Braking and / or clamping device with piston-loadable disc elements

Abstract

The invention relates to a braking and / or clamping device which has at least one pneumatic or hydraulic connection and which comprises a ring-shaped casing surrounding an axially oriented rod receiving part, the casing having a bottom part and a cover part, and at least one ring-shaped pressure chamber is arranged inside the casing. The pressure chamber is delimited in the axial direction by at least one axially movable piston. The pressure chamber is delimited in the radial direction by an outer wall of the casing and by at least one inner ring surrounding an inner wall of the casing having at least one inner wall section. A disk element is arranged in the casing on an axially oriented upper piston surface facing away from the pressure chamber, the piston upper surface resting against the disk element or being restable against it or being fixed. The inner wall section protrudes and is arranged in the cover part or in the bottom part of the casing. According to the invention, a braking and / or clamping device is developed which has a small stroke and is highly accurate and reacts quickly.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a braking and / or clamping device which comprises a ring-shaped casing having at least one pneumatic or hydraulic connection and surrounding an axially oriented rod receiving portion, the casing having a bottom part and a cover part, and at least one ring-shaped pressure chamber is arranged inside the casing. [Background technology]

[0002] A braking and / or clamping device of this type is known from WO 2004 / 067222. The pressure chamber is defined by a ring-shaped hose. During clamping, a longitudinally slit annular ring is deformed. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The problem underlying the present invention is to develop a braking and / or clamping device which has a small travel and is highly accurate and reacts quickly. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] This problem is solved by the features of claim 1. For this purpose, the pressure chamber is delimited in the axial direction by at least one axially movable piston with a curved piston upper surface. The pressure chamber is delimited in the radial direction by an outer wall of the casing and by at least one inner ring surrounding an inner wall of the casing with at least one inner wall section. On the axially oriented piston upper surface facing away from the pressure chamber, a disk element is arranged in the casing, which is abutted against or abuttable against or fixable against the disk element. The inner wall section is respectively protruding and arranged in a cover part or in a bottom part of the casing. The disk element abuts against the inner wall section in such a way that the greater the deformation of the disk element, the smaller the load on the inner wall section in the radial direction in the direction of the axially oriented longitudinal axis of the brake and / or clamping device.

[0005] The brake and / or clamping device is used for braking and / or clamping machine parts that are movable relative to one another. In this case, the brake and / or clamping device surrounds, for example, a rod having a center line that coincides with the longitudinal axis of the brake and / or clamping device. In a pressure-free state, the pressure chamber has a minimum volume. The disk element has an initial shape. The disk element loads the inner wall, an inner wall section of which is deformed towards the longitudinal axis. If a rod is mounted in the brake and / or clamping device, in this clamped state the inner wall section is pressed against the rod.

[0006] To ventilate the brake and / or clamping device, air or hydraulic pressure is applied to the pressure chamber. The pressure chamber expands, during which at least one piston, which defines the pressure chamber, slides. Each piston - in the pressure-loaded state of the pressure chamber - loads and deforms at least one disk element. This unloads the inner wall. The self-returning inner wall section takes up its initial unloaded position. The clamping of the rod is released or reduced.

[0007] Further details and features of the invention are evident from the dependent claims and the following description of schematically illustrated embodiments. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a brake and / or clamp device. [Diagram 2] FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 shows an inner ring. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a disk element. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 with a cover portion removed. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 in a clamped state. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 in a vented state. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 shows a braking and / or clamping device with one piston. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 shows a variation of the braking and / or clamping device. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 shows a bottom portion of the device of FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 12 shows a cover portion of the device of FIG. 11. [Figure 14] FIG. 12 shows the inner ring of the device of FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 12 shows a disk element of the device of FIG. 11. [Figure 16] FIG. 12 is an isometric cross-sectional view of FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 12 shows the device of FIG. 11 in a vented state. [Figure 18] FIG. 12 shows the device of FIG. 11 in a clamped state. [Figure 19]FIG. 13 shows another variant of the braking and / or clamping device. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 shows a bottom portion of the braking and / or clamping device of FIG. 19. [Figure 21] FIG. 20 shows a cover portion of the brake and / or clamp device of FIG. 19. [Figure 22] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a disk element. [Figure 23] FIG. 20 shows the device of FIG. 19 in a clamped state. [Figure 24] FIG. 20 shows the device of FIG. 19 in a vented state. [Diagram 25] FIG. 25 is a detailed view of FIG. 24. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] In the figures 1 to 9 a braking and / or clamping device (10) is shown. Such a device (10) is used, for example, in a machine tool, for example to slow down or fix a machine table relative to a guide rod. The braking and / or clamping device (10) is movable or adjustable along the guide rod in the axial direction (15). In the radial direction, the braking and / or clamping device (10) completely surrounds the guide rod, which is not shown here. The braking and / or clamping device (10) has two operating states. The first operating state is the venting or release position (11) (see figure 9). In this venting position (11), the braking and / or clamping device (10) is, for example, movable relative to the guide rod in the axial direction (15). Another operating state is the clamping position (12) (see figure 8). In this clamping position (12), the braking and / or clamping device (10) abuts against the guide rod in a radially pressing manner for braking and / or blocking.

[0010] The braking and / or clamping device (10) has a flat, e.g. ring-shaped casing (21), which has, e.g. a central rod receiving portion (22). The, e.g. circular cross-section of the rod receiving portion (22) is oriented perpendicularly to a central longitudinal axis (14) of the braking and / or clamping device (10) oriented in the axial direction (15). The longitudinal axis (14) coincides with the centerline of the rod receiving portion (22). The circumferential surface (23) of the casing (21) is, e.g., formed concentrically with the rod receiving portion (22).

[0011] The rod receiving portion (22) has a nominal diameter of 50 mm in this embodiment. This nominal diameter corresponds to the outer diameter of the guide rod that can be received in the rod receiving portion (22). In the vented state of the brake and / or clamping device (10), the diameter of the rod receiving portion (22) is, for example, 0.06% larger than the nominal diameter. In the clamped position (12) - with no guide rod inserted - the diameter can be reduced, for example, to 96% of the nominal diameter.

[0012] The outer diameter of the braking and / or clamping device (10) is in this embodiment 2.9 times the nominal diameter. The length of the braking and / or clamping device (10) in the axial direction (15) is, for example, 34% of the nominal diameter. The length of the braking and / or clamping device (10) is therefore less than 50% of the nominal diameter of the rod receiving part (22).

[0013] In this embodiment, the casing (21) has one pneumatic connection (13) on both its upper side (24) and its lower side (25). One of these connections (13) may be closed by a plug cap. It is also conceivable to provide two connections on the upper side (24) and / or on the lower side (25). One connection or several connections may also be provided on the peripheral surface (23) of the braking and / or clamping device (10). In this embodiment, the pneumatic connection (13) is provided in an edge region (32) of a cover part (31) of the casing (21). Instead of the at least one pneumatic connection (13), at least one hydraulic connection may also be provided on the casing (21).

[0014] The casing (21) comprises a bottom part (51) and a cover part (31) joined to the bottom part. In the present embodiment, the two parts (31, 51) are screwed together. For this purpose, both the cover part (31) and the bottom part (51) are fitted with connecting threads (26) which are screwed into respective threads (53, 33) on the other part (51, 31). However, the two parts (31, 51) can also be connected to one another in a material-fastened manner, for example by welding, or in a friction-fastened and / or form-fastened manner, for example by a screw connection or by locking elements. The connecting threads (26) are in this case each arranged in the edge region (32).

[0015] The inner wall (27) of the casing (21), which defines the rod receiving area (22), is formed in this embodiment from an envelope contour consisting of sixteen inner wall sections (41, 81). The inner wall sections (41, 81) are formed in this embodiment as clamp contact plates (41, 81). One half of these clamp contact plates (41, 81) is arranged in the bottom part (51) and projects in the direction of the cover part (31). These clamp contact plates (81) are referred to below as first clamp contact plates (81). The other half of these clamp contact plates (41, 81) is arranged in the cover part (31) and projects in the direction of the bottom part (51). These clamp contact plates (41) are referred to below as second clamp contact plates (41). Each clamp contact plate (41; 81) has a clamp contact area (43; 83) at its free end (42, 82). The clamping contact area is oriented, for example radially, towards the longitudinal axis (14).

[0016] In the present embodiment, all inner wall sections (41; 81) are identically configured and are arranged along a common partial circle of the casing (21), for example in the plane of the separating gap (28). In the present embodiment, the inner wall sections are respectively arranged along a ring-shaped line. The inner wall sections have the same geometric dimensions. However, it is also conceivable that the individual inner wall sections (41; 81) or groups of inner wall sections (41; 81) are configured with different widths, for example in the circumferential direction. For example, the individual inner wall sections (41; 81) may be configured in the shape of a pin.

[0017] The clamp contact jaws (41; 81) shown in Fig. 1 are equally spaced from one another, however the spacing between the individual clamp contact plates (41; 81) may also be different.

[0018] 2 shows the bottom part (51). The bottom part (51) has a rigid outer wall (52), a bottom surface (71) and a first clamp contact plate (81). The outer wall (52) is pierced in the axial direction (15) by a through hole (54) and a threaded hole (53) for the coupling screw (26).

[0019] Furthermore, the outer wall 52 is provided with a centering pin receptacle 56 and an assembly bore 57. The outer wall 52 is embossed with a distribution channel 58 and an inlet area 64, by means of which, for example, compressed air is guided from the pneumatic connection 13 into the pressure chamber 16 of the braking and / or clamping device 10.

[0020] The outer wall (52) is circumferentially cylindrical. Its inner surface (59) is stepped. Adjacent to the bottom surface (71), the inner surface has a disk receiving area (61) arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis (14). The disk receiving area is followed by a transition area (62). Above the transition area, in the views of FIGS. 2, 8 and 9, an outer piston guide area (63) is formed. The outer piston guide area (63) is cylindrical and arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis (14). The outer piston guide area (63) is followed at the upper edge of the outer wall (52) by a lead-in area (64).

[0021] The bottom surface (71) is ring-shaped. It has a central annular recess (72) (see Figs. 8 and 9). The width of the annular recess (72) corresponds in this embodiment to 82% of the distance of the clamping contact plate (81) to the outer wall (52). The center line of curvature is, for example, located at half of said distance. The inner surface (73) of the bottom surface (71) may be half curved or may be flat. If half curved, this curvature may be located on the outside or inside of a cylinder coaxial with the longitudinal axis (14) and form the center line of curvature.

[0022] In this embodiment, each of the first clamp contact plates (81) covers one ring section of 22 degrees. Each of the first clamp contact plates is connected to the bottom surface (71) of the bottom part (51). Each of the clamp contact plates (81) has, for example, a clamp arm (84) of approximately constant cross section. The outer radius of the clamp arm (84) is, for example, 3% larger than the inner radius. The clamp arm (84) may have, for example, a rectangular cross section in certain areas. Also, each of the clamp arms (84) may be tapered relative to the remaining clamp contact plates (81). Optionally, each of the clamp contact plates (81) may have, on its inner surface (85), a longitudinal notch oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis (14).

[0023] The inner surface (85) of each clamp contact plate (81) facing the longitudinal axis (14) is provided with a clamp contact area (83). The clamp contact area is formed to be raised toward the longitudinal axis (14) by 1 / 10 mm. The sum of the contact areas of all clamp contact areas (43, 83) of the first contact plate (81) and the second clamp contact plate (41) is in this embodiment greater than 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the nominal diameter. In this embodiment, the sum of all contact areas is 25% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the nominal diameter. The clamp contact areas (43, 83) may have a coating, for example a brake lining or a friction lining.

[0024] The outer surface of the clamping contact plates (81) is embossed with, for example, a plug groove (86) in each case. This plug groove (86) extends in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, the plug groove has a constant depth and a constant length in the axial direction (15). For example, the plug groove (86) of one clamping contact plate (81) can have a centering web, for example oriented in the longitudinal direction.

[0025] 3 shows the cover portion (31). The cover portion (31) is configured similarly to the bottom portion (51).

[0026] For example, the bottom part (51) and the cover part (31) have the same external dimensions. The outer wall (34) of the cover part (31) is formed in this embodiment without a distribution passage (58) and without an introduction area (64). The cover part (31) supports second clamp contact plates (41) in the area adjacent to the rod receiving part (22). These second clamp contact plates (41) are connected to the cover (35) of the cover part (31). These second clamp contact plates overhang in the axial direction (15) in this figure. In the assembled state of the brake and / or clamp device (10), the second clamp contact plates project towards the bottom part (51).

[0027] In FIG. 4, the pistons (90; 100) are shown. The braking and / or clamping device (10) in this embodiment has two pistons (90; 100) whose respective undersides (91; 101) face each other (see FIGS. 8 and 9). Both pistons (90, 100) are formed identically in this embodiment. The individual pistons (90; 100) are ring pistons (90; 100). The outer diameter of the ring piston is, for example, 2.25 times the inner diameter of the ring piston. The inner diameter is, for example, 9.6% larger than the nominal diameter of the braking and / or clamping device (10). This inner diameter of the ring piston (90; 100) is at least 5% larger than the nominal diameter of the braking and / or clamping device (10). The inner surface (92), formed coaxially with respect to the longitudinal axis (14), has a ring groove (93) for receiving a sealing ring (108) (see FIG. 8). Another seal ring groove (94) for receiving an outer seal ring (109) is embossed in the peripheral surface (95) of the ring piston (90; 100).

[0028] The piston underside (91; 101) has an annular ring (96) having, for example, a length of 1 / 10 mm in the axial direction (15) and a width of 2.5 mm in the radial direction.

[0029] The piston upper surface (97) has an annular ridge (98) formed as a curve. The radius of curvature of the curve of the ridge (98) is, in this embodiment, 2.4 times the nominal diameter of the brake and / or clamp device (10). The curve centerline is located on the central diameter of the ring piston (90; 100). The top (99) of the ridge (98) is offset in the longitudinal direction (15) relative to the edge by 2% of the nominal diameter in this embodiment. The ridge (98) may be formed as an annular web. The ridge is arranged coaxially relative to the inner surface (92) of the piston (90; 100).

[0030] In FIG. 5, the inner ring (110) is shown. In this embodiment, the inner ring (110) has a constant cross-sectional profile. The outer surface (111) and the inner surface (112) of the inner ring, which are formed in a cylindrical shape, are formed coaxially with respect to the longitudinal axis (14). The inner diameter of the inner ring (110) is in this embodiment 5% larger than the nominal diameter of the braking and / or clamping device (10). The outer diameter is in this embodiment 9.2% larger than the nominal diameter. The length of the inner ring (110) in the axial direction (15) is, for example, 18% of the nominal diameter. In the assembled state of the braking and / or clamping device (10), the inner ring (110) surrounds the inner wall (27). For example, the inner ring is supported in a floating manner in the axial direction (15) inside the casing (21).

[0031] In FIG. 6 the disk elements (120; 140) are shown. In this embodiment the releasable braking and / or clamping device (10) has at least two disk elements (120; 140). The first disk element (120) is supported in the bottom part (51) between the bottom surface (71) and the first ring piston (90). The second disk element (140) is located in the cover part (31) between the second ring piston (100) and the cover (35). Both disk elements (120, 140) are identically formed. In this embodiment, both disk elements (120, 140) are flat disks that are plane-parallel in the unassembled state. The individual disk elements (120, 140) can be curved in the manner of a disk spring. It is also conceivable that several disk elements (120, 140) are arranged one on top of the other.

[0032] The outer diameter of the disk element (120, 140), which is formed, for example, in the shape of a ring, is in this embodiment 2.44 times the nominal diameter of the braking and / or clamping device (10). The inner diameter of the disk element (120, 140) is, for example, 3.5% larger than the nominal diameter. The thickness of the disk element (120, 140) is, for example, 1.8% of the nominal diameter of the braking and / or clamping device (10). The individual disk elements (120, 140) may also be formed in the shape of a strip. In this case, the individual disk elements have two circumferential sections in the shape of circular sections facing each other and a central through hole (122). The individual disk elements (120, 140) are made of a metallic material, for example steel, spring steel, aluminum, etc.

[0033] Each disk element (120, 140) has a number of disk segments (121). In this embodiment, the number of disk segments (121) of the disk element (120; 140) is twice the number of first clamp contact plates (81) or twice the number of second clamp contact plates (41). The individual disk segments (121) are separated from each other by slits (123) adjacent to the respective central through holes (122). Each slit (123) has a length of, for example, 62.5% of the nominal diameter and a width of, for example, 2.4% of the nominal diameter. Each individual slit (123) terminates in one load relief hole (124).

[0034] Each disk segment (121) has a segment pressure area (125) adjacent to the central through hole (122) and an open surface (126) that is spaced apart from the envelope contour of the central through hole (122). In this embodiment, the circumferential length of the segment pressure area (125) is less than half the imaginary sector arc length of the disk segment (121) at the central through hole (122). This arc length is less than half the distance between two adjacent slits (123). The open surface (126) is defined in this case, for example, by a quarter ellipse. The individual disk segments (121) are arranged such that each of the two segment pressure areas (125) and each of the two open surfaces (126) are located adjacent to one another. Further through holes (127) are arranged in the outer area of ​​the disk element (120; 140).

[0035] In the assembled state of the brake and / or clamping device (10), the outer peripheral surface (128) of the first disk element (120) is located in the disk receiving area (61) of the outer wall (52) of the bottom part (51). The segment pressure areas (125) are mounted in the plug grooves (86) of the second clamp contact plate (41). In this case, two segment pressure areas (125) are respectively applied against the clamp contact plate (41). For example, the radial position of the disk element (120) is centered relative to the second clamp contact plate (41) by means of centering webs arranged in the plug grooves (86). The open faces (126) are located respectively outside the first clamp contact plate (41), so that they do not come into contact with the first clamp contact plate.

[0036] The second disk element (140) is likewise arranged in the cover part (31). The segment pressure area (125) of the second disk element (140) in this case rests against the first clamp contact plate (81).

[0037] The inner ring (110), the outer wall (34, 52) of the casing (21), and the pistons (90, 100) define a pressure chamber (16) which is connected to a hydraulic or pneumatic connection (13). The pistons (90, 100) are sealed against the inner ring (110) by a sealing ring (108) and against the outer wall (34, 52) by a sealing ring (109), respectively.

[0038] When the pressure chamber (16) is not pressurized, the brake and / or clamping device (10) assumes the clamping position (12) shown in FIG. 8. The pistons (90, 100) are located at a small distance from each other in the vicinity of the separation gap (28) between the bottom part (51) and the cover part (31). For example, the two pistons (90, 100) rest against each other on an annular ring (96). The pressure chamber (16) has a minimum volume. The disk elements (120, 140) are in contact with the raised portions (98) of the pistons (90, 100), for example in a flat initial position. In this position, the disk elements (120, 140) bear against the clamping contact plates (41, 81). The clamping contact plates (41, 81) are elastically deformed by the disk elements (120, 140) towards the longitudinal axis (14). For example, the clamp arm 84 forms a bending zone of the clamp contact plate 41, 81. This bending zone may be limited to a certain area of ​​the clamp arm 84, for example to a region of reduced cross section. It is also conceivable to form the bending zone in the form of a joint.

[0039] In this clamping position (12), both the first clamping contact plate (81) and the second clamping contact plate (41) protrude into the rod receiving part (22), for example by the same amount. The rod gripped by the brake and / or clamping device (10) is thereby gripped stably. The clamping contact areas (43, 83) abut against the rod over a large area. This allows the position of the brake and / or clamping device (10) relative to the rod to be held with high precision. In this case, the first and second clamping contact plates (41, 81) allow high clamping forces.

[0040] In order to slide the brake and / or clamp device (10) against the rod, the brake and / or clamp device (10) is ventilated (see FIG. 9). For this purpose, compressed air is pumped into the pressure chamber (16), for example via the pneumatic connection (13). The two pistons (90, 100) are pushed away from each other. The pressure chamber (16) expands. The stroke of the individual pistons (90; 100) in the axial direction (15) is, for example, 2% of the nominal diameter. The first piston (90), which is pushed away in the direction of the bottom surface (71), bears against the first disk element (120) with its raised portion (98). The first disk element (120) is then held both in the disk receiving area (61) of the outer wall (52) and in the plug groove (86) of the clamp contact plate (41). The second disk element (140) is likewise held on the first clamping contact plate (81) in the cover part (31). The loading of the individual disk elements (120, 140) by the pistons (90, 100) leads to an elastic deformation of the disk elements (120, 140). The disk elements (120, 140) come into contact with the ridges (98) at least in the region of the apex (99). The segment pressure areas (125) move radially outwards. The radial stroke of the segment pressure areas (125) is, for example, 1.6% of the nominal diameter. The clamping contact plates (41, 81) are relieved. The greater the deformation of the individual disk elements (120; 140), the less the load on the respectively assigned clamping contact plate (41; 81). Due to the elastic return deformation, the clamping contact plate takes up the initial position shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The braking and / or clamping device (10) is vented.

[0041] FIG. 9 shows the braking and / or clamping device (10) in the venting position (11). The pressure chamber (16) has a maximum volume. The pistons (90, 100) also define the pressure chamber (16) in this venting position (11). The first piston (90) is in a lower end position. The first disk element (120) is curved in the direction of the bottom surface (71). The second piston (100) is in an upper end position. The second disk element (140) is deformed in the direction of the cover (35). When the disk elements (41; 81) are loaded, the respectively assigned inner wall section (41; 81) is unloaded. The rods mounted in the rod receiving parts (22) can, for example, slide freely in the venting state of the braking and / or clamping device (10).

[0042] To brake and / or clamp again, the pressure in the pressure chamber (16), for example the air pressure, is reduced. For this purpose, the internal pressure in the pressure chamber (16) can be adapted to the ambient pressure by means of a release valve. It is also conceivable to reduce the pressure in the pressure chamber (16), for example by means of a suction pump. For example, each disk element (120; 140) can be fixed to the associated piston (90; 100). The disk element (120; 140) and the piston (90; 100) can also be pressure-loaded from the side opposite the pressure chamber (16). The two pistons (90, 100) are each moved toward each other in the axial direction (15).

[0043] Both disk elements (120, 140) are unloaded. They elastically deform, for example, returning to their flat initial position. In so doing, the disk elements (120, 140) push the respective clamping contact plate (41, 81) towards the clamping position (12) shown in FIG. 8. The less the deformation of the individual disk elements (120; 140) decreases, the more the deformation of the associated clamping contact plate (41; 81) increases.

[0044] The clamping stroke of the individual clamping contact plates (41; 81) in the region of the clamping contact area (43; 38) corresponds, for example, to the radial stroke of the segment pressure area (125). The return deformation of the disk elements (120, 140) and the elastic deformation of the clamping contact plates (41, 81) take place, for example, simultaneously with the movement of the pistons (90, 100). The braking and / or clamping device (10) thereby reacts directly to pressure changes in the pressure chamber (16). In the installed state, when the disk elements (120; 140) are not loaded, the inner wall sections (41; 81) press against the rod.

[0045] 10 shows a cross-sectional view of one variant of the brake and / or clamp device 10. This brake and / or clamp device 10 has, for example, the same nominal diameter and outer dimensions of the rod receiving portion 22 as the brake and / or clamp device 10 described in the embodiment above.

[0046] In this embodiment, the bottom part (51) is formed similarly to the bottom part (51) shown in FIG. 2. The inner ring (110) is molded in the view of FIG. 10 onto the bottom part (51). However, the inner ring (110) may also be supported in this embodiment so as to float in the axial direction (15). The inner ring may also be screwed onto the bottom part (51). The inner and outer diameters of this inner ring (110) correspond to the dimensions of the inner ring (110) shown in FIG. 5. If necessary, the inner ring (110) may be made thicker in the area of ​​the bottom (71) than in the piston guide area (113). In this case, for example, the inner ring (110) forms a stroke stop.

[0047] The clamp contact plates (81) arranged on the bottom part (51) are formed as described above. Instead of the e.g. eight clamp contact plates (81) of the first embodiment, the brake and / or clamp device (10) can have at least two clamp contact plates (81) arranged on the bottom part (51).

[0048] The cover part (31) is formed similarly to the cover part (31) shown in Fig. 3. However, in the view of Fig. 10, the cover part does not have a clamping contact plate (41). In this embodiment, a rigid tongue can be arranged at the location of the clamping contact plate (41) on the cover part side.

[0049] A piston (100) is supported in the cover portion (31) so as to be slidable in the axial direction (15). This piston (100) is formed like the piston (100) shown in Fig. 4. The disk element (140) used in this embodiment corresponds to, for example, the disk element (140) shown in Fig. 6.

[0050] During assembly, for example, at least one disk element (140) is first inserted into the cover part (31). Optionally, the disk element (140) can be fixed against rotation. The piston (100) provided with the sealing elements (108, 109) is then mounted on the cover part (31) with the raised portion (98) facing the disk element (140). The bottom part (51) and the inner ring (110) are then mounted, for example, with the segment pressing area (125) located between the clamp contact plates (81). After the bottom part (51) is fitted on, it is pivoted relative to the disk element (140) about the longitudinal axis (14), for example by half a pitch of the clamp contact plates (81). The segment pressing area (125) is now located behind the clamp contact plates (81). The open face (126) is located between the clamp contact plates (81). The bottom part (51) and the cover part (31) can now be joined together. Other sequences of assembly are also contemplated.

[0051] When the piston (100) is unloaded, the disk element (140) supported on the cover part (31) radially loads the clamping contact plate (81) arranged on the bottom part (51) towards the longitudinal axis (14). In this case, the piston (100) can abut against a stroke stop. The brake and / or clamping device (10) can slow down the relative movement of the rod or fix the rod relative to the brake and / or clamping device (10).

[0052] For venting the braking and / or clamping device (10), the piston (100) is moved, e.g. by compressed air, towards the disk element (140), which elastically deforms and unloads the clamp contact plate (81). The self-returning clamp contact plate (81) then assumes its initial unloaded position.

[0053] The brake and / or clamp device (10) shown in Figure 10 may be formed with a clamp contact plate (41) arranged on the cover part (31). The piston (90) and the disk element (120) are in this case supported on the bottom part (51).

[0054] In the embodiment shown, the inner wall section (81) facing the bottom part is part of the bottom part (51) and the inner wall section (41) facing the cover part is part of the cover part (31). However, it is also conceivable that the inner wall section (41; 81) is supported on the bottom part (51) and / or on the cover part (31), for example in a spring-loaded joint. In this case, a joint spring, which relieves the load when the disk element (120; 140) is loaded by the piston (90, 100), returns the inner wall section (41, 81) to its initial unloaded position.

[0055] 11 to 18 show another example of the braking and / or clamping device 10. The nominal diameter and the outer dimensions of the rod receiving portion 22 correspond, for example, to the braking and / or clamping device 10 described in connection with the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0056] The housing (21) of the braking and / or clamping device (10) also has in this embodiment a bottom part (51) and a cover part (31) which is joined to the bottom part (51). In this case, the bottom part (51) comprises a first inner wall section (81). The first inner wall section (81) is also formed as a clamp contact plate (81) in this embodiment. In the bottom side (71), through holes (75) are arranged in the area of ​​the first clamp contact plate (81). The through holes are, for example, located in the area of ​​the connection of the individual clamp contact plates (81) to the bottom side (71). The individual clamp contact plates (81) do not have plug-in grooves (86) on their outer side (87).

[0057] The cover part (31) includes a second inner wall section (41) formed as a clamp contact plate (41). The cover part (31) also has a through hole (36). The through hole is arranged in the area where the second clamp contact plate (41) is connected to the cover (35).

[0058] The individual pistons (90; 100) are formed similarly to the pistons (90; 100) shown in Figure 4. The inner diameter of the pistons is, in this embodiment, 25% larger than the nominal diameter.

[0059] FIG. 14 shows the inner ring (110) of this embodiment. In the assembled state of the brake and / or clamp device (10), the inner ring (110) surrounds the inner wall (27) of the casing (21). The inner ring (110) is circumferentially cylindrical. The outer surface (111) of the inner ring forms the inner piston guide area (113). A threaded insert (115) is arranged on the end face (114). Optionally, a spacer (116) can be arranged on the end face (114) of the inner ring (110) opposite the threaded insert (115).

[0060] In FIG. 15, a disk element (120; 140) is shown. The number of disk segments (121) of each disk element (120; 140) corresponds to twice the number of first clamp contact plates (81) or second clamp contact plates (41). The disk segments (121) have a quadrant-shaped open face (126). The arc length of each segment pressure area (125) is, for example, 40% of a sector defined by the disk segments (120; 140). In this embodiment, multiple disk elements (120; 140) may also be arranged one on top of the other.

[0061] In Fig. 16, an isometric cross-sectional view of the brake and / or clamp device (10) is shown, in which the cover part (31) is partially cut away. In this embodiment, the first clamp contact plate (81) and the second clamp contact plate (41) also form the inner wall (27) of the casing (21).

[0062] In the assembled state of the brake and / or clamping device (10) of this embodiment, the first piston (90) and the first disk element (120) are located in the bottom part (51). The segmented pressure area (125) of the first disk element (120) faces towards the second clamp contact plate (41). In the illustrated state, the first piston (90) loads the first disk element (120). The second clamp contact plate (41), which projects towards the bottom part (51), is unloaded. For example, the segmented pressure area (125) rests against the outer surface of the clamp contact plate (41).

[0063] Within the cover part (31), the second piston (100) bears against the second disk element (140). The second piston (100) is in this case sealed against both the outer wall (34) and the inner ring (110). The first clamp contact plate (81) is relieved. The first piston (90) and the second piston (100) again in this embodiment define the pressure chamber (16).

[0064] The inner ring (110) is in this embodiment screwed to both the cover part (31) and the bottom part (51). For this purpose, as a fastening means (29), for example, a hexagonal screw (29) is fitted in the through hole (36; 75). The inner ring (110) does not have to be fixed. For this purpose, for example, the axial preload of the casing (21) can be designed accordingly. The threaded insert (115) is fitted in the area surrounded by the open face (126).

[0065] In Fig. 17, a cross-section of the braking and / or clamping device (10) of Fig. 11 is shown in the venting position (11). The pressure chamber (16) is pressure loaded. The first piston (90) is in its lower end position. The first disk element (120) is supported in the bottom part (51) on the outside by the disk receiving area (61) and on the inside by the disk element contact area (65). The first disk element (120) is deformed between these two counterholders (61, 65). The second clamping contact plate (41) is unloaded.

[0066] The second piston (100) is in its upper end position. The deformed second disk element (140) relieves the first clamp contact plate (81), which is in the initial position shown in FIG. 12.

[0067] In figure 18, the brake and / or clamping device (10) is shown in the clamped position (12). The pressure chamber (16) is depressurized. Both pistons (90, 100) have been moved towards the separation gap (28) between the bottom part (51) and the cover part (31). The disc elements (120, 140) are unloaded and elastically deform, e.g. return to their flat initial position.

[0068] In this case, the disk element elastically deforms the inner wall 27. All first clamping contact plates 81 and all second clamping contact plates 41 are deformed towards the longitudinal axis 14. To release the clamping again, the pressure chamber 16 can be loaded again, for example with air pressure.

[0069] Optionally, a further pressure chamber can be arranged between the first disk element (120) and the bottom surface (71) and / or between the second disk element (140) and the cover (35). In this case, this further pressure chamber has, for example, a further piston which can be applied against the disk element (120; 140). This further pressure chamber can then be pressurized, for example, in the opposite direction to the first pressure chamber (16). As a result, the individual disk elements (120; 140) can be pressurized, for example, in the first pressure chamber (16) with negative pressure and in the further pressure chamber with positive pressure, for example, for clamping with a rapid reaction.

[0070] 19 to 25 show another variant of the brake and / or clamp device (10). This brake and / or clamp device has the same external dimensions as the brake and / or clamp device (10) shown in the above embodiment. For example, the pneumatic connection (13) is arranged on the upper surface (24) of the casing (21).

[0071] The casing (21) has a bottom part (51) shown in FIG. 20 and a cover part (31) shown in FIG. 21. In the assembled state of the brake and / or clamp device (10), the two parts are joined by a connecting screw (26). The pneumatic connection (13) opens into a two-part pressure chamber (16). In the assembled state of the brake and / or clamp device (10), a first pressure chamber area (17) is located in the bottom part (51) between the bottom surface (71) and the first piston (90) (see FIGS. 24 and 25). A second pressure chamber area (18) is located in the cover part (31) between the cover (35) and the second ring piston (100). The two pressure chamber areas (17, 18) are connected to one another by a connecting passage (19) arranged in the outer wall (34, 52). In the bottom part (51), the connecting passage (19) opens into a delta-shaped expanding bottom nozzle (76). A geometrically identically formed cover nozzle (37), for example, is formed in the cover part (31).

[0072] The inner ring (110) of the braking and / or clamping device (10) is in this embodiment formed from two parts. The inner ring has two support rings (117, 118) which are congruent with one another. The first support ring (117) is formed in the bottom part (51). The first support ring is, for example, integrally molded in the bottom part (71). However, the first support ring (117) can also be attached to the bottom part (81). The second support ring (118) is formed or attached to the cover part (31). The inner diameter of each of the support rings (117; 118) is 14% larger than the nominal diameter of the braking and / or clamping device (10). The outer diameter of each of the support rings (117; 118) is in this embodiment 34% larger than the nominal diameter of the braking and / or clamping device (10). The length of each of the support rings (117; 118) in the longitudinal direction (15) is 12.5% ​​of the nominal diameter. The free end of each of the support rings (117; 118) is chamfered on the outer surface. In the views of Figures 23 to 25, a centering pin receiver (119) passes through the inner ring (110).

[0073] The inner wall (27) of the braking and / or clamping device (10) has two inner wall sections (41; 81). Both inner wall sections (41; 81) are ring-shaped. The first inner wall section (81) is part of the base part (51). The second inner wall section (41) is part of the cover part (31). The length of each inner wall section (41; 81) in the axial direction (15) is in the present embodiment 16.8% of the nominal diameter. Between the inner wall section (41) on the cover part side and the inner wall section (81) on the base part side, an annular gap with a length of, for example, 0.2 mm is formed. This gap is, for example, formed symmetrically with respect to the separating gap (28).

[0074] Each inner wall section (41; 81) has a clamping contact area (43; 83) at its free end (42, 82). The clamping contact areas are each formed in the shape of a ring. The thickness of each inner wall section (41; 81) in the region of the clamping contact area (43; 83) is, in the present embodiment, 1.5% of the nominal diameter. Each clamping arm (44, 84) connects the clamping contact area (43, 83) to the inner ring (110). The transition is, in the present embodiment, formed in the shape of a circular arc. The thickness of the inner wall section (41; 81) in the region of the clamping arm (44, 84) is, for example, 81% of the thickness in the region of the clamping contact area (43, 83).

[0075] Each inner wall section (41; 81) has an outer surface (47, 87) with a crimp bevel (48; 88) at its free end (42, 82). The crimp bevel forms a 10 degree angle with the clamp contact area (43, 83). The crimp bevel (48, 88) transitions into the respective clamp arm (44, 84) with a radius.

[0076] The cylindrical area of ​​the outer surface (111) of the inner ring (110) also forms a guide surface for the pistons (90, 100) in this embodiment. The pistons (90; 100) are formed as described in connection with the previous embodiment. On their inner surface (92), they have a ring groove (93) for receiving a sealing ring (108) by means of which the respective piston (90; 100) is sealed against the outer surface (111) of the inner ring (110). On their circumferential surface (95), each of the pistons (90; 100) has a sealing ring groove (94) for receiving an outer sealing ring (109) by means of which the respective piston (90; 100) is guided along the outer wall (34; 52).

[0077] The pistons (90; 100) are arranged in the casing (21) with their raised portions (98) facing each other. The lower surface (91) of the piston (90) on the bottom part side faces the bottom surface (71). The bottom nozzle (76) is aligned with the bottom surface (71). The lower surface (101) of the piston (100) on the cover part side faces the cover (35). The cover nozzle (37) is adjacent to the cover (35).

[0078] Between the two pistons (90, 100) a disk element (120, 140) is arranged. The two disk elements (120, 140) are separated from each other by two rings (151, 152). The two rings (151, 152) consist, for example, of the same material, which may be an elastomeric, metallic material, etc. The rings have the same, for example circular, cross section. The thickness of the individual rings (151; 152) is 3 mm in this embodiment.

[0079] The first ring (151) is hereinafter referred to as the inner ring (151). The inner ring has a median diameter that is, for example, 8% larger than the nominal diameter of the braking and / or clamping device (10). This ring (151) is located within a ring chamber (130) that is defined by the inner wall (27) and the inner ring (110).

[0080] The second ring (152) is hereinafter referred to as the outer ring (152). The median diameter of the outer ring (152) is, in this embodiment, 2.5 times the nominal diameter. The outer ring (152) is located, for example, within a stepped recess (38, 77) in the outer wall (34, 52).

[0081] In Fig. 22 the disk elements (120; 140) of this embodiment are shown. Both disk elements (120, 140) are, for example, identically formed. In this embodiment, both disk elements have a thickness of 1 mm. The outer diameter of each disk element (120; 140) is, for example, 2.53 times the nominal diameter. The inner diameter of the undeformed disk elements (120, 140) is 2.7% larger than the nominal diameter.

[0082] Each disk element (120; 140) also has, in this embodiment, 16 disk segments (121) separated from one another by radial slits (123). The central, longitudinal axis (14)-oriented pressing area (125) of each segment is, in this embodiment, formed without an open face.

[0083] When assembling the brake and / or clamp device (10) shown in Figs. 19 to 25, for example, the first piston (90) is inserted into the bottom part (51) and the second piston (100) is inserted into the cover part (31) so that the piston tops (97) are visible. Then, one disk element (120; 140) is inserted into the disk placement part (39) and the disk receiving area (61). Before combining the two sub-assemblies, both rings (151, 152) are inserted. Finally, the bottom part (51) is joined to the cover part (31). The assembly may be performed in a different order in this embodiment as well. The brake and / or clamp device (10) is attached to the rod in the same manner as described in connection with the other embodiments.

[0084] In the unloaded state of the pressure chamber (16), the pistons (90, 100) are in end positions. For example, the lower piston (90) rests against the bottom surface (71) of the bottom part (51), for example with an annular ring (96). The upper piston (100) rests against the cover (35) of the cover part (31), for example with an annular ring (96). The two disk elements (120, 140) rest, for example, against the piston top surface (97), which are located, for example, parallel to one another, in the casing (21). In this case, the disk elements (120, 140) rest against the inner wall sections (41, 81), which are deformed radially inwards in the direction of the longitudinal axis (14). In this case, the first disk element (120) presses against the respective first inner wall section (81). The second disk elements (140) are respectively bearing against the second inner wall sections (41). In such a closed position, the brake and / or clamp device (10) clamps the rod accommodated in the rod accommodation portion (22).

[0085] When the pressure chamber (16) is pressurized, for example, air pressure is generated in both the first pressure chamber area (17) and the second pressure chamber area (18). The pistons (90, 100) are moved toward each other in the axial direction (15) relative to the casing (21). When the pistons (90, 100) move, each disk element (120; 140) comes into close contact with the respective adjacent piston (90; 100). The rings (151, 152) are loaded. The greater the movement of the pistons (90, 100), the greater the contact area of ​​the disk element (120, 140) with the raised portion (98) of the respective piston (90, 100). The respective inner wall sections (41, 81) are unloaded. The inner wall (27) elastically deforms and returns to its initial position. In this embodiment too, the return deformation can be assisted by pressure on the piston upper surface (97) and / or negative pressure on the piston lower surface (91; 101).

[0086] The braking and / or clamping device shown in Figs. 19 to 25 may be formed with a single piston (90; 100) and a single disk element (120; 140). Several pistons (90; 100) may also move in the same direction relative to the casing (21). In this case, more than one disk element (120; 140) may be used per piston (90; 100). The braking and / or clamping device (10) may also have only one deformable inner wall section (41; 81). However, several pistons (90; 100), disk elements (120; 140) and / or inner wall sections (41; 81) may also be used. In this case, for example, at least one disk element (120; 140) and piston (90; 100) are assigned to each deformable inner wall section (41; 81).

[0087] Combinations of the individual embodiments are also conceivable. [Explanation of symbols]

[0088] 10 Brake and / or clamping devices 11 Vent position, release position 12 Clamp position 13 Connections, pneumatic connections 14 Longitudinal axis 15 Axial and longitudinal directions 16 Pressure Chamber 17 First pressure chamber area 18 Second pressure chamber area 19 Connecting Passage 21 Casing 22 Rod storage section 23 (21) Circumference 24 Top, end, cover side 25 Bottom surface, end surface, bottom side 26 Connection screw 27 Inner wall 28 Separation Gap 29 Hexagonal screw, connecting means 31 Cover part 32 Edge area 33 Threads 34 Exterior Wall 35 Cover 36 Through hole 37 Cover nozzle 38 Step recess 39 Disk placement section 41 Inner wall section, second clamp contact plate Free end of 42 (41) 43 Clamp Contact Area 44 Clamp arm 47 Exterior 48 Pressure Bevel 51 Bottom part 52 Exterior Wall 53 Thread 54 Through hole 56 Centering pin receiver 57 Assembly hole 58 Distribution aisle 59 Inside 61 Disk storage area, storage groove 62 Transition Zone 63 Outer piston guide area 64 Introduction area 65 Disc element contact part, corresponding holder 71 Bottom 72 Circular recess Inside of 73 (71) 75 Through hole 76 Bottom Nozzle 77 Step recess 81 Inner wall section, first clamp contact plate Free end of 82 (81) 83 Clamp Contact Area 84 Clamp arm Inside of 85 (81) 86 Insertion groove, corresponding holder 87 Exterior 88 Pressure Bevel 90 piston, first piston, ring piston Underside of 91 (90) 92 Inside 93 Ring groove 94 Seal ring groove 95 Peripheral surface 96 Circular Ring 97 Piston top 98 Ridge Top of 99 (98) 100 piston, second piston, ring piston The bottom of 101 (100) 108 Seal Ring 109 Outer seal ring 110 Inner Ring 111 Exterior 112 Inside 113 Inner piston guide area 114 End face 115 Threaded Insert 116 Spacer 117 Support Ring 118 Support Ring 119 Centering pin receiver 120 disk element, first disk element 121 Disk Segments 122 Central through hole 123 Slit 124 Load relief hole 125 Segment Pressing Area 126 Open surface 127 Through hole 128 Peripheral surface 130 Ring Room 140 disk element, second disk element 151 Ring, inner ring 152 Ring, Outer Ring

Claims

1. A braking and / or clamping device (10) comprising a ring-shaped casing (21) having at least one pneumatic or hydraulic connection (13) and surrounding an axially oriented rod receiving section (22), said casing (21) having a bottom part (51) and a cover part (31), at least one ring-shaped pressure chamber (16) being arranged inside said casing (21), - said pressure chamber (16) is defined in the axial direction (15) by at least one piston (90; 100) movable in the axial direction (15) and having a curved upper piston surface (97); - said pressure chamber (16) is radially defined by an outer wall (34, 52) of said casing (21) and by at least one inner ring (110) surrounding an inner wall (27) of said casing (21) having at least one inner wall section (41; 81); - on the piston upper surface (97) facing away from the pressure chamber (16) in the axial direction (15), a disk element (120; 140) is arranged in the casing (21), said piston upper surface (97) resting or being bearable against said disk element (120; 140) or being fixed, - said inner wall sections (41, 81) protrude and are arranged in the cover part (31) or in the bottom part (51) of said casing (21); the disk element (120; 140) rests against the inner wall section (41; 81) in such a way that the greater the deformation of the disk element (120; 140), the less the load on the inner wall section (41, 81) in the radial direction in the direction of the longitudinal axis (14) of the braking and / or clamping device (10) oriented in the axial direction (15); A braking and / or clamping device (10) characterized in that

2. The braking and / or clamping device (10) of claim 1, wherein the piston (90;100) is sealed against the outer wall (34,52) and the inner ring (110).

3. 2. The braking and / or clamping device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two opposing pistons (90, 100) and at least two disk elements (120; 140) are arranged in the casing (21), each piston (90; 100) being pressed against or capable of being pressed against or fixed to one of the disk elements (120; 140).

4. 2. The braking and / or clamping device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the inner ring (110) is made up of two congruent support rings (117, 118), a first support ring (117) being formed or attached in the cover part (31) and a second support ring (118) being formed or attached in the bottom part (51).

5. 2. The braking and / or clamping device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall sections (41; 81) are arranged along a ring-shaped line.

6. 2. The braking and / or clamping device (10) according to claim 1, wherein two rings (151, 152) are arranged between the disk elements (120; 140), a first ring (151) being located in a ring chamber (130) between the inner ring (110) and the inner wall (27) and a second ring (152) being applied against the outer wall (34, 52).

7. 2. The braking and / or clamping device (10) according to claim 1, wherein each of the disk elements (120; 140) is, in the unloaded state, a flat disk with radially oriented slits (123) adjacent to a central through hole (122), the width of each of the slits (123) being greater than the thickness of the disk element (120; 140).

8. 2. The braking and / or clamping device (10) according to claim 1, wherein each of the pistons (90; 100) has a protuberance (98) on the piston upper surface (97) arranged coaxially with respect to an inner surface (92) facing the disk element (120; 140).

9. 2. The braking and / or clamping device (10) according to claim 1, wherein each inner wall section (41; 81) has at least one clamping contact area (43, 83) on its inner surface (85).

10. 2. The braking and / or clamping device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the inner ring (110) has an inner piston guide area (113) on its outer surface (111).

Images