Ventilation structure of building and ventilation passage design support method

Abstract

To provide a ventilation structure of building in which ventilation efficiency is high irrespective of a season, which is low cost and which contributes to reduction in an environmental load.SOLUTION: In a building 10 which has a recessed part (facility balcony 15) for installing an air conditioner (outdoor unit 30) on one outside wall surface (front surface wall surface 11), a ventilation structure H1 of the building includes a ventilation passage (ventilation duct 20) reaching ventilation parts (ventilation holes 12a, 13a) formed on outside wall surfaces (side wall surfaces 12, 13) which are at least surfaces different from the one outside wall surface, from the recessed part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a ventilation structure for exhaust gas generated from an air-conditioning device installed in a building, and a design support method for a ventilation path in the ventilation structure. [Background technology]

[0002] In high-rise buildings, corner areas are often used for occupancy due to the view, etc. For this reason, the service balcony for installing the outdoor units of the air conditioners is often installed in a recess on one side of the building excluding the corners of the standard floor, where multiple outdoor units are concentrated. In such cases, the exhaust from the service balcony must be discharged only to the front of the building (in front of the recess), which is open to the outside air. In the above structure, the exhaust (heat exhaust) from the outdoor unit for ventilation within the building is achieved solely by the temperature difference between the equipment balcony and the outside air (this type of exhaust is called the "chimney effect"). Therefore, when a strong wind is blowing from the front of the building (the direction facing the opening of the recess), the exhaust from the outdoor unit is prevented from diffusing to the outdoors, and it remains inside the equipment balcony, causing a heat pool. This raises concerns that the temperature inside the equipment balcony will rise, reducing exhaust efficiency, and increasing the load on the outdoor unit and energy loss.

[0003] In order to eliminate the short circuit caused by the generation of heat accumulation on the facility balcony, there is an outdoor unit intake and exhaust structure that is installed in an outdoor unit storage area on the outdoor side of a building, where air is taken in and exhausted from the side of the outdoor unit storage area that is equipped with a ventilation screen building material. That is, the conventional outdoor unit intake and exhaust structure is configured in such a way that the outdoor unit storage area is divided vertically into an outdoor unit installation section and a chamber section, the exhaust section of the outdoor unit installed in the outdoor unit installation section is connected to the chamber section by a connection means, and the exhaust air from the outdoor unit passes through the chamber section and is exhausted to the outside from the side of the chamber section (Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2023-3108 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in the conventional technology, exhaust is performed using a ventilation fan (paragraph number

[0023] ), resulting in a structure that places a burden on the environment.

[0006] Also, when using air conditioning for heating purposes in winter, the exhaust air from the outdoor unit will be at a low temperature and may accumulate under the balcony, preventing adequate ventilation.

[0007] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has an objective of providing a ventilation structure for a building, which has high ventilation efficiency regardless of the season, is low cost, and contributes to reducing the environmental impact, as well as a ventilation passage design support method for determining the installation position and shape of the ventilation passage in the ventilation structure for the building. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention, which can be used to achieve the above-mentioned object, provides a ventilation structure for a building, characterized in that, in a building having a recess for installing an air conditioning unit in one exterior wall surface, the structure is provided with a ventilation path leading from the recess to a ventilation section (ventilation opening) formed in an exterior wall surface constituting a side surface different from the one exterior wall surface.

[0009] Here, ventilation means that the exhaust air from the outdoor unit of the air conditioner is discharged from the balcony to the outdoor space, and includes exhaust heat and exhaust air, etc. Therefore, the ventilation structure, ventilation section, ventilation path, etc. respectively include the heat exhaust structure and exhaust structure, the heat exhaust section and exhaust section, and the heat exhaust path and exhaust path, etc. (the same applies to the ventilation path design support method described below).

[0010] A building is a structure that has a recess in plan view on one of its exterior walls for installing an air conditioning unit, regardless of its name or type (the same applies below). Although buildings are often rectangular in plan view, there are no limitations on the shape, and it is sufficient for the structure to have a recess formed in the front part and a ventilation section for a ventilation passage provided on the exterior wall of the side part.

[0011] In addition, the recess is a place where an air conditioning unit is installed, and is required to have a configuration in which an accommodation space is formed in a plan view on one wall of the building (a configuration that is not provided in a corner of the building), but its dimensions are not important.

[0012] In addition, the ventilation passage (which also applies to the upper ventilation passage and lower ventilation passage described below) is an air guide passage that leads from the recess to a ventilation section (which also applies to the first ventilation section and second ventilation section described below) formed in an outer wall surface (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "side outer wall surface") that constitutes one side surface different from the one outer wall surface, and its shape, number, etc., are not important, such as a ventilation duct (air guide pipe) or a ventilation passage that penetrates the inside of the wall surface. Further, the ventilation passage may be provided on at least one of the side surface outer wall surfaces constituting one of the sides. Therefore, the ventilation passage may be provided on both side surface outer wall surfaces, or a plurality of ventilation passages may be provided on one side of the side surface outer wall surface.

[0013] The ventilation passage is formed between the recess and the side outer wall surface, and as described below, it is preferable to provide the ventilation section at a location on the side outer wall surface where the pressure difference with the recess is relatively large (a location where ventilation due to the pressure effect described below can be effectively achieved), and it is generally effective to form the ventilation section near a corner of the side outer wall surface. However, the location of the ventilation passage is subject to restrictions such as the building's structural frame and internal structure. In such cases, the shape and installation location must be determined by comprehensively considering the internal resistance of the ventilation passage and the pressure difference between the recess and the side outer wall surface.

[0014] In addition, an air conditioning unit is defined as equipment that has the function of adjusting indoor temperature, humidity, air purification, or airflow, and includes heating devices, cooling devices, outdoor units of air conditioners, generators, etc., regardless of type, shape, number, etc.

[0015] In addition, since the ventilation structure of the building of the present invention uses natural forces for ventilation, by providing the ventilation passage with good air permeability, better ventilation can be ensured. Therefore, if a corner cut or curved section is formed at least in the inlet section of the ventilation passage, pressure loss due to the structural shape is reduced, and ventilation of the air conditioner can be performed more efficiently, which is preferable.

[0016] Furthermore, if at least a part of the outer circumferential surface of the ventilation passage is covered with a heat insulating material, this is preferable because it makes it possible to prevent condensation inside the ventilation passage.

[0017] Furthermore, in the ventilation structure for a building of the present invention, if the ventilation passage is provided with a slope (inclined relative to the horizontal direction), this is preferable because it allows condensation, rainwater, etc. within the ventilation passage to be easily drained. Here, the angle of the gradient and the direction of the gradient (whether the recess side is the lower side, the outer wall surface side is the lower side, and whether it is a one-sided gradient or a double-sided gradient) can be determined as appropriate.

[0018] Furthermore, in the ventilation structure for a building of the present invention, if a mesh member is provided in at least one of the ventilation section of the ventilation passage and the other opening, this is preferable because it can prevent the intrusion of birds and flying objects of a certain size.

[0019] According to the building ventilation structure of the present invention, in addition to ventilation through the chimney effect, heat generated from the recesses can be ventilated through a pressure effect that utilizes the pressure difference between the recesses on the side exterior wall surface, thereby enabling efficient ventilation without the use of mechanical measures. That is, according to the ventilation structure for a building of the present invention, when wind blows against the recess (particularly when it is directly facing the recess), the wind is received at the front of the recess, but the wind pressure on the side outer wall surface is lower than that on the front, causing a pressure difference. Therefore, by utilizing the pressure difference between the side outer wall surface and the recess, efficient ventilation can be achieved from the side outer wall surface.

[0020] The present invention also provides a ventilation structure for a building with multiple floors (two or more), having a recess for installing an air conditioning unit in an exterior wall surface on one side, the recess being provided on a floor above the second floor, and comprising an upper ventilation passage from the side of the recess to a first ventilation section formed in the exterior wall surface constituting a side different from the exterior wall surface of the one side, and a lower ventilation passage from a bottom ventilation section formed on the bottom surface of the recess to a second ventilation section formed in the exterior wall surface constituting a side different from the exterior wall surface of the one side. In addition, an inlet for exhaust gas (the form of the inlet is not important, such as providing an opening or cutting off the ventilation path midway) may be formed in a part of the lower ventilation path.

[0021] Here, the first ventilation section and the upper ventilation passage correspond to the above-mentioned ventilation section and the above-mentioned ventilation passage. Similarly to the first ventilation section, the second ventilation section is desirably provided at a location on the outer wall surface on the side surface where the pressure difference with the recess is relatively large. In addition, a bottom ventilation section connected to the lower ventilation passage is formed on the bottom surface (floor surface) of the recess, and the bottom ventilation section needs to be provided at an appropriate position for good exhaust efficiency. However, it is preferable to provide the bottom ventilation section at the base end of the recess (the first ventilation section side).

[0022] According to the above-mentioned exhaust structure for a building, a lower ventilation passage is provided from the underside of the recess to the second ventilation section formed on the outer wall surface. Therefore, low-temperature exhaust air that has little buoyancy and is retained at the bottom of the recess can be guided to the lower ventilation passage, and efficient ventilation can be achieved by utilizing the pressure difference around the building from the second ventilation section on the wall surface, allowing for effective ventilation even in winter (low temperature periods).

[0023] The present invention also provides a ventilation structure for a building with multiple floors (two or more) having a recess for installing an air conditioning unit in an exterior wall surface on one side, the ventilation structure comprising a first recess provided on a floor above the second floor and a second recess provided on a floor below the first recess, an upper ventilation passage from the side of the first recess to a first ventilation section formed in an exterior wall surface constituting a side surface different from the exterior wall surface of the one side, and a lower ventilation passage from the side of the second recess to a second ventilation section formed in an exterior wall surface constituting a side surface different from the exterior wall surface of the one side, the ventilation structure also comprising a first air guide passage connecting the upper ventilation passage to a lower ventilation section formed in the vicinity of a lower corner portion of the first recess (in the range of the lower surface or lower side of the recess) and a second air guide passage connecting the lower ventilation section to the lower ventilation passage.

[0024] According to the exhaust structure of the building described above, the upper ventilation passage is connected to the first air guide section, and the lower ventilation passage is connected to the second air guide section, so that the exhaust air does not flow to the outer surface side of the recess. In addition, the exhaust air from the recess is attracted by the air flows from the first air guide section and the second air guide section, and flows into the upper ventilation passage or the lower ventilation passage depending on the temperature of the exhaust air, thereby enabling even more efficient ventilation.

[0025] Furthermore, the present invention provides a ventilation passage design support method for determining the installation position and shape of the above-mentioned ventilation passages (upper ventilation passage and lower ventilation passage) in the ventilation structure, characterized by including the following steps. (1) A wall pressure calculation step of performing a fluid simulation based on set conditions including the building shape data and meteorological data including air temperature and external wind speed, and calculating wall pressures at predetermined locations along the exterior wall surface constituting the one exterior wall surface of the building and a side surface different from the one exterior wall surface. (2) An assumed ventilation path setting step for selecting locations with relatively low pressure based on the distribution of wall pressure on each of the exterior wall surfaces of the building calculated by the fluid simulation, and setting assumed ventilation paths (an assumed upper ventilation path and an assumed lower ventilation path). (3) With regard to the above-mentioned assumed ventilation ducts (assumed upper ventilation duct and assumed lower ventilation duct), based on the air conditioning device data including the heat generation amount, exhaust temperature, and exhaust air volume of the above-mentioned air conditioning device, the assumed ventilation duct data (assumed upper ventilation duct data and assumed lower ventilation duct data) including the shape of the above-mentioned assumed ventilation duct, the inlet section conditions, and the ventilation section conditions, and the atmospheric data, the concave section exhaust air volume, which is the exhaust air volume from the above-mentioned assumed ventilation ducts (assumed upper ventilation duct and assumed lower ventilation duct) when they are provided, and the ventilation duct exhaust air volume (assumed upper ventilation duct exhaust air volume and assumed lower ventilation duct exhaust air volume), which is the exhaust air volume from the above-mentioned assumed ventilation ducts (assumed upper ventilation duct and assumed lower ventilation duct exhaust air volume), when the above-mentioned assumed ventilation ducts are provided, are calculated, and the above-mentioned assumed ventilation duct exhaust air volume calculated from "the concave section exhaust air volume, the ventilation duct exhaust air volume (assumed upper ventilation duct exhaust air volume and assumed lower ventilation duct exhaust air volume), and the temperature inside the above-mentioned concave section" is calculated. a temperature calculation step for calculating the temperature inside the recess (equilibrium temperature) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "temperature inside the recess") by performing a coupled calculation so that the sum (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "recess-ventilation duct discharge amount") of the discharge amount from the recess when a ventilation duct (an assumed upper ventilation duct and an assumed lower ventilation duct) is provided and the discharge amount from the assumed ventilation duct (an assumed upper ventilation duct and an assumed lower ventilation duct) calculated from "the recess exhaust air volume, the ventilation duct exhaust air volume (the assumed upper ventilation duct exhaust air volume and the assumed lower ventilation duct exhaust air volume), and the temperature inside the recess" (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "recess-ventilation duct discharge amount") and the total heat generation from the air conditioning unit (in the case of multiple air conditioning units, the total value of the heat generation from all the air conditioning units) is in equilibrium. (4) A recessed portion temperature determining step of determining whether the calculated recessed portion temperature is equal to or lower than a target temperature. (5) In the step of determining the temperature inside the recess, if the target temperature is exceeded, at least one of the installation position and shape of the assumed ventilation passages (assumed upper ventilation passage and assumed lower ventilation passage) is changed, and the step of calculating the temperature inside the recess and the step of determining the temperature inside the recess are repeated, and the assumed ventilation passages (assumed upper ventilation passage and assumed lower ventilation passage) for which the calculated temperature inside the recess is below the target temperature are determined as the designed ventilation passages (designed upper ventilation passage and designed lower ventilation passage) (candidate ventilation passages).

[0026] Furthermore, in each of the above ventilation path design support methods, if a ventilation path determination step is included in which, after the ventilation path determination step, the ratio of the ventilation path exhaust air volume to the calculated total value of the recess exhaust air volume and the ventilation path exhaust air volume is calculated, and whether or not the value is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard value is determined, and if it is equal to or greater than the standard value, the designed ventilation path is determined, this makes it possible to easily compare the installation costs of multiple designed ventilation paths, and is advantageous in helping to determine the optimal ventilation path.

[0027] In the above, the ratio of the ventilation duct exhaust air volume to the total value of the calculated recess exhaust air volume and ventilation duct exhaust air volume is calculated, and it is determined whether or not the value is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference value. However, even if the ratio of the recess exhaust air volume to the total value of the calculated recess exhaust air volume and ventilation duct exhaust air volume is calculated, it is determined whether or not the value is less than a predetermined reference value. This can be regarded as a determination based on the same idea as above, and is clearly within the scope of the right. Furthermore, the predetermined reference value must be a desired appropriate value depending on the building structure, the heat resistance standards of the air conditioner, the surrounding environment, and the like.

[0028] Here, "fluid simulation" is an analytical method that uses computer simulation to solve equations related to fluids and visualize pressure distribution, etc., and can be executed using a known CFD (computational fluid dynamics) computer program.

[0029] In addition, the given conditions (prerequisites) for performing a fluid simulation can be set to appropriate values ​​regarding the building's form (including shape and dimensions) data and meteorological data (including outside temperature and outside wind speed) taking into account the environment of the building's construction location. Appropriate values ​​can also be set for the air conditioning device data [including the form (including shape and dimensions) of the air conditioning device, the supply and exhaust conditions, and data on the installation location in the building] and the ventilation path data [each data including the ventilation path form and installation location]. In the explanation of the ventilation path design support method of the present invention, when the term "ventilation path" is mentioned, it is used to include the upper ventilation path and the lower exhaust path unless otherwise noted. The data on the ventilation path configuration defines the shape and dimensions of the inlet and ventilation sections, the dimensions, shape, inclination angle and direction of the path section, and the presence or absence of attached materials such as insulating material. Additionally, "external wind speed" refers to the wind speed outdoors.

[0030] The recess exhaust air volume is the exhaust air volume from the recess, and can be calculated, for example, using a theoretical formula (Formula 1) (recess exhaust air volume calculation formula) related to ventilation from the recess due to the chimney effect caused by the temperature difference between the inside of the recess and the outside air. Note that the recess exhaust air volume calculation formula is applicable both in the case where no ventilation path is provided (recess exhaust air volume in initial state [recess exhaust air volume without ventilation path]) and in the case where a ventilation path is provided.

[0031]

number

[0032] In addition, the ventilation duct exhaust air volume can be calculated, for example, using a theoretical formula (Formula 2) (ventilation duct exhaust air volume calculation formula) regarding ventilation caused by a pressure difference when a tubular (cylindrical) ventilation path is provided.

[0033]

number

[0034] Then, it becomes possible to calculate the temperature inside the recess by performing a coupled calculation so that the recess / ventilation channel exhaust amount and the total heat generation amount of the air conditioning unit are in equilibrium. Therefore, according to this design support method, the temperature inside the recess (equilibrium temperature) is calculated when an assumed ventilation channel is set by selecting a location with a relatively low pressure based on the distribution of wall pressure calculated by a fluid simulation, and the ventilation channel is determined so that the calculated temperature inside the recess is equal to or lower than the target temperature, thereby making it possible to design the ventilation channel quickly, easily, and with high accuracy.

[0035] In the above exhaust duct design method, the installation positions and shapes of the first air duct and the second air duct can be determined by setting assumed air duct data including the enclosed duct shape, inlet section conditions, and ventilation section conditions. Effect of the Invention

[0036] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a ventilation structure for a building that has high ventilation efficiency regardless of the season, is low cost, and contributes to reducing the environmental impact, as well as a ventilation passage design support method for easily and accurately determining the installation position and shape of a ventilation passage that has high ventilation efficiency in relation to a ventilation passage in the ventilation structure of the building.

[0037] This ventilation structure is particularly suitable for high-rise buildings, and can improve the efficiency of air conditioning equipment and contribute to energy conservation. In addition, efforts toward carbon neutrality will become important in the future, and it will be necessary to save energy by improving the ventilation efficiency of air conditioning equipment. Therefore, by using this design support method, it will be possible to design more suitable ventilation paths. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0038] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a ventilation structure for a building according to the present invention (first embodiment). [Diagram 2] 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. [Diagram 3] 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line YY in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic diagram of pressure distribution on a wall surface in a building to which a ventilation structure for a building (first embodiment) of the present invention is applied. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing a ventilation structure for a building (second embodiment) of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing a schematic state of the ventilation structure for a building of the present invention (second embodiment) during ventilation. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing a ventilation structure for a building (third embodiment) of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view showing a schematic view of the ventilation structure for a building of the present invention (third embodiment) during ventilation in summer. [Figure 9] FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing a schematic state of the ventilation structure for a building of the present invention (third embodiment) during ventilation in winter. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing each step of the ventilation path design support method of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing details of each step of the ventilation path design support method of the present invention. [Figure 12] 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams showing an example of a building using the ventilation structure of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view and (b) is an enlarged view of a ventilation duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0039] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment of the ventilation structure of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "this exhaust structure") and the design support method of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "this design support method") will be described in detail using a building 10 to which an air conditioner outdoor unit 30 (hereinafter referred to as "outdoor unit") is attached as an air conditioner. In the following explanation, the wall on the opening side of the facility balcony 15 of the building 10 will be referred to as the "front wall 11", and the walls on the left and right sides of the front wall 11 will be referred to as the "side walls 12, 13". In addition, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicated explanations will be omitted. Furthermore, the data shown in the following explanation are values ​​for the convenience of explanation, and are not limited to those values.

[0040] (1) Embodiment of the Ventilation Structure First Embodiment [Main ventilation structure] A ventilation structure H1 according to a first embodiment to which this design support method is applied will be described. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the building 10 to which this ventilation structure H1 is applied is a high-rise building having a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and at a predetermined height on the front wall 11 (one exterior wall surface), there is provided an equipment balcony 15, which is a recess (in a plan view) for installing an outdoor unit 30.

[0041] A plurality of outdoor units 30 are installed on the equipment balcony 15, and the outdoor units 30 are connected to indoor units (not shown) installed indoors. A ventilation duct 20 is provided between each side portion (hereinafter referred to as "recess side surface 16, 17") of the equipment balcony 15 and the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13 of the building 10. Inlet holes 16a, 17a (inlet portion) are provided on each recess side surface 16, 17, and ventilation holes 12a, 13a (ventilation portion) are provided on the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13, respectively, and the inlet holes 16a, 17a and the ventilation holes 12a, 13a are connected by the ventilation duct 20. The ventilation duct 20 is formed with a one-sided slope so that the equipment balcony 15 side is on the lower side (not shown), and is arranged so that the drainage water inside drips onto the equipment balcony 15 side. In this embodiment, the inlet holes 16a, 17a and the ventilation holes 12a, 13a, which are in communication with each other via the ventilation duct 20, form a ventilation passage.

[0042] The ventilation duct 20 that runs from the facility balcony 15 to the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13 passes under the beams in the ceiling space C in the living room L, so that it can be installed even on a floor where the living room L is located. Even if the living room L is not provided at the installation position of the ventilation duct 20, the ventilation duct 20 can be installed in a desired space.

[0043] The inlet holes 16a, 17a connected to the ventilation duct 20 are formed with a curved portion 16b having an arc shape (the curved portion of the inlet hole 17a in the right side wall surface 13 is not shown). Moreover, a heat insulating material 25 is provided around the ventilation duct 20, and bird netting 26 (mesh member) is provided at the inlets 16a, 17a and the ventilation holes 12a, 13a.

[0044] In a typical building 10, when wind of a specified speed blows from a direction directly facing the facility balcony 15, the front wall 11 experiences the greatest positive pressure, and the left and right side walls 12, 13 experience negative pressure compared to the wind pressure acting on the front wall 11 (in this specification, pressure that is positive compared to atmospheric pressure is referred to as "positive pressure" and pressure that is negative compared to atmospheric pressure is referred to as "negative pressure"). (Figure 4 is a perspective view showing a schematic diagram of the pressure distribution on the wall surface of a building 10 to which this ventilation structure H1 is applied). In Figure 4, the darker the color of the building 10, the higher the pressure acting on the wall surface, and the lighter the color, the lower the pressure acting on the wall surface, visually illustrating the above fact.)

[0045] Based on the above facts, in the present ventilation structure H1, ventilation efficiency is improved by providing ventilation holes 12a, 13a connected to a ventilation duct 20 in locations on the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13 where the wind pressure is relatively small and where there are few structural impediments.

[0046] [Effects] According to the present ventilation structure H1, in addition to ventilation by the chimney effect, ventilation by the pressure effect utilizing the pressure difference between the front wall surface 11 and the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13 is performed against heat generated by the outdoor unit 30 installed on the facility balcony 15, so that ventilation can be performed without using any mechanical means. In this way, ventilation can be performed efficiently by utilizing natural forces, which contributes to reducing the environmental load.

[0047] That is, in this ventilation structure H1, when the wind blows opposite the equipment balcony 15 (particularly when it is directly facing the equipment balcony 15, the wind is received by the front wall 11 and the equipment balcony 15, but compared to the front wall 11 and the equipment balcony 15 which are at positive pressure, the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13 are at negative pressure, resulting in a pressure difference. In this way, in this ventilation structure H1, the ventilation duct 20 is installed at a position where it can utilize the pressure difference between the front wall 11 and the equipment balcony 15, which are the windward sides of the building 10 due to the external wind, and the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13, so that the heat generated from the outdoor unit 30 can be efficiently released to the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13.

[0048] Furthermore, in the present ventilation structure H1, a curved portion 16b is formed at the inlet holes 16a, 17a on the equipment balcony 15 side of the ventilation duct 20, so that the pressure loss due to the duct shape for the exhaust air from the outdoor unit 30 is reduced, and ventilation of the outdoor unit 30 can be performed more efficiently. In addition, in the present ventilation structure H1, since the ventilation duct 20 is provided with the heat insulating material 25, condensation inside the ventilation duct 20 can be prevented.

[0049] In addition, in the present ventilation structure H1, since the ventilation duct 20 is provided with a slope, condensation, rainwater, etc. inside the ventilation duct 20 can be easily drained. In addition, bird-proof netting 26 is provided at the inlet holes 16a, 17a and ventilation holes 12a, 13a connected to the ventilation duct 20 of this ventilation structure H1, thereby preventing the intrusion of birds and flying objects of a certain size.

[0050] <Second embodiment> [Main ventilation structure] A ventilation structure H2 according to a second embodiment to which this design support method is applied will be described. This ventilation structure H2 is assumed to be applied to a high-rise building 210 in which facility balconies 215A, 215B are provided on the second floor or higher (FIG. 5). In the following description, the description of the parts common to the present ventilation structure H1 of the first embodiment will be omitted, and only the differences will be described.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 5, the building 210 to which the ventilation structure H2 is applied has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has an equipment balcony 215A, which is a recess (in a plan view) for installing the outdoor unit 30, at a predetermined height on the front wall (one exterior wall surface).

[0052] A plurality of outdoor units 30 are installed on the facility balcony 215A, and the outdoor units 30 are connected to indoor units (not shown) installed indoors. An upper ventilation duct 220 is provided between the left and right side portions (only the left recessed side surface 216A is shown) of the facility balcony 215A and the left and right side wall surfaces (only the left side wall surface 212 is shown) of the building 210. A first inlet hole 216Aa (first inlet portion) is provided on each recessed side surface 216A, and a first ventilation hole 212Aa (first ventilation portion) is provided on each side wall surface 212, and the first inlet hole 216Aa and the first ventilation hole 212Aa are connected by the upper ventilation duct 220.

[0053] An upper ventilation duct 220 extending from the facility balcony 215A to each side wall surface 212 passes under the beams in the attic C2 in the living room L2. In this embodiment, the first inlet hole 216Aa and the first ventilation hole 212Aa, which communicate with each other via the upper ventilation duct 220, form an upper ventilation passage as described in the claims originally filed.

[0054] Also, a facility balcony 215B of the same structure is provided on the floor below the facility balcony 215A. A second ventilation duct 240 of the same structure as the upper ventilation duct 220 is provided between the left and right side surface portions 216B of the facility balcony 215B on the lower floor and the left and right side wall surfaces 212 of the building 210. A second inlet hole 216Ba (second inlet portion) is provided on each recess side surface 216B, and a second ventilation hole 212Ba (second ventilation portion) is provided on each side wall surface 212, and the second inlet hole 216Ba and the second ventilation hole 212Ba are connected by the second ventilation duct 240. A second ventilation duct 240 extending from the facility balcony 215B to each side wall surface 212 passes under the beams in the attic C2' in the living room L2'.

[0055] In addition, an L-shaped third ventilation duct 250 is provided on the floor surface (lower surface) at the base end (end on the living room L2 side) of the facility balcony 215A on the upper floor, from the lower ventilation hole 215a (lower ventilation part) formed by penetrating the floor surface to the second inlet hole 216Ba. The upper end 250a of the third ventilation duct 250 is inserted into the lower ventilation hole 215a, and the lower end 250b is provided opposite the second inlet hole 216Ba with a gap 251 provided. In this way, the third ventilation duct 250 and the second ventilation duct 240 form the lower ventilation passage described in the claims at the beginning of the application. In this embodiment, a gap 251 is provided between the exhaust ports of the second ventilation duct 240 and the third ventilation duct 250 so that high-temperature exhaust air can be discharged, but the second ventilation duct 240 and the third ventilation duct 250 may be connected without any gap.

[0056] [Effects] According to the present ventilation structure H2, it is possible to achieve the same effects as those of the present ventilation structure H1 of the first embodiment, and also possible to achieve the following effects. In other words, when air conditioning is used in the summer, the exhaust air from the outdoor unit 30 is hot and rises due to the effect of buoyancy. However, with this exhaust structure H2, the hot exhaust air that tends to accumulate at the top of the equipment balcony 215A in the summer can be exhausted through the upper ventilation duct 220 (the exhaust flow is shown by the solid line in Figure 6).

[0057] On the other hand, when heating is used in winter, the exhaust air from the outdoor unit 30 is low temperature, and so the low-temperature exhaust air accumulates below the facilities balcony 215A. When heating the interior of living room L2, the air taken in from the outdoor unit 30 should be as hot as possible to reduce the amount of energy used for heating. However, if low-temperature exhaust air from the outdoor unit 30 accumulates around the outdoor unit 30, a large amount of energy is required for heating, raising concerns about a decrease in heating efficiency.

[0058] In response to such a situation, the present exhaust structure H2 is equipped with a third ventilation duct 250 and a second ventilation duct 240 that extend from the underside ventilation hole 215a of the equipment balcony 215A to the left and right side wall surfaces 212, so that low-temperature exhaust air that has accumulated below the equipment balcony 215A can be guided through the underside ventilation hole 215a of the equipment balcony 215 to the third ventilation duct 250 located on the floor below, and then to the second ventilation duct 240, making it possible to ventilate efficiently by utilizing the pressure difference around the building (the exhaust flow is shown by the dotted line in Figure 6). Therefore, it is possible to ventilate efficiently by utilizing the pressure difference around the building, regardless of whether it is summer or winter.

[0059] In addition, the second ventilation duct 240 and the third ventilation duct 250 are not completely joined, but have a gap 251. In summer, the exhaust air from the upper part of the facility balcony 215B can be effectively ventilated from the gap 251 to the second ventilation duct 240 (the flow of exhaust air is not shown in FIG. 6).

[0060] <Third embodiment> [Main ventilation structure] A ventilation structure H3 according to a third embodiment to which this design support method is applied will be described. Like the ventilation structure H2 of the second embodiment, this ventilation structure H3 is intended to be applied to a high-rise building 310 in which a first facility balcony 315A (first recess) and a second facility balcony 315B (second recess) of the same structure are provided on consecutive floors above the second floor (Figure 7).

[0061] The present ventilation structure H3 of the third embodiment differs from the present ventilation structure H2 of the second embodiment in that it is provided with a first air guide duct 350A and a second air guide duct 350B (a first air guide path and a second air guide path). The first facility balcony 315A, the second facility balcony 315B, the upper ventilation duct 320, and the lower ventilation duct 340 (which have the same structure as the second ventilation duct 240, but for convenience of explanation, only the name is changed) are the same as the respective components of the second embodiment, and therefore explanations of the common parts will be omitted. In addition, in this ventilation structure H3, a first facility balcony 315A, a second facility balcony 315B, an upper ventilation duct 320 and a lower ventilation duct 340 are provided at the same location on each floor when viewed in plan (when distinguishing between each component, the symbol for the component on the upper floor will be given an A and the symbol for the component on the lower floor will be given a B).

[0062] Lower ventilation holes 315Aa, 315Ba (lower ventilation section) are formed on the side surfaces near the corners of the base ends (ends on the living room L3 side) of the two first and second facility balconies 315A and 315B in the building 310. Upper ventilation holes 315Ab, 315Bb are also provided on the wall surfaces near the ceilings of the first and second facility balconies 315A and 315B, respectively. And, between the upper ventilation holes 315Ab and the lower ventilation holes 315Aa of the first facility balcony 315A and the upper ventilation holes 315Bb and the lower ventilation holes 315Ba of the second facility balcony 315B, a first air duct 350A and a second air duct 350B are provided vertically along the outer wall surfaces of the living rooms L3, L3'. The first air guide duct 350A and the second air guide duct 350B are substantially U-shaped in side view, and communicate with the upper ventilation duct 320 and the lower ventilation duct 340 at branching portions, respectively.

[0063] In addition, the first inlet hole 316Aa (first inlet section) of the upper ventilation duct 320 is connected to the terminal end 350Aa at the branching section of the first air guide duct 350A, and at both ends 350Ab, 350Ac of the first air guide duct 350A, the exhaust air guided from the upper ventilation hole 315Ab and the lower ventilation hole 315Aa is discharged to the first ventilation hole 312Aa (first ventilation section) or the second ventilation hole 312Ba (second ventilation section) of the side wall surface 312 depending on the exhaust temperature.

[0064] Similarly, the first inlet 316Ba (first inlet portion) of the lower ventilation duct 340 and the terminal end 350Ba at the branching portion of the second air guide duct 350B are connected, and the exhaust air guided from the upper ventilation hole 315Bb and the lower ventilation hole 315Ba at both ends 350Bb, 350Bc of the second air guide duct 350B is discharged to the second ventilation hole 312Ba of the side wall surface 312, etc., depending on the exhaust temperature.

[0065] [Effects] According to the present ventilation structure H3, it is possible to achieve the same effects as those of the present ventilation structure H2 of the second embodiment. In addition, according to the present ventilation structure H3, the upper ventilation duct 320 and the lower ventilation duct 340 are connected via an air guide path. Therefore, the exhaust air from the outdoor unit 30 is attracted by the airflow of the first air guide duct 350A and the second air guide duct 350B provided vertically on the first facility balcony 315A and the second facility balcony 315B, and flows into the upper ventilation duct 320 and the lower ventilation duct 340 from the lower ventilation holes 315Aa, 315Ba depending on the temperature of the exhaust air (the exhaust air rises in summer (FIG. 8), and falls in winter (FIG. 9)). This allows for more efficient ventilation.

[0066] Furthermore, upper ventilation holes 315Ab, 315Bb are provided on the wall surfaces near the ceilings of the first equipment balcony 315A and the second equipment balcony 315B, respectively, allowing high-temperature exhaust air to be guided to the first air guide duct 350A and the second air guide duct 350B, thereby enabling efficient ventilation in this respect as well.

[0067] (2) One embodiment of the present design support method [This design support method] Next, the present design support method will be described using the present ventilation structure H1 of the first embodiment as an example. In addition, when using this design support method to provide design support for the second embodiment of the ventilation structure H2 or the third embodiment of the ventilation structure H3, the same approach can be used by assuming the ventilation passage (or upper ventilation duct, second ventilation duct (lower ventilation duct), third ventilation duct, and air conduction duct) to be designed and setting data corresponding to each of them.

[0068] This design support method includes the steps of calculating wall pressure S1, setting an expected ventilation path S2, calculating the temperature inside the recess S3, judging the temperature inside the recess S4, determining the ventilation path S5, and confirming the ventilation path S6 (Figure 10). The contents of each step will be described in detail below with reference to Fig. 11. In the following description, the components of the present ventilation structure will not be labeled with reference numerals.

[0069] 1) Wall pressure calculation step (S1) The wall pressure calculation step (S1) performs a fluid simulation using initial condition data including building configuration data and meteorological data as given data, and calculates the wall pressure at a predetermined position along the exterior wall of the building.

[0070] Here, the data on the shape of the building is data on the structure at the design stage, including the external shape including the facility balcony (recess), the position of the facility balcony, etc.

[0071] In addition, when determining the outside temperature and wind speed, appropriate values ​​can usually be set based on various weather data for the location of the building, assuming strong winds on a hot summer day when the cooling load from air conditioners is high. Therefore, as meteorological data, the outside air temperature can be calculated using the summer temperature data from the past few years, for example, based on a cumulative frequency of approximately 97.5%, and the outside wind speed can be estimated using the average wind speed in summer.

[0072] Specifically, the wall pressure calculation step (S1) involves assuming a target building, reproducing the state of the building and its surrounding area as the target area, and creating a computational grid (mesh) that divides the target area into a specified number of parts to create a 3D model (three-dimensional model) (S11). Then, using the 3D model created above, a fluid simulation is performed (a computer performs iterative calculations on each computational grid of the target area) with set data including meteorological data (outside temperature data, external wind speed data) as given conditions, and the pressure (wall pressure distribution) on each computational grid of the exterior wall surface of the target building is calculated (S12).

[0073] 2) Expected ventilation route setting step (S2) In the assumed ventilation path setting step (S2), a location with relatively low pressure is selected based on the distribution of wall pressure on the exterior wall surface of the target building calculated by fluid simulation, and an assumed ventilation duct (hereinafter referred to as the "assumed ventilation duct (assumed ventilation path)") is set (S21).

[0074] When performing the above process using software, the location is selected in ascending order of pressure, and a check is made to see whether it is physically possible to install a ventilation duct given the constraints of the building's framework and internal structure, and the anticipated location for installing the ventilation duct is then set.

[0075] 3) A step of calculating the temperature inside the recess (S3), a step of determining the temperature inside the recess (S4), and a step of determining the ventilation path (S5) In the step of calculating the temperature inside the recess (S3), the initial recess exhaust air volume (exhaust air volume from the equipment balcony when an assumed ventilation duct is not installed) and ventilation channel exhaust air volume (exhaust air volume from the assumed ventilation duct) are calculated for the assumed ventilation duct based on outdoor unit data (air conditioning device data) including the heat generation amount of the outdoor unit, exhaust temperature, and exhaust air volume, assumed ventilation duct data (ventilation channel data) including the assumed ventilation duct shape, inlet conditions, and ventilation section conditions, and atmospheric data including air temperature and atmospheric density.

[0076] Then, the temperature inside the equipment balcony when an assumed ventilation duct is installed is calculated, and in a step for determining the temperature inside the recess (S4), it is determined whether the calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony (hereinafter referred to as the "calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony") is below the target temperature.

[0077] Furthermore, in the ventilation path determination step (S5), if the calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony exceeds the target temperature, at least one of the installation position and shape of the assumed ventilation duct is changed, and the above-mentioned recessed area temperature calculation step (S3) and the above-mentioned recessed area temperature determination step (S4) are repeated, and the assumed ventilation duct where the calculated equipment balcony temperature is below the target temperature is determined as the designed ventilation duct.

[0078] As an example of each piece of data, the following data can be used. As the outdoor unit data, air conditioning device data including shape data, dimensional data, heat generation amount, exhaust temperature, and exhaust volume of the outdoor unit can be used. In addition, data including the assumed ventilation duct shape, installation position, inlet section conditions, and ventilation section conditions can be used as the assumed ventilation duct data.

[0079] Specifically, first, assuming that no ventilation duct is installed, the initial recess exhaust air volume is calculated based on a given recess exhaust air volume calculation formula (Equation 1 above) (S31), and the temperature inside the equipment balcony is calculated by performing a coupled calculation so that the exhaust amount from the equipment balcony calculated from the "calculated initial recess exhaust air volume and the temperature inside the equipment balcony" and the total heat generation amount of all air conditioning units are in equilibrium (S32). Then, it is determined whether the calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony is equal to or lower than the target temperature (S33).

[0080] As a result, if the calculated temperature inside the balcony is equal to or lower than the target temperature, it may be determined that there is no need to install a ventilation duct. However, if installing a ventilation duct would further improve ventilation efficiency, it is necessary to consider whether or not to install a ventilation duct using the following method, by comparing and weighing the cost of installing a ventilation duct against the ventilation efficiency.

[0081] On the other hand, if the calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony exceeds the target temperature, an assumed ventilation duct is provided, and the recess exhaust air volume is calculated based on the recess exhaust air volume calculation formula (above [Formula 1]), and the ventilation duct exhaust air volume is calculated based on the ventilation duct exhaust air volume calculation formula (above [Formula 2]) (S34). Then, the temperature inside the equipment balcony is calculated by performing a coupled calculation so that the recess / ventilation duct exhaust volume (the sum of the recess exhaust air volume and the assumed ventilation duct exhaust air volume) and the total heat generation amount of all the air conditioning devices are in equilibrium (S35) (referred to as recess temperature calculation step (S3)), and it is determined whether the calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony is equal to or lower than the target temperature (S41) (recess temperature determination step (S4)). As a result, if the calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony is below the target temperature, the assumed ventilation duct is determined to be the designed ventilation duct (S51) (ventilation path determination step (S5)), and the following ventilation path confirmation step (S6) is performed.

[0082] On the other hand, if the calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony exceeds the target temperature, at least one of the installation position and shape of the assumed ventilation duct is changed (S42), and the above-mentioned step of calculating the temperature inside the recess (S3) and the step of determining the temperature inside the recess (S4) are repeated to determine the assumed ventilation duct that results in a calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony that is below the target temperature as the designed ventilation duct.

[0083] The assumed ventilation duct is changed by changing at least one of the conditions such as the installation position and dimensions, the slope, the inlet hole, and the ventilation hole conditions.

[0084] 4) The ventilation route decision step (S6) The ventilation duct determination step (S6) calculates the ratio of the ventilation duct exhaust air volume to the total value of the recess exhaust air volume and the ventilation duct exhaust air volume (hereinafter referred to as the "ventilation duct exhaust air volume ratio") (S61). Then, it is determined whether or not the value is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference value (e.g., 40% or more) (S62). If it is equal to or greater than the reference value, a process of determining the designed ventilation duct is performed (S63).

[0085] When the ventilation duct exhaust air volume ratio is equal to or greater than the above-mentioned standard value, the ventilation duct exhaust air volume will be relatively large compared to the recess exhaust air volume, so a certain temperature reduction effect can be expected by setting the standard value taking into consideration the installation cost of the ventilation duct and the temperature reduction effect. Note that this standard value needs to be set not only considering the short-term temperature reduction effect, but also taking into consideration the long-term temperature reduction effect taking into account the useful life of the building, etc., and the installation cost of the ventilation duct.

[0086] On the other hand, if the ventilation duct exhaust air volume ratio is less than the reference value, at least one of the installation position and shape of the assumed ventilation duct is changed (S42), and the above-mentioned recess temperature calculation step (S3), recess temperature determination step (S4), and ventilation path determination step (S5) are repeated.

[0087] If it is difficult to keep the calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony below the target temperature, measures such as reducing the number of outdoor units that are the premise of the calculation should be taken, and consideration should be given to performing the processing from the step of setting the assumed ventilation path (S2) onwards again.

[0088] [Effects] According to this design support method, the temperature inside the equipment balcony is calculated based on the distribution of wall pressure calculated by fluid simulation, and an assumed ventilation duct is installed by selecting a location with relatively low pressure.The ventilation path is then determined so that the calculated temperature inside the equipment balcony is below the target temperature, making it possible to design a ventilation path quickly, easily, and with high accuracy.

[0089] In addition, according to this design support method, the ventilation duct exhaust air volume ratio of the designed ventilation duct is calculated from the calculated recess exhaust air volume and ventilation duct exhaust air volume, and it is determined whether or not this value is above a predetermined standard value.If it is above the standard value, the designed ventilation duct is confirmed as the ventilation duct at the design stage, making it possible to easily compare the installation costs of multiple designed ventilation ducts and helping to determine the optimal ventilation duct.

[0090] While one example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and appropriate design changes can be made to each element without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0091] This ventilation structure is an example of the minimum necessary components, and other components may be added as long as they do not impair the effects of this ventilation structure. Also, this design support method includes a wall pressure calculation step to a ventilation path determination step, but each step is an example of the minimum necessary components, and other necessary steps may be added as long as they do not impair the effects of this design support method. EXAMPLES

[0092] In order to verify the effectiveness of this ventilation structure H1 and the ventilation effect resulting from differences in the details of the structure, the temperature of the installed balcony 15 was estimated for two types of this ventilation structure 1 (H1') and this ventilation structure 2 (H1"): a structure in which the building 10 does not have ventilation ducts 20', 20", and a structure in which the building 10 has ventilation ducts 20', 20" with different details of the structure.

[0093] (1) Conditions of the Example [Basic conditions] We will conduct verification assuming air conditioning is used in a high-rise building during strong winds on extremely hot summer days, when the cooling load from air conditioners is high.

[0094] The building 10 is a rectangular parallelepiped with dimensions of 28 m wide x 100 m high x 30 m deep, and has a recessed installation balcony 15 (8 m wide x 3 m deep x 4 m high) formed in the center of the front wall 11. The distances from the recessed side walls 16, 17 of the installation balcony 15 to the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13 are each 10 m. A total of two ventilation ducts 20', 20" are provided, extending from the center of each recessed side surface 16, 17 of the installation balcony 15 to the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13. The left and right ventilation ducts 20', 20" have the same shape (rectangular cross-sectional shape) and dimensions (width 2.0m x height 0.5m x 10m) so as to be parallel and horizontal (no inclination) to the front wall surface 11 (Figure 12).

[0095] On the installation balcony 15, 20 outdoor units 30 of the same model are installed (10 units are arranged side by side at the front and 10 units are arranged side by side at the rear). The basic performance and setting conditions of the outdoor unit 30 are as follows. <Basic performance and setting conditions of the outdoor unit 30> Exhaust temperature 45℃ Exhaust air volume: 8400m 3 / time Heat output: 26KW

[0096] The weather conditions are as follows: <Weather conditions> Outside temperature: 35℃ External wind speed: 5m / sec Air density: 1.146kg / m 3

[0097] In this embodiment, the target temperature of the facilities balcony 15 is set to 60° C. (assumed value). In addition, a pressure difference between the ventilation sections of the ventilation ducts 20', 20'' on the front wall 11 and the left and right side wall surfaces 12, 13 is calculated to be 21.5 Pa by a fluid simulation.

[0098] [Conditions for ventilation duct 20', 20"] The installation positions, shapes and dimensions of the ventilation ducts 20', 20'' are as described above.

[0099] 1) Main ventilation structure 1 (H1') The inlet holes 16a, 17a to the ventilation duct 20' are curved (1 / 4 arc shape), and the ventilation holes 12a, 13a from the ventilation duct 20' are right-angled. The resistance coefficient of the ventilation duct 20' is as follows. Bird nets 26 are provided at the inlet holes 16a, 17a and the ventilation holes 12a, 13a of the ventilation duct 20'. <Resistance coefficient of ventilation duct 20'> Total drag coefficient 1.53ND Inlet shape resistance coefficient (curved shape) 0.1ND Resistance coefficient of bird netting at inlet: 0.09ND Straight pipe section ventilation duct friction resistance coefficient 0.25ND Ventilation hole shape resistance coefficient (right angle shape) 1ND Resistance coefficient of bird net for ventilation hole: 0.09ND (ND indicates a dimensionless quantity. The same applies below.) (The friction coefficient of the straight pipe ventilation duct is the friction coefficient of the straight pipe ventilation duct, The calculation was based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation duct, the circumference of the ventilation duct, and the length of the ventilation duct. The same applies below.)

[0100] 2) Main ventilation structure 2 (H1”) The inlet holes 16a, 17a and the ventilation holes 12a, 13a to the ventilation duct 20" are all right-angled. The resistance coefficient of the ventilation duct 20" is as follows. Bird screens 26 are provided at the inlet holes 16a, 17a and the ventilation holes 12a, 13a of the ventilation duct 20". <Resistance coefficient of ventilation duct 20"> Total drag coefficient 1.93ND Inlet shape resistance coefficient (right angle shape) 0.5ND Resistance coefficient of bird netting at inlet: 0.09ND Straight pipe section ventilation duct friction resistance coefficient 0.25ND Ventilation hole shape resistance coefficient (right angle shape) 1ND Resistance coefficient of bird net for ventilation hole: 0.09ND

[0101] (2) Results 1) When ventilation ducts 20' and 20" are not installed The temperature on the facility balcony reached 61°C, which resulted in the need to install ventilation ducts 20' and 20".

[0102] 2) Main ventilation structure 1 (H1') and main ventilation structure 2 (H1") The temperature of the equipment balcony 15 in the case of ventilation structure 1 (H1') was 53.3°C, and the temperature of the equipment balcony 15 in the case of ventilation structure 2 (H1") was 54.0°C.These results clearly show the ventilation effect of the ventilation ducts 20' and 20" in both ventilation structures 1 (H1') and 2 (H1"), but the ventilation effect of ventilation structure 2 (H1") was slightly inferior compared to ventilation structure 1 (H1').

[0103] In addition, the ventilation duct exhaust air volume ratio of this ventilation structure 1 (H1') was 0.4, and the ventilation duct ventilation air volume ratio of this ventilation structure 2 (H1") was 0.37. According to this result, since the ventilation effect of this ventilation structure 1 (H1') is higher than that of this ventilation structure 2 (H1"), it became clear that when the installation costs of the ventilation duct 20' and the ventilation duct 20" are the same, the cost-effectiveness of this ventilation structure 1 (H1') is higher. Furthermore, it was revealed that by adopting this ventilation structure 1 (H1') which provides good ventilation to the ventilation duct 20' (by reducing the inlet shape resistance coefficient (making it a curved shape rather than a right angle shape)), even better ventilation can be ensured. [Explanation of symbols]

[0104] H1, H2, H3, H1', ​​H1" ventilation structure 10,210,310 Building 11 Front wall (one exterior wall) 12, 13, 212, 312 Side wall surface (exterior wall surface constituting one side surface different from the exterior wall surface on one side) 12a, 13a Ventilation holes (ventilation section) 15, 215A, 215B, 315A, 315B Facility balcony (recessed area) 16a,17a Inflow hole (inflow part) 16b Curve section 20,20',20” Ventilation Duct (Ventilation Passage) 220,320 Upper ventilation duct 25 Insulation 26 Bird netting (mesh-like components) 30 Outdoor unit (air conditioner) 212Aa, 312Aa 1st ventilation hole (1st ventilation section) 212Ba, 312Ba 2nd ventilation hole (2nd ventilation section) 215a Bottom ventilation hole (bottom ventilation part) 216Aa, 316Aa 1st inflow hole (1st inflow part) 216Ba, 316Ba 2nd inflow hole (2nd inflow part) 240 Second ventilation duct 250 3rd ventilation duct 251 Gap 315Aa, 315Ba Lower ventilation hole (lower ventilation section) 315Ab,315Bb Upper ventilation hole 316Aa 1st inflow hole (inflow part) 340 Lower ventilation duct 350A First Air Duct 350B Second Air Duct

Claims

1. In a building having a recess for installing an air conditioning unit on one of the exterior walls, A ventilation structure for a building, comprising a ventilation passage from the recess to a ventilation section formed in an exterior wall surface constituting a side surface different from the exterior wall surface on one side.

2. In a multi-story building having a recess for installing an air conditioning unit on one of the exterior walls, The recess is provided on the second or higher floor, An upper ventilation passage extending from a side surface of the recess to a first ventilation section formed in an outer wall surface constituting a side surface different from the outer wall surface of the one surface; A ventilation structure for a building, comprising: a lower ventilation passage extending from a lower ventilation section formed on the underside of the recess to a second ventilation section formed on an exterior wall surface constituting a side surface different from the exterior wall surface on the one side.

3. In a multi-story building having a recess for installing an air conditioning unit on one of the exterior walls, A first recess is provided on the second or higher floor, and a second recess is provided on a floor below the first recess, An upper ventilation passage extending from a side surface of the first recess to a first ventilation section formed in an outer wall surface constituting a side surface different from the outer wall surface of the one surface; A lower ventilation passage extending from a side surface of the second recess to a second ventilation section formed in an outer wall surface constituting a side surface different from the outer wall surface of the one surface, a first air guide passage that communicates a lower ventilation section formed in the vicinity of a lower corner of the first recess with the upper ventilation passage; A ventilation structure for a building, comprising: a second air guide passage that connects the lower ventilation section and the lower ventilation passage.

4. A ventilation passage design support method for determining the installation position and shape of the ventilation passage in the ventilation structure of a building described in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps. (1) performing a fluid simulation based on set conditions including the shape data of the building and meteorological data including temperature and external wind speed; A wall pressure calculation step of calculating wall pressures at predetermined locations along the exterior wall surface constituting the one side of the building and a side different from the one side of the exterior wall surface. (2) An assumed ventilation path setting step of selecting a location with relatively low pressure based on the distribution of wall pressure calculated by the fluid simulation, and setting an assumed ventilation path. (3) Regarding the assumed ventilation route, Based on air conditioning device data including the heat generation amount, exhaust temperature, and exhaust air volume of the air conditioning device, estimated ventilation path data including the shape of the estimated ventilation path, inlet section conditions, and ventilation section conditions, and atmospheric data, Calculating a recess exhaust air volume, which is the exhaust air volume from the recess when the assumed ventilation path is provided, and a ventilation path exhaust air volume, which is the exhaust air volume from the assumed ventilation path, the sum of the exhaust amount from the recess when the assumed ventilation path is provided, which is calculated from the recess exhaust air volume, the ventilation path exhaust air volume, and the temperature inside the recess, and the exhaust amount from the assumed ventilation path calculated from the recess exhaust air volume, the ventilation path exhaust air volume, and the temperature inside the recess; The total heat generation amount of the air conditioner; a recess inside temperature calculation step of calculating a temperature inside the recess by performing a coupled calculation so that the above-mentioned temperature inside the recess is in an equilibrium state. (4) A recessed portion temperature determination step of determining whether the calculated temperature in the recessed portion is equal to or lower than a target temperature. (5) In the step of determining the temperature inside the recess, if the target temperature is exceeded, at least one of the installation position and shape of the assumed ventilation path is changed, and the step of calculating the temperature inside the recess and the step of determining the temperature inside the recess are repeated, and the assumed ventilation path where the calculated temperature inside the recess is equal to or lower than the target temperature is determined as the designed ventilation path.

5. After the ventilation path determination step, calculating a ratio of the ventilation passage exhaust air volume to a total value of the calculated recess exhaust air volume and the ventilation passage exhaust air volume, and determining whether the ratio is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference value; The ventilation passage design support method according to claim 4, further comprising a ventilation passage determination step of determining the designed ventilation passage when the value is equal to or greater than the reference value.

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