination unit 11 also performs authenticity determination of the storage history information by performing the same process as in FIG. 2.

[0039] Next, advantages of the tangible object distribution management system according to the first embodiment will be described. First, the tangible object distribution management system according to the first embodiment has a function of generating disclosure history information of tangible objects such as artworks. The disclosure history information includes information on the disclosure history in museums, galleries, art dealer stores, etc. owned and managed by third parties. For example, the fact that the tangible object has been disclosed for a long period of time in a museum or gallery indicates that the artistic value of the tangible object is highly evaluated by a third party with specialized knowledge other than the owner. On the other hand, the fact that the tangible object has been frequently or for a long period of time in an art dealer store, etc., that is, the fact that a purchase contract was not concluded despite the long period of exhibition, indicates that the tangible object has little appeal as a commodity. In this way, the disclosure history information can be used as evaluation material for the artistic value and asset value of tangible objects such as artworks, and a person considering the purchase of a tangible object can judge the value of the tangible object by referring to the disclosure history information even if he or she does not have specialized knowledge, and can then consider whether or not to purchase the tangible object.

[0040] In addition, the tangible object distribution management system according to the first embodiment has a function of generating storage history information, which is information on the storage conditions of tangible objects such as artworks. In general, the quality of tangible objects varies greatly depending on the storage conditions. For example, even in artworks, if they are stored outdoors exposed to wind and rain, they will become dirty, damaged, etc., and if they are exposed to sunlight, they will fade, etc., and will deteriorate. Even if they are stored indoors under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions, the painting will develop mold and damage such as peeling and cracking of the paint will occur. Since such quality deterioration is a factor that reduces the asset value of a tangible object, a person considering purchasing a tangible object can determine whether the asset value of the tangible object has decreased by checking the storage history information, and then consider whether to purchase the tangible object.

[0041] Furthermore, the tangible item distribution management system according to the first embodiment has a function of generating information on the authenticity of the disclosure history information and storage history information generated based on subjective information disclosed by the owner and objective information disclosed by a third party other than the owner, specifically, information on whether or not the tangible item was present in the disclosure location and storage location at the date and time included in each piece of disclosure history and storage status. This provides an advantage in that a person considering purchasing a tangible item can efficiently consider whether or not to purchase the item by referring only to the disclosure history and storage status information that is determined to be "true."

[0042] In addition, by generating information on the authenticity of the public history information and the storage history information, it is possible to evaluate the reliability of the owner of the tangible object and the tangible object itself. For example, if the public history information and / or the storage history information generated based on the subjective information provided by the owner is "false", it means that there is a defect in the information provided by the owner, and it is possible to recognize the possibility that there is a problem with the reliability of the owner itself or that there is a problem regarding the tangible object that is so severe that the owner is forced to provide false information. In addition, if the public history information and / or the storage history information generated based on the objective information provided by a third party other than the owner is "false", that is, if the public location and storage location at the date and time indicated in the objective information do not match the location of the tangible object at that date and time, it indicates the possibility that the tangible object indicated in the objective information is different from the tangible object that is the subject of distribution management, that is, the tangible object that is the subject of distribution may be a fake. When such a "false" determination exists, especially when there are multiple "false" determinations, it suggests that the owner of the tangible item and / or the tangible item itself is unreliable, which has the advantage of allowing a person wishing to purchase the tangible item to carefully consider whether or not to purchase it.

[0043] Furthermore, in the tangible item distribution management system according to the first embodiment, ownership change information, disclosure history information, storage history information, and information regarding the authenticity of these pieces of information are stored using block chain technology and displayed on the display unit 15. The use of block chain technology has the advantage of preventing the destruction and tampering of these pieces of information.

[0044] (Embodiment 2) Next, a description will be given of a tangible distribution management system according to embodiment 2. In embodiment 2, components with the same names and reference numerals as those in embodiment 1 will have the same functions as those in embodiment 1 unless otherwise specified.

[0045] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a tangible distribution management system according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the tangible distribution management system according to the second embodiment is configured by a tag device 21 and a management device 22. Specifically, the tag device 21 newly includes a temperature sensor 23, a humidity sensor 24, an illuminance sensor 25, and an acceleration sensor 26 in addition to the position sensor 3, and the output unit 27 has a function of outputting the measured values ​​by these sensors to the outside in a form linked with the measurement date and time and the identification information of the target tangible object. In addition to the configuration of the management device 2 in the first embodiment, the management device 22 newly includes a management evaluation information generation unit 28, and the transaction generation unit 29, the electronic signature generation unit 30, the output unit 31, and the display unit 32 perform transaction generation, electronic signature conversion, output to the distributed network, and information display using the management evaluation information generated by the management evaluation information generation unit 28.

[0046] The temperature sensor 23, humidity sensor 24, illuminance sensor 25 and acceleration sensor 26 newly provided in tag device 21 are intended to measure the temperature, humidity, illuminance and acceleration applied to tag device 21 and the tangible object in the area where tag device 21 and thus the tangible object to which tag device 21 is attached are located, respectively. While it is possible to use sensors of known structure for each sensor, for example, illuminance sensor 25 is preferably configured to be installed near the surface of the tangible object, and acceleration sensor 26 is preferably capable of measuring acceleration in three axial directions.

[0047] The management evaluation information generating unit 28 newly provided in the management device 22 is for generating management evaluation information, which is information for evaluating the management status of the tangible object that is the target of distribution management, based on the measurement results of the temperature sensor 23 or the acceleration sensor 26. Specifically, the management evaluation information generating unit 28 has a function of setting an appropriate range, which is a range of values ​​that are free from management problems (= unlikely to cause deterioration of quality) according to the type of tangible object (for art, oil painting, watercolor painting, sculpture, craftwork, calligraphy, etc.), and calculating the degree, duration, and frequency of deviation from the appropriate range when the actual measurement value falls outside the appropriate range, and generating evaluation information on the management status based on this. The specific configuration of the management evaluation information may be the degree of deviation when the actual measurement value falls outside the appropriate range, the duration and frequency of maintaining the state outside the appropriate range itself, or the result of evaluating the management status based on these values ​​into multiple stages (for example, three stages of "good", "normal", and "poor") may be used as the management evaluation information.

[0048] Next, advantages of the tangible distribution management system according to the second embodiment will be described. In addition to the advantages described in the first embodiment, the tangible distribution management system according to the second embodiment has a function of generating management status evaluation information, which is evaluation information of the management status actually performed for the target tangible object based on the measured values ​​of each sensor. This function makes it possible to objectively grasp the management status of the tangible object that is the subject of distribution management, and by extension, to objectively estimate the degree to which the tangible object may have deteriorated. This provides an advantage that a person considering the purchase of a tangible object can determine the presence and degree of deterioration of the asset value due to deterioration based on the management status evaluation information, and then consider whether or not to purchase the tangible object. [Industrial Applicability]

[0049] INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a technology for realizing smooth commercial transactions of tangible objects such as artworks by providing highly accurate information on the value and storage conditions of the objects of the transaction. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1, 21 Tag device 2, 22 Management device 3 Position Sensor 4, 27 Output section 5 Input section 6. Token Generation Unit 7 Ownership change information generation unit 8. Public History Information Generation Unit 9 First Authentication Section 10. Storage history information generation unit 11 Second Authenticity Judgment Section 12, 29 Transaction Generation Unit 13, 30 Electronic signature generation section 14, 31 Output section 15, 32 Display section 23 Temperature Sensor 24 Humidity Sensor 25 Illuminance sensor 26 Acceleration Sensor 28 Management evaluation information generation unit

Claims

1. A holder name change information generating means for generating holder name change information, which is information for changing the holder name of the corresponding token, which is a non-fungible token, recorded in a distributed ledger stored on a distributed network so that the holder name matches the post-change owner in response to a change in the owner of the corresponding tangible object; a disclosure history information generating means for generating disclosure history information, which is information regarding the fact that the tangible object has been disclosed to a third party other than the owner, and which is information including at least information regarding the date and time and location of each disclosure event based on subjective information, which is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible object, and / or objective information, which is information disclosed by a person other than the owner; a storage history information generating means for generating storage history information, the storage history information including at least information regarding the date and time and the location of each storage, based on subjective information, which is information regarding the storage status of the tangible object, that is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible object, and / or objective information, which is information disclosed by a person other than the owner; an output means for outputting the ownership change information, the disclosure history information, and the storage history information to the distributed network; A tangible distribution management system comprising:

2. a first authenticity determination means for determining authenticity of the disclosure history information by determining whether or not the tangible object was present at the location of the disclosure fact at the date and time of the disclosure fact, based on location information of the tangible object measured by a location measurement means attached to the tangible object, for each disclosure fact included in the disclosure history information; a second authenticity determination means for determining authenticity of the storage history information by determining whether or not the tangible object was present at the storage implementation location on the date and time of the implementation of the storage, based on location information of the tangible object measured by a location measurement means attached to the tangible object, for each implementation of the storage included in the storage history information; Further equipped with 2. The tangible item distribution management system according to claim 1, wherein said output means also outputs the results of the determinations made by said first and second authenticity determination means to said distributed network.

3. The tangible distribution management system described in claim 2, characterized in that the output means outputs the judgment results by the first authenticity judgment means in a manner that distinguishes between judgment results regarding public facts based on the subjective information and judgment results regarding public facts based on the objective information, and outputs the judgment results by the second authenticity judgment means in a manner that distinguishes between judgment results regarding storage implementation based on the subjective information and judgment results regarding storage implementation based on the objective information.

4. a holder name change information generation step for generating holder name change information, which is information for changing the holder name of the corresponding token, which is a non-fungible token, recorded in a distributed ledger stored on a distributed network so that the holder name matches the post-change owner in response to a change in the owner of the corresponding tangible object; a disclosure history information generating step of generating disclosure history information, which is information regarding the fact that the tangible object has been disclosed to a third party other than the owner, and which is information including at least information regarding the date and time and location of each disclosure fact based on subjective information, which is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible object, and / or objective information, which is information disclosed by a person other than the owner; a storage history information generating step of generating storage history information, the storage history information including at least information regarding the date and time and the location of each storage, based on information regarding the storage status of the tangible object, the information being subjective information that is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible object and / or objective information that is information disclosed by a person other than the owner; an output step of outputting the ownership change information, the disclosure history information, and the storage history information to the distributed network; A tangible object distribution management method comprising:

5. a first authenticity determination step for determining authenticity of the disclosure history information by determining whether or not the tangible object was present at the location of the disclosure fact at the date and time of the disclosure fact, based on location information of the tangible object measured by a location measurement means attached to the tangible object, for each disclosure fact included in the disclosure history information; a second authenticity determination step for determining authenticity of the storage history information by determining whether or not the tangible object was present at the storage implementation location on the date and time of the implementation of the storage based on location information of the tangible object measured in a location measurement step attached to the tangible object for each implementation of the storage included in the storage history information; Further comprising:

5. The tangible object distribution management method according to claim 4, wherein said output step also outputs the determination results from said first and second authenticity determination steps to said distributed network.

6. A tangible distribution management program for causing a computer to perform distribution management of tangible objects, The computer is A name change information generation function that generates name change information, which is information for changing the name of the holder of the corresponding token, which is a non-fungible token, recorded in the distributed ledger stored on the distributed network so that the holder matches the post-change owner in response to a change in the owner of the corresponding tangible object; a disclosure history information generating function that generates disclosure history information, which is information regarding the fact that the tangible object has been disclosed to a third party other than the owner, and is information including at least information regarding the date and time and location of each disclosure fact based on subjective information, which is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible object, and / or objective information, which is information disclosed by a person other than the owner; a storage history information generating function that generates storage history information, which is information regarding the storage status of the tangible object, based on subjective information, which is information disclosed by the owner of the tangible object, and / or objective information, which is information disclosed by a person other than the owner, and which includes at least information regarding the date, time, and place when each storage was performed; an output function for outputting the ownership change information, the disclosure history information, and the storage history information to the distributed network; A tangible distribution management program characterized by realizing the above.

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