Method for generating heat in a power storage device of an at least partially electrically driven motor vehicle, computer program product, heat generating device and power storage device

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for heating an electric power storage device 12 of an at least partially electrically driven motor vehicle 10 by means of a heat generating device 20 of the electric power storage device 12. The electric power storage device 12, which comprises at least one first storage module 14 and one second storage module 16, is heated depending on a control signal 26 of an electronic computer 22 of the heat generating device 20. In this case, an intermediate tap 18 is provided between the first storage module 14 and the second storage module 16, and the control signal 26 is generated, such that power is fed from the first storage module 14 to the second storage module 16 and heat for the heat generation is generated in the second storage module 16 on the basis of an internal resistance 28 of the second storage module 16, or power is fed from the second storage module 16 to the first storage module 14 and heat for the heat generation is generated in the first storage module 14 on the basis of an internal resistance 28 of the first storage module 14. Furthermore, the invention relates to a computer product, a heat generating device 20 and an electric power storage device 12.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for heating an electrical power storage device of an at least partially electrically driven motor vehicle by means of a heating device of said electrical power storage device according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a computer program product, a heating device and an electrical power storage device. [Background technology]

[0002] From the prior art, at least partially electrically driven or fully electrically driven motor vehicles are already known. These motor vehicles have a power storage device, which is composed of, for example, a number of cell modules. These cell modules can in turn have a number of battery cells, for example lithium-ion cells. In this case, it is already known that these battery cells must be heated to reach a certain temperature, for example in winter, in order to ensure an adequate power supply. If this is not done, this can lead to a power loss of the power storage device. For this purpose, various heating concepts are already known, in particular heating from the outside of the cell modules or heating with a liquid.

[0003] DE 10 2016208063 A1 discloses a heatable battery including a battery cell having an anode and a cathode, an anode terminal connected to the anode and a cathode terminal connected to the cathode. The battery cell has a heating element and a terminal for applying an electric potential to the heating element. The heating element is connected to one of the anode and cathode terminals. Furthermore, the battery cell includes a controllable switch arranged between the terminal for applying an electric potential to the heating element and a terminal other than the anode and cathode terminals.

[0004] DE 10 2013 017 343 A1 relates to a method for heating a battery, in particular a high-voltage battery cell, in a vehicle with an electric drive, in which the electric drive of the vehicle can also be used as a generator. In this case, the battery has an electric heating device for heating at least one battery cell. The method comprises the steps of providing a battery, in particular a high-voltage battery, with at least one battery cell, in which case the battery has an electric heating device for heating the at least one battery cell, and providing a control device by means of which the distribution of a current obtained by regeneration to the at least one battery cell and to the electric heating device can be controlled, and at least a part of the current obtained by regeneration can be passed to the at least one battery cell, in which case, when the charging power of the at least one battery cell reaches a maximum, the remaining part of the current that cannot be used for the at least one battery cell can be passed to the electric heating device. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] DE 102016208063 [Patent Document 2] DE 102013017343 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a method, a computer program product, a heat generating device and a power storage device, by which a power storage device can be efficiently heated (generated heat). [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] This problem is solved by a method, a computer program product, a heat generating device and a power storage device as claimed in the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are set out in the dependent claims.

[0008] A feature of the invention relates to a method for heating an electrical power storage device of an at least partially electrically driven motor vehicle by means of a heating device of the electrical power storage device, in which the electrical power storage device comprising at least one first and one second storage module is heated depending on control signals of an electronic computer of the heating device.

[0009] It is proposed that an intermediate tap is provided between the first storage module and the second storage module and the control signal is generated so that power is supplied from the first storage module to the second storage module and heat for the heat generation is generated in the second storage module when power is supplied based on the internal resistance of the second storage module, or so that power is supplied from the second storage module to the first storage module and heat for the heat generation is generated in the first storage module when power is supplied based on the internal resistance of the second storage module.

[0010] Therefore, it is further proposed, in particular, that power is supplied from the second storage module to the first storage module, and based on the internal resistance of the first storage module, heat for the heat generation is generated in the first storage module upon the power supply.

[0011] This makes it possible that an efficient heating of the power storage device can be realized. In particular, the heating is performed directly in the storage module. As a result, no heat losses occur. Heat is generated during the power supply, which can be efficiently utilized to perform the heating of the storage module, based on the internal resistance, in particular the ohmic resistance. Therefore, no additional heating structure is required to perform the heating. Therefore, efficient heating can be performed even with a small amount of heat generation, because no heat losses occur and the heating (heat generation) is performed directly in the cell module.

[0012] In particular, two storage modules are therefore used which constitute a common on-board power supply, in particular a high-voltage on-board power supply. In this case, heating can be realised by powering the respective storage modules without significant power losses. In this case, half of the power storage device is discharged and the second half of the storage device is charged. By means of an electronic computer, said powering can be carried out, for example, at a predefined frequency, in order to achieve an optimal and age-optimised heating of these storage modules or battery cells.

[0013] In this case, it is particularly proposed that, for example, the power storage device is provided for 800 volts. In this case, each of these storage modules can supply 400 volts. In other words, a middle tap is provided between these storage modules so that both storage modules can have a voltage level of 400 volts. The middle tap and the positive and negative poles of the power storage device are then connected to an electronic computer or a switching device. In this case, depending on a control signal, the power of the first storage module is used to power the second storage module, and then depending on another control signal, the power of the second storage module is used to power the first storage module.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the heat generation amount is adjusted with the control signal depending on the frequency of the power supply. In particular, the frequency can be determined during a switch between the power supply of the second storage module and the power supply of the first storage module. In other words, the frequency indicates a switch between the power supply of the first storage module and the power supply of the second storage module. The frequency is therefore adapted, in particular, depending on, for example, the temperature of the outside air or the actual temperature and / or depending on the actual temperature of the power storage device. In particular, in the case of a higher frequency, a higher internal resistance can be caused in these storage modules or battery cells. On the other hand, in the case of a higher internal resistance, a higher heat generation amount occurs. It can therefore be proposed, in particular, that the lower the temperature of the battery cells, the higher the frequency of the control signal. Depending on the pre-set conditions, the heat generation amount can therefore be appropriately adapted.

[0015] It has proven advantageous that the intermediate tap is connected to a DC voltage converter, the power supply being performed by controlling the DC voltage converter by the control signal from the electronic computer. In particular, the DC voltage converter can be connected to the high voltage side of a power storage device and to the low voltage side, for example with a 12 volt battery. In this case, the DC voltage converter is in particular configured with a double switching element on the primary side. As a result, a redundant system can be provided. For example, if one of the switching elements fails, the low voltage on-board power supply can be reliably operated by the DC voltage converter, and if the other of the switching elements fails, the low voltage on-board power supply can be reliably operated by the DC voltage converter. The DC voltage converter is in particular a component already implemented in the on-board power supply. As a result, the on-board power supply can be utilized in a component-saving manner so as to be able to carry out the method of the invention.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment, the DC voltage converter is electrically connected to a first power supply grid of the vehicle having a first voltage and also comprises a second power supply grid of the vehicle having a second voltage. As already explained, the first voltage is, for example, a high voltage provided by a power storage device, in particular by a first storage module and a second storage module. The second power supply grid is, in particular, a low-voltage grid, for example a 12-volt grid. The first power supply grid can, for example, operate a drive of the vehicle. The second power supply grid can, for example, operate an on-board power supply. Thus, the DC voltage converter can realize the heating and also the coupling between the first power supply grid and the second power supply grid.

[0017] It is likewise advantageous for the first power supply network to be provided as a high-voltage network and for the second power supply network to be provided as a low-voltage network. In this case, the first power supply network can provide at least 400 volts, in particular at least 800 volts, and the second power supply network can provide at least 12 volts. Thus, in particular, the first power supply network can be provided for the drive of an at least partly electrically driven motor vehicle. The motor vehicle may in particular be an all-electrically driven motor vehicle.

[0018] It has proven to be advantageous that depending on the aging state of the first storage module and / or the second storage module, the control signal is adjusted to heat the storage modules. For example, an electronic calculator can be configured to determine the aging. Depending on the aging, it is then likewise necessary that the corresponding heating is adapted to the aging. Thus, the aging can be taken into account and an efficient heating of the storage modules can be achieved.

[0019] The above method is in particular a computer-implemented method. Therefore, another aspect of the invention relates to a computer program product comprising program code means which, when executed by an electronic computer, cause the electronic computer to perform the method according to the above aspect. Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a computer readable storage medium comprising a computer product product. A computer product product may also be referred to exclusively as a computer program.

[0020] Furthermore, the invention also relates to a heating device for heating an energy storage device of an at least partly electrically driven motor vehicle, the heating device comprising at least one electronic computer, the heating device being adapted to perform a method according to the above characteristics, in particular the method being performed by the heating device.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to an electrical power storage device for an at least partially electrically driven motor vehicle having at least one first storage module according to the above characteristics, one second storage module, one intermediate tap and one heat generating device.

[0022] A further aspect of the invention also relates to a motor vehicle having an electric power storage device according to the above aspects, whereby the motor vehicle can be configured to be at least partly electrically driven or to be fully electrically driven.

[0023] Preferred embodiments of the method can be considered as preferred embodiments of a computer program product, as preferred embodiments of a heat generating device, as preferred embodiments of a power storage device and as preferred embodiments of a vehicle, such that the heat generating device, the power storage device and the vehicle have specific features that enable the execution of the method.

[0024] Further features of the invention are described in the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and combinations of features described above in the specification and in the description of the figures below and / or shown only in the figures can be used in other combinations or individually and not only in the respective combinations described.

[0025] The invention will be explained in detail below on the basis of preferred embodiments and with reference to the drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates a schematic side view of an embodiment of a vehicle having an embodiment of a power storage device; [Diagram 2] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a circuit according to an embodiment of a power storage device with an embodiment of a heat generating device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0027] In the figures, identical or functionally identical components have the same reference numbers.

[0028] 1 shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of a vehicle 10 having an embodiment of a power storage device 12. The vehicle 10 can be configured, for example, as an at least partially electrically driven vehicle or as an all-electrically driven vehicle. The power storage device 12 can be configured, for example, as a high-voltage battery. The power storage device 12 can, for example, supply power for a drive unit of the vehicle 10. Furthermore, the power storage device 12 can supply power for an on-board power supply of the vehicle 10.

[0029] In this embodiment, the power storage device 12 comprises a first storage module 14 and a second storage module 16. In this case, the power storage device 12 further comprises a center tap 18. Furthermore, it is specifically shown that the power storage device 12 may also comprise a heat generating device 20. The heat generating device 20 is configured to generate heat in the power storage device 12. To this end, the heat generating device 20 comprises in particular an electronic computer 22.

[0030] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an electric circuit according to an embodiment of the power storage device 12. In this embodiment, it is particularly shown that each storage module 14, 16 can have a plurality of battery cells 24. In the case of a method for generating heat in the power storage device 12, the power storage device 12, which at least comprises a first storage module 14 and a second storage module 16, is heated as a function of a control signal 26 of an electronic computer 22. In this case, it is proposed that an intermediate tap 18 is provided between the first storage module 14 and the second storage module 16, and the control signal 26 is generated, so that power is fed from the first storage module 14 to the second storage module 16, and heat for the heat generation is generated in the second storage module 16 on the basis of an internal resistance 28 of the second storage module 16 upon feeding. It is further proposed that after this, power is fed from the second storage module 16 to the first storage module 14, and heat for the heat generation is generated in the first storage module 14 on the basis of an internal resistance 28 of the first storage module 14 upon feeding. In particular, the respective heating is performed alternately, in other words, for example, first the second storage module 16 is powered and then the first storage module 14. In this case, the frequency of the control signal 26 is particularly important.

[0031] In other words, the power supply of the first storage module 14 and the power supply of the second storage module 16 are switched depending on the frequency. On the other hand, depending in particular on the frequency of the power supply, the heat generation amount for the first storage module 14 and the second storage module 16 can be adjusted. Likewise, depending in particular on the ambient conditions, for example the ambient temperature and the actual temperature of the power storage device 12, an adaptation of the frequency, i.e. an adaptation of the heat generation amount, can be performed. In particular, a higher frequency leads to a higher internal resistance of the storage modules 14, 16. As a result, in the case of a higher frequency, more heat is generated and thus the heat generation amount is increased. In other words, the hotter the power storage device 12 is, the less frequently the method of the invention is performed.

[0032] In particular, the heat generating portions of the storage modules 14, 16 are therefore arranged in anti-parallel.

[0033] In particular, as shown in Fig. 2, the intermediate tap 18 is connected to a DC voltage converter 30, and the power supply is performed by controlling the DC voltage converter 30 by a control signal 26 from the electronic computer 22. In this case, in particular, the DC voltage converter 30 is electrically connected to a first power supply network 32, in particular having a first voltage on the primary side, and is also configured with a second power supply network 34, in particular having a second voltage on the secondary side. In this case, the first power supply network 32 can in particular be provided as a high-voltage network and the second power supply network 34 can in particular be provided as a low-voltage network. In particular, the first power supply network 32 can provide at least 400 volts, in particular at least 800 volts, and the second power supply network 34 can provide at least 12 volts. For example, the first storage module 14 can provide 400 volts and the second storage module 16 can also provide 400 volts. As a result, the first power supply network can in particular provide 800 volts. In this case, the electronic computer 22 may have a high voltage control 36 and a low voltage control 38 .

[0034] Furthermore, depending on the aging state of the first storage module 14 and / or the second storage module 16, it may in particular be proposed that the control signal 26 is adjusted in order to heat the storage modules 14, 16.

[0035] It is therefore particularly proposed that the DC voltage converter 30 has a first converter part 40 and a second converter part 42, each configured for 400 volts, for example, by using two storage modules 14, 16 with a common output and each supplying 400 volts. In this case, the third converter part 44 is configured for a lower voltage. In particular, electrical connections are therefore provided redundantly between the first converter part 40 and the third converter part 44 and between the second converter part 42 and the third converter part 44. For this reason, the intermediate tap 18 is already used in the motor vehicle. Both converter parts 40, 42 are connected to an output of 800 volts, so that the power supply of the first storage module 14 and the second storage module 16 can be carried out without significant power losses. In this case, half of the storage device is discharged and the second half of the storage device is charged. To achieve optimal heating and optimal ageing of the storage modules 14, 16, the power supply can be carried out by the DC voltage converter 30 at a preset frequency.

[0036] Furthermore, the DC voltage converter 30 may have a communication module 46 capable of communicating, for example, via a CAN network of the vehicle 10 . [Explanation of symbols]

[0037] 10. Automobiles 12 Power storage device 14 First Storage Module 16 Second Storage Module 18 Center Tap 20 Heating device 22 Electronic computer 26 Control Signals 28 Internal Resistance 30 DC voltage converter 32 1st power supply network 34 Second power supply network 36 High voltage control section 38 Low voltage control section 40 First conversion unit 42 Second conversion section 44 Third conversion section 46 Communication Module

Claims

1. A method for heating an electric power storage device (12) of an at least partly electrically driven motor vehicle (10) by means of a heat generating device (20) of the electric power storage device (12), the method comprising heating the electric power storage device (12) comprising at least one first storage module (14) and one second storage module (16) depending on a control signal (26) of an electronic computer (22) of the heat generating device (20), a center tap (18) is provided between the first storage module (14) and the second storage module (16), and the control signal (26) is generated such that power is supplied from the first storage module (14) to the second storage module (16), and heat for the heat generation is generated in the second storage module (16) when power is supplied based on an internal resistance (28) of the second storage module (16), or such that power is supplied from the second storage module (16) to the first storage module (14), and heat for the heat generation is generated in the first storage module (14) when power is supplied based on an internal resistance (28) of the first storage module (14).

2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the heat output is adjusted by the control signal (26) depending on the frequency of the power supply.

3. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the center tap (18) is connected to a DC voltage converter (30), and the power supply is performed by controlling the DC voltage converter (30) by the control signal (26) from the electronic computer (22).

4. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the DC voltage converter (30) is electrically connected to a first power supply network (32) of the vehicle (10) having a first voltage and also to a second power supply network (34) of the vehicle (10) having a second voltage.

5. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first power supply network (32) is provided as a high voltage network and the second power supply network (34) is provided as a low voltage network.

6. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the first power supply network (32) provides at least 400 volts, in particular at least 800 volts, and the second power supply network (34) provides at least 12 volts.

7. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the control signal is adjusted to heat the storage modules depending on the age of the first storage module and / or the second storage module.

8. A computer program product comprising program code means which, when executed by an electronic computer (22), cause said electronic computer (22) to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A heating device (20) for generating heat in an electric power storage device (12) of an at least partially electrically driven motor vehicle (10), the heating device having at least one electronic computer (22), The heat generating device (20) is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. 10. An electric power storage device (12) for an at least partially electrically driven vehicle (10) having at least one first storage module (14), one second storage module (16), one center tap (18), and one heat generating device (20) as claimed in claim 9.

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