Separately excited synchronous machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system (0) with a rotating transformer (1) for inductive energy transmission, comprising a rotating transformer stator (2) with a transformer primary coil (3) and a rotating transformer rotor (4) with a transformer secondary coil (5). The transformer primary coil (3) and the transformer secondary coil (5) interact during operation to induce a transformer voltage in the transformer secondary coil (5). Improved operation of the system (0) is achieved by a signal transmission device (20) for inductively transmitting an operating signal, the signal transmission device (20) having a rotor signal coil (21) rotationally fixed to the rotating transformer rotor (4) and electrically isolated from the transformer primary coil (3) and a stator signal coil (22) stationary with respect to the rotating transformer stator (2) and electrically isolated from the transformer primary coil (3). The rotor signal coil (21) and the stator signal coil (22) interact in a process to transmit an operating signal. The invention also relates to a separately excited synchronous machine (100) comprising such a system (0), a vehicle (200) comprising such a separately excited synchronous machine (100), and a method of using such a separately excited synchronous machine (100) as a traction motor (120).

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a system having a rotating transformer for inductive energy transmission. Separately excited synchronous machine equipped with About . Canada In addition, the invention relates to a motor vehicle having such a synchronous machine. The invention further relates to the use of such a separately excited synchronous machine as a traction motor. [Background technology]

[0002] Rotary transformers are used for inductive energy transmission. For this purpose, they have a primary coil and a secondary coil. The primary coil is usually stationary, whereas the secondary coil is movable, in particular rotatable, relative to the primary coil. For this purpose, such rotary transformers usually comprise a stationary stator and a rotor that is rotatable relative to the stator around an axis of rotation. The stator of a rotary transformer, also called rotary transformer stator in the following, usually has a primary coil, also called transformer primary coil in the following. The rotor of a rotary transformer, also called rotary transformer rotor in the following, usually has a secondary coil, also called transformer secondary coil in the following.

[0003] Such a rotating transformer is , others Separately excited synchronous machines are used in separately excited synchronous machines, which have a stator and a rotor which rotates relative to the stator around an axis of rotation during operation, hereinafter also called rotating transformer stator and rotating transformer rotor. In so doing, the rotor magnetic field of the rotor and the stator magnetic field of the stator interact with each other. In separately excited synchronous machines, the required rotor magnetic field of the rotor is excited from the outside. For this purpose, the rotor generally has rotor coils which are supplied with a direct current which generates a magnetic field. The supply of the rotor coils can be carried out by a rotating transformer.

[0004] Such a synchronous motor with a rotary transformer is known, for example, from FP 2 869 316 B1. During operation, the transformer primary coil induces a voltage in the transformer secondary coil.

[0005] Further separately excited synchronous machines are known from DE 10 2017 214 766 A1, DE 10 2013 209 216 A1 and WO 02 / 067276 A1.

[0006] Usually, the rotating transformer stator and the rotating transformer rotor are adjusted to each other so that a desired voltage is induced in the transformer secondary coil. Thus, any change in this adjustment causes a deviation in the induced voltage. Moreover, the desired or necessary change in the induced voltage, and in particular in the current flowing through the rotor coil, therefore cannot or is not easily achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention therefore relates to a method for producing a compound of the type mentioned in the introduction. Other The present invention is directed to the task of showing an improved or at least different embodiment for an excited synchronous machine and for a motor vehicle having such a synchronous machine, which overcomes the disadvantages of the solutions known from the prior art. , others The present invention relates to the task of indicating embodiments for excited synchronous machines and for motor vehicles which are characterized by improved stability during operation.

[0008] This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0009] The invention is thus based on the general idea of ​​providing a system with a rotary transformer in a separately excited synchronous machine and an inductive signal transmission in the rotary transformer, by means of which the operating signals of the rotary transformer and / or the separately excited synchronous machine can be transmitted, in particular exchanged, by means of the rotor of the rotary transformer. As a result, it is possible in an easy and effective manner to provide operating signals, for example operating states, in the rotary transformer, in particular in the rotor of the rotary transformer, or to transmit these from the rotor, respectively. In particular, a wired signal transmission between the rotor, which rotates relative to the stator during operation, can thus be omitted. As a result, the operation of the rotary transformer and the associated application can be adapted in a simple manner depending on said operating states and disturbances during operation can be detected in a simplified manner. As a result, the stability during operation of the rotary transformer and / or the associated application is improved. This inductive signal transmission is additionally used here for inductive energy transmission in the rotary transformer.

[0010] In accordance with the concept of the present invention, A separately excited synchronous machine is a system that includes a rotating transformer. For inductive energy transmission, the rotary transformer has a primary coil and a secondary coil, which are also referred to below as transformer primary coil and transformer secondary coil, and in addition, the rotary transformer has a stationary stator, which is also referred to below as rotary transformer stator, and a rotor, which is also referred to below as rotary transformer rotor.

[0011] The rotary transformer stator has a transformer primary coil. The rotary transformer rotor has a transformer secondary coil. The rotary transformer rotor is rotatable relative to the rotary transformer stator around an axially extending axis of rotation. During operation, the rotary transformer rotor thus rotates relative to the rotary transformer stator around this axis of rotation. Due to the inductive energy transmission, the transformer primary coil and the transformer secondary coil thus interact inductively during operation to generate a voltage in the transformer secondary coil, which voltage is also referred to below as the transformer voltage. Furthermore, the system comprises a signal transmission device for inductively transmitting an operating signal to the rotary transformer rotor. This signal transmission device comprises a coil that is rotationally fixed relative to the rotary transformer rotor, which coil is also referred to below as the rotor signal coil. The signal transmission device additionally comprises a coil that is stationary relative to the rotary transformer stator, which coil is also referred to below as the stator signal coil. The stator signal coil and the rotor signal coil inductively interact with each other during operation for signal transmission, where the stator signal coil is electrically isolated from the transformer primary coil, and the rotor signal coil is electrically isolated from the transformer secondary coil.

[0012] The directions indicated here relate to an axially extending axis of rotation. "Axial" therefore means parallel to, and in particular coaxial with, the axis of rotation. Furthermore, "radial" means transverse to the axis of rotation.

[0013] The transformer secondary coil and the transformer primary coil are preferably arranged opposite each other in the axial direction. It is also conceivable to arrange the transformer secondary coil and the transformer primary coil adjacently in the radial direction, in particular oppositely.

[0014] Preferably, the stator signal coil and the rotor signal coil are arranged axially opposite each other. It is also conceivable to arrange the stator signal coil and the rotor signal coil adjacently, in particular oppositely, in the radial direction.

[0015] Preferably, the rotor signal coil is spaced apart from the transformer secondary coil. The rotor signal coil is preferably spaced apart radially, preferably radially inwardly, from the rotor secondary coil. Preferably, the stator signal coil is spaced apart from the transformer primary coil. Preferably, the stator signal coil is spaced apart radially, preferably radially inwardly, from the transformer primary coil. Coupling between the transformer coils, i.e. the transformer primary coil and the transformer secondary coil, and the signal coil is thus prevented or at least reduced.

[0016] Preferably, the transformer secondary coil extends around the axis of rotation, in particular in a helical manner, and in particular is configured as a planar winding.

[0017] Preferably, the rotor signal coil extends around the axis of rotation, in particular in a circular or spiral manner.

[0018] Preferably, the transformer primary coil extends around the rotation axis, and in particular, the transformer primary coil is configured as a flat coil.

[0019] Advantageously, the inductive interaction of the transformer primary coil with the transformer secondary coil, on the one hand, and the inductive interaction of the stator signal coil with the rotor signal coil, on the other hand, are realized at different frequencies, so that mutual influences, especially of the inductive interactions, are prevented or at least reduced.

[0020] The signal transmission is preferably performed at a higher frequency than the inductive energy transmission for inducing the transformer voltage. The inductive energy transmission can thus be operated at a lower frequency and higher power, and the signal transmission can be operated at a higher frequency and lower power. As a result, the system can operate effectively at higher power while at the same time achieving reliable and efficient signal transmission.

[0021] The stator signal coil is preferably fixedly arranged on the rotary transformer stator such that during operation, operating signals are transmitted between the rotary transformer rotor and the rotary transformer stator by the signal transmission device.

[0022] A preferred embodiment is where the transformer secondary coil surrounds the rotating shaft and is configured to be axially flat.

[0023] An embodiment is advantageous in which the rotary transformer rotor comprises a circuit board on which the transformer secondary coil is provided, thus resulting in a simple construction of the rotary transformer rotor and a simple and accurate mounting and positioning of the transformer secondary coil.

[0024] It is also contemplated that the transformer secondary coil may be embodied as a cast coil.

[0025] An embodiment is preferred in which the transformer secondary coil has at least one conductor track of the circuit board, which is also referred to below as the transformer conductor track. This leads to a simplified construction and production of the rotary transformer. Furthermore, the transformer secondary coil can be constructed and / or dynamically stabilized in such a manner in a simplified manner.

[0026] It is particularly preferred here if the transformer secondary coil is formed by at least one transformer conductor track of the circuit board and thus consists of at least one transformer conductor track of the circuit board.

[0027] The circuit board is preferably configured to be axially flat, which in this way saves space and reduces weight.

[0028] Particularly preferably, the circuit board is configured, in axial top view, for example as a disk or a ring.

[0029] An embodiment in which the rotor signal coil has at least one conductor track of the circuit board, which is also called signal conductor track in the following to distinguish it from the at least one transformer conductor track, is considered to be advantageous. This means that the rotor signal coil also has at least one conductor track of the circuit board and is electrically insulated from the transformer secondary coil. This leads to a simplified production of the rotary transformer and a precise positioning of the rotor signal coil.

[0030] The rotor signal coil is preferably formed by at least one signal conductor track of the circuit board. The rotor signal coil is thus composed of at least one signal conductor track. The rotor signal coil is thus constructed in a simplified manner and is precisely positionable and / or stabilized in a dynamic manner.

[0031] At least one transformer conductor path and / or signal conductor path, respectively, may be arranged on the circuit board, so that it is visually visible from the outside, or may be surrounded by the circuit board, so that it is not visually visible from the outside. Of course, both embodiments are possible, in which at least one conductor path is arranged on the circuit board, and in which at least one conductor path is arranged within the circuit board. The circuit board may therefore be configured in particular as a circuit board known to those skilled in the art as a "multilayer circuit board".

[0032] The transformer secondary coil may have at least two transformer conductor tracks spaced axially from one another, preferably where the transformer conductor tracks run parallel to one another.

[0033] Embodiments are conceivable in which at least one transformer conductor track is arranged on the circuit board and at least one transformer conductor track is arranged within the circuit board.

[0034] The signal transmission device preferably comprises a unit, rotationally fixed to the rotary transformer rotor, for processing the operating signal received by the rotor signal coil, which in the following is also called rotor signal unit, which is downstream in the receiving direction of the rotor signal coil.

[0035] An embodiment is advantageous in which an electrical filter is connected between the rotor signal coil and the rotor signal unit in order to filter the operating signal received by the rotor signal coil, so that in particular possible disturbances of the operating signal, which may be caused for example by the transformer coil, are eliminated, resulting in an improved quality of the signal transmission and / or an improved operating stability of the rotary transformer.

[0036] The rotor signal unit and / or the filter are preferably mounted on a circuit board.

[0037] The signal transmission device preferably comprises a unit for processing the operating signal received by the stator signal coil, which is also called stator signal unit in the following. The stator signal unit is fixed with respect to the rotating transformer stator and is therefore stationary. The stator signal unit is downstream of the stator signal coil in the receiving direction.

[0038] Preferably, an electrical filter is connected between the stator signal coil and the stator signal unit in order to filter the operating signal received by the stator signal coil, so that in particular possible disturbances of the operating signal, which may be caused, for example, by the transformer coil, are eliminated, resulting in an improved quality of the signal transmission and / or an improved operating stability of the rotary transformer.

[0039] Preferably, at least one signal unit, preferably each signal unit, is also configured for generating an operating signal and / or a signal comprising at least one operating state, which preferably also means that at least one signal unit, preferably each signal unit, is configured for transmitting an operating signal by means of an associated signal coil.

[0040] An embodiment is preferred in which the transformer coils are arranged in a magnetic core that is stationary with respect to the rotating transformer stator, thus resulting in an improved inductive interaction of the transformer coils with each other. This magnetic core, also called transformer core in the following, can essentially be constructed in any desired manner. In particular, the magnetic core concerns a ferrite body.

[0041] Preferably, the transformer core has an axially open recess for the transformer primary coil.

[0042] Preferably, the transformer core is radially open, so that the transformer secondary coil, in particular the circuit board, passes through the transformer core and is rotatable within the transformer core.

[0043] It is also conceivable to arrange the stator signal coil and / or the rotor signal coil in the transformer core, where the rotor signal coil is suitably arranged in the transformer core so as to be rotatable therein, thus resulting in a simple construction of the rotary transformer.

[0044] It is conceivable to arrange the stator signal coils and the rotor signal coils on a signal core that is radially spaced apart from the transformer core, so that electromagnetic coupling of the signal coils with the transformer coils is prevented or at least reduced, thus resulting in improved transmission of the operating signals and reduced disturbances of the operating signals.

[0045] Preferably, the signal core is stationary, i.e., stationary with respect to the rotating transformer stator.

[0046] The signal core may refer to any desired magnetic core, in particular the signal core is a ferrite body.

[0047] Preferably, the signal core is spaced radially inwardly relative to the transformer core, and preferably wherein the signal core has a radial duct and the circuit board is directed radially through the duct.

[0048] The system may include a rectifier circuit downstream of the transformer secondary coil, so that the transformer voltage induced in the transformer secondary coil as an AC voltage may be converted to a DC voltage and made available for use in an associated application.

[0049] The system may have an inverter circuit upstream of the transformer primary coil, so that the AC voltage for the transformer primary coil, required during operation, comes from an electrical energy source providing a DC voltage.

[0050] The system can be used in essentially any desired application for inductive energy transfer.

[0051] The synchronous machine comprises a rotor with a rotor shaft, which is also referred to below as the rotary transformer rotor. The rotary transformer rotor comprises at least one coil, which is also referred to below as the rotor coil, which is rotationally fixedly arranged on the rotor shaft. During operation, when supplied with a direct current voltage, in particular with direct current, the at least one rotor coil generates a magnetic field, which is also referred to below as the rotor magnetic field. The synchronous machine further comprises a stationary stator, which is also referred to below as the rotary transformer stator. The rotary transformer stator comprises at least one coil, which is also referred to below as the stator coil. During operation, the at least one stator coil generates a magnetic field, which is also referred to below as the stator magnetic field. During operation of the synchronous machine, the stator magnetic field interacts with the rotor magnetic field, such that the rotary transformer rotor rotates around an axial axis of rotation. Here, the rotary transformer stator is stationary with respect to the stator. In addition, a rotary transformer rotor is rotationally fixedly mounted on the rotor. In particular, the rotary transformer rotor is rotationally fixedly connected to the rotor shaft. In order to generate a rotor magnetic field, the at least one rotor coil is connected to a transformer secondary coil such that, during operation, the at least one rotor coil is supplied with a DC voltage, i.e., respectively, with a DC current. For this purpose, preferably, a rectifier circuit is connected between the transformer secondary coil and the at least one rotor coil. The aforementioned rectifier circuit can be a component part of the system.

[0052] Preferably, the rotary transformer, in particular the rotary transformer rotor, is arranged axially in front of the rotor. Particularly preferably, the rotary transformer is arranged at a distance from the rotor coils and / or the stator coils, such that undesirable interactions between the rotary transformer and the rotor magnetic field and / or the stator magnetic field are prevented or at least reduced.

[0053] The operating signal suitably contains information regarding the operating state of the rotary transformer and / or the associated application, in particular a synchronous machine. The respective operating state may for example relate to a voltage applied to at least one rotor coil and / or a current through at least one rotor coil. The operating signal may likewise be a trigger circuit for a protection circuit in the rotary transformer rotor and / or the rotor. Similarly, the operating signal may for example be at least one temperature of at least one rotor coil. Of course, more than one operating state may also be conveyed in the operating signal.

[0054] The AC voltage required for the transformer primary coil can come from any desired source of electrical energy.

[0055] It is particularly conceivable that the electrical energy source provides a DC voltage. In particular, this electrical energy source may relate to a battery. Here, suitably, an inverter circuit is provided between the energy source and a transformer primary coil, this inverter circuit converting the DC voltage into the required AC voltage. This aforementioned inverter circuit may here be a constituent part of the rotary transformer.

[0056] Synchronous machines can be used in essentially any desired application.

[0057] In particular, the synchronous machine may be used as a traction motor.

[0058] Synchronous machines are used in particular in motor vehicles, which may be equipped with a battery as an energy source, where the synchronous machine serves in particular to drive the motor vehicle and is therefore the traction motor of the motor vehicle. Preferably, the traction motor according to the invention has a power or drive force, respectively, of 100 kW-240 kW, in particular 140 kW.

[0059] The traction motor preferably exhibits a performance of 100 kW to 240 kW, specifically 140 kW.

[0060] It should be understood that in addition to rotary transformers, separately excited synchronous machines and automobiles each fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0061] Further important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the drawings and the associated description of the drawings with the aid of the drawings.

[0062] It will be understood that the features mentioned above and those further described below can be used not only in the respective combinations presented, but also in other combinations, or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0063] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred exemplary embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings and described in more detail in the following description, where like reference numbers indicate identical, similar, or functionally identical components. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0064] A schematic diagram is shown for each. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a highly simplified circuit diagram of a separately excited synchronous machine having a system with a rotary transformer in an automobile. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary transformer. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary transformer in another exemplary embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an isometric view, partially in section, of the rotor of a separately excited synchronous machine with a rotary transformer. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a highly simplified cross-sectional view of a separately excited synchronous machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0065] For example, as shown in Figs. 1-4, the system 0 has a rotary transformer 1 as an inductive energy transmitter. The system 0 is used in a separately excited synchronous machine 100 as shown in Figs. 1-5. Can As shown very simply in Figure 1, ,same The separately excited synchronous machine 100 may be used in an automobile 200. The separately excited synchronous machine 100 may be used, in particular, as a synchronous motor 110 for driving the automobile 200. The separately excited synchronous machine 100 may therefore be used, in particular, as a traction motor 120. For this reason, the traction motor 120 may exhibit a performance of, for example, 100 kW-240 kW, specifically 140 kW.

[0066] As can be seen from Figures 1-4, the rotary transformer 1 comprises a stator 2 and a rotor 4. The stator 2 is hereinafter referred to as the rotary transformer stator 2. The rotor 4 is hereinafter referred to as the rotary transformer rotor 4. The rotary transformer rotor 4 is rotatable relative to the rotary transformer stator 2 about an axially extending rotation axis 90. During operation, the rotary transformer rotor 4 thus rotates relative to the rotary transformer stator 2 about the rotation axis 90. For inductive energy transmission, the rotary transformer stator 2 comprises a primary coil 3 and the rotary transformer rotor 4 comprises a secondary coil 5. The primary coil 3 and the secondary coil 5 are arranged axially opposite each other in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, as can be seen from Figures 2-4. During operation, the primary coil 3, hereinafter also referred to as the transformer primary coil 3, induces an alternating voltage in the secondary coil 5, hereinafter also referred to as the transformer secondary coil 5, which is hereinafter also referred to as the transformer voltage.

[0067] The directions indicated herein refer to the axis of rotation 90. Thus, "axial" is parallel to the axis of rotation. Additionally, "radial" is transverse to the axis of rotation 90.

[0068] The separately excited synchronous machine 100, also abbreviated as synchronous machine 100 below, as can be seen in particular from Fig. 4-5, has a rotor 101. The rotor 101 is also called rotary transformer rotor 101 below. The rotary transformer rotor 101 has a rotor shaft 102 and at least one coil 103, rotationally fixedly arranged on the rotor shaft 102 (see Fig. 1). The coil 103 is also called rotor coil 103 below. The rotor coil 103 is represented in Fig. 1 as an inductance and an ohmic resistance. The rotary transformer rotor 101 may also have two or more rotor coils 103, but for simplicity in the following one rotor coil 103 is assumed. During operation, the rotor coil 103 generates a magnetic field, which is also called rotor magnetic field in the following. The synchronous machine 100 further comprises a stator 104, as shown in a simplified manner in FIG. 5, which is also referred to below as a rotary transformer stator 104. In addition, the synchronous machine 100 comprises at least one coil 105, which is stationary with respect to the stator 104 (see FIG. 5), which is also referred to below as a stator coil 105. During operation, the at least one stator coil 105 generates a magnetic field, which is also referred to below as a stator magnetic field. Here, during operation, the stator magnetic field and the rotor magnetic field interact with each other such that the rotor 101 rotates around the axis of rotation 90. To generate the rotor magnetic field, the rotor 101, specifically the rotor coil 103, requires a DC voltage. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, this DC voltage is supplied to the rotor coil 103 by a transformer secondary coil 5, for example by a rotary transformer 1. For this purpose, as can be seen from Fig. 1, a rectifier circuit 6 is connected between the transformer secondary coil 5 and the rotor coil 103, which rectifier circuit converts the transformer voltage into a direct current voltage. In addition, for this purpose, as can be seen from Figs. 2-4, a rotary transformer rotor 4 is arranged rotationally fixed to the rotor shaft 102, for example to the rotor 101. The rotary transformer rotor 4 thus rotates together with the rotor shaft 102 around the rotation axis 90 during operation, and therefore also with the rotor 101. In addition, the rotary transformer stator 2 is fixed with respect to the stator 104, so that it is stationary. The rectifier circuit 6 may be a component part of the system 0 and may be rotationally fixed to the rotary transformer rotor 4.

[0069] As can further be seen particularly in FIG. 4, in the exemplary embodiment shown, rotary transformer 1 is disposed axially in front of rotor 101 and spaced apart from rotor coils 103 and stator coils 105.

[0070] In order to induce a transformer voltage in the transformer secondary coil 5, the transformer primary coil 3 requires an AC voltage. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the transformer primary coil 3 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment is provided by an electric energy source 201 providing a DC voltage. The energy source 201 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment relates to a battery 202 of the automobile 200. In order to supply the transformer primary coil 3 with an AC voltage, an inverter circuit 7 is provided between the energy source 201 and the transformer primary coil 3. The inverter circuit 7 converts the DC voltage of the energy source 201 into an AC voltage for the transformer primary coil 3. Here, it is conceivable that the inverter circuit 7 comprises an inverter.

[0071] As can be seen from Fig. 2-4, the rotary transformer rotor 4 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment has a circuit board 8 on which the transformer secondary coil 5 is provided. The circuit board 8 is configured like a disk and has a circular shape, so that it is configured like a disk or, respectively, a ring. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the transformer secondary coil 5 has at least one conductor path 9 of the circuit board 8, which is also called transformer conductor path 9 in the following. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the transformer secondary coil 5 consists of at least one transformer conductor path 9 and is configured as a planar winding 10. Here, as can be seen from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the circuit board 8 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment has two transformer conductor paths 9 axially spaced apart from each other, which surround the rotation axis 90 in a helical manner. In addition, in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the at least one transformer conductor path 9 is completely arranged in the circuit board 8.

[0072] The rotationally fixed connection of the rotor shaft 102 to the rotary transformer rotor 4 in the exemplary embodiment shown is achieved via a central opening 14 in the circuit board 8, through which the rotor shaft 102 engages, as can be seen in Figures 2-4.

[0073] As can be seen from Figs. 2-4, the transformer primary coil 3 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment is configured as a flat coil 11. As can be further seen from Figs. 2-4, the transformer primary coil 3 and the transformer secondary coil 5 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment are arranged in a magnetic core 12, in particular a ferrite core 13, which is stationary with respect to the rotating transformer stator 2. The magnetic core 12 is also referred to as the transformer core 12 in the following. The transformer core 12 opens radially inwards, so that the circuit board 9 with the transformer secondary coil 5 penetrates into the transformer core 12 and is arranged therein in a rotatable manner. In addition, the transformer core 12 has an axially opening recess 15, in which the transformer primary coil 3 is arranged.

[0074] 1, the rectifier circuit 6 is configured, by way of example only, as a bridge rectifier 16 with four diodes Da-d. In addition, the inverter circuit 7 is configured, by way of example only, as a full-bridge inverter 17, which has four transistors Ta-d and two drive circuits Sa, Sb for the transistors Ta-d.

[0075] As can be seen from Fig. 1, the system 0 comprises a signal transmission device 20 for transmitting an operating signal to the rotating transformer rotor 4. For this purpose, the signal transmission device 20 comprises a coil 21, which is rotationally fixed to the rotating transformer rotor 4, and a coil 22, which is stationary with respect to the rotating transformer stator 2, which inductively interact during operation for signal transmission. The coil 21 is also referred to as rotor signal coil 21 in the following. The coil 22 is also referred to as stator signal coil 22 in the following. Here, the transformer primary coil 3 is electrically insulated from the stator signal coil 22, and the rotor signal coil 21 is electrically insulated from the transformer secondary coil 5. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the rotor signal coil 21 and the stator signal coil 22 are arranged axially opposite each other.

[0076] In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the signal transmission device 20 serves for the transmission of an operating signal between the rotary transformer rotor 4 and the rotary transformer stator 3. To transmit an operating signal to the rotor signal coil 21, in particular to the rotary transformer rotor 4, the stator signal coil 22 thus induces an AC voltage in the rotor signal coil 21. To transmit an operating signal to the stator signal coil 22, in particular to the rotary transformer stator 3, i.e. to the stator 3, the rotor signal coil 21 induces an AC voltage in the stator signal coil 22. The respectively induced AC voltage is also referred to as a signal voltage in the following. The signal voltage thus respectively comprises and in particular corresponds to an operating signal. Of course, several operating signals can also be transmitted together or in succession.

[0077] By means of the operating signals it is possible in particular to adapt the rotary transformer 1 to the requirements of the synchronous machine 100. In particular the rotor magnetic field can thus be more precisely altered and / or more precisely adapted. Likewise by means of the operating signals diagnostic values ​​of the synchronous machine 100 and / or the rotary transformer 1 can be transmitted so that the operation of the synchronous machine 100 and / or the rotary transformer 1 can be improved. The respective operating signal can in particular relate to the voltage applied to the rotor coil 105 and / or to the current flowing through the rotor coil 105. The operating signal can also be a trigger circuit for a protection circuit (not shown) in the rotary transformer rotor 4 and / or in the rotor 101 and / or for example the temperature of the rotor coil 103.

[0078] As can be seen from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the rotor signal coil 21 may have at least one conductor path 23 of the circuit board 8, which is also referred to below as the signal conductor path 23. The at least one signal conductor path 23 is electrically insulated from the at least one transformer conductor path 9. The signal conductor path 23 may extend in particular in a circular or spiral manner surrounding the rotation axis 90. In particular, the rotor signal coil 21 is formed by at least one signal conductor path 23 of the circuit board 8. Here, the rotor signal coil 21 in the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 has, by way of example, a single such signal conductor path 23. In the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the signal conductor path 23 is arranged completely in the circuit board 8.

[0079] 2 and 3, the rotor signal coils 21 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment are radially spaced apart with respect to the rotor secondary coils 5. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the rotor signal coils 21 are offset radially inward with respect to the rotor secondary coils 5. Thus, the stator signal coils 22 are also radially spaced apart and offset radially inward with respect to the transformer primary coils 3 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment.

[0080] As can be seen from Fig. 1, the signal transmission device 20 comprises, on both the rotor side and the stator side, a unit 24 for processing the respective received operating signals, which is also referred to as a signal unit 24 in the following. Each signal unit 24 is downstream of the associated signal coil 21. In addition, the signal transmission device 20 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment comprises, between each signal unit 24 and the associated signal coil 21, 22, an electrical filter 25 for filtering the operating signals received by the associated signal coil 21, 22. This means that the signal transmission device 20 comprises a rotor signal unit 24a, rotationally fixed to the rotating transformer rotor 4, which is downstream of the rotor signal coil 21, for processing the operating signals received by the rotor signal coil 21. Between the rotor signal coil 21 and the rotor signal unit 24a, an electrical filter 25a is connected for filtering the operating signals received by the rotor signal coil 21. Furthermore, the signal transmission device 20 comprises a stator signal unit 24b, which is stationary with respect to the rotating transformer stator 2, downstream of the stator signal coil 22, for filtering the operating signals received by the stator signal coil 22. Between the stator signal coil 22 and the stator signal unit 24b an electrical filter 25b is connected for filtering the operating signals received by the stator signal coil 22. In particular, disturbances in the respectively received operating signals, in particular in the respective signal voltages, which may arise for example by electromagnetic coupling with the transformer primary coil 3 and / or the transformer secondary coil 5, can thereby be removed by the filter.

[0081] In the exemplary embodiment shown, each unit 24 may be configured to generate an operating signal that is transmitted by the associated signal coil 21,22 to the other signal coil 21,22.

[0082] 1, the rotor signal unit 24a may for example detect the voltage and / or the current between the commutator circuit 6 and the rotor coil 103 in order to determine the voltage applied to and / or the current through the rotor coil 103 and transmit it as an operating signal. Likewise, the rotor signal unit 24a may be electrically supplied in this way.

[0083] In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2, a stator signal coil 22 and a rotor signal coil 21 are also disposed in the transformer core 12 .

[0084] The exemplary embodiment of Fig. 3 differs from this in that the stator signal coil 22 and the rotor signal coil 21 are arranged in a signal core 26 that is radially spaced apart with respect to the transformer core 12. Possible electromagnetic coupling between the signal transmission device 20 and the transformer primary coil 3 and / or the transformer secondary coil 5 is thus at least reduced. Here, the signal core 26 is preferably stationary and thus stationary with respect to the rotating transformer stator 2. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the signal core 26 is arranged radially inwardly offset with respect to the transformer core 12. Here, the circuit board 8 is radially oriented by the signal core 26.

Claims

1. A separately excited synchronous machine (100), said separately excited synchronous machine comprising a rotor (101) having a rotor shaft (102), and a rotor coil (103) fixedly provided in the rotational direction on said rotor shaft (102), said rotor coil generating a rotor magnetic field during operation, said separately excited synchronous machine comprising a stator (104) having a stator coil (105) stationary with respect to the stator (104), said stator coil generating a stator magnetic field during operation, said stator magnetic field interacting with said rotor magnetic field during operation such that said rotor (101) rotates about the axial rotation axis (90), said separately excited synchronous machine comprising a system (0) having a rotary transformer (1) for inductive energy transmission, said rotary transformer (1) having a rotary transformer stator (2) provided with a transformer primary coil (3), said rotary transformer (1) having a rotary transformer rotor (4) provided with a transformer secondary coil (5) and rotating about the axial rotation axis (90) extending axially during operation relative to said rotary transformer stator (2), said transformer secondary coil (5) and said transformer primary coil (3) interacting inductively during operation to generate a transformer voltage in said transformer secondary coil (5), said rotary transformer stator (2) being stationary with respect to said stator (104), said rotary transformer rotor (4) being fixedly arranged in the rotational direction on said rotor (101), said rotor coil (103) being connected to said transformer secondary coil (5) such that a DC voltage for generating said rotor magnetic field is supplied to said rotor coil (103), said system (0) having a signal transmission device (20) for transmitting an operating signal to said rotary transformer rotor (4), said signal transmission device (20) having a rotor signal coil (21) fixedly arranged in the rotational direction with respect to said rotary transformer rotor (4), said signal transmission device having a stator signal coil (22) stationary with respect to said rotary transformer stator (2), said rotor signal coil and said stator signal coil interacting inductively during operation for signal transmission, said stator signal coil (22) being electrically insulated from said transformer primary coil (3), and said rotor signal coil (21) being electrically insulated from said transformer secondary coil (5), A separately excited synchronous machine (100).

2. During operation, the signal transmission device (20) operates at a frequency lower than that of the rotary transformer (1). The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 1.

3. The rotary transformer rotor (4) has a circuit board (8) provided with the secondary coil (5) of the transformer. The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 2.

4. The secondary coil (5) of the transformer has at least one transformer conductor path (9) of the circuit board (8). The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 3.

5. The rotor signal coil (21) has at least one signal conductor path (23) of the circuit board (8). The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 4.

6. The rotor signal coil (21) is arranged at a radial interval with respect to the secondary coil (5) of the transformer. The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 1.

7. The signal transmission device (20) has a rotor signal unit (24a) fixed in the rotational direction with respect to the rotary transformer rotor (4) for processing the operation signal received by the rotor signal coil (21), and the rotor signal unit is downstream of the rotor signal coil (21). An electric filter (25a) for filtering the operation signal received by the rotor signal coil (21) is connected between the rotor signal coil (21) and the rotor signal unit (24a). The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 1.

8. The signal transmission device (20) has a stator signal unit (24b) stationary with respect to the rotary transformer stator (2) for processing the operation signal received by the stator signal coil (22), and the stator signal unit is downstream of the stator signal coil (22). An electric filter (25b) for filtering the operation signal received by the stator signal coil (22) is connected between the stator signal coil (22) and the stator signal unit (24b). The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 1.

9. The secondary coil (5) of the transformer and the primary coil (3) of the transformer are arranged on a transformer core (12) stationary with respect to the rotary transformer stator (2). The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 1.

10. The stator signal coil (22) and the rotor signal coil (21) are arranged on the transformer core (12). The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 9.

11. The stator signal coil (22) and the rotor signal coil (21) are arranged on a signal core (26) spaced apart in the radial direction from the transformer core (12). The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 10.

12. The rotary transformer rotor (4) has a rectifier circuit (6) downstream of the transformer secondary coil (5). The separately excited synchronous machine according to claim 1.

13. An automobile (200) comprising the separately excited synchronous machine according to any one of claims 1 to 12 and an electric energy source (201), wherein the electric energy source (201) is connected to the transformer primary coil (3) via an inverter circuit (7). Automobile (200).

14. A method of using the separately excited synchronous machine according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as a driving motor (120).

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